ASM Handbook
Volume 3
Alloy Phase Diagrams
Prepared under the direction of the ASM International
Alloy Phase Diagram and Handbook Committees
Hugh Baker, Editor
Hiroaki Okamoto, Senior Technical Editor
Scott D. Henry, Manager of Handbook Development
Grace M. Davidson, Manager, Production Systems
Mary Anne Fleming, Manager, APD Publications
Linda Kacprzak, Manager of Production
Heather F. Lampman, Editorial/Production Assistant
William W. Scott, Jr., Technical Director
Robert C. Uhl, Director of Reference Publications
Editorial Assistance
Nikki D. Wheaton
Kathleen Mills
Production Assistance
Donna Sue Plickert
Steve Starr
Karen Skiba
Patricia Eland
JeffFenstermaker
The Materials
Information Society
Copyright 1992
by
ASM International
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First printing, December 1992
ASM Handbook is a collective effort involving thousands of technical specialists. It brings together in one
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ASM International
ASM handbook.
(Revised for vol. 3)
Vols. 1-2 have title: Metals handbook.
Includes biographical references and indexes
Contents: v. 1. Properties and selection-irons, steels, and high-performance alloysv. 2. Properties and selection-nonferrous alloys and special-purposev. 3. Alloy phase diagrams
1. Metals-Handbooks, manuals, etc.
I. ASM International. Handbook Committee
II. Metals handbook.
TA459.M43 1990 620.1'6 90-1 15
ISBN: 0-871 70-377-7 (v. I)
0-87170-381-5 (v.3)
SAN: 204-7586
ASM ~nternational@
Materials Park, Ohio 44073-0002
Printed in the United States of America
Foreword
Phase diagrams, thermodynamic data in graphical form, are one of the basic tools of the metallurgist, materials scientist, and materials engineer. They can be used for alloy design, selection of hot-working and fabricating parameters, prediction of performance, guidance in selection of hot-working and fabricating parameters, prediction of performance, guidance in selection of heat-h-eating process parameters, solving
performance problems, including failure analysis, and for many other purposes.
The formation of The American Society of Steel Treating, the forerunner of ASM International, was based
on better understanding of heat-treating technology; this understanding was, of course, rooted in part in the
proper utilization of phase diagrams. Experimental tools such as metallography were used in those early days,
both to determine phase diagrams and to link the heat-treating process with the desired microstructure.
In 1978 ASM International joined with the National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of
Standards of Technology, or NIST) in an effort to improve the reliability of phase diagrams by evaluating the
existing data on a system-by-system basis. ASM raised $4 million from industry and government sources and
NIST provided a similar amount of financial and in-kind support for this historic undertaking. An international
effort was mounted simultaneously with similar objectives. As a result, all of the important binary systems
have been evaluated, and international partners have evaluated more than 2000 ternary systems.
ASM actively participates in the Alloy Phase Diagram International Commission (APDIC), which comprises cooperative national or regional committees in 13 countries. APDIC was formed "to set overall objectives, determine priorities for alloy systems to be assessed, coordinate the assessment programs of APDIC
members and associate members, establish scope and quality standards for assessment programs in other
countries, and assist in the timely dissemination of the resultant phase diagram data."
The complete results of the international effort are recorded in various periodical and reference publications.
However, we have continued to hear from ASM members that a summary version consisting primarily of
phase diagrams should be published as an ASM Handbook for the practicingkngineer. While sucha Handbook
could not contain all the diagrams and data. careful selection would ensure the inclusion of the most important
systems, with references toither more complete sources. The present Handbook is the result of our attempts
to meet these criteria and the stated need.
No reference book of this nature could be published without the contributions of literally hundreds of technical and staff workers. On behalf of ASM International, we extend our sincere thanks and appreciation to the
category editors, contributors, reviewers, and staff who worked in this international effort. Thanks are also due
to the ASM Alloy Phase Diagram and Handbook Committees for their guidance and support of the project.
Edward H. Kottcamp, Jr.
President
ASM International
Edward L. Langer
Managing Director
ASM International
Officers and Trustees of ASM International
Edward H. Kottcamp, Jr.
President and Trustee
SPS Technologies
John G. Simon
Vice President and Trustee
General Motors Corporation
William P. Koster
Immediate Past President
Metcut Research Associates,Inc.
Edward L. Langer
Secretary and Managing Director
ASM International
Leo G. Thompson
Treasurer
Lindberg Colporation
Trustees
William H. Erickson
Canada Centre for Minerals & Energy
Norman A. Gjostein
Ford Motor Company
Nicholas C. Jessen, Jr.
Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.
E. George Kendall
Northrop Aircraft
George Krauss
Colorado School of Mines
Gernant E. Maurer
Special Metals Corporation
Alton D. Romig, Jr.
Sandia National Laboratories
Lyle H. Schwartz
National Institute of Standards &Technology (NIST)
Merle L. Thorpe
Hobart Tafa Technologies, Inc.
Members of the ASM Alloy Phase Diagram Committee (1991-1992)
Michael R. Notis
(Chairman 1991-;Member 1988-)
Lehigh University
James Brown (1990-)
Ontario Hydro
Cathleen M. Cote11 (1991-)
Naval Research Labs
Charles E. Ells (1991-)
Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd.
Gretchen Kalonji (1991-)
University of Washington
Marc H. LaBranche (1991-)
DuPont
Vincent C. Marcotte (1987-)
IBM East Fishkill Facility
T.B. Massalski (1987-)
Carnegie-Mellon University
Sailesh M. Merchant (1990-)
AT&T Bell Labs
John E. Morral (1990- )
University of Connecticut
Charles A. Parker (1987-)
Allied Signal Research &Technology
Alan Prince (1987-)
Consultant
Gaylord D. Smith (1987-)
Inco Alloys InternationalInc.
Michael S. Zedalis (199 1-)
Allied Signal, Inc.
Members of the ASM Handbook Committee (1992-1993)
Roger J. Austin
(Chairman 1992-;Member 1984-)
Hydro-Lift
David V. Neff
(Vice-chairman 1992-;Member 1986-)
Metaullics System
Ted Anderson (1991-)
Texas A&M University
Bruce Bardes (1992-)
GE Aircraft Engines
Robert J. Barnhurst (1988-)
Noranda Technology Centre
Toni Brugger (1992-)
Phoenix Pipe & Tube Co.
Stephen J. Burden (1989-)
GTE Valenite
Craig V. Darragh (1989-)
The Timken Company
Russell J. Diefendorf (1990-)
Clemson University
Aicha Elshabini-Riad (1990-)
Viginia Polytechnic & State University
Gregory A. Fett (1992-)
Dana Corporation
Michelle M. Gauthier
Raytheon Company
Toni Grobstein (1990-)
NASA Lewis Research Center
Susan Housh (1990-)
Dow Chemical U.S.A.
Dennis D. Huffman (1982-)
The Timken Company
S. Jim Ibarra (199 1-)
Amoco Research Center
J. Ernesto Indawchea (1987-)
University of Illinois at Chicago
Peter W. Lee (1990-)
The Timken Company
William L. Mankins (1989-)
Inco Alloys International,Inc.
Richard E. Robertson ( 1990-)
University of Michigan
Jogender Singh (1992-)
NASA
Jeremy C. St. Pierre (1990-)
Hayes Heat Treating Corporation
Ephraim Suhir (1990-)
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Kenneth B. Tator (199 1-)
KTA-Tator, Inc.
Malcolm Thomas (1992-)
General Motors Corp.
William B. Young (1991-)
Dana Corporation
Preface
Alloy phase diagrams have long been used successfully by the scientific, engineering, and industrial
communities as "road maps" to solve a variety of practical problems. It is, thus, not iunprising that such
diagrams have always been an important part of ASM Handbooks. The previous ASM compilation of
commercially important diagrams appeared in Volume 8 of the 8th Edition of Metals Handbook.
Shortly after publication of the earlier volume in 1973, recognition of the universal importance of alloy
phase diagrams led to the formation of several national phase diagram programs, as well as the International
Programme for Alloy Phase Diagrams to act as the coordinating body for these activities. In the US., the
national program has been spearheaded jointly by ASM International and the National Institute of Standards
and ~ e c h n o 6 ~ ~ .
To meet the pressing need for diagrams, the national programs and the entire International Programme had
two main goals: to increase the availability of phase diagrams and to ensure that the diagrams made available
were of the highest possible quality. The specific tasks that were undertaken to accomplish these goals
included assembling all existing data related to alloy phase diagrams, critically evaluating these data, using
the data to construct the most up-to-date and accurate diagrams possible, and making the resulting diagrams
readily available for use.
With the publication of the three-volume set of Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, Second Edition, by ASM in
1991, the binary alloy portion of this monumental task is virtually complete. In addition, the first-ever truly
comprehensive collection of ternary diagrams, the multivolume Handbook of TernaryAlloy Phase Diagrams,
is scheduled for publication by ASM in 1994. Information from these two extensive and current diagram
sources have been used as the basis of this updated engineering reference book, which reproduces the diagrams
of the most commercially important systems (1046 binaries plus 80 ternaries) in a single, convenient volume.
These alloy systems are represented by more than 1100 binary diagrams and 3 13 ternary diagrams, all plotted
in weight percent as the primary scale.
The binary diagrams reproduced in this Handbook were selected from the 2965 systems covered in Binary
Alloy Phase Diagrams, with updated diagrams from literature published since January 1991. Included with
the binary diagrams is a complete index of all known alloy phase diagrams from all sources, listing where
each can be found should a problem arise concerning a binary system not covered in this Handbook. Although
many of the diagrams listed in this index (and a few of those reproduced in this volume) have not been
evaluated under the Programme, they were selected to represent the best available. Updated binary diagrams
from the phase diagram update section of the Journal of Phase Equilibria and abstracts of new full-length
evaluation from the Journal of Phase Equilibria and the Monograph Series on Alloy Phase Diagrams are
available from ASM International on a continuing basis through the Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Updating
Service.
The ternary diagrams reproduced here were selected from more than 12,000 diagrams being assembled for
the ternary handbook. Where available, diagrams from recently published evaluated compilations were
selected. The remainder were selected to represent the best available.
To aid in the full and effective use of these diagrams to solve practical problems, we have included an
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams, which contains sections on the theory and use of phase diagrams, and
an Appendix listing the relevant properties of the elements and their crystal structures.
While the work of developing additional data, expanding alloy system coverage, and refining existing
diagrams must and will continue, the quality checks built into the programme ensure that the diagrams
reproduced here are as accurate and reliable as possible. Credit for this belongs to the conscientious work of
all the experts involved in the worldwide Programme, especially Prof. Thaddeus B. Massalski and Dr. Alan
A. Prince, who coordinated the evaluation efforts during the period of greatest activity.
The Editors
Contents
Section 1
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams ..................................... 1.1
1 1
Common Terms ........................................................................
Phases ...................................................................................
1 1
Equilibrium..........................................................................
1a 1
1.1
Polymoqhism ......................................................................
1 1
Metastable Phases ................................................................
1.1
Systems ................................................................................
1.2
Phase Diagrams ....................................................................
System Components ............................................................1.2
1a2
Phase Rule ............................................................................
Unary Diagrams .......................................................................
1.2
Invariant Equilibrium...........................................................
1.2
Univariant Equilibrium ........................................................1.2
1.2
Bivariant Equilibrium ..........................................................
1.2
Binary Diagrams ......................................................................
Miscible Solids.....................................................................
1.2
Eutectic Reactions ................................................................
1.3
1.3
Three-Phase Equilibrium .....................................................
1.3
Intermediate Phases .............................................................
1.4
Metastable Equilibrium .......................................................
Ternary Diagrams....................................................................
1.4
Vertical Sections...................................................................
1.4
1.5
Isothermal Sections ..............................................................
Projected Views ....................................................................
1.5
Thermodynamic Principles ......................................................1.5
Internal Energy.....................................................................
1.5
1.5
Closed System......................................................................
1.5
First Law ..............................................................................
Enthalpy ...............................................................................
1.6
Heat Capacity .......................................................................
1.6
1.6
Second Law ..........................................................................
1.6
Entropy.................................................................................
Third Law .............................................................................1.7
Gibbs Energy .......................................................................
1.7
Features of Phase Diagrams .....................................................
1a7
1.7
Phase-Field Rule .................................................................
Theorem of leCh8telier ....................................................1a7
Clausius-Clapeyron Equation ..............................................
1a7
1.8
Solutions ..............................................................................
Mixtures ...............................................................................
1.8
Curves and Intersections......................................................1.8
Congruent Transformations.................................................
1 10
1 10
Common ConstructionErrors ..............................................
High-OrderTransitions........................................................
1 10
Crystal Structure ....................................................................1 10
1.10
Crystal Systems....................................................................
Lattice Dimensions ..............................................................
1 10
1.10
Lattice Points........................................................................
Crystal Structure Nomenclature ...........................................
1.15
1 16
Solid-SolutionMechanisms .................................................
Determination of Phase Diagrams ...........................................
1 16
Chemical Analysis ...............................................................
1 16
C o o h g Curves.................................................................
1.16
1.17
Crystal Properties .................................................................
117
Physical Properties ...............................................................
Metallographic Methods ......................................................1 1 7
Thermodynamic Modeling .................................................
1.17
Reading Phase Diagrams..........................................................
1.17
1.17
Composition Scales ............................................................
Lines and Labels ...............................................................
1.18
1.18
Lever Rule ............................................................................
Phase-FractionLines ..........................................................
1.18
Solidification........................................................................
1.18
1.18
Coring .................................................................................
1.19
Liquation ..............................................................................
Eutectic Microstructures ......................................................
1.19
1.19
Eutectoid Microstructures ..................................................
Microstructuresof Other Invariant Reactions ......................1.20
1.20
Solid-state Precipitation.....................................................
1.20
Examples of Phase Diagrams ...................................................
The Copper-Zinc System.................................................
1.20
1.21
The Aluminum-Copper System..........................................
The Titanium.Aluminum. Titanium-Chromium and
Titanium-VanadiumSystems .........................................
1.21
1.22
The Iron-Carbon System ..................................................
1.22
The Iron-CementiteSystem ...........................................
1.24
The Iron-Chromium-Nickel System ....................................
1.24
Practical Applicationsof Phase Diagrams ................................
1.24
Alloy Design ......................................................................
Age-HardeningAlloys ...................................................
1.24
1.24
Austenitic Stainless Steel...................................................
1.25
Permanent Magnets .........................................................
1.25
Processing ............................................................................
1.25
Hacksaw Blades.................................................................
1.26
Hardfacing .........................................................................
1.26
Performance .........................................................................
1026
Heating Elements...............................................................
Electric Motor Housings ....................................................
1.26
1.26
Carbide Cutting Tools...
Solid State Electronics.................................................
......1*27
1.27
Bibliography ............................................................................
1.29
Other References ......................................................................
1.30
Index of Terms ........................................................................
Section 2
Binary Phase Diagrams..............................................................
201
Introduction..............................................................................
2.3
Binary General References.......................................................2.4
Key to Titles..............................................................................
2.4
2.5
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Index ........................................
2.22
References Cited in Index ........................................................
Binary Phase Diagrams and Crystal Structure Data ................. 2.25
Section 3
Ternary Phase Diagrams ............................................................
30 1
3.3
Introduction ..............................................................................
(continued)
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams ......................... ........................3.5
Ternary References ....................................... .. .. .. ... ... ...... 3.59
Section 4
Appendix. ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . 1
Symbols for the Chemical Elements ........................................ 4.3
Standard Atomic Weights of the Elements
(periodic chart) .......................................... . . . . 4 . 4
Melting and Boiling Points of the Elements
at Atmospheric Pressure ........................................... ............ 4.5
Allotropic Transformations of the Elements at
Atmospheric Pressure .......................................................4*7
Magnetic-Phase-Transition Temperatures of the Elements ...... 4.9
Crystal Structures and Lattice Parameters of Allotropes
of the Metallic Elements .....................................................
4 10
Crystal Structure Nomenclature Arranged Alphabetically
by Pearson Symbol Designation ................................ 4
13
17
Temperature Conversions (tables) .................................. 4
Abbreviations ................................. ............................ .... ..........4. 19
Greek Alphabet ................................... ............................ ......4* 19
Section 1
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
Hugh Baker, Editor
ALLOY PHASE DIAGRAMS are useful to
metallurgists, materials engineers, and materials
scientists in four major areas: (1) development of
new alloys for specific applications, (2) fabrication of these alloys into useful configurations, (3)
design and control of heat treatment procedures
for specific alloys that will produce the required
mechanical, physical, and chemical properties,
and (4) solving problems that arise with specific
alloys in their performance in commercial applications, thus improving product predictability. In
all these areas, the use of phase diagrams allows
research, development, and production to be done
more efficiently and cost effectively.
In the area of alloy development, phase diagrams have proved invaluable for tailoring existing alloys to avoid overdesign in current applications, designing improved alloys for existing and
new applications, designing special alloys for
special applications, and developing alternative
alloys or alloys with substitute alloying elements
to replace those containing scarce, expensive,
hazardous, or "critical" alloying elements. Application of alloy phase diagrams in processing includes their use to select proper parameters for
working ingots, blooms, and billets, finding
causes and cures for microporosity and cracks in
castings and welds, controlling solution heat
treating to prevent damage caused by incipient
melting, and developing new processing technology.
In the area of performance, phase diagrams give
an indication of which phases are thermodynamically stable in an alloy and can be expected to be
present over a long time when the part is subjected
to a particular temperature (e.g., in an automotive
Mechanical
equilibria:
~ i1 ~table.
. (c) Unstable
(a) Stable. (b) Metas-
exhaust system). Phase diagrams also are consulted when attacking service problems such as
pitting and intergranular corrosion, hydrogen
damage, and hot corrosion.
In a majority of the more widely used commercial alloys, the allowable composition range encompasses only a small portion of the relevant
phase diagram. The nonequilibrium conditions
that are usuallv encountered in practice. however.
necessitate thi knowledge of a k u c h
tion of the diagram. Therefore, a thorough understanding of alloy phase diagrams in general and
their practical use will prove to be of great help
to a metallurgist expected to solve problems in
any of the areas mentioned above.
par:
Common Terms
Before the subject of alloy phase diagrams is
discussed in detail, several of the commonly used
terms will be discussed.
Phases. All materials exist in gaseous, liquid, or
solid form (usually referred to as a phase), depending on the conditions of state. State variables
include composition, temperature, pressure, magnetic field, electrostatic field, gravitational field,
and so on. The term "phase" refers to that region
of space occupied by a physically homogeneous
material. However, there are two uses of the term:
the strict sense normally used by physical scientists and the somewhat looser sense normally used
by materials engineers.
In the strictest sense, homogeneous means that
the physical properties throughout the region of
space occupied by the phase are absolutely identical, and any change in condition of state, no
matter how small, will result in a different phase.
For example, a sample of solid metal with an
apparently homogeneous appearance is not truly
a single-phase material, because the pressure condition varies in the sample due to its own weight
in the gravitational field.
In a phase diagram, however, each single-phase
field (phase fields are discussed in a following
section) is usually given a single label, and engineers often find it convenient to use this label to
refer to all the materials lying within the field,
regardless of how much the physical properties of
the materials continuously change from one part
of the field to another. This means that in engineering practice, the distinction between the
terms "phase" and "phase field" is seldom made,
and all materials having the same phase name are
referred to as the same phase.
Equilibrium. There are three types of equilibria: stable, metastable, and unstable. These three
conditions are illustrated in a mechanical sense in
Fig. 1. Stable equilibrium exists when the object
is in its lowest energy condition; metastable equilibrium exists when additional energy must be
introduced before the object can reach true stability; unstable equilibrium exists when no additional energy is needed before reaching metastability or stability. Although true stable equilibrium conditions seldom exist in metal objects, the
study of equilibrium systems is extremely valuable, because it constitutes a limiting condition
from which actual conditions can be estimated.
Polymorphism. The structure of solid elements
and compounds under stable equilibrium conditions is crystalline, and the crystal structure of
each is unique. Some elements and compounds,
however, are polymorphic (multishaped); that is,
their structure transforms from one crystal structure to another with changes in temperature and
pressure, each unique structure constituting a distinctively separate phase. The term allotropy (existing in another form) is usually used to describe
polymorphic changes in chemical elements.
Crystal structure of metals and alloys is discussed
in a later section of this Introduction; the allotropic transformations of the elements are listed
in the Appendix to this Volume.
Metastable Phases. Under some conditions,
metastable crystal structures can form instead of
stable structures. Rapid freezing is a common
method of producing metastable structures, but
some (such as Fe3C, or "cementite") are produced
at moderately slow cooling rates. With extremely
rapid freezing, even thermodynamically unstable
structures (such as amorphous metal "glasses")
can be produced.
Systems. A physical system consists of a substance (or a group of substances) that is isolated
from its surroundings, a concept used to facilitate
study of the effects of conditions of state. "Isolated" means that there is no interchange of mass
between the substance and its surroundings. The
substances in alloy systems, for example, might
be two metals, such as copper and zinc; a metal
and a nonmetal, such as iron and carbon; a metal
and an intermetallic compound, such as iron and
cementite; or several metals, such as aluminum,
102/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
magnesium, and manganese. These substances
constitute the components comprising the system
and should not be confused with the various
phases found within the system. A system, however, also can consist of a single component, such
as an element or compound.
Phase Diagrams. In order to record and visualize the results of studying the effects of state
variables on a system, diagrams were devised to
show the relationships between the various
phases that appear within the system under equilibrium conditions. As such, the diagrams are
variously called constitutional diagrams, equilibrium diagrams, or phase diagrams. A singlecomponent phase diagram can be simply a oneor two-dimensional plot showing the phase
changes in the substance as temperature and/or
pressure change. Most diagrams, however, are
two- or three-dimensional plots describing the
phase relationships in systems made up of two or
more components, and these usually contain
fields (areas) consisting of mixed-phase fields, as
well as single-phase fields. The plotting schemes
in common use are described in greater detail in
subsequent sections of this Introduction.
System Components. Phase diagrams and the
systems they describe are often classified and
named for the number (in Latin) of components
in the system:
Number of
components
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Nine
Ten
Name of
system or diagram
unary
Binary
Ternary
Quaternary
Quinary
Sexinary
Septenary
Octanary
Nonary
Decinary
Phase Rule. Thephase rule, first announced by
J. Willard Gibbs in 1876, relates the physical state
of a mixture to the number of constituents in the
system and to its conditions. It was also Gibbs
who first called each homogeneous region in a
system by the term "phase." When pressure and
temperature are the state variables, the rule can be
written as follows:
where f is the number of independent variables
(called degrees of freedom), c is the number of
components, andp is the number of stable phases
in the system.
Unary Diagrams
Invariant Equilibrium. According to the phase
rule, three phases can exist in stable equilibrium
only at a single point on a unary diagram (f = 1 3 + 2 = 0).This limitation is illustrated as point 0
in the hypothetical unary pressure-temperature
(PT) diagram shown in Fig. 2. In this diagram, the
three states (or phasestsolid, liquid, and gasare represented by the three correspondingly la-
Solid
Temperature-
Fig. 2
Schematic pressuretemperaturephase diagram
beled fields. Stable equilibrium between any two
phases occurs along their mutual boundary, and
invariant equilibrium among all three phases occurs at the so-called triple point, 0, where the
three boundaries intersect. This point also is
called an invariant point because, at that location
on the diagram, all externally controllable factors
are fixed (no degrees of freedom). At this point,
all three states (phases) are in equilibrium, but any
changes in pressure and/or temperature will cause
one or two of the states (phases) to disappear.
Univariant Equilibrium. The phase rule says
that stable equilibrium between two phases in a
unary system allows one degree of freedom (f =
1 - 2 + 2). This condition, called univariant
equilibrium or monovariant equilibrium, is illustrated as lines 1, 2, and 3 separating the singlephase fields in Fig. 2. Either pressure or temperature may be freely selected, but not both. Once a
pressure is selected, there is only one temperature
that will satisfy equilibrium conditions, and conversely. The three curves that issue from the triple
point are called triple curves: line 1, representing
the reaction between the solid and the gas phases,
is the sublimation curve; line 2 is the melting
curve; and line 3 is the vaporization curve. The
vaporization curve ends at point 4, called a criticalpoint, where the physical distinction between
the liquid and gas phases disappears.
Bivariant Equilibrium. If both the pressure
and temperature in a unary system are freely and
arbitrarily selected, the situation corresponds to
having two degrees of freedom, and the phase rule
says that only one phase can exit in stable equilibrium ( p = 1 - 2 + 2). This situation is called
bivariant equilibrium.
Binary Diagrams
If the system being considered comprises two
components, a composition axis must be added to
the PT plot, requiring construction of a threedimensional graph. Most metallurgical problems,
however, are concerned only with a fixed pressure
of one atmosphere, and the graph reduces to a
two-dimensional plot of temperature and composition (ZX diagram).
Composition
Fig.
Schematic binary phase diagram showing miscibility in both the liquid and solid states
The Gibbs phase rule applies to all states of
matter (solid, liquid, and gaseous), but when the
effect of pressure is constant, the rule reduces to:
The stable equilibria for binary systems are summarized as follows:
Number of
components
Number of
phases
Degrees of
freedom
3
2
0
1
2
1
Equilibrium
Invariant
Univariant
Bivariant
Miscible Solids. Many systems are comprised
of components having the same crystal structure,
and the components of some of these systems are
completely miscible (completely soluble in each
other) in the solid form, thus forming a continuous solid solution. When this occurs in a binary
system, the phase diagram usually has the general
appearance of that shown in Fig. 3. The diagram
consists of two single-phase fields separated by a
two-phase field. The boundary between the liquid
field and the two-phase field in Fig. 3 is called the
liquidus; that between the two-phase field and the
solid field is the solidu~.In general, a liquidus is
the locus of points in a phase diagram representing the temperatures at which alloys of the
various compositions of the system begin to
freeze on cooling or finish melting on heating; a
solidus is the locus of points representing the
temperatures at which the various alloys fmish
freezing on cooling or begin melting oi heating.
The phases in equilibrium across the two-phase
field in Fig. 3 (the liquid and solid solutions) are
called conjugate phases.
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams/l.3
B
A
a
A
(a)
b
B
Composition
Composition
binaly phase diagram with a mini~ i5 ~Schematic
.
mum in the liquidus and a miscibility gap in the
solid state
1
I
A
B
Composition
(b)
Schematic binary phase diagrams with solidstate miscibility where the liquidus shows a
maximum (a) and a minimum (b)
F@. 4
A
Composition
(a)
Q,.
If the solidus and liquidus meet tangentially at
some point, a maximum or minimum is produced
in the two-phase field, splitting it into two portions as shown in Fig. 4. It also is possible to have
a gap in miscibility in a single-phase field; this is
shown in Fig. 5. Point T,, above which phases a1
and a2 become indistinguishable, is a critical
point similar to point 4 in Fig. 2. Lines a-T, and
b-T,, called solvus lines, indicate the limits of
solubility of component B in A and Ain B, respectively. The configurations of these and all other
phase diagrams depend on the thermodynamics
of the system, as discussed later in this Introduction.
Eutectic Reactions. If the two-phase field in the
solid region of Fig. 5 is expanded so that it touches
the solidus at some point, as shown in Fig. 6(a),
complete miscibility of the components is lost.
Instead of a single solid phase, the diagram now
shows two separate solid terminal phases, which
are in three-phase equilibrium with the liquid at
B
A
(b)
Composition
point P, an invariant point that occurred by coincidence. (Three-phase equilibrium is discussed in
the following section.) Then, if this two-phase
field in the solid region is even further widened
so that the solvus lines no longer touch at the
invariant point, the diagram passes through a
series of configurations, finally taking on the
more familiar shape shown in Fig. 6(b). The
three-phase reaction that takes place at the invariant point E, where a liquid phase freezes into a
mixture of two solid phases, is called a eutectic
reaction (from the Greek word for "easily
melted"). The alloy that corresponds to the eutectic composition is called a eutectic alloy. An alloy
having a composition to the left of the eutectic
point is called a hypoeutectic alloy (from the
Greek word for "less than"); an alloy to the right
is a hypereutectic alloy (meaning "greater than").
In the eutectic system described above, the two
components of the system have the same crystal
structure. This, and other factors, allows complete
miscibility between them. Eutectic systems, however, also can be formed by two components
having different crystal structures. When this occurs, the liquidus and solidus curves (and their
extensions into the two-phase field) for each of
the terminal phases (see Fig. 6c) resemble those
for the situation of complete miscibility between
system components shown in Fig. 3.
Three-Phase Equilibrium. Reactions involving three conjugate phases are not limited to the
eutectic reaction. For example, upon cooling, a
single solid phase can change into a mixture of
two new solid phases or, conversely, two solid
phases can react to form a single new phase.
These and the other various types of invariant
reactions observed in binary systems are listed in
Table 1 and illustrated in Fig. 7 and 8.
Intermediate Phases. In addition to the three
solid terminal-phase fields, a, P, and E, the diagram in Fig. 7 displays five other solid-phase
fields, y, &6',q, and o,at intermediate compositions. Such phases are called intermediate
phases. Many intermediate phases, such as those
B
A
Composition
B
(c)
Schematic binary phase diagrams with invariant points. (a) Hypothetical diagram of the type shown in Fig. 5 , except that the miscibility gap in the solid touches the solidus
curve at invariant point P; an actual diagram of this type probably does not exist. (b) and (c) Typical eutectic diagrams for components having the same crystal structure (b)
and components having different clystal structures (c); the eutectic (invariant) points are labeled E. The dashed lines in (b) and (c) are metastable extensions of the stableequilibria lines.
6
1.4/lntroduction
Fig.
to Alloy Phase Diagrams
,
Hypothetical binary phase diagram showing intermediate phases formed by
various invariant reactions and a polymorphic transformation
illustrated in Fig. 7, have fairly wide ranges of
homogeneity. However, many others have very
limited or no significant homogeneity range.
When an intermediate phase of limited (or no)
homogeneity range is located at or near a specific
ratio of component elements that reflects the normal positio&ng of the component atoms in the
crystal structure of the phase, it is often called a
compound (or line compound). When the components of the system are metallic, such an intermediate phase is often called an intermetallic compound. (Intermetallic compounds should not be
confused with chemical compounds, where the
type of bonding is different from that in crystals
and where the ratio has chemical significance.)
Three intermetallic compounds (with four types
of melting reactions) are shown in Fig. 8.
In the hypothetical diagram shown in Fig. 8, an
alloy of composition AB will freeze and melt
isothermally, without the liquid or solid phases
undergoing changes in composition; such a phase
change is alled congruent. All other reactions are
incongruent; that is, two phases are formed from
one phase on melting. Congruent and incongruent
phase changes, however, are not limited to line
compounds: the terminal component B (pure
phase E) and the highest-melting composition of
intermediate phase 6' in Fig. 7, for example,
freeze and melt congruently, while 6' and E freeze
and melt incongruently at other compositions.
Metastable Equilibrium. In Fig. 6(c), dashed
lines indicate the portions of the liquidus and
solidus lines that disappear into the two-phase
solid region. These dashed lines represent valuable information, as they indicate conditions that
would exist under metastable equilibrium, such
as might theoretically occur during extremely
rapid cooling. Metastable extensions of some stable-equilibria lines also appear in Fig. 2 and 6(b).
Fig.8
Hypothetical binary phase diagram showing three intermetallic line cornpounds and four melting reactions
dimensions becomes more compfcated. One option is to add a third composition dimension to the
base, forming a solid diagram having binary diagrams as its vertical sides. This can be represented
as a modified isometric projection, such as shown
in Fig. 9. Here, boundaries of single-phase fields
(liquidus, solidus, and solvus lines in the binary
diagrams) become surfaces; single- and twophase areas become volumes; three-phase lines
become volumes; and four-phase points, while
not shown in Fig. 9, can exist as an invariant
plane. The composition of a binary eutectic liquid, which is a point in a two-component system,
becomes a line in a ternary diagram, as shown in
Fig. 9.
Although three-dimensional projections can be
helpful in understanding the relationships in a
diagram, reading values from them is difficult.
Therefore, ternary systems are often represented
by views of the binary diagrams that comprise the
faces and two-dimensional projections of the
liquidus and solidus surfaces, along with a series
of two-dimensional horizontal sections (isotherms) and vertical sections (isopleths) through
the solid diagram.
Vertical sections are often taken through one
comer (one component) and a congruently melting binary compound that appears on the opposite
face; when such a plot can be read like any other
true binary diagram, it is called a quasibinary
section. One possibility is illustrated by line 1-2
in the isothermal section shown in Fig. 10. A
vertical section between a congruently melting
binary compound on one face and one on a dif-
Liquidus surfaces
A
+P
Solidus
surface
Solidus
surface
Solvus
surface
'
Ternary Diagrams
A
When a third component is added to a binary
system, illustrating equilibrium conditions in two
L
Fig. 9
Ternary phase diagram showing three-phase equilibrium. Source: 56Rhi
Solvus
surface
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams/l*5
~ i1 0~Isothermal
.
section of a ternary diagram with
phase boundaries deleted for simplification
~ i11 ~Triangular
. composition grid for isothermal sections; x is the composition of each constituent
in mole fraction or percent
ferent face might also form a quasibinary section
(see line 2-3).
All other vertical sections are not true binary
diagrams, and the term pseudobinary is applied
to them. A common pseudobinary section is one
where the percentage of one of the components is
held constant (the section is parallel to one of the
faces), as shown by line 4-5 in Fig. 10. Another
is one where the ratio of two constituents is held
constant and the amount of the third is varied from
0 to 100% (line 1-5).
Isothermal Sections. Composition values in
the triangular isothermal sections are read from a
triangular grid consisting of three sets of lines
parallel to the faces and placed at regular composition intervals (see Fig. 11). Normally, the point
of the triangle is placed at the top of the illustra-
tion, component A is placed at the bottom left, B
at the bottom right, and C at the top. The amount
of component A is normally indicated from point
C to point A, the amount of component B from
point A to point B, and the amount of component
C from point B to point C. This scale arrangement
is often modified when only a comer area of the
diagram is shown.
Projected Views. Liquidus, solidus, and solvus
surfaces by their nature are not isothermal. Therefore, equal-temperature (isothermal) contour
lines are often added to the projected views of
these surfaces to indicate their shape (see Fig. 12).
In addition to (or instead of) contour lines, views
often show lines indicating the temperature
troughs (also called "valleys" or "grooves")
Table 1 invariant reactions
TYP
Eutectic
(involves liquid
and solid)
Reaction
'
Ll
L
S,
>
:
S
Monoteetic
S,
Eutectic
S,
Catatectic (Metatectic)
SI
L
Euteaoid
(involves solid
only)
>
:
SI
S,
>
L,
< S,
Monotectoid
s,
<
Peritectic
(involves liquid
and solid)
v
>A<
S,
Eutectoid
L
Syntectic
S,
Peritectic
&
Peritectoid
S
<L- >
s,
Peritectoid
(involves solid
only)
<S,->
~ i1 2~Liquidus
. projection of a ternary phase diagram
showing isothermal contour lines. Source:
Adapted from 56Rhi
formed at the intersections of two surfaces. Arrowheads are often added to these lines to indicate
the direction of decreasing temperature in the
trough.
Thermodynamic Principles
The reactions between components, the phases
formed in a system, and the shape of the resulting
phase diagram can be explained and understood
through knowledge of the principles, laws, and
terms of thermodynamics, and how they apply to
the system.
Internal Energy. The sum of the kinetic energy
(energy of motion) and potential energy (stored
energy) of a system is called its internal energy,
E. Internal energy is characterized solely by the
state of the system.
Closed System. A thermodynamic system that
undergoes no interchange of mass (material) with
its surroundings is called a closed system. A
closed system, however, can interchange energy
with its surroundings.
First Law. The First Law of Thermodynamics,
as stated by Julius von Mayer, James Joule, and
Hermann von Helmholtz in the 1840s, states that
energy can be neither created nor destroyed.
Therefore, it is called the Law of Conservation of
Energy. This law means that the total energy of
an isolated system remains constant throughout
any operations that are carried out on it; that is,
for any quantity of energy in one form that disappears from the system, an equal quantity of another form (or other forms) will appear.
For example, consider a closed gaseous system
to which a quantity of heat energy, ZiQ, is added
and a quantity of work, 6W, is extracted. The First
Law describes the change in internal energy, dE,
of the system as follows:
s,
In the vast majority of industrial processes and
material applications, the only work done by or
on a system is limited to pressure/volume terms.
1.6/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
Any energy contributions from electric, magnetic, or gravitational fields are neglected, except
for electrowinning and electrorefining processes
such as those used in the production of copper,
aluminum, magnesium, the alkaline metals, and
the alkaline earths. With the neglect of field effects, the work done by a system can be measured
by summing the changes in volume, dV, times
each pressure causing a change. Therefore, when
field effects are neglected, the First Law can be
written:
Enthalpy. Thermal energy changes under constant pressure (again neglecting any field effects)
are most conveniently expressed in terms of the
enthalpy, H, of a system. Enthalpy, also called
heat content, is defined by:
However, if the substance is kept at constant
volume (dV = 0):
and
$1 [El
c--
= -
If, instead, the substance is kept at constant pressure (as in many metallurgical systems),
d ( E + PV)
Enthalpy, like internal energy, is a function of the
state of the system, as is the product PV.
Heat Capacity. The heat capacity, C, of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise its
temperature one degree; that is:
Q=[
clr
]
P
and
A
Composition
Composition
B
Composition
B
Second Law. While the First Law establishes
the relationship between the heat absorbed and
the work performed by a system, it places no
restriction on the source of the heat or its flow
direction. This restriction, however, is set by the
Second Law of Thermodynamics, which was advanced by Rudolf Clausius and W~lliamThomson
(Lord Kelvin). The Second Law states that the
spontaneous flow of heat always is from the
higher temperature body to the lower temperature body. In other words, all naturally occurring
processes tend to take place spontaneously in the
direction that will lead to equilibrium.
Entropy. The Second Law is most conveniently
stated in terms of entropy, S, another property of
state possessed by all systems. Entropy represents
the energy (per degree of absolute temperature,
T)in a system that is not available for work. In
terms of entropy, the Second Law states that all
natural processes tend to occur only with an
increase in entropy, and the direction of the process always is such as to lead to an increase in
entropy. For processes taking place in a system in
equilibrium with its surroundings, the change in
entropy is defined as follows:
(b)
A
B
Composition
(Q
A
A
--
-
-
-A
B
(1)
(9)
Fig. 13 Use of G~bbsenergy culves to construct a bmary phase d~agramthat shows m ~ s c ~ b ~Inl ~both
t y the l ~ q u ~
and
d sol~dstates
-.
Composition
4
I
Source Adapted from 66Pr1
I T71
I-;--7,
.R
"'
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams1107
Composition
A
A
Composition
B
A
B
A
Composition
Composition
(e)
Fig. 14
independent variables, pressure and absolute temperahre, which are readily controlled experimentally. If the process is carried out under conditions
of constant pressure and temperature, the change
in Gibbs energy of a system at equilibrium with
its surroundings (a reversible process) is zero. For
a spontaneous (irreversible) process, the change
in Gibbs energy is less than zero (negative); that
is, the Gibbs energy decreases during the process,
and it reaches a minimum at equilibrium.
Features of Phase Diagrams
and
= dE
A
Composition
Composition
B
B
(1)
Use of Gibbs energy curves to construct a binary phase diagram of the eutectic type. Source: Adapted from 68Gor
Third Law. Aprinciple advanced by Theodore
Richards, Walter Nemst, Max Planck, and others,
often called the Third Law of Thermodynamics,
states that the entropy of all chemically homogeneous materials can be taken as zero at absolute
zero temperature (0 K ) . This principle allows
calculation of the absolute values of entropy of
pure substances solely from heat capacity.
Gibbs Energy. Because both S and V are difficult to control experimentally, an additional term,
Gibbs energy, G , is introduced, whereby:
dC
A
B
+ PdV + V d P - TdS - SdT
However.
dE = TdS - PdV
Therefore,
dG = V d P - SdT
Here, the change in Gibbs energy of a system
undergoing a process is expressed in terms of two
The areas (fields) in a phase diagram, and the
position and shapes of the points, lines, surfaces,
and intersections in it, are controlled by thermodynamic principles and the thermodynamic properties of all of the phases that constitute the system.
Phase-field Rule. The phase-field rule specifies that at constant temperature and pressure, the
number of phases in adjacent fields in a multicomponent diagram must differ by one.
Theorem of Le Chltelier. The theorem of
Henri Le Chdtelier, which is based on thermodynamic principles, states that $ a system in equilibrium is subjected to a constraint by which the
equilibrium is altered, a reaction occurs that
opposes the constraint, i.e., a reaction that partially nullifies the alteration. The effect of this
theorem on lines in a phase diagram can be seen
in Fig. 2. The slopes of the sublimation line (1)
and the vaporization line (3) show that the system
reacts to increasing pressure by making the denser
phases (solid and liquid) more stable at higher
pressure. The slope of the melting line (2) indicates that this hypothetical substance contracts on
freezing. (Note that the boundary between liquid
water and ordinary ice, which expands on freezing, slopes toward the pressure axis.)
Clausius-Clapeyron Equation. The theorem
of Le Chdtelier was quantified by Benoit Clapeyron and Rudolf Clausius to give the following
equation:
where dP/dT is the slope of the univariant lines in
a PT diagram such as those shown in Fig. 2, AV
is the difference in molar volume of the two
phases in the reaction, and AH is the difference in
molar enthalpy of the two phases (the heat of the
reaction).
1.8/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
a
Composition
Fig. 1
Examples of acceptable intersect~onangles lor
houndartcs of two-phase f~elds.Source. 5bRh1
Solutions. The shapes of liquidus, solidus, and
solvus curves (or surfaces) in a phase diagram are
determined by the Gibbs energies of the relevant
phases. In this instance, the Gibbs energy must
include not only the energy of the constituent
components, but also the energy of mixing of
these components in the phase.
Consider, for example, the situation of complete
miscibility shown in Fig. 3. The two phases,
liquid and solid a, are in stable equilibrium in the
two-phase field between the liquidus and solidus
limes. The Gibbs energies at various temperatures
are calculated as a function of composition for
ideal liquid solutions and for ideal solid solutions
of the two components, A and B. The result is a
series of plots similar to those shown in Fig. 13(a)
to (e).
At temperature T i , the liquid solution has the
lower Gibbs energy and, therefore, is the more
stable phase. At T2, the melting temperature of A,
the liquid and solid are equally stable only at a
composition of pure A. At temperature T3, between the melting temperatures of A and B, the
Gibbs energy curves cross. Temperature T4 is the
melting temperature of B, while T5 is below it.
Construction of the two-phase liquid-plus-solid
field of the phase diagram in Fig. 13(f) is as
follows. According to thermodynamic principles,
the compositions of the two phases in equilibrium
with each other at temperature T3 can be determined by constructing a straight line that is tangential to both curves in Fig. 13(c). The points of
tangency, 1 and 2, are then transferred to the phase
diagram as points on the solidus and liquidus,
respectively. This is repeated at sufficient temperatures to determine the curves accurately.
If, at some temperature, the Gibbs energy curves
for the liquid and the solid tangentially touch at
some point, the resulting phase diagram will be
similar to those shown in Fig. 4(a) and (b), where
a maximum or minimum appears in the liquidus
and solidus curves.
Mixtures. The two-phase field in Fig. 13(f)
consists of a mixture of liquid and solid phases.
As stated above, the comvositions of the two
phases in equilibrium at temperature T3 are C1
and C 2 The horizontal isothermal line connecting
~ i16~An example
.
of a binary phase diagram with a minimum in the liquidus that violates the Gibbs-Konovalov Rule.
Source: 81 Goo
points 1 and 2, where these compositions intersect
temperature T3, is called a tie line. Similar tie lines
connect the coexisting phases throughout all twophase fields (areas) in binary and (volumes) in
ternary systems, while tie triangles connect the
coexisting phases throughout all three-phase regions (volumes) in ternary systems.
Eutectic phase diagrams, a feature of which is a
field where there is a mixture of two solid phases,
also can be constructed from Gibbs energy
curves. Consider the temperatures indicated on
the phase diagram in Fig. 14(f) and the Gibbs
energy curves for these temperatures (Fig. 14a-e).
When the points of tangency on the energy curves
are transferred to the diagram, the typical shape
of a eutectic system results. The mixture of solid
a and I3 that forms upon cooling through the
eutectic point k has a special microstructure, as
discussed later.
Binary phase diagrams that have three-phase
reactions other than the eutectic reaction, as well
Correct
as diagrams with multiple three-phase reactions,
also can be constructed from appropriate Gibbs
energy curves. Likewise, Gibbs energy surfaces
and tangential planes can be used to construct
ternary phase diagrams.
Curves and Intersections. Thermodynamic
principles also limit the shape of the various
boundan, curves (or surfaces) and their intersections. F& example, see the PT diagram shown in
Fig. 2. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation requires
that at the intersection of the triple curves in such
a diagram, the angle between adjacent curves
should never exceed 180' or, alternatively, the
extension of each triple curve between two phases
must lie within the field of third phase.
The angle at which the boundaries of two-phase
fields meet also is limited by thermodynamics.
That is, the angle must be such that the extension
of each beyond the point of intersection projects
into a two-phase field, rather than a one-phase
field. An example of correct intersections can be
Incorrect
L
B
A
(a)
Composition
Composition
~ i17~Schematic
. diagrams of binary systems containing congruent-melting compounds but having no association of
the component atoms in the melt common. The diagram in (a) is consistent with the Gibbs-Konovalov Rule,
whereas that in (b) violates the rule. Source: 81 Goo
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams/l.9
Typical Phase-Rule Violations
10. When two phase boundaries touch at a point,
(See Fig. 18)
11.
1. Atwo-phase field cannot be extended to become
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
part of a pure-element side of a phase diagram
at zero solute. In example 1, the liquidus and the
solidus must meet at the melting point of the pure
element.
Two liquidus curves must meet at one comwsition at a eutectic temperature.
A tie line must terminate at a phase boundary.
Two solvus boundaries (or two liquidus, or two
solidus, or a solidus and a solvus) of the same
phase must meet (i.e., intersect) at one composition at an invariant temperature. (There should
not be two solubility values for a phase boundary
at one temperature.)
A phase boundary must extrapolate into a twophase field after crossing an invariant point. The
validity of this feature, and similar features related to invariant temperatures, is easily demonstrated by constructing hypothetical free-energy
diagrams slightly below and slightly above the
invariant temperature and by observing the relative positions of the relevant tangent points to
the free energy curves. After intersection, such
boundaries can also be extrapolated into metastable regions of the phase diagram. Such extrapolations are sometimes indicated by dashed
or dotted lines.
Two single-phase fields ( a and p) should not be
in contact along a horizontal line. (An invarianttemperature line separates two-phase fields in
contact.)
A single-phase field ( a in this instance) should
not be apportioned into subdivisions by a single
line. Having created a horizontal (invariant) line
at 6 (which is an error), there may be a temptation to extend this line into a single-phase field,
a , creating an additional error.
In a binary system, an invariant-temperature line
should involve equilibrium among three phases.
There should be a two-phase field between two
single-phase fields (Two single phases cannot
touch except at a point. However, second-order
and higher-order transformations may be exceptions to this rule.)
*
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
they should touch at an extremity of temperature.
A touching liquidus and solidus (or any two
touching boundaries) must have a horizontal
common tangent at the congruent point. In this
instance, the solidus at the melting point is too
"sharp" and appears to be discontinuous.
A local minimum point in the lower part of a
single-phase field (in this instance, the liquid)
cannot be drawn without an additional boundary
in contact with it. (In this instance, a horizontal
monotectic line is most likely missing.)
A local maximum point in the lower part of a
single-phase field cannot be drawn without a
monotectic, monotectoid, syntectic, and sintectoid reaction occurring below it at a lower temperature. Alternatively, a solidus curve must be
drawn to touch the liquidus at point 13.
A local maximum point in the upper part of a
single-phase field cannot be drawn without the
phase boundary touching a reversed monotectic,
or a monotectoid, horizontal reaction line coinciding with the temperature of the maximum.
When a 14 type of error is introduced, a minimum may be created on either side (or on one
side) of 14. This introduces an additional error,
which is the opposite of 13, but equivalent to 13
in kind.
A phase boundary cannot terminate within a
phase field. (Termination due to lack of data is,
of course, often shown in phase diagrams, but
this is recognized to be artificial.)
The temperature of an invariant reaction in a
binary system must be constant. (The reaction
line must be horizontal.)
The liquidus should not have a discontinuous
sharp peak at the melting point of a compound.
(This rule is not applicable if the liquid retains
the molecular state of the compound, i.e., in the
situation of an ideal association.)
The compositions of all three phases at an invariant reaction must be different.
A four-phase equilibrium is not allowed in a
binary system.
Two separate phase boundaries that create a
two-phase field between two phases in equilibrium should not cross each other.
Hypothetical binary phase diagram showing many typical errorsof construetion. See the accompanying tent for discussion of the errors at points 1 to 23.
iource: 910kal
Fig.
Fig. 19
Problems Connected With Phase-Boundary
Curvatures
Although phase rules are not violated, three additional unusual situations (21, 22, and 23) have also
been included in Fig. 18. In each instance, a more
subtle thermodynamic problem may exist related to
these situations. Examples are discussed below where
several thermodynamically unlikely diagrams are
considered. The problems with each of these situations involve an indicated rapid change of slope of
a phase boundary. If such situations are to be associated with realistic thermodynamics, the temperature
(or the composition) dependence of the thermodynamic functions of the phase (or phases) involved
would be expected to show corresponding abrupt and
unrealistic variations in the phase diagram regions
where such abrupt phase boundary changes are proposed, without any clear reason for them. Even the
onset of ferromagnetism in aphase does not normally
cause an abrupt change of slope of the related phase
boundaries. The unusual changes of slope considered
here are:
21. Two inflection points are located too closely to
each other.
22. An abrupt reversal of the boundary direction
(more abrupt than a typical smooth "retrograde"). This particular change can occur only
if there is an accompanying abrupt change in the
temperature dependence of the thermodynamic
properties of either of the two phases involved
(in this instance, 6 or h in relation to the boundary). The boundary turn at 22 is very unlikely to
be explained by any realistic change in the composition dependence of the Gibbs energy functions.
23. An abrupt change in the slope of a single-phase
boundary. This particular change can occur only
by an abrupt change in the composition dependence of the thermodynamic properties of the
single phase involved (in this instance, the 6
phase). It cannot be explained by any possible
abrupt change in the temperature dependence of
the Gibbs energy function of the phase. (If the
temperature dependence were involved, there
would also be a change in the boundary of the E
phase.)
Error-free version of the phase diagram shown in Fig. 18. Source: 910kal
1.1 O/lntroduction t o Alloy Phase Diagrams
seen in Fig. 6(b), where both the solidus and
solvus lines are concave. However, the curvature
of both boundaries need not be concave; Fig. 15
shows two equally acceptable (but unlikely) intersections where convex and concave lines are
mixed.
Congruent Transformations. The congruent
point on a phase diagram is where different
phases of same composition are in equilibrium.
The Gibbs-KonovalovRule for congruent points,
which was developed by Dmitry Konovalov from
a thermodynamickxp&ssion &en by J. Willard
Gibbs, states that the slom of phase boundaries at
congruent transformations must be zero (horizontal). Examples of correct slope at the maximum
and minimum points on liquidus and solidus
curves can be seen in Fig. 4. Often, the inner curve
on a diagram such as that shown in Fig. 4 is
erroneously drawn with a sharp inflection (see
Fig. 16).
A similar common construction error is found
in the diagrams of systems containing congruently melting compounds (such as the line
compounds shown in Fig. 17) but having little or
no association of the commnent atoms in the melt
(as with most metallic systems). This type of error
is especially common in partial diagrams, where
one or more system components is a compound
instead of an element. (The slope of liquidus and
solidus curves, however, must not be zero when
they terminate at an element, or at a compound
having complete association in the melt.)
Common Construction Errors. Hiroaki
Okamoto and Thaddeus Massalski have prepared
the hypothetical binary phase shown in Fig. 18,
which exhibits many typical errors of construction (marked as points 1 to 23). The explanation
for each error is given in the accompanying text;
one possible error-free version of the same diagram is shown in Fig. 19.
Higher-Order Tkansitions. The transitions
considered in this Introduction up to this point
have been limited to the common thermodynamic
types called first-order transitions-that is,
changes involving distinct phases having different lattice parameters, enthalpies, entropies, densities, and so on. Transitions not involving discontinuities in composition, enthalpy, entropy, or
molar volume are called higher-order transitions
and occur less frequently. The change in the magnetic quality of iron from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic as the temperature is raised above 77 1 "C
(1420 OF) is an example of a second-order transition: no phase change is involved and the Gibbs
phase rule does not come into play in the transition. Another example of a higher-order transition
is the continuous change from a random arrangement of the various kinds of atoms in a multicomponent crystal structure (a disordered structure)
to an arrangement where there is some degree of
crystal ordering of the atoms (an ordered structure, or superlattice), or the reverse reaction.
A
A
Crystal Structure
A crystal is a solid consisting of atoms or molecules arranged in a pattern that is repetitive in
three dimensions. The arrangement of the atoms
Fig. 20
A space lattice
~ i21 ~Crystal
. axes and unit-cell edge lengths. Unitcell faces are shown, but to avoid confusion
they are not labeled.
or molecules in the interior of a crystal is called
its crystal structure. The unit cell of a crystal is
the smallest pattern of arrangement that can be
contained in a parallelepiped, the edges of which
form the a , b, and c axes of the crystal. The
three-dimensional aggregation of unit cells in the
crystal forms a space lattice, or Bravais lattice
(see Fig. 20).
Crystal Systems. Seven different crystal systems are recognized in crystallography, each having a different set of axes, unit-cell edge lengths,
and interaxial angles (see Table 2). Unit-cell edge
lengths a, b, and c are measured along the corresponding a , b, and c axes (see Fig. 21). Unit-cell
faces are identified by capital letters: face A contains axes b and c, face B contains c and a , and
face C contains a and b. (Faces are not labeled in
Fig. 21.) Interaxial angle a occurs in face A,
angle P in face B, and angle y in face C (see Fig.
-.
A).
\
Lattice Dimensions. It should be noted that the
unitcell edge lengths and interaxial angles are
unique for each crystalline substance. The unique
edge lengths are called lattice parameters. The
term lattice constant also has been used for the
length of an edge, but the values of edge length
are not constant, varying with composition within
a phase field and also with temperature due to
thermal expansion and contraction. (Reported lattice parameter values are assumed to be roomtemperature values unless otherwise specified.)
Interaxial angles other than 90" or 120" also can
change slightly with changes in composition.
When the edges of the unit cell are not equal in
all three directions, all unequal lengths must be
stated to completely define the crystal. The same
is true if all interaxial angles are not equal. When
defining the unit-cell size of an alloy phase, the
possibility of crystal ordering occurring over several unit cells should be considered. For example,
in the copper-gold system, a superlattice forms
that is made up of 1Ocells of the disordered lattice,
creating what is called long-period ordering.
Lattice Points. As shown in Fig. 20, a space
lattice can be viewed as a three-dimensional network of straight lines. The intersections of the
lines (called lattice points) represent locations in
space for the same kind of atom or group of atoms
of identical composition, arrangement, and orientation. There are five basic arrangements for lattice points within a unit cell. The first four are:
primitive (simple), having lattice points solely at
cell comers; base-face centered (end-centered),
having lattice points centered on the C faces, or
ends of the cell; all-face centered, having lattice
points centered on all faces; and innercentered
(body-centered), having lattice points at the center of the volume of the unit cell. The fifth arrangement, the primitive rhombohedral unit cell,
is considered a separate basic arrangement, as
shown in the following section on crystal structure nomenclature. These five basic arrangements
are identified by capital letters as follows: P for
the primitive cubic, C for the cubic cell with
lattice points on the two C faces, F for all-facecentered cubic, I for innercentered (bodycentered) cubic, and R for primitive rhombohedral.
Table 2 Relationships of edge lengths and of interaxial angles for the seven crystal systems
Crystal system
Triclinic (anorthic)
Monoclinic
Orthorhombic
Tetragonal
Hexagonal
Rhombohedral(a)
Cubic
Edge lengths
Interaxial ungles
a#b+c
a+b#c
a#b#c
a=b#c
a=b#c
a=b=c
a=b=c
a#p#y+9O0
a=y=90°#P
a=P=y=9O0
a=P=y=m0
a=p=9Oo;y=12O0
a=P=y+9O0
a=$=y=90°
Examples
HBK
P-S; CoSb2
a-S; Ga; Fe,C (cementite)
P-Sn (white); Ti02
Zn,Cd; NiAs
As; Sb; Bi; calcite
Cu; Ag; Au; Fe; NaCl
(a) Rhombohemal crystals (sometimes called trigonal) also can be described by using hexagonal axes (rhombohedral-hexagonal).
introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams11a1 1
-2
-2
2
0
Origin
0
0Zn
Face-centered cublc: ~ m hCU
,
cF4
Facwentered cublc:FT3m. ZnS (aphalerlte)
as
cF8
0
2
Facecentered cublc: ~ r n i r nNaCl
,
0
cF8
Face-centeredcublc: Fdzrn, C (diamond)
cl
cF8
e
w
F
Face-centeredcublc: Frnirn, CaF2 (fluorite)
cF12
milT!
/
Origin
I
0
Origin
a = 0.316 nm
0
Body-centered cubic: lrn~rn,W
Cl2
Face-centeredcublc: superlattlce: Fm&, B ~ F ~
cF18
Fig. 22 Schematic drawings of the unit cells and ion positions for some simple metal ctystals, arranged alphabetically according to Pearson symbol. Also listed are the space lattice
and crystal system, space-group notation, and prototype for each ctystal. Reported lattice parameters are for the prototype crystal.
(continued)
1.1 Z/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
0
0
Origin
Origin
Origin
Prirnltive cubic: ~rn3m,apo
cm
u
Cubic: ~ m hCsCl
,
cP2
0
Cl
a = 0.321 nrn
c = 0.521 nrn
L-
p
i
&
Origin
Hexagonal: PBlmmm, AIB2
hP3
Origin
Close-packed hexagonal: Pti31mmc,Mg
hP2
Hexagonal: #i3mc,
ZnS(wurtzlte)
hP4
Fig.22 Schematic drawings of the unit cells and ion positions for some simple metal crystals, arranged alphabetically according to Pearson symbol. Also listed are the space lattice
and crystal system, space-group notation, and prototype for each crystal. Reported lattice parameters are for the prototype crystal.
(continued)
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams11*I 3
Origin
Hexagonal: PB,lmmc, InNI,
hP6
Haxagonal: 6 2 m ,Fa2P
hPn
Origin
e
0
Au
Cd
Origin
Orthomomblc: Pmma, AuCd
OP4
0
0
Ori
Orthofiomblc: Pnnm, Fe% (marca.lt.)
om
0 s
O ~ h ~ ~ m bPnma.
l c : Fe3C(wmontlt.)
Om6
~ i 22~ Schematic
.
drawings of the unit cells and ion positions for some simple metal crystals, arranged alphabetically according to Pearson symbol. AIru listed are the space lattice
and crystal system, spacegroup notation, and prototype for each crystal. Reported lattice parameters are for the prototype crystal.
(continued)
1.1 4/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
Bodycentered tetragonal: 1411amd,
114
&%I
Tetragonal: IUmmm. MoSlz
tl6
a =
C =
Origin
Tetragonal: P4hmm. yCuTl
tP4
Tatragonal euparlattice:P4lmmm. AuCu
tP2
0.763
0.237
Origin
= 0.397 nm
=
0
0.502 nrn
pb
8 0
Tetragonal: PUnmm, PbO
tP4
0
0
Origin
a = 0.399 nm
c = 0.296 nrn
0
Ti
0
Tetragonel: P 4 Jmnm, T102 (rutlle)
Tetragonal: PUnmm. Cu2Sb
tm
Schematic drawings of the unit cells and ion positions for some simple metal crystals, arranged alphabetically according to Pearson symbol. Also listed are the space lattice
Fig' 22 and crystal system, space-group notation, and prototype for each crystal. Reported lattice parameters are for the prototype crystal.
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagramdl *I5
Table 3 The 14 space (Bravais) lattices and
their Pearson symbols
Crystal
system
Triclinic ( a n o d i c )
Monoclink
Onhorhombic
Tetragonal
Hexagonal
Rhombohedra1
Cubic
Space
lattice
Pearson
symbol
Primitive
Primitive
Base-centered(a)
Primitive
Base-centered(a)
Face-centered
Body -centered
Primitive
Body <entered
Primitive
Primitive
Primitive
Face-centered
Bodyqentered
aP
mP
(a) 7he face that has a lattice point at itscenter may be chosen as the c face
(the XY plane), demted by the symbol C, or as the a orb face, denoted by
A or B , because the chotce of axes is arbitrary and does n a alter the actual
translationsof the lanice
Interstitial
Substitutional
(b)
(a)
Fig. 23 Solid-solution mechanisms. (a) Interstitial. (b) Substitutional
Crystal Structure Nomenclature. When the
seven crystal systems are considered together
with the five space lattices, the combinations
listed in Table 3 are obtained. These 14 combinations form the basis of the system of Pearson
symbols developed by William B. Pearson, which
Fig. 24 Ideal
---.
--- ---
"
c o o l ~ n gcurve w ~ t h n o phase change
-
are widely used to identlfy crystal types. As can
be seen in Table 3, the Pearson symbol uses a
small letter to identify the crystal system and a
capital letter to identlfy the space lattice. To these
is added a number equal to the number of atoms
in the unit cell conventionally selected for the
particular crystal type. When determining the
number of atoms in the unit cell, it should be
remembered that each atom that is shared with an
adjacent cell (or cells) must be counted as only a
fraction of an atom. The Pearson symbols for
some simple metal crystals are shown in Fig. 22,
Fig. 25
Ideal f r e e z ~ n gcurve of a pure metal
along with schematic drawings illustrating the
atom arrangements in the unit cell. It should be
noted that in these schematic representations, the
different kinds of atoms in the prototype crystal
illustrated are drawn to represent their relative
sizes, but in order to show the arrangements more
clearly, all the atoms are shown much smaller than
their true effective size in real crystals.
Several of the many possible crystal structures
are so commonly found in metallic systems that
they are often identified by three-letter abbreviations that combine the space lattice with the crystal system. Forexample, bcc is usedforbody-centered cubic (two atoms per unit cell), fcc for
face-centered cubic (four atoms per unit cell), and
cph for close-packed hexagonal (two atoms per
unit cell).
Space-group notation is a symbolic description
of the space lattice and symmetry of a crystal. It
consists of the symbol for the space lattice followed by letters and numbers that designate the
symmetry of the crystal. The space-group notation for each unit cell illustrated in Fig. 22 is
identified next to it. For a more complete list of
Pearson symbols and space-group notations, consult the Appendix.
To assist in classification and identification,
each crystal structure type is assigned a representative substance (element or phase) having
that structure. The substance selected is called the
structure prototype. Generally accepted prototypes for some metal crystals are listed in Fig. 22.
An important source of information on crystal
structures for many years was Structure Reports
(Strukturbericht in German). In this publication,
crystal structures were classified by a designation
consisting of a capital letter (A for elements, B for
AB-type phases, C for ABz-type phases, D for
other binary phases, E for ternary phases, and L
for superlattices), followed by a number consecutively assigned (within each group) at the time the
type was reported. To further distinguish among
crystal types, inferior letters and numbers, as well
as prime marks, were added to some designations.
Because the Strukturbericht designation cannot
be conveniently and systematically expanded to
I *I C/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
Determination of Phase Diagrams
The data used to construct phase diagrams are
obtained from a wide variety of measurements,
many of which are conducted for reasons other
than the determination of phase diagrams. No one
research method will yield all of the information
needed to construct an accurate diagram, and no
diagram can be considered fully reliable without
corroborating results obtained from the use of at
least one other method.
Knowledge of the chemical composition of the
sample and the individual phases is important in
the construction of accurate phase diagrams. For
example, the samples used should be prepared
I Heating curve
Fig.
Cooling curve
from high-purity constituents and accurately analyzed.
Chemical analysis is used in the determination
of phase-field boundaries by measuring compositions of phases in a sample equilibrated at a
fixed temperature by means of such methods as
the diffusion-couple technique. The composition
of individual phases can be measured by wet
chemical methods, electron probe microanalysis,
and so on.
Cooling Curves. One of the most widely used
methods for the determination of phase boundaries is thermal analysis. The temperature of a
sample is monitored while allowed to cool naturally from an elevated temperature (usually in the
I
26Natural freezing and melting curves of a pure
metal. Source: 56Rhi
cover the large variety of crystal structures currently being encountered, the system is falling
into disuse.
The relations among common Pearson symbols,
space groups, structure prototypes, and Strukturbericht designations for crystal systems are given
in various tables in the Appendix. Crystallographic information for the metallic elements
can be found in the table of allotropes in the
Appendix; data for intermetallic phases of the
systems included in this Volume are listed with
the phase diagrams. Crystallographic data for an
exhaustive list of intermediate phases are presented in 91Vil (see the Bibliography at the end
of this Introduction).
Solid-Solution Mechanisms. There are only
two mechanisms by which a crystal can dissolve
atoms of a different element. If the atoms of the
solute element are sufficiently smaller than the
atoms comprising the solvent crystal, the solute
atoms can fit into the spaces between the larger
atoms to form an interstitial solid solution (see
Fig. 23a). The only solute atoms small enough to
fit into the interstices of metal crystals, however,
are hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, and boron. (The
other small-diameter atoms, such as oxygen, tend
to form compounds with metals rather than dissolve in them.) The rest of the elements dissolve
in solid metals by replacing a solvent atom at a
lattice point to form a substitutional solid solution
(see Fig. 23b). When both small and large solute
atoms are present, the solid solution can be both
interstitial and substitutional. The addition of foreign atoms by either mechanism results in distortion of the crystal lattice and an increase in its
internal energy. This distortion energy causes
some hardening and strengthening of the alloy,
called solution hardening. The solvent phase becomes saturated with the solute atoms andreaches
its limit of homogeneity when the distortion energy reaches a critical value determined by the
thermodynamics of the system.
B
Composition
Time
-
Fig. 27 ldeal freezing curve of a solid-solution alloy
Composition
Time
Fig'
*'
+
Ideal freezing curves of (1 a hypoeutectic alloy, (2) a eutectic alloy, and (3) a hypereutecticalloy superimposed
on a portion of a eutectic phase diagram. Source: Adapted from 66Pri
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams11*I7
tions across the diagram, the shape of the liquidus
curves and the eutectic temperature of eutectic
system can be determined (see Fig. 28). Cooling
curves can be similarlv used to investigate
all
"
other types of phase boindaries.
Differential thermal analysis is a technique used
to increase test sensitivity by measuring-the difference between the temperature of the sample
and a reference material that does not undergo
phase transformation in the temperature range
being investigated.
Crystal Properties. X-ray diffraction methods
are used to determine both crystal structure and
lattice parameters of solid phases present in a
system at various temperatures (phase identification). Lattice parameter scans across a phase field
are useful in determining the limits of homogeneity of the phase; the parameters change with
changing composition within the single-phase
field, but they remain constant once the boundary
is crossed into a two-phase field.
Physical Properties. Phase transformations
within a sample are usually accompanied by
changes in its physical properties (linear dimensions and specific volume, electrical properties,
magnetic properties, hardness, etc.). Plots of these
changes versus temperature or composition can
Composition
Composition
be used in a manner similar to cooling curves to
(a
(c)
locate phase boundaries.
Metallographic Methods. Metallography can
Fig. 29 Poflion of a binary phase diagram containing a two-phase liquid-plus-sol~dfield illustrating (a) the lever rule be used in many ways to aid in phase diagram
and its application to (b) equilibrium freezing, (c) nonequilibrium freezing and (dl heating of a homogenized
determination. The most important problem with
sample. Source: 56Rhi
metallographic methods is that they usually rely
on rapid quenching to preserve (or indicate) el;vated-temperature microstructures for room-temperature observation. Hot-stage metallography,
however, is an alternative. The a ~ ~ l i c a t i oofn
metallographic techniques is discussed in the section on reading phase diagrams.
Thermodynamic Modeling. Because a phase
diagram is a representation of the thermodynamic
relationships between competing phases, it is
theoretically possible to determine a diagram by
considering the behavior of relevant Gibbs energy functions for each phase present in the system and physical models for the reactions in the
system. How this can be accomplished is demonstrated for the simple problem of complete solid
miscibility shown in Fig. 13.The models required
to calculate the possible boundaries in the more
complicated diagrams usually encountered are, of
course, also more complicated, and involve the
use of the equations governing solutions and solution interaction originally developed for physi~ i30~Alternative
.
systems for showing phase relationships in multiphase regions of ternary diagram isothermal
cal chemistry. Although modeling alone cannot
sections. (a) Tie lines. (b) Phase-fraction lines. Source: 84Mor
produce a reliable phase diagram, it is a powerful
technique for validating those portions of a phase
diagram already derived from experimental data.
liquid field). The shape of the resulting curves of illustrated in the cooling and heating curves In addition, modeling can be used to estimate the
temperature versus time are then analyzed for shown in Fig. 26, where the effects of both super- relations in areas of diagrams where no experideviations from the smooth curve found for ma- cooling and superheating can be seen. The dip in mental data exist, allowing much more efficient
terials undergoing no phase changes (see Fig. 24). the cooling curve often found at the start of freez- design of subsequent experiments.
When a pure element is cooled through its freez- ing is caused by a delay in the start of crystaling temperature, its temperature is maintained lization.
near that temperature until freezing is complete
The continual freezing that occurs during cool- Reading Phase Diagrams
(see Fig. 25). The true freezing/melting tempera- ing through a two-phase liquid-plus-solid field
ture, however, is difficult to determine from a results in a reduced slope to the curve between the
CompositionScales. Phase diagrams to be used
cooling curve because of the nonequilibrium con- liquidus and solidus temperatures (see Fig. 27). by scientists are usually plotted in atomic percentditions inherent in such a dynamic test. This is By preparing several samples having composi- age (or mole fraction), while those to be used by
..
1.1 8/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
~
i 31~
Copper
.
alloy C71500 (copper nickel, 30%)
ingot. Dendritic structure shows coring: light
areas are nickel rich; dark areas are low in nickel. 20x.
Source: 85ASM
engineers are usually plotted in weight percentage. Conversions between weight and atomic
composition also can be made using the equations
given in the box below and standard atomic
weights listed in the Appendix.
Lines and Labels. Magnetic transitions (Curie
temperature and N&l temperature) and uncertain
or speculative boundaries are usually shown in
phase diagrams as nonsolid lines of various types.
The components of metallic systems, which usually are pure elements, are identified in phase
diagrams by their symbols. (The symbols used for
chemical elements are listed in the Appendix.)
Allotropes of polymorphic elements are distinguished by small (lower-case) Greek letter pref ~ e s(The
. Greek alphabet appears in the Appendix.)
Terminal solid phases are normally designated
by the symbol (in parentheses) for the allotrope
of the component element, such as (Cr) or (aTi).
Continuous solid solutions are designated by the
names of both elements, such as (Cu,Pd) or
(PTi,PY).
Intermediate phases in phase diagrams are normally labeled with small (lower-case) Greek letters. However, certain Greek letters are conventionally used for certain phases, particularly
disordered solutions: for example, P for disordered bcc, 6 or E for disordered cph, y for the
y-brass-type structure, and o for the crCrFe-type
structure.
For line compounds, a stoichiometric phase
name is used in preference to a Greek letter (for
example, A2B3 rather than 6). Greek letter prefmes are used to indicate high- and low-temperature forms of the compound (for example, aA2B3
for the low-temperature form and PA2B3 for the
high-temperature form).
Lever Rule. As explained in the section on the
features of phase diagrams, a tie line is an imaginary horizontal line drawn in a two-phase field
connecting two points that represent two coexisting phases in equilibrium at the temperature indicated by the line. Tie lines can be used to determine the fractional amounts of the phases in
equilibrium by employing the lever rule. The
lever rule is amathematical expressionderived by
the principle of conservation of matter in which
the phase amounts can be calculated from the bulk
composition of the alloy and compositions of the
conjugate phases, as shown in Fig. 29(a).
At the left end of the line between a1 and Li,
the bulk composition is Y% component B and 100
- Y% component A, and consists of 100% a solid
solution. As the percentage of component B in the
bulk composition moves to the right, some liquid
appears along with the solid. With further increases in the amount of B in the alloy, more of
the mixture consists of liquid, until the material
becomes entirely liquid at the right end of the tie
line. At bulk composition X, which is less than
halfway to point L1, there is more solid present
than liquid. According to the lever rule, the percentages of the two phases present can be calculated as follows:
% liquid =
% solid a =
length of line ~ I X I
x 100
length of line a1L1
length of lineXlLl
x 100
length of line a1L1
It should be remembered that the calculated
amounts of the phases present are either in weight
or atomic percentages and, as shown in the box
on page 29, do not directly indicate the area or
volume percentages of the phases observed in
microstructures.
Phase-FractionLines. Reading the phase relationships in many ternary diagram sections (and
other types of sections) often can be difficult
because of the great many lines and areas present.
Phase-fraction lines are used by some to simplify
this task. In this approach, the sets of often non-
parallel tie lines in the two-phase fields of isothermal sections (see Fig. 30a) are replaced with sets
of curving lines of equal phase fraction (Fig. 30b).
Note that the phase-fraction lines extend through
the three-phase region, where they appear as a
mangular network. As with tie lines, the number
of phase-fraction lines used is up to the individual
using the diagram. Although this approach to
reading diagrams may not seem helpful for such
a simple diagram, it can be a useful aid in more
complicated systems. For more information on
this topic, see 84Mor and 9 1Mor.
Solidification. Tie lines and the lever rule can
be used to understand the freezing of a solid-solution alloy. Consider the series of tie lines at
different temperatures shown in Fig. 29(b), all of
which intersect the bulk composition X. The first
crystals to freeze have the composition al.As the
temperature is reduced to T2 and the solid crystals
grow, more A atoms are removed from the liquid
than B atoms, thus shifting the composition of the
remaining liquid to L2. Therefore, during freezing, the compositions of both the layer of solid
freezing out on the crystals and the remaining
liquid continuously shift to higher B contents and
become leaner in A. Therefore, for equilibrium to
be maintained, the solid crystals must absorb B
atoms from the liquid and B atoms must migrate
(diffuse) from the previously frozen material into
subsequently deposited layers. When this happens, the average composition of the solid material follows the solidus line to temperature T4,
where it equals the bulk composition of the alloy.
Coring. If cooling takes place too rapidly for
maintenance of equilibrium, the successive layers
deposited on the crystals will have a range of local
compositions from their centers to their edges (a
condition known as coring).The development of
Composition Conversions
The following equations can be used to make conversions in binary systems:
wt% A =
at.% A x at. wt of A
x 100
(at.% A x at. wt of A) + (at.% B x at. wt of B)
at.% A =
wt% A I at. wt of A
x 100
(at.% A I at. wt of A) + (wt% B I at. wt of B)
The equation for converting from atomic percentages to weight percentages in higher-order systems is similar
to that for binary systems, except that an additional term is added to the denominator for each additional
component. For ternary systems, for example:
A=
at.% A =
at.% A x at. wt of A
(at.% A x at. wt of A) + (at.% B x at. wt of B) + (at.% C x at. wt of C)
wt%AIat.wtofA
x loo
(wt% A / at. wt of A) + (wt% B /at. wt of B) + (wt% C / at. wt of C)
Theconversion from weight to atomic percentages for higher-order systems is ea\y to accomplish on a computer
with a spreadsheet program.
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams11e l 9
this condition is illustrated in Fig. 29(c). Without
diffusion of B atoms from the material that solidified at temperature TIinto the material freezing
at T2, the average composition of the solid formed
up to that point will not follow the solidus line.
Instead it will remain to the left of the solidus,
following compositions a'l through
- a's. Note
that final freezing does not occur until temperature Ts, which means that nonequilibrium solidification takes place over a greater temperature
range than equilibrium freezing. Because most
metals freeze by the formation and growth of
"treelike" crystals, called dendrites, coring is
sometimes called dendritic segregation. An example of cored dendrites is shown in Fig. 31.
Liquation. Because the lowest freezing material in a cored microstructure is segregated to the
edges of the solidifying crystals (the grain
boundaries), this material can remelt when the
alloy sample is heated to temperatures below the
equilibrium solidus line. If grain-boundary melting (called liquation, or "burning") occurs while
the sample also is under stress, such as during hot
forming, the liquefied grain boundaries will rupture and the sample will lose its ductility and be
characterized as hot short.
Liquation also can have a deleterious effect on
the mechanical properties (and microstructure) of
the sample after it returns to room temperature.
This is illustrated in Fig. 29(d) for a homogenized
sample. If homogenized alloy X is heated into the
liquid-plus-solid region for some reason (inadvertently or during welding, etc.), it will begin to
melt when it reaches temperature T2; the first
liquid to appear will have the composition L2.
When the sample is heated at normal rates to
temperature T i , the liquid formed so far will have
a composition L1, but the solid will not have time
to reach the equilibrium composition al. The
average composition will instead lie at some intermediate value, such as a'l. According to the
lever rule, this means that less than the equilibrium amount of liquid will form at this temperature. If the sample is then rapidly cooled from
temperature TI,
solidification will occur in the
normal manner, with a layer of material having
composition a1 deposited on existing solid
grains. This is followed by layers of increasing B
content up to composition as at temperature T3,
where all of the liquid is converted to solid. This
produces coring in the previously melted regions
along the grain boundaries, and sometimes even
voids that decrease the strength of the sample.
Homogenization heat treatment will eliminate the
coring, but not the voids.
Eutectic Microstructures. When an alloy of
eutectic composition (such as alloy 2 in Fig. 28)
is cooled from the liquid state, the eutectic reaction occurs at the eutectic temperature, where the
two distinct liquidus curves meet. At this temperature, both a and P solid phases must deposit on
the grain nuclei until all of the liquid is converted
to solid. This simultaneous deposition results in
microstructures made up of distinctively shaped
particles of one phase in a matrix of the other
phase, or alternate layers of the two phases. Examples of characteristic eutectic microstructures
include spheroidal, nodular, or globular; acicular
(needles) or rod; and lamellar (platelets, Chinese
script or dendritic, or filigreed). Each eutectic
alloy has its own characteristic microstructure
when slowly cooled (see Fig. 32). More rapid
cooling, however, can affect the microstructure
obtained (see Fig. 33). Care must be taken in
characterizing eutectic structures, because elongated particles can appear nodular and flat platelets can appear elongated or needlelike when
viewed in cross section.
If the alloy has a composition different from the
eutectic composition (such as alloy 1 or 3 in Fig.
28), the alloy will begin to solidify before the
eutectic temperature is reached. If the alloy is
hypoeutectic (such as alloy I), some dendrites of
a will form in the liquid before the remaining
liquid solidifies at the eutectic temperature. If the
alloy is hypereutectic (such as alloy 3), the first
(primary) material to solidify will be dendrites of
f3. The microstructure produced by slow cooling
of a hypoeutectic and hypereutectic alloy will
consist of relatively large particles of primary
constituent, consisting of the phase that begins to
freeze first surrounded by relatively fine eutectic
structure. In many instances, the shape of the
particles will show a relationship to theirdendritic
origin (see Fig. 34a). In other instances, the initial
dendrites will have filled out somewhat into idiomorphic particles (particles having their own
characteristic shape) that reflect the crystal structure of the phase (see Fig. 34b).
As stated earlier, cooling at a rate that does not
allow sufficient time to reach equilibrium conditions will affect the resulting microstructure. For
example, it is possible for an alloy in a eutectic
system to obtain some eutectic structure in an
alloy outside the normal composition range for
such a structure. This is illustrated in Fig. 35. With
relatively rapid cooling of alloy X, the composition of t h solid
~
material that forms will follow
line a1 -a4rather than the solidus line to w. As a
result, the last liquid to solidify will have the
eutectic composition Lq,rather than L3, and will
form some eutectic structure in the microstructure. The question of what takes place when the
temperature reaches T5 is discussed later.
Eutectoid Microstructures. Because the diffusion rates of atoms are so much lower in solids
Fig. 32 Examples of characteristic eutectic microstructures i n slowly cooled alloys. (a) 50%-501n alloy showing than in liquids, nonequilibrium uansformation is
globules of tin-rich intermetallic phase (light) in a matrix of dark indium-rich intermetallic phase. 150x. (b)
even more important in solid/solid reactions
Al-l3Si alloy showing an acicular structure consisting of short, angular particles of silicon (dark) in a matrix of aluminum.
(such as the eutectoid reaction) than in liq200x. (c) AI-33Cu alloy showing a lamellar structure consisting of dark platelets of CuAIz and light platelets of aluminum
solid solution. 1%OX.(d)Mg-37% alloy showing a lamellar structureconsisting of MgzSn "Chinese script" (dark) In a matrix
uid/solid reactions (such as the eutectic reaction).
of magnesium solid solution. 250x. Source: 85ASM
With slow cooling through the eutectoid tempera-
le2O/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
Fig.33
Effect of cooling rate on the microstructure of Sn-37Pb alloy (eutectic soft solder). (a) Slowly cooled sample
shows a lamellar structure consistingof dark platelets of lead-rich solid solution and light platelets of tin. 375x.
(b) More r a ~ i d l vcooled sample shows globules of lead-rich solid solution, some of which exhibit a slightly dendritic
structure. i n a matrix of tin. 375x. Source: 85ASM
cles are difficult to distinguish in the microstructure. Instead, there usually is only a general darkening of the structure. If sufficient time is allowed, the p regions will break away from their
host grains of a and precipitate as distinct particles, thereby relieving the lattice strain and returning the hardness and strength to the former levels.
This process is illustrated for a simple eutectic
system, but it can occur wherever similar conditions exist in a phase diagram; that is, there is a
range of alloy compositions in the system for
which there is a transition on cooling from a
single-solid region to a region that also contains
a second solid phase, and where the boundary
between the regions slopes away from the cornposition line as cooling continues. Several examples of such systems are shown schematically in
Fig. 38.
Although this entire process is calledprecipitation hardening, the term normally refers only to
the portion before much actual precipitation takes
place. Because the process takes some time, the
term age hardening is often used instead. The rate
at which aging occurs depends on the level of
supersaturation (how far from equilibrium), the
amount of lattice strain originally developed
(amount of lattice mismatch), the fraction left to
be relieved (how far along the process has progressed), and the aging temperature (the mobility
of the atoms to migrate). The P precipitate usually
takes the form of small idiomorphic particles
situated along the grain boundaries and within the
grains of aphase. In most instances, the particles
are more or less uniform in size and oriented in a
systematic fashion. Examples of precipitation microstructures are shown in Fig. 39.
Examples of Phase Diagrams
~ i34 ~Examples
. of primary particle shape. (a) Sn-30Pb hypoeutecticalloy showing dendritic particles of tin-rich solid
solution in a matrix of tin-lead eutectic. 500x. (b) AI-19Si hypereutectic alloy, phosphorus-modified, showing
idiomorphic particles of silicon in a matrix of aluminum-silicon eutectic. 100x. Source: 85ASM
ture, most alloys of eutectoid composition, such
as alloy 2 in Fig. 36, transform from a singlephase microstructure to a lamellar structure consisting of alternate platelets of a and p arranged
(or "colo~ies"). The appea&ce of this
in
structure is very similar to lamellar eutectic structure (see Fig. i7). When found in cast irons and
steels, this structure is called "pearlite" because
of its shiny mother-of-pearl appearance under the
microscope (especially under oblique illurnination); when similar eutectoid structure is found in
nonferrous alloys, it often is called "pearlite-like"
or "pearlitic."
The terms hypoeutectoid and hypereutectoid
have the same relationship to the eutectoid composition as hypoeutectic and hypereutectic do in
a eutectic system; alloy 1 in Fig. 36 is a hypoeutectoid alloy, whereas alloy 3 is hypereutectoid.
The solid-state transformation of such alloys
takes place in two steps, much like the freezing of
hypoeutectic and hypereutectic alloys, except that
the microconstituents that form before the eutectoid temperature is reached are referred to as
proeutectoid constituents rather than "primary."
Microstructures of Other Invariant Reactions. Phase diagrams can be used in a manner
similar to that described in the discussion of eutectic and eutectoid reactions to determine the
microstructures expected to result from cooling
an alloy through any of the other six types of
reactions listed in Table 1.
Solid-state Precipitation. If alloy X in Fig. 35
is homogenized at a temperature between T3 and
T5, it will reach an equilibrium condition; that is,
the p portion of the eutectic constituent will dissolve and the microstructure will consist solely of
a grains. IJpon cooling below temperature Ts,
this microstructure will no longer represent equilibrium conditions, but instead will be supersaturated with B atoms. In order for the sample to
return to equilibrium, some of the B atoms will
tend to congregate in various regions of the sample to form colonies of new P material. The B
atoms in some of these colonies, called GuinierPreston zones, will drift apart, while other colonies will grow large enough to form incipient, but
not distinct, particles. The difference in crystal
structures and lattice parameters between the a
and p phases causes lattice strain at the boundary
between the two materials, thereby raising the
total energy level of the sample and hardening and
strengthening it. At this stage, the incipient parti-
The general principles of reading alloy phase
diagrams are discussed in the preceding section.
The application of these principles to actual diagrams for typical alloy systems is illustrated below.
The Copper-Zinc System. The metallurgy of
brass alloys has long been of great commercial
importance. The copper and zinc contents of five
of the most common wrought brasses are:
Zinc content, wt%
UNS N a
Common name
Nominal
R a p
C23000
C24000
C26000
Red brass, 85%
Low brass, 80%
Camidge brass,
70%
Yellow brass,
65%
Muntz metal,
60%
15
20
30
14.0-16.0
18.5-21.5
28.5-3 1.5
35
32.5-37.0
40
37.041.0
C27000
C28000
As can be seen in Fig. 40, these alloys encompass
a wide range of the copper-zinc phase diagram.
The alloys on the high-copper end (red brass, low
brass, and cartridge brass) lie within the copper
solid-solution phase field and are called alpha
brasses after the old designation for this field. As
expected, the microstructure of these brasses consists solely of grains of copper solid solution (see
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams/l*21
Composition
+
B
A
Fig. 35
Schematic binary phase diagram, illustrating the effect of cool~ngrate on an
alloy lying outside the equilibrium eutectic transformation line. Rap~dsolidification into a terminal phase field can result in some eutectic structure being formed;
homogenization at temperatures in the single-phase field will eliminate the eutectic
structure; (3 phase will precipitate out of solution uuon slow cooling into the a-plus-p field.
Source: Adapted from 56Rhi
Fig. 41a). The strain on the copper crystals caused
by the presence of the zinc atoms, however, produces solution hardening in the alloys. As a result,
the strength of the brasses, in both the work-hardened and the annealed conditions, increases with
increasing zinc content.
The composition range for those brasses containing higher amounts of zinc (yellow brass and
Muntz metal), however, overlaps into the twophase (Cu)-plus-P field. Therefore, the microstructure of these so-called alpha-beta alloys
shows various amounts of p phase (see Fig. 4 1b
and c), and their strengths are further increased
over those of the alpha brasses.
The Aluminum-Copper System. Another alloy system of great commercial importance is
aluminum-copper. Although the phase diagram of
this system is fairly complicated (see Fig. 42), the
alloys of concern in this discussion are limited to
the region at the aluminum side of the diagram
where a simple eutectic is formed between the
Fig. 36
Composition 4
Schematic binary phase diagram of a euteaoid system. Source: Adapted from
56Rhi
aluminum solid solution and the 8 (A12Cu) phase.
This family of alloys (designated the 2wxr series)
has nominal copper contents ranging from 2.3 to
6.3 wt%, making them hypoeutectic alloys.
A critical feature of this region of the diagram
is the shape of the aluminum solvus line. At the
eutectic temperature (548.2 "C, or 1018.8 OF),
5.65 wt% Cu will dissolve in aluminum. At lower
temperatures, however, the amount of copper that
can remain in the aluminum solid solution under
Misc~bilitygap
ao-Au,
+
a?
equilibrium conditions drastically decreases,
reaching less than 1% at room temperature. This
is the typical shape of the solvus line for precipitation hardening; if any of these alloys are homogenized at temperatures in or near the solidsolution phase field, they can be strengthened by
aging at a substantially lower temperature.
The Titanium-Aluminum, Titanium-Chrornium, and Titanium-Vanadium Systems. The
phase diagrams of titanium systems are domi-
Sloping solvus.
decreasing solid
solubility with
decreasing temperature
Proeutectoid
reaction
+ B
Po-u
~r,-cu i
lntermedlate
phase
lntermedlate
phase
lo-4 + 0
Fig.37
Fe-0.8C alloy showing a typical pearlite eutectold structure of alternate layers of light ferrite
and dark cementite. 500x. Source: 85ASM
Promonotectoid; similar
to miscibil~tygap
wo+u,
+
Uz
Heterogeneous
ordering; y IS
an ordered phase
u,-+u
Fig. 38 Examples of blnary phase diagrams that glve rlse to preclpltatlon reactions
- -
-.
Source. 85ASM
-
+
y
1022/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
nated by the fact that there are two allotropic
forms of solid titanium: cph aTi is stable at room
temperature and up to 882 OC (1620 OF); bcc PTi
is stable from 882 OC (1620 OF) to the melting
temperature. Most alloying elements used in
commercial titanium alloys can be classified as
alpha stabilizers (such as aluminum) or beta stabilizers (such as vanadium and chromium), depending on whether the allotropic transformation
temperature is raised or lowered by the alloying
addition (see Fig. 43). Beta stabilizers are further
classified as those that are completely miscible
with PTi (such as vanadium, molybdenum, tantalum, and niobium) and those that form eutectoid
systems with titanium (such as chromium and
iron). Tin and zirconium also are often alloyed in
titanium, but instead of stabilizing either phase,
they have extensive solubilities in both aTi and
PTi. The microstructures of commercial titanium
alloys are complicated, because most contain
more than one of these four types of alloying
elements.
The Iron-Carbon System. The iron-carbon
diagram maps out the stable equilibrium conditions between iron and the graphitic form of carbon (see Fig. 44). Note that there are three allotropic forms of solid iron: the low-temperature
phase, a ; the medium-temperature phase, y, and
the high-temperaturephase, 6. In addition, femtic
iron undergoes a magnetic phase transition at 77 1
OC (1420 OF) between the low-temperatureferromagnetic state and the higher-temperature paramagnetic state. The common name for bcc a-iron
is "femte" (fromferwn, Latin for "iron"); the fcc
y phase is called "austenite" after William
Roberts-Austen; bcc &iron is also commonly
called femte, because (except for its temperature
range) it is the same as a-iron. The main feature
of the iron-carbon diagram is the presence of both
a eutectic and a eutectoid reaction, along with the
great difference between the solid solubilities of
carbon in ferrite and austenite. It is these features
that allow such a wide variety of microstructures
and mechanical properties to be developed in
iron-carbon alloys through proper heat treatment.
The Iron-Cementite System. In the solidification of steels, stable equilibriumconditionsdo not
exist. Instead, any carbon not dissolved in the iron
is tied up in the form of the metastable intermetallic compound, Fe3C (also called cementite because of its hardness), rather than remaining as
free graphite (see Fig. 45). It is, therefore, the
ironcementite phase diagram, rather than the
iron-carbon diagram, that is important to indusmal metallurgy. It should be remembered, however, that although cementite is an extremely enduring phase, given sufficient time, or the
presence of a catalyzing substance, it will break
down to iron and carbon. In cast irons, silicon is
the catalyzing agent that allows free carbon
(flakes, nodules, etc.) to appear in the microstructure (see Fig. 46).
The boundary lines on the ironcarbon and ironcementite diagrams that are important to the heat
treatment of steel and cast iron have been assigned special designations, which have been
found useful in describing the treatments. These
lines, where thermal amst takes place during
heating or cooling due to a solid-state reaction,
~ i39~Examples
. of characteristicprecipitation microstructures. (a) General and grain-boundary precipitation of Co3Ti
(7' phase) in a Co-12FedTi alloy aged 3 x 10' min at 800 "C (1470 OF). 1260x. (b) General precipitation
(intragranularWidmanstatten) and localized grain-boundary precipitation in an AI-18Ag alloy aged 90 h at 375 "C (710
O F ) , with a distina precipitation-free zone near the grain boundaries. 500x. (c) Preferential, or localized, precipitation
along grain boundaries in a Ni-2OCr-1AI alloy. 500x. (d) Cellular, or discontinuous, precipitation growing out uniformly
from the grain boundaries in an Fe-24.8Zn alloy aged 6 min at 600 OC (1110 OF). 1000x. Source: 85ASM
Atomic Percent Zlnc
Welght P e r c e n t Z i n c
Fig.40
Zn
:he copper-zinc phase diagram, showing the composition range for five common brasses. Source: Adapted
rom 90Mas
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrarns/l*23
,'
<--/y-\>
~ i41 ~The .microstructures of two common brasses. (a) C26000 (cartridgebrass, 70%), hot rolled, annealed, cold rolled 70%, and annealed at 638 "C (1 180
OF),
showing equiaxed
grains of copper solid solution. Some grains are twinned. 75x. (b) C28OOO (Muntz metal, 60%) ingot, showing dendrites of copper solid solution in a matrix of P. 200x. (c)
C28000 (Muntz metal, 60x1, showing feathers of copper solid solution that formed at P grain boundaries during quenching of the all-P structure. loox. Source: 85ASM
are assigned the letter "A" for arrgt (French for
"arrest"). These designations are shown in Fig.
45. To further differentiate the lines, an "e" is
added to identify those indicating the changes
occurring at equilibrium (to give Ael, Ae3, Ae4,
and Ae,).
Also, because the temperatures at
which changes actually occur on heating or cooling are displaced somewhat from the equilibrium
values, the"e9' is replaced with "c" (for chauffage,
French for "heating") when identlfying the
slightly higher temperatures associated with
changes that occur on heating. Likewise, "en is
replaced with "r" (for refroidissement, French for
"cooling") when identlfying those slightly lower
temperatures associated with changes occurring
on cooling. These designations are convenient
terms because they are used not only for binary
alloys of iron and carbon, but also for commercial
steels and cast irons, regardless of the other elements present in them. Alloying elements such as
manganese, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum,
however, do affect these temperatures (mainly
A3). For example, nickel lowers A3, whereas
chromium raises it.
The microstructures obtained in steels by
slowly cooling are as follows. At carbon contents
from 0.007 to 0.022%, the microstructure consists
of ferrite grains with cementite precipitated in
from fenite, usually in too fine a form to be visible
by light microscopy. (Because certain other metal
atoms that may be present can substitute for some
of the iron atoms in Fe3C, the more general term,
"carbide," is often used instead of "cementite"
when describing microstructures.) In the hypoeutectoid range (from 0.022 to 0.76% C), fenite and
pearlite grains constitute the microstructure. In
the hypereutectoid range (from 0.76 to 2.14% C),
pearlite grains plus carbide precipitated from
austenite are visible.
Slowly cooled hypoeutectic cast irons (from
2.14 to 4.3% C) have a microstructure consisting
of dendritic pearlite grains (transformed from
hypoeutectic primary austenite) and grains of
iron-cementite eutectic (called "ledeburite") con-
sisting of carbide and transformed austenite, plus
carbide precipitated from austenite and particles
of free carbon. For slowly cooled hypereutectic
cast iron (between 4.3 and 6.67% C), the microstructure shows primary particles of carbide and
free carbon, plus grains of m s f o r m e d austenite.
Cast irons and steels, of course, are not used in
their slowly cooled as-cast condition. Instead,
they are more rapidly cooled from the melt, then
subjected to some type of heat treatment and, for
wrought steels, some type of hot and/or cold
work. The great variety of microconstituents and
microstructures that result from these treatments
is beyond the scope of a discussion of stable and
metastable equilibrium phase diagrams. Phase
diagrams are invaluable, however, when designing heat treatments. For example, normalizing is
usually accomplished by air cooling from about
55 OC (100 OF) above the upper transformation
temperature (A3 for hypoeutectoid alloys and Acm
for hypereutectoid alloys). Full annealing is done
by controlled cooling from about 28 to 42 OC (50
to 75 OF) above A3 for both hypoeutectoid and
hypereutectoid alloys. All tempering and process
Atomic P e r c e n t Copper
Al
Weight Percent Copper
~ i42 ~
The alum~num-copper
.
phase d~agram,show~ngthe cornposltlon range for the 2xxx serles of prec~p~tat~on-har
denable alummum alloys Source: 90Mas
1*24/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
Atomlc P e r c e n t Vanadlum
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Alumlnum
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
,ool--
70
20
30L
40
-
50
__--
_.--.
_/-
__--__---
_/-
___--____-----
1700
1870.C
1805.C
1500
U
TI
A1
Weight P e r c e n t Alurnlnum
TI
Weight P e r c e n t Vanadlum
V
Atomlc P e r c e n t C h r o m l u m
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GO
90
1
2000
1800
1870Y
1600
U
2a
1400
a
a
Q
a
E
1200
C
1000
882.1
800
GOO
TI
Welght P c r c e n t C h r o m ~ u r n
Cr
~ i43 ~Three. representative binary titanium phase diagrams, showing alpha stabilization (Ti-AI), beta stabilization with complete miscibility (Ti-V), and beta stabilization with a
eutectoid reaction (Ti-Cr). Source: 90Mas
annealing operations are done at temperatures
below the lower transformation temperature (Al).
Austenitizing is done at a temperature sufficiently
above A3 and &, to ensure complete transformation to austenite, but low enough to prevent grain
growth from being too rapid.
The Iron-Chromium-Nickel System. Many
commercial cast irons and steels contain femtestabilizing elements (such as silicon, chromium,
molybdenum, and vanadium) and/or austenite
stabilizers (such as manganese and nickel). The
diagram for the binary iron-chromium system is
representative of the effect of a femte stabilizer
(see Fig. 47). At temperatures just below the
solidus, bcc chromium forms a continuous solid
solution with bcc (6) ferrite. At lower temperatures, the y-iron phase appears on the iron side of
the diagram and forms a "loop" extending to
about 11.2% Cr. Alloys containing up to 11.2%
Cr, and sufficient carbon, are hardenable by
quenching from temperatures within the loop.
At still lower temperatures, the bcc solid solution is again continuous bcc ferrite, but this time
with aFe. This continuous bcc phase field confirms that &ferrite is the same as a-femte. The
nonexistence of y-iron in Fe-Cr alloys having
more than about 13% Cr, in the absence of carbon,
is an important factor in both the hardenable and
nonhardenable grades of iron-chromium stainless steels. At these lower temperatures, a material
known as sigma phase also appears in different
amounts from about 14 to 90% Cr. Sigma is a
hard, brittle phase and usually should be avoided
in commercial stainless steels. Formation of
sigma, however, is time dependent; long periods
at elevated temperatures are usually required.
The diagram for the binary iron-nickel system
is representative of the effect of an austenite stabilizer (see Fig. 47). The fcc nickel forms a continuous solid solution with fcc (y) austenite that
dominates the diagram, although the a-ferrite
phase field extends to about 6% Ni. The diagram
for the ternary iron-chromium-nickel system
shows how the addition of ferrite-stabilizing
chromium affects the iron-nickel system (see Fig.
48). As can be seen, the popular 18-8 stainless
steel, which contains about 8% Ni, is an allaustenite alloy at 900 OC (1652 OF), even though
it also contains about 18% Cr.
Practical Applications of Phase
Diagrams
The following are but a few of the many instances where phase diagrams and phase relationships have proved invaluable in the efficient solvingof praJical metallurgical problems.
Alloy Design
Age Hardening Alloys. One of the earliest uses
of phase diagrams in alloy development was in
the suggestion in 1919 by the U.S. Bureau of
Standards that precipitation of a second phase
from solid solution would harden an alloy. The
age hardening of certain aluminum-copper alloys
(then called "Duralumin" alloys) had been accidentally discovered in 1904, but this process was
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagramdl 025
Atomic Percent Carbon
O
-
0
-
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
Fc
Fig. 44 The iron-carbon phase diagram. Source: Adapted from 90Mas
thought to be a unique and curious phenomenon.
The work at the Bureau, however, showed the
scientific basis of this process (which was discussed in previous sections of this Introduction).
This work has now led to the development of
several families of commercial "age hardening"
alloys covering different base metals.
Austenitic Stainless Steel. In connection with
a research project aimed at the conservation of
always expensive, sometimes scarce, materials,
the question arose: Can manganese and aluminum be substituted for nickel and chromium in
stainless steels? (In other words, can standard
chromium-nickel stainless steels be replaced with
an austenitic alloy system?) The answer came in
two stages-in both instances with the help of
phase diagrams. It was first determined that manganese should be capable of replacing nickel because it stabilizes the y-iron phase (austenite), and
aluminum may substitute for chromium because
it stabilizes the a-iron phase (ferrite), leaving
only a small y loop (see Fig. 47 and 49). Aluminum is known to impart good high-temperature
oxidation resistance to iron. Next, the literature
on phase diagrams of the alurninum-iron-manganese system was reviewed, which suggested that
a range of compositions exists where the alloy
would be austenitic at room temperature. A nonmagnetic alloy with austenitic structure containing 44% Fe, 45% Mn, and 11% A1 was prepared.
However, it proved to be very brittle, presumably
because of the precipitation of a phase based on
P-Mn. By examining the phase diagram for carbon-iron-manganese (Fig. SO), as well as the diagram for aluminum-carbon-iron, the researcher
determined that the problem could be solved
through the addition of carbon to the aluminumiron-manganese system, which would move the
composition away from the PMn phase field. The
carbon addition also would further stabilize the
austenite phase, permitting reduced manganese
content. With this information, the composition
of the alloy was modified to 7 to 10% ~ l30, to
35% Mn,and 0.75 to 1%C, with the balance iron.
It had good mechanical properties, oxidation resistance, and moderate stainlessness.
Permanent Magnets. A problem with permanent magnets based on Fe-Nd-B is that they show
high magnetization and coercivity at room temperature, but unfavorable properties at higher
temperatures. Because hard magnetic properties
are limited by nucleation of severed magnetic
domains, the surface and interfaces of grains in
the sintered and heat-treated material are the controlling factor. Therefore, the effects of alloying
additives on the phase diagrams and microstructural development of the Fe-Nd-B alloy system
plus additives were studied. These studies
showed that the phase relationships and domainnucleation difficulties were very unfavorable for
the production of a magnet with good magnetic
properties at elevated temperatures by the sintering method. However, such a magnet might be
produced from Fe-Nd-C material by some other
process, such as melt spinning or bonding (see
91Hay).
Processing
Hacksaw Blades. In the production of hacksaw
blades, a smp of high-speed steel for the cutting
edges is joined to a backing strip of low-alloy steel
by laser or electron beam welding. As a result, a
very hard martensitic structure forms in the weld
area that must be softened by heat treatment before the composite strip can be further rolled or
set. To avoid the cost of the heat treatment, an
alternative technique was investigated. This technique involved alloy additions during welding to
create a microstructure that would not require
subsequent heat treatment. Instead of expensive
experiments, several mathematical simulations
were made based on additions of various steels or
pure metals. In these simulations, the hardness of
1
600
2
( Y F ~ ) austemte
.
-*
-------"-
'
I
k a ~ e )ferrite
.
Fig. 45
\
The ~ron-cement~te
phase d~agrarnand detads of the (6Fe) and (aFe) phase f~eldsSource Adapted from 90Mas
.-
-
--
--
- -
-
--
]
(are). t e r n t e
1.26/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
the weld was determined by combining calculations of the equilibrium phase diagrams and available information to calculate (assuming the average composition of the weld) the martensite
transformation temperatures and amounts of retained austenite, untransformed ferrite, and carbides formed in the postweld microstructure. Of
those alloy additions considered, chromium was
found to be the most efficient (see 91Hay).
Hardfacing. A phase diagram was used to design a nickel-base hardfacing alloy for corrosion
and wear resistance. For corrosion resistance, a
matrix of at least 15% Cr was desired; for abrasion resistance, a minimum amount of primary
chromium-boride particles was desired. After
consulting the B-Cr-Ni phase diagram, a series of
samples having acceptable amounts of total chro-
mium borides and chromium matrix were made
and tested. Subsequent f i e tuning of the composition to ensure fabricability of welding rods,
weldability, and the desired combination of corrosion, abrasion, and impact resistance led to a
patented alloy.
Performance
Heating elements made of Nichrome (a nickelchromium-iron alloy registered by Driver-Harris
Company, Inc., Harrison, NJ) in a heat treating
furnace were failing prematurely. Reference to
nickel-base phase diagrams suggested that lowmelting eutectics can be produced by very small
quantities of the chalcogens (sulfur, selenium, or
tellurium), and it was thought that one of these
Fig. 46
The microstructures of two types of cast irons. (a) As-cast class 30 gray iron, showing type A graphite flakes in
a matrix of pearlite. 500x. (b) As-cast grade 60-45-12 ductile iron, showing graphite nodules (produced by the
addition of a calcium-silicon compound during pouring) in a ferrite matrix. 100x. Source: 85ASM
1
0
10
20
30
9
Atornlc Percent C h r o r n ~ u r n
10
50
60
70
0
80
0
80
1
0
10
~
20
6
eutectics could be causing the problem. Investigation of the furnace system resulted in the discovery that the tubes conveying protective atrnosphew to the furnace were made of sulfur-cured
rubber, which could result in liquid metal being
formed at temperatures as low as 637 OC (1179
O F ) (see Fig. 51). Armed with this information, a
metallurgist solved the problem by substituting
neoprene for the rubber.
Electric Motor Housings. At moderately high
service temperatures. cracks developed in electric
motor housings that had been extruded from aluminum produced from a combination of recycled
and virgin metal. Extensive studies revealed that
the cracking was caused by small amounts of lead
and bismuth in therecycled metal reacting to form
bismuth-lead eutectic at the grain boundaries at
327 and -270 OC (62 1 and -5 18 OF), respectively,
much below the melting point of pure aluminum
(660.45 OC, or 1220.81 OF) (see Fig. 52). The
question became: How much lead and bismuth
can be tolerated in this instance? The phase diagrams showed that aluminum alloys containing
either lead or bismuth in amounts exceeding their
respective solubility limits (<0.05% and -0.2%)
can lead to hot cracking of the aluminum.
Carbide Cutting Tools. A manufacturer of carbide cutting tools once experienced serious
trouble with brittleness of the sintered carbide. No
impurities were found. The range of compositions
for cobalt-bonded sintered carbides is shown in
the shaded area of Fig. 53, along the dashed line
connecting pure tungsten carbide (marked "WC")
on the right and pure cobalt at the lower left. At
1400 OC (2552 OF), materials with these compositions consist of particles of tungsten carbide
suspended in liquid metal. However, when there
is a deficiency of carbon, compositions drop into
the region labeled WC + q + liquid, or the region
labeled WC + q where tungsten carbide particles
are surrounded by a matrix of q phase. The q
30
0
Atornlc Percent Nlckel
40
50
60
0
6
300
Fe
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o r n ~ u r n
Cr
Fe
Welght Percent N ~ c k e l
Fig. 47 Two representative binary iron phase diagrams, showing ferrite stabilization (Fe-Cr) and austenite stabilization (Fe-Ni).Source: 90Mas
NI
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams/l.27
problem and its solution, which could have been
avoided had the proper phase diagram been examined (see Fig. 54).
A question concerning purple plague problems,
however, has remained unresolved: whether or
not the presence of silicon near the gold-aluminum interface has an influence on the stability and
rate of formation of the damaging intermetallic
phase. An examination of the phase relationships
in the AI-A12Au-Si subternary system showed no
stable ternary Al-Au-Si phases (see 91Hay). It
was suggested instead that the reported effect of
silicon may be due to a reaction between silicon
and alumina (A1203) at the aluminum-gold interface that becomes thermodynamically feasible in
the presence of gold.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Weight P e r c e n t Nickel
Fig. 48
The isothermal section at 900 "C (1652 O F ) of the iron-chromium-nickel ternary phase diagram, showing the
nominal composition of 18-8 stainless steel. Source: Adapted from Ref 1
phase is known to be brittle. The upward adjustment of the carbon content by only a few hundredths of a weight percent eliminated this problem.
Solid-state Electronics. In the early stages of
the solid-state industry, a phenomenon known as
the "purple plague" nearly destroyed the fledgling industry. Components were failing where the
1
0
10
20
30
6
40
gold lead wires were fused to aluminized transistor and integrated circuits. A purple residue was
formed, which was thought to be a product of
corrosion. Actually, what was happening was the
formation of an intermetallic compound, an aluminum-gold precipitate (AlzAu) that is purple in
color and very brittle. Millions of actual and
opportunity dollars were lost in identifying the
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t A l u m ~ n u r n
50
60
70
80
0
0
u
Atornlc P e r c e n t Manganese
00
100
0
203
i..---.-.-----
0
Fe
W e ~ g h tP e m e n t A l u m l n u m
35Mar: J.S. Marsh, Principles of Phase Diagrams, McGraw-Hill, 1935. This out-of-print
book is an early thorough presentation of the
principles of heterogeneous equilibrium in organic, inorganic salt, and metallic systems.
44Mas: G. Masing (B.A. Rogers, transl.), Ternary Alloys: Introduction to the Theory of Three
Component Systems, Reinhold, 1944; available
from U.M.I,300 North Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, MI
481% This out-of-print book, originally published in German in 1932, is one of the first to
thoroughly discuss the theory underlying ternary
alloy systems and their application to industrial
alloys.
56Rhi: EN. Rhines, Phase Diagrams in Metallurgy: Their Development and Application,
McGraw-Hill, 1956. This out-of-print book is a
basic text designedfor undergraduate students in
metallurgy.
66Pri: A. Prince, Alloy Phase Equilibria, Elsevier, 1966. This out-of-print book covers the
thermodynamic approach to binary, ternary, and
quaternary phase diagrams.
68Gor: P. Gordon, Principles of Phase Diagrams in Materials Systems, McGraw-Hill, 1968;
Al
Fig. 49 The alummum-iron and iron-manganese phase diagrams. Source: Ref 2
Fr
0
20
0
p
..--.
0
Wplght P e r c e n t Manganese
Mn
1.28/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
reprinted by Robert E. Krieger Publishing, 1983.
81Goo: D.A. Goodman, J.W. Cahn, and L.H.
Covers the thermodynamic basis of phase dia- Bennett, The Centennial of the Gibbs-Konovalov
grams; the presentation is aimed at materials Rule for Congruent Points, Bull. Alloy Phase
engineers and scientists.
Diagrams, Vol2 (No. I), 1981,p 29-34. Presents
70Kau: L. Kaufman and H. Bemstein, Com- the theoretical basis for the rule and its applicaputer Calculations of Phase Diagrams, Aca- tion to phase diagram evaluation.
demic Press, 1970.A comprehensivepresentation
81Hil: M. Hillert, A Discussion of Methods of
of thermodynamic modeling with the aid of com- Calculating Phase Diagrams, Bull. Alloy Phase
puters.
Diagrams, Vo12 (No. 3), 1981, p 265-268. Pre75Gok: N.A. Gokcen, Thermodynamics, Tech- sents a brief description of the various methods
science, 1975. Chapter XV discusses the role of for thermodynamic modeling of phase diagrams.
thermodynamics in phase diagrams and Gibbs
82Pel: A.D. Pelton, W.T. Thompson, and C.W.
energy diagrams.
Bale, F*A*CYT* (Facility for the Analysisof
77Luk: H.L. Lukas, E.T. Henig, and B. Zirn- Chemical Thermodynamics), McGill University,
merman, Optimization of Phase Diagrams by a 1982. Describes a thermodynamic database and
Least Squares Method Using Simultaneously computerprogram for modeling phase diagrams.
Different Types of Data, Calphad, Vol 1 (No. 3),
84Mor: J.E. Moml, Two-Dimensional Phase
1977,p 225-236. Presents the use of a computer- Fraction Charts, Scr Metall., Vol 18 (No. 4),
aided program for determining phase boundary 1984, p 407-410. Gives a general description of
lines that best fit scattered data points.
phase-fraction charts.
85ASM: Metals Handbook, 9th ed.,Vol9, Metallography and Microstructures, American Society for Metals, 1985. A comprehensive reference
covering terms and definitions, metallographic
techniques, microstructures of industrial metals
and alloys, and principles of microstructures and
crystal structures.
89Mas: T.B. Massalski, Phase Diagrams in Materials Science, ASM News, Vol 20 (No. 7), July
1989, p 8-9. A concise presentation of the role of
phase diagrams in materials science, and the
worldwide efforts ro make reliable diagrams
readily available.
90Mas: T.B. Massalski, Ed., Binary Alloy
Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., ASM International,
1990. The most comprehensive collection of binary phase diagrams published to date: diagrams for 2965 systems, presented in both atomic
and weight percent, with crystal data and discussion.
Atorn~c Prrcent Stilfur
Fe
Fig. 50
Weight Percent Manganese
Mn
The isothermal section at 1100 "C (2012 O F ) of the iron-manganese-carbon
phase diagram. Source: Adapted from Ref 3
NI
Welght Percent Sulfur
Fig. 51 The nickel-sulfur phase diagram. Source: Adapted from 90Mas
Atomic Percent Bismuth
Atomic Percent Lead
(Al)
Fig. 52 The aluminum-bismuth and aluminum-lead phase diagrams. Source: Adapted from 90Mas
+
L
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams11029
A1
Fig. 53
The isothermal section at 1400°c (2552"F)ofthecobalt-tungsten-carbon phase
diagram. Source: Adapted from Ref 4
Fig. 54 The aluminum-gold phase diagram,
Volume Fraction
In order to relate the weight fraction of a phase present in an alloy specimen as determined from a phase
diagramto its two-dimensional appearance as observed in a micrograph, it is necessary to be able to convert
between weight-fraction values and areal-fraction values, both in decimal fractions. This conversion can be
developed as follows:
The weight fraction of the phase is determined from the phase diagram, using the lever rule.
Volume portion of the phase =
welght fraction of the phase
phase density
Total volume of all phases present = sum of the volume portions of each phase.
Volume fraction of the phase =
phase density x total volume
It has been shown by stereology and quantitative metallography that areal fraction is equal to volume
fraction [UASM]. (Areal fraction of a phase is the sum of areas of the phase intercepted by a microscopic
traverse of the observed region of the specimen divided by the total area of the observed region.) Therefore:
Areal fraction of the phase =
weight fraction of the phase
phase density x total volume
The phase density value for the preceding equation can be obtained by measurement or calculation. The
densities of chemical elements, and some line compounds, can be found in the literature. Alternatively, the
density of a unit cell of a phase comprising one or more elements can be calculated from information about
its crystal structure and the atomic weights of the elements comprising it as follows:
Weight of each element = number of atoms x
atomic weight
Avogadro's number
Total cell weight = sum of weights of each element
Density = total cell weight l cell volume
For example, the calculated density of pure copper, which has a fcc structure and a lattice parameter of
0.36146 nm, is:
This compares favorably with the published value of 8.93.
Weight P r r c e n t Gold
Au
Source: Ref 5
91Hay: F.H. Hayes, Ed., User Aspects of Phase
Diagrams, The Institute of Metals, London, 1991.
A collection of 35 papers and posters presented
at a conference held June 1990 in Petten, The
Netherlands.
91Mor: J.E. M o d and H. Gupta, Phase
Boundary, ZPF, and Topological Lines on Phase
Diagrams, Scr. MetaU., Vol 25 (No. 6), 1991, p
1393-1396. Reviews three different ways of considering the lines on a phase diagram.
910kal: H . Okamoto and T.B. Massalski,
Thermodvnamicallv Improbable Phase Diagams, ~.>hase~ G i l i b r i aVol
, 12 (No. 2), 1991,
p 148-168. Presents examples of phase-rule violations and problems with phase-boundary curvatures; also discusses unusual diagrams.
910ka2: H . Okamoto, Reevaluation of Thermodynamic Models for Phase Diagram Evaluation, J. Phase Equilibria, Vol 12 (No. 6), 1991,
p 623-643. Reviews the basic principles of thermodynamic calculation of phase diagrams, simplification of thermodynamic models, and reliability of thermodynamic data and parameters;
also presents examples of unlikely calculated
phase diagrams.
91Vil: P. Villars and L.D. Calvert, Pearson's
Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermediate Phases, ASM International, 1991.This third
edition of Pearson's comprehensive compilation
includes data from all the international literature
from 1913 to 1989.
O T H E R REFERENCES
G.V. Raynor and V.G. Rivlin, Phase Equili1.
bria in Iron Ternary Alloys, Vol 4, The
Institute of Metals, London, 1988
H. Okarnoto, Phase Diagrams of Binary
2.
Iron Alloys, ASM International, 1992
R. Benz, J.F. Elliott, and J. Chipman, Met3.
all. Trans., Vol4, 1973, p 1449
P. Rautala and J.T. Norton, Trans. AIME,
4.
Vol194,1952, p 1047
5. H. Okamoto, Ed., Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Updating Service, ASM Intemational, 1992
1.30/lntroduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
Index of Terms
Age hardening ........................................
Allotropy ................................................
Binary .....................................................
Bivariant equilibrium.............................
Bravais lattice.........................................
Catatectic................................................
Clausius-Clapeyron equation .................
Closed system ........................................
Component.............................................
Congruent phase change ........................
Congruent point .....................................
Conjugate phases ...................................
Constitutional diagram...........................
Continuous solid solution ......................
Coring ....................................................
Critical point ..........................................
Crystal ....................................................
Crystal structure.....................................
Crystal system ........................................
Decinary .................................................
Degrees of freedom ................................
Dendrite ..................................................
Dendritic segregation .............................
Disorder..................................................
Edge length ............................................
Enthalpy .................................................
Entropy...................................................
Equilibrium diagram ..............................
Eutectic ..................................................
Eutectoid ................................................
First Law of Thermodynamics ..............
First-order transition ..............................
Gibbs energy ..........................................
Gibbs-Konovalov Rule ..........................
Guinier-Prestonzones............................
Heat capacity..........................................
Heat content ...........................................
Higher-order transition ..........................
Hot short.................................................
Hypereutectic .........................................
Hypereutectoid .......................................
Hypoeutectic ..........................................
Hypoeutectoid ........................................
Idiomorphic particles .............................
Incongruent phase change......................
Interaxial angle.......................................
Intermediate phase .................................
Intermetallic compound .........................
Internal energy .......................................
Interstitional solid solution ....................
Invariant equilibrium .............................
Invariant point ........................................
Isopleth ...................................................
Isotherm..................................................
Lattice constant ......................................
Lattice parameter ....................................
Lattice points ..........................................
Law of Conservation of Energy .............
Lever rule ...............................................
Line compound ......................................
Liquation ................................................
Liquidus..................................................
Long-period ordering .............................
Melting curve .........................................
Metatectic ...............................................
Monotectic..............................................
Monotectoid ...........................................
Monovariant equilibrium .......................
Nonary ....................................................
Octanary .................................................
Ordered structure....................................
Pearson symbol ......................................
Peritectic .................................................
Peritectoid ..............................................
Phase ......................................................
Phase diagram ........................................
Phase-field rule ......................................
Phase-fraction line..................................
Phase rule ...............................................
Polymorphic ...........................................
Precipitation hardening ..........................
Primary constituent ................................
Proeutectoid constituent .........................
Prototype ................................................
Pseudobinary ..........................................
Quasibinary ............................................
Quaternary ..............................................
Quinary ...................................................
Second Law of Thermodynamics ..........
Septenary ................................................
Sexinary ..................................................
Solidus....................................................
Solution hardening .................................
Solvus .....................................................
Space-group notation .............................
Space lattice............................................
State variable ..........................................
Structure prototype .................................
Sublimation curve ..................................
Substitutional solid solution ...................
Superlattice.............................................
Syntectic .................................................
System ....................................................
Terminal phase .......................................
Ternary ...................................................
Theorem of Le Chiitelier ........................
Third Law of Thermodynamics .............
Tie line ....................................................
Tie triangle .............................................
Triple curve ............................................
Triple point .............................................
Unary ......................................................
Unit cell ..................................................
Univariant equilibrium ...........................
Vaporization curve .................................
Section 2
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 2.3
Binary General References...................................................................................................................
2.4
Key to Titles .........................................................................................................................................
2.4
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Index ....................................................................................................2.5
References Cited in Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Index ................................................................. 2.22
Binary Phase Diagrams and Crystal Structure Data .......................................................................
List of Binary Systems Included:
Ag-A1 ..... 2.25
Ag-As .... 2-25
Ag-Au .... 2-25
Ag-Be .... 2.26
Ag-Bi .....2-26
Ag-Ca .... 2.26
Ag-Cd .... 2.27
Ag-Ce ....2-27
Ag-Co .... 2.27
Ag-Cu .... 2-28
Ag-Dy .... 2.28
Ag-Er .....2.28
Ag-Eu .... 2-29
Ag-Fe .....2.29
Ag-Ga .... 2.29
Ag-Gd .... 2.30
Ag-Ge .... 2.30
Ag-Hg ....2.30
Ag-Ho ....2-31
Ag-In ...... 2.31
Ag-La ..... 2.31
Ag-Li ..... 2.32
Ag-Mg ...2-32
Ag-Mo ... 2.32
Ag-Na .... 2.33
Ag-Nd .... 2.33
Ag-Ni ..... 2.33
Ag-P ....... 2.34
Ag-Pb ..... 2-34
Ag-Pd ..... 2.34
Ag-PI .....2-35
Ag-Pt ......2.35
Ag-S ....... 2.35
Ag-Sb ..... 2-35
Ag-Sc ..... 2-36
Ag-Se .....2.36
Ag-Si ......2.37
Ag-Sm .... 2-37
Ag-Sn .....2-37
Ag-Sr .....2.38
Ag-Te .....2-38
Ag-TI ..... 2.38
Ag-TI ..... 2.39
Ag-Y ...... 2-39
Ag-Yb ....2-39
Ag-Zn ....2.40
Ag-Zr ..... 2.40
AI-As ..... 2.40
AI-Au ..... 2-41
AI-Ba ..... 2-41
AI-Be......2.41
AI-Bi ......2.42
AI-Ca ...... 2.42
A1-Cd ..... 2-42
AI-Ce...... 2-43
AI-CO ..... 2.43
Al-Cr ......2-43
AI-Cu .....2.44
AI-Er ......2.44
AI-Fe ......2-44
AI-Ga ..... 2.45
AI-Gd ..... 2-45
A l G e .....2-45
AI-H .......2-46
AI-Hg ..... 2-46
AI-Ho ..... 2.46
A1-In ....... 2.47
AI-La ......2.47
AI-Li ......2.47
AI-Mg ....2.48
AI-Mn ....2.48
AI-Nb ..... 2.48
AI-Nd .....2.49
AI-Ni ......2-49
A1-Pb ...... 2-49
A1-Pd ...... 2-50
A1-Pr ...... 2.50
AI-Pt .......2-50
AILS ........2.51
A1-Sb ...... 2.51
AI-Se ...... 2-51
A1Si .......2.52
AI-Sn ......2.52
AI-Sr ......2.52
AI-Ta ...... 2.53
AI-Te ...... 2.53
AI-Th .....2.53
A1-Ti.......2-54
AI-U .......2.54
AI-V .......2-54
AI-W ...... 2.55
AI-Y ....... 2-55
AI-Yb .....2.55
Al-Zn .....2-56
AI-Zr ...... 2.56
As-Au .....2-56
As-Bi ......2.57
As-Cd .....2-57
As-Co ..... 2.58
As-Cu .....2-58
As-Fe ......2-58
A s G a .....2-59
A s G e ..... 2-59
As-In ...... 2-59
As-K .......2.60
As-Mn ....2.60
As-Nd .....2-60
As-Ni ......2.61
As-P ....... 2.61
As-Pb .....2-61
As-Pd .....2-62
As-S .......2-62
As-Sb .....2-62
As-Se ......2.63
As-Si ......2.63
As-Sn ..... 2-53
As-Te ...... 2-64
As-Tl ...... 2-64
As-Yb .....2-64
As-Zn .....2.65
Au-Be .....2.65
Au-Bi .....2-65
Au-Ca .....2-66
Au-Cd .....2-66
Au-Ce .....2.67
Au-Co .....2.67
Au-Cr ..... 2.67
Au-Cu .....2-68
Au-Dy ....2-68
Au-Eu .....2-68
Au-Fe ..... 2.69
Au-Ga ..... 2-69
Au-Ge.....2-69
Au-Hg ....2.70
Au-In ......2-70
Au-K ......2-70
Au-La .....2-71
Au-Li ......2-71
Au-Mg ....2.71
Au-Mn ....2-72
Au-Na.....2.72
Au-Nb ....2.73
Au-Ni .....2.73
Au-Pb .....2.73
Au-Pd .....2.74
Au-PI ...... 2.74
Au-Pt ......2-74
Au-Pu .....2-75
Au-Rb .....2-75
Au-Sb .....2.75
Au-Se .....2.76
Au-Si ......2-76
Au-Sn ..... 2-76
Au-Sr ...... 2-77
Au-Te .....2.77
Au-Th .....2.77
Au- Ti ......2-78
Au-TI ...... 2-78
Au-U ...... 2.78
Au-V ......2-79
Au-Yb ....2-79
Au-Zn .....2-79
Au-Zr......2-80
B-C .........2-80
B-Co .......2.80
B-Cr ........2.81
B-Cu ....... 2-81
B-Fe ........ 2.81
B-Mn ......2-82
B-Mo ......2-82
B-Nb .......2-82
B-Ni ........2.83
B-Pd ....... 2-83
B-Pt ........ 2-83
B-Re .......2.84
B-Ru .......2.84
B-Sc ........ 2.84
B-Si ........ 2-85
B-Ta ........2.85
B-Ti ........2.85
B-V .........2-86
B-W ........ 2-86
B-Y ......... 2.86
B-Zr ........2-87
Ba-Ca .....2.87
Ba-Cd ..... 2.87
Ba-Cu .....2.88
Ba-Ga .....2-88
Ba-Ge .....2-88
Ba-H .......2.89
Ba-Hg .....2.89
Ba-In ......2.89
Ba-Li ......2.90
Ba-Mg ....2-90
Ba-Na ..... 2.90
Ba-P ........ 2-91
Ba-Pb ......2.91
Ba-Se ......2.91
Ba-Si ......2.92
Ba-Te ......2.92
Ba-TI ......2-92
Ba-Zn .....2.93
Be-Co .....2.93
Be-Cr ......2.93
Be-Cu .....2.94
Be-Fe ......2.94
Be-Hf ......2-95
Be-Nb .....2-95
.
Be-Pd ......2.96
Be-Si .......2.96
Be-Th .....2-96
Be-Ti .......2.97
Be-W ...... 2-97
Be-Zr ......2.97
Bi-Ca ......2.98
Bi-Cd ......2.98
Bi-Cs ......2.98
Bi-Cu ......2-99
Bi-Ga ...... 2.99
BiGe ......2-99
Bi-Hg ....2.100
Bi-In .....2.100
Bi-K ...... 2.100
Bi-La ....2.101
Bi-Li .....2.101
Bi-Mg ...2- l Ol
Bi-Mn ...2 102
Bi-Na ....2 102
Bi-Nd ....2 102
Bi-Ni .....29 103
Bi-Pb ....2- 103
Bi-Pd ....2.103
Bi-Pt .....2.104
Bi-Rb ....2. 104
Bi-S ......2.104
Bi-Sb ....2.105
Bi-Se ..... 2.105
Bi-Sm ...2.106
Bi-Sn ....2- 106
Bi-Sr .....2-106
Bi-Te .....2.107
Bi-TI .....2.107
Bi-U ......2.107
Bi-Y ......2.108
Bi-Yb ....2.108
Bi-Zn ....2.108
Bi-Zr .....2.lW
C-Co .....2.109
C-Cr ......2.109
..
.
C-Cu .....2.110
C-Fe ......2.1 I0
C-Hf ...... 2.1 11
C-La ...... 2.1 I1
C-Mn ....2.111
C-Mo ....2.112
C-Ni ......2.112
C-Pr ......2.1 12
C-Sc ......2.1 13
C-Si .........I13
C-Ta ......2 113
C-Th .....2.114
C-Ti ......2.1 14
C-U .......2-114
C-V .......2.1 15
C-W ........I15
C-Y .......2.1 15
C-Zr ......2.1 16
Ca-Cd ...2.116
Ca-Cu ...2.116
C a C a ...2.117
Ca-Ge ...20 117
Ca-Hg ...2.117
Ca-In .....2.118
Ca-Li .....2.118
Ca-Mg...2 118
Ca-Na .....I19
Ca-Nd ...2.119
Ca-Ni ....2.119
Ca-0 .... 2.120
Ca-Pb ... 2.120
Ca-Pd ... 2- 120
Ca-Pt .... 2-121
Ca-Sb ... 2.121
Ca-Si .... 2-12]
Ca-Sr .... 2.122
Ca-TI.... 2.122
Ca-Yb .. 2.122
Ca-Zu ... 2.123
Cd-Cu .. 2.123
Cd-Eu .. 2.123
Cd-Ga ..2- 124
C d G d .. 2.124
Cd-Ge .. 2.1 24
Cd-Hg .. 2.125
Cd-In .... 2- 125
25
Cd-La.....I
Cd-Li ... 2.126
Cd-Mg .2. 126
Cd-Na .. 2 I26
.
.
Cd-Ni ... 2.127
Cd-P ..... 2.127
Cd-Pb ... 2.127
Cd-Sb ... 2.128
Cd-Se ... 2.128
Cd.Sm .. 2 I28
Cd-Sn ... 2.129
Cd-Sr ...2.129
Cd-Te ... 2.129
Cd-Th ... 2-130
Cd-TI ... 2.130
Cd-Y ....2.130
Cd.Yb .. 2.131
Cd-Zn ...2.131
Ce-Co ... 2.131
Ce-Cu ... 2.132
Ce-Fe ... 2.132
C e c a ...2-1 33
Ce-Ge ... 2.133
Ce-In .... 2.133
Ce-Ir ..... 2.134
Ce-Mg .. 2.1 34
Ce.Mn .. 2.1 34
Ce-NI ... 20 135
Ce-0 .... 2.135
Ce-Pd ... 2-135
Ce-Pu ... 2.136
Ce-S ..... 2.136
Ce-Si .... 2-1 36
Ce-Sn ... 2.137
Ce-Te ... 2.137
Ce-Ti .... 2.137
Ce-TI .... 2.138
Ce-Zn ... 2.138
CI-Cs.... 2-138
CIGa ... 2.139
CI-Hg ... 2.139
CI-In .....2-1 39
CI-Na ... 2.140
C o C r ... 2.140
Co-Cu .. 2.140
C o D y ..2.141
Co-Er ... 2.141
Co-Fe ... 2.141
Cc-Ga .. 2.142
C o G d .. 2.142
C o G e .. 2.142
Cc-Hf.2.143
C o H o .. 2.143
Co-Mn . 2.143
C o M o.. 2 - 1 4
C o N b .. 2.144
Co-Nd .. 2.144
Cc-Ni ... 2.145
C o p ..... 2.145
Co-Pd ... 2.145
Cc-Pr .... 2 - 1 4
Cc-Pt .... 2.146
C o P u ... 2.146
C o R e ... 2.147
Cc-S ..... 2.147
Cc-Sb ... 2.147
C o S e ... 2.148
CoSi .... 2.148
Co.Sm .. 2. 148
CwSn ...2- 149
Co-Ta ... 2.149
C o T b... 2.149
Co-Te ... 2.150
C o T h ... 2.150
CoTi .... 2.150
Co-V ....2.151
Co-W ... 2.151
C o y .... 2.151
C o Z n ... 2.152
Cr-Cu ... 2.152
Cr-Fe .... 29 152
Cr-Ga ... 2.1 53
Cr-Ge ... 2.153
Cr-Hf .... 2.153
Cr-lr ..... 2.154
Cr-Lu ... 2.154
Cr-Mn .. 2- 154
Cr-Mo .. 2.155
Cr-Nb ... 2.155
Cr-Ni .... 2.155
Cr-0 ..... 2.156
Cr-0s ... 2.156
Cr-Pd .... 2.156
Cr-Pt ..... 2.1 57
Cr-Re ... 2.157
Cr-Rh ... 2.157
Cr-Ru ... 2.158
Cr-S ...... 2.158
Cr-Sb .... 2.158
Cr-Sc .... 2- 159
Cr-Se .... 2- 159
Cr-Si ..... 2- 160
Cr-Sn ....2.160
(continued)
2*2/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-Ta....2.160
Cr-Te....2.161
Cr-Ti ....2.161
Cr-U .....2-161
Cr-V .....2.162
Cr-W ....2.162
Cr-Zr ....2.162
Cs-Ge ...2.163
Cs-Hg...2.163
Cs-In ....2.163
Cs-K .....2.164
Cs-Na ...2.164
Cs-0 .....2.164
Cs-Rb...2.165
Cs-S .....2.165
Cs-Sb ...2.165
Cs-Se....2.166
Cs-Sn ...2.166
Cs-Te....2.166
Cs-TI ....2.167
Cu-Dy ..2.167
Cu-Er ...2.167
Cu-Eu...2.168
Cu-Fe ...2.168
Cu-Ga ..2.168
Cu-Gd ..2.169
Cu-Ge ..2.169
Cu-H ....2.169
Cu-Hf ...2.170
Cu-Hg ..2.1 70
Cu-In ....2-170
Cu-Ir.....2.171
Cu-La ...2.171
Cu-Li....2.171
Cu.Mg ..2- 172
Cu-Mx.2-172
Cu-Nb ..2.172
Cu-Nd ..2.173
Cu-Ni ...2.173
Cu-0 ....2.174
Cu-P .....2.174
Cu-Pb ...2.175
Cu-Pd ...2.175
Cu-Pt ....2.175
Cu-Pu ...2.176
Cu-Rh ..2.176
Cu-S .....2.176
Cu-Sb ...2.177
Cu-Se ...2.178
Cu-Si....2-178
Cu-Sn ...2.1 78
Cu-Sr....2.179
Cu-Te ...2- 179
Cu-Th ... 2.180
Cu-Ti ....2.1 SO
Cu-T1....2.181
Cu-V ....2-18]
Cu.Yb ..2.181
Cu-Zn ...2.182
Cu-Zr ...2.182
Dy-Fe ...2.182
Dy-Ga ..2.1 83
Dy-Ge ..2.183
Dy-In ....2.183
Dy-Mn .2.184
Dy-Ni ...2.184
Dy-Pb...2.184
Dy-Pd...2.185
Dy-S .....2.185
Dy-Sb...2.185
Dy-Sn...2.186
Dy-Te ...2.186
Dy-TI ...2.186
Dy-21 ...2.187
Er-Fe ....2.187
Er-Ga ...2.187
Er-Ge ...2.188
&-In .....2.188
Er.Mn ...2.188
Er-Ni ....2.189
Er-Pd ....2.189
-.
--
--
Er-Pt .....2.189
Er.Ru ....2-190
Er-Se ....2.190
Er-Te ....2-190
%.Ti .....2.191
&.TI .....2.191
EuGa ...2.191
EuGe ...2.192
Eu-In ....2.192
EwMg ..2.192
Eu-Pb ...2.193
Eu-Pd ...2.193
Eu-Pt ....2.193
Eu-Te....2.194
Fe-Ga ...2.194
Fe-Gd ...2.194
Fe-Ge ...2.195
Fe-H .....2.195
Fe-Hf ....2.195
Fe-Ho ...201%
Fe-Ir .....201%
Fe-La....2.1%
Fe-Lu....2.197
Fe-Mn ..2.197
Fe-Mo ..2.197
Fe-N .....2.198
Fe-Nb ...2- 198
Fe-Nd ...2.198
Fe-Ni ....2.199
Fe-0 ..... 2.199
Fe-P ......2.200
Fe-Pd ....2.200
Fe-Pu....2.200
Fe-Rh ...2.201
Fe-S ......2.201
Fe-Sb....2.202
Fe-Sc ....2.202
Fe-Se ....2.202
Fe-Si.....2-203
Fe-Sm...2.203
Fe-Sn ....2.203
Fe-Tb....2.204
Fe-Te ....2.204
Fe-Tb ...2.204
Fe-Ti.....2.205
Fe-Tm ..2.205
Fe-U .....2-205
Fe-V .....2.206
Fe-W ....2.206
Fe-Zn....2.206
Fe-Zr ....2.207
Ga-Gd ..2.207
Ga-Ho ..2.207
Ga-In ....2.208
Ga-La ...2.208
Ga-Li....2.208
Ga-Lu ...2.209
Ga.Mg ..2.209
Ga.Mn ..2.209
Ga.Mo ..2.2 10
Ga-Na...2.210
Ga-Nb ..2.210
Ga-Nd .. 2.211
Ga-Ni ...2.211
Ga-Pb ...2.211
Ga-Pd ...2.212
Ga-Pr ....2.212
Ga-F't ....2.212
Ga-Pu ...2.213
Ga-S .....2.213
Ga-Sb ...2.214
Ga-Sc ...2.214
Ga-Se ...2.2 14
Ga.Sm ..2.215
Ga-Sn ...2.2 15
Ga-Sr....2.215
Ga-Tb ...2.216
Ga-Te ...2.216
Ga-T1....2.216
Ga.Tm ..2.217
Ga-U ....2.217
Ga-V.....2.217
Ga-Y.....2.218
Ga-Yb...2.218
Ga-Zn...2.218
Ga-Zr....2.219
Gd-Ge...2.219
Gd-In ....2.219
Gd-Mg.2-220
Gd.Mn ..2.220
Gd-Ni ...2-220
Gd-Pb...2.221
Gd-Pd ...2.221
Gd-Rh...2.221
Gd-Sb ...2.222
Gd-Se ...2.222
Gd-Sn ...2.222
Gd-Te ...2.223
Gd-Ti ....20223
Gd.Tl ....2.223
Ge-Ho...2.224
Ge-In ....2.224
Ge-K.....2.224
Ge-La ...2.225
Ge-Li....2 - 2 3
Ge-Lu...2.225
Ge.Mg ..2.226
Ge-Mn ..2.226
Ge.Mo ..2.227
Ge-Na...2.227
Ge-Nb...2.227
Ge-Nd...2.228
Ge-Ni ...2.228
Ge-P .....2.228
Ge-Pb ...2.229
Ge-Pd ...2.229
Ge-Pr ....2.229
Ge-Pt ....2.230
Ge-S .....2.230
Ge-Sb ...2.230
Ge-Sc ...2.231
Ge-Se ...2.231
Ge-Si ....2.231
Ge-Sm ..2.232
Ge-Sn ...2.232
Ge-Sr ....2.232
Ge-Tb ...2.233
Ge-Te....2.233
Ge-Ti....2.233
Ge-TI....2.234
Ge-Tm,.2*234
Ge-U..... 2.234
Ge-Y.....2.235
Ge-Yb...2.235
Ge-Zn ...2.235
H-La .....2.236
H-Nb ....2.236
H-Nd ....2.237
H-Ni .....2.237
H-Pd .....2.237
H-Sr ......2.238
H-Ta .....2.238
H-Ti ......2.238
H-U ......2.239
H-V ......2.239
H-21 .....2.239
Hf-Ir .....2.240
Hf-Mn ..2.240
Hf-Mo ..2.240
Hf-N .....2.241
Hf-Nb ...2.241
Hf-Ni ....2.241
Hf-0 .....2.242
Hf-0s ...2.242
Hf-Rh ...2.242
Hf-Si.....2.243
Hf-Ta ....2.243
Hf-U .....2.243
Hf-V .....2.244
Hf-W ....2.244
Hf-Zr ....2.244
Hg-In ....2.245
HpK ....2.245
Hg-La ...2.245
Hg-Li ....2 - 2 4
Hg-Mg.2.246
Hg-Na...2.246
Hg-Pb ...2-247
Hg-Rb...2.247
Hg-S .....2.247
Hg-Se ...2 - 2 4
Hg-Sn ...2.248
Hg-Sr....2.248
Hg-Te ...2.249
Hg-TI ....2.249
Hg-Zn ...2.249
H oIn ....2.250
HoMn ..2.250
HoPd ...2.250
HoSb ...2.251
Ho-Te ...2-251
H oTl ....2.251
In-K ......2-252
In.La .....2.252
In-Li .....2.252
In-Lu ....2.253
In-Mg ...2.253
In-Mn ...2.253
In-Na ....2.254
In.Nb ....2.254
In-Nd ....2.254
h.Ni .....2.255
In-P.......2.255
In-Pb.....2.255
In.Pd .....2.256
In-PI .....2.256
h.Pt......2.256
In-Pu .....2.257
In-Rb ....2.257
In-S .......2.257
h.Sb .....2.258
In-Sc .....2-258
In.Se .....2.259
In& ......2.259
In-Sm....2.260
InSn .....2.260
In-Sr .....2.260
In-Tb ....2.261
In.Te .....2.261
In-Th ....2.261
In-Ti .....2.262
In-TI .....2.262
In-Tm ...2.262
In-V ......2.263
In-Y ......2.263
In.Yb ....2-263
In-Zn ....2.264
Ir-La .....2.264
Ir-Mo ....2.264
Ir.Nb .....2.265
Ir.Ni ......2.265
Ir-Pd .....2.265
Ir-Pt ......2.266
Ir.Rh .....2.266
IFRU.....2.266
Ir-Ta ......2.267
Ir-Th .....2.267
Ir-Ti ......2.267
Ir-U .......2.268
Ir-V .......2.268
lr-W ......2.268
lr-Zr ......2.269
K-Na .....2.269
K P b .....2.269
K-Rb .....2.270
K-S .......2.270
K-Sb .....2.270
K-Se .....2.271
K-Sn .....2.271
K-Te .....2.271
K-TI ......2.272
La-Mg ..2.272
La-Mn ..2.272
La-Ni ....2.273
La-Pb ....2.273
La-S ......2.273
La-Sb ....2.274
La-Sc ....2.274
La-Se ....2.274
La& ....2.275
La.Tl .....2.275
La.& ....2.275
Li-Mg ...2.276
Li-Na ....2.276
Li-Pb.....2.276
Li-Pd.....2.277
Li-S.......2.277
Li-Se.....2.277
Li-Si .....2.278
Li-Sn.....2-278
Li-Sr .....2.278
Li.Te .....2.279
Li-TI .....2.279
Li-Zn ....2.279
LuPb ....2.280
Lu-T1 ....2.280
Mg-Mn .2.280
Mg-Ni ...2.281
Mg-Pb...2.281
Mg-Sh ...2.281
Mg-Sc ...2.282
Mg-Si ...2.282
Mg-Sm .2.282
Mg-Sn ...2.283
Mg-Sr ...2.283
Mg-Th ..2.283
Mg-T1 ...2.284
Mg-Y ....2.284
Mg.Yb ..2.284
Mg-Zn ..2.285
Mg-Zr ...2-285
Mn-Mo .20285
Mn.N ....2.286
Mn.Nd ..2.286
Mn-Ni ...2.286
Mn.0 ....2.287
Mn.P .....2.287
Mn.Pd ...2.287
Mn-Pr ...2.288
Mn.Pu ...2.288
Mn.Sb ...2.288
MwSi ...2.289
Mn-Sm .2.289
Mn.Sn ...2.289
Mn-Ti ...2.290
Mn.U ....2.290
Mn.V ....2.290
Mn-Y ....2.291
Mn-Zn ..2.291
Mn-Zr ...2.291
Mo-N ....2.292
Mo.Nb ..2.292
Mo-Ni ...2.292
Mo-0 ....2-293
Mo-0s ..2.293
Mo-P.....2.293
MO-Pd...2.2%
Mo-F't ...2.294
MoPu ...2.294
MoRh ..2.295
MoRu ..2.295
Mo-S.....2.295
Mo-Si ...2.2%
Mo-Ta ...2.2%
Mo-Ti ...202%
Mo-U ....2.297
Mo-V ....2 - 2 9
Mo-W ...2.297
Mo-Zr ...2.298
N-Nb .....2.298
N-Ni .....2.298
N-Ta ......2-299
N-Th .....2.299
N-Ti ......2.299
N-U ...... 2.300
N-Zr .....2.300
Na-0 .... 2.300
Na-Pb... 2-301
Na-Rb .. 2-301
Na-S.....2.301
Na-Sb... 2.302
Na-Se ...2.302
Na-Sn... 2.302
Na-Sr ... 2.303
Na-Te ...2.303
Na-TI ...2.303
NbNi ...2.304
NbOs ..2.304
NbPd ..2.304
NbPt ... 2.305
NbRh ..2.305
NbRu .. 2-305
NbSi ... 2.306
NbTa ...2.306
N b n ..2.306
NbTi ... 2.307
NbU .... 2.307
NbV.. .. 2.307
Nb-W ...2.308
NbZr ... 2.308
Nd-Ni ...2.308
Nd-Pt ...2.309
Nd-Rh ..2.309
Nd-Sb .. 2.309
Nd-Si ...2.3 10
Nd-Sn ..2.3 10
Nd-Te ...2.3 10
Nd-Ti ....2.3 11
Nd-Ti ....2.3 11
Nd-Zn ...2.311
Ni-0 .....2.312
Ni-0s ...2.312
Ni-P .....2.313
Ni-Pb ...2.313
Ni-Pd ... 2.3 14
N i A .... 2.314
Ni-Pt ....2.314
Ni-Pu ...2.315
Ni-Re ...2.315
Ni-Rh ...2.316
NiRu ... 2.3 16
Ni-S .....2.3 16
Ni-Sb ...2.317
Ni-Sc.... 2.317
Ni-Se....2.317
Ni-Si .... 2.318
Ni-Sm ..2.3 18
Ni-Sn ... 2-3 18
Ni-Ta....2.319
Ni-Te....2.319
Ni-Ti ....2.3 19
Ni-U .....2.320
Ni-V .....2.324l
Ni-W ....2.320
Ni-Y .....2.321
Ni-Yb...2.321
Ni-Zn ... 2.321
Ni-Zr ....2.322
NpPu ..2.322
NpU .... 2.322
O-Pb ....2.323
O-Pr .....2.323
O-Pu .... 2.323
O-Sn .... 2.324
O-Ti .....2.324
O-V ...... 2.325
O-W..... 2.325
O-Y......2.326
O-Zr.....2.326
Os-Pt ....2.326
Os-Pu ...2.327
Os-Re...2-327
Os-Rh ..2.327
Os-Ru .. 2.328
Os-Si .... 2.328
Os-Ti .... 2.328
Os-U ....2.329
Os-V .... 2.329
Os-W ...2.329
Os-Zr ..2.330
P-Pd ..... 2.330
P-PI ......2.330
P-Ru .....2.331
P-Sn .....2.331
P-Ti ......2.331
P-Zn .....2.332
PbPd ...2.332
PbPr ...2.332
P bPt .... 2.333
Pb-Pu ...2.333
PbRb ...2.333
PbRh ...2.334
PbS .....2.334
PbSb ... 2.334
PbSe .. 2.335
PbSn ...2.335
Pt-Sr .... 2.335
Pb-Te....2-336
Pb-TI .... 2.336
PbY .....2.336
PbYb...2.337
Pb-Zn ...2-337
Pd-Pt ....2.337
Pd-Pu ...2.338
Pd-Rh...2.338
Pd-Ru ...2.338
Pd-S .....2.339
Pd-Sb ... 2.339
Pd-Se ... 2.339
Pd-Si ....2.340
Pd-Sm ..2-340
Pd-Sn ...2.340
Pd-Te....2.341
P ~ - T....
I 2.341
Pd-TI ....2.342
Pd-U ..... 2.342
Pd-V .....2.342
Pd-W ....2.343
Pd-Y.....2.343
Pd-Yb...2.343
Pd-Zn ...2.344
Pr4b ....2.344
Pr-Se .... 2.344
Pr-Si ..... 2.345
Pr.Sn ....2.345
Pr-Te ....2.345
Pr.T1 .....2.346
Pr.Zn ....2.346
Pt-Rh .... 2.34
Pt-Si .....2-347
Pt-Sn .... 2.347
Pt-Te .... 2.347
Pt-Ti .....2.348
F't-TI .....2 - 3 4
Pt-U .....2 - 3 4
Pt-V ..... 2.349
Pt.Zr .....2.349
Pu-Sc ... 2.349
Pu-U.....2.350
Pu-Zn ...2-350
Pu-Zr....2.350
Rb-Sb...2-351
RbSe ...2.351
RbTl ... 2.351
Re-Ru...2.352
Re-Si .... 2.352
Re-Te ...2.352
Re-U ....2.353
Re-V ....2.353
Rh-Se ...2.353
Rh-Ta ...2.354
Rh-Ti ....2.354
Rh-U ....2.354
Rh-V .... 2.355
Ru-Si .... 2.355
Ru-Ta ...2-355
Ru-Ti ....2.356
Ru-U .... 2.356
Ru-V .... 2.356
S-Se......2.357
S-Sn .....2.357
S-Te......2.358
S-Ti ......2.358
SbSe.... 2.358
SbSi ....2.359
SbSm ..2.359
SbSn ...2.359
SbSr ....2.360
SbTb ...2.360
SbTe....2.360
S bTI ....2.361
SbU .....2.361
SbY .....2.361
SbZn ...2.362
Sc-Ti ....20362
Sc-Y .....2.362
Sc-Zr ....2.363
Se-Sn....2.363
Se-Sr ....2.363
Se-Te....2.364
Se-TI ....2.364
Se-Tm ..2.364
Se-U.....2.365
Si-Sn .... 2.365
Si-Sr.....2.365
Si-Ta.....2.366
Si-Te.....2.366
Si-Th....2.366
Si-Ti .....2.367
Si-U ...... 2.367
Si-V ...... 2.367
Si-Zn ....2.368
S i 5.....2.368
Sm-Sn ..2.368
s m - n...2.369
Sm-Zn ..2.369
Sn-Zr ....2.369
Sn-Te....2.370
Sn-Ti .... 2.370
Sn-Tl .... 2.370
Sn-U.....2.371
Sn-Y.....2.371
Sn-Yb...2.371
Sn-Zn ...2.372
Sn-Zs....2.372
Sr-Te ....2.372
Sr-TI.....2.373
Sr-Zn....2.373
Ta-Tb ...2.373
Ta-Ti ....2.374
Ta-U .....2.374
Ta-V .....2.374
Ta-W ....2.375
Ta-Zr ....2.375
Tb-T1....2.375
Te-TI .... 2.376
Te-U .....2.376
Te-Yb ...2.376
Te-Zn ...2.377
l b T i ....2.377
Th.TI ....2.377
n.Zn ...2.378
TbZr....2.378
TI-U .....2.378
Ti-V .....2.379
l3.W ..... 2.379
Ti-Y ..... 2.379
m-Zr.....2.380
Tl-Yb ...2.380
TI.Zn ....2.380
U-Zr .....2.381
V-W ..... 2.381
V-Zr...... 2.381
W-Zr ....2.382
Y-Zn .....2.382
Y-Zr......2.382
YbZn ..2.383
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramd2.3
Introduction to Binary Alloy Phase
Diagrams
Because this Handbook is designed to be used
THE 1046 BINARY SYSTEMS presented in
this Section have been selected for their comrner- mainly by engineers to solve industrial problems,
cia1 importance from the almost 3000 systems the primary composition scale is plotted in weight
covered inBinaryAlloy Phase Diagrams, Second percent. Atomic percentages are shown as a secEdition. The diagrams used were reproduced ondary scale at the top of the diagrams. Converfrom that compilation, from more recent evalu- sions between weight and atomic composition
ations, or, in some instances, updated evaluations also can be made using the standard atomic
based on the most recent literature. The source is weights listed in the Appendix. For the sake of
indicated with each phase diagram. "Unpub- clarity, grid lines are not superimposed on the
lished" indicates the source is a complete evalu- phase diagrams. However, tick marks are proation that has not yet been published in the Jour- vided along the composition scale as well as the
nal of Phase Equilibria or in a monograph. The temperature scale, which is shown in degrees
crystal structure data shown with the diagrams Celsius. Celsius temperatures can be easily conhave been updated in some instances with infor- vened to degrees Fahrenheit using the table in the
mation from Pearson's Handbook of Crystal- Appendix. Magnetic transitions (Curie temperalographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, Second ture and N&l temperature) are shown as dotdashed lines. Dashed lines are used to denote
Edition.
Except when the information for a system is uncertain or speculative boundaries.
All diagrams presented in this Section of the
from one of the General References listed in the
following pages, the specific author of the infor- Handbook are for stable equilibrium conditions,
mation is listed as the source, along with the year except where metastable conditions are indicated.
the investigation was completed. To locate the
author's complete investigation of a system, con- Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Index
sult the Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Index in
this Section, which lists source information for all
This index gives source information for all 2965
2965 binary alloy systems for which data exist.
binary alloy systems. Column 2 designates all
binary abstracts published in Binary Alloy Phase
Diagrams, Second Edition (called "M2") and
indicates if information for the system has been
updated in the Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Updating Service by listing the update year. Abstracts are a shortened version of the full evaluation giving concise descriptions of key features
of the system, crystal structure data, primary references, and the equilibrium diagram, if any. Column 3 gives the source of the original abstract or
the most recent full evaluation. Full evaluations
include expanded information on the phase diagram, and any lattice parameter, thermodynamic,
magnetism, and pressure information and ancillary figures available. A key to abbreviated titles
of Alloy Phase Diagram Program source publications and General References used in column 3
precede the index. Systems marked "unpublished" have been submitted to the Alloy Phase
Diagram Program, but have not yet been published. References to sources that are non-Alloy
Phase Diagram publications follow the index.
Column 4 indicates whether the evaluation includes a phase diagram (D) or is text only (T).
Diagrams for systems marked by an asterisk are
published in this handbook.
2.41Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
,General References
The following list of references has provided the foundation of much of the phase diagram data that is currently cited in the literature. To conserve
space, these references will be cited by their general reference symbol in the index.
[Brandes]: E.A. Brandes and R.F. Flint, Ed.,
Manganese Phase Diagrams, The Manganese
Centre, 17 Avenue Hoche, 75008 Paris, France
(1980).
[Chiotti]: P. Chiotti, V.V. Akhachinskij, and I.
Ansara, The Chemical Thermodynamics of Actinide Elements and Compounds, Part 5: The Actinide Binary Alloys, V. Medvedev, M.H. Rand,
E.F. Westrum, Jr., and EL. Oetting, Ed., International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (198 l).
[Elliott]: R.P. Elliott, Constitution of Binary
Alloys, First Supplement, McGraw-Hill, New
York or General Electric Co., Business Growth
Services, Schenectady, New York (1965).
[Hafnium]: P.J. Spencer, 0. von Goldbeck, R.
Ferro, R. Marazza, K. Gugis, and 0 .
Kubaschewski, Hafnium: Physico-Chemical
Properties of Its Compounds and Alloys, K.L.
Komerek, Ed., Atomic Energy Review Special
Issue No. 8, International Atomic Energy Agency,
Vienna (1981).
[Hansen]: M. Hansen and K. Anderko, Constitution of Binary Alloys, McGraw-Hill, New York
or General Electric Co., Business Growth Services, Schenectady, New York (1958).
[Hultgren, B]: R. Hultgren, P.D. Desai, D.T.
Hawkins, M. Gleiser, and K.K. Kelley, Selected
Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Alloys, American Society for Metals, Metals
Park, Ohio (1973).
[Ivanov]: O.S. Ivanov, T.A. Badaeva, R.M.
Sofronova, V.B. Kishenevskii, and N.P. Kushnir,
Phase Diagrams of Uranium Alloys, Nauka,
Moscow (1972).
[Kubaschewski]: 0 . Kubaschewski, Iron-Binary Phase Diagrams, Springer-Verlag, New
York (1982).
[Metals]: Metals Handbook, Metallography,
Structures and Phase Diagrams, Vol. 8, 8th ed.,
American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH
(1973).
[Moffatt]: W.G. Moffatt, Ed., Handbook of Binary Phase Diagrams, Business Growth S e n ices, General Electric Co., Schenectady, NY
(1976).
' [~oiybdenum]: L. Brewer, Molybdenum:
Physico-Chemical Properties of Its Compounds
and Alloys, 0. Kubaschewski, Ed., Atomic Energy Review Special Issue No. 7, International
Atomic Energy Agency, Wenna (1980).
[Pearson3]: l? Villars and L.D. Calvert, Pearson's Handbook of Crystallographic Data for
Intermetallic Phases, Vol. 1, 2, and 3, American
Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH (1985).
[Pearsonrl]: P. Villars and L.D. Calvert, Pearson's Handbook of Crystallographic Data for
Intermetallic Phases, 2nd ed.,Vol. 1,2,3, and 4,
ASM International, Materials Park, OH (1991).
[Plutonium]: M.H. Rand, D.T. Livey, P.
Feschotte, H. Nowotny, K. Seifert, and R. Ferro,
Plutonium: Physico-Chemical Properties of Its
Compound and Alloys, 0. Kubaschewski, Ed.,
Atomic Energy Review Special Issues No. 1,
International Atomic ~ n e r g yAgency, Vienna
(1966).
hunk]: F.A. Shunk, Constitution of Binary
Alloys, Second Supplement, McGraw-Hill, New
York or General Electric Co., Business Growth
Services, Schenectady, New York (1969).
[Smith]: J.F. Smith, O.N. Carlson, D.T. Peterson, and T.E. Scott, Thorium: Preparation and
Properties, Iowa State University Press, Ames,
IA (1975).
[Smithells]: C.J. Smithells and E.A. Brandes,
Metals Reference Book, 5th ed., Butterworth,
Woburn, MA (1976).
[Thorium]: M.H. Rand, 0. von Goldbeck, R.
Ferro, K. Girgis, and A.L. Dragoo, Thorium:
Physico-Chemical Properties of Its Compounds
and Alloys, 0. Kubaschewski, Ed., Atomic Energy Review Special Issue No. 5, International
Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (1975).
[Zirconium]: C.B. Alcock, K.T. Jacob, S.
Zador, 0 . von Goldbeck, H. Nowomy, K. Seifert,
and 0. Kubaschewski, Zirconium: PhysicoChemical Properties of Its Compound and Alloys, 0. Kubaschewski, Ed., Atomic Energy Review Special Issue No. 6, International Atomic
Energy Agency, Vienna (1976).
Key to Titles
Key to titles of Alloy Phase Diagram Publications abbreviated under "Published' and "Data Source" :
BAPD
Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams
ASM International
Binary Beryllium
Phase Diagrams of Binary Beryllium Alloys
ASM International, 1987
Binary Gold
Phase Diagrams of Binary Gold Alloys
ASM International, 1988
Binary Iron
Phase Diagrams of Binary Iron Alloys
ASM International, 1993
Binary Magnesium
Phase Diagrams of Binary Magnesium
Alloys
ASM International, 1988
Binary Nickel
Phase Diagrams of Binary Nickel Alloys
ASM International, 1991
Binary Titanium
Phase Diagrams of Binary Titanium Alloys
ASM International, 1987
Binary lhngsten
Phase Diagrams of Binary Tungsten Alloys
The Indian Institute of Metals, 1991
Binary Vanadium
Phase Diagrams of Binary VanadiumAlloys
ASM International, 1989
Indium
Phase Diagrams of Indium Alloys and Their
Engineering Applications
ASM International, 1992
JAPD
Journal of Alloy Phase Diagrams
The Indian Institute of Metals
JPE
Journal of Phase Equilibria
ASM International
M2
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd edition
ASM International, 1990
91
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Updating
Service
ASM International, Dec. 1991
92
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams Updating
Service
ASM International, July and Dec. 1992
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*5
Binary Alloys Index
System
Ac-Ag
Ac-Au
Ac-B
Ac-Cr
Ac-CU
Ac-H
Ac-Mg
Ac-MO
Ac-0
Ac-Pt
Ac-S
Ac-W
Published
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Ag-A1
Ag-Am
Ag-Ar
*Ag-AS
Ag-At
*Ag-AU
Ag-B
Ag-Ba
*Ag-Be
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2,92
M2
*Ag-Bi
Ag-Br
Ag-C
*Ag-Ca
*Ag-Cd
*Ag-Ce
Ag-CI
*Ag-CO
Ag-Cr
Ag-Cs
*Ag-CU
*Ag-Dy
*Ag-Er
*Ag-EU
Ag-F
*Ag-Fe
Ag-Fr
*Ag-Ga
*Ag-Gd
*Ag-Ge
Ag-H
Ag-He
Ag-Hf
*Ag-Hg
*Ag-Ho
Ag-I
*Ag-In
Ag-Ir
Ag-K
Ag-Kr
*Ag-La
*Ag-Li
Ag-Lu
*Ag-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ag-Mn
M2
Data
source
Unpublished
Binary Gold
M2
BAPD 6(5)
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
BAPD lO(4a)
M2
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 8(6)
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(2)
Unpublished
Binary Gold
BAPD 1l(6)
Unpublished
Binary
Beryllium
BAPD l(2)
M2
BAPD 9(3)
BAPD 9(3)
[Hansen]
BAPD 6(S)
M2
BAPD 7(3)
BAPD 1l(3)
BAPD 7(3)
Unpublished
BAPD 6(1)
BAPD 6(1)
BAPD 6(1)
M2
Binary Iron
Unpublished
JPE 13(3)
BAPD 6(2)
BAPD 9(1)
JPE 12(6)
Unpublished
BAPD 10(2)
Unpublished
BAPD 6(2)
M2
Indium
BAPD 7(4)
BAPD 7(3)
Unpublished
BAPD 4(4)
BAPD 7(3)
BAPD 4(4)
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 1l(5)
Data
type
System
Published
*Ag-MO
Ag-N
*Ag-Na
Ag-Nb
*Ag-Nd
Ag-Ne
*Ag-Ni
Ag-Np
Ag-0
Ag-0s
*Ag-P
Ag-Pa
*Ag-Pb
*Ag-Pd
Ag-Pm
Ag-PO
*Ag-Pr
*Ag-Pt
Ag-Pu
Ag-Ra
Ag-Rb
Ag-Re
Ag-Rh
Ag-Rn
Ag-Ru
*Ag-S
*Ag-Sb
*Ag-SC
*Ag-Se
*Ag-Si
*Ag-Sm
*Ag-Sn
*Ag-Sr
Ag-Ta
Ag-Tb
Ag-TC
*Ag-Te
Ag-Th
*Ag-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
*Ag-TI
Ag-Tm
Ag-U
Ag-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ag-Xe
*Ag-Y
*Ag-Yb
*Ag-Zn
*Ag-Zr
Al-Am
*ALAS
*Al-AU
A1-B
*A1-Ba
*Al-Be
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2.92
M2
Data
source
BAPD 1l(6)
BAPD 1l(5)
BAPD 7(2)
BAPD 1 q 6 )
BAPD 6(1)
Unpublished
Binary Nickel
M2
JPE 13(2)
BAPD 7(4)
BAPD 9(3)
M2
BAPD 8(4)
BAPD 9(3)
M2
M2
BAPD 6( 1)
BAPD 8(4)
[70Woo]
Unpublished
BAPD 7(1)
BAPD 9(3)
BAPD 7(4)
Unpublished
BAPD 7(4)
BAPD 7(3)
[Hansen]
BAPD 4(4)
BAPD 1l(3)
BAPD 1O(6)
BAPD 6(2)
BAPD 8(4)
BAPD 1l(2)
BAPD 9(3)
BAPD 6(2)
Unpublished
JPE 12(1)
JPE 12(3)
Binary
Titanium
BAPD lO(6)
M2
BAPD 10(6)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Unpublished
BAPD 4(4)
BAPD 6(2)
[40And J
JPE 13(2)
BAPD lO(3)
BAPD S(6)
BAPD 8(2)
BAPD 1 l(6)
BAPD 2(3)
Binary
Beryllium
Data
type
System
Published
*AI-Bi
A1-Br
A1-C
*AI-Ca
"AI-Cd
*Al-Ce
A1-CI
A1-Cm
*A]-CO
*A1-Cr
A1-Cs
*Al-Cu
A1-Dy
*Al-Er
AI-EU
AI-F
*A1-Fe
*Al-Ga
*A1-Gd
*AI-Ge
*A1-H
AI-Hf
*Al-Hg
*A1-HO
Al-I
*AI-In
AI-Ir
Al-K
*Al-La
*AI-Li
A1-LU
*A1-Mg
M2
No Data
M2,91,92
M2
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
*A1-Mn
AI-MO
A1-N
AI-Na
*A1-Nb
*Al-Nd
*Al-Ni
AI-Np
Al-0
Al-0s
A1-P
*Al-Pb
*A1-Pd
AI-Pm
*A1-Pr
*AI-Pt
A1-PU
AI-Rb
A1-Re
Al-Rh
A1-Ru
*AIM
"A1-Sb
Al-SC
*A1-Se
*AI-Si
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
tYPe
BAPD S(3)
M2
BAPD 9(6)
BAPD 3(2)
BAPD 9(6)
BAPD 1O(6)
Unpublished
Unpublished
[8SMur]
M2
BAPD 9(6)
M2
Binary Iron
BAPD 4(2)
BAPD 9(6)
BAPD 5(4)
JPE 13(1)
Unpublished
BAPD 6(3)
BAPD 9(6)
Indium
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 9(6)
BAPD 3(2)
M2
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 8(5)
Unpublished
BAPD 7(4)
BAPD 4(4)
Unpublished
BAPD 10( 1 )
Binary Nickel
BAPD lO(2)
BAPD 6(6)
Unpublished
BAPD 6(3)
BAPD S(1)
BAPD 7(4)
M2
BAPD lO(1)
BAPD 7(1)
BAPD 1O(4a)
Unpublished
Unpublished
M2
M2
BAPD 8(2)
BAPD S(5)
BAPD lO(1)
BAPD lO(6)
BAPD 5(1)
(continued)
2*6/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Published
Al-Sm
*A1-Sn
*Al-Sr
*A]-Ta
AI-Tb
Al-TC
*A]-Te
*Al-Th
*Al-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
AI-TI
AI-Tm
*A]-U
*ALV
M2,92
M2
M2,91
M2
*Al-W
M2
*Al-Y
*Al-Yb
*Al-Zn
*A]-Zr
Am-As
Am-B
Am-Be
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
Am-Bi
Am-C
Am-Co
Am-Cr
Am-Cu
Am-Fe
Am-H
Am-Ir
Am-Mo
Am-N
Am-Ni
Am-0
Am-0s
Am-P
Am-Pd
Am-Pt
Am-Pu
Am-Rh
Am-Ru
Am-S
Am-Sb
Am-Se
Am-Si
Am-Te
Am-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ar- Au
Ar-Be
M2
M2
Ar-Cu
Ar-Mg
M2
M2
Ar-Mo
Ar-W
M2
*AS-AU
AS-B
As-Ba
As-Be
M2
M2
M2
M2
*As-Bi
AS-Bk
As-Br
As-C
As-Ca
*AS-Cd
As-Ce
AS-Cf
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
BAPD lO(1)
BAPD 4(4)
BAPD 1O(6)
Unpublished
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(2)
BAPD 1O(4a)
Binary
Titanium
BAPD 1 q 2 )
M2
BAPD ll(1)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD lO(1)
BAPD 1 q 1 )
BAPD 4(1)
JPE 13(3)
M2
M2
Binary
Beryllium
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 6(5)
M2
M2
M2
M2
[Molybdenum]
M2
Binary Nickel
[Elliott]
M2
M2
M2
BAPD lO(2)
[66Ell]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
Binary Gold
Binary
Beryllium
Unpublished
Binary
Magnesium
[Molybdenum]
Binary
Tungsten
Binary Gold
M2
M2
Binary
Beryllium
[53Gea]
M2
M2
M2
JPE 13(2)
BAPD 7(3)
M2
Data
tv~e
System
Published
AS-CI
As-Cm
*AS-CO
As-Cr
AS-CS
*AS-CU
AS-Dy
As-Er
AS-EU
AS-F
*As-Fe
*As-Ga
AS-Gd
*As-Ge
AS-H
AS-Hf
AS-Hg
As-Ho
AS-I
*As-In
As-Ir
*AS-K
As-La
As-Li
AS-Lu
AS-Mg
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*As-Mn
AS-MO
AS-N
As-Na
AS-Nb
*AS-Nd
*As-Ni
AS-Np
AS-0
AS-0s
*ASP
As-Pa
*AS-Pb
*AS-Pd
As-Pm
As-Pr
AS-Pt
AS-Pu
AS-Rb
As-Re
AS-Rh
AS-RU
*As3
*AS-Sb
As-SC
*As-Se
*As-Si
As-Sm
*As-Sn
As-Sr
As-Ta
AS-Tb
AS-Tc
*As-Te
AS-Th
As-Ti
*AS-TI
As-Tm
AS-U
As-V
AS-W
AS-Y
*As-Yb
*As-Zn
Data
source
M2
BAPD 1l(6)
BAPD 1l(5)
M2
BAPD 9(5)
M2
M2
BAPD 7(3)
Binary Iron
M2
BAPD 7(4)
BAPD 6(3)
M2
M2
M2
M2
Indium
M2
[61Dorl]
BAPD 7(4)
M2
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
BAPD lO(5)
M2.91
[Molybdenum]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 7(4)
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
JPE 12(3)
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(2)
M2.91.92 BAPD I I(5)
BAPD 7(4)
BAPD 1l(5)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 7(4)
M2
BAPD 6(3)
M2
BAPD 1l(3)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[Smith]
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
M2
JPE 12(4)
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 7(4)
M2
JPE 13(2)
Data
type
System
Published
Au-B
Au-Ba
*Au-Be
M2
M2
M2
*Au-Bi
Au-Br
Au-C
*Au-Ca
*Au-Cd
*Au-Ce
Au-CI
Au-Cm
*Au-CO
*Au-Cr
Au-CS
*Au-CU
*Au-Dy
Au-Er
*Au-EU
Au-F
*Au-Fe
Au-Fr
*Au-Ga
Au-Gd
*Au-Ge
Au-H
Au-He
Au-Hf
*Au-Hg
Au-Ho
Au-I
*Au-In
Au-Ir
*Au-K
Au-Kr
*Au-La
*Au-Li
Au-Lu
*Au-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Au-Mn
Au-MO
Au-N
*Au-Na
*Au-Nb
Au-Nd
Au-Ne
*Au-Ni
Au-Np
Au-0
Au-0s
Au-P
Au-Pa
*Au-Pb
*Au-Pd
Au-Pm
Au-PO
*Au-PI
*Au-Pt
*Au-PU
Au-Ra
*Au-Rb
Au-Re
Au-Rh
Au-Rn
Au-RU
Au-S
*Au-Sb
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
type
BAPD 1l(6)
Binary Gold
M2
Binary
Tungsten
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary
Beryllium
M2
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
M2
Binary Gold
Binary Iron
[68Gull]
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
BAPD 1 q 1 )
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Indium
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary
Magnesium
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
(continued)
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams1207
System
Published
Au-SC
*Au-Se
*Au-Si
Au-Sm
*Au-Sn
*Au-Sr
Au-Ta
Au-Tb
Au-TC
*Au-Te
*Au-Th
*Au-Ti
*Au-TI
Au-Tm
*Au-U
*Au-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Au-W
M2
Au-Xe
Au-Y
*Au-Yb
*Au-Zn
*Au-Zr
B-Ba
B-Be
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
B-Bi
*B-C
B-Ca
B-Cd
B-Ce
B-Cm
*B-Co
*B-Cr
B-CS
*B-CU
B-Dy
B -Er
B-Eu
*B-Fe
B-Ga
B-Gd
B-Ge
B-H
B-Hf
B-Hg
B-HO
B -In
B-Ir
B-K
B-La
B-Li
B-Lu
B-Mg
M2,91
M2.92
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
*B-Mn
*B-Mo
B -N
B-Na
*B-Nb
B-Nd
*B-Ni
B-Np
B-0
B-0s
B-P
B-Pa
B-Pb
*B-Pd
B-Pm
B-Pr
*B-Pt
M2,91
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
type
System
Published
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
Binary Gold
BAPD lO(1)
Binary Gold
M2
Binary
Beryllium
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
Unpublished
B-PU
B-Rb
*B-Re
B-Rh
*B-RU
B-S
B-Sb
*B-Sc
B-Se
*B-Si
B-Sm
B-Sn
B-Sr
*B-Ta
B-Tb
B-TC
B -Te
B-Th
*B-Ti
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
B-TI
B-Tm
B-U
*B-V
M2,91
M2
M2
M2.91
*B-W
M2,92
*B-Y
B-Yb
B-Zn
*B-Zr
Ba-Be
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2,91
BAPD 9(4)
BAPD 7(3)
Ba-Bi
Ba-Br
Ba-C
*Ba-Ca
*Ba-Cd
Ba-Ce
Ba-CI
Ba-Crn
Ba-Co
Ba-Cr
Ba-Cs
*Ba-Cu
Ba-Dy
Ba-Er
Ba-Eu
Ba-F
B a-Fe
*Ba-Ga
Ba-Gd
*Ba-Ge
*Ba-H
Ba-Hf
*Ba-Hg
Ba-Ho
Ba-I
*Ba-In
Ba-Ir
Ba-K
Ba-La
*Ba-Li
Ba-Lu
*Ba-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ba-Mn
Ba-Mo
Ba-N
*Ba-Na
Ba-Nb
Ba-Nd
Ba-Ni
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
BAPD 3(1)
Unpublished
Unpublished
Unpublished
Binary Iron
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 5(5)
M2
M2
Unpublished
Unpublished
Indium
M2
M2
Unpublished
BAPD lO(3)
Unpublished
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 7(6)
BAPD 9(4)
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
Unpublished
Unpublished
M2
Data
source
Unpublished
[72Por]
[Moffatt]
[630br]
[Moffatt]
M2
BAPD 1l(4)
[69Bor]
BAPD 5(5)
Unpublished
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(4)
M2
[Moffatt]
Binary
Titanium
M2
Unpublished
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Unpublished
Unpublished
M2
[Zirconium]
Binary
Bery llium
[38Gru]
M2
M2
BAPD 7(4)
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 6(3)
BAPD 5(5)
BAPD 5(6)
M2
M2
BAPD 9(3)
M2
M2
JPE 12(5)
M2
M2
[60Pet 1]
Data
type
System
Published
Ba-Np
Ba-0
Ba-0s
*Ba-P
*Ba-Pb
Ba-Pd
Ba-Pm
Ba-Po
Ba-Pr
Ba-Pt
Ba-Pu
Ba-Rb
Ba-Re
Ba-Rh
Ba-Ru
Ba-S
Ba-Sb
Ba-Sc
*Ba-Se
*Ba-Si
Ba-Sm
Ba-Sn
Ba-Sr
Ba-Ta
Ba-Tb
Ba-Tc
*Ba-Te
Ba-Th
Ba-Ti
No Data
M2
NoData
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
No Data
M2
NoData
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2,91
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
*Ba-TI
Ba-Tm
Ba-U
Ba-V
M2
M2
NoData
M2
Ba-Y
Ba-Yb
*Ba-Zn
Ba-Zr
Be-Bi
M2
M2,91
M2
No Data
M2
Be-Br
M2
Be-Ca
M2,91
Be-Cd
M2
Be-Ce
M2
M2
M2
M2
Indium
Be-Cm
M2
BAPD 5(5)
M2
BAPD 5(5)
M2
Binary
Magnesium
[640bi I]
M2
M2
BAPD 6(1)
Be-Cs
M2
BAPD 9(3)
Binary Nickel
*Be-Cu
Be-Dy
M2,92
M2
Be-Er
M2
Be-Eu
M2
Data
source
M2
M2
[Hansen]
JPE 12(4)
M2
M2
BAPD 9(3)
JPE 12(4)
M2
BAPD 5(5)
M2
M2
M2
M2
JPE 12(4)
[64Obi2]
BAPD 9(3)
M2
BAPD 8(6)
M2
Unpublished
Binary
Titanium
[66Bru]
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M3
BAPD 9(3)
JPE 12(4)
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
BAPD 9(5)
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
BAPD 8(3)
Binary
Bery llium
Binary
Bery llium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary Iron
Data
type
208/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Be-Ga
Be-Gd
Be-Ge
Be-H
*Be-Hf
Be-Hg
Be-Ho
Be-I
Be-In
Be-Ir
Be-K
Be-La
Be-Li
Be-Lu
Be-Mg
Be-Mn
Be-Mo
Be-N
Be-Na
*Be-Nb
Be-Nd
*Be-Ni
Be-Np
Be-0
Be-0s
Be-P
Be-Pa
Be-Pb
*Be-Pd
Be-Pm
Be-Po
Be-Pr
Be-Pt
Be-Pu
Be-Rb
Be-Re
Be-Rh
Be-Ru
Published
Data
source
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Indium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary Nickel
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
M2
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Data
type
System
Published
Be-S
M2
Be-Sb
M2
Be-Sc
M2
Be-Se
M2
*Be-Si
M2
Be-Sm
M2
Be-Sn
M2
Be-Sr
M2
Be-Ta
M2
Be-Tb
M2
Be-Tc
M2
Be-Te
M2
*Be-Th
M2
*Be-Ti
M2
Be-TI
Be-Tm
No Data
M2
Be-U
M2
Be-V
M2
*Be-W
M2
Be-Y
M2
Be-Yb
M2
Be-Zn
M2
*Be-Zr
M2
Bi-Br
Bi-C
*Bi-Ca
*Bi-Cd
Bi-Ce
Bi-C1
Bi-Cm
Bi-Co
Bi-Cr
*Bi-Cs
*Bi-Cu
Bi-Dy
Bi-Er
Bi-Eu
Bi-Fe
*Bi-Ga
Bi-Gd
*Bi-Ge
Bi-H
Bi-Hf
*Bi-Hg
Bi-Ho
Bi-I
*Bi-In
Bi-Ir
*Bi-K
*Bi-La
*Bi-Li
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
Binary
Beryllium
M2
Unpublished
M2
BAPD 9(4)
BAPD 9(4)
M2
M2
JPE 12(3)
BAPD 9(3)
JPE 12(4)
BAPD S(2)
BAPD lO(4a)
M2
BAPD 10(4a)
Binary Iron
M2
BAPD lO(4a)
BAPD 7(6)
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
Indium
M2
JPE 12 (1)
BAPD 1O(4a)
JPE 12(4)
Data
tvoe
System
Published
Bi-Lu
*Bi-Mg
M2
M2
*Bi-Mn
Bi-Mo
Bi-N
*Bi-Na
Bi-Nb
*Bi-Nd
*Bi-Ni
Bi-Np
Bi-0
Bi-0s
Bi-P
Bi-Pa
*Bi-Pb
*Bi-Pd
Bi-Pm
Bi-Po
Bi-Pr
*Bi-Pt
Bi-Pu
*Bi-Rb
Bi-Re
Bi-Rh
Bi-Ru
*Bi-S
*Bi-Sb
Bi-Sc
*Bi-Se
Bi-Si
*Bi-Sm
*Bi-Sn
*Bi-Sr
Bi-Ta
Bi-Tb
Bi-Tc
*Bi-Te
Bi-Th
Bi-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
*Bi-TI
Bi-Tm
*Bi-U
Bi-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Bi-W
M2
Bi-Xe
*Bi-Y
*Bi-Yb
*Bi-Zn
*Bi-Zr
Bk-Mo
Bk-N
Bk-0
Bk-P
Bk-S
Bk-Sb
Bk-W
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Br-Cu
Br-In
Br-K
Br-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
Br-Mo
Br-Na
Br-Ni
Br-Rb
Br-Sc
Br-Sr
Br-Te
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
M2
JPE 12(4)
[Moffatt]
BAPD 1O(4a)
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
BAPD 2(4)
JPE 13(1)
Unpublished
M2
M2
JPE 12(2)
[Chiotti]
Unpublished
M2
plliott]
[Moffatt]
Unpublished
Unpublished
BAPD 10(4a)
Unpublished
BAPD 6(4)
M2
M2
[Elliott]
JPE 13(3)
M2
Unpublished
M2
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
[Chiotti]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[Elliott]
BAPD 10(4a)
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(3)
[Molybdenum]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
Unpublished
Indium
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
tvue
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.9
System
Br-W
Published
M2
C-Ca
C-Cd
C-Ce
*C-Co
*C-Cr
C-Cs
*C-Cu
C-Dy
C-Er
C-EU
*C-Fe
C-Ga
C-Gd
C-Ge
*C-Hf
C-Hg
C-Ho
C-In
C-Ir
C-K
*C-La
C-Li
C-Lu
C-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*C-Mn
*C-Mo
C-Na
C-Nb
C-Nd
*C-Ni
C-Np
C-0s
C-Pa
C-Pb
C-Pd
C-Po
*C-Pr
C-Pt
C-Pu
C-Rb
C-Re
C-Rh
C-RU
C-Sb
*C-Sc
C-Se
*C-Si
C-Sm
C-Sn
C-Sr
*C-Ta
C-Tb
C-TC
C-Te
*C-Th
*C-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
C-TI
C-Tm
*C-u
M2
M2
M2
*C-v
M2,91
*C-W
M2,Y 1
*C-Y
C-Yb
C-Zn
*C-Zr
*Ca-Cd
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
M2
JPE 12(4)
BAPD 1l(2)
[87Gor]
Unpublished
BAPD 7(5)
BAPD 7(5)
BAPD 7(5)
Binary Iron
BAPD 7(5)
BAPD 5(5)
BAPD 1l(4)
M2
BAPD 7(5)
Indium
M2
M2
BAPD 7(5)
BAPD lO(1)
BAPD 7(6)
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 7(6)
Binary Nickel
M2
[Moffatt]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 5(5)
BAPD 7(6)
M2
M2
[86Barl]
BAPD 7(6)
M2
[69Ben I]
Binary
Titanium
M2
BAPD 7(6)
[67Sto,6YBen2]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 7(6)
BAPD 7(6)
M2
M2
M2
Data
type
System
Published
Ca-Ce
Ca-C1
Ca-Cm
Ca-Co
Ca-Cr
Ca-Cs
*Ca-Cu
Ca-Dy
Ca-Er
Ca-Eu
Ca-F
Ca-Fe
*Ca-Ga
Ca-Gd
*Ca-Ge
Ca-H
*Ca-Hg
Ca-Ho
*Ca-In
Ca-Ir
Ca-K
Ca-La
*Ca-Li
Ca-Lu
*Ca-Mg
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ca-Mn
Ca-Mo
Ca-N
*Ca-Na
Ca-Nb
*Ca-Nd
*Ca-Ni
Ca-Np
*Ca-0
Ca-0s
Ca-P
*Ca-Pb
*Ca-Pd
Ca-Pm
Ca-Po
Ca-Pr
*Ca-Pt
Ca-Pu
Ca-Rb
Ca-Re
Ca-Rh
Ca-Ru
Ca-S
*Ca-Sb
Ca-Sc
Ca-Se
*Ca-Si
Ca-Sm
Ca-Sn
*Ca-Sr
Ca-Ta
Ca-Tb
Ca-Te
Ca-Th
Ca-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,Y 1
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
*Ca-TI
Ca-Tm
Ca-U
Ca-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ca-W
M2
Ca-Y
*Ca-Yb
*Ca-Zn
Ca-Zr
M2
M2
M2
No Data
Data
source
BAPD 8(6)
M2
M2
BAPD 6(3)
BAPD 6(2)
BAPD 5(6)
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD 8(6)
M2
Binary Iron
JPE 13(3)
BAPD 8(6)
M2
M2
M2
M2
Indium
Unpublished
BAPD 6(1)
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD 8(2)
M2
Binary
Magnesium
[Shunk]
M2
BAPD 1l(5)
BAPD 6(1)
M2
BAPD 8(6)
Binary Nickel
BAPD 6(4)
M2
JPE 13(2)
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 8(6)
M2
BAPD 1O(4a)
BAPD 6(1)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 8(6)
M2
BAPD 7(5)
M2
M2
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD 1l(4)
Data
type
System
Published
Cd-Ce
Cd-Co
Cd-Cr
Cd-Cs
*Cd-CU
Cd-Dy
Cd-Er
*Cd-EU
Cd-Fe
*Cd-Ga
*Cd-Gd
*Cd-Ge
Cd-H
Cd-Hf
*Cd-Hg
Cd-Ho
*Cd-In
Cd-Ir
Cd-K
Cd-Kr
*Cd-La
*Cd-Li
Cd-Lu
*Cd-Mg
Cd-Mn
Cd-Mo
Cd-N
*Cd-Na
Cd-Nb
Cd-Nd
*Cd-Ni
Cd-Np
Cd-0
Cd-0s
*Cd-P
*Cd-Pb
Cd-Pd
Cd-Pm
Cd-Po
Cd-Pr
Cd-Pt
Cd-PU
Cd-Rb
Cd-Re
Cd-Rh
Cd-RU
Cd-S
*Cd-Sb
Cd-SC
*Cd-Se
Cd-Si
*Cd-Sm
*Cd-Sn
*Cd-Sr
Cd-Ta
Cd-Tb
Cd-TC
*Cd-Te
*Cd-Th
Cd-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Cd-TI
Cd-Tm
Cd-u
Cd-v
M2
M2
M2
M2
Cd-W
M2
*Cd-Y
*Cd-Yb
*Cd-Zn
Cd-Zr
Ce-C1
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
BAPD 9(1)
M2
JPE 13(2)
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD 1l(2)
BAPD 9(1)
BAPD 9( 1)
BAPD 9(1)
Binary Iron
Unpublished
BAPD 9(1)
BAPD 7(2)
M2
M2
JPE 13(4)
BAPD 9(1)
JPE 13(3)
BAPD 8(6)
M2
BAPD 9(1)
BAPD 9(1)
BAPD 9(1)
BAPD 5(1)
Unpublished
M2
BAPD 9(3)
BAPD Y(1)
M2
BAPD 9(2)
Binary Nickel
BAPD 2(4)
BAPD 8(2)
M2
M2
BAPD 9(6)
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 9(2)
[52Now]
[64Wit]
BAPD 8(6)
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
BAPD Y(2)
Unpublished
BAPD 6(6)
BAPD 9(2)
BAPD lO(3)
M2
BAPD 9(2)
M2
BAPD lO(4)
Unpublished
Binary
Titanium
M2
BAPD 9(2)
BAPD l(2)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 9(2)
BAPD Y(2)
BAPD 5(1)
[Zirconium]
M2
Data
type
2=1O/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Published
Ce-Cm
*Ce-Co
Ce-Cr
Ce-Cs
*Ce-Cu
Ce-Dy
Ce-Er
Ce-Eu
*Ce-Fe
*Ce-Ga
Ce-Gd
*Ce-Ge
Ce-H
Ce-Hf
Ce-Hg
Ce-Ho
*Ce-In
*Ce-Ir
Ce-La
Ce-Li
Ce-Lu
*Ce-Mg
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
*Ce-Mn
Ce-Mo
Ce-N
Ce-Na
Ce-Nb
Ce-Nd
*Ce-Ni
Ce-Np
*Ce-0
Ce-0s
Ce-P
Ce-Pb
*Ce-Pd
Ce-Pm
Ce-Po
Ce-Pr
Ce-Pt
*Ce-Pu
Ce-Rh
Ce-Re
Ce-Rh
Ce-Ru
*Ce-S
Ce-Sb
Ce-Sc
Ce-Se
*Ce-Si
Ce-Sm
*Ce-Sn
Ce-Sr
Ce-Ta
Ce-Tb
Ce-Tc
*Ce-Te
Ce-Th
*Ce-Ti
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Ce-TI
Ce-Tm
Ce-U
Ce-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ce-W
M2
Ce-Y
Ce-Yb
*Ce-Zn
Ce-Zr
Cf-Mo
Cf-0
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
Data
source
[74Gscl]
BAPD 1l(5)
BAPD 9(3a)
BAPD 3(1)
M2
BAPD 3(2)
Binary Iron
M2
BAPD 3(2)
BAPD lO(2)
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
Indium
JPE 12(5)
BAPD 2(4)
M2
Binary
Magnesium
Unpublished
Unpublished
[74Gsc2]
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[Shunk]
BAPD 3(2)
M2
[Plutonium]
M2
M2
M2
[74Gscl]
M2
BAPD 3(2)
M2
BAPD lO(1)
BAPD 3(2)
M2
[66Den 1]
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
[Elliott]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 3(2)
BAPD 3(1)
M2
JPE 12(1)
[Molybdenum]
M2
Data
type
System
Published
Cf-Pt
Cf-S
Cf-Sb
Cf-W
M2
M2
M2
*C1-Cs
CI-Cu
CI-Dy
CI-Er
*CI-Ga
CI-Gd
*CI-Hg
*CI-In
C1-K
C1-La
C1-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
CI-MO
*CI-Na
CI-Ni
CI-Pd
CI-Rb
CI-Sc
CI-Sn
C1-Sr
C1-Te
C1-Th
C1-TI
C1-Tm
C1-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
CI-Y
CI-Yb
Cm-Cr
Cm-Cu
Cm-Ir
Cm-Mo
Cm-N
Cm-0
Cm-P
Cm-Pd
Cm-Pt
Cm-Rh
Cm-S
Cm-Sb
Cm-Se
Cm-Si
Cm-Te
Cm-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Co-Cr
Co-Cs
*Co-Cu
*CO-Dy
*Co-Er
CO-Eu
*Co-Fe
*Co-Ga
*Co-Gd
*Co-Ge
CO-H
*Co-Hf
Co-Hg
*CO-HO
Co-In
Co-Ir
CO-K
Co-La
Co-Li
Co-Lu
Co-Mg
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Co-Mn
M2
Data
source
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Indium
M2
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
BAPD 6(5)
M2
M2
[Molybdenurn]
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD lO(2)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 1l(4)
BAPD 5(2)
M2
M2
Binary Iron
M2
M2
JPE 12(1)
M2
JPE 12(4)
M2
M2
Indium
[52Kos]
Unpublished
[74Ray 11
BAPD 1l(5)
M2
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 1l(2)
Data
type
System
Published
*CO-MO
CO-N
Co-Na
*CO-Nb
*CO-Nd
*Co-Ni
CO-Np
CO-0
CO-0s
*CO-P
CO-Pb
*CO-Pd
Co-Pm
*Co-Pr
*CO-Pt
*CO-PU
CO-Rb
*Co-Re
CO-Rh
CO-RU
*CO-S
*CO-Sb
CO-SC
*Co-Se
*Co-Si
*Co-Sm
*Co-Sn
Co-Sr
*Co-Ta
*CO-Tb
CO-TC
*Co-Te
*CO-Th
Co-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
NoData
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*CO-TI
Co-Tm
CO-U
*CO-V
*CO-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*CO-Y
CO-Yb
*Co-Zn
Co-Zr
Cr-Cs
*Cr-Cu
Cr-Dy
Cr-Er
Cr-Eu
*Cr-Fe
*Cr-Ga
Cr-Gd
*Cr-Ge
Cr-H
*Cr-Hf
Cr-Hg
Cr-Ho
Cr-In
*Cr-Ir
Cr-K
Cr-La
Cr-Li
*Cr-Lu
Cr-Mg
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
*Cr-Mn
*Cr-Mo
Cr-N
Cr-Na
*Cr-Nb
Cr-Nd
*Cr-Ni
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
type
[Molybdenum]
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(5)
[67Par]
[74Ray21
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
[52Kos]
BAPD 1l(6)
M2
JPE 12(1)
[74Ray 11
M2
[6 1Pool
Unpublished
M2
[52Kos]
[52Kos]
[08Fri]
BAPD 1l(3)
[Moffatt]
M2
JPE 12(5)
[Moffatt]
JPE 12(1)
JPE 13(3)
[86Bar2]
M2
M2
Unpublished
Unpublished
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
Unpublished
JPE 12(3)
Binary
Tungsten
JPE 12(5)
[76Ian]
M2
[64Pec]
BAPD 5(4)
BAPD 5(4)
M2
M2
M2
Binary Iron
[72Bor]
[Elliott]
BAPD 7(5)
JPE 12(6)
BAPD 7(6)
BAPD 1O(2)
[75Sve]
Indium
BAPD ll(1)
BAPD 5(4)
M2
BAPD 5(4)
[Moffatt]
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 7(5)
BAPD 8(3)
Unpublished
BAPD 5(4)
BAPD 7(5)
[Moffatt]
Binary Nickel
(continued)
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2-11
System
Published
Cr-Np
"0-0
*Cr-0s
Cr-P
Cr-Pb
*Cr-Pd
Cr-Pm
Cr-Po
Cr-Pr
*Cr-Pt
Cr-Pu
Cr-Ra
Cr-Rb
*Cr-Re
*Cr-Rh
*Cr-Ru
*Cr-S
*Cr-Sb
*Cr-Sc
*Cr-Se
*Cr-Si
Cr-Sm
*Cr-Sn
Cr-Sr
*Cr-Ta
Cr-Tb
Cr-Tc
*Cr-Te
Cr-Th
*Cr-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Cr-TI
Cr-Tm
*Cr-U
*Cr-V
No Data
M2
M2
M2
*Cr-W
M2
Cr-Y
Cr-Yb
Cr-Zn
*Cr-Zr
Cs-Cu
CS-F
Cs-Fe
Cs-Ga
*Cs-Ge
CS-H
CS-Hf
*CS-Hg
Cs-HO
Cs-I
*Cs-In
Cs-Ir
*CS-K
Cs-La
Cs-Li
Cs-Lu
CS-Mg
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Deta
M2
No Data
M2
Cs-MO
CS-N
*Cs-Na
CS-Nb
CS-Nd
Cs-Ni
Cs-Np
*Cs-0
Cs-0s
Cs-P
CS-Pb
Cs-Pd
Cs-Pr
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
BAPD 6(5)
[8OBan]
BAPD ll(1)
BAPD 1l(5)
BAPD 9(2)
BAPD 1l(1)
BAPD 9(2)
M2
BAPD ll(1)
BAPD 6(5)
BAPD 6(4)
BAPD 5(4)
BAPD 8(2)
BAPD 8(2)
BAPD 8(2)
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(5)
BAPD 6(5)
Unpublished
BAPD 8(5)
[73Sve]
BAPD 9(2)
BAPD 6(4)
BAPD 8(2)
[7 E v e ]
BAPD 7(6)
Unpublished
BAPD 6(5)
Binary
Titanium
M2
BAPD 6(5)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 6(5)
M2
JPE 13(2)
BAPD 7(3)
BAPD 8(1)
M2
Binary Iron
BAPD 1l(4)
M2
M2
BAPD 8(1)
[Hansen]
M2
Indium
M2
BAPD 4(4)
BAPD lO(3)
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
BAPD 3(3)
BAPD 9(1)
M2
[8 1Loe]
M2
M2
[8 lLoe]
M2
Data
type
System
Published
Cs-Pt
Cs-Pu
*CS-Rb
Cs-Re
CS-Rh
CS-RU
*Cs-S
*CS-Sb
Cs-Sc
*Cs-Se
Cs-Si
Cs-Sm
*Cs-Sn
Cs-Sr
Cs-Ta
*Cs-Te
CS-Th
Cs-Ti
*CS-TI
Cs-Tm
Cs-u
Cs-v
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
Cs-W
M2
Cs-Y
CS-Yb
Cs-Zn
Cs-Zr
*CU-Dy
*Cu-Er
*CU-EU
CU-F
*Cu-Fe
Cu-Fr
*Cu-Ga
*CU-Gd
*Cu-Ge
*CU-H
Cu-He
*Cu-Hf
*Cu-Hg
CU-HO
Cu-I
*Cu-In
*Cu-Ir
CU-K
Cu-Kr
*Cu-La
*Cu-Li
Cu-Lu
*Cu-Mg
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2,92
*Cu-Mn
CU-MO
CU-N
Cu-Na
*Cu-Nb
*Cu-Nd
Cu-Ne
*Cu-Ni
CU-Np
*Cu-0
Cu-0s
*Cu-P
Cu-Pa
*CU-Pb
*CU-Pd
Cu-Pm
Cu-Po
Cu-Pr
*Cu-Pt
*Cu-Pu
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
type
[8 1Loe]
T
BAPD 4(4)
D
[8 ILoe]
[8 ILoe]
[Smithells]
[61Dor2]
T
T
D
D
[87Mel]
BAPD 6(1)
JAPD 6(2)
Unpublished
D
T
D
D
BAPD lO(2)
[8 lBus]
D
D
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
D
BAPD 8(5)
BAPD 8(1)
BAPD 9(3a)
BAPD 9(3a)
BAPD 9(3a)
Unpublished
Binary Iron
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 9(3a)
BAPD 7(1)
[86Bar3]
Unpublished
BAPD 9(1)
BAPD 6(6)
BAPD 9(3a)
M2
Indium
BAPD 8(2)
BAPD 7(3)
Unpublished
BAPD 2(3)
BAPD 7(2)
BAPD 9(3a)
Binary
Magnesium
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(2)
M2
BAPD 7(2)
BAPD 2(4)
BAPD 9(3a)
Unpublished
BinaryNickel
M2
BAPD 5(2)
Unpublished
M2
M2
BAPD 5(5)
JPE 12(2)
BAPD 9(3a)
Unpublished
BAPD 9(3a)
Unpublished
[67Kut 11
T
D
D
D
D
T
D
T
D
D
D
D
T
D
D
D
T
D
D
T
T
D
D
D
D
T
D
D
T
D
D
D
T
D
T
D
D
D
T
D
D
D
T
D
D
D
System
Published
Cu-Ra
CU-Rb
Cu-Re
*Cu-Rh
Cu-Rn
Cu-RU
*Cu-S
*CU-Sb
Cu-Sc
*Cu-Se
*Cu-Si
Cu-Sm
*Cu-Sn
*Cu-Sr
Cu-Ta
CU-Tb
CU-TC
*Cu-Te
*Cu-Th
*Cu-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Cu-TI
Cu-Tm
Cu-u
*Cu-v
M2
M2
M2
M2
Cu-W
M2
Cu-Xe
Cu-Y
*CU-Yb
*Cu-Zn
*Cu-Zr
D-Fe
D-Nb
D-Ta
D-V
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
Dy-Er
*Dy-Fe
*Dy-Ga
D y-Gd
*Dy-Ge
Dy-H
Dy-Hf
Dy-Hg
D y-HO
Dy-I
*Dy-In
Dy-Ir
Dy-K
Dy-La
Dy-Lu
DY-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2,92
*Dy-Mn
Dy-MO
Dy-N
Dy-Na
Dy-Nb
Dy-Nd
*Dy-Ni
DY-NP
Dy-0
Dy-0s
Dy-P
*Dy-Pb
*Dy-Pd
Dy-Pm
Dy-PO
Dy-Pr
Dy-Pt
Dy-PU
M2
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
92
M2
Data
source
[68Gull]
BAPD 7(1)
Unpublished
BAPD 2(4)
Unpublished
Unpublished
BAPD 4(3)
M2
BAPD 9(3a)
BAPD 2(3)
BAPD 7(2)
BAPD 9(3a)
BAPD 1l(3)
BAPD 5(4)
BAPD lO(6)
BAPD 9(3a)
Unpublished
Unpublished
BAPD 7(1)
Binary
Titanium
BAPD 5(2)
BAPD 9(3a)
[Metals]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Unpublished
BAPD 2(3)
BAPD 9(3a)
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(5)
Binary Iron
BAPD 4(1)
[90Con]
Binary
Vanadium
BAPD 4(3)
Binary Iron
[Moffatt]
BAPD 4(3)
[77Ere]
[58Mul]
Unpublished
BAPD 4(3)
M2
Indium
JPE 13(2)
M2
M2
Binary
Magnesium
[67Kirl]
M2
M2
BAPD 3(3)
Binary Nickel
M2
[80Pa1,59Boz]
M2
[68Mcm]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
type
201 2/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Published
Dy-Re
Dy-Rh
Dy-RU
*Dy-S
*Dy-Sb
Dy-SC
Dy-Se
Dy-Si
Dy-Sm
*Dy-Sn
Dy-Sr
Dy-Ta
Dy-Tb
Dy-Tc
*Dy-Te
Dy-Th
Dy-Ti
*D y -TI
Dy-Tm
Dy-U
Dy-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Dy-W
M2
Dy-Y
Dy-Yb
Dy-Zn
*Dy-Zr
*Er-Fe
*Er-Ga
Er-Gd
*Er-Ge
Er-H
Er-Hf
Er-Hg
Er-Ho
Er-I
*Er-In
Er-Ir
Er-K
Er-La
Er-Li
Er-Lu
Er-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
*Er-Mn
Er-Mo
Er-N
Er-Na
Er-Nb
Er-Nd
*Er-Ni
Er-Np
Er-0
Er-0s
Er-P
Er-Pb
*Er-Pd
Er-Pm
Er-Po
Er-Pr
*Er-Pt
Er-Pu
Er-Re
Er-Rh
*Er-Ru
Er-S
Er-Sb
Er-Sc
*Er-Se
Er-Si
Er-Sm
Er-Sn
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
[65Ell]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[66Den 11
M2
M2
M2
[69Bad]
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 4(1)
M2
M2
[60Cro]
Binary Iron
M2
BAPD 4(3)
M2
[58Mul]
[Hafnium]
Unpublished
BAPD 4(3)
M2
Indium
JPE 13(2)
M2
M2
Binary
Magnesium
[67Kir2]
M2
M2
[6 1LovI
BAPD 3(3)
Binary Nickel
[6 1Lovl
M2
M2
M2
[73Loe]
M2
[Shunk]
M2
M2
M2
M2
[73Gha]
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 4(1)
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
type
System
Published
Er-Ta
Er-Tb
Er-Tc
*Er-Te
Er-Th
*Er-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Er-TI
Er-Tm
Er-U
Er-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Er-W
M2
Er-Y
Er-Yb
Er-Zn
Er-Zr
Es-MO
Es-0
Es-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Eu-Fe
*Eu-Ga
*Eu-Ge
Eu-H
Eu-Hf
Eu-Hg
Eu-HO
*Eu-In
Eu-Ir
Eu-K
Eu-La
*Eu-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2,91
M2.92
Eu-Mn
Eu-MO
Eu-N
Eu-Na
Eu-Nb
Eu-Ni
Eu-Np
Eu-0
Eu-0s
Eu-P
*Eu-Pb
*Eu-Pd
Eu-PO
Eu-Pr
*Eu-Pt
Eu-PU
Eu-Re
Eu-Rh
Eu-RU
Eu-S
Eu-Sb
Eu-SC
Eu-Se
Eu-Si
Eu-Sm
Eu-Sn
Eu-Sr
Eu-Ta
Eu-Tb
*Eu-Te
Eu-Th
Eu-Ti
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2,92
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
Eu-TI
Eu-U
Eu-V
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
[66Den 1]
BAPD 4(3)
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 4(1)
M2
M2
[Zirconium]
[Molybdenum]
M2
Binary
Tungsten
Binary Iron
[78Yat]
JPE 12(4)
M2
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 4(2)
Indium
Unpublished
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
[67Mcm]
M2
M2
[8 1Ian]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[7OSad]
M2
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Data
type
System
Eu-W
Eu-Y
Eu-Yb
Eu-Zn
Eu-Zr
F-In
F-K
F-Mg
F-MO
F-Na
F-Ni
F-Rb
F-Sm
F-Sn
F-W
F-Yb
*Fe-Ga
*Fe-Gd
*Fe-Ge
*Fe-H
*Fe-Hf
Fe-Hg
*Fe-Ho
Fe-In
*Fe-Ir
Fe-K
*Fe-La
Fe-Li
*Fe-Lu
Fe-Mg
*Fe-Mn
*Fe-Mo
*Fe-N
Fe-Na
*Fe-Nb
*Fe-Nd
*Fe-Ni
Fe-Np
*Fe-0
Fe-0s
*Fe-P
Fe-Pb
*Fe-Pd
Fe-Pm
Fe-Pr
Fe-Pt
*Fe-Pu
Fe-Rb
Fe-Re
*Fe-Rh
Fe-Ru
*Fe-S
*Fe-Sb
*Fe-Sc
*Fe-Se
*Fe-Si
*Fe-Srn
*Fe-Sn
Fe-Sr
Fe-Ta
*Fe-Tb
Fe-Tc
*Fe-Te
*Fe-Th
*Fe-Ti
Fe-TI
*Fe-Tm
*Fe-U
*Fe-V
*Fe-W
Published
Data
source
Data
type
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
M2
M2
Indium
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
M2
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
(continued)
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.13
System
Published
Fe-Y
Fe-Yb
*Fe-Zn
*Fe-Zr
Fm-Mo
Fr-Mg
Fr-Mo
Fr-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Ga-Gd
Ga-Ge
Ga-H
Ga-Hf
Ga-Hg
*Ga-Ho
Ga-I
*Ga-In
Ga-Ir
Ga-K
*Ga-La
*Ga-Li
*Ga-Lu
*Ga-Mg
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
*Ga-Mn
*Ga-Mo
Ga-N
*Ga-Na
*Ga-Nb
*Ga-Nd
*Ga-Ni
Ga-Np
Ga-0
Ga-0s
Ga-P
*Ga-Pb
*Ga-Pd
Ga-Pm
*Ga-Pr
*Ga-Pt
*Ga-Pu
Ga-Rb
Ga-Re
Ga-Rh
Ga-Ru
*Ga-S
*Ga-Sb
*Ga-Sc
*Ga-Se
Ga-Si
*Ga-Sm
*Ga-Sn
*Ga-Sr
Ga-Ta
*Ga-Tb
*Ga-Te
Ga-Th
Ga-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Ga-Y
*Ga-Yb
*Ga-Zn
*Ga-Zr
*Gd-Ge
Gd-H
Gd-Hg
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
Binary Iron
[Molybdenum]
[68Gu12]
[Molybdenum]
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 1l(1)
BAPD 6(3)
M2
[60Pre]
M2
M2
Indium
M2
BAPD 1l(4)
BAPD 1l(1)
JPE 12(1)
[79Yat]
Binary
Magnesium
[80Lu]
[Molybdenum]
M2
BAPD 1l(4)
M2
[Moffatt]
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
[Shunk]
JPE 12(1)
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 9(3)
BAPD 1l(4)
M2
M2
M2
[67Rus]
BAPD 9(S)
[79Yat]
[Moffatt]
BAPD 6(4)
[Moffatt]
JPE 13(2)
JPE 13(2)
M2
[Moffatt]
Unpublished
M2
Binary
Titanium
JPE 12(6)
[Moffatt]
[73Bus]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[77Yat]
JPE 13(1)
BAPD 1l(1)
[Shunk]
BAPD lO(2)
[60Bec]
Unpublished
Data
type
System
Published
Gd-Ho
Gd-I
*Gd-In
Gd-Ir
Gd-K
Gd-La
Gd-Li
Gd-Lu
*Gd-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
Gd-Mn
Gd-Mo
Gd-N
Gd-Na
Gd-Nb
Gd-Nd
*Gd-Ni
Gd-Np
Gd-0
Gd-0s
Gd-P
*Gd-Pb
*Gd-Pd
Gd-Pm
Gd-Po
Gd-Pr
Gd-Pt
Gd-PU
Gd-Re
*Gd-Rh
Gd-RU
Gd-S
*Gd-Sb
Gd-Sc
*Gd-Se
Gd-Si
Gd-Sm
*Gd-Sn
Gd-Sr
Gd-Ta
Gd-Tb
Gd-TC
*Gd-Te
Gd-Th
*Gd-Ti
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Gd-TI
Gd-Tm
Gd-U
Gd-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Gd-W
M2
Gd-Y
Gd-Yb
Gd-Zn
Gd-Zr
Ge-H
Ge-Hf
Ge-Hg
*Ge-Ho
Ge-I
*Ge-In
Ge-Ir
*Ge-K
*Ge-La
*Ge-Li
*Ge-Lu
*Ge-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Ge-Mn
*Ge-Mo
Ge-N
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
BAPD 4(3)
M2
Indium
Unpublished
BAPD 2(4)
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
BAPD l(2)
M2
M2
BAPD 3(3)
Binary Nickel
M2
[80Pal]
M2
JPE 12(6)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[Moffatt]
M2
M2
BAPD 4(2)
[82Pri]
BAPD 9(5)
BAPD 4(2)
JPE 12(6)
[66Den I]
BAPD 4(3)
M2
M2
[69Bad]
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
[Elliott]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 4(2)
BAPD 4(3)
M2
M2
[Ellion]
BAPD 1l(3)
Unpublished
[80Ere]
M2
Indium
M2
M2
BAPD lO(4)
M2
M2
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 1 l(5)
BAPD 8(1)
BAPD 1 l(6)
Data
type
System
Published
*Ge-Na
*Ge-Nb
*Ge-Nd
*Ge-Ni
Ge-Np
Ge-0
Ge-0s
*Ge-P
*Ge-Pb
*Ge-Pd
Ge-Pm
*Ge-Pr
*Ge-Pt
Ge-Pu
Ge-Rb
Ge-Re
Ge-Rh
Ge-Ru
*Ge-S
*Ge-Sb
*Ge-Sc
*Ge-Se
*Ge-Si
*Ge-Sm
*Ge-Sn
*Ge-Sr
Ge-Ta
*Ge-Tb
*Ge-Te
Ge-Th
*Ge-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
No Data
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.92
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Ge-TI
*Ge-Tm
*Ge-U
Ge-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ge-W
M2
*Ge-Y
*Ge-Yb
*Ge-Zn
Ge-Zr
H-Hf
H-Hg
H-HO
H-In
H-Ir
H-K
*H-La
H-Li
H-Lu
H-Mg
H-Mn
H-Mo
H-Na
*H-Nb
*H-Nd
*H-Ni
H-Np
H-0s
H-Pa
H-Pb
*H-Pd
H-Po
H-Pr
H-Pt
H-PU
H-Rb
H-Re
H-Rh
H-Ru
H-Sb
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2,91
M2
Data
source
Data
type
M2
[Moffatt]
BAPD 1O(2)
Binary Nickel
[56Tm]
M2
BAPD 6(3)
BAPD 5(4)
JPE 13(4)
BAPD lO(3)
JPE 13(4)
M2
M2
[Moffatt]
M2
M2
[63Liu]
BAPD 7(3)
BAPD 7(6)
BAPD 1l(3)
BAPD S(2)
BDPD 9(5)
BAPD S(3)
M2
JPE 12(6)
M2
M2
[Thorium]
Binary
Titanium
BAPD 6(2)
M2
160LyaI
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 9(1)
[83Ere]
BAPD 6(6)
BAPD 7(1)
M2
M2
M2
Indium
Unpublished
M2
BAPD 1l(1)
M2
[82Sub]
BAPD 8(5)
Unpublished
[Molybdenum]
BAPD 1l(3)
BAPD 4(1)
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
Unpublished
[Shunk]
M2
Unpublished
[56Mul]
M2
Unpublished
Unpublished
Unpublished
M2
(continued)
2.1 4/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Published
H-Sc
H-Se
H-Si
H-Sm
H-Sn
*H-Sr
*H-Ta
H-Tb
H-Te
H-Th
*H-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2,92
H-TI
H-Tm
*H-U
*H-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
H-W
M2
H-Y
H-Yb
H-Zn
*H-Zr
He-Mo
He-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Hf-Hg
Hf-In
*Hf-Ir
Hf-K
Hf-La
Hf-Li
Hf-LU
Hf-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
*Hf-Mn
*Hf-Mo
*Hf-N
Hf-Na
*Hf-Nb
*Hf-Ni
Hf-Np
*Hf - 0
*Hf-0s
Hf-P
Hf-Pd
Hf-Po
Hf-Pr
Hf-Pt
Hf-Pu
Hf-Rb
Hf-Re
*Hf-Rh
Hf-RU
Hf-Si
Hf-Sb
Hf-SC
Hf-Se
*Hf-Si
Hf-Sm
Hf-Sn
Hf-Sr
*Hf-Ta
Hf-Tb
Hf-TC
Hf -Te
Hf-Th
Hf-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
Hf-T1
Hf-Tm
*Hf-U
No Data
No Data
M2
Data
source
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
[64Pet]
JPE 12(3)
M2
[Smith]
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
Unpublished
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 9(3)
M2
BAPD 1 q 6 )
BAPD 1l(4)
[Molybdenum]
Binary
Tungsten
M2
Indium
M2
BAPD 8(1)
BAPD lO(3)
Binary
Magnesium
Unpublished
[Molybdenum]
BAPD 1l(2)
BAPD 8(1)
JPE 12(2)
Binary Nickel
[Hafnium]
M2
M2
[72Shu]
M2
[7 lGri]
M2
M2
BAPD 8(1)
[63Tayl
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD lO(4)
JPE 12(4)
JAPD 5(2)
M2
M2
[58Gib]
Binary
Titanium
[6OPet2]
Data
type
System
Data
source
Published
Hf-Y
Hf-Yb
Hf-Zn
*Hf-Zr
Hg-HO
*Hg-In
Hg-Ir
*Hg-K
*Hg-La
*Hg-Li
Hg-Lu
*Hg-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Hg-Mn
Hg-MO
Hg-N
*Hg-Na
Hg-Nb
Hg-Nd
Hg-Ni
Hg-Np
Hg-0
Hg-0s
Hg-P
*Hg-Pb
Hg-Pd
Hg-PO
Hg-Pr
Hg-Pt
Hg-Pu
*Hg-Rb
Hg-Re
Hg-Rh
Hg-RU
*Hg-S
Hg-Sb
Hg-Sc
*Hg-Se
Hg-Si
Hg-Sm
*Hg-Sn
*Hg-Sr
Hg-Ta
Hg-Tb
*Hg-Te
Hg-Th
Hg-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Hg-T1
Hg-Tm
Hg-U
Hg-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Hg-Y
Hg-Yb
*Hg-Zn
Hg-Zr
Ho-I
*Hob
Ho-Ir
Ho-K
Ho-La
Ho-Li
Ho-Lu
Ho-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[62Lun]
[Moffatt]
M2
BAPD 3(1)
Unpublished
Indium
M2
[79Vol]
Unpublished
[Hansen]
Unpublished
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
Unpublished
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
[Hansen]
BAPD 1l(1)
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(1)
[59Sch]
[Hansen]
M2
[67Jan]
M2
JPE 13(5)
BAPD 1l(4)
Unpublished
JPE 13(5)
Unpublished
Unpublished
M2
M2
[OSBol]
Unpublished
Unpublished
[58DomI
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
Unpublished
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Unpublished
Unpublished
Unpublished
M2
M2
Indium
Unpublished
M2
M2
Binary
Magnesium
[67Kir2]
Data
type
System
Published
Ho-Mo
Ho-N
Ho-Na
Ho-Nb
Ho-Nd
Ho-Ni
Ho-Np
Ho-0
Ho-0s
Ho-P
Ho-Pb
*Ho-Pd
Ho-Pm
Ho-PO
Ho-Pr
Ho-Pt
Ho-PU
Ho-Rb
Ho-Re
Ho-Rh
Ho-RU
Ho-S
*Ho-Sb
Ho-SC
Ho-Se
Ho-Si
Ho-Sm
Ho-Sn
Ho-Sr
Ho-Ta
Ho-Tb
Ho-TC
*Ho-Te
Ho-Th
Ho-Ti
*Ho-TI
Ho-Tm
Ho-U
Ho-V
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
M2,92
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ho-W
M2
Ho-Y
Ho-Yb
Ho-Zn
Ho-Zr
I-In
I-K
I-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
I-Mo
I-Na
I-Ni
I-Rb
I-Se
I-Sr
I-Tb
I-Te
I-Th
I-TI
I-W
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
I-Y
In-Ir
*In-K
In-Kr
*In-La
*In-Li
*In-Lu
*In-Mg
*In-Mn
In-Mo
In-N
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
tv~e
M2
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[Pears01131
M2
M2
[Moffatt]
BAPD 4(3)
M2
[74Yar]
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 4(1)
M2
M2
M2
Indium
M2
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[Smith]
M2
Binary
Tungsten
M2
Indium
Indium
M2
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
(continued)
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*15
System
Published
*In-Na
*In-Nb
*In-Nd
*In-Ni
In-Np
In-0
In-0s
*In-P
*In-Pb
*In-Pd
In-Pm
*In-Pr
*In-Pt
*In-Pu
*In-Rb
In-Re
In-Rh
In-Ru
*In4
*In-Sb
*In-Sc
*In-Se
*In-Si
*In-Sm
*In-Sn
*In-Sr
In-Ta
*In-Tb
*In-Te
*In-Th
*In-Ti
*In-TI
*In-Tm
In-U
*In-V
In-W
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
No Data
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*In-Y
*In-Yb
*In-Zn
In-Zr
Ir-K
*Ir-La
Ir-Li
Ir-Lu
IT-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ir-Mn
*Ir-Mo
Ir-N
Ir-Na
*Ir-Nb
Ir-Nd
*Ir-Ni
Ir-Np
Ir-0
Ir-0s
Ir-P
Ir-Pa
Ir-Pb
*Ir-Pd
Ir-Pm
Ir-Pr
*Ir-Pt
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
Ir-Pu
Ir-Rb
Ir-Re
*Ir-Rh
*Ir-Ru
Ir-S
Ir-Sb
Ir-Sc
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indum
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
Binary
Tungsten
Indium
Indium
Indium
Indium
[64RhyI
JPE 12(5)
JPE 13(1)
Unpublished
Binary
Magnesium
Unpublished
[Molybdenum]
[OSEmi]
[64Rhy1
Unpublished
Unpublished
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(4)
M2
M2
JPE 12(5)
Unpublished
Unpublished
[30Mul,
56RauI
M2
[76Vol]
Unpublished
JPE 12(5)
JPE 13(5)
M2
Unpublished
Unpublished
Data
type
System
Published
Ir-Se
Ir-Si
Ir-Sm
Ir-Sn
Ir-Sr
*Ir-Ta
Ir-Tb
Ir-Tc
Ir-Te
*Ir-Th
*Ir-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.92
Ir-TI
Ir-Tm
*Ir-U
*Ir-V
No Data
M2
M2
M2
*Ir-W
M2,92
Ir-Y
Ir-Yb
Ir-Zn
*Ir-Zr
K-La
K-Li
K-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
K-MO
K-N
*K-Na
K-Nb
K-Nd
K-Ni
K-Np
K-0
K-0s
K-P
*K-Pb
K-Pd
K-Pr
K-Pu
*K-Rb
K-Re
K-Rh
K-RU
*K-S
*K-Sb
*K-Se
K-Si
K-Sm
*K-Sn
K-Sr
K-Ta
K-Tb
*K-Te
K-Th
K-Ti
*K-TI
K-Tm
K-U
K-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
K-W
M2
K-Y
K-Yb
K-Zn
K-Zr
Kr-Mo
Kr-W
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
La-Li
La-Lu
No Data
M2
Data
source
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
[Metals]
Unpublished
M2
M2
JPE 12(5)
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
JPE 13(5)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Unpublished
JPE 13(2)
WRhyI
JPE 13(5)
BAPD 10(3)
Binary
Magnesium
M2
M2
BAPD 3(3)
BAPD 9(4)
[65Swi]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[59Sch]
BAPD 4(4)
M2
M2
M2
[61Dor2]
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 6(2)
JAPD 6(1)
BAPD 1l(5)
M2
BAPD 10(2)
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD lO(3)
[Molybdenum]
Binary
Tungsten
M2
Data
tv~e
System
Published
*La-Mn
La-Mo
La-N
La-Na
La-Nb
La-Nd
*La-Ni
La-Np
La-0
La-0s
La-P
*La-Pb
La-Pd
La-Pm
La-Pr
La-Pt
La-Pu
La-Rb
La-Re
La-Rh
La-Ru
*La-S
*La-Sb
*La-Sc
*La-Se
La-Si
La-Sm
*La-Sn
La-Sr
La-Ta
La-Tb
La-Te
La-Th
La-Ti
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2.91
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
NoData
M2
M2
M2.91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*La-TI
La-Tm
La-U
La-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
La-Y
La-Yb
*La-Zn
La-Zr
*Li-Mg
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Li-Mn
Li-Mo
Li-N
*Li-Na
Li-Nb
Li-Ni
Li-Np
Li-0
Li-0s
Li-P
*Li-Pb
*Li-Pd
Li-Pt
Li-Pu
Li-Rb
Li-Re
Li-Rh
Li-Ru
*Li-S
Li-Sb
*Li-Se
*Li-Si
*Li-Sn
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
type
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 1l(5)
M2
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 2(4)
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
JPE 13(1)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
WVogl
BAPD 3(1)
M2
M2
M2
JPE 13(1)
[Moffatt]
M2
[65Haa]
[69Bad]
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 3(1)
M2
[41Rol]
M2
Binary
Magnesium
[640bi I]
M2
JPE 13(3)
BAPD 10(3)
BAPD 9(4)
Binary Nickel
JPE 13(3)
JPE 13(1)
Unpublished
[Hansen]
JPE 13(1)
JPE 12(6)
M2
BAPD lO(3)
JPE 12(6)
JPE 12(6)
JPE 12(6)
Unpublished
M2
[7 ICun]
BAPD 1l(3)
[Moffatt]
(continued)
2.1 C/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Published
*Li-Sr
Li-Ta
Li-Tb
Li-Tc
*Li-Te
Li-Th
Li-Ti
*Li-TI
Li-Tm
Li-U
Li-V
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
Li-W
M2
Li-Y
Li-Yb
*Li-Zn
Li-Zr
Lr-Mo
Lu-Mg
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
Lu-Mn
Lu-MO
Lu-N
Lu-Na
Lu-Nb
Lu-Nd
Lu-Ni
Lu-Np
Lu-0
Lu-0s
Lu-P
*Lu-Pb
Lu-Pd
Lu-Pm
Lu-Po
Lu-Pr
Lu-Pt
Lu-Pu
Lu-Rb
Lu-Re
Lu-Rh
Lu-Ru
Lu-S
Lu-Sb
Lu-Sc
Lu-Se
Lu-Si
Lu-Sm
Lu-Sn
Lu-Sr
Lu-Ta
Lu-Tb
Lu-TC
Lu-Te
Lu-Th
Lu-Ti
*Lu-TI
Lu-Tm
Lu-u
Lu-v
M2
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Lu-W
Lu-Y
Lu-Yb
Lu-Zn
Lu-Zr
Md-Mo
*Mg-Mn
Mg-Mo
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
BAPD 1 q 3 )
JAPD 6(1)
Unpublished
JPE 13(3)
BAPD lO(2)
[34Gru]
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
JPE 12(1)
BAPD 8(1)
[Molybdenum]
Binary
Magnesium
M2
[Molybdenum]
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
[69Mcm]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[66Den I]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
BAPD 4(3
M2
M2
[Molybdenum]
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Data
t~ e
System
Published
Mg-N
M2
Mg-Na
M2
Mg-Nb
M2
Mg-Nd
M2,91
*Mg-Ni
Mg-Np
Mg-0
M2
M2
M2
Mg-0s
Mg-P
M2
M2
Mg-Pa
*Mg-Pb
M2
M2
Mg-Pd
M2
Mg-Pm
Mg-PO
M2
M2
Mg-Pr
Mg-Pt
M2
M2
Mg-Pu
Mg-Ra
Mg-Rb
M2
M2
M2
Mg-Re
Mg-Rh
M2
M2
Mg-RU
M2
Mg-S
M2
*Mg-Sb
M2
*Mg-SC
M2
Mg-Se
M2
*Mg-Si
M2
*Mg-Sm
*Mg-Sn
M2
M2
*Mg-Sr
M2
Mg-Ta
Mg-Tb
M2
M2
Mg-TC
Mg-Te
M2
M2
*Mg-Th
M2
Mg-Ti
M2
*Mg-TI
M2
Mg-Tm
M2
Mg-U
M2
Mg-V
M2
MpW
M2
*Mg-Y
M2,92
Data
source
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary Nickel
[68Gull]
Binary
Magnesium
[68Gu12]
Binary
Magnesium
[68Gull]
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
[68Gu12]
Binary
Magnesium
BAPD 1q1)
Binary
Magnesium
M2
[68Gu12]
Binary
Magnesium
[68Gu12]
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
M2
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
[68Gu12]
Binary
Magnesium
[68Gu12]
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Magnesium
Data
twe
System
Published
*Mn-Mo
*Mn-N
Mn-Na
Mn-Nb
*Mn-Nd
*Mn-Ni
Mn-Np
*Mn-0
*Mn-P
Mn-Pb
*Mn-Pd
Mn-Pm
*Mn-Pr
Mn-Pt
*Mn-Pu
Mn-Rb
Mn-Re
Mn-Rh
Mn-Ru
Mn-S
*Mn-Sb
Mn-Sc
Mn-Se
*Mn-Si
*Mn-Sm
*Mn-Sn
Mn-Sr
Mn-Ta
Mn-Tb
Mn-Tc
Mn-Te
Mn-Th
*Mn-Ti
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
91
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Mn-T1
Mn-Tm
*Mn-U
*Mn-V
M2
M2
M2
M2.92
*Mn-Y
Mn-Yb
*Mn-Zn
*Mn-Zr
*Mo-N
Mo-Na
*Mo-Nb
Mo-Nd
Mo-Ne
*Mo-Ni
Mo-No
Mo-Np
*Mo-0
*Mo-0s
*Mo-P
Mo-Pa
Mo-Pb
*Mo-Pd
Mo-Pm
Mo-PO
Mo-Pr
*Mo-Pt
*Mo-Pu
Mo-Ra
Mo-Rb
Mo-Re
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
Binary
Magnesium
[Molybdenum]
BAPD 1l(1)
M2
[70Kir]
JPE 12(3)
M2
M2
[SOBer]
[56Pel]
[Hansen]
[9OSac]
M2
[55Rau]
[55Kon]
[61Sav]
[55Rau,59Hel]
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 1l(5)
[7OKir]
M2
M2
[6OSav]
[70Kir]
M2
Unpublished
[Brandes]
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
[Hansen]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
JPE 12(4)
M2
BAPD 1l(4)
Unpublished
M2
M2
[Molybdenum]
M2
[Molybdenum]
Binary Nickel
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
BAPD l(2)
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
M2
M2
M2
[Molybdenum]
M2
BAPD l(2)
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
M2
M2
Data
t~ e
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.17
System
Published
*Mo-Rh
Mo-Rn
*Mo-RU
*Mo-S
Mo-Sb
Mo-Sc
Mo-Se
*Mo-Si
Mo-Sm
Mo-Sn
Mo-Sr
*Mo-Ta
Mo-Tb
Mo-TC
Mo-Te
Mo-Th
*Mo-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Mo-TI
Mo-Tm
*Mo-U
*Mo-V
*Mo-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Mo-Xe
Mo-Y
Mo-Yb
Mo-Zn
*Mo-Zr
N-Na
*N-Nb
N-Nd
*N-Ni
N-Np
N-0s
N-Pa
N-Pb
N-Pd
N-Pr
N-Pt
N-PU
N-Rb
N-Re
N-Rh
N-Ru
N-Sb
N-SC
N-Se
N-Si
N-Sm
N-Sn
N-Sr
*N-Ta
N-Tb
N-TC
N-Te
*N-Th
*N-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
N-TI
N-Tm
*N-U
N-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
N-W
M2
N-Y
N-Yb
N-Zn
*N-Zr
Na-Nb
Na-Nd
Na-Ni
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
Data
Data
source
tn'e
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
M2
BAPD l(2)
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
JPE 12(4)
M2
BAPD l(2)
M2
JAPD 2(3)
M2
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
M2
JPE 13(1)
Binary
Tungsten
[Molybdenum]
[Molybdenum]
M2
[Molybdenum]
[Zirconium]
M2
[74Lev]
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
[I OSie]
M2
BAPD lO(5)
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(6)
M2
[OSFis,IOSie]
M2
[75Gat]
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
[Metals]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
BAPD 9(3)
[Zirconium]
BAPD 9(4)
Binary Nickel
System
Published
Na-Np
*Na-0
Na-0s
Na-P
*Na-Pb
Na-Pd
Na-Po
Na-Pr
Na-Pt
Na-Pu
*Na-Rb
Na-Re
Na-Rh
Na-Ru
*Na-S
*Na-Sb
Na-Sc
*Na-Se
Na-Si
Na-Sm
*Na-Sn
*Na-Sr
Na-Ta
Na-Tb
*Na-Te
Na-Th
Na-Ti
*Na-TI
Na-Tm
Na-U
Na-V
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2,91
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
Na-W
M2
Na-Y
Na-Yb
Na-Zn
Na-Zr
Nb-Nd
*Nb-Ni
Nb-Np
Nb-0
*Nb-0s
Nb-P
Nb-Pb
*Nb-Pd
Nb-Pr
*Nb-Pt
Nb-Pu
Nb-Rb
Nb-Re
*Nb-Rh
*Nb-Ru
Nb-S
Nb-Sb
Nb-SC
Nb-Se
*Nb-Si
Nb-Sm
Nb-Sn
Nb-Sr
*Nb-Ta
Nb-Tb
Nb-TC
Nb-Te
*Nb-Th
*Nb-Ti
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
Nb-TI
Nb-Tm
*Nb-U
*Nb-V
M2
No Data
M2
M2
Data
Data
source
type
BAPD 8(3)
[a 1LoeI
[Metals]
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 3(3)
[8 1LoeJ
[81Loe]
M2
[06Mat]
M2
JPE 13(1)
M2
BAPD 6(1)
JAPD 6( 1)
BAPD 1l(5)
[42Gru]
BAPD lO(2)
[36Gru]
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 8(6)
BAPD 8(1)
M2
Binary Nickel
[59Ell,Shunk]
[77Wat]
M2
M2
BAPD 9(4)
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(3)
[60Gra]
[64Rit]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
[Moffatt]
[Shunk]
JAPD 3(1)
M2
M2
[56Carl
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
System
Nb-Y
Nb-Yb
Nb-Zn
*Nb-Zr
*Nd-Ni
Nd-Np
Nd-0
Nd-0s
Nd-P
Nd-Pb
Nd-Pd
Nd-Pm
Nd-Pr
*Nd-Pt
Nd-PU
Nd-Rb
Nd-Re
*Nd-Rh
Nd-RU
Nd-S
*Nd-Sb
Nd-SC
Nd-Se
*Nd-Si
Nd-Sm
*Nd-Sn
Nd-Sr
Nd-Ta
Nd-Tb
*Nd-Te
Nd-Th
*Nd-Ti
Published
M2
M2
M2
M2.92
M2,92
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
NoData
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Nd-TI
Nd-Tm
Nd-U
Nd-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Nd-Y
Nd-Yb
*Nd-Zn
Nd-Zr
Ne-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
Ni-Np
*Ni-0
*Ni-0s
*Ni-P
*Ni-Pb
*Ni-Pd
Ni-Pm
Ni-Po
*Ni-Pr
*Ni-Pt
*Ni-Pu
Ni-Rb
*Ni-Re
*Ni-Rh
*Ni-Ru
*Ni-S
*Ni-Sb
*Ni-Sc
*Ni-Se
*Ni-Si
*Ni-Sm
*Ni-Sn
Ni-Sr
*Ni-Ta
Ni-Tb
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
NoData
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
Data
source
type
Binary
Tungsten
JPE 12(2)
M2
JPE 13(4)
BAPD 3(1)
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 3(2)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 3(3)
M2
BAPD lO(3)
BAPD 3(2)
M2
[78Esh]
[Moffatt]
M2
M2
[67Bad 1]
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 3(2)
BAPD 3(2)
[72Mas]
[Shunk,Elliott]
Binary
Tungsten
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
[Moffatt]
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
2.1 8/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Published
Ni-Tc
*Ni-Te
Ni-Th
*Ni-Ti
Ni-TI
Ni-Tm
*Ni-U
*Ni-V
*Ni-W
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
*Ni-Y
*Ni-Y b
*Ni-Zn
*Ni-Zr
Np-0
Np-0s
Np-P
Np-Pb
Np-Pd
Np-Pr
Np-Pt
*Np-Pu
Np-Rb
Np-Re
Np-Rh
Np-RU
Np-S
Np-Sb
Np-SC
Np-Se
Np-Si
Np-Sm
Np-Sn
Np-Sr
Np-Ta
Np-Tb
Np-Te
Np-Th
Np-Ti
Np-TI
Np-Tm
*Np-U
Np-V
Np-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
No Data
No Data
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
Np-Y
Np-Yb
Np-Zn
Np-Zr
0-0s
0-Pa
*0-Pb
0-Pd
0-Pm
0-Po
*0-Pr
0-Pt
*0-Pu
0-Rb
0-Re
0-Rh
0-RU
0-Sb
0-Sc
0-Se
0-Si
0-Sm
*0-Sn
0-Sr
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
0-Ta
0-Tb
0-TC
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
[O~VOS]
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary
Tungsten
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
Binary Nickel
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 1 q 2 )
BAPD 6(3)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 6(3)
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
BAPD 9(2)
[Pearson31
M2
M2
M2
[Pearsod]
BAPD 1l(2)
M2
[Pearsod]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(1)
M2
[Hansen]
[56Swa,
63Schl
[72Jeh]
M2
M2
Data
type
System
Published
0-Te
0-Th
*0-Ti
M2
M2
M2
0-TI
0-Tm
0-u
*0-v
M2
M2
M2
M2
*0-W
M2
*0-Y
0-Yb
0-Zn
*0-Zr
0s-P
0s-Pb
0s-Pd
0s-Pr
*Os-Pt
*os-Pu
0s-Rb
*Os-Re
*OS-Rh
*OS-Ru
0s-S
0s-Sb
0s-Sc
0s-Se
*Os-Si
0s-Sm
0s-Sn
0s-Sr
0s-Ta
0s-Tb
0s-TC
0s-Te
0s-Th
*Os-Ti
0s-TI
0s-Tm
*os-u
*Os-v
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
*Os-W
M2,92
0s-Y
0s-Yb
0s-Zn
*Os-Zr
P-Pa
P-Pb
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*P-Pd
*P-Pr
P-Pt
P-Pu
P-Rb
P-Re
P-Rh
*P-Ru
P-S
P-Sb
P-Sc
P-Se
P-Si
P-Sm
*P-Sn
P-Sr
P-Ta
P-Tb
P-Tc
P-Te
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
91
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
M2
[Smith]
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
[Elliott]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD ll(1)
M2
BAPD 8(2)
BAPD 7(2)
M2
[63Ty11
M2
M2
[55Kon]
[8 lLoe]
[62Tyll]
M2
WTYW
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[59Com,8OPal]
M2
[60Kau]
[59Boz,80Pal]
M2
M2
M2
Binary Nickel
M2
[Shunk]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[73Sav]
M2
M2
M2
M2
[1898Gra,
22BruI
Unpublished
[Moffatt]
BAPD 1l(5)
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(4)
M2
[79Bla]
JPE 12(2)
M2
Unpublished
BAPD 6(2)
M2
[2OViv]
M2
[Pearson31
M2
M2
[42Mon]
Data
type
System
Published
P-Th
*P-Ti
M2
M2
P-TI
P-Tm
P-u
P-v
P-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
P-Y
P-Yb
*P-Zn
P-Zr
Pa-Pt
Pa-Rh
Pa-Sb
Pa-Th
Pa-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Pb-Pd
Pb-Pm
Pb-Po
*Pb-Pr
*Pb-Pt
*Pb-PU
*Pb-Rb
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Pb-Re
*Pb-Rh
Pb-RU
*Pb-S
*Pb-Sb
Pb-SC
*Pb-Se
Pb-Si
Pb-Sm
*Pb-Sn
*Pb-Sr
Pb-Ta
Pb-Tb
*Pb-Te
Pb-Th
Pb-Ti
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Pb-TI
Pb-Tm
Pb-U
Pb-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Pb-W
M2
*Pb-Y
*Pb-Yb
*Pb-Zn
Pb-Zr
Pd-Pr
*Pd-Pt
*Pd-PU
Pd-Rb
Pd-Re
*Pd-Rh
*Pd-RU
*Pd-S
*Pd-Sb
Pd-SC
*Pd-Se
*Pd-Si
*Pd-Sm
*Pd-Sn
Pd-Sr
Pd-Ta
Pd-Tb
Pd-TC
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2.92
M2
M2,91
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
Data
source
M2
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
M2
JPE 12(4)
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
JPE 12(4)
M2
BAPD lO(2)
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
M2
[63Wil]
M2
M2
[Hansen]
BAPD 9(3)
[77Kuz,
64Hewl
M2
M2
BAPD 7(4)
BAPD 2(1)
Unpublished
BAPD 5(3)
[Moffatt]
BAPD 9(2)
[8 lBru]
M2
BAPD lO(4)
M2
Binary
Titanium
[Hultgren,B]
M2
BAPD 8(6)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[67Car]
JPE 12(4)
[Hansen]
M2
JAPD 6(2)
M2
[67Kutl]
[8 lLoe]
M2
M2
M2
[76Mat]
M2
M2
JPE 13(1)
JPE 12(3)
M2
M2
M2
JAPD 6(2)
M2
M2
Data
type
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/Z*l9
System
Published
*Pd-Te
Pd-Th
*Pd-Ti
M2
M2
M2
*Pd-TI
Pd-Tm
*Pd-U
*Pd-V
*Pd-W
*Pd-Y
*Pd-Yb
*Pd-Zn
Pd-Zr
Pm-Po
Pm-Pr
Pm-Pu
Pm-Rb
Pm-Ru
Pm-Sm
Pm-Tb
Pm-Th
Pm-TI
Pm-Tm
Pm-V
Pm-W
Pm-Y
Po-Pr
Po-Pt
Po-S
Po-Sc
Po-Sm
Po-Sr
Po-Ta
Po-Tb
Po-Ti
Po-Tm
Po-W
Po-Y
Po-Yb
Po-Zn
Po-Zr
Pr-Pt
Pr-Pu
Pr-Rb
Pr-Re
Pr-Rh
Pr-Ru
Pr-S
*Pr-Sb
Pr-Sc
*Pr-Se
*Pr-Si
Pr-Sm
*Pr-Sn
Pr-Sr
Pr-Ta
Pr-Tb
Pr-Tc
*Pr-Te
Pr-Th
Pr-Ti
*Pr-TI
Pr-Tm
Pr-U
Pr-V
Data
Data
source
type
JPE 13(1)
M2
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
M2
M2
[56Cat,
M2,92
63Pell
M2
Binary
Vanadium
M2,91,92 Binarv
~unkten
M2,91
M2
M2
[73Ian]
M2
M2
M2,92
JAPD 6( 1)
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2.92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[88Sac]
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
M2
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
M2
[63Ker,Shunk]
M2
M2
M2
[Hansen]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[60Wit]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
[64Ell]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
[70Yar]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
[Moffatt]
M2
M2
M2
[64Dar]
M2
[70Yar]
M2
[67Badl]
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
System
Pr-W
Published
M2
Pr-Y
Pr-Yb
*Pr-Zn
Pt-Pu
Pt-Rb
Pt-Re
*Pt-Rh
Pt-RU
Pt-S
Pt-Sb
Pt-Sc
Pt-Se
*Pt-Si
Pt-Sm
*Pt-Sn
Pt-Sr
Pt-Ta
Pt-Tb
Pt-TC
*Pt-Te
Pt-Th
*Pt-Ti
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Pt-TI
Pt-Tm
*Pt-U
*Pt-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Pt-W
M2,91
Pt-Y
Pt-Yb
Pt-Zn
*Pt-Zr
Pu-Rb
Pu-Re
Pu-Rh
Pu-Ru
Pu-S
Pu-Sb
*Pu-Sc
Pu-Se
Pu-Si
Pu-Sm
Pu-Sn
Pu-Sr
Pu-Ta
Pu-Tb
Pu-Te
Pu-Th
Pu-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Pu-TI
Pu-Tm
*Pu-u
Pu-v
Pu-W
M2
M2
M2.92
M2,91
M2
Pu-Y
Pu-Yb
*Pu-Zn
*Pu-Zr
Ra-S
Ra-Se
Ra-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Rb-Re
Rb-Rh
Rb-RU
Rb-S
*Rb-Sb
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
Data
source
type
Binary
Tungsten
M2
[70Mas]
BAPD lO(4a)
[8 lLoe]
M2
[Moffatt]
[72Hut]
Unpublished
M2
M2
M2
JPE 12(5)
M2
[Hansen]
M2
[8 1Wat]
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(3)
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
BAPD 1l(3)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 1l(5)
M2
JPE 12(4)
M2
[67Bow]
[78Lan]
[67Kut2]
M2
M2
M2
M2
[Shunk]
M2
BAPD 9(2)
M2
JPE 12(5)
M2
M2
BAPD 6(3)
Binary
Titanium
[58Boc]
M2
BAPD 10(2)
JPE 12(5)
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
[Chiotti]
[Elliott]
M2
M2
Binary
Tungsten
(8 ILoe]
[8 ILoe]
M2
[61Dor2]
System
Published
Rb-Sc
*Rb-Se
Rb-Si
Rb-Sm
Rb-Sn
Rb-Sr
Rb-Ta
Rb-Tb
Rb-Te
Rb-Th
Rb-Ti
*Rb-TI
Rb-Tm
Rb-U
Rb-V
No Data
M2
M2
NoData
M2
M2
M2.91
No Data
M2
NoData
M2
M2
NoData
NoData
M2
Rb-Y
Rb-Yb
Rb-Zn
Rb-Zr
Re-Rh
*Re-Ru
Re-S
Re-Sb
Re-Sc
Re-Se
*Re-Si
Re-Sm
Re-Sn
Re-Sr
Re-Ta
Re-Tb
Re-Tc
*Re-Te
Re-Th
Re-Ti
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Re-TI
Re-Tm
*Re-U
*Re-V
No Data
M2
M2
M2
Re-Y
Re-Yb
Re-Zn
Re-Zr
Rh-RU
Rh-S
Rh-Sb
Rh-SC
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
*Rh-Se
Rh-Si
Rh-Sm
Rh-Sn
Rh-Sr
*Rh-Ta
Rb-Tb
Rh-TC
Rh-Te
Rh-Th
*Rh-Ti
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
M2
Rh-TI
Rh-Tm
*Rh-U
*Rh-V
No Data
M2
M2
M2
Data
Data
source
type
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 6(1)
JAPD 6(3)
Unpublished
BAPD lO(2)
[70Thu]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 8(5)
BAPD 8(1)
[62Ty13]
[62Rud]
M2
M2
[66Sav]
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
[60Bro]
[68Sav]
M2
[77Kur]
[77Gar]
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[6 ILun]
M2
M2
M2
[84Pas]
[Moffatt]
[Shunk]
[58Com,
6 lDwi]
M2
JPE 13(1)
M2
[Hansen]
M2
[64Gie]
M2
M2
M2
[63Tho]
Binary
Titanium
M2
[Ivanov]
Binary
Vanadium
2*20/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
System
Published
Rh-W
M2
Rh-Y
Rh-Yb
Rh-Zn
Rh-Zr
Rn-W
M2
M2
M2
M2
RU-S
RU-Sb
RU-SC
Ru-Se
*Ru-Si
Ru-Sm
Ru-Sn
Ru-Sr
*Ru-Ta
RU-Tb
RU-TC
Ru-Te
Ru-Th
*Ru-Ti
RU-TI
Ru-Tm
*Ru-U
*Ru-V
RU-W
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
M2,91
M2
No Data
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2,92
Ru-Y
RU-Yb
Ru-Zn
Ru-Zr
S-Sb
S-Sc
*S-Se
S-Si
S-Sm
*S-Sn
S-Sr
S-Ta
S-Tb
S-Tc
*S-Te
S-Th
*S-Ti
M2
M2
S-TI
S-Tm
S-u
S-v
M2
M2
M2
M2
S-W
M2
S-Y
S-Yb
S-Zn
S-Zr
*Sb-Se
*Sb-Si
*Sb-Sm
*Sb-Sn
*Sb-Sr
Sb-Ta
*Sb-Tb
*Sb-Te
Sb-Th
Sb-Ti
*Sb-TI
Sb-Tm
*Sb-U
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Binary
Tungsten
M2
[76Ian]
M2
Unpublished
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
[Moffatt]
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
[63Tho]
Binary
Titanium
D
M2
BAPD 2(4)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
r76Ianl
~i
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
BAPD 7(3)
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 10(4)
~,
M2
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
[78Eli]
Unpublished
M2
M2
BAPD 6(5)
M2
[7 lPre]
[75Vak]
M2
M2
M2
Binary
Titanium
Unpublished
M2
BAPD l(2)
Data
type
System
Published
Sb-V
M2
Sb-W
M2,92
*Sb-Y
Sb-Yb
*Sb-Zn
Sb-Zr
Sc-Se
Sc-Si
Sc-Sm
Sc-Sn
Sc-Sr
Sc-Ta
SC-Tb
SC-TC
Sc-Te
SC-Th
*&-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2,91
M2
SC-TI
Sc-Tm
Sc-u
Sc-v
No Data
No Data
M2
M2
Sc-W
M2
*Sc-Y
SC-Yb
Sc-Zn
*Sc-Zr
Se-Si
Se-Sm
*Se-Sn
*Se-Sr
Se-Ta
Se-Tb
*Se-Te
Se-Th
Se-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
*%TI
*Se-Tm
*Se-U
Se-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Se-W
M2
Se-Y
Se-Y b
Se-Zn
Se-Zr
Si-Sm
*Si-Sn
*Si-Sr
*Si-Ta
Si-Tb
Si-Tc
*Si-Te
*Si-Th
*Si-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Si-TI
Si-Tm
*Si-U
*Si-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Si-W
M2
Si-Y
Si-Yb
*Si-Zn
*Si-Zr
M2,91
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[70Sch]
M2
[27Tak,66Vui]
Unpublished
M2
BAPD 7(4)
M2
M2
[66Den 11
M2
M2
M2
[69Bad]
Binary
Titanium
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 4(2)
M2
[Pears01131
JPE 12(1)
M2
M2
BAPD 7(1)
[75LysI
[Pears01131
M2
Unpublished
[Hansen]
Binary
Titanium
[8 1Mor]
M2
[75Ell]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
BAPD 9(5)
BAPD 5(3)
BAPD lO(6)
Unpublished
M2
M2
[80Dav]
[Thorium]
Binary
Titanium
BAPD 6(6)
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 7(5)
M2
BAPD 6(6)
BAPD 1l(5)
Data
type
System
Published
*Sm-Sn
Sm-Sr
Sm-Ta
Sm-Tb
Sm-Te
Sm-Th
Sm-Ti
*Sm-TI
Sm-Tm
Sm-U
Sm-V
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
Sm-W
M2
Sm-Y
Sm-Yb
*Sm-Zn
Sm-Zr
Sn-Sr
Sn-Ta
Sn-Tb
Sn-Tc
*Sn-Te
Sn-Th
*Sn-Ti
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Sn-TI
Sn-Tm
*Sn-U
Sn-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
Sn-W
M2
*Sn-Y
*Sn-Yb
*Sn-Zn
*Sn-Zr
Sr-Ta
Sr-Tb
*Sr-Te
Sr-Th
Sr-Ti
M2
M2
M2
M2
No Data
No Data
M2
No Data
M2
*Sr-TI
Sr-Tm
Sr-U
Sr-V
M2
No Data
M2
M2
Sr-W
M2
Sr-Y
Sr-Yb
*Sr-Zn
Sr-Zr
T-Ta
Ta-Tb
Ta-Tc
Ta-Te
*Ta-Th
*Ta-Ti
M2
No Data
M2
No Data
92
M2
M2
M2,92
M2
M2
Ta-TI
Ta-Tm
*Ta-U
*Ta-V
M2
M2
M2
M2
*Ta-W
M2
Ta-Y
Ta-Yb
Ta-Zn
*Ta-Zr
Tb-TC
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
Data
source
Data
type
[82Bor]
[66Den2]
M2
M2
M2
Unpublished
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 4(2)
[Moffatt]
[Elliott]
M2
M2
M2
BAPD 7(1)
BAPD lO(4a)
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
BAPD 8(4)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
JPE 12(4)
BAPD 6(4)
BAPD 4(2)
[75LysI
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
[90Con]
[66Denl]
M2
JPE 13(3)
JAPD 5(1)
Binary
Titanium
M2
[66Den I]
JAPD 4(3)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
[Pearsod]
JAPD 5(2)
M2
(continued)
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*21
System
Tb-Te
Tb-Th
Tb-Ti
*Tb-TI
Tb-Tm
Tb-U
Tb-V
Tb-W
Tb-Y
Tb-Y b
Tb-Zn
Tb-Zr
Tc-Te
Tc-Th
Tc-Ti
Tc-U
Tc -V
Tc-W
TC-Y
Tc-Zn
Tc-Zr
Te-Th
Te-Ti
*Te-T1
Te-Tm
*Te-U
Te-V
Te-W
Te-Y
*Te-Yb
*Te-Zn
Te-Zr
Published
Data
source
M2
[67Bad2]
[83Kub]
Unpublished
M2
[Elliott]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
BAPD 4(2)
M2
M2
[Moffatt]
M2
[65Dar]
Binary
Titanium
[65Dar]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
[64Cha]
M2
M2
Binary
Titanium
M2
M2
[Moffatt]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
BAPD 8(1)
M2
Data
type
System
*Th-Ti
*Th-TI
Th-Tm
Th-U
Th-V
Th-W
Th-Y
Th-Yb
*Th-Zn
*Th-Zr
Ti-Tm
*Ti-U
*Ti-V
*Ti-W
*Ti-Y
Ti-Yb
Ti-Zn
*Ti-Zr
TI-Tm
TI-U
T1-V
TI-W
T1-Y
*TI-Yb
*TI-Zn
TI-Zr
Tm-U
Tm-V
Published
Data
source
Binary
Titanium
M2
[Moffatt]
BAPD 6(5)
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
[60Eas]
M2, D
[6 lChi]
[58Gib,61Joh]
M2
Binary
Titanium
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Titanium
M2
Binary
Titanium
Binary
Titanium
M2
[52Ian,63Johj
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
Unpublished
[07Veg,52Sei]
M2
M2
Binary
Vanadium
Data
type
System
Tm-W
Tm-Y
Tm-Yb
Tm-Zn
Tm-Zr
U-v
u-W
u-Y
U-Yb
U-Zn
*U-Zr
*v-W
v-Y
V-Y b
V-Zn
*V-Zr
W-Xe
W-Y
W-Yb
W-Zn
*W-Zr
Y-Y b
*Y-Zn
*Y-Zr
*Yb-Zn
Yb-Zr
Zn-Zr
Published
Data
source
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
M2
[Shunk]
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
BAPD l(2)
BAPD 10(2)
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Vanadium
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Tungsten
Binary
Tungsten
M2
M2
JPE 12(4)
[68Mas]
M2
JPE 13(4)
Data
type
2*22/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
References Cited in Binary Alloys Index
The references listed below represent the best
available sources for the diagrams and data
developed from them. They do not, however,
represent evaluations conducted under the International Alloy Phase Diagram Programme.
1898Gra: A. Granger, Ann. Chim. Phys., 14,
5-90 (1898).
05Bol: W. v.Bolton, Z. Elektrochem., 11, 5 1
(1905).
05Emi: F. Emich, Monatsh. Chem., 26, 1013
(1905).
06Mat: C.H. Mathewson, Z. Anorg. Allg.
Chem., 50, 192-195 (1906).
07Veg: A.V. Vegesack, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem.,
52,30-34 (1907).
08Fis: F. Fisher and G. Iliovich, Ber. Dtsch.
Chem Ges., 41, 3802, 4449 (1908); 42, 527
(1909); quoted in [Elliott].
08Fri: K. Friedrich, Metallurgie, 5, 212-215
(1908).
08Vos: G. Voss, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 57,
49-52 (1908).
10Sie: A. Sieverts and W. Krumbhaar, Ber.
Dtsch. Chem. Ges.,43,894(1910) inGerman.
20Viv: A.C. Vivian, J. Inst. Met. 23, 325-366
(1920).
22Bru: A. Brukel, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 125,
255-256 (1922).
27Tak: T. Takei, Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., 16,
1031-1056 (1927).
30Mul: L. Muller, Ann. Phys., 7,947 (1930) in
German.
34Gru: G. Grube and G. Schaufler, Z. Elektrochem., 40,593-600 (1934).
36Gru: G. Grube and A. Schmidt, Z. Elektrochem., 42,201-209 (1936).
38Gru: G. Grube and A. Dietrich, Z. Elektrochem., 44,755-758 (1938).
40And: K.W. Andrews, H.E. Davies, W. HumeRothery, and C.R. Oswin, Proc. Roy. Soc.
(London),A177, 149-167 (1940-1941).
41Rol: L. Rolla and A. Iandelli, Ric. Sci., 20,
1216-1226(1941).
42Gru: G. Grube and L. Botzenhardt, Z. Elektrochem., 48,418-425 (1942).
42Mon: E. Montignie, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 9,
658-661 (1942).
5OBer: J. Berak and T. Heumann, Z. Metallkd.,
41, 19-23 (1950).
52Ian: A. Iandelli and R. Ferro, Ann. Chim.
(Rome),42,598-606 (1952).
52Now: H. Nowotny, E. Bauer, A. Stampfl, and
H. Bittner, Monatsh. Chem., 83, 221-236
(1952).
52Kos: W. Koster and E. Horn, Z. Metallkd., 43,
444449 (1952).
52Sei: W. Seith, H. Johnson, and J. Wagner, Z.
Metallkd., 46,773-779 (1952).
53Gea: G.A. Geach and R.A. Jettery, J.Met., 5,
1084 (1953).
54Vog: R. Vogel and H. Klose, Z. Metallkd., 45,
633-638 (1954).
55Kon: S.T. Konobeevsky, Conf. Acad. Sci.
USSR. Peaceful Uses Atomic Energy, Div.
Chem. Sci., 1 (1955).
55Rau: E. Raub and W. Mahler, Z. Metallkd.,
46,282-290 (1955).
56Car: O.N. Carlson, J.M. Dickenson, H.E.
Lunt, and H.A. Wilhelm, Trans. AIME, 206,
132-136 (1956).
56Cat: J.A. Catterall, J.D. Grogan, and R.J.
Pleasance, J. InstMet., 85,63-67 (1956).
56Mul: R.N.P. Mulford andG.E. Sturdy,J.Am.
Chem. Soc., 78,3897-3901(1956).
56Pel: E. Pelzel, Metall, 10,717-718 (1956).
56Rau: E. Raub and W. Plate, Z. Metallkd., 47,
688-693 (1956) in German.
56Swa: H.E. Swanson, N.T. Gilfrich, and G.M.
Ugrinic, NBS Circ. 539 (1956).
56'Iku: F.A. Trumbore, C.D. Thurmond, and M.
Kowalchik, J. Chem. Phys., 24, 1112 (1956).
58Boc: A.A. Bochvar et al., Proc. U.N. Int
Conf. Peaceful Uses At. Energy, 2nd, Geneva,
Vol. 6, 184-193(1958); quoted from [Shunk].
58Com: V.B. Compton, Acta Crystallogr., 11,
446 (1958).
58Dom: R.F. Domagala, R.P. Elliott, and W.
Rostoker, Trans.AIME, 212,393-395 (1958)
58Gib: E.D. Gibson, B.A. Loomis, and O.N.
Carlson, Trans. ASM, SO, 348-369 (1958).
58Mul: R.N.R. Mulford, USAEC, AECU-3813
(1958).
59Boz: R.M. Bozworth, B.T. Matthias, H. Suhl,
E. Corenzwit, and D.D. Davis, Phys. Rev.,
115, 1595-1596(1959).
59Com: V.B. Compton and B.T. Matthias, Acta
Crystallogr., 12,651-654 (1959).
59Ell: R.P. Elliott, Trans. ASM, 52, 990-1014
(1959).
59Hel: A. Hellawell, J. Less-Common Met., I ,
343-347 (1959).
59Sch: F.W. Schonfeld, E.M. Crarner, W.N.
Miner, F.H. Elinger, and A S . Coffmbeny,
Progress in Nuclear Energy, Ser. V, Vol. 2,
Pergamon Press, New York, 579-599, (1959).
60Bec: R.L. Beck, USAEC, LAR-10, 93 p
(1960).
60Bro: J.H. Brophy, P. Schwarzkopt, and J.
Wulff, Trans. AIME, 218.9 10-914 (1960).
60Cro: J. Croni, C.E. Armantrout, and H. Kato,
U S . Bur. Mines, Rep. Invest. 5688, 12 p
(1960).
60Eas: D.T. Eash and O.N. Carlson, Trans,
ASM, 52, 1097-1114 (1960).
60Gra: N.J. Grant and B.C. Giessen, WADD
Tech. Rept., 60-132, 90-112 (1960); J. Met.,
13,87 (1961); as quoted in [Elliott].
60Kau: A.R. Kaufmann, E.J. Rapperport, and
M.F. Smith, WADD Tech. Rep. 60- 132,33-39
(1960).
60Lya: V.S. Lyashenko and V. Bykov, At.Energy (USSR), 8, 146-148 (1960) in Russian;
TR:Sov. J. At. Energy, 8, 132-134 (1960).
60Petl: D.T. Peterson and M. Indig, J. Am.
Chem. Soc., 80,5645-5646 (1960).
60Pet2: D.T. Peterson and D.J. Beerntsen,
Trans. ASM, 52,763-777 (1960).
60Pre: B. Predel, Z. Phys. Chem., 24,206-216
(1960).
60Sav: E.M. Savitskii and C.V. Kopetskii, Zh.
Neorg, Khim., 5, 2638-2640 (1960) in Russian; TR: Russ J . Inorg. Chem., 5 , 1274-1275
(1960).
60Wit: W.G. Witteman, A.L. Giorgi, and D.T.
Vier, J. Phys. Chem.,64,434-440 (1960).
61Chi: P. Chiotti and K.J. Gill, Trans. AIME,
221,573-580 (1961 ).
61Dorl: F.W. Dom, W. Klemm, and S.
Lohmeyer, 2. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 209, 204209 (1961).
61Dor2: F.W. Dom and W. Klernrn, Z. Anorg.
Allg. Chem., 309, 189-203 (1961).
61Dwi: A.E. Dwight, J.W. Downey, and R.A.
Comer, Jr., Acta Crystallogr., 14, 75-76
(1961).
61Joh: R.H. Johnson and R.W.K. Honeycombe, J. Nucl. Muter, 4,66-69 (1961).
61Lun: C.E. Lundin, in The Rare Earths, F.H.
Spedding and A.H. Daane, Ed., John Wiley &
Sons, New York, 263-264 (1961).
6lLov: B. Love, WADD Tech. Rep., 61-123,
179p (1961); quoted in [Elliott].
61Poo: D.M. Poole, M.G. Bale, P.G. Mardon,
J.A.C. Marples, and J.L. Nichols, Plutonium
1960, Cleaver-Humes Press, London, 267280 (1961).
61Sav: E.M. Savitskii, M.A. Tylkina, R.V.
Kirilenko, and C.V. Kopetskii, Zh. Neorg.
Khim., 6, 1474-1476 (1961) in Russian; TR:
Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 6,755-756 (1961).
62Lun: C.E. Lundin and D.T. Klodt, Trans.
AIME, 224,367-372 (1962).
62Rap: E.J. Rapperport and M.F. Smith, Tech.
Rep., WADD-TR-60-132,Pt. II,8-27 (1962).
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.23
62Rud: E. Rudy, B. Kietter, and H. Froelich, Z.
Metallkd., 53,90-92 (1962).
62-11: M.A. Tylkina, V.P. Polyakova, and
E.M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorg. Khim., 7, 14691470 (1962) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Inorg.
Chem., 7,755-756 (1962).
62-12: M.A. Tylkina, V.P. Polyakova, and
E.M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorg. Khim., 7, 14671468 (1962) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Inorg.
Chem., 7,755-756 (1962).
62-13: M.A. Tylkina, V.P. Polyakova, and
E.M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorg. Khim., 7, 19191927 (1962) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Inorg.
Chem., 7,990-996 (1962).
63Joh: I. Johnson and M.G. Chasanov, Trans.
ASM, 56,272-277 (1963).
63Ker: C.J. Kershner and R.H. Steinmeyer,
USAEC, MLM-1163, F1 -F6 (1963).
63Liu: C.H. Liu, AS. Pashinkin, and A.V. Novoselova, Dokl. Akad. NaukSSSR, 151,13351338 (1963) in Russian; TR: Dokl. Chem.,
151,662-664 (1963).
630br: W. Obrowski, Metall, 17, 108-112
(1963).
63Pel: G.P. Pells, J. Inst. Met., 92, 416-418
(1963-1964).
63Sch: S.J. Schneider, NBS Monograph 68,31
PP (1963).
63Tay: A. Taylor, B.J. Kagle, and N.J. Doyle,
J. Less-Common Met., 5 , 26-40 (1963).
63Tho: J.R. Thompson, J. Less-Common Met.,
5,437-442 (1963).
6351: M.A. Tylkina, V.P. Polyakova, and
O.Kh. Khamidov, Zh. Neorg. Khim., 8, 776778 (1963) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Inorg.
Chem., 8,395-397 (1963).
63Wil: G.P. Williams and L. Slifkin, Acta Metall., 11,319-322 (1963).
64Cha: M.G. Chasanov, I. Johnson, and R.V.
Schablaske, J. Less-Common Met., 7 , 127132 (1964).
64Dar: J.B. Darby, Jr., L.J. Norton, and J.W.
Downey, J. Less-Common Met., 6, 165-167
(1964).
64Ell: R.P. Elliott, in Rare Earth Research 111,
Proc. 4th Conf. Rare Earth Res., L. Eyring,
Ed., Gordon and Breach, New York, 215-245
(1964).
64Gie: B.C. Giessen, H. Ibach, and N.J. Grant,
Trans.AlME, 230, 113-122 (1964).
64Hew: I.F. Hewaidy, E. Busmann, and W.
Klemm, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 328,283-293
(1964).
640bil: I. Obinata, Y. Takeuchi, K. Kurihara,
and M. Watanabe, Nippon Kinzoku Gakkaishi,
28,562-568 (1964).
640bi2: I. Obinata, Y. Takeuchi, K. Kurihara,
and M. Watanabe,Nippon Kinzoku Gakkaishi,
28,568-576 (1964).
64Pec: W.H. Pechin, D.E. Williams, and
W.L. Larsen, Trans. ASM, 57, 464-473
(1964).
64Pet: D.T. Peterson and R.P. Colbum, USAEC
Comm. IS-613, 13 p (1964); quoted from
[Shunk].
64Rhy: D.W. Rhys and E.G. Price, Met. Ind.,
105,243-247 (1964).
64Rit: D.L. Ritter, B.C. Giessen, and N.J.
Grant, Trans. AIME, 230, 1250-1267 (1964).
64Wit: L.J. Wittenburg and G.R. Grove,
USAEC, MLM-1208, 8-11 (1964); USAEC,
MLM-1244 , p 56 (1964); quoted in
[Shunk].
65Dar: J.B. Darby, Jr., A.F. Bemdt, and J.W.
Downey, J. Less-Common Met., 9 , 466-468
(1965).
65Ell: R.P. Elliott, in Rare Earth Research 111,
L. Eyring, Ed., Gordon and Breach, Science
Publishers, New York, 215-245 (1965).
65Haa: D.J. Haase, H. Steinfink, and E.J.
Weiss, in Rare Earth Research 111, Gordon
and Breach, Science Publishers, New York,
535-544 (1965).
65Swi: J.H. Swisher, NASA Tech. Note,
NASA-TN-D-2734, 18 p (1965); quoted in
[Shunk].
66Bru: G. Bruzzone, Ann. Chim. (Rome),56,
1306-1319 (1966).
66Denl: D.H. Dennison, M.J. Tschetter, and
K.A. Gschneidner, Jc, J. Less-Common
Met.,lO (2), 108-115 (1966).
66Den2: D.H. Dennison, M.J. Tschetter, and
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common
Met.,11,423-435 (1966).
66Ell: F.H. Ellinger, K.A. Johnson, and V.O.
Struebing, J. Nucl. Mat., 20, 83-86 (1966).
66Sav: E.M. Savitskiy, M.A. Tylkina, and
O.Kh. Khamidov, Russ. Metall., 4 , 52-56
(1966).
66Vui: G. Vuillard and J.P. Piton, Compt. Rend.
C , 263, 1018-1021 (1966).
67Badl: T.A. Badayeva and R.I. Juznetsova,
Russ. Metall., (I), 89-92 (1967).
67Bad2: T.A. Badayeva and R.I. Juznetsova,
Russ. Metall., 6,99-100 (1967).
67Bow: D.F. Bowersox and J.A. Leary, J . Nucl.
Mater., 21,219-224 (1967).
67Car: O.N. Carlson, F.A. Schmidt, and D.E.
Diesburg, Trans.ASM, 60(2), 119-124(1967).
67Jan: G. Jangg, H.R. Kirchmayr, and W. Lugscheider, Z. Metallkd.. 58,724-726 (1967) in
German.
67Kirl: H.R. Kirchmayr and W. Lugscheider,
Z. Metallkd., 58(3), 185-188 (1967).
67Kir2: H.R. Kirchmayr and W. Lugscheider,
Z. Metallkd., 58, 185-193 (1967) in German.
67Kutl: V.I. Kutaitsev, N.T. Chebortarev, I.G.
Lebedev, M.A. Andrianov, V.N. Konev, and
T.S. Menshikova, Plutonium 1965, Chapman
& Hall, London, 420-449 (1967).
67Kut2: V.I. Kutaitsev, N.T. Chebortarev, I.G.
Lebedev, M.A. Andrianov, V.N. Konev, and
T.S. Menshikova, Plutonium 1965, Chapman
& Hall, London, 420-447 (1967).
67Mcm: O.D. McMasters and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Met., 13, 193-199
(1967).
67Par: J.K. Pargeter and W. Hume-Rothery, J.
Less-Common Met., 12, 366-374 (1967).
67Rus: P.G. Rustamov, B.N. Mardakhaev, and
M.G. Safarov, Inorg. M a t e ~ , 3 ( 3 )429-433
,
(1967).
67Sto: E.K. Storms, The Refractory Carbides,
Academic Press, New York (1967).
68Gull: B.B. Gulyaev and G.F. Dvorshkaya,
inphase Diagrams of Metallic Systems, E.M.
Savitskii, Ed., Akad. Nauk SSSR, 267-273
(1 968) in Russian.
68Gu12: B.B. Gulyaev, in Phase Diagrams of
Metallic Systems, E.M. Savitskii, Ed., Nauka,
Moscow, 257-267 (1986) in Russian.
68Mas: J.T. Mason and P. Chiotti, Trans.AIME,
242, 1167-1171 (1968).
68Mcm: O.D. McMasters, T.J. O'Keefe, and
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Trans. Metall. Soc.
AIME, 242(5), 936-939 (1968).
68Sav: E.M. Savitskii and O.Kh. Khamidov,
Russ. Metall., (6), 108-111 (1968).
69Bad: T.A. Badayeraand R.I. Kuznetsova,Izv.
Akad. NaukSSSR, Met., (15), 156-193(1969)
in Russian; TR: Russ. Metall., ( 3 , 101-106
(1969).
69Benl: R. Benz and P. L. Stone, High Temp.
Sci., 1, 114-127 (1969).
69Ben2: R. Benz, C.G. Hoffman, and G.N.
Rupert, High. Temp. Sci., 1,342-359 (1969).
69Bor: V.A. Boryaleova, Ya Kh. Grinberg, E.G.
Shukov, V.A. Koryazhkin, and Z.S. Medvedeva, Inorg. Mater. J, 397-399 (1969).
69Mcm: O.D. McMasters and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Met., 19. 337-344
(1969).
70Kir: H.R. Kirchmayr and W. Lugscheider, Z.
Metallkd, 6l,22-23 (1970).
70Mas: J.T. Mason and P. Chiotti, Metall.
Trans., I , 21 19-2123 (1970).
70Sad: O.A. Sadovskaya and E.I. Yarembash,
Russ. Inorg. Mater., 6(7), 1097-1101 (1970).
70Sch: F.A. Schmidt and O.D. McMasters, J.
Less-Common Met., 21,415-425 (1970).
70Thu: R. Thurnrnel and W. Klemm, Z. Anorg.
Allg. Chem., 376,44-63 (1970) in German.
70Woo: D.H. Wood, E.M. Cramer, and P.L.
Wallace, Nucl. Metall., 17,707-719 (1970).
70Yar: E.I. Yarembach, Colloq. Intern. CNRS
(Paris),1,472-481 (1970).
71Cun: P.T. Cunningham, S.A. Johnson, and
E.J. Cairns, J. Electrochem. Soc., 118, 19411944 (1971).
71Gri: R.B. Griffin and K.A. Gschneidner, Jc,
Metall. Trans., 2(9), 25 17-2524 (1971).
7lPre: B. Predel and W. Schwermann, J. Inst.
Met., 99, 169-173 (1971).
7lSve: V.N. Svechnikov, G.F. Kobzenko, and
V.G. Ivanchenko, Metallofizika, (33), 93-95
(1971).
72Bor: J.D. Bomand and P. Feschotte, J LessCommon Met., 29,81-91 (1972) in French.
72Hut: J.M. Hutchinson, Jr., Platinum Met.
Rev., 16, 88-90 (1972).
72Jeh: H. Jehn and E. Olzi, J. Less-Common
Met., 27, 297-309 (1972).
72Mas: J.T. Mason and P. Chiotti, Metall.
Trans., 3,2851-2855 (1972).
72Por: K.I. Portnoi and V.M. Romashov, Sov.
Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 11, 378-384
(1972).
72Shu: A.K. Shurin and V.V. Pet'kov, Russ.
Metall., (2), 122-144 (1972).
73Bus: K.H.J. Buschow, J. Less-Common Met.,
31, 165-168 (1973).
73Gha: H. Ghassem and A. Raman, Metall.
Trans.,4, 745-748 (1973).
73Ian: A. Iandelli and A. Palenzona, Rev. Chim.
Miner., 303-308 (1973).
73Loe: 0. Loebich, Jr. and E. Raub, J. LessCommon Met., 30,47-62 (1973).
2*24/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
73Sav: E. Savitskii, V. Polyakova, and E.
Tsyganova, Redkozemel. Met., Splavy Soedineniya, Izd. Nauk, Moscow, 182-184 (1973).
73Sve: V.N. Svechnikov, G.F. Kobzenko, and
V.G. Ivanchenko, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,
213, 1062-1064 (1973).
74Gscl: K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and M.E.
Verkade, Document IS-RIC-7, Rare Earth Information Center, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA,
40-41 (1974).
74Gsc2: K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and M.E.
Verkade, IS-RIC-7, Rare Earth Information
Center, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA, 30-31
(1974).
74Lev: Yu.V. Levinskiy, Russ. Metall., (I), 3437 (1974).
74Rayl: A.E. Ray, Cobalt, (I), 13-20 (1974).
74Ray2: A.E. Ray, Cobalt, (I), 3-20 (1974).
74Yar: E.I. Yarambash, E.S. Vigileva, A.A.
Eliseev, A.V. Zachatskaya, T.G. Arninov, and
M.A. Chemitsyna,lnorg. Mater., 10(8),12121215 (1974).
75Ell: G.V. Ellert, V.G. Sevast'yanov, and V.K.
Slovyanskikh, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 20(1),
120-124 (1975).
75Gat: J. Gatterer, D. Dufek, F! Ettmayer, and
R. Kieffer, Monatsh. Chem., 106, 1137-1147
(1975).
75Lys: Yu.B. Lyskova and A.V. Vakhobov,
Inorg. Mater., 11,361-362(1975).
75Sve: V.N. Svechnikov, G.F. Kobzenko, and
V.G. Ivanchenko, Metallofizika, (59), 77-83
(1975).
75Vak: A.V. Vakhobov, Z.U. Niyazova, and
B.N. Polev, Inorg. Mater., 11,306-307(1975).
76Ian:A. Iandelli and A. Palenzona, Rev. Chim.
Minerale, 13,55-61 (1976).
76Mat: P. Matkovic, M. El-Boragy, and K.
Schubert, J. Less-Common Met., 50, 165-176
(1976).
76Vol: A.E. Vol and l.K Kagan, Handbook of
Binary Metallic Systems, Nauka, Moscow
(1976) in Russian; TR:NBS/NSF, 760-761
(1985).
77Ere: V.N. Erernenk0,V.G. Batalin,Yu.I. Buyanov, and I.M. Obushenko, Dop. Akad. Nauk
Ukr.RSR, B, (6) 516-521(1977) in Russian.
77Gar: S.P. Garg andR.J. Ackermann, J. Nucl.
Mater., 64,265-274 (1977).
77Kur: T.Kh. Kurbanov, R.A. Dovlyatshina,
I.A. Dzhavodova, and F.A. Akhmenov, Russ
J. Inorg. Chem., 22,622-624 (1977).
-
--
77Kuz: A.N. Kuznetsov, K.A. Chuntonov, and
S.P. Yatsenko, Russ. Metall., ( 3 , 178-180
(1977).
77Wat: R.M. Waterstrat and R.C. Manuszewski, J. Less Common Met., 51, 55-67
(1977).
77Yat: S.P. Yatsenko, J. Chim. Phys., 74, 836843 (1977).
78Eli: A.A. Eliseev, G.M. Kuz'micheva, and
V.I. Yushrov, Zh. Neorg. Khim.,23,(2),492296 (1978) in Russian; TEt Russ J. Inorg.
Chem.,23(2), 273-276 (1978).
78Esh: K.K. Eshnov, M.A. Zukhuritdinov, A.V.
Vakhobov, and T.D. Zhurayev, Russ. Metall.,
(I), 171-173(1978).
78Lan: C.C. Land, D.E. Peterson, and R.B.
Root, J. Nucl. Mat., 75, 262-273 (1978).
78Yat: S.P. Yatsenko, B.G. Semenov, and K.A.
Chuntonov, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met., (5)
222-224 (1978) in Russian; TR:Russ. Metall.,
(51), 173-174 (1978).
79Bla: R. Blachnik and A. Hoppe, Z. Anorg.
Allg. Chem, 457, 91-104 (1979) in German.
79VoI: A.E. Vol and I.K. Kagan, Handbook of
Binary Metallic Systems, Vol. 4, Nauka, Moscow (1979)inRussian; translated by NBS and
NSF, 588-605 (1986).
79Yat: S.P. Yatsenko, A.A. Semyannikov, B.G.
Semenov, and K.A. Chuntonov, J. Less-Common Met., 64,185-199 (1979).
8OBan: G. Bank, T. Schmitt, P. Ettmayer, and
B. Lux, Z. Metallkd.,71 (lo), 644-645 (1980)
in German.
80Dav: T.G. Davey and E.H. Baker, J. Mater.
Sci. Lett., 15, 1601-1602 (1980).
8OEre: V.N. Eremenko, I.M. Obushenko, and
Yu.1. Buyanov, Dop. Akad. Nauk Ukr. RSRA,
(7), 87-91 (1980).
8OLu: X.S. Lu, J.K. Liang, and M.G. Zhou,
Acta Phys. Sin. (China),29,469-484 (1980).
80PaI: A. Palenzona, J. Less-Common Met.,
72(1), P21-P24 (1980).
81Bru: G . Bruzzone, E. Franceschi, and F.
Merlo, J. Less-Common Met., 81, 155-160
(1981).
81Bus: V.D. Busmanov and S.P. Yatsenko,
Rum. Metall., ( 9 , 157-160 (1981).
81Ian: A. Iandelli and A. Palenzona, J. LessCommon Met.,80, W1-P82 (1981).
81Loe: 0.Loebich, Jr. and C.J. Raub, Platinum
Met. Rev., 25(3), 113-120 (1981).
-'
P
'
81Mor: G. Morgaut, B. Legendre, S. MareglierLacordaire, and C. Souleau, Ann. Chim. Fr.,
6,315-326 (1981).
81Wat: R.M. Waterstrat,J. Less-Common Met.,
80, P31-P36 (1981).
82Bor: G. Borzone, A. Borsese, and R.
Ferro, J. Less-Common Met., 85, 195-203
(1982).
82Pri: N.Yu. Pribyl'skii, I.G. Vasileva, and R.S.
Garnidov, Matel: Res. Bull., 17, 1147-1153
(1982).
82Sub: P.R. Subramanian and J.F. Smith, J.
Less-Common Met., 87,205-213 (1982).
83Ere: V.N. Eremenko, K.A. Meleshevich, and
Yu.1. Buyanov, Dop. Akad. Nauk Ukr. RSRA,
(3), 83-88 (1983).
83Kub: 0.Kubaschewski-VonGoldbeck, Titanium: Physicochemical Properties of Its
Compounds and Alloys, Atomic Energy Review; Spec. Issue No. 9, 0. Kubaschewski,
Ed., IAEA, Vienna, 156 (1983).
84Pas: J.D.A. Paschoal, H. Kleykamp, and F.
Thumrnler, J. Less-Common Met., 98, 279284 (1984).
85Mur: J.L. Murray, Int. Met. Rev., 30(5),2 11233,1985.
86Barl: O.M. Barabash and Yu.N. Koval,
Crystal Structure of Metals and Alloys, Naukova Durnka, Kiev, 21 1-212 (1986).
86Bar2: O.M. Barabash and Yu. N. Koval, Crystal Structure of Metals and Alloys, Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 247-248
(1986).
86Bar3: O.M. Barabash and Yu.N. Koval,
Crystal Structure of Metals and Alloys,
Naukova Durnka, Kiev, 296-297 (1986) in
Russian.
87Gor: O.V. Gordiichuk, Author's Abstract of
Candidate's Thesis, Chemical Sciences, Kiev
(1987).
87Mel: L.Z. Melenkov, S.P. Yatsenko, K.A.
Chuntonov, and Yu. N. Grin, lzv. Akad.
NaukSSSR, Met., (2), 201-203 (1987) in Russian; TR: Russ. Metall., (2), 2 08-211
(1987).
88Sac: A. Saccone, S. Delfino, and R.
Ferro, J. Less-Common Met., 143, 1-23
(1988).
90Con: J.B. Condon, T. Schober, and R. Lasser,
J. Nucl. Mater., 170,24-30 (1990).
90Sac: A. Saccone, S. Delfino, and R. Ferro,
Calphad, 14(2), 161 (1990).
-
Kc-
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*25
A.J. McAlister, 1987
Phase
(Ag)
Composition,
wt% Al
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0.0
cF4
c12
hP2
Fmzm
Im3m
P63lmmc
P
6.1 to 7 . 4
6
6.9 to 15.3
-6.2 to 7 . 3
P
(Al)
100
cP20
P4132
rF4
P21?(a)
Fm3m
(a) -300 "C
M.R. Baren, 1990
Ag-As
ALomlc
1000
P e r c e n t Arsenic
90
loo
E...A
-,.....I... "-.1
Phase ~
. .J
.
(Ag)
<
(As)
0
10
~lr..-...~.,l-----T-7~.~.---__
20
40
50
30
A&?
60
60
70
90
Welght P e r r e n t Arsenic
Space
group
0 to 5.5
6.8 to 7 . 9
100
cF4
hP2
hR 2
~mSm
P63Immc
~3rn
As
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t G o l d
20
30
50
10
60
Phase
(Ag.Au)
L
950
F
Ag
Pearson
symbol
100
Ag-Au
0
Composition,
wt% As
10
20
30
10
50
60
Welght P e r c e n t G o l d
70
80
90
10,
Au
Composition,
wt% A u
Pearson
symbol
0 to 100
cF4
Space
group
F
~
S
~
2026/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Be
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1987
A t o m ~ cPercent B e r y l l ~ u m
Composition,
wt% Be
Phase
0 to 0.03
-18?
99.40 to 100
100
(Ag)
6 or AgBez
(aBe)
@Be)
Questionable phases (stable? metastable?)
Y
-12
50
AgBe~z
10
0
30
40
50
60
70
Weight Percent B e r y l h u m
20
AE
80
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
($4
Fmm
FdTm
P6jlmmc
lm3m
c F24
hP2
~12
?
?
r126
I4lmmm
100
Be
W
Ag-Bi
R.P. Elliott and F.A. Shunk, 1980
0
Atomic P e r c e n t B l s m u t h
20
30
40
50
LO
1100
60
70
60
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ag)
(Bi)
0 to 4.945
-100
1.F4
/a2
Fmm
R3m
lo0
100
Ag
Welght P e r c e n t B i s m u t h
Bi
M.R. Baren, 1988
Ag-Ca
Atomic P e r c e n t Calclum
1
o
10 20
30
40
60
50
0
70
en
80
0
100
0
Phase
~
(Ag)
&9Ca2
AglCaz
AgzCa
AgCa
A&%
Am3
Wa)
(pca)(a)
(a) Above 443 OC
0
Ag
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t Calcium
70
60
90
100
Ca
Composition,
wt% Ca
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
7.7
9.6
15.6
27.1
38.2
52.7
100
100
1.F4
...
hP18
0112
oC8
1/32
...
cF4
1.12
Fmm
...
P6322
Imma
Cmcm
I4/mcm
...
Fm?m
ImTm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramd2.27
From [Hansenl
Ag-Cd
~ t o r n l cPercent Cadmlum
Composition,
Pearson
Space
Phase
wt% Cd
symbol
group
(Ag)
cF4
cI2
(a)
(b)
E
0 to 43.2
41 to 56
49.5 to 51.0
50.5 to 57
58 to 63.5
58 to 63.5
65.4 to 82
(Cd)
93.3 to 100
B
P'
6
Y'
Y
~m3m
1m3m
...
...
...
...
cI5 2
hP2
hP2
1z3m
P6glmmc
P63Immc
(a) Ordered k c . (b) cph
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Ag-Ce
Atomlc Percent Cerlurn
1303
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ce
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -0.06
cF4
Fm3m
11w1
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1986
Phase
(Ag)
Wo)(a)
(aCo)
(a) Below 422 'C
Composition,
wt% Co
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0 . 4 4
100
-100
cF4
hP2
cF4
Fm3m
P631mmc
Fm3m
2*28/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Cu
P.R. Subramanian and J.H. Perepezko, unpublished
Atomic Percent Copper
1200
Phase
1100
(Ag)
(Cu)
&-DY
Composition,
wt% Cu
0 to 8.8
92.0 to 100
Pearson
symbol
Space
F4
c F4
Fmk
Fm3m
1
group
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Atornlr Percent Dysproslurn
Composition,
wt% Dy
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to 1.95
29.2 to 34.0
41.8 to 44.0
60.1
100
100
100
cF 4
hP65
tI6
cP2
el2
hP2
Fm?m
...
I41m-nm
Pm3m
Im3m
P63/mmc
group
(a) Below -187 'C
Ag-Er
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Phase
Composition,
wt% E r
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ag)
Ag5~%4
AgzEr
AgEr
(Er)
0 to 5.5
29.8 to 34.7
43.6
60.8
100
cF4
hP65
116
cP2
hP2
Fmm
-
Weight Percent Erblurn
Er
...
I4Im-rn
Pm3m
P63lmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.29
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Ag-Eu
A t o r n ~ c Percent
0
Europ~um
20
10
Phase
(Ag)
Ag5Eu
Ag4Eu
AgzEu
AgEu
AgzEu3
(Eu)
4W
,
2 W- - r
10
0
20
30
....*
8
80
a
a
a
,
,
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
22.0
26
41.3
58.5
67.9
100
cF4
hP6
rll0
011 2
oP8
tPl0
c12
~mTm
P6/mmm
14/m
Imma
Pnma
P4lmbm
Im3m
,
0
80
~-------------------7--
40
50
Welght Percent
Ag
Composition,
wt% Eu
W
70
Europlurn
80
90
IM)
Eu
1.1. Swartzendruber, 1984
Ag-Fe
A t o m i c Percent S i l v e r
Phase
6 or (6Fe)
16W
Y 01 W e )
a or (aFe)
(Ag)
14W
Composition,
wt% Ag
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.033
o to 0.042
0 to 0.0004
99.99663 to 100
c12
cF4
Im5m
Fmm
c12
cF4
1m7m
FmTm
U
0
6W
Weight Percent S i l v e r
Fe
H. Okamoto, 1992
Ag-Ga
Atornlc Percent Galllurn
0
10
ZO
1000+-.-&&FA
30
40
50
60
70
80
00
Phase
(Ag)
5
r'
AgGa
(Gal
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 12
15 to 25
18 to 24
39.2
100
cF4
hP2
hP9
c12
oC8
~m%m
P63/mmc
2*30/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Gd
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Phase
(Ag)
Ag51Gd1.1
Ag2Gd
AgGd
(PGd)
(aGd)
Ag-Ce
Composition,
wt% Gd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -1.4
28.5
42.1
59.3
100
100
cF4
tP65
116
cP2
d2
hP2
~mTm
P6lm
I4Im-m
Pm2m
Im3m
P6slmmc
R.W. Olesinski and C.J. Abbaschian, 1988
Atomic Percent Silver
Phase
Composition,
wi% Ag
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ge)
GeII (HP)
(Ag)
-0
0
93.3 to 100
cF8
FdTm
1411amd
Fm3m
83 to 86
85
hP*
tl4
cF4
Metastable phases
P (cph)
Tetragonal
:
Ge
Weight Percent Silver
I**
...
...
Ag
M.R. Baren, unpublished
c Percent Mercury
Phase
(Ag)
5
Y
(a%)
Composition,
wt% H g
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 52.5
58.9 to 61.3
70.0 to 71.0
cF4
hP2
cI*
F m k
P63/mmc
I23
loo
h~ 1
~ 5 m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.31
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Ag-Ho
Composition,
Pearson
Space
Phase
wt% Ho
symbol
group
(Ag)
Ags1H014
A m 0
AgHo
(Ho)
0 to 2.4
29.5
43.3
60.5
100
cF4
hP65
t16
cP2
hP2
~~3~
Atomic Prrcent Holmlurn
Weight Percent Holmlum
P6/m
I4/m-rn
Pm3m
P63/mmc
Ho
M.R. Baren, 1992
_.,. .., .
I0
ill,
1
Phase
,
a(Ag)
P
a'(Ag3In)
6
i'
...
...
Atomlc P ~ r c e n tLanthanum
t- ---.
10
20
30
40
- .
50
70
M)
80
90
100
Phase
(Ag)
Ags1La14
AgzJ-a
Ag La
(?'La)
@La)
(aLa)
..
__r___.
90
.ll__C__
10
Ae
Space
group
o to 22.1
26.2 to 31.3
26
26.2 to 47.6
Fm3m
1m3m
pmTrn?
32.5 to 35.0
68.1
100
cF4
c12
cP4?
hP *
hP8
cP52
1112
r12
P63Immc
Pz3m
l4/mcm
Mlmmm
19.4
7 1 to 81
W 2
cF4
P63Ipmc
Fm3m
...
phases
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1983
Ag-La
0
Pearson
symbol
?
y(Ag2In)
cp(AgInz)
(In)
Metastable
Composition,
wt% I n
20
30
60
70
Weight Percent Lanthanum
80
1
La
Composition,
wt% L a
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
20.5
26.1
39.1
56.3
loo
loo
loo
cF4
hP?
hP65
0112
cP2
c12
Fm3m
cF4
hP4
...
...
Imma
Pm'm
Im3m
Fm3m
P63lmmc
2*32/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Li
A.D. Pelton, 1986
Atomlc P e r c e n t L i t h l u m
Phase
(Ag)
B
73
Y2
YI
(!W
(aLi)
Composition,
wt% Li
Pearson
symbol
0 to 9.1
6.1 to 18
10.9 to 17
17 to 28
32 to 43
39 to 100
100
cF4
cP2
Cubic (cP52?)
Cubic (cI52?)
Space
group
Fm2m
Pm3m
~23m?
1&3m?
Cubic
...
d2
hP2
lm3m
P6slmmc
Weight P e r c e n t L i t h i u m
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988, with modifications
Atomic P e r c e n t Magneslum
0 10 20 30 40
50
l
60
70
80
80
o
100
o
o
Composition,
wt% Mg
Pearson
symbol
cF4
cP4
cP2
tI*
CF*
AgMg4
(Mg)or 8
0 to 8.5
7
11 to 29.9
41.4 to 44.7
41.4 to 44.7
47
84.98 to 100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Mo
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ag)
(Mo)
0 to 0.13
100
cF4
c12
Fm2m
Im3m
Phase
~
( A g ) or a
Ag3Mg ord or a'
AgMg or P'
E'
E
0
Ag
I0
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t Magnesium
60
80
Space
group
~mTm
Pm3m
Pm3m
hP*
...
...
...
hP2
Pbslmmc
IDO
Mg
The two-phase region between (Ag) and AgsMg (ordered) is not shown here.
Ag-Mo
M.R. Baren, 1990
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams12033
Ag-Na
A.D. Pelton, 1986
1
Atornlc P e r c e n t Sodlurn
0 10 20 30 40
1050- I I I
,
50
60
70
80
90
L-J--,A-,-,--~~-
:801.83°C
L
850-
Phase
AgzNa
(PN4
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
9.6
100
cF4
cF24
cI2
Fm3m
Fd3m
Im3m
U
6503
d
m
a
$
150;
E-
,.- -----,-- ---- - - - --- -- - - - -------- - -
C. l
gi
250-
j:-(Ad 4i
87.7'C
I
5
0
o
Ag
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
sn
ion
Weight P e r c e n t S o d ~ u r n
Na
K.A. Cschneidner ,Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Ag-Nd
,100
0
1 .
At o r n l r Pcr r r n l
..-.-
2U
LO
4
L.
....,..
10
I0
1.
.1.,
Nrt~d).rnlnm
50
60
70
till
l-T
1 .l....._...,.
.
'W
11111
Phase
i
(Ag)
Ags1Nd14
PAgzNd
aAgzNd
AgNd
(PW
(aNd)
Composition,
Pearson
Space
~ 1 Nd
%
symbol
group
0 to -5
26.8 to 31.4
40.0
40.0
57.2
97.4 to 100
99.0 to 100
cF4
hP65
hP?
0112
cP2
c12
hP4
~mSm
...
...
Imma
Pm3m
Im3m
P63lmmc
+'
M2
:
i
i
Q
5
u
3
1
~&.-30
40
50
,
60
-
.
-T.
70
80
.-.-
90
liXl
Weight Percent Neodyrnlum
Nd
Ag-Ni
M. Singleton and P. Nash, 1991
Atomlc P e r c e n t Sllver
o
20
LO
J'
30
40
50
GO
70
80
so
i
/
Ll
1500-
Ll
8
I~wc,:'
+
L2
L
[
14ss"c
54
[
[
I
?
:
G)
3
e
m
i
1300-
--(Ni)
:
1100-
w
a
E
esO%
:W183'C
900:
700-
500
0
NI
10
20
30
40
50
80
Weight P e r c e n t Silver
70
80
90
Phase
Composition,
wt % ~g
Pearson
symbol
(Ni)
(Ag)
0 to 1.8
99.3 to 100
cF4
cF4
100
1700
100
Ag
Space
group
F
~
FmTm
T
~
2*34/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1988
0 10 20
1400
30
40
50
, 4
0
Atorn~c Percent Phosphorus
70
80
90
60
Phase
(Ag)
AgP2
I
P(b1ack)
P(white)
P(red)
Composition,
wt% P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
36.5
51.0
100
100
100
cF4
Fmsm
(a)
...
(b)
oCB(c)
(d)
Cm
Cmca
(e)
...
...
(a) Monoclinic seucture with P = 1 1 3.48". (b) Monoclinic structure with P = 118.84'. (c) At high pressures
black P transforms to a rhombohedra1 structure. (d) Cubic below -35 "C. (e) Cubic with 66 atoms per unit
cell
..
Welght Percent Phosphorus
..P
Ag-Pb
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1987
Atomlc Percent Lead
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
erou~
Welght Percent Lead
Ag-Pd
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1988
Atomlc Percent Palladlurn
Phase
(Ag.Pd)
900
A.2
Welght Percent Palladium
Pd
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
cF4
Fmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams12035
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
Ag-Pr
Atornlr Percent Praseod,vmlurn
10
20
40
30
_~L--A--A_~__c.+~..-A--.-I
%jL '
-(Ad
4 ;
,
I
I
:
__.
: :
i !
0
I
8
,
I
,
I
,
--..,.90
70
t
00
100
J
Composition,
w t % Pr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ag)
Ag~pr
Ag51Pr14
PAgzPr
aAgzPr
AgPI
(PW
(aW
0 t o -0.065
20.8
26.4 to 30.3
39.5
39.5
56.6
97.3 to 100
99.0 to 100
cF4
Fmf m
...
hP65
hP?
0112
cP2
c12
hP4
...
...
...
Imma
~ m j m
Im3m
P6slmmc
a
7
-
30
P
.......... ,----
I
50
40
60
70
IW
90
80
Pr
W e ~ g h t Percent P r a s e o d y m ~ u r n
Ag
Phase
sDDc
: :
20
60
'
*
a
.-. ...... L
10
50
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1987
Ag-Pt
Atornlc P e r c e n t
10
0
20
30
Plat~num
40
50
60
70
00
90
Phase
I800
Composition(a),
~ 1 pt
%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Note: a', a", p. P', y, and f phases are questionable. (a) Rough composition from phase diagram. (b)
Rhombohedrally distorted cubic structure
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, 1986
Ag-S
Atornlc Percent Sulfur
0 10 LO
30
40
50
60
i O
80
90
100
1
Phase
(Ag)
aAg2S
aAgzS (acanthite)
PAg2+sS
yAg2+ss
6AgzSb)
(as)
(PS)
(a) High-pressure phase
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
mP24
mP12
c16
cF12
~m?m
P21Ic
P2 1 In
t**
...
Fddd
P2dc
oF128
mp*
...
...
2*36/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-S b
From [Hansenl
A t o m ~ cPercent Antimonv
Phase
(Ag)
c
E
E'
(Sb)
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 8.1
9.6 to 18.0
20.0 to 29.0
23.5 to 28.5
100
cF4
hP2
tP4
FmTm
P63/mmc
P41mmm
(a)
...
hR2
R?m
(a) Ordered orthorhombic, L60 related
Weight Percent Antlmony
Sb
Ag-Sc
K.A. Gschneidner, jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1983
Atomic Percent S c a n d i u m
20
-.-+
1BM
30
40
50
BD
7
p
B
p
-
Phase
(Ag)
AgaSc
AgzSc
AgSc
I200
CfW
U
t
(asc)
Composition,
wt% Sc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 4.6
9
17.2
29.4
100
100
cF4
tllo
t16
cP?
c12
hP2
FmTm
14/m
I4Im-rn
Pm3m
ImTm
P6slmmc
Imo
Q
L
8,
B
e
BM
200
0
10
Ag
20
30
40
50
BO
70
Weight Percent S c a n d i u m
80
90
100
Sc
Ag-Se
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1990
Atomic Percent Selenium
Phase
(Ag)
PAgzSe
aAg2Se
(Se)
0
Ag
We!ght Percent S e l e n ~ u m
Se
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
0
26.8
26.8
100
cF4
cI*
Space
group
F
~
o**
...
...
W3
P3121
T
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams12037
Ag-Si
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1989
Atomic P e r c e n t S l l v e r
LO
0
20
30
40
50
60
70 80 90
I
1500
Phase
(SO
SiII(HP)
(Ag)
Coinposition,
wt% ~g
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
100
cF8
r14
cF4
Fd3m
1411~md
Fm3m
-90
92 to 99
(a)
...
(b)
...
Metastable phases
SiAg2
P
(a) Onhorhombic. (b) coh
SI
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Sllver
Ag
Ag-Sm
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
LO
0
20
Ag
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
-
Composition,
wt% Sm
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
(Ag)
Agdm14
PAg2Sm
aAgzSm
AgSm
(em)
(PSm)
(aSm)
0 to -1.4
-27.6 to 32.3
41.0
41.0
58.2
100
100
100
cF4
hP65
hP?
...
cP2
Fmm
P6/m
P63(?)
...
Pm?m
...
...
hP2
hR3
P63lmmc
~?;m
100
Welght Percent S a m a r i u m
Ag-Sn
Phase
Srn
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1987
Atomzc Percent T l n
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1
Phase
- " '
(Ag)
<
E
@sn)
(aSn)
............................
e%
0
I0
20
DO
Ag
-.--"-
.-.-
....
40
50
M
Weight Percent T l n
.
.-1.1..-
-...
-.
_-.
I
70
80
90
LOO
Sn
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 12.5
12.8 to 24.58
25.5 to 27
99.92 to 100
100
cF4
hP2
oP8
t14
cF8
Fmm
P631mmc
Pmmn
14,lamd
~d?;m
2038/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Sr
M.R. Baren, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t S t r o n t ~ u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
IrOUP
Fmm
P6lmmm
...
Imma
Pnma
R3
P63_mc
Fm3m
Im3m
(a) Not shown on diagram; probably a peritectic reaction. (b) Above 547 'C
Weight P e r c e n t S t r o n t ~ u m
Sr
Ag-Te
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1991
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Tellurium
1200
Phase
Composition(a),
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) Compositions are taken from the assessed diagram. (b) fcc struclure. (c) bcc structure. (d) Referred to
as Ag7Te4 by [PearsonZ]. (e) Mineral empressite (regarded as metastable). (f) Tetragonal shucture stable
at pressures 2200 to 2500 kPa. Lattice parameters were measured at 2400 kPa pressure. (g) Tetragonal
structure stable at pressures over 2500 kPa. Lattice parameters were measured at 4000 kPa pressure. (b)
Simple cubic structure (metastable). 0) Stable at temperatures higher than 358 "C and pressures over 4.0
GPa
1.1. Murray and K.J. Bhansali, 1987
Ag-Ti
Atomic P e r c e n t Silver
60
70
80
90
1400
..~
Ti
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S ~ l v e r
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aTi)
@Ti)
Ti2Ag
TiAg
(Ag)
0 to -1.0
0 to 29.2
52.9
-68 to -69
-98 to 100
hP2
cI2
116
tP4
cF4
P63/mmc
Im3m
I41mmm
P4lnmn
FmTm
100
--__ ---__
--__-----____
--__--__
1500
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ag
Ag
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*39
M.R. Baren, 1989
Atomic P e r c e n t T h a l l l u r n
0
10
20
l
30
40
50
0
60
70
60
0
90
0
Phase
~
(Ag)
(PTl)(a)
Composition,
wt% T I
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -13.8
100
cF4
hP2
Fm3m
P63lmmc
? t o 100
~12
Im3m
(a) A b o v e 230 "C
LOO
0
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1983
0
N
.T
..-i-...r..16W
......l
10
20
30
Atomlc
40
Percent
Y t t r ~ u m
60
70
50
80
80
1
Phase
Composition
wt% Y
,
0 to 1.08
18.4
29.2
45.1
100
100
60
70
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
hP65
r16
cP2
cI2
hP2
Fmm
...
14lmmm
Pm3m
lm3m
P63lmmc
80
Yttrium
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1985
A-----
A t o m ~ cPercent
20
30
.-.4
Ytterb~um
P - Y - 3
Phase
(Ag)
Ag9Yb2
Ag7Yb~
Ag2Yb
P Ag Yb
aAgYb
Ag2Yb3
AgsYb~
(YY~)
(PYb)
(aYb)
40
60
W e i g h t Percent Y t t e r b ~ u m
80
LOO
'r b
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
0 to 3.04
...
31.4
44.5
61.6
61.6
70.6
72.8
100
100
100
cF4
...
hP18
012
cP2
oP8
tPl0
tI32
c12
cF4
hP2
Space
group
F
~
J
...
...
Imma
~ m m
Pnma
P41mbm
l 4 l ~ m
Im3m
~m3m
P63lmmc
~
2040/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Zn
K.W. Andrews, H.E. Davies, W. Hume-Rothery, and
C.R. Oswin, 1940
Atomic Percent Zinc
lmo
Phase
Composition,
w t % Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) Ordered hexagonal
I
0
1
0
2
0
3
0
Ag
4
0
5
0
8
0
7
0
8
0
9
0
1
Weight Percent Zinc
W
Zn
Ag-Zr
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1992
Atomic Percent Zirconium
0
LO
30
20
50
40
70
80
60
80
100
Phase
19W
(Ag)
AgZr
A m 2
(azr)
(PZr)
17W -
,:
,','
P
1500 -
,'
u
9
Pearson
symbol
0 to 0.08
-45.8
-62.9
98.1 to 100
100
cF4
tP4
t16
hP2
c12
Space
group
Fmh
P4/nmm
I4/mmm
P631mm~
Im3m
[
4
m
:-
Composition,
wt% Zr
1300-
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
We~ghtPercent Zirconium
Ag
100
Zr
A.J. McAlister, 1984
Atornlc Percent Arsenic
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60 90
ZOO0
7T T.P.
4% S.P.
400
A1
Weight Percent Arsenic
As
Phase
Composition,
wt% As
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(All
AlAs
(As)
0
73.5
100
cF4
cF8
hR2
Fmm
FK3m
R3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*41
H. Okamoto, 1991
Atomlr
P e r c e n t Gold
Phase
W e ~ g h t Percent
wt% Au
Pearson
symbol
0 to 0.44
78 to 79
88
93 to 93.6
93.2 to 93.4
93.5 to 93.6
95.1
96.7 to 96.9
96.7
98 to LOO
cF4
cF12
mP28
r16
oP32
oP12
hR132
c12
cP20
cF4
Composition,
w t % Ba
Pearson
symbol
Composition,
Space
group
Fm%n
~m3m
P211m
I4/mmm
Pnmn
Pnma
R&
Im3m
P2,3
Fmm
Au
Gold
Al-Ba
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m ~ iP e r c r n t H e r ~ o r n
10
20
30
50 60 70 80
. . , .......A
,--Cr--c,...
..,.I,.. ....40Jiii.AA-LL,
0
,200 1-.7,7-.-.
100
Phase
Space
group
IIO4T
1000
t-'
Other phases
G1
3
+
m
800
a
j
727T
660 452'C
600 -
-@.I)
@a)400
r.,...-7.------.F..lrl..T
0
10
20
30
40
50
W e ~ g h tP r r c r n t
Al
.-,.
.,..,...,.80
70
B a r ~ u r x
80
90
lo0
Bd
AI-Be (calculated)
0
10 20
30
40
J.L. Murray and D.J.Kahan, 1988
50
Atomlc
60
Percent
B e r y l l ~ u m
70
Phase
(Al)
W e )
Composition,
wt% Be
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to0.10
99.979 to 100
99.979 to 100
cF4
c12
hP2
F~%I
Im3m
P631mmc
2*42/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
A.J. McAllister, 1984
A t o r n ~ cPercent B l s m u t h
Phase
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Al)
(Bi)
0 to -0.23
100
cF4
hR2
Fm?m
RTm
zm
10
0
50
40
30
20
Al
80
70
80
90
Weight Percent B i s m u t h
IW
Bi
V.P. Itkin, C.B. Alcock, P.J. van Ekeren, and H.A.J. Oonk, 1988
Atornrc Percent Calcium
1200
t
Al
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ca
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Al)
A14Ca
AlzCa
(aCa)
(PC4
0
27
42.6
100
100
cF4
1110
cF24
cF4
~12
Fmm
I4lmmm
Fdzm
Fm3m
Im?m
Ca
Weight Percent Calcium
Dashed lines = calculated.
AI-Cd
A.J. McAlister, 1982
Atomlc Percent Cadrnlurn
10
5
0
lMOJ
Composition,
wt% Cd
20
Phase
0
10
20
40
30
Al
.
I5
50
80
70
Weight Percent C a d m i u m
-
-
~
$
-
L
,....,,.,+
,,
80
90
Pearsen
symbol
Space
group
1M
Cd
p , ;
-~
...I
!.
'
.
-
j W
F
7;;
')gh,
--
,
%.
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.43
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
Phase
Composition,
w t % Ce
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
0128
tIl0
hP8
cF24
oC16
~~3~
hP8
cP4
cF4
hP4
cF4
c12
A1
Weight P e r c e n i C e r ~ u m
Immm
I4/mmm
P63Immc
Fd3m
Cmc2 or
Cmcm
P631mmc
Pm3m
Fmm
P63/mmc
F
~
S
~
Im3m
Ce
AI-Co
A.J. McAlister, 1989
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Cobalt
Phase
(All
AI9Co2
AII~CO~
A13Co
AI5Co2
AlCo
(ECO)
(ace)
Metastable phases
I
alv
a
Composition,
wt% Co
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
32.6
40.2
42.9
46.7
-67 to 88.9
92 to 100
-97 to 100
cF4
mP22
mC93
~m3m
P21la
Cm
(a)
P63/mmc
Pm3m
P63Immc
Fmm
95 to 98
93 to 94
92 to 93
93 to 94
...
Composition,
wt% C r
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.71
-21.4 to -23.4
-25.7 to -28
-30.4 to -33
-45 to -49.3
-5 1.5 to -58
-78.5 to -82.8
-85
69 to 100
cF4
mC 104
mP48
mP180
el5 2
hR26
t16
...
Fm3m
C2Im
P2
P2/m
143m
R S ~
I4/mmm
...
1m3m
...
hP28
cP2
hP2
cF4
...
...
...
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(a) Unknown (b) Hexagonal
0
A1
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t C o b a l t
70
80
80
100
Co
J.L. Murray, unpublished
Phase
(Al)
A1,Cr (AI13Cr2)
All lCrz (A15Cr)
AI4Cr
aAI9Cr4
aAlsCr5
AICr2
X(a)
0 )
C I ~
(a) It has been proposed that the structure is analogous to the o phase seen in, for example. Zr at high
pressure, but based on ordered k c AICq rather than on the disordered bcc structure.
2044/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
1.1. Murray, 1985
Atomic Percent Copper
lla,
Phase
('41)
0
'II
'I2
61
62
El
E2
6
'lo
YI
Po
P
a2
0
)
Composition,
wt% Cu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 5.65
52.5 to 53.7
70.0 to 72.2
70.0 to 72.1
74.4 to 77.8
74.4 to 75.2
77.5 to 79.4
72.2 to 78.7
77.4 to 78.3
77.8 to 84
79.7 to 84
83.1 to 84.7
85.0 to 91.5
88.5 to 89
90.6 to 100
cF4
1112
oP1 6 or oC16
mC20
hP42
I4lmcm
Pban or Cmmm
C2lm
P6lmmm
...
...
tP6
cF16
hPS
(a 1
(b
hP4
(C I
(d 1
cP5 2
(d 1
cI2
(el
cF4
F ~ T ~
...
...
P631mmc
R3m
...
Pa3m
...
Im3m
...
Fm3m
Metastable phases
8'
P'
Weight Percent Copper
A13Cu2
61 to 70
...
F ~ T ~
P3m 1
(a) Monoclinic? (b) Cubic? (c) Rhombohedral. (d) Unknown. (e) DOZZ-typelong-period superlattice
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
Atomlc Percent E r b ~ u r n
Phase
(Al)
A13Er
A12Er
AlEr
A12Er3
AIEr2
(Er)
Composition,
wt% Er
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
67
75.6
86.1
90
92.6
100
cF4
cP4
cF24
oP1 6
tP20
oP1 2
hP2
Fm3m
Pm2m
Fd3m
Pmma
P42/mnm
Pnma
P63lmmc
AI-Fe
U.R. Kattner and B.P. Burton, 1992
Atomlc Percent A l u m ~ n u m
o
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
80
100
Phase
We)
We)
FeAl
Fe3AI
E
FeAlz
Fe2AI5
FeA13
(All
Composition,
wt% Al
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to -28
0 to 0.6
12.8 to -37
-13 to -20
-40 to -47
48 to 49.4
53 to 57
58.5 to 61.3
100
~12
cF4
cP8
cF16
c I 16?
aP18
oC?
mC 102
cF4
ImTm
Fmb
Pmjm
Fm3m
68.5
74.3
mP22
0C28
P21/c
cmc21
...
P1
Cmcm
c2/m
Fm3m
Metastable phases
Fe2AI9
FeA16
,*
0,
11
0,
0,
8,
0,
0
Fe
10
20
'
30
40
50
,,
0
0
4 ,
0
4
1
,
,
a , ,
1
8
8
8
4
4 ,
, , a
8
8
0
,
80
70
We~ght Percent Aluminum
80
90
100
A1
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.45
J.L. Murray, 1983
Atornlc Percent G a l h u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Al)
(Ga)
0 to -20(a)
100
cF4
oC8
Fmm
Cmca
Metastable phases
a'
83 to 92.4
tJ
94 to 95
112
(b)
14lmmm
(b)
(a) Can be extended to 83 wt% Ga by splat quenching. (b) Undetermined, low symmetry
10
20
40
30
50
80
80
70
90
W e ~ g h t Percent G a l h u m
1
IM
Ga
AI-Gd
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t G a d o l ~ n ~ u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Gd
Pearson
symbol
Space
lroup.
-
A1,Gd
0
66
cF4
hP8
cF24
oP16
tP20
~mSm
P63l~mc
Fd3m
Pmma
P42/mnm
74.4
A1,Gd3
10
30
20
40
50
85.4
90
70
60
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t G a d o l ~ n ~ u r n
AI
AI-Ge
A.J. McAlister and 1.1. Murray, 1984
Atornlc Percent G e r r n a n ~ u m
5
0
20
I0
30
40
50
60
70
80
1W
Phase
1
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Fmm
~d3m
Metastable phases
YI
p A 0
1w
---
--n--.--,--7---.
0
Al
10
20
30
40
.7
53
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t G e r m a n ~ u r n
80
90
I W
Ge
...
2046/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
A. San-Martin and F.D. Manchester, 1992
AI-H
Atomic P e r c e n t Hydrogen
0
11oo-I
. .
. .
0 002
,
. .'. . ,
.
.
0 004
,
.
I
,
. . .
,
. 0'006. . . . . 0.006
. ', .
,
.
,
. . 0.'01.
,
.
,
Phase
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) At 660 OC and 0.1 MPa. (b) Produced by chemical reaction of organic solvents at atmospheric pressure
. . . ~ . . . , . . ~ . . . . , . , . . . . . . , . , . . . , . , .
0
0.0001
0 0002
Al
0.0003
0 0001
Weight P e r c e n t Hydrogen
A.J. McAlister, 1985
Atomic P e r c e n t Mercury
10
20
30
40
50 807080 100
W e ~ g h tPercent Mercury
A1
Phase
Composition,
wt% Hg
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Al)
(Hg)
0
100
cF4
hR I
F s m
R3m
Hg
AI-HO
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t H o l m ~ u m
0
1700
5
10
20
30
40
50 80
80 100
Phase
8
Composition,
wt% HU
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-
(A0
A13Ho
A12Ho
AlHo
A12H03
A1H02
(Ho)
mo0c
Al
Weight P e r c e n t Holmium
Ho
cF4
hR20
cF24
oPl6
tP20
oP12
hP2
FmTm
~?m
Fd3m
Pmma
P42jmnm
Pnma
P6nlmmc
2*48/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
AI-Mg
J.L. Murray, 1988
Atomic Percent Magnesium
0
10
20
10
30
50
60
70
80
90
Phase
('41)
b(A13Mgz)
R
Y(A112Mg17)
(Mg)
Metastable phases
AlzMg
T'
Composition,
wt% M g
Pearson
symbol
0 to 17.1
36.1 to 37.8
39
42 to 58.0
87.1 to 100
cF4
cF1168
hR53
cI58
hP2
31.0
38 to 56.2
tI24
(a)
Space
R~OUP
(a) Teuagonal
Weight Percent Magnesium
AI-Mn
A.J. McAlister and 1.1. Murray, 1987
Atomic Percent Manganese
1400
Phase
Composition,
wt% M n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmjm
Im3m
Cmcm
Weight Percent Manganese
A1
Mn
(a) Several other structures h a w been ascribed to the G phase or varianls of the G phase (G'. G7. (b) Metastable
phase. (c) A simple orthorhombic structure was reported in an alloy described as "AI4Mn." (d) Hexagonal. (e)
Variants of this structure are described as complex slacking sequences along the b axis. (0 Unknown (g) The
structure has beendescribed as distmed yhrass type, cubic (bcc or fcc), and rhombohehl.
U.R. Kattner, unpublished
Atomic Percent Aluminum
0
10
'
20 30
' ,'
40
W
' , '
.
(10
.
*
70
C
80
.
~
90
+
-
100
,
Phase
-------______
0
Nb
10
20
10
W
dO
70
Weight Percent Aluminum
30
80
80
100
Al
Composition,
wt % Al
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -7.4
18.6 to 8.8
1 1 to 17.4
47
100
cI2
cP8
tP30
tI8
cF4
ImTm
Pm3n
P421mnm
I4Immm
F
~
T
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.49
H. Okamoto, 1991
AI-Nd
A t o r n l c Percent Neodyrnlum
0
10
20
30
40
50
Composition,
wt% Nd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.05
59.3
cF4
0128
Al3Nd
AlzNd
AlNd
AINd2
AINd,
59.3
64
72.7
84.2
91.5
94
tllo
hP8
cF24
0P16
oP12
hP8
~~3~
Immm
14/mmm
P63/!mc
Fd3m
Pmma
Pnmo
P63Immc
(aNd)
(PNd)
100
100
hP4
c12
P631mmc
Im3m
60 70 80
1600
Phase
(Al)
aAIllNd3
bA1IlNd3
IZI'C
BYC
A1
Welght P e r c e n t N e o d y m i u m
P. Nash, M.F. Singleton, and J.L. Murray, 1991
AI-Ni
1
7
0
0
L
-
Atornlc P e r c e n t Nickel
20
30
40
50
-
J
60
.--ir'+
'
70
80
90 100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
cF4
0P16
hP5
cP2
...
cP4
cF4
Al
Space
group
~m3m
Pnmo
~?;ml
pm%m
Cmmm
Pm3m
Fm3m
NI
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Nickel
A.J. McAlister, 1984
Atomlc
Percent
Lead
I0
20
30
1OMMBOlW
Phase
lsMl
1W
m*
ZW
0
Al
LO
20
30
10
50
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t
M
Lead
70
M
90
1M
Pb
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
99.7 to 100
cF4
cF4
Fm3m
Fmm
2*50/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
AI-Pd
A.J. McAlister, 1986
Atonilc Percent Palladlurn
10
8
+-...+.-. 20
' , 30' ' ,
0
1 7 0 0T--j.-
L
40
1
' 50:
60
t
70
!
80
90100
8
1
1
Composition,
wt% Pd
Phase
('41)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
Fmb
0
...
...
1500
U
P3ml
PmTm
R3
P2i3
Pbam
Pnm
Pbmn
Fm3m
1300
0
2
d
m
1100
a
GI
E
900
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Orthorhombic
700
500
------T-
10
50
60
70
Welghl P e r c e n t Palladium
30
Al
80
90
100
Pd
AI-Pr
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1989
Atornrc P ~ r c e n tPraseodyrnlum
10
20
30
0
10
GO 70
-.'50 .-fJ...
80
L..
'
100
t
Phase
(‘41)
aAlIlPr3
PA111Pr3
AI~PI
A12Pr
aAlPr
PALPr
AlPr,
aA1Pr3
PAW
(ah)
(PW
Welght P e r c e n t Praseodymium
A1
Composition,
wt% Pr
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to -0.5
58.7
58.7
64
72.3
83.9
83.9
91.3
94
94
100
100
cF4
0128
Ill0
hP8
Fmm
Immm
I4/mmm
P63I~mc
Fd3m
Pmma
CmcZ or Cmcm
Pnm
P63lmmc
Pmm
P631mmc
Im3m
group
cF24
oPl6
oC16
of12
hP8
cp4
h ~ 4
cI2
Pr
AI-Pt
A.J. McAlister and D.I. Kahan, 1986
Atornlc P e r c e n t P l a t l n u m
,
iooo]
,
,
,
I?
3,
20
,
Phme
(Al)
A1zlPt~
Alz1Pts
AIZPt
Al3Ptz
AlPt
A1
Welght P e r c e n t P l a t l n u m
Pearson
0
cF4
c**
I1116
cFl2
63.2
72.8
76.9 to 78.5
82.8
87.9
-89 to -90
-92.0 to -92.5
-93 to -94
-93 to -94
-93.7 to -96.18
-95.3 to -96.25
-97.4 to 100
P
AI3Pt5
AIRz
AIPt2(LT)
AIR3
AIPt3(LT)
(Pt)
Metastable
Composition,
wt% pt
phases
S
~
~
hP
cPX
cP2
of16
of12
of24
cP4
tPlh
cF4
O
I
SPW
group
Fm3m
...
14,a
Fmm
P3m 1
p213
Pm3m
Pbam
Pnma
Pmm
Prn%
P4lmbm
F
~
T
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.51
AI-S
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, 1991
A t o r n ~ cP e r r e n t
Sulfur
0
Phase
(All
aAI&
PAM&+)
~A12S3
AIzSdc)
AIzSde)
(as)
(PS)
Composition,
wt% s
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
64
64
63 to 64
64
64
100
100
cF4
hP30
(b)
hRlO
~m?m
...
P63mc
R3c
1411amd
Fdm
Fddd
P2 1/c
(d)
(f)
oF128
mP*
(a) Stable in the presence of AI&3 between IOOO and 1100 T.
(b) Hexagonal. (c) High pressure, formed
at 2 to 65 kbar and I000 to 1200 "C. (d) Tetragonal. (e) High pressure, formed at 40 kbar and 4W "C. (f)
Cubic
-------T---T---T~-~---F
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP p r c e n t S u l f u r
80
..*------+
90
100
7
AI-Sb
A.J. McAlister, 1984
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t A n t l m o n y
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Al)
AlSb
(Sb)
0
81.9
100
cF4
cF8
hR2
Fm?m
~43m
R3m
81.9
t14
1411amd
High-pressure phase
AISb(a)
(a) At 120 kbar
550
10
0
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A n t i m o n y
Al
90
80
1W
Sb
J.M. Howe, 1989
10
Atomic Percent S ~ l e n ~ u r n
LO
30
40
50
60
70 80 90
1
Phase
A1
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S e l e n ~ u m
Composition,
wt% Se
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
2*52/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
J.L. Murray and A.J. McAlister, 1984
Atornlc Percent Sllicon
0
10
30
20
50
40
BO
60
70
Weight Percent S ~ l ~ c o n
A1
Phase
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
('41)
(Si)
0 to 1.6
99.985 to 100
cF'4
cF'8
Fmgm
F ~
90
1500
S
~
Si
A.J. McAlister and D.J. Kahan, 1983
A t o r n ~ cPercent Tin
5
0
I0
30
20
50
40
80 70 80
1W
700
Phase
('41)
($sn)
(aW
Metastable phase
100
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
100
100
cF4
Fmgm
14l/amd
t14
cfi 8
~dSm
L..,
.. . - .7-7.
p
0
20
30
40
70
80
90
,,
T7-
50
10
A1
I00
€0
Weight Percent Tin
Sn
AI-Sr
C.B. Alcock and V.P. Itkin, 1989
Atorn~c Percent Strontium
o
10
20
30
40
50
60
70 60 so l o o
Phase
(Al)
A14Sr
A12Sr
A1,Sr8
(PSI)
(asr)
0
A1
10
20
30
40
50
BO
70
We~ghtPercent Strontium
80
90
100
Sr
Composition,
wt% Sr
o
Pearson
symbol
45
tll0
61.9
0112
cP60
cl2
~mSm
14/mmm
lmma
P213
ImSm
cfi-4
Fmgm
78.8
100
100
CF'~
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*53
AI-Ta
U.R. Kattner, unpublished
Atornlc P e r c e n t
0
30 40 50
80
70
80
Alumlnum
90
95
98
Phase
Composition,
wt% Al
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ta)
Ta2A1
TaAl
TaA12
TaAl,
(A])
0 to 0.6
4 to 9
12.3
22
32
100
c12
tP30
...
c, h , o r o
I18
cF4
lmTm
P42Imnm
...
100
...
Mlmmm
F ~
J
~
Note: Different unit cells are proposed for TaAI2.
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A l u m m u m
Ta
Al
AI-Te
N. Prabhu and J.M. Howe, 1990
Alurnic P e r c e n t l'ellurlurn
I0
20
30
0
40
50
60 70 80
100
Phase
(All
AI2Te,
(Te)
Composition,
wl% Te
Pearson
svmhol
Space
erouo
0
88
100
cF4
hP4
hP3
Fm3m
P63/mc
P3121
(W-:
0
10
20
Al
30
40
Weight
50
7
80
-
70
Percent
Tellurium
ALumlc P e r c e n t
80
90
Alumlnum
80
90
P
100
l'e
M.E. Kassner and D.E. Peterson, 1989
0 20
40 50
60
70
Composition,
~ t AI
%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.10
0
5.5
7
10.4
15.6 to 16.2
15
16.9
18.9
26
29.0
100
cF4
c12
t112
rPl0
oC8
(a)
(a)
~m3m
Im3m
I4Imcm
P4lmbm
Cmcm
...
...
...
P6lmmm
P63/mmc
Pbam
Fm3m
(a) Tetragonal. (b) Considered same as ThAI,
600-
00
810.462.C
3
*.I
*.qy,-
0
Th
10
20
30
40
50
We~ghtPercent
-
4
Alumlnum
0
A1
(a)
hP3
hP8
oPl8
cF4
2054/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
J.L. Murray, 1987
Atomlr P e r c e n t Alurnlnum
0
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
-
80
90
Phase
(PTi)
(aTi)
Ti3A1
TiAl
Ti3Al,(a)
TiA12
aTiA12(b)
6
TiA13
aTiA12
(‘41)
Composition,
wt% Al
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 33.8
~12
hP2
hP8
tP4
tP32
t124
oCL2
Im3m
P63lmmc
P631mmc
P4lmmm
I4/mbm
I4llamd
Cmmm
0 to 32
14 to 26
34 to 56.2
44 to 49
51 to 54
...
57 to 59.8
63
63
98.8 to 100
(c)
...
tlX
I4/mmm
...
(d)
cF4
F
~
T
~
(a) Not an equilibrium phase. (b) Not shown on the assessed d~agram.(c) Long-period superlattice
structures. (d) Tetragonal: a superstructure of the DOz2 lattice
Weight P e r c e n t A l u m ~ n u r n
Ti
Al
AI-U
M.E. Kassner, M.C. Adamson, P.H. Adler, and D.E. Peterson,
1990
Atomic P e r c e n t A l u m i n u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Al
Pearson
svmbol
Space
eroun
ImTm
Piin2
Cmcm
...
FdTm
Pm3m
...
12ma or Imma
Imma
Imma
...
Fmm
(a) Cubic. (b) Considered same as U0.9Alq(~).
(c) Unknown
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A l u m ~ n u m
U
AI-V
J.L. Murray, 1989
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Vanadlum
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
2000
Phase
Composition,
wt% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-
-
Fmm
Fd3m
C2lm
P63lmmc
I4lmmm
145m
lm3m
Pmm
Note: The structure of AlZ3V4is related to that of Co2Als
structural elements. (a) Unknown
A1
Welght P e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u r n
V
cnntains nearly regular icosahedra as
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.55
AI-W
From [Metals]
Atornlc P e r c e n t T u n e s t e n
Phase
(All
Y
6
E
(W)
10
0
Al
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
Welght P e r c e n t T u n g s t e n
90
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
-37
-58 to 60
-62 to 66
100
cF4
c126
hP12
mC30
c12
Fmm
Im3
p63
Cm
Im7m
LOO
W
AI-Y
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1989
Atornlc P e r c e n t Y t t n u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Y
Pearson
symbol
cF4
hP8
hR12
cF24
oC8
tP20
of12
cP4
hP2
c12
~m3m
P6glmmc
R7m
~d3m
Cmcm
P42/mnm
Pnma
Pm3m
P63/mmc
lm3m
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1989
Atomlc P e r c e n t Y t t e r b l u m
0
LO
20
30
40
50 80 7080 100
I600
A1
Welght P e r c e n t Ytterbium
~-
Yb
-
Phase
Composition,
wt% Yb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Al)
A13Yb
A12Yb
WYb)
(BYb)
0
68
76.2
99.6 to 100
99.9 to 100
cF4
cP4
cF24
c12
cF4
Fmj m
Pm3m
Fd3m
Im3m
FmTm
2*56/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Al-Zn
J.L. Murray, 1983
Atomlc Percent Z ~ n c
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
('41)
(Zn)
0 to 83.1
98.8 to 100
cF4
hP2
Fmm
P63Immc
Metastable phases
(a'Al),
"R
Y
,,,,,,
Weight Percent Zlnc
A1
(a)
...
..
..
..
R3m
...
...
(a) Coherent precipitate
Zn
Al-Zr
2000
78 to -85
J.Murray, A. Peruzzi, and J.P. Abriata, 1992
o
10 20 30
40
50
Atomic Percent Aluminum
so
70
Phase
Composition,
wt% Al
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P63lmmc
Im3m
Pmm
P631mmc
I4lmcm
P42Immm
p6
P63lmcm
Cmcm
Fdcn
P63lmmc
I41m-m
Fm3m
We~ght Percent Alumlnum
As-Au
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Atomic Percent Gold
5
10
m
As
Weight Percent Gold
Au
Phase
Composition,
w i % Au
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(As)
(Au)
0
100
hR 2
RS"
Fm3m
cF4
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.57
As-Bi
C.A. Ceach and R.A. Jettery, 1953
A t o r n l c Percent Arsenlc
Phrse
817.C
(Bi)
(As)
Bi
Welght Percent Arsenic
Composition,
wt% As
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -0.2
-100
hR2
hR 2
Rzm
R3m
As
As-Cd
H. Okarnoto, 1992
Atomic P e r c e n t Cadmiurn
-r.--c--.r---
SO
60
70
60
g
y
Phaw
800
As2Cd
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
42.8
hR 2
t112
R3m
14122
High-pressure phases
As2CdII
AS2CdIII(a)
AsCd
AszCddb)
As2Cd311(c)
...
Pbca
Pmmn
...
&
,
0
Metastable phase
As
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C a d m ~ u m
Cd
AslCd
27
t*20
t1160
t1160
t1160
141/acd
14,a
Iacd
( a ) >46 kbw. ( b ) 55 kbw. ( c ) 30 kbar (d) Also might be PAs2Cd3. ( e ) Vapor deposition. (f) Synthesis at
675 "C
2*58/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
As-Co
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1990
Atomlc Percent Arsenic
..............................................
61r-c S.P.
Phase
Composition,
wt% As
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aCo)
(ECO)
CoSAsz
PCozAs(a)
aCo2As(a)
Co3As2
PCoAs
aCoAs
PCoAsz
aCoAs2
CoAs3
(AS)
0 to -3.2
0 to -3
33.7
38.8 to 39.2
38.8
46
55.9
55.9
71.8
71.8
7 9 to 79.2
-100
cf74
hP2
hP42
hP9
Fm3m
P63lrnmc
P63cm
P62m
hP4
oP8
oP6
mP12
el32
hR2
P63/mmc
Pna2 1
Pnnm
p21/c
1 ~ 3
R3m
..
...
?
(a) aCo2As (low-temperature form) transforms into i3CoZAs(high-temperature form) at 452 OC
Co
W e ~ g h t Percent Arsenic
As
As-Cu
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
A t o m ~ cPercent Arsenic
Composition,
wt% AS
Pearson
symbol
0 to -7.96
12.8 to 16.4
28.2 to 31.2
28.8 to 31.2
32.1 to 33.1
32.1 to 33.1
100
hP2
W8
hP24
cF16
012 8
hR2
P63lmmc
P63lmmc
p?cl
Fmsm
lbam
R3m
-37.1
-61.12
tP6
0128
P4lnmm
C F ~
Space
group
~~3~
Immm
100-
0
0
Cu
10
20
30
40
50
80
We~ght Percent Arsenic
70
80
90
100
As
As-Fe
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent lron
Composition,
wt% Fe
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.05
27.1
42.7
50 to 55
59.9
88 to 100
98.7 to 100
hR2
oP6
oP8
...
tP6
c12
cF4
R3m
Pnnm
Pnma
P4lnmm
ImTm
Fm3m
64.2
hR17
R3
...
High-pressure phase
As
Weight Percent Iron
Fe
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.59
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phaso
Composition,
w t % As
Pearson
symbol
(Ga)
GaAs
(As)
0
51.8
100
oC8
cF8
hR2
Space
group
Cmca
~33rn
R3m
H. Okamoto, 1991
As-Ge
Atomic Percent Arsenlc
Phase
1000
(Ge)
GeAs
GeAs(a)
GeAsl
(As)
Composition,
w t k As
Pearson
symbol
0 to 0.19
50.8
50.8
67.4
88 to 100
cF8
mC24
t14
oP24
hR2
Composition,
wt% As
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
~mJm
C2lm
14mm
P@m
R3m
(a) High-pressure phase
H. Okamoto, 1992
As-In
Atornlc Percent Arsenlc
Space
group
o
i
t
+
0
1100
10
20
30
40
50
00
70
80
QO
100
Phase
High-pressure phases
S.P.
InAs II(a)
InAs III(b)
39.5
39.5
(a) Between 7 and 15 GPa. (b) Above 17 GPa (hysteresis between 15 and 17 GPa)
2*60/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
F.W. Dorn, W. Klemm, and S. Lohmeyer, 1961
Atomlc Percent Arsenic
Phase
Composition,
w1% As
Pearson
symbol
(K)
K3As
&As4
KAs
PKAsz
-0
39
60.5
65.7
79.3
c12
hP8
900
800
...
oP16
As-Mn
Space
group
Im3m
P63lmmc
...
p212121
H. Okamoto, 1989
Phase
(As)
yAsMn
PAsMn
aAsMn
As3Mn4
PAszMn3
aAszMn,
AsMnz
AsMn3
@Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Composition,
wt% Mn
o
-
42.3
42.3
42.3
49.4
52
52
59.5
69
100
100
93 to loo
loo
Pearson
symbol
hR2
hP4
oP8
hP4
tl*
Space
group
R3m
P631mmc
Pnma
P63lmmc
...
...
...
P4lnmm
Pmmn
Im3m
Fm3m
P'1132
143m
High-pressure phase
AsMnz
59.5
(a) Distorted cubic
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1986
Atomlc Percent Arsenlc
2400
Composition,
Phase
(aNd)
(PW
Nd3As
N~AS
NdAsz
(As)
(a) Structure not known
wt% AS
0
0
15
34.2
51.0
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP4
c12
P63lmmc
Im3m
(a)
FmTm
P ~
mPl?
cF8
hR2
...
R3m
c
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.61
M. Singleton and P.
As-Ni
Nash, 1991
Composition,
a % As
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 6.30
33.27 to 33.99
48.1
56.1 to 57.4
71.86(a)
71.86
cF4
hP42
tP76
hP4
oP24
oP6
~m3m
Pb3cm
P41212
P631mmc
Pbco
Pnnm
(a) Up to 600 OC
0
20
10
30
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Arsenic
NI
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1991
Atomic Percent Phosphorus
Phase
(As)
ASP
P (black)
P (white)
P (red)
Composition,
wts P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 8.9
-21.5
100
4 3 to 100
100
hR2
...
oC8(a)
(b)
(c)
RSm
(a) At highpressures, mansforms to a rhombohedra1 suucture. (b) Cublc at
per unit cell
Welght P e r c e n t P h o s p h o r u s
4s
...
...
35 T.(c) Cubic wlth 66 atoms
P
N.A. Gokcen, 1990
As-Pb
,
...
Cmco
o O
0
As
*
.
10
.
20
30
.. . - , . - - . . - , . - 40
50
60
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t I.rad
70
80
90
100
I' h
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~h
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(As)
(Pb)
0
100
hR2
cF4
Fm3m
R@
2.62/Binary
Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent Palladium
1600
Phase
(As)
As2Pd
PAsPd2
aAsPd,
As2Pd5
As2Pd5
As2Pd5
As2Pd5
As3Pd8
AsPd,
AsPd5
(Pd)
Composition.
w t b Pb
Penrson
symbol
0
41.5
74.0
74.0
78.0
78.0
78.0
78.0
79.1
81
87.6
100
hR2
cP12
hP9
mP54
hP*
hP84
hP*
hP*
hP33
tI32
mC24
cF4
87.6
cI2
74.0
74.0
78.0
90.9
oC24
hP *
Space
group
R3m
pa3
P62m
P2/m
...
P"j1
P6322
P3m 1
P3
IT
(2
Fm3m
Metastable phase
AsPd5
Im3m
Questionable phases
As
Welght Percent Palladium
aAsPd,
aAsPd2
As2Pd5
AsPd,
Pd
o* *
C m ~ 2 ~
...
...
...
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent S u l f u r
Phase
B.P.
As
Weight Percent Sulfur
(ah)
1/As4s3
PA&
aAs&
PASS
aAsS
As2S3
(s)
Composition,
wtW S
Pearson
symbol
0
24.3
24.3
24.3
30.0
30.0
39
100
hR2
Space
group
...
R3m
...
I**
oP28
mP32
mP32
mP20
oF128
Pnma
P211n
P21Ic
p21/c
Fddd
...
S
As-Sb
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atornlc Percent Arsenlc
850
Phase
(Sb,As)
senic
As
Composition,
wt% As
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
hR2
RFm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams12063
As-Se
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Selenlurn
60
70
80
90
100
Phase
(As)
PAS.&
aAs4Se3
AsSe
As2Se3
,:f
, , , , ,
kj
.a
a
,
;
,
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
44.2
44.2
51.3
61
100
hR2
mC112
0P28
mP32
mP20
hP 3
~3rn
CZIC
Pnma
P21lc
P211c
P3121
B
*
- . , , . , . . . . . . . . .
50
70
81
w,
. , . , , , , . ,
90
80
. . , . . , . , .
100
h t Percent S e l e n ~ u m
Se
As-Si
R. W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1985
Atomic Percent A r s e n ~ c
Composition,
wt% AS
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 8.8
72.7
84.2
84.2
- 100
cF8
o**
OP*
cP12
hR2
Fdsm
...
Pbam
pa%
R3m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
(As)
AsSn
As,Sn,
(pSn)(a)
(aSn)(b)
0 to -21.9
61.3
67.87 to 70?
99.9 to 100
100
hR2
cF8
hR7
t14
cF8
phase
(a) High-pressure phase
7.C
10
I
20
30
40
M
BO
80
70
90
I
Weight Percent Arsenic
As-Sn
N.A. Gokcen, 1990
(a) White tin. stable above 13 OC (b) Grey tin. stable below 13 OC
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Tln
As
----__^
^__--..
.....
"-.
Sn
^
..
_ " - _ _ _
. ., .
Space
group
R3m
F ~ J
R3m
1411amd
Fmjm
~
2*64/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
As-Te
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Tellurium
As
Weight Percent Tellurium
Phpse
Composition,
wt% Te
Phme
Composition,
wt% As
Pearson
symbol
Space
~ O U P
Te
As-TI
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
Atomic Percent Arsenic
(aT1)
(PTU
(As)
0
0
loo
Pearson
symbol
hP2
,212
h ~ 2
Space
FOUP
P63/mm~
~mTm
R T ~
100
TI
Weight Percent Arsenic
As
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Arsenic
10
0
1
Yb
. . ..
. . . .20',
30
. . . . . '.
,
40
.' .
.
50
. . . . . ,' . . . . .
We~ght Percent Arsenic
,
.
Composition,
80
,
.'
Phme
wt% AS
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.65
H. Okamoto, 1992
As-Zn
Atornlc P e r c e n t Z i n c
0
10
20
30
40
60
50
70
80
90
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
High-pressure phases
AsZn
As2Zn311(a)
AszZn,II'
AszZn3111
AszZndb)
Other phases
AszZn
AszZn3
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
oP16
cF*
oP*
Pbca
...
Pmmn
( a ) A t 55 kbar. (b) A t 70 kbar
Weight P e r c e n t Zlnc
As
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Au-Be
Atomic Percent B e r y l l ~ u m
........ Ponibla
10
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Phase
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
34.6
100
cF4
cF24
~~3~
76 to 81
61
46 to 7 1
cP 1
hR 1
-200 rr'-like unit
cells
Complex
I.'
L
0
Phme
Composition,
wt% Be
20
Au
30
40
50
(calculated)
60
70
80
90
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Beryllium
100
Be
Au-Bi
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Blsrnuth
0
10
20
30
40
,
50
,
80
- ,
70
80
90
100
(Au)
AulBi
(Bi)
Metastable phases
n
K'
Microcrystalline
(AuBi)?
(Bi)
0
0
Au
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t Blsrnuth
70
80
80
100
BI
56
hR2
Fd3m
RTm
Pm3m
R S ~
...
...
2066/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Au-Ca
H. Okamoto, T.B. Massalski, C.B. Alcock, and V.P. Itkin, 1987
Atomlr P e r c e n t Calclum
0 1020 30 10
IlOO
50
60
70
Phaw
Composition,
wt% Ca
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
~m?m
F43m
...
...
...
(Au)
AuSCa
Au9Ca2
Au&a
Au,Caz
Au3Ca
PAuzCa
aAu2Ca
AuCa
...
...
...
Cmcm
...
...
...
...
PAugCa10
aAu9Calo
Au3Ca4
AuCaz
(Wa)
(aW
Im3m
Fm3m
(a) Same as Au3Ca? (b) Not cubic. ( c ) Same as AuCa?
0
10
Au
20
30
40
50
80
70
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Calcium
80
90
100
Ca
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Au-Cd
Atomlc Percent C a d m i u m
Phaw
1200
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 21.6
cfi'4
Fmm
Pm3m
-16
~ong~erio
superstructures
d
AuXd
...
15
P631mmc
...
R3m
...
P6glmmc
P631mcm
...
Pmm
Pmma
...
I43m
I43m
...
I4lmcm
...
Au
Welght P e r c e n t C a d m l u m
Cd
...
...
...
P63/mmc
Note: d = dimensional. (a) Hexagonal. (b) Rhombohedral. (c) Not shown in the assessed diagram. (d) bct
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*67
Au-Ce
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., F.W. Calderwood, H. Okamoto, and
T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o r n ~ c Percent G o l d
1500
Phase
1
Composition,
wl% Au
Pearson
symbol
I
Space
UP
~m?m
P63/mmc
~mSm
Im3m
Pnma
Pnma
Cmcm
Imma
P6/m
C/&
Fm3m
0
10
20
30
Ce
40
50
60
70
80
90
Weight Percent Gold
1W
Au
Au-Co
H. Okarnoto, T.B. Massalski, M. Hasebe, and T. Nishizawa, 1987
A t o r n ~ cPercent Cobalt
Composition,
wtk Co
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(ECo)
0 to 8
92.1 to 100
? to 100
cF4
cF4
hP 2
Fmm
Fm3m
P63lmmc
Phsse
Composition,
wt% C r
Phase
(Au)
(ace)
0
Au
10
20
30
40
50
60
W e ~ g h t Percent Cobalt
70
80
90
IW
Co
Au -Cr
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
-
(Au)
a'
(Cr)
0 to -19
2 to 8
-90 to 100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
dl0
~12
Fmm
14/m
1m3m
2068/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Au-Cu
H. Okamoto, D.J. Chakrabarti, D.E. Laughlin, and
T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o r n l c Percent Coouer
Phase
(Au,Cu)
Au3Cu
AuCu(1)
AuCu(I1)
AuCu3(I)
AuCu3(II)
Composition,
wt% Cu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
3 to 16.8
19 to 30
16.8 to 35
40 to 58
cF4
cP4
tP4
0140
cP4
tP28
Fmzm
Pm3m
P4lmmm
Imma
Pm3m
P2mm
39 to ?
0
Au
Weight Percent Copper
Cu
Au-Dy
K.A. Gschneidner, jr., F.W. Calderwood, H. Okamoto, and
T.B. Massalski, 1987
Atomic Percent Gold
0
I600
10
20
7
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
\
Phase
(~DY)
(~'DY)
(PDY)
DYZAU
aDyAu
PDYAu
Dy.4~2
Dy.4~3
DYIIAU~I
D~Au6
(Au)
(a)
We~ght Percent Gold
Composition,
wt% Au
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
0
37.7
55
56
70.8
78
-8 1.6
87.9
98.1 to 100
hP2
P6glmmc
(a)
...
cI2
oP12
oC8
cP2
t16
oP8
hP65
tP56
cF4
ImL
Pnma
Cmcm
Pm3m
I4lmmm
Pmmn
P6lm
P4d!cm
Fm3m
Orthorhombic distortion, T S 86 K
Au
AU-Eu
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Europium
1200
Phme
(Au)
Au5Eu
AudEu
Au2Eu
PAuEu
aAuEu
Au2Eu3
Au3Eu7
AuEu3
(Eu)
Composition,
wt% Eu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
13.4
16
27.8
43.6
43.6
54
64
70
100
cF4
hP6
~m?m
P6lmmm
...
...
0112
Imma
...
...
oP8
hR45
Pnma
R3
P63/mc
Pn-ma
Im3m
hP20
oPl6
cI2
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.69
H. Okamoto, T.B. Massalski, 1.1. Swartzendruber, and
P.A. Beck, 1987
Au-Fe
~ t o m l cP e r c e n t ~ r o n
20 30
10
50
60
70
80
85
90
95
100
Composition,
wt% Fe
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 45
77 to 100
96 to 100
93 to 100
cF4
cF4
el2
c12
Fmzm
Fm3m
Im3m
Im3m
19 to 7 2
30 to 32
32 to 53
...
...
Metastable phases
...
...
...
...
(a) Found in thin films deposited at liquid nitrogen temperature or below. (b) Formed by crystallization
on heating amorphous phase
Au
Welght P e r c e n t I r o n
Fe
Au-Ga
T.B. Massalski and H. Okamoto, 1987
Atomlc Percent Galhum
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
100
Phase
(Au)
a'
P
P'
Y
1/
AuGa
AuGaz
(Ga)
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 4.8
4.9 to 5.5
cF4
hP16
P63/mmc
8.3 to 9.1
8.7 to 10.5
13.1 to 14
13.1 to 14
26.1
41.5
100
(a)
...
(b)
...
(b)
(b)
...
oP8
cF12
oC8
Pnrna
Fmf m
Cmca
~~3~
...
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Orthorhomhic
0
Au
I0
20
30
40
50
80
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t G a l l l u m
80
80
100
Ga
Au-Ge
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Atomxc Percent G e r m a n i u m
Phase
(Au)
(Ge)
Metastable phases
P
Y
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
to 1 ( a )
100(a)
cF4
cF8
FmTm
Fdm
7 to l l ( a )
l i to 29(a)
hP2
tl*
P63/mmc
0
(a) Approximate composition from the phase d~agram
...
2*70/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Au-Hg
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1989
Atomlc P e r c e n t Mercury
Pha~e
(Au)
r
AuzHg
A"6H~~
Au~Hgs
(Hg)
Au
Composition,
wt% Hg
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 20.1
16.2 to 23
21 to 26
33.7
cF4
hP36
hP2
hf-150
hP22
hP22
cI5 2
Fmm
P63lmmc
P631mmc
46.0
62.0
100
hR I
...
P63/mcm
P63/mcm
142111
R3m
Weight P e r c e n t Mercury
Au-in
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1992
Atornlc P e r r e n t lndlurn
0
LO
20
30
50
40
GO
~ -GO - + - + - 1
-810
70
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
a1
0 to 7.8
7.4 to 8.9
6
P
8 to 14.8
13.8 to 14.3
Fm%n
P63lmmc
P63/mmc
P63lmmc
PI
13.9 to 14.5
E
15.9 to 16.3
15.9 to 16.3
19.1 to 21.1
cF4
hP16
hP4
hP2
(a)
(b)
hP26
(a)
(b)
of8
cP52
cP76
hP60
Phw
(Au)
E'
Y
./
V
50.834.C
AuIn,
(In)
19.8 to 20.5
24.1 to 27.6
37 to 36.9
53.9
100
hP5
(c)
cF12
tI2
...
...
P3
...
...
Pmmn
P43m
PZ3m
P3
P3ml
...
Fmm
I41mmm
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Orthorhombic. (c) Triclinic
Au
Weight P e r c e n t i n d i u m
in
A.D. Pelton, 1987
Atomic P e r c e n t Potasslum
0
20 30
10
50
80
70
80
PO
Phase
Composition,
wt% K
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Au)
Au5K
AuzK
AUK
AUK,
(K)
0
3.8
9.0
16.6
28.5
100
cF4
hP6
...
Fmm
P6lmmm
c12
1m5m
100
Note: At 25 "C
...
...
...
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.71
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr., F.W. Calderwood, H. Okamoto, and
T.B. Massalski, 1987
Au-La
Atomlc P e r c ~ n tGold
0
1
LO
'
,
30
20
40
50
8
70
t - .
M)
80
90
tW
Phase
Composition,
wt% A u
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aLa)
@La)
Wa)
La2Au
aLaAu
PLaAu
LaAu2
La14Aus1
LaAu,
(Ad
0
0
0
41.5
59
59
74.0
-81 to -83.8
89.5
100
hP4
cF4
c12
oP12
oP8
oC8
011 2
hP65
mC28
cF4
P63lmmc
Fm%
lm3m
Pnma
Pnma
Cmcm
Imma
P6/m
C2/c
Fm%
Au-Li
A.D. Pelton, 1987
Atomlc Percent L ~ t h ~ u r n
0 50 70 80
90
95
1200
(aAu)
(a~Au)
(a2Au)
Au,Li4
P'2
P'I
P'
82(HT)
600
~KLT,
AuLi3
Au4Li15
(PWW
100
Composition,
wt% L i
Pearson
symbol
0 to 0.7
0.7 t o 1
2 t o 2.3
2.7
3 to 4
4 to4.1
4.1 to 4.3
5.6 to 6.3
5.6 to 6.3
10
12
100
100
cF4
cP4
(b)
(c)
oP2
1P2?(b)
cP2
hP9
Space
group
(4
cF16
cI76
C I ~
hP2
(a) At 25 ' C . (b) Complex. (c) Hexagonal. (d) Strntlar to ?j2.(e) T less than -201 "C
200
0
0
1
20
30
40
50
60
80
70
Wetght Percent L~thlurn
Au
QO
100
L1
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Composition,
wt% AU
0 to 0.8
73
76.42
80.20
89.5
96
96.3
96.6
96.64
96.81
97
100
(Mg)
Mg3Au
Mg~Auz
Mg2Au
(MgAu)
Mg26Au74
Mg24Au76
Mg23Au11
Mg22Au18
Mg4Au15
MgAu4
(Au)
(a) Structure reportedly
Wetght Percent Gold
Mg
-- - ----
--."
*.-
-- -
-
Au
-
1s
related to that of the "X-phase."
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
...
Pnam or Pna2 1
Pmm
Cm2m
Cmcm
P6glmcm
I4/mmm
B2/m
2*72/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Au-Mn
T.B. Massalski and H. Okamoto, 1987
Atomic P e r c e n t Manganese
0 10 70 30
40
50
60
70
80
90
I400y-+--7--+4---r"----7------r"----,---
Phase
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Oto 11
5 to 6
~m3m
14lm
P21lb
7.07
7.07
7.0 to 7.2
7.49
...
Pnnm
...
...
...
...
...
7.49
5.52
7.55
7.57
7.59
7.63
7.50
-8
7.2 to 10
...
...
...
...
...
Pnnm
...
...
...
...
...
...
Atomic P e r c e n t Manganese
70
-.. .....,.........,... .
30
- . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.
. ........
.
...
...
I4lmmm
...
...
...
...
9
9.21
-9.2
-9.2
-9.2
-9.2
-9.2
10.04
12.24
12.3 to 38.5
16 to 29
19 to 22
22 to 25
23
36
100
46 to 100
100
100
67 to 100
60.5 to 75.3
73.4
Au-rich region of the Au-Mn phase diagram
Space
group
...
...
...
...
...
C2lm
I4Im-m
Pm3m
...
...
...
...
I4/m_mm
Im3m
Fm3m
P4132
Iz3m
...
...
...
Note: 2d = two dimensional. APS = antiphase structure. (a) Monoclinic. (b) Orthorhombic. (c) Square
island. (d) Lozenge island. (e) Thin film. (0 Metastable. (g) Teuagonal
Welght P e r c e n t Manganese
Au-Na
A.D. Pelton, 1987
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t S o d l u m
0
30
' l "
50 60
'
1~1.a'd
'
70
,'
80
, I
,
90
85
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) Existence requires verification; T = 775 "C. (b) Complex structure. (c) T is less than -237 "C.
0
Au
10
20
30
10
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t S o d i u m
70
00
80
100
Na
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*73
Au-Nb
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
W e ~ g h t Percent N ~ o b i u m
Au
Au-Ni
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1991
Atomlc Percent N ~ c k e i
Phase
0
Au
10
20
30
40
50
80
Welght Percent Nickel
70
80
90
Composition,
w i % Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1W
Ni
Au-Pb
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o m ~ cPercent Lead
Phase
Composition,
w i % ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2*74/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Au-Pd
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o r n ~ cPercent P a l l a d u r n
0
1
ZU
10
30
10
80
.XI
6
70
0
90
80
0
Phase
~
(Au,Pd)
Au,Pd
AuPd
AuPd,
Composition,
w t ~ b~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
7 to 20
cF4
cP4
Fmm
Prnm
?
(a)
...
53 to 83
cP4('?)
Pm3m
(a) Long period?
0
Au
Weight Percent P a l l a d i u m
Pd
Au-Pr
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr., F.W. Calderwood, H. Okamoto, and
T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o m ~ c Percent Gold
50
60
70
80
90
--
A
-
Phase
(aW
(PPr)
Pr2Au
aPrAu
PPrAu
yPrAu
aPrAuz
PPrAuz
P~I~Au~I
PrAu6
(Au)
Pr
0 to 2.17
41.1
58
58
58
73.7
73.7
-81 to -83.6
89.3
-99.93 to 100
w4
c12
oP12
oP8
oC8
cP2
0112
tPlOX
hP65
mC2X
cF4
Space
group
~6~1mmc
lm3m
Pnm
Pnm
Cmcm
Pmsm
Imma
P4Inmm
P6/m
C~/C
Fm3m
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Atomic Percent P l a t i n u m
0
o to ~ 0 . 1 7
Pearson
symbol
We~ght Percent Gold
Au-Pt
la00
Composition,
wt% Au
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
l89-c
Phase
(Au,Pt)
Metastable phases
Au,Pt
AUP~
AuPt,
(a) Tetragonal
Welght P e r c e n t P l a t i n u m
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
cF4
FmTm
4.9 to 39.8
49.8
74.8
...
(a)
...
...
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*75
H. Okamoto, T.B. Massalski, and D.E.Peterson, 1987
Phase
Composition,
wt% PU
20
10
30
50
40
60
70
80
90
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t P l u t o n ~ u r n
cF4
FmSm
Unknown
Unknown
...
(a)
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
...
320DC
oF8
21SDC
mC34
mP16
125OC
Au
Space
group
...
...
...
....7
...
...
lmJm
14lmmm
FmJm
Fddd
C2/m
P2dm
c12
t12
cF4
ra3*c
463V
0
Pearson
symbol
100
P kr
Au-Rb
A.D. Pelton, 1987
3
:
,-4
1064.43~~
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t R u b i d ~ u r n
60
70
.-+.+-.-.-.
80
90
--..
phase
900
L
800
Au
Composition,
wt% ~h
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
8 .O
17.8
30.3
100
cF4
hP6
Fmm
P61mmm
cP2
c12
pmm
lm3m
...
I? b
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Rubldlurn
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Au-Sb
10
0
...
20
30
Atomlc P e r c e n t Antlmony
10
50
GO
70
80
-
90
100
1 w . 4 3 ~ ~
(Au)
AuSbz
(Sb)
Composition,
wt% Sh
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.75
cF4
cP12
hR2
F ~
Pc3
R3m
hP2
cP 1
P63lmmc
Pm3m
55.3
100
Metastable phases
...
...
Au
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Antlrnony
Sb
8 to 10
61 to 7 6
J
~
2e76/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Au-Se
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o m ~ cPercent S e l e n i u m
I
)
0
-
Phase
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
wow
(Au)
aAuSe
PAuSe(a)
-
We)
I-
(a) Metastable
-
1--
-
L
Au
Weight Percent S e l e n i u m
Se
Au-Si
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o m i c Percent Silicon
I
lea0
100
0 1
Au
0
2
Q
3
0 4 O Y ) B O
Weight Percent Silicon
7
0
~
8
0
phase
Composition,
~ 1 %
si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1
Au-Sn
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Tin
r200
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
Composition,
wt% Sn
70
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmsm
P63lmmc
P631mmc
or AuSSn
6 or AuSn
E
or AuSn2
11 or AuSn4
(PSn)
(aSn)
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Orthorhombic
Au
Weight P e r c e n t Tin
Sn
R5
P63/mmc
Pbca
A ba2
141/amd
Fmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.77
Au-Sr
C.B. Alcock, V.P. Itkin, H. Okamoto, and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Atornlc
Percent S t r o n t ~ u m
Composition,
wt% Sr
Phase
Penrson
symbol
cF4
hP6
011 2
?
(Au)
Au&
Au2Sr
a
P
?
?
Y
AuSr3
AuSry
?(a)
?(b)
(PSI)
cI2
cF4
Space
group
F ~ T
P6lmmm
Imma
...
...
...
~
...
...
ImJm
FmTm
(a) Complex. (b) Hexagonal
Au-Te
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
Atomic P e r c e n t Tellurium
Phxe
a
B
J
.
44rc
400-
200
Au
+
(Au)
AuTez (calaverite)
(Te)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 t o 0.10
56.5
100
cF4
mC6
hP3
FmTm
C2Im
P3,21
...
aP60
oP24
cP 1
P1
Pmf2
Pm3m
Metastable phases and other phases
Petzite (a)
Montbrayite(a)
Krennerite(a)
(b)
484.C
.44o.erc
82
Weight P e r c e n t Tellurium
Au-Th
Composition,
wt% Te
24.4
49
56.5
48.9 to 79
...
(a) Natural ore. May be stable only with addltlonal impurities. (b) Splat cooled at rwm temperature.
Complete decomposition in LO min at 165 "C p69.6 at.% Te). 8 min at 260 T or 10 h at I75 "C (62.5
at.% Te). (c) Splat cooled at room temperature. (d) Unidentified structure. (e) Vapor deposition of Te on
Au at room temperature. (0 Amorphous
Te
H. Okamoto, T.B. Massalski, and D.E. Peterson, 1991
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T h o r l u m
0
I800
10
20
30
40
,
50
80
70
, '
80
80
LOO
~
h
w
(Au)
A"~~Th~4
Au2Th
Au4Th3
AuTh
A U ~ T ~ ~
AuTh,
(PTh)
(aTh)
(a) Cubic?
Au
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t T h o r l u m
Th
Composition,
wt% ~h
Pearson
symbol
-0
24.44
37.08
46.91
54
64
70.21
100
-100
cF4
hP65
hP3
hR42
oC8
(a)
t112
c12
C F ~
Space
group
F
~
P6/m
P6lmmm
R3
Cmcm
...
I4/mcm
1m3m
~m3m
J
~
2078/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Au-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
0
A t o r n ~ c Percent
10
20
5
Gold
30
40
50
60 70 80
100
IS00
Phase
(aTi)
(PTO
Ti,Au
PiAu
PTiAu
aTiAu
TiAut
TiAu4
(Au)
Composition,
wt% AU
Pearwn
symbol
Space
group
0 to 6.6
0 to 42
58
72 t o 82
80 t o 80.4
80.4
89.2
94 to 95
97 t o 100
hP?
c12
cP8
cP2
of4
tP4
t16
?I10
cF4
P6glmmc
Im5m
Pm>n
Pm3m
Pmma
P4Inmm
I4Immm
14/m
~m?m
700
600
500
0
LO
20
30
40
50
60
00
70
80
W e ~ g h tPercent Cold
TI
100
Au
Au-TI
H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski, 1987
A t o m i c Percent T h a l l i u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
erou~
0 to 1.04
100
100
cF4
hP2
cI2
Composition,
wt% U
Pearwn
symbol
group
0
24.9
37.6
100
100
100
cF4
hP65
hP3
c12
tP 30
oC4
FmSm
P6/m
P611yn
Im3m
P4dmnm
cmcm
Fmm
P6jlmmc
ImSm
0
O
Au
M
2
0
~
4
0
5
0
Weight Percent T h a l l i u m
~
7
0
~
6
V
l
~
TI
Au-U
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atornlc P e r c e n t Uranlurn
Phase
MOO
(Au)
A"~~U~4
Au2U
(YU)
(Pu)
(aU)
Au
Weight P e r c e n t U r a n i u m
U
Space
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.79
AU -V
J.F. Smith, 1989
-
A t o m ~ cPercent Gold
Phase
(v)
V3Au(a)
VAu2
VAu,
(Au)
Composition,
wt% Au
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to -66
48 to 55
88 to 89
92 to 96
-71 to 100
c12
cP8
oC12
tll0
cF4
Im3m
PmSn
group
(b)
14/m
Fm3m
(a) In the presence of small amounts of 0 or N , a second phase with the Cu3Au-type structure may co-exist
with the Cr3Si-type structure. (b) Crystal structure related to the MoSi2-type structure, but w t h a unit cell
of twice the size.
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr., F.W. Calderwood, H. Okamoto, and
T.B. Massalski, 1987
Phsse
(PYb)
WYb)
Yb7Au3
Yb2Au
Yb5Au3
TbSAu4
aYbAu
PYbAu
YbAu,
YbAu,
YbAul
(Au)
Au-Zn
Composition,
wt% Au
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
33
36.2
40.6
47.6
cF4
c12
hP20
oP12
t132
oP36
oP8
cP2
t16
oP8
tll0
cF4
F ~
Im3m
P63/mc
Pnma
I4/mcm
Pnma
Pnma
Pm3m
I4Immm
Pmmn
14/m
Fmh
53
53
69.5
77
82
93.9 to 100
S
H. Okarnoto and T.B. Massalski, 1990
Phase
(Au)
a3
at
a'2
a2
Au+%
P'
PI
6
Y
Y2
Y3
E
E'
(Zn)
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 14
-4 to 7.4
-7.9 to 11.7
9.0 to 9.5
-9.7 to 10.2
16.6
17 to 31
24 to 26
30
38 to51
50 to 51
54 to 62.7
64 to 73
64 to 67
80.4 to 100
cF4
Fm?m
P n n or Pnmn
(a)
(b)
(b)
(a)
(a)
cP2
?
?
c15 2
cP3 2
hP *
hP2
(c)
hP2
...
1411acd
Abam (Cmca)
...
PmSm
...
...
...
Pm7m
P6lmmm
P6+mc
...
P6jlmmc
(a) Orthorhomb~c,antiphase domain. (b) Tehagonal, antiphase domain. (c) Orthorhomb~c,pseudocell
~~
Au
~
Wrlght P e r c e n t Zinc
...
Zn
2*80/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
T.B. Massalski, H. Okamoto, and J.P. Abriata, 1987
Au-Zr
Atornlc Percent Z ~ r c o n l u m
lam
Au1&r7
Au4Zr5
AuZrz
AuZr3
(PW
(azd
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fm3m
Pnma
Pmmn
I4lmmm
27
cF4
oF20
oP8
t16
1134
36.7
48.1
58
100
100
...
t16
cP8
~ 1 2
hP2
?
...
I4/mmm
~mJn
Im3m
P63Immc
,,
8
#
,
,
, ,
0
3
0 1 0 Y ) B O 7 O
Weight Percent Zirconium
B
O
9
0
l
M
Zr
H. Okamoto, 1992
B-C
Atomic Percent Carbon
0
Composition,
B
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Space
Weight Percent Carbon
P.K. Liao and K.E. Spear, 1988
B-Co
Atomic Percent Boron
100
2200
Pear son
symbol
group
phase
wt% c
. . - - . . . , ! . . . . . . . . , .!.......,..'_ml...'......,...!.....
Composition,
phase
I V ~ V ~ WB
-0
-0
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
Fm3m
P6jlmmc
Pbnm
I4lmcm
Pnma
R3m
7.8
hP?
...
8.4
15.5
100
tIl 2
oP8
hR108
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*81
P.K. Liao and K.E. Spear, 1986
A t o m ~ cPercent Boron
do'2*
Phase
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im?m
Fddd
Fddd
Abmm
I4/mcm
I4lmcm
Cmcm
Immm
P6lmmm
...
...
R3m
(a) Unstable or stability is uncertain. (b) Onhorhombic.(c) Tetragonal
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1982
Atamlc Percent Boron
Phase
0)
(B)
(B)
(PB)
(aB)
Composition,
wt% B
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -0.05
>80
cF4
tP192
S O
100
100
hR105
hR108
hR12
tP192
Fm?m
P41212or
p432_12(?)
R2m
R3m
R?;m
P41212 or
P43212(?)
100
W e ~ g h t Percent Boron
Cu
B
P.K. Liao and K.E. Spear, unpublished
B-Fe
Atornlc Percent Boron
0
20 30 40
50
80
70
80
90
95
100
Phase
(aFe)
Fe2B
FeB
(PB)
Metastable phases
Fe,B
Fe3B(HT)
Fe3B(LT)
(a) bct. (b) Tetragonal
Composition,
wt% Fe
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0
8.8
c12
dl2
oP8
hR 108
Im5-m
I41mcm
Pbmn
R5m
16.0 to 16.2
100
-6
-6
-6
2*82/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
B-Mn
P.K. Liao and K.E. Spear, 1986
Atomic Percent Boron
o 1020 30
2200
40
50
60
70
80
80
100
phase
(8Mn)
Mn4B(a)
MnzB(a)
MnB
Mn3B4
MnB2
MnB4
MnB-4)
(PB)
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
el?
0F40
~m?m
Fddd
Fddd
I4lmcm
Pnma
Immm
Pblmmm
c2/m
R F
R3m
5
9.0
9.0
16
20.8
28.3
44
...
100
(b 1
t112
OP
0114
hP3
(c)
hR108
hR 108
(a) Probably not thermodynamically stable. Also, onhorhombic Mn4B and Mn2B may refer to the same
phase. (b) Onhorhombic. (c) Monoclinic. (d) Probably the Mn-rich boundary or rhombohedra1 B
0
10
20
30
Mn
40
50
60
70
80
80
100
B
Weight Percent Boron
B-Mo
K.E. Spear and P.K. Liao, 1988
A t o m ~ cPercent Boron
phase
(Mo)
Mo2B
aMoB
PMoB
MoB2
M0zB5
MOB,
($B)
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to <O.l
-5
9 to 10
9 to 10.4
16 to 18
18.6 to 20
-30
>92 to 100
c12
t112
tIl6
oC8
hP3
hR2 1
hP20
hR 108
Im?m
I4lmcm
1411amd
Cmcm
P6Immm
R3m
P631mmc
R3m
7
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Weight Percent Boron
100
B
B-Nb
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Atomic Percent
o
0
B
10
10
20
30
40
50
N~ob~urn
20
80
Weight Percent Niobium
70
30
80
40 so
90
70 100
100
Nb
Composition,
wt% Nb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
73 to 83
86.6
87.8
90
93
100
hR108
hP3
0114
oC*
oC8
tPl0
cI2
R3m
P6Immm
Immm
Cmmm
Cmcm
P4l~bm
Im3m
Atornlc P e t - c ~ n tBoron
B-Ni
.,
ri----t-------rc.
,
,
I
1900
Phw
(NO
Ni3B
NizB
Ni,B,
Ni,B,
1700
NIB
NiB2(c)
o
.$"
P.K. Liao and K.E. Spear, 1991
Composition,
wl% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
6
8.4
11.5
12.5
16
26.9
cF4
oP6
t112
Fm3m
Pnm
I4/mcm
Pnma
C2Ic
Cmcrn
...
2082'
2100
p
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.83
1300R(~i)
/
(a)
(b)
oC8
(d)
(a) Orthorhombic. (b) Monoclinic. (c) Existence of these compounds has been reported but a hlghiy unlikely
(d) Cubic
NI
Welght P e r c e n t Boron
B
P.K. Liao and K.E. Spear, unpublished
A t o m c P e r c e n t Boron
10
----+
20
30
40
+
T..T.
--r---v
~hise
(Pd)
Pd16B3
Pd3B
Pd~B2
(PB)
Composition,
wl% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0.00 to 2.2
1.9
3.4
3.9
100
cF4
...
oPl6
mC28
hR 105
Fmjrn
...
Pnm
C2/c
FR3m
6
Pd
Weight P e r c e n t Boron
B-Pt
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Platlnurn
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~t
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(PB)
BzPt3
BPt2
BPt,
(Pt)
0
96
97.3
98
100
hR 108
...
hP6
~ 5 m
t**
cF4
...
P63lmmc
...
~mSm
2e841Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
B-Re
K.I. Portnoi and V.M. Romashov, 1972
A t o m ~ cPercent Boron
0 40 60 70
90
80
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -0.06
-2
-2.4
-10 to -17
-85 to 100
hP2
0C16
hP20
hP6
hR 105
P63Immc
Cmcm
P63lmc
P63Lmmc
R3m
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
RUB
RuzB3
RuB2
(B)
0 to -0.2
-4 to 6
-9 to 11
14
17.6
-100
hP2
hP2O
hP2
hPl2
of6
hR105
P63Immc
p6@~
P6m2
P63lmmc
Pmmn
~ ? m
phase
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
o
hp 2
CI2
hP3
tI26
...
hR108
95
Phase
Re
Weight Percent Boron
B
W. Obrowski, 1963
Atomic Percent Boron
20 40 50 60
70
80
(Ru)
,@ZT
Ru
RU7B3
B
Weight Percent Boron
B-SC
K.E. Spear and P.K. Liao, 1990
Atornlc Percent Boron
0 10 20 30 40
2400
50
60
70
80
SO
'
.. -..- -, .. ... .
--1
l87li
(aSc)
(PW
ScBz
SCBIZ
SCBZO
(PB)
(a) Metastable. rhombohedra1 (BB)
0
33
73
(a)
100
Space
group
~6~1mmc
ImSm
P6lmmm
14lmrnm
...
R3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.85
B-Si
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1984
A t o m l c Percent Boron
Phase
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aSi)
(Psi) (HP)
SiB,
SiBd
SiB,,
(B)
(PB)(a)
0 to -1.2
0
52.7 to 58.4
69.8
84.3 to -93
-93 to -100
100
cF8
t14
hR15
oP280
hR12
hR12
hR105
~d?m
141/amd
~ ? m
Pnnm
~?;m
R5m
R3m
(a) Assumed to be the only stable phase of pure B
: :
m :
0
Si
10
W
30
40
Jo
80
Weight Percent Boron
70
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t T a n t a l u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% TP
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
(PB)
B2Ta
B4Ta3
BTa
BzTa3
BTa2
(Ta)
0 to -2
-85.5 to 91
92.4 to 92.9
94 to 95
96.0 to 96.3
97.4 to 97.7
100
hR108
hP3
0114
oC8
tPl0
t112
~12
R3m
P6Immm
Immm
Cmcm
P4/mbm
I4/mcm
/ d m
Weight P e r c e n t T a n t a l u m
J.L. Murray, P.K Liao, and K.E. Spear, 1987
B-Ti
Atornlc P e r c e n t Boron
_T---7
40
50
1
I
60
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Boron
70
80
90
1110
I3
Composition,
-9% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to ~ 0 . 0 5
0 to ~ 0 . 0 5
18 to 18.4
22.4
30.1 to 31.1
-100
hP2
c12
oP8
0114
hP3
hR108
P631mmc
Im3m
Pnma
Immm
P6/mmm
R3m
2086/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
B-V
K.E. Spear, P.K. Liao, and J.F. Smith, 1991
Atomic Percent Boron
0
20 30 40
' ' '
/
'
50
A
60
T
I
70
,
?
80
?
-
-
90
-
-
L
,
85
100
phase
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
wow
Im3m
P4lmbm
Cmcm
Ammm
Immm
Cmcm
P6lmmm
RSm
V
Weight Percent Boron
B
B-W
S.V. Nagender Naidu and P. Rama Rao, 1991
Atomic Percent Boron
phase
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(w)
W2B
I3WB
aWB
WzB5
WB4
(B
0
2.9
5.2
5.4
11.1
21.1
100
c12
t112
oC8
t116
hP14
hP2O
hRl2
tP50
Im3m
I4lrncm
Cmcm
I4llamd
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
R3m
P4dnnm
1700
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight Percent Boron
W
70
80
90
100
B
B-Y
P.K. Liao and K.E. Spear, unpublished
Atomic Percent Boron
o 20 40 50 60
70
80
90
100
3000
Y
Weight Percent Boron
B
Phase
Composition,
wt% B
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.87
B-Zr
From [Zirconium]
Atomic Percent Zlrconlum
B
Phw
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
group
Space
(B)
B12Zr
BzZr
(PZr)
(azr)
-0
40.9
8 0 to 83.8
99.8 to 100
-100
hR105
cF5 2
hP3
c12
hP2
RJm
Fm3m
P6/mmm
Im3m
P63lmmc
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ba
Pearson
symbol
o to 6 0
0 to 100
cF4
c12
Zr
Weight P e r c e n t Zirconium
Ba-Ca
C.B. Alcock and V.P. Itkin, 1986
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t B a r i u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
8 0 90 11111
*-.I
(aCa)
(DCa,Ba)
Space
group
~ m m
1m7m
-.
L--~>
-,
20
10
0
30
50
40
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t B a r i u m
Ca
Ba-Cd
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t C a d m ~ u m
600
o
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Phme
[
[
8 7 ~ ' ~
m
m
(W-:
-,._____r___3
70
60
90
100
Ba
Wclght P e r c e n t C a d m i u m
Cd
(Ba)
Ba2Cd
BaCd
BaCd2
Ba7Cd31
BaCd,,
(Cd)
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
~12
t16
cP2
0112
hP41
t148
hP2
Im3m
14/mmm
Pm3m
Imma
P6/mmm
1411amd
P63lmmc
29.0
45
62.1
78.4
90.0
100
2088/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ba-Cu
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1984
Atomic Percent Barium
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
phase
0 )
Cu13Ba
CuBa
(Ba)
Pressure-stabilized phase
Ba
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
00
Composition,
wt% Ba
Pearson
symbol
0
14.25
68.3
100
cF4
cF112
hP8
CIZ
Fm3m
Fmc
P63l~mc
1m3m
100
hP2
P6slmmc
100
Ba-Ca
V.P. ltkin and C.B. Alcock, 1991
Atomic Percent Galhum
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
Phme
1200
Ba
Weight Percent Gallium
Composition,
wt% Ga
Space
group
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Atomic Percent Germanium
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60
00
Phme
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearsoo
symbol
Space
group
(Ba)
BalGe
BaGe
BaGez
0
20.9
35
51.4
cI2
of12
oC8
cP84
of24
Im3m
Pnma
Cmcm
P4132
Pmna
BaGe4
(Ge)
High-pressure phase
BaGe2(a)
68
100
100
1300
51.4
(a) Prepared at 1000 "C. 40 kbar pressure
Ba
Pearson
symbol
Ga
Ba-Ce
0
Space
group
Weight Percent G e r m a n ~ u m
Ge
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.89
D.T. Peterson and M. Indig, 1960
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
(Ba)
aBaH2
PBaH2
0 to 1
-1.3 to 1.5
-1.4 to 1.5
c12
of12
cl*
Imlim
Pnma
...
Phme
Composition,
w l % Hg
Pearson
symbol
Phaw
group
P.R. Subrarnanian, 1990
(Ba)
Ba2b
BaHg
o
42.2
59
~ 1 2
I16
cP2
0112
...
BaHg6
BaHgi~
BaHg13
(Hg)
Ba
-89.8
-94.1
-95
-100
hP38
...
cP36
...
hR 1
Space
group
~m?m
14/mmm
Pmlm
Imma
...
P6lmmm
...
Pmm
...
R3m
Welght P e r c e n t Mer cury
H. Okarnoto, 1992
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t lndlurn
Phase
(Ba)
Ba,,In
Ba31n
PBa21n
aBa,In
BaIn
BaIn2
BaIn4
(In)
Ba
Weight P e r c e n t Indlum
Composition,
wt% In
o
6.0
22
29.5
29.5
46
62.6
77
100
Pearson
symbol
C I ~
...
...
...
...
(a)
0112
tll0
t12
Space
group
Im3m
...
...
...
...
...
lmma
14lmmm
14/mmm
2090/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
A.D. Pelton, 1984
Ba-Li
A t o m i c Percent B a r l r ~ ~ n
Composition,
wt% Ba
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
(a) Exists below -201 "C
100
0
0
10
M
Li
33
40
50
60
70
80
90
Weight Percent B a r i u m
IW
Ba
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Ba-Mg
Atomic P e r c e n t Barium
0
10
20
30
10
50 60 70 80 I00
c
8004
Phw
Composition,
wt% Ba
Pearson
svmboi
We~ght P e r c e n t B a r ~ u m
Mg
Ba-Na
A.D. Pelton, 1985
Atomic Percent B a r ~ u m
10
0
20
30
40
50 60 7080 100
Phnse
Composition,
wt% Ba
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aNa)
(PNa)
NaBa
NaBa
(Ba)
0
0 to 6.8
60
69 to 86
99 to 100
hP2
,212
(a)
(b)
c12
P63lmmc
Im3m
(a) Teuagonal. (b) Orthorhornbic
0
Na
Space
zroun
10
20
30
40
50
80
Weight P e r c e n t Barium
70
80
90
100
Ba
...
...
ImJm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*91
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Ba-P
Atornlc P e r c e n t P h o s p h o r u s
0 10 20
,
30
,
, . !40 ,
,
,,
50
1 ,
80
. 60!, . . . , . . . 70
. . . . . . , . . . . . .'. . , . . . . . . . . .
Phw
Composition,
wt% P
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
-39 to 43.0
60
c12
of12
Im3m
Pnm
...
...
60
82
99.5 to 100
oC8
hR12
cF4
Cmcm
R@
Fm3m
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
From [Hansen]
Ba-Pb
Atomlc P e r c e n t Lead
1000
Ba-Se
Atornlc P e r c e n t S e l e n l u m
0
2000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
I
Space
group
2*92/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ba-Si
I. Obinata, Y. Takeuchi, K. Kurihara, and M. Watanabe, 1964
Atomlc Percent Sllicon
1500
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
(Ba)
Ba2Si(a)
Ba5Si3(a)
BaSi
Ba3Si4
Basil
-0
9.3
10.9
17
21.4
29.1
(SO
-100
cI2
of12
tP32
oC8
tP28
oP?4
hP3
CF8
Phase
1300-
I
_/'
L
Space
group
Im3m
Pnmn
P4Incc
Cmcm
P42/mnm
Pnmn
P6lmmm
Fd3m
(a) Found after the diagram was constructed
Weight Percent Silicon
Si
Ba-Te
H. Okamoto, unpublished
Atomic Percent Tellurium
Phase
1600
(Ba)
BaTe
Ba2Te3
BaTe2
(Te)
Composition,
wt% Te
Penrson
symbol
Space
0
48
58
65.1
100
cI2
cFX
Im3m
Fm3m
...
...
hP3
group
...
...
P3121
G. Bruzzone, 1966
Atornlc Percent T h a l l ~ u m
sm
Phme
(Ba)
Ba13TI
Ba2Tl
BaTl
Composition,
wt% T I
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.93
H. Okamoto, 1991
Ba-Zn
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Z l n c
0
10
20
30
40
50
70
60
80
80
100
Phase
1000
Composition,
wt% Zn
(Ba)
BaoZn
BaZn
BaZn2
BaZnS
BaZnl,
(Zn)
Ba
Weight P e r c e n t Zinc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
t16
cP2
0112
oC25
cF112
hP2
1m3m
I41mmm
PmSm
Imma
Cmcm
Fm3c
P6slmmc
Zn
H. Okamoto, L.E. Tanner, and T. Nishizawa, 1988
Be-Co
Atomlc P e r c e n t Cobalt
Phase
@Be)
@Be)
Be12Co
Composition,
wt% Co
Pearson
symbol
0 to 29
c12
hp2
t126
el5 2
cF416
hP19
hP48
cF24
c12
o to 15.61
Space
group
Im3m
~6~11nmc
I41mmm
1m3m
~m3m
P6m2
P631mcm
F43m
lm3m
Y
(a)
34.7 to ?
f
? to 62
E
-47
6
P'
(a)
(a)
5'
5
P
P1
66 to 70
70 to 88
94 to 97
(4
(b)
hP96
cP2
c12?
P63Imcm
~m3m
1m3m
98 to 100
99.9 to 100(a)
cF4
hP2
Fm3m
P631mmc
-86.7
91 to 97
(c)
?
?
(do)
(ECO)
?
Metastable phases
...
Be
Welght P e r c e n t Cobalt
Co
...
(4
(a) Nor shown in the assessed dlagram. (b) Orthorhombic. ( c ) bcl. (d) Telragonal
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1987
Be-Cr
Atornlc P e r c e n t B e r v l l ~ u r n
Phase
Cr
"---
-----
"
WelghL P e r c e n t Beryllium
- --
-
--
---
Be
Composition,
wt% Be
Pearson
svmbol
Space
erour,
2*94/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Be-Cu
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Beryllium
Phase
0)
P
Y
6
@Be)
(aW
Composition,
wt% Be
0 to 2.2
4.3 to 9.8
10.3 to 12.4
-20.4 to -38.5
40.4 to 100
57.5 to 100
Be-Fe
Pearson
symbol
Space
cF4
cI2
cP2
cF24
FmTm
Im3m
Pmh
Fd3m
ImTm
P63lmmc
CIZ
hP2
group
H. Okarnoto and L.E. Tanner, 1992
Atomlc Percent Iron
20
1600
30
10
50 80
80 100
Phase
@Be)
@Be)
E
S
<
We)
W e )
Metastable phases
...
P
BeF3
Be
Weight Percent Iron
Fe
Be-rich portion of the Be-Fe phase diagram
A t o m ~ cPercent Iron
0
1
. . , . . . , ..
2
3
?
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
6
, , . , , . I , . ,
7
. , , # _ , , ,
0
9
I
,
Composition,
wt% Fe
Pearson
symbol
oto 11
0 to 5.3
-35 to 41
~12
hp2
hP19
hP48
cF24
hP12
cF4
32 to 58
62 to 78
99.7 to 100
94 to 100
-86
?
-95
C I ~
cF16
cP2
cF16
Space
group
1m3m
P631mm~
P6m2
P63I~cm
Fd3m
P63lmmc
Fm3m
1m3m
~dTm
Pm3m
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.95
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1987
Be-Hf
0
Atomic Percent Hafnlurn
4
8
8
10
2
1
2400
15
20
30
40
80 100
Phase
Composition,
wt% HI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
95
99.7 to 100(c)
oC8
Cmcm
Metastable phases
BeHf
a'
...
...
(a) Be-voor side. (b) Be-rich side. (c) Acicular martensite
Be
Hf
Weight Percent Hafnium
Be-Nb
0
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1987
2
4
Atorn~c Percent N i o b ~ u m
8
8 1 0
20
30
40 50
70 LOO
Phase
Composition,
wt% Nb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2500
(a) Proposed as Be8Nb. (b) Reported as Be2Nb
Be
Welght Percent N ~ o b ~ u m
Nb
Be-Ni
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1991
A t o m ~ cPercent N~ckel
0
5
LO
20
30
40
50 60 70
I00
Phase
($Be)
(aBe)
Y
./
I3
(Ni)
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 23.5
CIZ
0 to 42
45.8 to >51
51 to 6 2
68 to 87.4
95.4 to loo
hP2
CIS2
cF416
cP2
cF4
1m3m
P63/mmc
Iz3m
F23
Pm3m
~~3~
92.2 to 93.4
3 7 to <95
95
o**
?
tl*
?
?
Metastable phases
?
P'
y'BeNi3
Be
Weight Percent Nickel
NI
?
2*96/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Be-Pd
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1987
Atomic Percent Palladium
1
2
3
4
5
10
d
20
30
40 50 70 100
,
~hp.le
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(We)
We)
Be12Pd
BeSPd
BePd
Be3Pd4
BezPd3
BePd2
BePd3
(Pd)
(a) Orthorhombic
-
0
10
20
30
Be
40
SO
80
70
80
90
We~ght Percent Palladium
-
-
I00
Pd
Be-Si
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1987
Atomic Percent Silicon
10
1500
20
T
30
40
50
80
70
80 90 100
Phase
I
@Be)
@Be)
(Si)
1400
Composition,
~ 1 %
si
Pearson
symbol
0
~12
o
hpz
100
cF8
Space
group
1m3m
P63Immc
Fd3m
1300
Y
1270?
ea
1200
4
m
w
a
:
1100
E-
1000
900
BOO
Be
Weight Percent Slllcon
Be-Th
H. Okamoto, L.E. Tanner, and D.E. Peterson, 1987
Atomic Percent Thorium
Phase
We)
@Be)
Be13Th
(PTh)
(aTh)
Be
Weight Percent Thorium
Th
Composition,
wt% Th
Pearson
symbol
o
~12
o
h ~ 2
Space
group
66.44
100
cFll2
c12
1mTm
P631mmc
Fm&
lm3m
100
cF4
Fmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.97
J.L. Murray, 1987
Be-Ti
4tomlc Percent B e r \ l l ~ u r n
20 30 40
0
50
60
'0
-J
-.- , 80,
,
,
:9
9,2
:9
, !36
Phnre
(aTi)
TiBe2
TiBe3
aTi2Be17
,
PTi2Be1-i
TiBe12
TiBe(a)
@Be)
(aBe)
Composition,
wt% Be
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -1.5
-0
27.4
36
61.6
c12
hP2
cF24
hR12
hR19
61.6
69.3
-16
-100
-100
hP38
r126
cP2
~12
hP2
Im?m
P6glmmc
FC3m
R3m
R3m
P63Immc
I4lmmm
Pm3m
~m?m
P63/~m~
(a) Metastable
7
0
10
TI
20
0
30
0
40
50
60
70
60
90
Welght P e r c e n t B e r y l l ~ u r n
0
100
Rr
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1987
Atomlc P e r c e n t Tungsten
0
5
10
20
30 40 60100
Phaw
3500
Composition,
wt% w
Penrson
svmbol
Space
wow
(a) Not accepted in the assessed phase diagram. (b) Tetragonal
Be
Welght P e r c e n t Tungsten
H. Okamoto, L.E. Tanner, and J.P. Abriata, 1987
Be-Zr
Atomic P e r c e n t Zirconium
Phaw
(aBe)
Be13Zr
Be12Zr(a)
Be17Zr2
BeSZr
Be2Zr
(PZr)
(azr)
Composition,
wt% Zr
Penrson
symbol
0
cI2
0
43.6
43.6
54.3
67.0
83.5
100
100
hP2
cF112
tI*
hR19
hP6
hP3
~12
hP2
91
99 to 100
oC8
Metastable phases
BeZr
a'
(b)
(a) Not accepted in the assessed diagram. (b) Acicular martensite
Be
Welght P e r c e n t Zirconium
Zr
Space
group
2*98/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Bi-Ca
H. Okamoto. 1991
--
A t o m ~ cPercent C a l c ~ u m
020
30 10
50
80
70
Phase
(Bi)
Bi3Ca
B~IOC~II
Bi3Ca5
BiCa2
(aca)
(PW
Bi
Composition,
wt% Ca
Pearson
symbol
group
0
6
17.4
24.2
27.8
100
100
hR2
R3m
...
t184
oP32
tI12
cF4
c12
Space
...
141mtm11
Pnrna
I4/m_mm
Fm3m
I ~ L
Weight Percent Calcium
Bi-Cd
Z. Moser, J.Dutkiewicz, 1. Zabdyr, and J.Salawa, 1988
A t o m ~ cPercent Cadmium
401
Phase
Composition,
wt% C d
Pearson
symbol
Space
grwp
351
(Bi)
(Cd)
0
100
hR2
hP2
~ y m
P6dmmc
301
271.44Ze
25i
a,
3
4
m
eot
w
2
W
15(
10C
5C
0
Weight Percent Cadmium
Cd
Bi-Cs
J.Sangster and A.D. Pelton, 1991
Atomic Percent Cesium
700
0
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
Phsse
1%
Bi
Weight Percent Cesium
[ 0 7 1 ' ~ B.P.
Cs
Composition,
wt% Cs
Penrson
symbol
Space
glrow
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams12099
D.J. Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1984
Bi-Cu
Phxe
(cu)
(Bi)
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
0 to 0.010
100
hR2
57
...
cF4
Space
group
F
~
?
~
R J ~
Metastable phase
CusBiz
.
2W
10
0
20
30
Cu
50
40
60
nl.rrzoc
-----
70
...
(Bly'
- .--
80
90
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t B l s m u t h
100
BI
H. Okamoto, 1990
Bi-Ca
Alomlc P e r d e n t G a l l i u m
10 20
30
40
50
'
,
60
70
80
90
100
A
+
t
t
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Bi)
-0
(Ga)
-100
hR2
oC8
R3m
Cmca
Phm
0
0
10
20
30
BI
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t G a l l ~ u r n
80
90
100
Ga
R.W. Olesinski and C.J. Abbaschian, 1986
Bi-Ce
Phase
1000
938.3.C
900
800
700
y
600
3
d
m
500
C
GI
5
400
C
300
ZOO
10C
C
W e ~ g h tPercent B ~ s r n u t h
Ge
----"-
"
---
--
-
--
- --
HI
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2.1 OO/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Bi-Hg
L. Zabdyr and C. Guminski, unpublished
Atornlc Percent Mercury
700
Phase
Composition,
wt% Hg
Pearson
symbol
(Bi)
(Hg)
0
100
hR2
hR1
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hR2
tP4
1132
hP6
t12
t12
R3m
P4Inmm
I4/mcm
P6glmmc
Space
group
~ 5 m
R3m
-100
BI
Weight Percent Mercury
Bi-In
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Indium
0
10
20
40
30
50
60
--
70
300
Phw
Stable phases
(aBi)
BiIn
Bi31n5
BiInz
Pressure, GPa
5a.m.c
0 to 0.005
35.4
47.5 to 47.97
52.5 to 53.5
E
80 to 86
(In)
-86 to 100
High-pressurelmetastablephases
...
I4lmmm
P2dm
C2lm
1411amd
Immb
P6lmmm
...
...
...
P4Inmm
Im3m
. . . . . . .
Bi
Weight Percent Indium
In
...
...
Mlmmm
(a) Thin film. Robablv Bidn.
A. Petric and A.D. Pelton, 1991
Atomic Percent Potasslum
800
01020 30 40 50
80
Composition,
70
phase
(80
Bi2K
BiK5(a)
Bi2K,
aBiK3(b)
PBiKdc)
(K)
(a)
Bi
Weight Percent P o t a s s ~ u m
K
w1%
K
0
8.5
19.0
22
36
36
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hR2
cF24
R3m
Fd3m
...
...
...
...
hP8
cF16
c12
P631mmc
Fm3m
Im3m
Might be Bi7K9. (b) Stable below 280 T. (c) Stable above 280 'C
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2=101
Bi-La
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1989
Atomic P e r c e n t B ~ s m u t h
1800
0
I0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(yLa)
@La)
@La)
La2Bi
La5Bi3
L*Bi
LaBi
LaBi,(a)
LaBi2(a)
(aBi)
(a) Conflicting reports regarding LaBi2 structure
La
Welght P e r c e n t B ~ s m u t h
81
J.Sangster and A.D.
phase
Composition,
wt% Li
Penrson
symbol
Pelton, 1991
Space
group
(a) Below 415 'C. (b) At 380 "C. (c) Below -201 'C
20
BI
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
90
Weight P e r c e n t L l t h l u m
LI
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Bi-Mg
Atonllc Percent B ~ s m u t h
10
20
30
10 50
70
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Bi
(a) The structure of the high-temperature Mg3Bi2 is unknown
0
Mg
Welght P e r c e n t B i s m u t h
BI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
201 02/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Bi-Mn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Manganese
10 20 30
40
50
60
70
Phase
(Bi)
PBiMn
aBiMn
(SMn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Weight Percent Manganese
Composition,
wt% M n
Pearson
symbol
0
22.1
20.8
loo
loo
100
100
hR2
0*32
hP4
~12
cF4
CP~O
cI58
Space
group
R3m
...
P63lmmc
Imb
F ~ T
P4,32
I43m
~
Mn
Bi-Na
J.Sangster and A.D. Pelton, 1991
Atomic Percent Sodlum
0 20 40 50 60
70
8
80
0
80
0
100
0
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aBi)
BiNa
BiNa3(a)
0
10.1
23.4 to 27.5(b)
(aNa)(c)
(PW
100
hR2
rP4
hP8
hP2
100
C I ~
R3m
P4lmmm
P6jlmmc
P63Immc
1m3m
Phase
(a)
Bi
Weight Percent Sodium
Might be hP24, Cu3As prototype. (b) At 800 "C. ( c ) Below -237 'C
Na
Bi-Nd
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1989
Atomic Percent Blsmuth
Phlse
(aNd)
NdzBi
Nd5Bi3
Nd4Bi3
NdBi
NdBiz
(aBi)
0
Nd
10
20
30
40
5C
Weight Perce
nuth
Composition,
wt% ~i
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
42.0
46.5
52.1
59.1
74.4
100
hP4
1112
hP16
cI28
cF8
aP27(?)
hR 2
P631mmc
Mlmmm
P6glmcm
I&?d
Fm3mP1 or P1
~?rn
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2a103
P. Nash, 1991
Bi-Ni
Atornlr P e r c e n t Blsrnuth
Phms
(Ni)
NiBi
NiBi3
(Ri)
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
o
cF4
hP4
7 4 to 77
91
100
...
hR2
Space
group
F ~ J
P63Immc
~
...
R3m
N.A. Cokcen, 1992
Bi-Pb
Atornlc P e r c e n t Lead
10
+-0
20
Composition,
Pearson
Space
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
--*+p*-\
Phare
wt% ~b
symbol
group
-.
-.'--.
(Bi)
E
(Ph)
o to 0.7
59.8 to 7 3
77.9 to 100
h ~ 2
W2
cF4
~ 3 m
P63Immc
~m?m
100
Bi
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Lead
Pb
H.Okamoto, unpublished
Bi-Pd
Atornlc P e r c e n t P a l l a d ~ u r r ~
i
10
-
20
-
30
-
10
r
-
50
-
60
-
-
70
-
-
.
80
90
-
1,
;
,.,._,.;
~hms
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
20.3
20.3
33.7
33.7
45.9
56.0
56.8
60
60
100
hR2
116
mC12
oC32
mP32
hP16
mC28
hR44
R%I
Mlmmm
C2/m
Cmc21
I-
,/
,/'
(aBi)
PBizPd
uBi,Pd
PBiPd
uBiPd
-/(a)
Bi2Pd5
Bi12Pd31
PBiPd3
aBiPd,
(Pd)
(a) Superlattice of NiAs type
id0
Bi
Weight P e r c e n t P a l l a d i u m
Pd
...
oPl6
cF4
p2 1
...
C2/m
R3
...
Pmma
~m3m
2.1 041Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Bi-Pt
H. Okamoto. 1991
Atomic Percent Platlnum
LBO0
Phme
(aBi)
6BizPt
yBi2Pt
$Bi2Pt
aBi2Pt
Bi3Ptz
BiPt
(pt)
Bi
Weight Percent Platinum
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pear son
symbol
0
31.8
31.8
31.8
31.8
38
hR2
of6
hP9
cP12
oP24
o**
hP4
hP4
cF4
48.2
100
Space
group
~ 7 m
Pnnm
P3
Pa3
Pbca
...
P631mmc
P63lmmc
Fm3m
Pt
Bi-Rb
A.D. Pelton and A. Petric, unpublished
Atomlc Percent Rubidlum
100
Phase
(Bi)
Bi2Rb
BiRb(?)
Bi4RbS
Bi2Rb3
aBiRb3(a)
PBiRb3(b)
(Rb)
Composition,
wt% Rb
Pearson
symbol
0
17.0
29.0
33.9
38
55
hR2
cF24
...
55
100
...
...
hP8
cF16
cI2
Space
group
Rjm
Fd3m
...
...
...
P631mmc
Fm3m
ImTm
(a) Stable below 230 OC. (b) Stable above 230 "C
Weight Percent Rubidlum
Rh
L C . Lin, R.C. Sharma, and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
Atomic Percent Sulfur
Phme
Composition,
wt% S
(aBi)
Biz&
(as)
(PS)
0
19
loo
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hR2
oP20
0~128
mP*
RFm
Pnma
~ddd
P2 11c
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.105
Bi-Sb
H. Okamoto, unpublished
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Antlrnony
phase
(Bi,Sb)
High-pressure phases
(BiII)
(Bi,SblII)
(BiIII')
(BiIV)
(BiV)
(SbII)
(SbIII)
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
hR2
R3m
0 to 2.1
0 to 100
0 to ?
mC4
mP4
C2/m
P21/m
0 to ?
0 to ?
7 0 to 100
? t o 100
m'8
c12
cP 1
hP2
...
Im3m
~m3m
P631mmc
...
...
(a) At room temperature. (b) High-temperature, high-pressure phase
- 7 -
-
,
0
4
,
100
Bi
Sb
Welght P e r c e n t A n t l m o n y
Bi-Se
H. Okamoto, unpublished
Atomlc P r r c e n l Selenlurn
0
10
o
BI
20
10
30
40
20
50
60
30
40
90
80
'70
50
80
Welght P e r c e n t S e l e n l u m
70
100
80
no
100
Se
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
(aBi)
BilSe3
Bi2Se
Bi5Se3(a)
Bi3Se2
Bi4Se3
Bi6Se5
Bi8Se7
BiSe
Bi8Se9
Bi6Sel
Bi4Se5
BisSe4
Bi2Se3
(Se)
Metastable phases
BiSe(b)
Bi2Se3111a
High-pressure phases
0
14
15.9
18.5
20
22.1
24.0
24.8
27.4
29.8
30.6
32.1
33.5
36
100
hR2
hR20
hP9
hP48
hP30
hR7
hP33
hP45
hP12
hP17
hP39
hP27
hP42
hR5
hP3
~ ? m
R-?m
P2m 1
P3ml
PKm 1
R2m
~3ml
P2ml
PLm 1
RJm
P3ml
P3ml
P3ml
R3m
P3121
27.4
36
cF8
c**
Fm3m
Bi2Se311(c)
Bi2SesIII
BiSe2
36
36
43.1
oP20
tP40
Pnma
P42lnmc
...
Phase
(a) Laitakarite. (b) Thin film. (c) Bismuthite
...
Space
group
...
2.1 OC/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Bi-Sm
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc Percent S a m a r l u m
0
20
10
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Composition,
wt 5% s m
100
Phase
2000
0
26.5
42.8
48.9
54.5
59.0
100
100
loo
(aBi)
Bi2Sm
BiSm
Bi3Sm4
Bi3Sms
BiSm2
(lySm)
(Wm)
30
40
Pearson
symbol
hR2
oP12
cF8
cI28
hP16
t16
cI2
hP2
h ~ 3
Space
group
~ 3 m
Pm?
Fm3m
1z3d
P63/mcm
14/mynm
Im3m
P63/mmc
~mTm
5C
Weight Percent S a m a r i u m
H. Okamoto, 1990
Bi-Sn
Atomic Percent Bismuth
o
20
10
0
10
20
30
Sn
30
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
Weight Percent Bismuth
70
80
80
90
so
loo
Composition,
wt% Bi
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 21
0 to ?
99.9 to 100
t14
cF8
hR2
1411amd
F<Tm
R3m
Composition,
wt% Sr
Penrson
svmbol
100
Bi
Bi-Sr
From [Elliott]
A t o m ~ cPercent S t r o n t i u m
Phase
B1
-
Welght Percent S t r o n t ~ u r n
-
Sr
i
t
.
*
.- - -
,..
Space
erou~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.107
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, unpublished
Phase
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aBi)
Bi2Te3
(aTe)
Stacking variants
Bi7Te,
Bi2Te
Bi4Te3
BiTe
Bi6Te7
Bi4Te5
Metastable phases
BiTe(a)
Bi2Te5
High-pressure phase
Bi2Te311
(a) Thin film
HI
Tr
W r ~ g h t Prrcriit l'ellur~nrn
H. Okamoto, unpublished
Bi-TI
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t
rhallium
Phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Note: Not all high-pressure phases of Bi are listed. (a) Hlgh-pressure phase. (b) Not accepted in the
assessed diagram. ( c ) Metastable?
From [Chiottil
Bi-U
A t o m i c P e r c e n t Lhsmuth
0
10
20
30
Ll
U
+
40
50
60
70
LZ
Weight P e r c e n t Blsrnuth
80
Phase
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(YU)
($u)
(aU)
UBi
U3Bi4
UBi2
(Bi)
0
0
0
46.7
53.9
63.8
loo
c12
tP30
oC4
cF8
c12 8
rP6
1m3m
P4dmnm
cm~m
Fm3m
143d
P4/_nmm
R3m
h ~ 2
20108/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1989
Atomic Percent Blsmuth
2400
Phase
2200
Composition,
wt% Bi
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aY)
Y5Bi3
YBi
(aBi)
-
Bi-Yb
-
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Y t t e r b ~ u m
phase
(aBi)
Bi,Yb
PB~IoY~II
aBiloYbll
Bi3Yb4
Bi3Yb5
BilYb5
(yYb)
(Wb)
(aYb)
BI
Weight Percent Y t t e r b ~ u m
Composition,
wt% ~b
0
29.3
47.7
47.7
52.4
58
67.4
100
100
100
Pearson
symbol
hR2
oC12
tI84
Space
group
R3m
Cmcm
I~I~IIU~
...
...
c128
of32
of*
~12
cF4
hP2
Iz3d
Pnma
Pn2 a
1m3m
Fm3m
P6slmmc
Yb
Bi-Zn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc Percent Z ~ n c
0 10 20
30
phase
(Bi)
(Zn)
Composition,
wt% Z n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to ?
-100
hR2
hP2
R3m
P63lmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*109
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Bi-Zr
Atornlc Pcrc t.nt Z l r c o n ~ u r n
-.-,-
10
2000
30
20
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
-d
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
---
1500
U
a
3
+
m
R3m
Pnnm
...
(aBi)
Bi2Zr
BiZr
Bi2Zr3
BiZr2
BiZr3
(BZr)
(azr)
1000
...
...
I3
Im3m
P63lmmc
a
E
b
50C
271.44T
c
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Z ~ r c o n i u m
Zr
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1991
Atomlc P e r c e n t Carbon
Phase
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0.3 to -0.4
6
9
(a)
oP6
oP6
...
Pnma
Pnnm
Metastable phases
(&TO)
Co3C
Co2C
(a) Hexagonal
200
0
05
Co
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
M. Venkatrarnan and J.P. Neurnann, 1990
phase
(a) Metastable
Cr
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Carbon
Composition,
wt% c
Pearson
symbol
0 t o -0.07
5.5 to 5.8
-7
-9
-13
-19
-100
d2
cF116
oPl6
oP40
oP20
...
hP4
Space
group
Im3m
~~3~
Pnma
Pnma
Pnma
...
P63lmmc
2e11 O/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, unpublished
ALorn~c P e r c e n t Carbon
2400
Phase
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to 0.01
100
cF4
hP4
FmTm
P6slmmc
0)
(c)
group
H. Okamoto, 1992
Composition,
wt% C
Phrrpe
Pearson
symbol
(@el
We)
W e )
0 to 0.09
o to 2.1
0 to 0.021
(c)
100
Metastable/high-pressure phases
We)
Martensite
Fe4C
Fe3C (9)
F e G (x)
Fe7C3
Fe7C3
FezC (11)
F ~ z C(E)
FeZC
7.r.-
600&-*y-..-v--0
0005
001
0015
Cu
002
0025
003
0035
004
0045
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Carbon
~12
cF4
~12
hP4
0
<2.1
5.1
6.7
7.9
8.4
8.4
9.7
9.7
9.7
100
(c)
Space
KroUP
ImTm
~mTm
Im3m
P6jlmmc
hP2
114
cP5
of16
mc28
hP20
of40
oP 6
hp*
hP*
cFX
P6jImmc
I4/pm
P43m
Pnma
C~IC
P6pc
Pnma
Pnnm
P6322
P+l
Fd3m
C-Fe
Atomrc P e r c e n t Carbon
. . ~ ~ . . . . ~ , ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ . . . , ~ . ~ , , , . . . , ~ , , . ~ , ~ ~ . , . . . . . . . . , , , . , . . , . . .
0
Fe
2
4
6
8
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
Atomrc P e r c e n t Carbon
Fe
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Carbon
.
10
12
0
Fe
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.6
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
Atomic P e r c e n t Carbon
.
.
, . , , , , . . .
.
0.8
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2alll
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t H a f n ~ u r n
.....................
395Ot40T
el*.I
L
--__---__---.
---._.
-.
Pearson
symbol
Space
Phme
Composition,
wl% HI
(c)
CHI
(PHO
(aHO
0
-93.8 to 96.6
99.9 to 100
98.9 to 100
hP4
cF8
c12
hP 2
P63lmmc
group
~~3~
Im3m
P63lmmc
3180t30.C
87.5
\
-93.8
\
CHf
I>
(a~f>:
:
II
!
I
,
4
I
8
,
I
4
'
?
I
I
!
Weight P e r c e n t Hafnium
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1986
Atornlc P e r c e n t Carbon
I0 20
30
40
50
80
70
Phme
J
, , . .
, . , , .
I5
a
,
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
erouD
,
,
20
25
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Carbon
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o r n ~ c P r r c e n t Carbon
Phase
@Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
E
Mn23C6
Mn3C
Mn~C2
Mn7C3
(c)
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to 0.02
0 to 3
0 t00.1
0 to 1.5
3.3 to 6.6
5.4
6.8
8.1
8.6
100
c12
cF4
cP20
c15 8
...
cF116
oPl6
mC28
of40
hP4
Im3m
Fmsm
P4,32
143m
...
Fm3m
Pnma
C2/c
Pnma
P63lmmc
group
20112/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
C-Mo
Atomic Percent Carbon
o 20
40 50
80
70
no
90
100
phase
(Mo)
P
P'
P"
'l
6
MoC
( 0
0
10
Mo
20
30
40
50
BO
Welght P e r c e n t Carbon
70
80
80
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.14
4.4 to 6.6
-5.7
c12
hP3
oP12
lm3m
P63lmmc
Pbcn
-5.9
...
...
6.8 t o 7.7
6.8 t o 8.6
11
100
hP8
oFR
hP2
hP4
P6glmmc
Fm3m
~6m2
P63lmmc
100
C
M.F. Singleton and P. Nash, 1991
C-Ni
Atomic Percent Carbon
Composition,
~ 1 c
%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.6(a)
-100
cF4
hP4
Fm3m
P63lmmc
...
oPl6
Pnma
phase
(Ni)
(C, graphite)
Metastable phase
Ni3C
(a) Can be extended to
NI
Welght P e r c e n t Carbon
1.6 wt%
C at
1314 T
C
H. Okamoto, 1990
C-Pr
Atomlc Percent Carbon
Phase
Pr
Welght P e r c e n t Carbon
C
Composition,
wt% C
Pearqon
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.113
O.V. Gordiichuk, 1987
Atomic P e r c e n t Carbon
0
20
10
30
40
~ . . . / 1 .!
,
50
! .
.
Composition,
70
60
.
. I,
,
,
,
,
.
1 .
~
h
m
(aSc)
(PSc)
Sc2C
sc4c3
Sc13C10
SCIS~IP
(c)
Sc
~ 1 %
c
Pearson
symbol
0
0
-12
16.7
17.1
25.3
100
hP2
c12
hR3
c128
c**
tP68
hP4
Space
group
P ~ ~ I ~ U ~ C
Im3m
R3m
143d
...
pa2 c
P6slmmc
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
C-Si
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1984
A t o m l c Percent Carbon
Composition,
wt% c
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
30
100
cF8
cF8
hP4
30
22 to 40
(b)
...
...
...
...
r14
1411amd
F ~ S
Fa3m
P6jlmmc
~
Metastable
High pressure
(a) Other SIC polylypes have been reported.
0
20
10
30
Si
40
50
El
Welght P e r c e n t Carbon
70
80
(b) Hexagonal
1~
90
C
O.M. Barabash and Yu. N. Koval, 1986
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Carbon
0
45001
. 20'
,
30
,
10
50
55
' . . .'. , . .'. . ! . .
80
!.
,... .
,
70
, I, ,
,
, . 75: . . . . . . , .80! ,
Composition,
,
,
,
, ,
Phase
(Ta)
aTazC
PTa2c
<
TaC
(C)
,
10
15
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
20
,
,
.--
Pearson
symbol
Space
wt% C
0 to 0.5
2.6 to 3.2
2.3 to 3.2
-4.2
3.7 to 6.1
100
c12
hP3
hP3
hR20
cF8
hP4
Im?m
~Tml
P631mmc
RTm
Fmxm
Pfdmmr
group
2.1 141Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
R. Benz and P.L. Stone, 1969
Atomtc Percent Carbon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
P~R%
3000
Composition,
wt96 c
Pearson
symbol
0 to 0.3
0 to ?
c12
cF4
cF 8
cP12
tP6
mC12
?
? to 9.2
-8.1 to 9.1
-9.1
0
1
2
3
4
5
8
Th
7
B
B
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
Space
grow
lm3m
Fmm
~ m h
Pa3
P42Immc
C2lc
3
Weight Percent Carbon
J.L. Murray, 1987
C-Ti
Atorn~c Percent Carbon
o
20
10
30
40
50
60
~hnw
(PTi)
(aTi)
Tic
Ti2C
(c)
Composition,
wt% c
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 0.2
~12
hP2
cF 8
cF48
hP4
1m3m
P6glmmc
Fmh
~dTm
P6slmmc
0 to 0.4
-10 to 19.3
-10 to 12.4
100
moc
-I&,
I.--(aTi)
. .... ,....... . ., .
5007
0
5
. . , ,'. . . . . . ' . , . . . . . . . . . ,
LO
TI
15
20
25
k. .-. 30
35
We~ght Percent Carbon
E.K. Storms, 1967; and R. Benz, 1969
C-U
Atomlc Percent Carbon
n
0
10
20
30
10
w
JO
80
m
Phnw
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(YU)
(!m
0
0
c12
tP30
cF 8
t16
c140
1mTm
P4dmnm
Fmm
I4Immm
1z3d
6
E
6
U
Weight Percent Carbon
-4.3 to 8.9
-7.6 to 8.7
7.0
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*115
C-v
H. Okamoto, 1991
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t C a r b o n
o 3 0 20 30
40
50
60
70
Phase
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(V)
aV,C
PV~C
P'v~c(a)
V4C3 - r
VC(b)
v6cdc)
vsc7
0 t o 1.0
9.6 t o 10.4
8.5 t o 10.8
-8.6 t o 9.9
-13.6
12.3 t o 17.9
15.1 t o 16.7
16.7 t o 17.9
el2
oP12
hP3
hP9
hR20
cF8
C44
cP60
100
hP4
Im5m
Pbcn
P6gmmc(b)
P3 l m ( b )
R3m
Fm?m
82
P4132
P4332
P631mmc
80
5000
('2)
(a) High-temperature form. (b) Either one or the other of these two space groups is in error, o r the
postulated h-ansition in the diagram is in error, with the transition being first order, requiring a two-phase
region between the ordered and disordered structures. (c) Enantiomorphic and twinned forms have been
described with other lattice parameters andlor space groups.
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C a r b o n
V
C
C-W
R.V. Sara, 1965; and E. Rudy and J.R. Hoffman, 1967
Atomrc P e r c e n t Carbon
Phase
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Space
erous
0
el2
1mTm
-2.2
-2.7
-2.7
-3.7
t o 3.3
t o 3.1
t o 3.05
t o 4.1
6.1
...
...
hP3
hP3
cF8
hP 2
P631mmc
P5rn l
Fmm
~6m2
1000
W
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C a r b o n
C-Y
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1986
Atomlc Percent Carbon
10
20
30
40
50
2500
Phase
2300
L
2100
80
(aY)
(by)
y 2c
Y
U
1900
aY~5C~9
1700
Y z W ~ )
aYC2
"PYC2"
u
2
d
Q
1622'1
g ,2?2
F
t.
1300
1100
900
700
(c)
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
0 t o 1.3
0 t o 1.0
-6.2
-3.7 t o 25.8
14.6
-17
-21.3
-21.3
100
hP2
c12
hR3
cF5
tP68
cI40
I16
cF12
hP4
(a) Metastable form produced under pressure at hlgh temperature
Space
group
P63Imrnc
Im5m
R5"
Fm3m
~ 4 2 , ~
143d
I4/mmm
Fm3m
P6jlmmc
201 161Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
C-Zr
Atomic P e r c e n t Carbon
0 20
40 50
60
70
80
90
4000
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
Zr
Composition,
wt% C
Pearson
symbol
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
C
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Ca-Cd
Atomlc P e r c e n t C a d m i u m
Phase
Space
group
FmJm
Im3m
P42_nrn
Pm3m
P63/mmc
lmma
P6/m
...
Im3
P63/mmc
(a) Below 443 ' C . (b) From 443 to 842 OC. (c) From 0 to 650 "C. (d) From 650 to 701 "C
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1984
Ca-Cu
Atomic Percent Calcium
0 )
Cu5Ca
aCuCa(b)
pCuCa(c)
CuCa2
(aCa)
( P W
Composition,
wt% Ca
Pearson
svmbol
Space
0
10.7 t o 11.4
38.7
38.7
55.8
loo
loo
cF4
hP6
mP20
of40
of12
cF4
d2
Fmm
P6/mmm
p21/c
Pnma
P n y
Fm3m
Im3m
P~OUD
(a) A much wider homogeneity range (approximately 14.1 to 20 at W Ca) indicated. (b) High temperature;
94.3' interaxial angle. (c) Low temperamre
0 1
Cu
0
2
0
3
0 4 0 ~ 6 0 7
Weight P e r c e n t C a l c l u m
0
6
0
W
1
W
Ca
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*117
V.P. ltkin and C.B. Alcock, 1992
Ca-Ga
Atomlc P e r c e n t G a l l l u r n
Phase
(PCa)(b)
Ca2sca11
CaSGa3
C a d h
CaGa
Ca3Ga,
CaCaz
C ~ G ~ Z + ~
Ca3Gas
CaGa,
(Ga)
(a)
Weight P e r c e n t Gallium
Ca
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
PUP
0
cF4
Fm3m
0
40.6
51.1
52.6
63.5
72.4
77.7
78.5 to 80.7
82.2
87
100
cI2
0178
tZ32
cF144
oC8
oC32
hP6
hP3
0122
mClO
oC8
1m3m
Imm2
14lmcm
Fm?m
Cmcm
Cmcm
P6glmmc
P6lmmc
Immm
C2/m
Cmca
4 4 3 ' C . (b) From 443 to 842 OC
Ga
Ca-Ge
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc P e r c e n t G e r r n a n ~ u m
Phnse
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
Fm3m
FdZm
Fm3m
Pnma
14/mcm
Cmcm
RTm
Fm3m
(PW
Ca3,Ge
Ca7Ge
CazGe
Ca5Ge3
CaCe
CaGe2
(Ge)
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Ca-Hg
Atomlc P e r c e n t Mercury
10
20
30
0
1100
50
40
60 70 80
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Hg
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fm?m
ImTm
P y a
143m
Pnma
I4lmcm
P4lmbm
Pm3m
P?m I
Pblmmm
P631mmc
P6lm
...
R?m
(a) Below 443 T . (b) From 443 to
0
10
Ca
----
-.
- - .- -
20
30
40
50
80
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Mercury
--
- - ---
-
70
80
90
100
Hg
842 OC
201 18/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ca-In
H. Okamoto, V.P. Itkin, and C.B. Alcock, 1992
Atomic Percent lndium
0
10
1
20
30
40
0
50
60
0
70
Composition,
80 90 1
0
Phnse
(PW
(aW
Ca,In
CaIn
CaInz
(In)
Ca
~
w1%
In
0
o
49
74.1
85.2
100
Space
group
c12
cF4
cF16
cP2
hP6
r12
~m3m
Fmzm
Pm3m
P6glmmc
I4/mmm
I ~ L
Weight Percent Indium
Ca-Li
C.W. Bale and A.D. Pelton, 1987
A t o m ~ cPercent Lithlum
Phnse
(aW
(PCa)
CaLi2
(aLi)
(PLi)
Ca
Weight Percent L ~ t h i u m
Atomic Percent Calcium
,
1
,
2
,
,3?
, 4?
, 5:
,ep
7t
1
e4Pc
800
Weight Percent Calcium
Compwition,
wt% Li
o
o
87.4
100
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
~12
hP12
hP2
cI2
~m?m
1m3m
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
~m?m
Li
Ca-Mg
1000
Pearson
symbol
Ca
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemiand J.B. Clark, 1988
Phnse
(Mg)
MgnCa
(PW
(aW
Composition,
wt% Ca
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
45.2
100
100
hP2
hP12
d2
P6=&nc
P63/-mmc
Im3m
Fmm
C F ~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.119
Ca-Na
A.D. Pelton, 1985
Atomlr
Percent
Sodlurn
70
80
90
Composition,
wt% Na
I00
----T_rC__b
Phme
o
(aW
(PC4
(PNa)
(aNa)
0 to -4.4
100
100
Pearson
symbol
cF4
c12
~12
hP2
Space
group
~mSm
lm3m
Im3m
P6dmmc
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
00
100
W e ~ g h tPercent S o d i u m
Ca
Na
Ca-Nd
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1987
Atornlc
Percent
Calclurn
00
100
Phaw
(aNd)
(PNd)
(aCa)
(PW
Composition,
wt% Ca
Pearson
symbol
Space
0
0
hP4
cf2
99.5 to 100
cF4
P631mmc
1m3m
Fmm
99.6 to 100
c12
1m5m
fFwP
300
0
10
20
30
40
50
W e l g h t Percent
Nd
60
Calcium
Ca
Ca-Ni
H. Okamoto, 1991
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
0
O
O
&
iofl
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
00
100
Phase
(PW
(aW
CaNiz
Ca2Nis(a)
CaNi,
Ca2Ni7
CaNiS
(Ni)
(a) Not shown o n diagram
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
zrow
2.1 20/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H.A. Wriedt, 1985
Ca-0 (condensed system)
Atomic P e r c e n t Oxygen
o
10
20
30
40
50
Phase
Composition,
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
V.P. ltkin and C.B. Alcock, 1992
Ca-Pb
Atormr I'rrcent
u
10
Lead
20
30
40
50
60 70 80 100
phase
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
Fm3m
Im3m
Pnma
P63Im~
P4Im-mm
Pm2m
Fm3m
(aCa)
(Wa)
Ca2Pb
Ca5Pb3
CaPb
CaPb3
(Pb)
72.1
75.6
83 8
94
99.9 to 100
cF4
cIZ
oP 12
hP48
tP4
cP4
cF4
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
0
27 502.C
Ca
Pb
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Lead
Ca-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic P e r c z n t P a l l a d i u m
I600
(Wa)
Ca9Pd
Ca3Pd
CaSPdz
Ca3Pd2
CaPd
CaPd2
CaPd5
(Pd)
0
Ca
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Palladium
80
80
100
Pd
Space
group
Im3m
Fm3m
...
Pnma
C2/c
R3
Pm3m
FdTm
P61mmm
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.121
Ca-Pt
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Atarnlc P e r c e n t P l a t l n u n l
20
30
40
50
60 70 80
100
Phaw
(aCa)
(PW
Cash2
Cash
Ca3Rz
CaR2
Ca2Pt1
CaF't,
(Pt)
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
66.1
74.5
76
-90.7
-94.5
96.0
100
cF4
~ 1 2
mC28
1132
hR45
cF24
hP36
hP6
cF4
Fm3m
1m7m
C2/c
14/mcm
R!
Fd3m
P631mmc
P6/m-m
Fm3m
200
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t P l a t ~ n u m
Ca
Ca-Sb
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Alornlc P e r c e n t Antlmonv
Phise
(aCa)
( P W
Ca2Sb
aCa5Sb3(a)
PCasSbdb)
CallSb~o
CaSb(c)
CaSb2
(Sb)
Composition,
wt% S b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
cF4
~ 1 2
1/12
1114(b)
oP32
hP16
tI84
cF 8
mP6
hR 2
Fmm
1m3m
I4lmmm
I4lmmm
0 to 10.7
-60.3
-64.6
-64.6
-73.4
75
-85.9
98.0 to 100
Pnm
P63lmcm
14Immm
F43m
P2~lm
R3m
(a) Room temperature modification. (b) Hlgh-temperature modification; allotropic transformation
temoerature unknown. (cl Not shown on diagram
Welght P e r c e n l A n t ~ r n o n y
Ca
Ca-Si
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Atornlc P e r c e n t S111con
Phase
( a W
(PW
Ca2Si
Ca5Si3
CaSi
Ca3Si4
CaSi2
(si)
Composition,
w i % Si
o
o
25.9
29.6
41.2
-48.3
58.4
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-
- -
cF4
~ 1 2
oP12
t132
oC8
F
~
Pnm
hR6
cF8
I4lmcm
Cmcm
...
R5m
Fd3m
1112
I4llamd
...
J
1m3m
High-pressure phase
CaSi2(a)
58.4
(a) Prepared by high-(emperaturelhlgh-pressure treatment of rhombohedra1 CaSi2 at 1000 to IS00 "C and
40 kbar, followed by quenching to ambient conditions
Ca
- -- --
-
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S ~ l l c o n
--
--
-- -
S1
~
2.1 221Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C.B. Alcock and V.P. Itkin, 1986
Ca-Sr
Atomic P e r c e n t S t r o n t i u m
Phase
(aCa, aSr)
(PCa, PSr)
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
cF4
CI 2
Fm3m
1m3m
o to 100
(BCa.BSd
200
Weight P e r c e n t S t r o n t ~ u r n
Ca
Sr
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Thallium
30
50
40
60 70 80
100
phase
Wa)
(PW
Ca3T1
CaSTlz
CaTI
Ca3T14
CaT13
(PTU
Welght P e r c e n t T h a l h u m
Ca
0
cF4
c12
cF16
~msm
Im3m
F~%I
cP2
pm?m
cP4
hP2
pm?m
P631mmc
1m3m
o
63
-67.1
83.6
-87.2
94
-99.6
-99.5
...
...
c12
Space
group
...
...
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1987
Alornlc P e r c e n t Calclurn
p - 3 ~ & - 7 p. . P
. . . .,..- P
-..
PPhase
90
80
(aYb)
(PYb)
Wb)
(aC4
(PW
-____
400
Yb
Pearson
symbol
T1
Ca-Yb
0
Composition,
wt% TI
10
20
30
40
50
80
Welght Percent Calclurn
70
_..
7.'
80
00
t
100
Ca
Composition,
wt% Ca
o
0
0
loo
loo
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
rF4
1.12
cF4
P63lmmc
~m3m
1m3m
Fm?m
1m3m
~12
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.123
V.P. ltkin and C.B. Alcock, 1990
Ca-Zn
A t o m l r P e r c e n t Zlnc
20
Composition,
wt% Zn
phase
Pearson
symbol
1m5m
~m7m
Cmcm
I4/mcm
Cmcm
Imma
P63Immc
P6/mmm
1411amd
Fm3c
P63lmmc
(PW
(aC4
Ca3Zn
CasZn3
CaZn
CaZn2
CaZnz
CaZnS
CaZn,
CaZn,,
(Zn)
,
0
10
20
30
Zn
Welght P e r c e n t Zlnc
Ca
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1990
Cd-Cu
Atomlc P e r c e n t C a d r n ~ u m
20
1200+&-'1~.lr~--r--t--T--1
Space
group
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
loto
Composition,
wt% c d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 3.6
46.9
56.0 to 58.3(a)
65.9 to 77
84.6 to 85.9
-99.9 to 100
cF4
hP24
cF1124
el52
hP28
hP2
~m3m
P631mmc
F43m
...
P631mmc
P631mmc
phase
0
)
P
Y
6
E
(Cd)
(a) At
300 "C
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
phase
Composition,
wt% c d
Pearson
symbol
(Eu)
EuCd(a)
EuCd2
Eu,Cd,
EUI~C~SI
EUI~C~SS
EuCd6
EuCd,,
(Cd)
0
38.2
59.7
66.3
73.0
76.8
81.6
88.8 to 89.1
100
c12
cP2
0112
(a) Defect structure reported as
('d
Eu6Cd5. (b)
(b)
hP65
hP142
~1168
1148
hP2
Structure not known
Space
group
1m5m
~ m j m
Imma
...
P6Im
P63l~mc
Im3
I4lamd
P631mmc
2.1 24/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Z. Moser, J.Dutkiewicz, W. Gasior, and J. Salawa, unpublished
Atomlc Percent Gallium
350
Cd
Weight Percent Gallium
Phme
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
group
(Cd)
(Ga)
0
100
hP2
oC8
P631mmc
Cmca
Ga
Cd-Gd
M
0
Space
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
0
p
2
8
0
Atornlc Percent C a d r n ~ u m
30
p
40
50
-
A
-
Phw
1313.C
(aGd)
(PGd)
GdCd
GdCd,
GdCd3
Gd11Cd45
Gd13Cd58
GdCd6
(Cd)
Gd
We~ght Percent Cadmium
0 to -3.6
0 to -17
41.7
58.9
68
74.6
76.1
81.1
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
hP2
cI2
cP?
hP3
hPX
cF448
hP142
dl68
hP2
P63/mmc
1m5m
Pmm
P3ml
Pbdrnmc
F43m
P631cmc
Im3
P63lmmc
group
Cd
Cd-Ge
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1986
Atorn~c Percent C a d m ~ u r n
Phme
(Ge)
GeII(HP)
(Cd)
Ge
Composition,
wt% Cd
Weight Percent Cadmium
Cd
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
group
Space
0.0
0.0
100
cF8
t14
hP2
FdTm
I 4 lamd
P63Jmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*125
C. Guminski and L.A. Zabdyr, 1992
Cd-Hg
A t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Mercury
0
20
10
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
100
haw
(Cd)
0
0'
0
'
'
(aHg)(a)
(PHg)(b)
35m;3~
0
10
20
30
40
Cd
50
60
70
80
90
Weight P e r c e n t Mercury
Composition,
wt% tig
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 37
42 to 94
47 to 56
71 to 81
98 t o 100
-100
hP2
t12
116
t16
h~ 1
t12
P63lmmc
I4/mmm
I4lmmm
I4/mmm
R3m
I41mmm
(a) From -38.8290 to -193 OC at 100 wl% Hg. (b) Below -193 "C
100
Hg
J. Dutkiewicz, L.A. Zabdyr, W. Zakulski, Z. Moser, J.Salawa,
P.J. Horrocks, F.H. Hayes, and M.H. Rand, 1992
Phase
0
10
20
30
Cd
40
50
60
70
80
90
Welght P e r c e n t l n d ~ u r n
Space
group
0 t o 1.4
22.2 to 26.2
81.1 t o 9 4
94 t o 100
hP2
cP4
cF4
r12
P631mmc
Pmf m
Fm3m
I4/mmm
In
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
Atomlc P e r c e n t C a d m l u m
haw
(aLa)
(@-a)
(?'La)
LaCd
LaCdz
La~3Cd58
LazCd17
LaCd,
(Cd)
La
Pearson
symbol
100
Cd-La
0
Composition,
wt% In
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C a d m ~ u m
80
90
100
Cd
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
hP4
cF4
P631mmc
C I ~
1m7m
PmSm
P3ml
P631mmc
P63/yc
Pm3m
P6dmmc
o to -2.0
o to -18
44.7
61.8
78.3
85.8
89 .9
100
cP2
hP 3
hP142
hP38
cP36
hP2
F
~
S
~
2.1 26/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cd-Li
A.D. Pelton, 1988
Phase
(Cd)
Cd3Li
CdLi
CdLi3
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
Composition,
wt% Li
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 2.6
2? to 2.5
3.6 to 18
lo? to 18
22 to 100
100
hP2
hP2
cF16
cF4
c12
hP2
P63/mmc
P63lmmc
Fdzm
Fm3m
ImTm
P63lmmc
(a) Below -193 -C
50
Cd
Weight P e r c e n t L i t h ~ u r n
Li
Cd-Mg
Z. Moser, W. Gasior, J. Wypartowicz, and 1. Zabdyr, 1984
Atomic Percent Magnesium
7M
Phme
Composition,
wt% Mg
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
7 to 9
12 to 25
29 to 50
hP 2
hP8
oP4
hP8
P631mmc
P63lmmc
Pmma
P63lmmc
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
3.9
9.3
100
100
hP2
cP39
cF1192
~12
hP2
P63lmmc
Pm5
-
(Cd, Mg)
a' or Cd,Mg
a" or CdMg
a"' or CdMg3
0
Cd
Weight Percent Magnesium
Mg
Cd-Na
A.D. Pelton, 1988
A t o r n ~ c Percent Sodlurn
90
(Cd)
C ~1Na2
I
Cd2Na(a)
(PW
(aNa)(b)
...
Im3m
P63lmmc
(a) Complex cubic structure that corresponds to the formula c d ~ . ~ at
~N
0.070
a wt% Na. (b) Below -237
"C
Cd
Welght P e r c e n i S o d ~ u m
Na
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.127
Cd-Ni
F.A. Shunk and P. Nash, 1991
Atornlc P e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
10
20
30
40
60
SO
80
70
Composition,
90
Phw
Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
NI
W e l ~ h tP e r c e n t Nickel
Cd
wi%
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc Percent Phosphorus
0
10
20
30
40
50
GO
80
70
Phape
(Cd)
Cd3P2
Cd6P7
Cd7P~o
PCdPz
aCdP,
CdP4
Composition,
wt% P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
16
24.3
24.3
55.6
35.6
52.4
hP2
r140
c*52
oF136
tP24
oP12
mPlO
P63/mmc
P42/nmc
...
Fdd2
P43212
Pna2 1
P2 I/C
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t P h o s p h o r u s
Cd
Cd-Pb
J. Dutkiewicz, Z. Moser, and W. Zakulski, 1988
A t o m i c P e r c e n t Lead
30
GO
50
10
70
80
90
:3 2 1 . 5 0 ~ ~
0
Cd
10
20
30
40
SO
60
Welght P e r c e n t Lead
70
Phape
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Cd)
(Pb)
0
96.7
hP2
cF4
P631pmc
Fm3m
100
to
100
201 28/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cd-Sb
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc Percent Antlmony
)
630.766C
Phase
(Cd)
CdSb
(Sb)
Composition,
wt% s b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
52.0 to 53
100
hP2
of16
hR2
P63lmmc
Pbca
R3m
42
44.9
m820
hR*
...
...
Metastable phases
Cd3Sb2
Cd4Sbs
200
Weight Percent Antimony
Cd
Sb
Cd-Se
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
Atomlc Percent Selenlum
Pha
(Cd)
aCdSe
PCdSe(a)
(Se)
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
41.3
41.3
100
hP2
hP4
CF8
hP3
P6glmmc
P63mc
Fmm
P3121
(a) High-pressure phase
Weight Percent Selenium
Cd
Se
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
Cd-Sm
Atomlc Percent Cadmium
0
1200
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
W
100
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
hR3
hP2
cI2
cPZ
hP3
cF448
hP142
dl68
cP36
hP2
Space
group
R3m
P63Immc
Im3m
Prnm
P3ml
Fq3m
P63l~mc
Im3
Pm7m
P6dmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.129
J. Dutkiewicz, L.A. Zabdyr, Z. Moser, and J . Salawa, 1989
Phw
(Cd)
P
(Sn)
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.25
94.3 to 99.1
98.9 to 100
hP2
hP2
tr4
P63lmmc
P631mmc
14 I lamd
H. Okamoto, 1990
Cd-Sr
Atomlc P e r c e n t S i r o n t ~ u m
Phase
(Cd)
Cd, ,Sr
Cd$r
Cd9Srz
CdzSr
CdSr
WSrs
(PW
(aSr)
Cd
Welght P e r c e n t Strontium
Composition,
wt% Sr
P63lmmc
I4 llarnd
...
...
Imma
PmJm
I4lmcm
Im?m
Fmm
0
6.6
11.5
14.8
28.0
43.8
56.5
loo
100
Sr
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, 1989
Cd-Te
Atomic P e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u m
0
Pearson
symbol
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Phw
(Cd)
aCdTe
PCdTe(a)
yCdTe(a)
(Te)
(a) Hlgh-pressure phase
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
53.2
53.2
53.2
100
hP2
cF8
cF8
114
hP3
P631mmc
Fx3m
FmJm
14,lamd
P3121
201 30/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cd-Th
J.Dutkiewicz, unpublished
Atomic Percent Thorium
-
Phase
(Cd)
C ~ I I T ~
Cd5Th
Cdz3Th6
Cd3Th
Cd2Th
CdTh
(aTh)
(BTh)
Composition,
wt% Th
0
15.79
29.2 1
35.00
41
50.79
67.4
100
100
Pearson
symbol
--
Space
group
P63lmmc
PmSm
P631~mc
Fm3m
P63lmmc
P6Immrn
hP2
cP3 6
hP36
cF116
hP8
hP3
...
oP24
cF4
cI2
F ~
Im%n
S
100
Cd
Weight Percent Thorium
Th
H. Okamoto, 1990
-
A t o m l c Percent T h a l l ~ u r n
3X)
Phase
(Cd)
(P'W
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
97.5 to 100
-98 to 100
hP2
el2
hP 2
P63/ymc
Im3m
P6sImmc
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
A t a r n ~ cPercent Cadrnlum
Phase
(ay)
(by)
YCd
YCd,
YCd3
YIIC~IS
Y13Cd58
Y Cd6
(Cd)
0
Y
10
20
30
40
50
60
Welght Percent Cadmlum
70
80
90
100
Cd
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
55.8
71.7
79
83.8
85.0
88.3
100
hP2
d2
cP2
hP3
oc16
cF448
hP142
dl68
hP2
P631mmc
lmjm
~m%n
P3ml
Cmcm
F43m
P63/m_mc
Im3
P6slmmc
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.131
Cd-Y b
K.A. Gschneidner, jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1988
Atomlc Percent Cadmium
10
0
20
40
30
50
60
80
70
90
900
Phase
(Wb)
(YY~)
YbCd
YbCd,
Yb3Cd8
Yb14Cds1
YbCd5 7
YbCd6
(Cd)
Composition,
wt% Cd
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to -0.91
0 to -2.2
39.4
56.5
63.4
70.3
78.8
79.6
100
cF4
c12
cP2
hP12
Fm%
lm3m
PmSm
P63lmmc
...
P6/m
...
hP65
...
c1168
hP2
group
...
lm5
P63Immc
We~ghtPercent C a d m ~ u m
Yb
Cd-Zn
J.Dutkiewicz and W. Zakulski,
1984
A t o r n ~ cPercent Zlnc
450
0
I0
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
IW
0
Phase
(Cd)
(zn)
5
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 2.58
97.52 to 100
hP2
hP2
P631mmc
P6slmmc
:
250 -
-- (Cd)
f
2
(Zn)--;
0
10
0
0
20
30
Cd
~
40
50
60
70
80
We~ght Percent Zmc
..- ,
90
7
1W
Zn
Ce-Co
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and M.E. Verkade. 1974
Atornlc Percent Cobalt
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
90
Phase
Composition,
w t l Co
Pearson
symbol
0
~12
cF4
hP70
cF24
hR12
hP36
hR24
hP6
hP38
hR19
Space
group
I
We)
) 0" (
Ce24Co11
CeCoz
CeCo,
Ce2C07
Ce5Co19
CeCo5
Bce~co17
aCe2Co17
(aCo)
(ECO)
Ce
-- - ----- -----
----".
Weight Percent Cobalt
--
*
--
-
Co
o
16.1
45.7
56
59.6
61.1
67.7
78.2
78.2
100
100
C F ~
hP 2
lm5m
~m3m
P63/mc
Fc3m
R3m
P63Lmmc
R3m
P6lmmm
P63lmmc
R3m
~m3m
P631mmc
201 32/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
Ce-Cu
-
A t o m ~ cPercent Cerlum
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
80 I00
1200
Welght Percent Cerium
Phase
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
-26.88
-30.61
-35.5
cF4
om8
hP6
Fmm
Pnma
P6/mmm
Pnnm
Imma
Pnm
Im3m
~mTm
P63/mmc
FmTm
oP20
Ce
W. Zhang, C . Liu, and K. Han, 1992
Ce-Fe
Atomic Percent Cerium
1600
Composition,
wt9b Ce
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70 80 90 100
0
Phase
Fe
Weight Percent Cerium
Ce
Enlargement of the Ce-rich portion of the Fe-Ce phase diagram
W e ~ g h tPercent Cerlum
Ce
Composition,
wt% Ce
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.133
H. Okamoto, 1990
Ce-Ga
Atornlc
l
6
20 0
P e r c e n t Certurn
30
4
00
50
60 +
70
80
90
~
Phase
(Ga)
PGa6Ce
aGa6Ce
Ga2Ce
GaCe
Ga2Ce3
Ga,Ce~(a)
GaCe,
We)
We)
(!-We)
Composition,
wt% Ce
0
21.1
21.1
? to 44.6
61.7
71
73
83
100
100
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
oC8
...
t114
hP3
oC8
tP20
tI32
cP4
~12
cF4
hP4
Cmca
...
P4/nbm
P6/mmm
Cmcm
P4dmnm
14/mcm
~m3m
1m3m
F
~
T
~
P63/mmc
(a) Not shown in the diagram
Ca
Welght
Ce
Percent C e r ~ u m
Ce-Ge
0
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1989
10
20
30
Atomlc P e r c e n t C e r r n a n ~ u m
40
50
60
70
80
90
Phpw
1600
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
...
P6glmcm
143d
Pnma
Pnma
Imma
141/amd
FdSm
938.3.C
(a) From 798 to 726 "C. (b) From 726 to 61 "C
-177 "C. (d) Below -177 'C. (e) Orthorhombic
10
0
20
30
Ce
40
50
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t
60
70
Gerrnan~urn
80
90
"C on heating, 16
T on cooling). (c) From 61 to
100
Ce
Ce-In
H. Okamoto, 1992
0
1
Space
group
10
4
20
0
30
0
Atomlc Percent
40
50
~
+
Indlurn
-.-.T--
Phpw
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1mIim
FmJm
P63/mrnc
FmSm
Fm3m
Pmm
P63Immc
...
...
Cmcm
Imma
PmJm
14/mmm
Welght
Percent
Indlurn
2.1 34/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ce-lr
H. Okamoto, 1991
I
p
Atomle Percent l r ~ d i u m
0
40
50
80
3
70
80
90
Phase
We)
We)
We)
(ace)
Ce41r
Ce31r
Ce71r3
Ce51r3
Ce51r4
CeIr2
CeIr3
Ce21r7
CeIr5
(10
Ce
Composition,
wi% Ir
Pearson
symbol
0
0
0
~ 1 2
cF4
hP4
o
C F ~
26
31
37
45.1
52.3
70 to 76
81
82.8
87.2
100
...
...
hP20
tP32
of36
cF24
hR12
hRlX
cF24
cF4
Space
group
Im3m
Fmm
P631mmc
F ~ T ~
...
...
P63mc
P41ncc
Pn-ma
Fd3m
R2m
R3m
F4jm
Fm3m
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t l r ~ d i u m
Ce-Mg
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Atomic P e r c e n t Cerium
Phme
Composition,
wt% Ce
(Mg)
Mgl2CeU)
MgdXII)
Mg~o.3Ce
Mg4~Ce~
Mace
Mg2Ce
MgCe
We)
We)
0 to 0.52
32.44(a,b)
32.44(b)
35.89(a)
41.28(a)
? to 66
74.24(a)
85.22
? t o loo
98.5 to 100
Pearson
symbul
hP2
t126
013 3 8
hP38
tI92
cF16
c~24
cP2
~ 1 2
cF4
Space
group
P63lmmc
I4Immm
(Immm)
P631mmc
[4/m
Fm2m
~ d ~
Pm3m
1m3m
FmTm
m
(a) Appears to be a line compound. The composition range, if any, is unknown. (b) Composition has not
been established with certainty. (c) The NiI7Th2structure type is taken from the homologous Mg-Nd
system. In the Mg-Ce system, the Ni17Th2 structure has not yet been found.
Ce
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Cerium
Ce-Mn
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, unpublished
ALorn~cPercent
o 10 20
+
1400
+
.
.
,
A
.
.
.
,
.
n
.
+
.
.
30
40
50
60
70
Manganese
80
QO
Phaw
_ _ C _ _ r _ - 7
--.
200
Ce
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Manganese
100
Mn
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2@135
Ce-Ni
P. Nash and C.H. Tung, 1991
,600y
Aturnlc P e r c e n t N l c k r l
00
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmrn
Im?m
P63mc
Cmcm
FdTm
P63lmmc
P631rnrnc
P6/1ym
Fm3m
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Solubility of Ce in Ni is 0.05 at.% Ce at 1200 "C and 0.04 at.% Ce at r w m temperature;
data were obtained from pure Ni.
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Phase
(aCe)(a)
(PCe)(b)
We)@)
(SCe)(d)
CeO
Ce203
"C-C203" (e, g)
Ce7012
lffl
Kg)
Ce6011(h)
CeO,
CeO26)
Composition,
wi% 0
Pearson
symbd
-0
-0
-0
-0
-10.2
-15
15.86 to 16.16
16.3 to 16.43
-16.90
-17.1 to 17.2
-17.3
-18.6
-18.6
cF4
hP4
cF4
c12
cF8
hP5
el80
hR22
hR?
hR?
mP?
cF12
hP48
Space
group
Fm3m
P631mm~
Fm3m
ImTm
Fm?m
P3m 1
la%
R?
...
...
p21/"
Frn3m
...
High-pressure phase
(a) Below room temperature (b) Up to 61 "C. (c) From 61 to 726 "C. (d) From 726 to 798 "C. (e)
High-temperature phase; stable above -590 'C. (f) R e p n e d to be y f o m of Ce203, perhaps a compound with
stoichiometry CegO16. wlth monoclmic or lower symmetry. (g) Reported to be form of Ce20, perhaps a
compound with stoichiometry CeloOls with monoclinic or lower symmeuy. (h) ~i~h-tempera;ure
phase.
r e p n e d to k stable between 790 and 85b T . (j) Reported to be high-temperature phase, observed at 1340 T:
(k) High-pressure phase, formed by reaction of Ce and Ce02 at 700 "C and 15 kbar pressure
P
Weight P e r c e n t O x y g e n
Ce-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1991
Phase
(SCe)
We)
We)
(ace)
Ce7Pd,
Ce,Pd,
PCePd
aCePd
Ce,Pd,
Ce,Pds
CePd,
PCePdS
aCePdS
CePd,
( W
Ce
Weight P e r c e n t P a l l a d ~ u m
Pd
Composition,
wt% Pd
0
Pearson
symbol
0
c12
cF4
hP4
o
C F ~
o
Space
group
Im5m
~ m m
P63/mmc
~mTm
P63mc
...
Pnma
Cmcm
R3m
P65m
Pm3m
...
...
Fmzm
Fm3m
2.1 36/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ce-Pu
J.E. Selle and D.E. Etter, 1964
Atornlc Percent C e r i u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ce
(EPu)
(6'Pu)
(@u)
(Ypu)
(PPu)
(ah)
We)
We)
(We)
(ace)
0 to 9
0
0 to 15.4
0
0
0
7 2 to 100
53 to loo
100
100
Pearson
symbol
cI2
tI2
cF4
uF8
mC34
m~16
CIZ
C F ~
hP4
cF4
Space
group
Im?m
I4lmmm
~m?m
Fddd
12Im
P2dm
1m3m
~ m m
P63/mm~
F
~
T
~
K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and M.E. Verkade, 1974
Atornlc Percent S u l f u r
20
26007!
70
. . . .30! . , . . . . . .10' . . . , . , , . , . 50' . , , , , , . . . . . . , 60
! . . . . . . , . , . . . . . . , , . ' i
Phase
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
W e ~ g h t Percent S u l f u r
A. Munitz, A.B. Gokhale, and G.J. Abbaschian, 1989
Ce-Si
Atornlc Percent Slllcon
Composition,
Phase
GCe(a)
YcO)
PC&)
aCe(d)
Ce5Si3
Ce3Si2
CeSSid
CeSi
Ce3Si5
CeSi2
Si
SiII(H.P.)
,, ,#
,,,,
a , , ,
0
Ce
10
20
30
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
0
0
10.7
12
13.8
16.7
25.0
26 to 28.62
100
100
cI2
cF4
hP4
cF4
tI32
tPl0
(e)
up8
(0
1112
cF8
t14
Im5m
FmTm
P63Immc
FmTm
14lmcm
P4lmbm
...
Pnmo
Immo
14110md
FdTm
14110md
(a) From 798 to >726 OC. (b) From 726 to >61 "C (139 O C on healing, 16 O C on cooling). (c) From 61 "C
to ? (d) <I77 "C. (e) Tetragonal. (f) Orthorhombic
10
50
80
Weight Percent Silicon
70
80
80
100
SI
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.137
Ce-Sn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1m3m
Fmm
P6jlmmr
~m%n
Pmm
P63Imcm
I4lmcm
Pnma
14/mmm
Cmrm
Ce-Te
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u r n
2my
Phase
I-50
80
70
BO
90
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
We)
We)
We)
CeTe
Ce3Te4
Ce,Te,
CeTez
Ce2Te5
CeTe,
(Te)
4
,
0
8
8
...
P4lnmm
Cmcm
Cmcm
P3121
.
, , . . ,
3
Space
group
,
3
2m
0
10
70
30
Ce
50
40
60
70
90
80
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u r n
Ce-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
Atamlc Percent Cerium
0
70
10
,
->
TI
--
.-
30
1
,
40
9
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C e r ~ u m
---
--
.
,
50
8
60
,
70
8
80 90 1
*-.A*.
Phase
Ce
Composition,
wt% Ce
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
20138/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ce-TI
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
A t o m ~ rPercent Thalllum
20
10
0
40
50
-++
30
-0041
60
Composition,
70
,?-+--A-"7A7
Phase
(ace)
(PCe)
We)
(ace)
Ce3Tl(a)
10'C
Ce2TI
Ce5T13
CeTl(b)
CeTl(c)
Ce3T15
CeT1,
(PTU
(aT0
wt% TI
o
0
o to 4
o to 13
-32.1 to -33.3
-33
-42
-46 to -47
-53 to -60
Pearson
symbol
C F ~
hP4
cF4
~12
cP4
cF4
...
Space
group
~mSm
P631mmc
F
~
T
~
~mTm
Pmb
FmTm
...
-53 to -60
-70 to -71
81
100
tI32
cP2
(or cI2)
tP2
oC32
cP4
cI2
I4lmcm
PmSm
Im3m
P4lmmm
Cmcm
~ m j m
Im3m
100
hP2
P631mmc
(a) A cP4-cF4 order-disorder transformation in this phase has been suggested. (b) Cubic structure
presumed to be room- and high-temperature phases. ( c ) Tetragonal structure presumed to be lowtemperature phase
v
80
Weight P e r c e n t T h a l l ~ u m
Ce
Ce-Zn
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Zinc
Phase
(ace)
We)
(We)
(ace)
CeZn
CeZn2
CeZn,
CesZn~I
Ce~3Zns8
CeZn5
Ce3Zn2z
CezZn17
CeZn,
(Zn)
Composition,
wt% Zn
o
o
o
o
31.8
48.3
58
63.2
67.6
70.0
77
79.9
83.8
100
Pearson
symbol
C I ~
cF4
h ~ 4
cF4
cP2
0112
oC16
0128
hP142
hP6
tll00
hR19
tI48
hP2
Space
group
Im3m
F
~
S
~
P63lmmc
~ m m
PmTm
Imma
Cmcm
Immm
P6gmc
P6lmmm
I 4 1lamd
R7m
14]lamd
P63lmmc
6(
Weight P e r c e n t Zlnc
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t Chlorine
0
800
. '
20
10
,
. '
,
. 30
,'.
,
. .
40
! .
,
.
,
L
Cs
Weight P e r c e n t Chlorlne
50
I
.
.
. . . .
60
, ' .
-
Phase
Composition,
wt% C I
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Cs)
PCsCl
aCsCl
(C1)
0
21.1
21.1
100
cI2
cF8
cP2
oC8
ImXm
Fm3m
Pm3m
Cmca
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*139
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phzse
(Gal
PGaC12
aGaC12
G&l9
GaCI,
(Cf)
Composilion,
wt% CI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
50.5
50.5
oC8
rP24
Cmca
Pnma
...
53.3
...
...
60
100
aP8
oC8
CI-Hg
...-
P1
Cmca
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t Chlonne
Phase
Composition,
w t % CI
Pearson
symbol
Space
erouu
0
15.0
26.1
100
h~ I
t18
oP12
oC8
I4lmmm
Pmnb
Cmca
R T ~
H. Okamoto, 1992
Phase
(In)
PInCl
aInCl
In,C14
W X U
In2CI,(II)
In2C13(III)
PIn~clda)
aInSC19(a)
PInCI2
aInC12
InC13
(CI)
(a) Or In4CI7
0,
In
Welght Percent C h l o r l n e
C1
Composition,
wt% CI
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
0
23.6
23.6
29.1
32
32
32
35.7
35.7
38.2
38.2
48
100
tl2
oC8
cP64
I4/mmm
Cmcm
Pz13
...
...
...
...
...
...
0*30
r*45
hP *
...
...
om4
m**
mC16
oC8
...
Pnna
...
C21m
Cmca
201 401Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
CI-Na
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t Chlorine
0
30
20
10
40
50
60
70
1400
0
30
20
10
Na
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t C h l o r ~ n e
80
80
9i.
90
Phsse
Composition,
wl% CI
(Na)
NaCl
(cl)
60.7
100
100
o
~12
cFX
oC8
Space
group
~mTm
Fm3m
Cmca
100
C1
K. lshida and 1. Nishizawa, 1990
Co-Cr
0
Pearson
symbol
10
20
30
Atornlc P e r c e n t Chrornlurn
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phase
Wo)
(ECO)
(aCr)
o
Composition,
wt% C r
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 40
0 to 36
43.9 to 100
50.5 to 63
cF4
hP2
~12
tP30
Fm3m
P63lmmc
Im3m
P42/mnm
-16
40 to 62.9
54 to 100
23
~12
cF4
cPX
hPX
1m3m
FmTm
Pm3n
P6slmmc
Metastable phases
(aCr)
(do)
Wr)
CosCr?
0
Co
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o m i u m
80
90
100
Cr
1. Nishizawa and K. Ishida, 1984
Co-Cu
A t o m i c Percent Copper
Phsse
(aCo)
(ECO)
0 )
Metastable phase
E'
Composition,
wt% Cu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 20.9
0 to 9(a)
93 to 100
cF4
hP2
cF4
FmTm
P63lmmc
Fm3m
9 to 10
wL
RL
(a) The composition of (ECO)is between 0 and 0.3 wt% Cu in equ~librium,but is 0 to 9 wt% Cu In the
metastable state, which is obtained by quenching from high temperatures.
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*141
H. Okamoto, 1990
- -
Atornlc P e r c e n t Dysprosium
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Dy
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmsm
P6glmmc
P631mmc
R?m
P6lmmm
R2m
R3m
FdSm
P631m
P21Ic
Pnmn
Im3m
P63lmmc
0
Co
30
40
50
80
70
Weight P e r c e n t Dysprosium
80
90
100
DY
Co-Er
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phae
(aCo)
Co17Er2
Co,Er
Co7Er2
Co3Er
Co2Er
Co3Er4
Co7Er12
CoEr3
(Er)
Composition,
wt% Er
-0
25.0
36.3
44.7
49
58.6
79.1
83.0
99.5
-100
Co-Fe
cF4
hP38
hP6
hR18
hR12
cF24
hP22
m~38
oPl6
hP2
Space
group
Fm?m
P63lmmc
P61ym
R3m
Rsm
Fd3m
P63lm
P21lc
Prima
P6slmmc
T. Nishizawa and K. Ishida, 1984
Atomic Percent I r o n
17W
Pearson
symbol
Phase
(aCo, yFe)
a'
(aFe)
@Fe)
Metastable phase
11
Composition,
wt% Fe
Pearson
symbol
0 to 100
-28 to -74
-22 to 100
82 to 100
cF4
cP2
~ 1 2
~ 1 2
0.5 to 5.7
hP4
Space
group
F
~
PmSm
1m3m
1m5m
P63lmmc
?
~
2.1 42/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Co-Ca
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Gall~urn
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1
Phase
1600
(aCo)
(ECO)
I3
Coca,
(Ga)
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 22
0 t o 17
33 to 67.7
78
100
cF4
hP2
cP2
IP16
d78
~m3m
P63lmmc
~m?;m
P&2
Cmca
Co-Cd
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cPercent G a d o l ~ n ~ u r n
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 90 100
(aW
(ECO)
0
Co
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
Weight Percent Gadolinium
80
90
100
Gd
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
-0
cF4
hP2
hP38
hR19
hP6
hR18
hP36
hR12
cF24
hP22
mP3 8
oP16
c12
hP2
Fmm
P63lmmc
P631mmc
R3m
P6lmmm
R5m
P63Lmmc
R3m
FdTm
P631m
P21lc
Pn-mo
Im3m
P63lmmc
hP8
oP 8
P6lmmm
Pnmo
C0~7Gd~
-23.8
CoSGd
Co7Gd2
-34.9
-43.2
Co3Gd
CozGd
Co3Gd4
Co7Gdiz
CoGd,
(PGd)
(aGd)
Other reported phases
Co8Gd
CoGd
Co3Gd7
CoGds
47
57.1
78.0
-82.1
89
-100
100
-25.0
72.7
86
96
o*
...
...
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1991
Co-Ce
Phnse
(aco)
(ECO)
Co,Ge
Co5Gel
aCo5Ge3
Co
0'
Welght Percent Germanium
Ge
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 20.7
cF4
hP2
cP8
FmTm
P63Immc
PrnTn?
Oto21
PCo5Ge3
CoGe
25.2 to 26
33.0
-41.5 to -45
37.2 to 48.2
53.7 to 57.7
Co5Ge7
CoGez
(Ge)
63.3
71.2
-100
(a)
...
(b)?
hP6
mC16
cP8
1124
oC24
cF8
Pbnm?
P63lmmc
C2Im
PZ13
I4mm
Aba2
Fd3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.143
Co-Hf
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1991
A i o r r ~ ~llt,rc
r
.-.-...,.
2u
10
-C
-.,,.--.TTT
J1,
IIafrvtit~~
10
4[1
--.--........I.....1
I
50
I
IIII
,,
.
71
~ 1 1 90
Phme
(ace)
L
(ECo)
Co7Hf
C023Hf6
Co7Hf2
CotHf
CoHf
CoHf,
2000 '
1800
Composition,
wt% Hf
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to -6
cF4
Fm?m
0 to -1.5
30.2
44.2
hP2
tP32
cF116
P631mmc
group
...
~m7m
(PHO
(aH0
Co
We~ghtPerrrnt Ildfn~urn
Hf
Co-Ho
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atorn~c Percent IIolrn~um
10
-------+.----.--7L---.
20
-
,
,
3
p
2
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ho
Pearson
symbol
~
~
p
Space
group
Fm3m
P631mmc
~ 5 m
P6glmmc
P63lmmc
P6Immm
R3"
R3m
~dsm
P631m
P211c
Pnmn
P63lmmc
Co
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Holmium
Ho
Co-Mn
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1990
A t o m i c P c r c e n t hlanganese
Phme
(ECo)
(aCo)
o
(aMn)
(PMn)
(Wn)
(6Mn)
(*/Mn)(a)
Composition,
wt% M n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -19
o to -57
-48
97 to 100
hP2
P631mmc
~m?m
P421mnm
143m
49
95
90
90
to 100
C F ~
tP30
c15 8
CP~O
to 100
cF4
to 100
CIZ
to 100
t12
~ 4 ~ 3 2
F
~
Im?m
141mmm
( a ) Splat quenched from the liquid state or rapid quenched from the high-temperature solid field
Co
Weight P e r c e n t Manganese
Mn
?
~
2.1 44lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
CO-Mo
From [Molybdenum]
Atomic P e r c e n t Cobalt
Composition,
2800
phase
wtw co
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Mo)
0 to -6
-27.8 to 28
-38.8 to -46.7
-64.2 to -65.4
-72
-72 to 100
-86 to 100
cI2
tP30
hR13
hPR
hP2
cF4
hP2
1m3m
P42/mnm
R3m
P63lmmc
P63lmmc
Fm3m
P6shmc
D
&
K
cph
(ace)
(ECO)
Mo
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Cobalt
Co
Co-Nb
0
J.K. Pargeter and W. Hume-Rothery, 1967
20
10
30
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Cobalt
40
50
60
70
80
90
Composition,
100
phase
(Nb)
Nb6C07
BNwo2(a)
aNM302
NWo,
(aCo)
5
wt%
co
0 to -3
36.3 to 38.3
56.3 to ?
56.3 to 63.2
65.3
91.6 to 100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
hR13
hP12
cF24
hP24
cF4
Im3m
RTm
P63Immc
~d%m
P63lrnmc
Fm3m
(a) BNbCo2 is stable above -1200 T.
1800
+
m
1600
6
e
1406.C
1400
leoo
11ZI.C
1WO
800
0
10
20
Nb
30
40
50
80
70
80
00
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Cobalt
100
Co
Co-Nd
1600
0
A.E. Ray, 1974
10
Atomlc P e r c e n t N e o d y m ~ u m
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
00 100
Phase
Composition,
wt%Nd
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
Fmm
P63lmmc
R3m
P6lmmm
~ 3 m
R3nl
P6jImmc
RK~
Fd3m
...
...
P63mc
Pn-m
Im3m
P63Immc
Co
Weight P e r c e n t Neodymium
Nd
Other reported phases
Co3Nd4
C0~~Nd~4
CozNds
-76.5
hP7
Pa
-84.2
-85.9
hP7O
mC28
P63mc
C2Ic
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.145
Co-Ni
T. Nishizawa and K. lshida, 1991
Atornlc P e r c e n t Nlckel
20
10
30
50
40
60
70
80
90
i
Phme
455'C
Co
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Nlckel
(aCo,Ni)
(ECO)
Composition,
~ 4 %
Ni
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 35
cF4
hP2
~mTm
P63Immc
N1
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t P h o s p h o r u s
10
20
30
40
Composition,
50
wt%
P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fm?m
P63lmmc
Pnm
Pnm
(aCo)
(ECO)
CozP
COP
copz
COP,
Red (P)
White (P)
Black (P)
...
Cmca
(a) Monoclinic. (b) Cubic
0
Co
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t P h o s p h o r u s
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1991
Co-Pd
Atomic Percent P a l l a d ~ u m
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
855T
Phaw
(aCo,Pd)
(ECO)
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to -31
cF4
hR2
P631mmc
-63 to -66
7 3 to 94
tP4
cP4
P41mmm
PmSm
F
~
Metastable phases
a"
a'
J
~
2.1 46/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Co-Pr
A.E. Ray, 1974
0
Co
10
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Praseodyrnlurn
20
30
40
50
70
60
80
Phase
Composition,
wt % Pr
Pearson
symbol
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
0 to 100
0 to ?
-76.8
-91
cF4
hP2
tP4
cP4
Fmm
P6jlmmc
P4/m-m
Pm3m
90
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t P r a s e o d y r n ~ u r n
Space
group
PI
Co-Pt
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t P l a t i n u m
(aCo, Pt)
(ECO)
CoPt
CoPt,
_---
1600
_--*
1485.C
1400
Co-Pu
D.M. Poole, M.C. Bale, P.C. Mardon, J.A.C. Marples, and
1.1. Nichols, 1961
Atornlc P e r c e n t Plutonium
0
10
20
30
16001
10
'
50
t--+-60
7 0 80
.
'
A
1
Phase
(aCo)
(ECO)
C0~7Pu2
Co3Pu
Co2Pu
CuPuz
CoPu,
CoPu6
(EPu)
(6'Pu)
(6pu)
(Ypu)
(PPu)
(ah)
Co
W e ~ g h t Percent P l ~ r t o n l u m
Pu
Composition,
wt% Pu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
-0
34
-58.9
-67.4
-88.7 to 90
-92.6 to 93
96.1
-99.5 to 100
-100
-100
-100
-100
-100
cF4
hP2
hP38
hR12
cF24
hP9
oCI6
t128
c12
t12
cF4
OF8
mC34
mP16
Fm3m
P63lmmc
P63/mmc
R3m
FdTm
P6jlmmc
Cmcm
I4I~cm
Im3m
I41mmm
Fm3m
Fddd
C2lm
P2llm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.147
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phaw
(ace)
(&Co,Re)
Composition,
w t % Re
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 43
0 to 100
cF4
hP2
FmFm
P6dmmc
~k--?---.l-20
30
60
90
0
10
40
50
70
80
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t H h e n l u m
Co
K. Friedrich, 1908
A t o m l c Percent S u l f u r
10
0
20
30
40
50
-__C_v-
Composition,
60
phaw
wt% s
Pearson
symbol
...
...
cF68
hP4
cF56
cP12
oF128
~m3m
P631rnmc
Fd3p
Pa3
Fddd
Co-Sb
H. Okarnoto, 1991
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t A n t ~ r n o n y
Composition,
wt% s b
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -5.0
cF4
hP2
hP4
oP6
mP12
el32
hR2
FmTm
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Pnnm
P21Ic
1m3
0
61.4 to -69
79
79
-86
-100
Co
Space
group
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A n t l m o n y
Sb
R%I
2.1 48/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
Co-Se
A t o m ~ cPercent S e l e n ~ u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
Phase
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
(ace)
(ECO)
Co9Se8
Col,Se
CoSe2
(Se)
0
0
54.4
57.9 to 65.8
72.9
100
cF4
hP2
cF68
80
m**
cP12
oC8
Space
group
~ m h
P63lmmc
~msm
...
PUT
Cmca
d
p
8
0
10
20
30
Co
40
50
60
Weight Percent Selenlum
Co-Si
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1991
Atomlc Percent Slllcon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
90
1600
Phase
(aCo)
(ECO)
Co3Si
aCo2Si
PCo2Si
CoSi
CoSi2
(Si)
Metastable phases
Co3Si
Co4Si
V&sKa)
Co2Si3
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 8.5
cF4
hP2
t* *
of12
Fmm
P63lmmc
0 to 9.7
14
-18 to -20
-18 to 21.0
31 to -34
48.8
-100
-4 to 14
-11
-14
42
...
Pnma
...
...
cP8
cF12
cF8
P213
~m!m
Fd3m
hP8
P6glmmc
...
*
...
...
tP20
P&2
O*
(a) Formed by massive transformation
Co
Weight Percent S ~ l i c o n
Si
From [Moffatt]
phase
Co-Sm
Atomic Percent S a m a r l u m
0
LO
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
Co4Sm9
CoSm3
(YSm)
(PSm)
( a W
Other reported phases
CoSSm
0
Co
10
20
30
Weight Percent S a m a r l u m
Sm
Composition,
wt% s m
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*149
Co-Sn
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, 1991
A t o m ~ c1 ' ~ r c c n t '
20
30
TL~
. , . 40- . - : 50~..r.-TO-...~L~rO..!OO
Phme
Composition,
wtC Sn
Pearson
symbol
(aCo)
(ECO)
W3Snz
o to -4
0 to -0.4
-52 to -59
hP2
hP4
~m?m
P63/mmc
P6glmmc
aCo,Snz
CoSn
CoSnz
(Psn)
-58 to -59
66.8
80.1
-100
om0
hP6
r112
t14
Pnma
P61mmm
14lm
1411amd
...
R?m
1mb
Prnm
1 6 0 0 - ~ ~ - i - - - - . - ~ . 1 P r ~ ~ C
L
:
1200-
1170T
C F ~
Space
group
Metastable phases
(E'CO)
Co,Sn
c12
cP2
Sn
Weight P e r c e n t Tin
Co
3.0 to 15.1
40.2
Co-Ta
H. Okamoto, 1991
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T a n t a l u m
20
30
10
-
-
-
-
~
-
-
.
7
.
.
&
.
-
.
-
~
50
,
60
70
80
80 100
Composition,
Phme
wt W Ta
(aCo)
Co,Ta,
oto 11
46.7
53.8 to 56
56.2 to 63
-64
7 1 to 80
86.0
92 to 100
2600
2100
L
2200
1 3
h2
1I
Co6Ta7
CoTa,
(Ta)
Pearson
symbol
C F ~
...
hP24
cF24
hP12
hR13
tI12
c12
Co-Tb
Space
group
~m?m
...
P63lmmc
~dSm
P631mmc
R?m
Wmcm
Im?m
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Terbium
Phaw
(aCo)
(~CO)
Pc01,Tbz
aCol,Tb2
Co,Tb
Co7Tb2
Co,Tb
Co2Tb
Co3Tb4
Co7Tb12
CoTb,
(Tb)
Composition,
wt% Tb
o
0
24.0
24.0
35.1
43.5
47
57.4
78.2
82.2
89
100
Pearson
symbol
C F ~
hP2
hP38
hR19
hP6
hR18
hR12
cF24
hP22
mP3 8
oPl6
hP2
Space
group
~m?m
P631mmc
P63Imrnc
R?m
P61pm
R?jm
R3m
Fd3m
P631m
p21/c
Pnma
P6dmmc
2.1 5O/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
K. lshida and T. Nishizawa, unpublished
Co-Te
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
Composition,
wt% Te
phase
-0
-0
(aCo)
(ECO)
P(CozTed
Y(C0Tez)
CoTeZ(a)
CoTez(b)
7 3 to 80
81.1 to 83.3
81.3
81.3
-100
W e )
Pearson
symbol
C F ~
hP2
hP4
oP6
hP3
cPl2
hp3
Space
group
~m?;n
P63Immc
P63lmmc
Pnd
P??l
Pa3
~3121
(a) Metastable? (b) Under high pressure
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
100
Welght P e r c e n t T e l l u r i u m
Co
Te
K. Ishida, T. Nishizawa, and H. Okamoto, unpublished
Co-Th
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T h o r i u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60 70 80 90100
I600
1755.C
Phase
Composition,
wt% Th
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Pearson
svmbol
Space
Phase
Composition,
wt% CO
0 t o 1.0
0 t o 17.3
37.6 to 38.1
54 to 60
71.0 t o 71
73.0 t o 7 6
79.1 t o 83.7
-99.2 t o 100
88.0 to 100
hP2
c12
cF96
cP2
cF24
hP24
cP4
hP2
cF4
P6glmmr
Imsm
FdTm
Pm3m
Fd3m
P63/mmc
Pm3m
P63lmmc
Fmh
...
...
(a)
P6/mmm
(b)
...
400
200
0
10
20
30
Co
40
50
60
70
90
80
100
Weight P e r c e n t T h o r i u m
Th
J.L. Murray, 1987
Co-Ti
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Cobalt
0
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
I
(aTi)
@Ti)
Ti2Co
TiCo
TiCo2 (cubic)
TiCoz (hexagonal)
TiCo,
(ECO)
(aCo)
lTOUD
Metastable phases
o
(a"Co)
(a) The "ideal" o structure is hexagonal, bul a distorted Uigonal form has also been observed in some Ti
systems. The structure of o in Ti-Co has not been definitively established. (b) Rhombohedral
TI
W e ~ ~ hP et r c e n t
I
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.151
Co-v
J.F. Smith, 1989
A t o m i c P e r c e n t Varladlum
Phase
(aCo)
(ECO)
Co,V(hex)
Co3V(fcc)
a
CoV,
0)'
Co
Composition,
wt% V
Pearson
symbol
0 to 32
0 to ?
-21 to 29
-19 to 28
41 to -67
-72
75 to 100
cF4
hP2
hP24
cP4
tP30
cP8
c12
Space
group
~msm
P6glmmc
~ 6 ~
~m3m
P4dmnm
Pmn
Im3m
2
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t V a n a d l u m
Co-W
S.V. Nagender Naidu, A.M. Sriramamurthy, and P. Rama Rao,
I986
Atomic Percent Tunesten
-
Phase
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Phase
Composition,
wt% Co
Pesrson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
18
29.3
33.2
39.9
44.4
49.9
57.0
67
c12
hP2
oP 16
mP5 2
hP22
oC8
hP2
Im3m
P6glmmc
Pnma
p21/c
P6gIm
Cmcm
...
...
F<?m
R3m
P6glmmc
R3m
P6lmmm
P63lrnmc
Rsm
~mSm
P6glmmc
of20
Pnnm
- -
Space
group
H. Okamoto, 1992
Aiomle P e r c e n t Cobalt
50
-
70
80
1
80
90
9
O
t
(by)
(ay)
Y3c0
Y8c05
y4c03
YCo
Y6c07
Y2C03
YCo,
YCo,
'zc07
YCoS
Pyzc017
aY2Co,1
(aCo)
(ECO)
69.9
75.8 to 80
84 to 86
-84
100
100
...
cP*
cF24
hR12
hP24
hR18
hP6
hP38
hP19
C F ~
Metastable phase
y3c02
31
201 521Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
Co-Zn
Atomic P e r c e n t Z ~ n c
phase
1600
Space
group
D.J. Chakrabarti and D.E Laughlin, 1984
Cr-Cu
0
I0
A t o m ~ cPercent C h r o m i u m
30
10
50
60
70
20
80
90
IW
LBW
8W
Pearson
symbol
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Zinc
Co
2000
Composition,
wt% z n
0
Cu
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o m i u m
80
90
Phasc
Composition,
wt% Cr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 )
(Cr)
0 t o 0.73
99.8 to 100
cF4
c12
Fmjm
Im3m
Composition,
Pearson
Space
phase
wt% Cr
symbol
group
(aFe,Cr)
(We)
0 to 100
o to 11.2
c12
cF4
tP30
Im%n
Fmsm
P4zlmnm
LW
Cr
H. Okamoto, 1990
Cr-Fe
A t o r n ~ cPercent Chromlurn
0
Fe
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o m l u m
Cr
42.7 to 48.2
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.153
Cr-Ca
J.-D. Bornand and P. Feschotte, 1972
Phase
0 )
BCrlGa
aCr,Ga
Cffia
Cr,Ga,
Cffial
(Gal
2
400
UI
0
20
30
40
50
80
70
90
80
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Gallium
Cr
0 to -20
-29
-29
57.3
63.6
-82
-100
c12
...
cP8
hR26
Im5m
...
Pmln
R?m
...
...
ell0
oC8
1432
Cmca
100
Ga
Cr-Ce
A.B. Cokhale and C.J. Abbaschian, 1986
A t o m ~ cP e r r r n i C e r r n a n ~ u m
n
Space
group
(
. . . - m ; . , ~ . - ---,,-.-- A
10
Pear son
symbol
ea
5
0
Composition,
wt% Ga
o
. 0--2+
.-.
,.-.-,
4C
50
.+-
6
0
7
0
00
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ge
I""
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
cP8
hP16
oP76
cP8
(a)
cF8
ImXm
Pm3n
141mcm
Pnam
P213
P4n2
Fd3m
(a) Tetragonal
M. Venkatrarnan and J.P. Neurnann, 1986
Phase
Composition,
wt% HI
Pearson
symbol
Space
wow
(Cr)(a)
Cr2Hf(HT)(b)
Cr2Hf(LT)(c)
(PHfXd)
(aHO(e)
-0
6 3 to 65
6 3 to 65
-95 to 100
98 to 100
~12
hP12
cF24
c12
hP2
1m5m
P6glmmc
Fd3m
Im3m
P63/mmc
(a) Stable at <I863 "C. (b) Stable at 1335 to 1825 "C. ( c ) Stable at <I335 "C. (d) Stable at I740 to 2224
"C. (el Stable at < I 7 4 0 ' C
2.1 54lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-lr
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t I r i d i u m
Phase
0 )
Cr31r
E
CrIr,(a)
(Ir)
Composition,
wt% Ir
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -33.5
d 2
cP8
W2
Im3m
prn%
P63/mmc
pm3m
FmTm
-43.1 to 5 8
-63.5 to -89.6
-95
cP4
? I to I00
cF4
-90
to
the
(a) Order-disorder temperature has not been determined, but besause it is presumably below 1000 T,
~ h a s eis not shown in the diagram.
Cr-Lu
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomrc P e r c e n t Lutetium
Cr
Welght P e r c e n t L u t e t l u m
Phw
Composition,
wt% Lu
(Cr)
(Lu)
100
Space
group
c12
hP2
Im3m
P6dmmc
Lu
Cr-Mn
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neurnann, 1986
Atomlc P e r c e n t Manganese
0
0
Penrson
symbol
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
Phase
2000
Composition,
wt% Mn
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
...
...
P4;?lmnm
P4;?lmnm
P42/mnm
Im3m
lZ3m
F m m
P4132
(a) Below 1863 "C. (b) From 600 to 926 "C. (c) Below 600 T . (d) From 999 to 1312 T.(e) From -800
to 1006 T.(0 Below -800 'C. (g) From 1140 to 1246 "C. (h) Below 707 "C. (i)From 1088 to 1140 T.
(k) From 707 to 1088 OC
Cr
Weight P e r c e n t Manganese
Mn
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*155
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1987
Cr-Mo
Atornlc P e r c e n t Molybdenum
,
,
3000i
,
500
10
0
20
Cr
~e,,
,
,...
o
,
4p
5
I
6 8 p P 9,o~
~
30
40
50
80
70
Weight P e r c e n t Molybdenum
80
80
7
~
Phse
Composition,
wt% MO
Pearsoo
symbol
Space
group
I0
Mo
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1986
Cr-Nb
Atomlc Percent Nloblum
20
30
40
50
Composition,
w t g ~b
Pearson
Space
0 to -10
-43 to -53
43 to 53
-91 to 100
d2
hP12
cF24
c12
1m3m
P631mmc
Fd3m
Im3m
Composition,
wt% Cr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 47.0
21 to 37
65 to 1 0 0
cF4
016
CIZ
Fmjm
Immm
1m3m
-28
100
tP30
cP8
P42/mnm
~m?m
80
'
P
*
,
symbol
group
70
GO
90
100
L
10
20
30
Cr
40
50
60
70
GO
80
100
Weight P e r c e n t Nioblum
Nb
P. Nash, 1991
Cr-Ni
I
p
30
p
Atomic P e r c e n t C h r o m ~ u m
-
40
50
60
? ? I
70
I
I
80
I
00
V
1
83.C
Phase
(Ni)
NizCr or
0)
Metastable phases
0
6
2
Ni
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o m ~ u m
Cr
2.1 56/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-0
C. Banik, T. Schmitt, P. Ettmayer, and B. tux, 1980
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Oxygen
Phase
Composltlon,
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
29.1
32
38.1
42.5
43.4
48
d2
t128
hRlO
tP6
oP68
0C84
oC16
1m5m
I4 llgmd
R3c
P4dmnm
Pbcn
Cm~m
Ama2
0 )
Cr30da)
Crz03
cfi2
Cr5012
Cr60 15
(303
(a) Metastable or high-pressure phase
. . . . . .
.
0
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
-
-
20
10
Welght P e r c e n t Oxygen
Cr
Cr-0s
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1990
Atornlc P e r c e n t O s r n ~ u m
Phase
(Wa)
Cr30s(b)
'J(c)
(Os)(d)
Composition,
wt% 0 s
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to -61
~12
cP8
tP30
hP2
1m3m
Pm3n
P4dmnm
P631mmc
-52
-61
-66
-60
to -81
to 100
to
(a) Below 1900 O C . (b) Below 1540 'C. (c) 975 to 1673 "C. (d) Below 3033 "C
0
Cr
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e l g h t Percent Osmlurn
80
90
100
0s
Cr-Pd
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t P a l l a d ~ u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pesrson
symbol
Space
WOUP
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.157
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1990
~hme
Composition,
~ 1 pt
%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -29
d2
cP8
tP2
cP4
cF4
lmxm
Pm3n
P4Im-nm
Pm2m
Fm3m
(Cr)
Cr,Pt
CrPt
CrPt,
(Pt)
-78 to -80
-66 to 96
-61 to 100
Phme
Composition,
wt% Re
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -78
c12
tP30
hP2
lm3m
P42/mnm
P63hmc
44 to -53
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1987
Cr-Re
'
Atomic P e r c e n t R h e n i u m
P
20
s
30
40
88.C
(Cr)
0 (CrzRed
(Re)
83 to 87
-91 to 100
Phme
Composition,
wt% Rh
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1987
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2.1 58/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-Ru
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1987
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t R u t h e n ~ u m
Phlse
Composition,
wt% Ru
Pearsoo
symbol
Space
group
might be located at -39.3 wt%, instead. (c)
(a) Stable below 1863 'C. (b) Stable from 750 to 1000 T;
Stable from 800 to 1580 T.
(d) Stable below 2334 OC
500
Cr
Welght P e r c e n t R u t h e n ~ u m
Ru
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, unpublished
Atomic P e r c e n t S u l f u r
Phase
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) High-pressure phase. (b) Unknown
Cr-Sb
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc P e r c e n t Antimony
2000
Phppe
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 )
CrSb
CrSb2
(Sb)
0 to -11
-67.5 t o 70.1
82.4
100
c12
hP4
ImTm
P6jlmmc
Pym
R3m
of6
hR2
*-.---
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/Z-159
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1985
Cr-Sc
---10
0
1900
Alornlc P<,rcc,nt Scandium
30
10
50
60
70
20
80
/f
l - - - - - A - T . 7 - A ~ L - - A v 7 ~ ? r .
~hpw
0 )
(PSc)
{a%)
Composition,
W ~ Bsc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to <0.09
>89 t o 100
-100
c12
c12
hP2
~mzm
Im3m
P63/mmc
-69.0
cF112
FdTm
Metastable phase
Cro.ssScz.I s B x
,/'
,
2
,
\
, I
I0
I
I
;
1
500
0
10
20
Cr
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S c a n d ~ u m
30
60
90
100
Sc
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, unpublished
Cr-Se
ALomic P e r c e n t S e l e n i u n l
I
20
Cr
30
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t S e l e n i u m
80
90
100
Se
Detailed view of the Cr-Se phase diagram in the region 59.9 to
70.5 wt0Io Se
Atomic P e r c e n t S e l e n ~ u n l
W e ~ g h tPerrent S e l ~ n l u m
-.--.-.--,-
-- . -. .
-
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
60.3 t o -69.5
-61 t o -69.9
63.6 to 64.1
65.4 to 68.0
-69.0
69.3 to 69.7
69.9 to 70.4
70.8
75.3
-100
c12
hP4
hP4
mF60
m114
hP20
hRl0
m115
mF52
hP3
hP3
lm3m
Pbdmmc
P3ml
F2/m
12/m
~ 3 l c
R3
12/m
F?/m
P3ml
P3121
2.16OIBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-Si
A.B. Cokhale and C.J. Abbaschian, 1987
Atomic Percent Silicon
0
10
20
30
40
50
70
60
80
80
Composition,
nt% s i
I00
2000
Cr-Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1988
Atomic Percent Tin
Composition,
wt% Sn
(Cr)
(BW
(ah)
o to -4
-100
-100
Pearson
svmhol
E~OUU
Space
~12
I14
CF8
Im5m
Mllamd
Fd3m
Metastable phase
CrzSns
77 to 78
oF48
Fddd
251.Oea1.c
(Pd-.
0
0
Cr
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
Weight Percent Tin
A
80
l
3
00
.
C
100
Sn
Cr-Ta
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, 1987
Atomic Percent Tantalum
Composition,
Phpse
0 )
Cr2Ta(HT)
Cr2Ta(LT)
(Ta)
Cr
Weight Percent T a n t a l u m
Ta
wt% l h
Pearson
symbol
Space
WJUP
0 to -13
60 to 68
63 to 66
-90 to 100
c12
hP12
cF24
c12
lm3m
P631mmc
Fd3m
Im3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2a161
M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, unpublished
Phase
0 )
Cr _xTe
Cr3Te4(HT)
Cr3Te4(LT)
CrSTes-I(a)
Cr5Te8-II(a)
Cr2Te3
CrTe,
(Te)
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
73.1 to 73.8
-73.9 to -80.0
-76 to 77.5
78.4 to -78.9
-79.7 to -80.0
78.3 to 78.6
-88
-100
c12
hP4
mC14
lm3m
P63Immc
C2lm
...
...
mC26
C21m
p?cl (?)
P31c
P21/c
P3121
...
hP20
mP32
hP3
(a) Not shown in diagram
J.L. Murray, 1987
Cr-Ti
Atamlr P r r r e n t Chromium
-..,.20
.*..
10
40
+-. r
50
60
70
80
. ' . - - L - ~ - r ' .
. . 'I?.
Composition,
w t % Cr
I
Pearson
svmbol
Space
1r0uI)
(PTi,Cr)
(aTi)
aTiCr2
PTiCr,
yricr2
Metastable phase
1863''
1 :
101
TI
We~ghtPercent C h r o m ~ u m
(
r
M. Venkatraman, J.P. Neumann, and D.E. Peterson, 1985
Cr-U
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t U r a n l u m
Composition,
phase
(Cr)(a)
(W)(b)
(bu)(c)
(aW4
W ~ W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
99 to 100
c12
c12
lm3m
1m7m
99.8 to 100
-100
tP30
0c4
P42/mnm
cmcm
u
(a) Stable below 1863 "C. (b) Stable from 775 to 1135 "C. (c) Stable from 668 lo 775 "C. (d) Stable below
66%
500
0
Cr
10
20
30
40
50
60
Welght P e r c e n t U r a n i u m
70
80
90
lo(
U
2.1 62/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-V
J.F. Smith, 1989
Atomlc Percent C h r o m ~ u r n
1950
Composition,
wt% Cr
Phase
0
10
20
30
50
10
60
70
60
90
Cr
S.V. Nagender Naidu, A.M. Sriramamurthy, and P. Rama Rao,
1984
Cr-W
A t o m ~ cPercent Tungsten
3500
,,
,I' ,
,,' ,,I
,
,', ,,
,, ,,,
,',
*,
,,
Phme
I
3WO
,',
,'
L
e
:
4
.
,*
,
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
0
0
0 to 100
91
cF4
cI58
cP8
hP2
CIZ
tl*
FmSm
143m
PmSn
P6glmmc
1m5m
(W)(a)
(+r)(b)
,
I
U 2m-
Space
group
LM
Weight Percent C h r o m l u m
V
Pearson
symbol
,
(EC~)
(aCr,w)
CrW3(?)
...
(a) Above 1840 T . (b) Electrolytic
IWO
-
0
20
10
30
Cr
M
10
80
70
80
80
I
Weight Percent Tungsten
D. Arias and J.P. Abriata, 1986
Cr-Zr
A t o m ~ cPercent Chromium
LO
sasec '
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
so
LOO
'
Phase
Metastable phases
w
Zr
Weight Percent Chromium
Cr
Composition,
wt% Cr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
...
hP3
P?ml (P6/mmm?)
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*163
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Cs-Ce
A t o r n l c P e r c e n t Gernldniurrl
10
0
20
40
30
50
60
70
80
90
100
Wrlght Percent Germanium
Cs
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
Gt
From [Hansenl
Composition,
wt% ~g
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
A.D. Pelton and S. LaRose, 1990
Cs-In
Atonllc P e r c e n t C e s ~ u m
50
-+
---A
-.
800
Ll
60
70
80
YO
.------------ ..--.
.
L2
Ll +
L2
100
Phase
Composition,
~ 1 CS
%
Pearson
svmhol
Space
ZTOUD
2.1 64/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cs-K
C.W. Bale and A.D. Pelton, 1983
A t o m l c Percent P o t a s s i u m
Composition,
Phase
(Cs,K)
CsK2
Other reported phase
Cs6K7
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
37.0
cI2
hP2?
Im3m
?
...
...
K
wt%
...
-150
0
Cs
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight Percent P o t a s s i u m
M
90
IW
K
Cs-Na
C.W. Bale, 1982
Atomic Percent Sodlum
oo "
Phase
Cs
Weight Percent Sodlurn
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Na
Cs-0
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Atornlc Percent Oxygen
. . . . .L , . . . . !
O .,.
. , !i,
.
.
Composition,
o
phase
~ 1 %
(Cs)
Cs70
Cs40
Cs110da)
Cs30
CszO
CsO
CSZOJ
Cs02(LT)
CsOz(HT)(b)
-0
-1.7
3
-3.2
-4
-5.7
-10.7
-15
-19.4
-19.4
(a) Also reported as Cs702 (b) Above -200 "C
Pearson
symbol
d2
hP24
Space
group
Im3m
~6m2
...
...
mF'5 6
P21lc
...
...
hR3
018
cI28
t16
cF8
R3m
Immm
1z3d
I4lmmm
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2@165
C.W. Bale and A.D. Pelton, 1983
Atornlc Percent Rubldlum
Phase
Composition,
wt% Rb
Pearson
symbol
Phase
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
0
Cs
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight Percent Rubldlum
80
90
L M
Rb
Cs-S
From [Smithells]
A i o r n ~ c Percent Sulfur
Space
group
Weight Percent Sulfur
Cs-Sb
F.W. Dorn and W. Klemm, 1961
Atomtc Percent Antlmony
-
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2.1 66IBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cs-Se
,000
GOO
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cPercent Selenlum
I
0
c
20
...,.?
h
0
40
1
50
.
-
p
Phme
I0
20
30
40
50
GO
70
GO
274.C
:
80
100
Cs-Sn
10
20
Space
PrOUD
L.Z. Melenkov, S.P. Yatsenko, K.A. Chantonov, and Yu.N. Grin,
1987
Atomic Percent Tin
0
Pearson
symbol
0 )
Cs2Se
Cs3Se2
Cs5Se4
CsSe
Cs2Se3
Cs2Se5
(Se)
High-pressure phase
CszSe
770.C
0
Composition,
wt% Se
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1000
P ~ M
0 )
pCsSn
aCsSn
Cs2Sn3
CsSn2
Cs&46
(bsn)(a)
(aSn)(b)
Composition,
~ 1 SO
%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
d2
Im3m
47.2
47.2
57
64.1
84
-100
-100
...
...
t164
Mllacd
t14
cF8
PmSn
1411amd
~d3m
...
...
...
...
...
(a) Between 13 and 231.9681 "C. (b) Below 13 O C
Cs-Te
J.Sangster and A.D. Pelton, unpublished
Phme
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
lm3m
p212121
...
...
...
CmcZl
Cmcm
P21lc
(a) Might not exist. (b) Three allotropic forms have been reported to exist. If so, this is the structure of a
metastable high-temperature allotrope.
Cs
Weight Percent T e l l u r ~ u m
Te
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*167
CS-TI
V.D. Busmanov and S.P. Yatsenko, 1981
5W&u7T*
y-q
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T h a l l u m
30
40
50
M1
Composition,
Phase
(Cs)
aCs5T17
PCSST~~
Cs4T17
CsT13
(PW
wt% TI
0
68.3
68.3
62.9
82
100
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cI2
...
...
Im3m
...
...
...
...
...
...
hP2
cI2
P63lmmc
Im3m
. . . . .
Cs
Welght P e r c e n t T h a l l i u m
TI
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
A t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Dysproslurn
1500
0
20
10
Cu
40
30
50
80
70
80
Phase
Composition,
wt% Dy
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 )
PCWY
aCuSDy
C~ZDY
CuDy
(a'Dy)
(~DY)
0
-33.84
-33.84
-56.1
-72
100
100
100
cF4
hP6
cF24
0112
cP2
oC4
hP2
cI2
~m%m
P6lmmm
F43m
Imma
Pmjm
Cmcm
P631mmc
Im3m
90 100
DY
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Dysproslurn
Cu-Er
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t E r b ~ u r n
0
Cu
10
20
30
40
50
60
Welght P e r c e n t Erblurn
70
80
90
100
Er
Pbrse
Composition,
wt% Er
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 )
CuSEr
CuzEr
CuEr
(Ed
0
-34.49
-56.8
-73
100
cF4
cF24
0112
cP2
hP2
Fmjm
Fz3m
Imma
PmTm
P6dmmc
2.1 68/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cu-Eu
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
Atomic Percent Europium
Phase
Composition,
wt% E u
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
-35.24
-57.6
-73
-84.48
100
cF4
hP6
0112
oP8
of12
cI2
P6lmmm
Imma
Pnma
Pnma
Im3m
(Cu)
CU~EU
Cu2Eu
CuEu
CuEu2
(Eu)
o
10
m
ro
J,
Cu
so
70
60
aa
Weight Percent Europium
F
~
T
~
lm
Eu
Cu-Fe
L.J. Swartzendruber, 1992
Atomic Percent Copper
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
YO
1600
Phase
Composition,
~ 1 cu
%
(@e)
(YW
We)
0 )
0 to 7 . 6
0 to 13
o to 2.2
95.9 to 100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1638.1
1500
1400
13941
~12
cF4
~12
cF4
ImSm
F
~
T
~
1m3m
Fmym
1300
Y
1200
2
6
uoo
w
;
1000
w
9121
YO0
800
no700
600
0
10
20
30
Fe
40
50
60
70
80
Weight Percent Copper
00
100
Cu
Cu-Ca
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, unpublished
Atorn~c Percent Galhum
Phase
Composition,
wt% GU
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
...
P4lmmm
Cmca
(a) The number of atomslcell decreases from 52 to -47. as the Ga contents decrease from 32.0 to 44.6
~1%.
Cu
Weight Percent Galhum
- - -D
3
Ga
-
-"
\
(L*
*
-
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*169
P.R. Subrarnanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
0
Atomlc
20
10
Percent
G d d o l ~ n t u m
30
40
50
80
70
80
Composition,
wt% Gd
90 100
1400
Pearson
symbol
1000
L
a
d
m
v
E
crow
~m";m
Pnma
P6lmmm
F43m
lmma
~ m m
P63/mmc
lm5m
I200
Y
Space
so0
r
600
400
0
LO
20
30
C u
40
Weight
50
Percent
60
70
80
90
100
Cd
G a d o l ~ n ~ u m
Cu-Ge
1100
o
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1986
LO
20
A t o r n ~ c Percent C o p p e r
40
50
60
70
30
80
90
1000
600
v
2
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
...
cF8
114
c12
oP8
~d7m
14 l/amd
lm3m
Pmnm
70.8 to 71.3
72.3 to 74.4
73.7 to 74.4
79.6 to 87.1
87 to 100
900
U
Composition,
wt% Cu
700
(b)
...
W 2
cF4
P63/mmc
Fm3m
(4
...
O t h e r reported phase
m
75.6
600
(a) Also denoted as Cu3Ge. (b) Rhombohedral. (c) Also denoted as CuSGe. (d) Cubic
500
400
300
200
0
Ge
10
20
30
40
Welght
50
Percent
60
Copper
70
80
90
F
100
Cu
O.M. Barabash and Yu.N. Koval, 1986
Composition,
ha
(Cu)
wt%
H
0 to -0.003
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
FmTm
2.1 70/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
Atomic P e r c e n t Hafnlurn
0
10
70
30
10
50
60
70
60 80 I00
Phase
Composition,
wt% HI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -1.1
43.54
51.29
66.29
84.89
-99.7 t o 100
-98.4 to 100
cF4
hP68
oP44
oC68
t16
hP2
cI2
Fm3m
P6lm
Pnma
2200
0 )
C"slHf14
Cu8Hf3
Cu~dlf7
CuHf,
WHO
(pH0
Cu
Welght P e r c e n t H a f n ~ u r n
...
I4Imm
P63/mmc
Im3m
Hf
Cu-Hg
D.J. Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1985
Atomic P e r c e n t Mercury
0
10
I
20
7
30
0
0
10
50
"
P
a
2
Phase
0
)
u(a)
(aHg)
(PHg)
(?'Him)
Composition,
wt% Hg
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to ?
73
100
100
100
cF4
hR52
hR 1
tI2
FtnTm
R3m
R3m
I4Immm
...
...
I!TOUP
(a) Composition of the y phase corresponds to stoichiomeuy Cu7Hg6. (b) Formed from aHg by suaininduced (martensitic) transformation at 4.2 K, reverting to aHg at 50 K
-
100
-200
0
10
20
Cu
30
40
50
60
70
80
SO
100
Welght P e r c e n t Mercury
Hg
H. Okamoto, 1991
Atomic P e r c e n t I n d i u m
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
60
SO
100
Phase
120C
0
1081.87l
P
Y
IOOC
b-'
6
"rl"
80C
m
3
Cul lIn9
d
m
)
600
(In)
a
:
400
700
0
Cu
Welght P e r c e n t l n d ~ u m
In
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 t o 18.1
28.47 t o 37.0
40.9 to 45.2
42.52 t o 44.3
cF4
cI2
cP52
aP40
~~3~
hP4
hP6
P63lmmc
P6glmmc
oL*
mC20
t12
c2/m
141mm
47.00 t o 52.3
49.5 to 52.3
-59
-loo
1m3m
Pa3m
Pi
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsf2.171
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1987
Atomlc
Percent
lrldlum
Phase
(cu)
(11)
Composition,
wt% Ir
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -21
-97.8 to 100
cF4
cF4
Fmm
Fmsm
(W0
10
20
Cu
30
40
50
60
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t
80
70
90
100
Ir
lr~d~urn
Cu-La
H. Okamoto, 1991
Atornlc P e r c e n t
0
10
2
1
20
Lanthanum
30
0
40
50
60
70
80
0
90
100
0
Phase
Composition,
wt% La
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
...
Pnma
...
P6/mmm
14m2
P6/mmm
Pnma
1m5m
FmSm
P6glmmc
(a) Below -227 "C
Cu
Welght P e r c e n t
La
Lanthanum
A.D. Pelton, 1986
A t o m ~ cPercent
0
40 50 60
120ofLULC.J---i
70
L ~ t h ~ u m
90
*
.---
80
100
95
---.---- j
Phase
(a) Below -193 'C
0
Cu
10
20
30
40
Welght
50
Percent
60
Llthlum
70
80
90
100
LI
Composition,
wt% Li
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2.1 72lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cu-Mg
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Magnesium
1200
Composition,
wt% Mg
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 2.77
15 to 18
43.4
100
cF4
cF24
oF48
hP2
~mTm
FdTm
Fddd
P6slmmc
Cu-Mn
N.A. Gokcen, unpublished
Atornlc P e r c e n t Manganese
0
10
20
30
so
40
80
70
80
80
100
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
85.8 to 100
99.5 to 100
99.7 to 100
cF4
c12
cP20
c15 X
Fmm
Im3m
P4132
Iz3m
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Disordered
300
0
10
20
30
Cu
40
50
60
70
80
90
Weight P e r c e n t Manganese
100
Mn
H. Okamoto, 1991
Atornlc P e r c e n t N ~ o b ~ u r n
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Phase
Cu
Welght P e r c e n t N ~ o b ~ u r n
Nb
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.173
Enlargement of the Cu-rich portion of the Cu-Nb system
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t N ~ o b ~ u m
0 05
0
01
0 25
015
1078
Cu
Weight P e r c e n t Niobium
Cu-Nd
P.R. Subrarnanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
0
10
1200
Atomlc P e r c e n t Neodymlum
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 I00
Phme
0 )
Cu6Nd
CuSNd
CulNd
Cu2Nd
CuNd
(PNd)
(aNd)
1000
U
600
0
3
m
800
Composition,
wt% Nd
Pearson
symbol
0
-27.45
-3 1.23
-36.2
-53.1
-69
100
100
cF4
oP28
hP6
...
0112
oP8
c12
hP4
Space
group
F
~
S
~
Pnma
P6lmmm
Pnnm
Imma
Pnma
Im3m
P63lmmc
u0.
2
C
400
200
0
0
10
40
50
80
70
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Neodymium
20
30
Cu
80
90
100
Nd
Cu-Ni
D.J. Chakrabarti, D.E. Laughlin, S.W. Chen, and Y.A. Chang,
1991
Atomic P e r c e n t Nlckel
1600
Phme
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
(CuN)
0 to 100(a)
cF4
55.C
(a) Above 354.5 "C
01
354.5.C
65.5
zoo
Cu
- - --------
----
Weight P e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
---
^
-_
"
N1
Space
group
F
~
S
~
2.1 74/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
J.P. Neumann, T. Zhong, and Y.A. Chang, 1984
Cu-0
10
20
A t o m i c P e r c e n t Oxygen
30
40
Composition,
JO
wt%
o
0 t o 0.008
11.2
20
15.9
(cu)
Cuzo(a)
CuO(b)
Cu403(c)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
cP6
mC8
?I28
Fmm
~ n
...
h
I4lmcm
(a) K or cuprile. (b) 7 or tenorite. (c) Additional possible phase, n or paramelaconite
------.
-.
5
0
10
15
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Oxygen
Cu
20
Solubility of 0 in (Cu)
Cu-0 stability diagram
Atomic P e r c e n t Oxygen
77051 l
mwwc
IMUIF
Y
1050-
.
01
3
.
+
m
a
$
C
1
850-
(Cu) + cu2o
850
Cu
Weight P e r c e n t Oxygen
H. Okamoto, 1990
cu-P
0
1200
10
20
30
40
Atomic Percent P h o s p h o r u s
50
80
70
80
90
Composition,
wi% P
100
(a) Not shown in the diagram
Cu
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t P h o s p h o r u s
P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.175
Cu-Pb
D.J. Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1984
Atornlc Percent Lead
Composition,
Phase
WI%
~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
L
tuux.-oc
/
-
m.4
(a) Metastable solid solubility may extend up to 10.0 to 12.0 wt% Pb. (b) Above 10.3 GPa
0
Weight Percent Lead
Cu
Pb
CU-Pd
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1991
Atomic Percent Palladium
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
00
0
phase
1
1600
1551:
(Cu,Pd)
Cu,Pd (a')
Cu3Pd (a")
ID-LPS
2D-LPS
CuPd (PI
Cu
Welght Percent Palladium
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
-12.1 to -32
cF4
cP4
F ~
Pmm
-26 to -39
-28 to -43
-49 to -60
fP28
...
cP2
P4mm
S
~
...
PmSm
Pd
Cu-Pt
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, unpublished
A t o m ~ cPercent P l a t l n u m
Composition,
~ t ~t
%
-.1.7
1788.
Cu
--
Composition,
wt% ~d
- - ----
We~ght Percent P l a t l n u m
--
-
-
(Cu,Pt)
Cu,Pt
ID-LPS
CuPt
Cu3Pt5
CuPt,
CuPt,
Pt
-
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2.1 76/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cu-Pu
A ~ O ~ IPercent
C
0
20
10
V.I. Kutaitsev, N.T. Chebotarev, I.C. Lebedev, M.A. Andrianov,
V.N. Konev, and TS. Menshikova, 1967
~luton~urn
30
40
50
60 70 80 90100
1200
Composition,
wt% PU
Phase
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmm
...
...
...
Imma
Im3m
I4lmmm
FmTm
Fddd
C21m
P21lm
.........................
(mu)
t Plutonium
Pu
Cu-Rh
D.J. Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1982
Atornlc Percent R h o d i u m
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
cF4
Fm3m
Ym
0
1
Cu
0
2
0
3
0
4
O
J
O
B
O
7
Weight Percent R h o d i u m
0
8
0
9
0
1
M
Rh
Enlargement of the CU-S diagram from 0 to 160 OC
Cu-s
Atomic P e r c e n t S u l f u r
34
Atomic Percent Sulfur
35
38
37
1600
0
20.220.22
i.
2
4
6
80
e,
a
$
c
60
(Cu)
+ aCh
Weight P e r c e n t S u l f u r
Cu
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S u l f u r
(continued)
S
-- -
7
-
. .
r,,I"iF
- 7
!
'
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*177
Cu-saturated boundary of digenite
32
1200
.'. . . . .
1000:
L
!
.
33
.
!
.
.
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1983
Atomlc Percent Sulfur
34
35
.
.
I
.
.
, . . .'. . . . . .
,
36
!
.
. . .
37
Composition,
wt% S(Cu/S)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(cu)
a chalcocite (aCu2S)
p chalcocite (PCu2S)
Djurleite ( C U - ~ . ~ ~ S )
0 to 0.012
20.14 to 20.01
20.14 to 20.22
20.4 to 20.69
cF4
mP 144(?)
hP6
oP380(?)
Digenite (CuZ4S)
Anilite(C~~,,~S)
Covellite (CuS)
(s)
20.14 to 22.24
22.38 k 0.03
33.5
-100
cF12
oP44(?)
hP12
oF128
mP48
hR6
~m3m
p21/c
P631mmc
Pmnm
PZlnm(?)
Pmn;?
Fm3m
Pnma
P631mmc
Fddd
P2 d a
R3
20.4 ( I.OO)(a)
20.5 (0.999)(b)
20.5 (0.999)
...
...
tP12
P43212
20.7 to 22.4
(0.98 to 0.89)
21.99 to 22.22
(0.91 1 to 0.899)(c)
...
...
...
R7m
26.5 f 1.4
(0.71 f 0.5)
...
...
...
...
...
Pa3(?)
Phsse
. ' ,
1087.C
Dg
600-I
U
I
G,
(Cu) + Dg
3
+
a
600
l
a
5
"
435.C
400-
Metastable phases
Protodjurleite
Tetragonal
Hexagonal-tetragonal
Cu,S
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S u l f u r
Low digenite (aDg)
Blaubleibender
covellite I
Blaubleibender
covellite I1
CuSz
31.6 f 1.95 (0.6
0.1)
50.23 (0.3)
(a) At 75 "C. (b) At 93 "C. (c) ~t 25
+
T
Cu-Sb
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t A n t l m o n y
20
30
40
50
Composition,
Penrson
Space
group
0 to 10.6
cF4
oF16
hP2
hP?
oP8
hP26
tP6
hR2
Fm7m
0
10
60
70
80
90 100
wt% Sb
symbol
f
Phsse
1200O
0
)
P
5
-26.0 to 26.7
30.3 to 32
-36.1 to 39.4
-34. l to 34.5
rl
(Sb)
-47.4 to 48.9
-100
Y
6
E
30.755.C
0
Cu
10
20
30
40
Welght
50
Percent
60
70
Antlmony
80
90
100
Sb
3 1.6 to 46.0
~~3~
P631mmc
P63lmmc
Pmmn
P?
P4lnmm
R3m
2.1 78lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cu-Se
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1981
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t S e l e n ~ u m
ISM
Phw
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
FmTm
...
Fmsm
~ 3 2 ~ m
P6glmmc
...
P6jlmmc
Pnnm
P3i21
(a) Monoclinic. (b) Homogeneity range at room temperature. 0.18 < x 5 0.22, and at 500 'C. x = 0 to -0.26
Cu
Weight P e r c e n t S e l e n i u m
Se
Cu-Si
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1986
Atomic P e r c e n t Copper
1500
0
~hnse
Composition,
wt% Cu
Pearson
symbol
Space
wow
,loo
0,
i
1000
4
0,
L
g
800
800
700
800
(a) Also denoted CugSi. (b) Orthorhombic. (c) Rhombobedral. (d) Also denoted Cu15Si4 (e) Cubic. (f)
Tetragonal. (g) Also denoted CusSi. (h) Also denoted Cu7Si. (j) Onginally denoted q'
500
400
Si
Weight P e r c e n t Copper
Cu
Cu-Sn
N. Saunders and A.P. Miodownik, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t Tin
I200
o
10
eo
30
40
50
80
70
80
80
loo
Phw
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
FmTm
Im3m
F m m
F43m
P63
Cmcm
P63lmmc
...
I4llamd
Fdsm
Note: Lattice parameter data can be found in [Pearson31. (a) Hexagonal; superlattice based on NiAs-type
structure
Cu
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Tin
Sn
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*179
Cu-Sr
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1984
Atomic Percent Strontium
I0
0
Phase
Composition,
w t % Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
100
c12
Im5m
Pressure-stabilized form
BSr or Sr-11
Cu-Te
H. Okamoto, unpublished
Atomic Percent Tellurium
Phrse
1600
0 )
CuzTe group
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
L'
M
Cu
Welght Percent T e i l u r ~ u m
Te
Details of the Cu-Te phase diagram from 49.7 to 53.6 wt0Io Te
Atomic Percent 'I'elluriurn
Weight Percent Tellurium
N
CuTe
(Te)
High-pressure phase
CuTez
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
cF2
FmTm
50 to 53.6
50 to 52.99
50.4 to 52.5
50.46 to 51.1
50.3 to 50.46
5 1.0 to 52
51.3 to 51.6
52.12 to 53.1
52.23 to 52.88
52.23 to 52.6
52.9 to 53.3
54 to 58
55 to 58
58 to 59
57 to 58.8
67
100
cF12
hP6
hP*
o* *
o**
o* *
o**
hP72
FdTm
P6/mmm
hP *
hP22
tP6
...
...
...
oP4
hP3
...
P3ml
P4lnmm
...
50.1
cP12
Pa3
...
...
...
...
...
...
P3ml
...
...
...
Pmmn
P3i21
201 82/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cu-Zn
A.P. Miodownik, unpublished
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Zinc
Phase
a or (Cu)
P
P'
Y
S
E
9 or (Zn)
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
0 to 38.95
36.8 to 56.5
45.5 to 50.7
57.7 to 70.6
73.02 to 76.5
78.5 to 88.3
97.25 to 100
cF4
cI2
cP2
cI52
hP3
hP2
hP2
Space
group
F ~ T ~
1m3m
PmTm
143m
~6
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
100
Weight P e r c e n t Zinc
Cu
Zn
Cu-Zr
D. Arias and J.P. Abriata, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Z ~ r c o n i u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pear son
symbol
Space
UP
-
Fm3m
P4/m
P6/m
Pnma
...
Pmm
I4/m-nm
Im3m
P63Immc
(a) Tetragonal long-period superlattice derived from the AuBe5-type structure
Weight Percent Z ~ r c o n ~ u m
Dy-Fe
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent D y s p r o s ~ u m
Phase
1500
14W
U
0
1300
w
Y
m
d
g
1202
D
1,-
low
900
8W
0
Fe
10
20
30
40
Weight Per
60
70
Dysprosium
80
90
Composition,
wt% Dy
Pearsoo
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*179
Cu-Sr
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1984
Atornlc Percent S t r o n t l u r n
Composition,
w t % Sr
Pearson
Space
Phase
symbol
group
(CU)
CusSr
CuSr
@Sr)
(asr)
0
21.62
58.0
100
100
cF4
hP6
hP8(?)
c12
cF4
Fmm
P6/mmm
P63lmmc
Im3m
Fm3m
0
Pressure-stabilized f o r m
Cu-Te
H. Okamoto, unpublished
Atomic P e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u m
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Phace
0)
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
0
cF2
Fm?m
50 to 53.6
50 to 52.99
50.4 to 52.5
50.46 to 51.1
50.3 to 50.46
5 1.0 to 52
51.3 to 51.6
52.12 to 53.1
52.23 to 52.88
52.23 to 52.6
52.9 to 53.3
54 to 58
55 to 58
58 to 59
57 to 58.8
67
100
cF12
hP6
hP *
o* *
o* *
FdTm
P61mmm
...
o**
of *
...
hP72
P3ml
group
CuzTe group
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
L'
M
N
CuTe
(Te)
...
...
...
...
...
...
hP *
hP22
tP6
...
P3ml
P4lnmm
...
...
...
...
oP4
hP3
Pmmn
P3,21
cP12
Pa3
...
High-pressure phase
CuTe2
Details of the Cu-Te phase diagram from 49.7 to 53.6
A t o m ~ cPercent T e l l u r ~ u r n
We~ghtPercent Tellurium
wt0/0
Te
50.1
201 80/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
D.J. Chakrabarti, D.E. Laughlin, and D.E. Peterson, 1986
Phase
Composition,
wt% Th
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fm%n
Pnma
P6/m
P6lmm
Cmcm
Mlycm
Im3m
FmTm
(Cu)
Cu,Th
Cu3.6Th
Cu2Th
CuTh(b)
CuThz
(PTh)
(aTh)
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Metastable
Cu
Welght P e r c e n t T h o r l u m
Th
J.L. Murray, 1987
Cu-Ti
A t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Copper
Composition,
~ 1 cu
%
(aTi)
@Ti)
TizCu
TiCu
Ti3Cu4
Ti2Cu3
TiCuz
TiCu4
aTiCu4
(Cu)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P63Immc
ImTm
I4/mm
P4/nmm
I4/mmm
P4/nmm
Amm2
Pnma
14/m
Fm3m
Metastable phases
TiCu3
B"
TI
Welght P e r c e n t Copper
Cu
Transformation of $Tic114 t,aTiCu4
Atornlc P e r c e n t Copper
Weight P e r c e n t Copper
Cu
Pmnm
P41mmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.181
D.J.Chakrabarti and D.E. Laughlin, 1984
Atomic Percent Thallium
lua
Phme
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-
(cu)
(aTU
(PTO
cF4
-
0 to 0.89
loo
100
hp2
c12
Fm3m
P6glmmc
Im5m
100
cF?
...
Pressure-stabilized phase
0
Cu
Weight Percent Thallium
T1
J.F. Smith and O.N. Carlson, 1989
A t o m i c Percent Copper
2 m
Phme
Composition,
wt% CU
Pearson
symbol
Space
ErOUD
0
0
10
30
20
V
40
50
60
10
Weight Percent Copper
BO
90
LM
Cu
P.R. Subramanian and D.E. Laughlin, 1988
I200
0
10
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Y t t e r b ~ u r n
20
30
10
50
60
70 80 SO I00
Phme
Composition,
wt% Yb
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUD
-
0 )
Cu,Yb
CuzYb
CuYb
(YY~)
( W )
(aYb)
0
-35.26
-57.6
-73.1
100
-99.99 to 100
100
cF4
hP6
011 2
oP8
c12
cF4
hP 2
~~3~
P6lmmm
Imma
Pnma
Im3m
F ~ S
P6dmmr
~
201 82/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
A.P. Miodownik, unpublished
Cu-Zn
Atomlc P e r c e n t Z ~ n c
100
10
0
20
30
Cu
40
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t Zinc
80
70
00
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
1200
Space
group
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -0.172
24.18
28.27
34.99
50.13
58.9
74.17
-97.8 to 100
-99.86 to 100
cF4
tP24
hP65
oP44
oC68
cP2
t16
c12
hP2
FmJm
P41m
P6/m
Pnma
100
Zn
D. Arias and J.P. Abriata, 1990
Cu-Zr
1300
Pearson
symbol
0
20
10
Atomic P e r c e n t Zirconium
30
40
50
60
80
70
80
100
i
0 )
Cugzrda)
cu51zr14
Cu8Zr3
ChoZr7
CuZr
CuZrz
(PZr)
(aW
...
Pmm
I4/m-m
Im3m
P63/mmc
(a) Tetragonal long-period superlattice derived from the AuBe5-type structure
Weight P e r c e n t Z l r c o n ~ u m
Cu
Zr
H. Okamoto, 1992
Dy-Fe
Atornlc Percent D y s p r o s l u m
16W
0
..
0
Fe
20
10
10
20
30
40
--.--I
30
50
60
70
-
80 90 1
Phase
40
Dv
Weight Percent Dysprosium
-
--t
-
Composition,
wt% Dy
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.183
Dy-Ga
From [Moffattl
Atamkc
10
20
L __TII
-T--T
Dysprosium
Percent
30
,
40
50
60
70
,
I
60
_..f...
L
90 190
1
i
phase
L;y:
yGa3Dy
PGa3Dy
aGalDy
GazDy
G~DY
Ga3Dys
(PDY)
(~DY)
Composition,
wt% DY
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
28.0
0
44
44
44
53.8
70.0
79.5
100
100
oC8
tP14
cP4
hP40
hP16
hP3
oC8
1/32
c12
hP 2
Cmca
P4/n_bm
Pm3m
P631mmc
~ 3 m
P61mmm
Cmcm
Mlmcm
Im3m
P6slmmc
........ -.....
10
20
30
Ga
40
50
60
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t
70
60
90
100
Dv
Dyspros~um
Dy-Ge
V.N. Eremenko, V.G. Batalin, Yu.1. Buyanov, and I.M.
Obushenko, 1977
,n
100
4
I
Phase
(PDY)
(aDy)
DysGe3
DysGe4
DyGe
yDy2Ge3
PDy2Ge3
aDy,Ge?
DYG,
R;
DyGe2
DyCe2.84
(Ge)
(a) High-temperature (>750
.-.
40
30
50
W e ~ g h t Percent
60
70
Compos~t~on,
wt% Ge
0
0
-21 4
26 3
30 9
40
40
40
45.0
47.2
56
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
hP2
hP16
oP36
oC8
Im5m
P6jImmc
P63/mcm
Pnma
Cmcm
hP3
P6lmmm
...
1/12
o**(a)
...
hR2
T)phase?
. . , ....--90
GO
Germanium
I00
(;P
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic
10
20
30
40
50
Percent
60
Indium
70
60
QO
100
Phise
Dy2In
D~5In3
DyIn
Dy3Ins
D Y ~
(In)
Composition,
wt% I n
19
26.1
29.8
37 to 4
54.1
68
100
(a) Not accepted in the assessed d ~ a g r a m
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t
lndlum
In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
P6jlmmc
P41mmm
P6jlmmc
I4I~cm
Pm3m
Cmcm
Pm7m
I4lmmm
20184/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Dy-Mn
H.R. Kirchmayr and W. Lugscheider, 1967
Atomic Percent Manganese
Phase
1600
(my)
(aDy)
DYMn2
D~6Mnz3
DyMn12
(6Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
W e ~ g h t Percent Manganese
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
40.4
56.4
80.2
100
100
loo
loo
cl2
hP2
cF24
cF116
1126
ImTm
P63Immc
Fdxm
Fm3m
14Im-mm
Im3m
~m3m
P4]32
IZ3m
CIZ
cF4
CP~O
~ 185
Mn
Dy-Ni
Y.Y. Pan and P. Nash, 1991
Atornlc Percent N ~ c k e l
0 10 20
30
40
50
60
1600 ~ - r L . . . ~ ~ C r A - - - , - . I . . . . . . . . ~ . - ,
70
.-
80
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(~DY)
(DY)
(~'DY)
Dy3Ni
D~3Niz
DyNi
DyNi2
DyNi3
D~zNi7
0
0
0
10.7
19.4
26.5
42.0
52.0
55.9
~12
hP2
0c4
opt6
mC2O
oP8
cF24
hRL4
hR.54
hP36
1m3m
P63lmmc
cmcm
Pnma
C2lm
Pbcm
F<3m
R*
R3m
P631mmc
DyNi4
59.1
61
64.3
75.5
100
...
Phnse
D~4Ni~7
DyNiS
D ~ ~ N i ~ 7
(NO
(a)
...
...
...
hP6
hP38
cF4
P63lmmm
P63l~mc
Fm3m
Low-temwratureform. (b) High-temwrature form
Welght P e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
Dy-Pb
O.D. McMasters, T.J. O'Keefe, and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., 1968
Atomlc Percent Lead
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phme
Composition,
wt% Ph
Pearson
symbol
Space
woup
c12
hP2
hP16
oP36
Im3m
P63lmmc
P63lmcm
Pnma
...
...
...
...
cP4
cF4
Prnm
~ m
b
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.185
Dy-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t P a l l a d i u m
2
0
0
10
0
20
0
7
30
7
40
50
60
70
80
-
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pd
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
P a l l a d ~ u m
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atornlc P c r c e n t
Sulfur
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1m3m
P631mmc
Fm3m
C2/m
1T3d
Pnma
...
FdTm
Fddd
0
4
, , , , ,
10
15
3
8
I--*-T-d
25
20
Welght P e r c e n t
Sulfur
Dy-Sb
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t A n t ~ m o n y
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
wow
2.1 86lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Dy-Sn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Tin
1600
Phw
(PDY)
(~DY)
DY&
DYsSn3
D~sSn4
DYIIS~IO
DySn
DY&
Dy4Sn7
DYS~Z
DySn4
(PSn)
(aSn)
High-pressure phase
DySns
Composition,
wt% Sn
o
0
26.7
30.5
36.8
39.9
42.2
45.1
56.1
59.4
75
100
100
69
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
CI?
1m3~
P631mmc
hP2
...
...
hP16
of36
tI84
P631mcm
Pnma
14lmmm
...
...
...
0~12
...
...
...
cm~m
...
114
CF8
1411amd
~d3m
cP4
Pmm
DY
Dy-Te
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Tellurium
0
I0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
WY)
o
(~DY)
DyTe
DY 3%
Dy4Te.l
DY&
0
44.0
51.1 t o 54
57.8
63.8
68.3
100
d2
hP2
cFX
1m3m
P631mmc
FmTm
~ddd
P4lnmm
Phase
2000
D~4Tell
(Td
Other phases
DYzT%
DYTe3
66.2
70
OFSO
tP6
...
...
...
...
hP3
P3,21
oC28
oC16
tP16
Cmcm
Cmcm
P4dn
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Atomic Percent Thallium
Phase
1600
(PDY)
(~DY)
DYzT'
DY~T'~
Dy5T13+,
DyTKa)
DyTKb)
DY3Th
DYT~
(P'W
(aT1)
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -6
0 to ?
-38 t o -39
-43 to -44
c12
hP2
hP6
hP16
tI32
Im3m
P63lmmc
P63/mmc
P63/mcm
I4/m_cm
Pm2m
Im3m
P4/mmm
Cmcm
pm3m
ImTm
P6glmmc
?
55 t o -59
-55 to -59
-67 t o -68
79
100
100
C P ~
(or '212)
tP2
oC32
cp4
cI2
hP2
(a) Cubic structure presumed to be room- and higher temperature phases. (b) Tetragonal structure
presumed to be lower temperature phase
Welght Percent Thallium
TI
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*187
J . Croni, C.E. Armantrout, and H. Kato, 1960
Dy-Zr
Atomic Percent Z ~ r c o n l u m
0
LO
20
30
50
40
70
60
90
80
0
DY
10
20
30
40
50
Phase
,
a00
60
70
W e l ~ h tPercent Zlrconlurn
80
90
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
IW
Zr
H. Okamoto, 1992
Er-Fe
Phase
Composition,
wt% Er
Pearson
symbol
c12
cF4
c12
hP38
cF116
hR12
cF24
hP2
Space
group
lm5m
~ m m
1m7m
P6glymr
Fm3m
R3"
Fd3m
P63lmmc
H. Okamoto, 1990
Er-Ga
Atorn~c Percent C r b l u m
20
30
40
Phase
(Ga)
G%Er
Ga,Er
GazEr
Ga5Er3
GaEr
Ga3Er5
(Er)
Composition,
wi% Er
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
28.6
44
54.5
59.0
70.6
80.0
100
oC8
tP14
cP4
hP 3
oP32
oC8
hP16
hP2
Cmca
P4/ybm
Pm3m
P61mmm
Pnma
Cmcm
P63Imcm
P6slmmc
20188/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Er-Ge
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cPercent Germanium
0
LO
20
30
50
60
70
60
90
2000
Phase
(Er)
Er5Ge3
Er5Ge4
ErllGe10
Effie
EqGes
PErzGes
aEr2Ge3
"~Effiez
PErGe2
aEffie2
Effie3,
(Ge)
Composition,
w1% Ge
Pearson
symbol
group
0
-20.7
25.7
28.3
30.3
35.2
hP2
hP16
of36
r184
oC8
P6jlmmc
P6jlmcm
Pnma
141mmm
Cmcm
39
39
46.5
46.5
46.5
55
100
hP3
P6lmmm
oCl6
cF8
Composition,
wt% I n
Penrson
symbol
0 to 5
hP2
d2
hP6
hP16
cP2
oC32
cP4
112
...
...
...
Space
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
C222,
Fdlm
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Indium
0
1
10
20
30
6
40
50
60
70
0
80
0
80
1
Phase
0
(aEr)
"(PEr)"
ErtIn
Er51n3
ErIn
Er31n5
ErIn3
(In)
Weight Percent l n d ~ u m
? t o 15
25.5
29.2 to 36
40.7
53.4
67
100
Space
group
P63lmmc
Im5m
P63lmmc
P631n~rn
Pm3m
Cmgm
Pm3m
1
4
~
~
In
Er-Mn
H.R. Kirchmayr and W. Lugscheider, 1967
Atomic Percent Manganese
Phase
Er
1
Weight Percent Manganese
Mn
Composition,
wt% M n
Pearson
symbol
Space
erouu
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.189
Y.Y. Pan and P. Nash, 1991
Er-Ni
Atornlc P e r c e n t N l c k e l
0
10 20
30 40
50
60
70
A-+-L-Ld&--Cv-------*
80
90
100
Phe
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
P6jlmmc
Pnma
(Er)
Er,Ni
Er3Ni2
ErNi
ErNi2
ErNi,
ErzNi7
ErNi,
Er4Ni17
Er5Niz2
ErNiS
Er2Ni,,
(Ni)
1600
.
.
Er
.
.
Space
group
~3
Pnma
~ 6 m
R3"
R3m
P6jlmmc
...
...
P6lmmm
P63/ymc
Fm3m
.
N1
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
H. Okamoto, 1991
Er-Pd
Atornlc P e r c e n t P a l l n d ~ u r n
0
10
1800 - 4 - 4 .
20
10
40
50
60
70
80
-+.~I---__C_-,---'..--
.--+
100
90
Phme
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) Sim~larityto SmlOPdZl1s assumed.
Er
Welght P e r c e n t P a l l a d ~ u m
Pd
H. Okamoto, 1990
Er-Pt
Aiamlc Percent P l a t l n u m
60
70
80
00
100
Phme
(Er)
Er,Pt
Er2Pt
Er5Pt3
Er5Pt4
ErPt
Er,Pt4
ErPt,
ErPt,
ErPt,
(Pt)
U
2
2
m
e
+5
Er
Weight P e r c e n t P l a t l n u m
Pt
Composition,
wt% Pt
0
28
36.8
41.2
48.2
53.8
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
oP16
oP12
hP16
oP36
oP8
P63lmmc
Pnma
Pnma
P63Imcm
Pnma
Pnma
2.1 90/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Er-Ru
H. Okarnoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cPercent Ruthenium
0
10
20
30
8
1
40
50
70
60
0
80
90
0
100
8
Phase
(Er)
Er3Ru
Er5Ru2
Er44Ruz5
Er3Ru2
ErRu2
(Ru)
Composition,
wt% Ru
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
17
19.5
25.4
29
54.8
100
hP2
of16
mC28
oP276
hPlO
hP12
hP2
P63Immc
Pnma
C2Ic
Pnma
P63Im
P63lmmc
P6dmmc
Er-Se
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Selenium
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Phlse
2000
1
(Er)
ErSe
Er2Se3
PErSe2
aErSe2
(Se)
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
32.1
38.6 to 42
48.6
48.6
100
hP2
cF8
oF8O
oC132
0112
hP3
P631mmc
Fm3m
Fddd
Cmma
Immm
P3121
Weight
Er-Te
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Phlse
Composition,
wt% Te
(Er)
0
ErTe
43.3
Er2Te3
53
ErTe3
70
(Te)
100
High-temperature, high-pressure phase
ErTez
60.4
Er
Weight Percent Tellurium
Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP 2
cF8
oF80
oc16
hP 3
P631pmc
Fm3m
Fddd
Cmcm
P3121
tP6
P4lnmm
..".---"--",-"
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*191
J.L. Murray, 1987
Er-Ti
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t E r b ~ u m
Composition,
wt% Er
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1320 i 20%
Welght P e r c e n t Erbium
TI
Er
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Atomic P e r c e n t Thalllum
Composition,
w t l TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
hP16
t132
cP2
(or cI2)
rP2
oC32
cP4
cI2
hP2
P63fmmc
P6glmcm
Mlmcm
pm3m
lm3m
P4lmmm
Cym
Pm3m
1m3m
P6jlmmc
(a) Cubic structure presumed to be rwm-temperature and higher temperature phases. (b) Tetragonal
ssucture presumed to be lower temperature phase
Er
Weight P e r c e n t T h a l h u m
T1
S.P. Yatsenko, B.G. Semenov, and K.A. Chuntonov, 1978
Eu-Ga
Atomic P e r c e n t Gdlliurrl
10
20
30
40
50
.A-,+.--*.,.-L--.+-.+.+
60
70
..,-
80
+
-..-
,--...-..
90
1
1
Phw
Composition,
wt% G a
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1m3m
...
...
...
P6lmmm
Imma
...
14/mmm
Cmca
(a) Hexagonal structure presumed to be lower temperature phase. (b) Cubic structure presumed to be higher
temperature phase
Weight Percent Gailium
............
-----
.--
.......
Ga
............
.,
2.1 92IBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Eu-Ge
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1991
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
Cmcm
...
...
...
...
P?m 1
Fdsm
(a) Hexagonal structure
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atornlc Percent l n d ~ u m
0
10
20
40
30
50
80
70
80
SO
100
Phnse
(Eu)
PEu21n
aEu21n
EuIn
EuIn2
EuIn,
(In)
Eu
Composition,
wt% I n
0
27.4
27.4
43.0
60.1
Pearson
symbol
c12 )
..
.. .
...
Space
group
ImTm
...
...
...
100
hP6
.. .
tl2
Composition,
wt% Eu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
42.3
55.6
61
75.7
86.2
100
hP2
hP38
hP36
hP90
hP12
cP2
c12
P63lmmc
P631mmc
P63/mmc
P63lmmc
P63lpmc
Pm2m
Im3m
75.1
P63lmmc
...
I4lmmm
In
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t l n d ~ u m
Eu-Mg
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Europium
0
9
10
0
20 0
30
40
50 60 70800
Phase
I'C
(Mg)
Mgt7E~~
MgsEu
Mg4Eu
Mg2Eu
Mg Eu
(EN
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.193
O.D. McMasters and K.A. Gschneidner, jr., 1967
Eu-Pb
Atomlc P e r c e n l Lead
phase
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearsun
symbol
Space
group
(Eu)
EuzPb
Eu5Pb3
PEuPb
aEuPb(a)
EuPb3
(Pb)
0
-40 to 40.5
45.0
-57.7
-57.7
80
100
el2
oP12
1/32
1m5m
Pnma
I4/mcm
...
tP2
cP4
cF4
...
P4Immm
pmzm
Fm3m
(a) Crystal structure data might be for PEuPb.
Eu
Welght P e r c e n t Lead
Ph
H. Okamoto, 1990
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
(Eu)
Eu5Pd2
Eu3Pd2
EuPd
EuPd2
EuPd3
EuPd5
EuPd,
(Pd)
0
21.8
32
41.2
58.4
68
77.7
-83.1
-86 to 100
c12
mC28
hR15
oC8
...
cP4
0*72
c**
cF4
Phme
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
13
34.0
46
50.6
7 0 to 78
81.8
86.5
100
c12
cF *
mC28
hR15
oP36
cF24
hP36
o**
cF4
lm3m
...
C2jc
R3
Pnma
Fd3m
P63/mmc
...
Fm3m
phase
Space
group
Im3m
C2jc
R3
Cmcm
...
~m3m
...
...
F ~ J
~
A. landelli and A. Palenzona, 1981
(Eu)
Eu,Pt
Eu5Pt2
Eu3Pt2
EuSPt4
EuPt?
Eu2Pt7
EuPt5
(Pt)
2.1 94/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Eu-Te
O.A. Sadovskaya and E.I. Yarembash, 1970
Atamlc Percent Tellurium
Phase
03
EuTe
Eu4Te,
Eu3Te,
(Te)
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
46 t o 52.8
59.5
66
100
c12
cF8
Im3m
Fm?m
.. .
...
hP3
P3121
...
...
(W-
Eu
Fe-Ca
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Galllum
Phase
We)
We)
a'
a"
a"'
PFe3Ga
aFe,Ga
PFe6Ga5
aFe6Ga5
FegGal
FeGa3
(aGa)
Metastable phase
Fe13Gag
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 3.5
Ot041
36.5 t o 53.0
26.9 to 37.1
26.9 t o 30.4
30.5 to 33.8
30.7 to 34.0
50.0 to 51.0
50.0 to 51.0
61.9 to 63.3
Fmm
lm?m
Pm3m
FmTm
Fm3m
P631mmc
Pmm
R?m
C2lm
C2lm
100
cF4
cl?
cP2
cF16
cF16
hPX
cP4
hR26
mC44
mC42
f*63
tP16
fP16
oc8
PZn2
P4dmnm
Cmca
46.4
...
...
Composition,
wt% Gd
Pearson
symbol
Space
0
0
0
24.8
24.8
42.4
48
58.4
100
100
~ 1 2
cF4
~ 1 2
hP38
hR19
cF116
hR12
cF24
c12
hP2
lm3m
Fm?m
Im3m
P6jlmmc
R3m
F@m
R3_m
Fd2m
Im3m
P631mmc
24
24.8
36.1
41
hP*
hP8
hP6
hPlO
0'18
c*30
79
Fe-Cd
...
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent Gadolinium
1600
Phase
(6Fe)
We)
We)
PFe17Gdz
aFe17GdZ
Fe23Gd6
Fe,Gd
FezGd
(PGd)
(aGd)
Questionable phases
FeSGd
Fe17Gdz
FeSGd
Fe4Gd
Fe7Gdz
FesGdz
Fe
Weight Percent Gadolinium
Gd
44.6
65
group
...
P6lmmm
P6lmmm
...
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*195
E. Kato and S. Nunoue, 1992
Fe-Ge
Atornlc Percent
20
1
30
8
10
0
Gerrnanlum
50
ti0
70
0
80
90
100
~
Phase
.
(Pel
We)
a2
UI
e(Fe3Ge)
E'(F~,G~)
B
rl
Fe,Ge5
FeGe
FeGez
(Gel
Fe
We~ght Percent G e r m a n ~ u m
~
Composition,
wt% Ge
~
0 to 4.4
o to 21.6
12.6 to 26.8
18.9 to 25.7
28.8 to 31.0
28.8 to 31.0
39.6 to 47.5
47.3 to 50.0
52.0
56.5
72.3
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
c12
~m?m
1m3m
pm3m
~m?m
P63/mmc
~m?m
P63lmmc
P63/mmc
C2/m
C21m
P6lmmm
P213
14/m_cm
Fd3m
C P ~
~ ~
hP8
cP4
hP4
hP6
...
...
hP6
cP8
112
cF8
1
6
Ge
A. San-Martin and F.D. Manchester, 1992
Atomic Percent Hydrogen
0
005
~ a o o .j . . A , - . ,
01
c ,. . !
015
- ,
02
025
03
035
. . .! . . . , . . . . ! . . . , . ' -,..'....+
Composition,
04
7
Pharo
wt%
H
Pearson
symbol
(6Fe) or 6
(We) or y
(aFe) or a
Metastable phases
0 to 0.0013
0 to 0.0008
0 to 0.0003
el2
cF4
c12
Im3m
~m?m
lm3m
E
1.2 to 1.4(a)
hP2
hP4
P63lmmc
P63/mmc
P63mc
hP4
(a)
Fe
Produced under a pressure of 6.7 GPa at 250 "C
Weight Percent Hydrogen
H. Okamoto, 1992
Fe-Hf
Atomlc Percent H a f n ~ u m
2400
Space
group
0
10
20
30
40
50
60 70 80 90 100
Pharo
0
Fe
Weight Percent Hafnium
Hf
Composition,
wt%
Hf
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2.1 98/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H.A. Wriedt, N.A. Cokcen, and R.H. Nafziger, 1992
Atornlc Percent N ~ t r o g e n
10
30
20
Phase
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
~rouo
Stable at 0.1 MPa
(6Fe)
We)
We)
Fe4N
E
Fe2N
FeN,
FeN9
Other phases
(~Fe)(a)
Martensite
Fe16N~
ImTm
Fmm
Im3m
P m m or P43m
P6glmmc
0 to -0.9
0 to 2.8
0 to 0.10
5.7 to 5.9
-4 to -11
-11.1
-6 1
-69
...
...
...
0 to ?
0 to 0.6
0.7 to 2.6
-3.0
(a) Stable at pressures >13 GPa. (b) bct
Fe
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Nitrogen
Fe-Nb
E. Paul and L.J. Swartzendruber, 1992
Atornlc P c r c e n t Nloblum
10
40
50
80
70
80
90
Phsse
Composition,
wt% Nh
Pearson
symbol
Space
lrouo
6 or (6Fe)
u or W e )
a or (aFe)
E or
Fe2Nb
or FeNb
(Nb)
Fe
We~ght P r r r r n t Niobium
Nb
Fe-Nd
W. Zhang, C. Liu, and K. Han, 1992
Atomlc P e r c e n t Neodymium
Phase
@Fe)(a)
(yFe)(b)
(aFe)(c)
Fel7Ndz
(BW(e)
(aNd)(f)
Metastable phase
Fes+xNd
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
0
oto-1
0 to -1.1
23.3
100
100
hP4
ImSm
Fmym
Im?m
RTm
1m3m
P63lmmc
...
hP6
P6lmmm
C F ~
~ 1 2
(d)
CIZ
(a) From 1538 to 1394 T . (b) From <I394 to 912 "C. (c) Below 912 "C. (d) Rhombohedral. (e) From
1021 to 863 "C. (0Below 863 ' C
Fe
Weight P e r c e n t Neodymium
Nd
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*195
E. Kato and S. Nunoue, 1992
Fe-Ce
Atornlc
10
0
P e r c e n t Gcrrnarrium
30
2?
-0061
50
40
,'
A--T
,
80
---*--.-.-i---L--.h---t
70
60
80
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
~ m m
1m3m
Pm3m
Fmm
P631mrnc
~m3m
P631mmc
P631mmc
C2Im
C2Im
P6/mmm
P2,3
I4Inyn
Fd3m
We)
W e )
a2
a,
e(Fe3Ge)
e'(Fe,Ge)
P
rl
Fe6Ges
FeGe
FeGez
(Ge)
Fe
We~ght Percent G e r m a n ~ u m
Space
group
Ge
A. San-Martin and F.D. Manchester, 1992
A t o m ~ cPercent
0
005
015
01
02
l s o o ~ - - - T - T - .T
. . . !. . . .! .
L
...................
,'
r'
Hydrogen
.,... . ' ...,...'
025
03
. ,
035
04
' -1538.C
of H
lolubility and
ore
Pearson
symbol
(6Fe)or 6
W e ) or Y
(aFe) or a
Metastable phases
0 to 0.0013
0 to 0.0008
0 to 0.0003
c12
cF4
c12
E
1.2 to 1.4(a)
hP2
hP4
hP4
Phase
P=O.l MPa
L+H2
Composition,
wt% H
not
Space
group
1m9m
~m%m
1m3m
P63Immc
P63lmmc
P6pc
(a) Produced under a pressure of 6.7 GPa at 250 "C
Fe
We~ght Percent Hydrogen
H. Okamoto, 1992
Fe-Hf
A t o m ~ cPercent H a f n ~ u m
Ye
Weight Percent Hafnium
Hf
Composition,
wt% HI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 6
0 to 1.6
0 to 0.70
52 to 61.2
61.5
61.5
85.6 to 86.6
'to 100
?to 100
c12
cF4
c12
hP12
hP24
cF24
cF96
c12
hF'2
lm3m
Fm3m
Im?m
P6jlmmc
P631mmc
~d%n
Fd7m
Im3m
P63lmmc
2.1 96/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Fe-Ho
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Holmium
1600
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ho
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
ImTm
FmTm
ImTm
P63Immc
Fm3m
RKm
Fd3m
P63lmmc
(6Fe)
We)
We)
Fe17H02
Fe23H06
Fe3Ho
FezHo
(Ho)
Metastable phase
83.8
(no)-
Fe
Weight Percent Holmlum
1.1. Swartzendruber, 1992
Ir~d~um
A t o ~ n ~Percent
c
30
& . . +20 ' - ~
~ 40+ 50. -60
..--..,-
naoof
-
70 60 90100
Phase
We)
(yFe,Ir)
(6Fe)
E
Composition,
wt 5% Ir
0 to -23
0 to 100
0 to 7
-45 to 80
Pearson
symbol
~ 1 2
cF4
cI2
hP2
Fe-La
-
Space
group
ImTm
~~3~
ImTm
P6slmmc
H. Okamoto. 1992
Atomic Percent L a n t h a n u m
1600
Phase
(6Fe)
We)
We)
(V-a)
(PW
@La)
000-C
785'C
Yagn.
Tranr
770.C
700
600
Fe
We~ght Percent L a n t h a n u m
La
Composition,
wt% La
0
0
o
100
100
100
Pearson
symbol
cI2
cF4
~ 1 2
cI2
cF4
hP4
Space
group
ImTm
Fmm
ImTm
ImTm
~m3m
P6slmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*197
H. Okamoto, 1992
Fe-Lu
Phase
63T
(6Fe)
We)
(aFe)
Fe~7Luz
Fez3Lu6
Fe3Lu
FelLu
(Lu)
Metastable phase
...
0
20
10
Fe
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t L u t e t l u m
80
90
Composition,
wt% L u
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
24.7 to 26.9
45.0
51
61.0
100
~12
cF4
~12
hP38
cF116
hR12
cF24
hP2
h3m
~msm
1m3m
P631mmc
Fm3m
R%
Fd3m
P63lmmc
-76
hP12
P63lmmc
o
o
100
Lu
H. Okamoto, 1992
Fe-Mn
I0
0
20
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Manganese
30
40
50
GO
70
80
100
YO
Phase
Composition,
wt% M n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
lm3m
Fmm
1m3m
Im3m
P4,32
IZ3m
I4lmmm
P631mmc
...
0
2 - Y - G ' F ; * - 7 8 7 _ _ 7 ; 1 0 4 0
10
Fe
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Manganese
Mn
A. Fernindez Guillermet, 1992
Fe-Mo
Z7W
0
0
Fe
Atomlc Percent Molybdenum
40
54
60
20
30
10
10
20
30
40
50
M
70
Weight P e r c e n t M o l y b d e n u m
70
80
80
90
90
1
Phase
100
Mo
Composition,
wt% MO
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
2.1 98/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Fe-N
H.A. Wriedt, N.A. Cokcen, and R.H. Nafziger, 1992
Atomlc P e r c e n t N ~ t r o g e n
-
30
Phase
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Stable at 0.1 MPa
900
lm3m
FmSm
ImTm
P m m or P43m
P631mmc
P63lmmc
ImTm
...
I4Immm
(a) Stable at pressures >I3 GPa. (b) bct
Welght P e r c e n t Nitrogen
Fe
Fe-Nb
E. Paul and 1.1. Swartzendruber, 1992
Atomic P e r c e n t N ~ o b i u m
3?
40
50
80
70
80
90
Phase
--+-+&&
6 or (6Fe)
Y or W e )
a or (aFe)
E or FezNb
@ or FeNb
(Nb)
Composition,
wt% Nb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 5.2
c12
cF4
cI2
hPl2
hR13
cI2
ImTm
Fmm
Im5m
P63Immc
R3m
Im3m
0 to 1.5
0 to 1.2
38 to 51
60 to 62
95.3 to 100
-.-.-.Transformation
Fe-Nd
W. Zhang, G. Liu, and K. Han, 1992
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Neodymium
Phase
1600
(yFe)(b)
(aFe)(c)
Fe~7Ndz
($Nd)(e)
(aNd)(f)
Metastable phase
FestxNd
Composition,
wt% Nd
0
0 to -1
o to-1.1
23.3
100
100
...
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
cF4
~12
Im3m
Fmm
1m3m
(d)
RT~
~ 1 2
hP4
Im3m
P6glmmc
hP6
P6lmmm
(a) From 1538 to 1394 "C. (b) From <I394 to 912 'C. (c) Below 9 12 "C. (d) Rhombohedral. (e) From
1021 to 863 "C. (0 Below 863 OC
400
Fe
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Neodymium
Nd
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.199
Fe-Ni
L.J. Swartzendruber, V.P. Itkin, and C.B. Alcock, 1992
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(6Fe)
(yFe, Ni)
We)
Fe3Ni(a)
FeNi(a)
FeNi3
(a) Metastable
Fe
NI
Wzight P e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
Fe-0
H.A. Wriedt, 1992
Atornlc P e r c e n t Oxygen
0
2000$,
10
. ! ,
.
20
, ' .
30
, ! .
. .
.
10
,
. ! .
,
. ,
50
,
i . ..
,
.
Composition,
60
,
; . . . . . . .
phase
o
~ 1 %
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
cF4
~12
cF8
mC224
cF56
hRlO
Irn3rn
Fm3m
11n3m
Frnh
hp2
c**(?)(b)
mP500(?)
P631rnrnc
...
P21/rn
...
R3
Stable phases
(6Fe)
We)
We)
Wustite
Fe30dLT)
Fe3Od
aFe,03
Other phases
. . . , . .1 . . ) . . . , . . , .
. . . . . . . . , , . , . . . . .
0
10
Fe
20
40
30
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Oxygen
(eFe)(a)
P'(wustite)
P"(wustite)
P(wustite)
Wustite(LT)
Fe3OXP)(d)
$Fez03
yFeZ03
eFe203
-0
-0
-0
23.15 to 25.60
-27.6
27.56 to 28.36
-30.1
o to ?
-23.2 to -24.8
-24 to -25
...
23.2 to 24.6
-27.6
-30.1
-30.1
-30.1
...
~ W C )
rn* 14
c180
tP60
m*100
c~
Fd2m
R3c
...
1a3
P43212
...
(a) Stable at pressures >13 GPa (b) Incommensurate or orthorhombic. (c) Magnetic reflections might
indicate linear cell dimensions are doubled, comsponding to hR16. (d) Stable at pressures >25 GPa
Fe-0 phase diagram from 22 to 31 wt% 0
A t o m l c P e r c e n t Oxygen
55
50
80
2000
400
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Weight P e r c e n t Oxygen
29
30
31
202OO/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atorn~c Percent Phosphurns
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1800 + - L - + - + * ~ - ~ ~ - - F . A . - - - - - +
80
90
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% P
Pearson
symbol
~ O U D
Fm3m
Im3m
I4
~ 6
PnaZ1
Pnnm
P211c
We)
(ape)
Fe3P
FezP
FeP
FeP,
FeP,
(P)(white)
Metastable phases
Fe4+P
(P) black
High-pressure phases
Fe2P
FeP4
Space
2
~
...
...
<12
100
Cmca
21.7
69
Pnma
C2221
H. Okamoto, 1992
Fe-Pd
Atomic Percent P a l l a d ~ u m
565.C
phase
(6Fe)
W e , Pd)
We)
FePd
FePd3
0
10
20
Fe
30
40
50
00
70
80
90
W e ~ g h tPercent Palladium
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 6.1
0 to 100
0 to 6.5
64.2 to 74
76 to ?
c12
cF4
cI2
tP2
cP4
Im3m
Fmm
Im3m
P4lm-mm
Pm3m
Composition,
wt% PU
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0 to -4
0
68.6
68.6
68.6
96.3
99.5 to 100
-100
99.9 to 100
100
100
100
cI2
cF4
~12
c**
hP24
cF24
t128
c12
t12
cF4
oF8
mC34
mP16
Im3m
Fm3m
1m3m
100
Pd
Fe-Pu
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m ~ cPercent Plutonium
0
LO
20
30
40
50
80 70 80 9mOO
(6Fe)
We)
(aFe)
yFe2Pu
PFe2Pu
aFezPu
FePu6
(EPu)
(6'Pu)
(6pu)
(Ypu)
(PPu)
(ah)
600
400
200
0
0
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
Weight Percent Plutonium
80
90
100
Pu
...
P63Immc
FdTm
I4lmcm
1m7m
I4lmmm
Fm3m
Fddd
C2/m
P21Irn
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*201
L J. Swartzendruber, 1992
Fe-Rh
Atornlc P e r c e n t Rhodlum
0
20
30
50
10
70
60
80
90
1W
Composition,
Pearson
0 to 5
0 to 100
0 to 30
19 to 6 9
63 to 69
6 3 to 69
c12
cF4
c12
cP2
cp2
cF16
Space
phaseP
wt% ~h
symbol
group
=
"
I
/:
L
<
,
.:-:-,
*>
/:+-
=-::.
_zzs=-
(6Fe)
(yFe.Rh)
(aFe)
_________________----------
*........*-I=-
,
.\..
; :
,,;,' :
,* ;
*,
.,,
:,21
,,' ;
II ;
3
4
i
(yFe,Rh)
-lam"c
_.-C-..
J
.
II
,
I
5
:
$
I
I
',
:
:
0
;
I
i
;
\.
/
r
i
\T.
'": (aFe)
\.!
a'
+.-;
,&
,
- - - - - - - -4
.:'&
,,
0
0
10
X
I
10
30
u)
Fe
a" (chemical cell)
a" (magnetic cell)
s
sI
5
; ;
a'
lmSm
Fm3m
1m%
Pm%
~mSm
FmSm
60
70
60
0
LOO
90
Weight P e r c e n t Rhodium
Rh
Fe-S
From [Kubaschewskil
Atomic P e r c e n t S u l f u r
0
10
20
40
30
50
60
70
80
on
100
~ h m
(6Fe)
We)
(aFe)
yFeS
PFeS
aFeS
PFeS2
aFeSz
Fe
Welght P e r c e n t S u l f u r
S
Fe-rich region of the Fe-S system
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t S u l f u r
0
16004
. .
b
Fe
.
0 05
,
'.
,
,
. ,
0.05
01
.'
,
.
015
' . . , . . . .
01
Weight P e r c e n t S u l f u r
,
,
,
,
,
Composition,
wt%
s
0 to -0.14
0 to -0.05
0 to 0.019
36.5 to 41
36.5 to -38
36.5 to -38
-53.5
-53.5
Pesrson
symbol
c12
cF4
c12
hP4
hP24
...
cP12
OP6
Space
group
Im7m
Fmh
Itn3m
P63/mmc
~ 6 2
...
Pa3
Pnnm
~
20202/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Fe-Sb
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o r n ~ cPercent Antlmony
20
30
40
50
10
60
70
80
90
Composition,
wt% Sb
100
Metastable phase
FeSbn
Fe
W e ~ g h t Percent Antlrnony
Pearson
symbol
Space
IrouP
90
Sb
Fe-Sc
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent S c a n d ~ u m
0
10
1
20
7
30
40
50
60
80
70
0
0
90
100
0
Pbsse
Composition,
wt% Sc
Pearson
symbol
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
600
Fe
Weight Percent Scandium
Sc
Fe-Se
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atornlc Percent Selenium
(SFe)
We)
We)
B
...
S
P63/mmc
C2Im
C21m
P3]21
Y
bFe7Se8
Welght Percent Selenlum
Se
lm3m
Fmsm
lm3m
P4lnmm
6'
f
Fe
Space
group
aFe,Se8
FeSez
We)
Metastable phases
FeSe
FeSe
FeSe
High-pressure phase
FeSez
Pnnm
P3121
...
P63/mmc
P4lmmm
Pa3
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2-203
Fe-Si
From [Kubaschewskil
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t
S~llcon
laoor
1700
80
1538%
1500
Composition,
wt% Si
90
L
1414T
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
c12
cP2
cF16
hP6
hP16
cP8
tP3
oC48
cF8
Fmm
lm3m
Prnm
Fmm
P3ml
P63Imcm
Pz13
P4/mmm
Cmca
Fd?m
W e ~ g h tPercent S i l l c o n
Ye
H. Okamoto, 1992
Fe-Sm
1700-
o
10
Atomlc Percent S a m a r ~ u m
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90 100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sm
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
We)
We)
We)
PFe11Sm2
aFellSm2
Fe3Srn
Fe2Srn
Wm)
@sm)
(asrn)
-0
-0
0
24.0
24.0
47
57.3
100
-100
>99.8 to 100
d2
cF4
~12
hP38
hR19
hR12
cF24
cl2
hP2
hR3
Im5m
Fm3m
Im3m
P631mmc
R3m
R3-m
Fd3m
Im3m
P6jlmmc
R3m
FesSrn
35.1
hP6
P61mmm
Phase
Composlion,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Questionable phase
0
10
20
30
Fe
40
50
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t
60
70
60
90
1W
Sarnar~urn
Sm
Fe-Sn
0
1
H. Okamoto, 1992
10
6
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Tin
20
30
10
0
50
60
0
70
80
90
100
0
Oxygen stabilized phase
"Fe3Snn
42
Space
group
20204/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Fe-Tb
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Terbium
1600
Phnv
Composition,
wt% Th
(6Fe)
We)
We)
0
-0
PFe17Tb2
25.0
25.0
42.6
aFe17Tb2
Fe23Tb6
Fe,Tb
FezTb
Fe2Tb(a)
(PTb)
(aTb)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
49
58.7
58.7
100
100
(a) Distorted Cu2Mg type due to magnetoseiction at low temperatures
Fe
Weight Percent Terbium
Tb
Fe-Te
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1992
Phnv
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) Low-temperaturephase. (b) High-pressure phase
Fe
W e ~ g h tPercent T e l l u n u r n
Te
Fe-Th
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Thorium
Fe
Weight P e r c e n t Thorium
Composition,
wt% ~h
Th
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.205
Fe-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1992
Atomic Percent i r o n
50
60
70
80
-,90L.__-100
t
Phase
(aTi)
TiFe
TiFez
(aFe)
(yFe)
o
Composition,
wt% Fe
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.047
0 to 24.7
51.3 to 54.1
68.2 to 75.4
91.3 to 100
99.5 to 100
hP2
c12
cP2
hP12
cI2
cF4
hP3
P63/mmc
ImSm
PmSm
P6jlrnmc
Im5m
Fmj m
P6Immm
(a)
(a) Metastable phase
TI
We~ght Percent Iron
Fe
Fe-Tm
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Thulium
Phase
Composition,
wt% Tm
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
l mjrn
Fm3m
Im3m
P6jlmmc
Fm3m
R3m
Fdm
Pbjlmmc
Metastable phase
Fe-U
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent Uranlum
Phase
Composition,
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
@Fe)
We)
0
0
(aFe)
Fe2U
Feu6
tyU)
(Pu)
(aU)
68.0
96.2
99.7 to 100
99.9 to 100
99.99 to 100
el2
cF4
~12
cF24
t128
c12
tP30
0c4
0
1600
I
Fe
20
30
40
50
00
70
Weight Percent U r a n ~ u m
80
90
100
U
o
Im3m
FmSm
Im?m
FdTm
I4Imcm
Im5m
P42/mnm
Cmcm
20206/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
J.F. Smith, 1992
Atomic Percent Vanadlum
MOO
Phpv
Composition,
wi% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
47.7
cP2
Pmm
Metastable phase
a'
Fe-W
0
10
S.V. Nagender Naidu, A.M. Sriramamurthy, and
P. Rama Rao, 1992
~ t o r n l cP e r c e n t T u n g s t e n
20
30
40
50
60
70 80 90 100
3122.c
phpv
We)
(@e)
Fe+,'
(k)
Few (6)
(W)
Composition,
wt% w
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
cF4
Fm3m
0
~ 1 2
hR13
c12
11n3m
R3m
p21321
Im3m
hP12
P63/mmc
-70.5
-77.2
100
(a)
Metastable phase
b W 0-1
62.2
(a) Orthorhombic
0
10
20
30
Fe
10
50
60
70
80
90
100
W
Weight P e r c e n t T u n g s t e n
Fe-Zn
0
B.P. Burton and P. Perrot, 1992
10
20
Atomlc P e r c e n t Zlnc
30
40
50
60
70
60
90
1
0 Phare
1600
Welght P e r c e n t
Zinc
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.207
Fe-Zr
D. Arias and J.P. Abriata, 1992
0
I0
' ,
2000
20
1
30
,
40
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t I r o n
50
60
70
BJ5.C
la00
:
Zr
Welght
Percent
80
90
- 7
Iron
Phase
(Wr)
(azr)
Zr3Fe
Zr2Fe
ZrFe2
ZrFe,
We)
Composition,
wt% Fe
o to -4.1
0 to 0.02
16.2 to 18.3
21.6 to 23.4
54.3 to 62.2
64.7
-92.9 to 100
Pearson
symbol
c12
hP2
oCl6
r112
cF24
cF116
~12
Space
group
lm5m
P63/mm~
Cmcm
I4/mcm
Fdzm
Fm2m
lm3m
Fe
Ga-Gd
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1990
-.-.-
+ ..,-.-.
I0
A t o r n ~ rP e r c e n t
20
30
.-.4
-
Gadol~n~urr~
40
50
60
70
80 90
I
A-A?-~..-C
..-+--+ .-..
Phase
Composition,
wt% Gd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ga)
-0
oC8
Cmca
P4lnbm
P6/mmm
Cmcm
Ga-Ho
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
(Ga)
G%Ho
Ga,Ho
Ga2Ho
GasHo3
GaHo
Ga3H05
(Ho)
Composition,
wt% Ho
Pearson
symbol
Space
0
28.3
44
54.1
58.7
70.3
79.8
100
oC8
tP14
cP4
hP3
oP32
oC8
hP16
hP2
Cmca
P4Iybm
Pm3m
P61mmm
P4lnbm
Cmcm
P631mcm
P631mmc
group
20208/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ga-In
T.J. Anderson and I. Ansara, 1992
A t o m ~ c Percent l n d ~ u m
Composition,
wt% I n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
oC8
98.6 to 100
112
Cmca
C2Ic
I4lmmm
...
U
L
11.4
0-
-(w
(Id-
- 0 5 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
-
-
W e ~ g h t Percent I n d ~ u r n
Ga
:
In
Ga-La
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1990
A t o m ~ c Percent L a n t h a n u m
ezvc
( Y L ~,-
iE
(@La)
Ga3La5
GaLa,
(YW
Composition,
wt% LU
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
24.9
33
30 to 49.9
66.6
76.9
86
-100
-100
-100
oC8
tP14
of*
hP3
oC8
t132
cP4
~12
cF4
hP4
Cmca
P4Inbm
...
P6lmmm
Cmcm
I4lmcm
Pm3m
1m3m
Fm3m
P63/mmc
(a) Not shown on diagram; needs further confirmation
W e ~ g h t Perce
Lanthanum
La
Ga-Li
J.Sangster and A.D. Pelton, 1991
Atomic Percent L i t h ~ u m
0 20 40
800
60
70
60
00
Composition,
wt% L i
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Cmca
~h
(a) Stoichiornetry uncertain. (b) Near 400 'C. (c) Below -193
"C
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*209
Ca-Lu
S.P. Yatsenko, A.A. Semyannikov, B.G. Semenov, and
K.A. Chuntonov, 1979
Phase
(Ga)
Ga3Lu
Ga2Lu
Ga5Lu3
GaLu
Ga3Lu5
(Lu)
Composition,
wt% Lu
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0
46
55.6
60.1
71.5
? t o 80.7
100
oC8
cP4
0112
om2
oC8
hP16
hP2
Cmca
Pmm
Imma
Pnm
Cmcm
P6jlmcm
P631mmc
Ga-Mg
700
0
H. Okamoto, 1991
10
Atomic Percent Gall~um
20
30
40
50
60
70
60 90
100
Phase
(Mg)
Mg5Ga~
MgzWa)
MgGa
MgGa2
MgzGa~
(Ga)
Composition,
wt% Ga
0 to 9.4
53.43
58.9
74.2
85.15
87.76
100
Penrson
symbol
hP2
0128
h~18
t132
on4
tI28
oC8
Space
group
P6glmmc
Ibam
~ 6 2
141/a
Pbam
Mlmmm
Cmca
~
(a) The structure is closely related to the Fe2P (hP9) type with a small deviation.
X.S. Lu, J.K. Liang, and M.C. Zhou, 1980
Ga-Mn
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t M a n g a n e s e
1100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Mn
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
Cmca
Cmcm
...
P41mbm
R3m
...
Imm
Fm3m
Mlmmm
P4lmmm
...
P4,32
I43m
2*21O/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ga-Mo
From [Molybdenum]
10
20
Atomic Percent Galllum
10
50
60
70
30
90
80
BZIDC
Mo
Weight Percent Galllum
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
8 r w
oto11
-20
42.1
59.3
-78
-79
100
cI2
cP8
...
Im3m
Pm%
0 10 20 30
mP 148
hR49
oC8
...
...
P21/c
R3
Cmca
Ga
Ga-Na
600
...
A.D. Pelton and S. Larose, 1990
10
Atomic Percent Sodium
60
70
80
50
Composition,
wt% Ns
100
90
Pearson
symbol
Space
8rwP
oC8
tIl0
hR360
oP240
oP244
cI2
hP2
Cmca
I4/m_mm
R3m
Pnma
Pn-ma
Im3m
P63lmmc
(a) Suucture observed when compound prepared w ~ l hexcess G a (b, SUucturc obccrvcd when compound
prepared with cxccrs Na (c) Samc compound u ~ t hsame ddfraclogram, allhough different s t o i c h ~ o m c t r ~ c s
have been reported
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight Percent Sodium
00
80
100
Na
Ga-Nb
H. Okamoto, 1990
20
Atomic Percent Niobium
30
10
50
60
70
80
80
1
p h e
(Ga)
G4Nb
Ga3Nb
Ga13Nbs
Ga5Nb4
Ga4Nb5
Ga~Nbda)
Ga3Nb5
GaNb3
(Nb)
(a) Not in phase diagram
Weight Percent Niobium
Nb
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pesrson
symbol
Sp.ee
group
0
25
oC8
Cmca
26 to 29
36.7
53.3
62.5
67
68.4 to 69.4
79.9 to 84
100
118
oC36
I4lmmm
Cmmm
...
...
I**
...
hP18
tplo
tI32
cP8
c12
P63/mcm
P4lmbm
I4/m_cm
Pm3n
Im3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*211
Ga-Nd
From [Moffattl
Atornlc P e r c e n t N e a d y m l u m
20
d
l
q
O
qO,,
90 100
.
3.c
Weight P e r c e n t N e o d y r n ~ u n i
Ga
Phw
Composition,
wt% Nd
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
(Ga)
PG%Nd
aGa,Nd
GazNd
GaNd
Ga3Nd,
c a w
(PW
(aNd)
0
25.7
25.7
-34 to 50.8
67.4
77.5
86
? t o 100
? to 100
oC8
Cmca
...
lP14
hP3
oC8
1132
cP4
c12
hP4
P4lnbm
P6lmmm
Cmcm
I4/mcm
PmSm
/mSm
P63lmmc
Nd
Ga-Ni
S.Y. Lee and P. Nash. 1991
Atorrlir P e r c e n t G d l l l u r n
20
10
10
50
60
70
80
....4
--A,.
90
Phw
(Ni)
a'(Ni,Ga)
P(NiGa)
HNi3Gaz)
6(NiSGa,)
~'(Ni,Gad
Ni3Ga4
V(NizGa,)
€(NiGa4)
(Ga)
Wrlght P e r c ~ n tG a l l i u m
Ni
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 27.6
25.8 to 34
34.2 to 62
39.5 to 46
40.3 to 42
-43.4 to -46.4
-60.8 to 61.7
64
83
100
cF4
cP4
cP2
hP4
oC16
Fmzm
Pm3m
PmTm
P6jlmmc
Cmmm
...
...
el112
hP5
cI52
oC8
la3d
P3ml
143m
Cmca
Ga
Ca-Pb
I. Ansara and F. Ajersch, 1991
Phase
(Ga)
(Pb)
Weight P e r c e n t Lead
Ca
.---.----
...
..-...
Pb
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
100
oC8
cF4
Cmca
F ~
S
~
2.21 2/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
Ga-Pd
Alomlc P e r c e n t P a l l a d ~ u m
m
30
'
"
0
6
0
-Ip-+.----.T+
3
1665.C
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
0
oC8
group
Space
Phpy
(Gal
Cmca
I4I~cm
Im3m
P213
PmJm
Pbam
Pnma
...
Pnma
...
FmJm
Ca
Welght P e r c e n t I'allad~urn
Pd
H. Okamoto, 1990
Ga-Pr
Atomlc P e r c e n t P r a s e o d y m ~ u m
1
8
0
0
3
p
+-.
40
50
..A
60
. ,aT.
70
80
Phase
(Ga)
G%Pr
G&Pr
Ga2Pr
GaPr
Ga3Pr5
GaPr2
(PPr)
(apr)
Ga
We~ghtPercent P r a s e o d y m ~ u m
Composition,
wt% Pr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
25.2
34
36 to 50.2
oC8
1114
Cmca
P4lnbm
hP3
oC8
tP32
oP12
~ 1 2
hP4
P6lmmm
Cmcm
P41ncc
Pn-ma
1m3m
P63lmmc
66.9
77.1
80.2
96 to 100
98 to 100
...
Pr
H. Okamoto, 1990
Ga-Pt
Atomic P e r c e n t P l a t i n u m
Composition,
wt% Pt
1800
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Cmca
1600
...
Imxm
Fm3m
P3ml
PZ13
Cmmm
Pbam
...
P4lmmm
PmSm
I4lmcm
P4lmbm
Fm3m
Ga
Weight P e r c e n t P l a t l n u m
Pt
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.213
Ga-Pu
D.E. Peterson and M.E. Kassner, 1988
Atomlc
0 10 20 30
40
50
60
Percent G a l i l u m
70
80
Composition,
wt% G a
inri
90
Phase
L
0 to 4
0 to 0.07
0 to 3.9
Pearson
symbol
~ 1 2
r12
cF4
oF8
me34
m~16
Space
group
1m5m
I41mmm
(epu)
(6'Pu)
(@u)
( w )
(PPu)
(apu)
'l
Pu3Ga(S)
Pu3W5')
Pu5Ga3
14 to 14.6
(b)
...
PuGa(i')
-22.2
c12
(c)
PuGa(t)
Pu2Ga3
PuGal
PuGad~)
PuGad~')
PuGa3(fiM)
Pu2Ga7
PuGa3.7
PuGq
PUG%@
22.2
30
36.4
46
46
46
50.0
51.4
53
63.1
(d)
Im3m
I4/mmm
14mm
0120
...
Imma
P4/nbm
P4/mbm
PuG%(S')
PuzGa15
@a)
63.1
68.1
100
...
...
(c)
oC8
...
Cmca
0
0
0
6.1
to
17
9
9
...
C P ~
tP4
t138
(e)
hP3
...
hP8
...
(c)
...
~~3~
Fddd
C2lm
P21lm
1213(a)
~m3m
p41m1nm
I41mcm
...
P61mmm
...
P63lmmc
R3m
...
...
(a) Partially ordered. (b) Face-centeredcubic. (c) Teuagonal. (d) Body-centered teuagonal. ( e )Hexagonal
P.G. Rustamov, B.N. Mardakhaev, and M.C. Safarov, 1967
Atornlc
10
20
:I0
-A&-+.
40
.-.
50
Percent
Sulfur
GO
70
80
.+.---+-__C
90
_
_
C
,
.
l
l
l
l+...CC.
.......
I
phase
(Ga)
Ga2S
GaS
PGa4S5
aGa&
ea2S3
PGa2S3
aGazS3
s
100
Ga
Weight
Percent S u l f u r
5
Composition,
wt% s
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
18.7
31.5
36.5
36.5
41
41
41
oC8
Cmca
...
P6jlmmc
...
...
hP 8
...
...
hP4
mC20
cF8
...
P63mc
Cc
F43m
2021 41Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ga-Sb
T.I. Ngai, R.C. Sharma, and Y.A. Chang, 1988
Atomrc P e r c e n t Antlrnony
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
800
60
1
90
100
'
Phnw
(Ga)
aGaSb
pGaSb(a)
(Sb)
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
63.6
63.6
100
oC8
cF8
t14
hR 2
Cm_ca
F43m
I4,lamd
R3m
(a) At high pressure
Welght Percent Antlrnony
Ga
Sb
Ga-Sc
S.P. Yatsenko, A.A. Semyannikov, G.B. Semenov, and
K.A. Chuntonov, 1979
A t o m l c Percent S c a n d l u m
Pbnw
@a)
Ga3Sc
Ga2Sc
GaSc
Ga4Sc5
Ga3Sc5
(PSc)
(aSc)
Composition,
wt% sc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
18
24.4
39.2
44.7
51.8
100
100
oC8
cP4
0112
oCX
1184
hP16
cI2
hP2
Cmca
Pmm
Imma
Cmcm
I4lrnmm
P6jlmcm
Im3m
P6jImmc
Other reported phase
GasScz
30
Welght Percent S c a n d i u m
Ga-Se
From [Moffatt]
Atornlc P e r c e n t S e l e n l u m
0
10
20
30
40
Ja
60
70
80
90
Phme
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ga)
GaSe
0
53.1
Cmca
R33
P6
P63mc
PGazSe3
aGa2Se3
(Se)
-63
63
100
oCX
hR4
hPX
hP16
c**
mC20
hP3
100
...
Cc
P3121
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.215
Ca-Sm
From [Moffattl
Atomlc P e r c e n t S a m a r i u m
10
0
20
10
30
50
60
70
90
80
Ill0
I
Phlse
C
aGa6Sm(q')
s
a
u
*
u
u
(asm)
.....--.0
60
*
70
F
,
80
90
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
26.5
26.5
-35 to 5 1.8
68.3
78.2
87
? t o 100
? t o 100
oC8
...
tP14
hP3
oC8
t132
cP4
c12
hP2
Cmca
P4lnbm
Pblmmm
Cmcm
I4lm~m
Pmjm
Im3m
P631mmc
100
hR 3
~ ? m
...
-
~.....
M'eieht Percent Carndrlurn
Ga
Composition,
wt% Sm
100
\rn
Ca-Sn
T.J. Anderson and I. Ansara, 1992
Atornlc P r r c c n t T~rr
Composition,
w t k Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0 to 0.03
96.1 to 100
oC8
t12
t14
Cmca
I41mmm
I4 ,lamd
200
(a) Above 1.2 GPa
I-'
150
50
(a%)--
-@a)
.........,.. .....-.7..
100
0
c; a
10
20
..-
, . . .. .,,. .
10
40
w?,ghl
. , . .. ., ,......-..
T7-
10
P<~,VV,,t
60
'T,,,
711
;
i
.- .-.80,...,.,.., ...,.....100
'iU
911
V.P. ltkin and C.B. Alcock, 1992
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Gal
Ga&
GazSr
Ga7Sr8
(aW
(PSI)
0
24
35 to 38.6 (a)
58.9
loo
100
hP2
1/10
hP3
cP60
cF4
d2
P6glmmc
I4/mrnm
P6lmmm
P2i3
(a) After annealing at 900 "C
F~JM
Im3m
2.21 6/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
From [Moffattl
Ga-Tb
A t o m ~ cPercent Terbium
30
50
40
@
70
I 80
90 1 W
Phase
(Ga)
G%Tb
PGa3Tb
aGa3Tb
Ga2Tb
GaTb
Ga3Tb5
(PTb)
(aTb)
0
10
20
30
Ga
50
40
60
BO
70
Composition,
wt% Tb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
27.6
43
43
53.2
69.5
. 79.2
? t o 100
? t o 100
oC'8
tP14
cP4
hP8
hP3
~€8
tI32
e l2
hP2
Cmca
P4Injbm
Pm3m
P63/mmc
P6lmmm
Cmcm
I4/mcm
1m3m
P6slmmc
100
90
We~ghtPercent Terbium
Tb
U.R. Kattner, unpublished
Ga-Te
Atomic Percent Tellurium
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
phase
1000
(Gal
GaTe
Ga3Te4
Ga2Te3
GazTeS
(Te)
Metastable (thin film)
GaTe
Ga
Weight Percent Tellurium
Composition,
-5%
Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
64.7
70.9
73
82.1
100
oC8
mC24
hP*
cF8
tI14
hP3
Cmca
C2lm
...
~a3m
14lm
P3121
64.7
Te
J. Klingbeil and R. Schmid-Fetzer, 1991
Atomic Percent Thallium
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 90 100
286.15.C
Ga
Welght Percent Thallium
T1
Phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*217
Ca-Tm
From [Moffatt]
Atornlc
P e r c e n t l'hullum
Phse
(Ga)
G;bTrn
Ga,Tm
Ga2Tm
Ga,Tm,
GaTm
Ga,Tm5
(Tm)
Ga
Composition,
wt% Tm
0
28.8
45
54.7
62
70.8
? t o 80.2
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
oC8
Cmca
fP14
P4/n_hm
cP4
0112
...
oC8
oP32
hP2
Pm3m
lmma
...
Cmcm
Pnma
P63Immc
Welght P e r c e n t T h u l i u m
Ca-U
K.H.J. Buschow, 1973
A t o n ~ ~Pce r c e n t Uranium
Composition,
wtk U
Pearson
symbol
-
(Ga)
Ga,U
PGazU
aGa,U(a)
Ga3U2
(F)
(!m
(aU)
0
53
63 0
63 0
70
7 to 100
100
loo
(a) Below the Cune temperature (-148
Ga
W ~ l g h tP e r c e n t l l r a n l u n l
oC8
cP4
hP3
oC*
oC32
c12
tP30
oC4
Space
group
-
-
Cmca
Pm3m
P61mmm
Cmmm
Cmcm
h?;m
P42/mnm
cmcm
T)
U
Ca-V
J.F. Smith, 1989
Atomic Percent G a l l ~ u m
Phse
2200
(V)
V3Ga
"6%
V6Ga1
"2Ga5
V&%I
(Gal
0
0
V
10
20
30
10
Y)
MI
Welght P e r c e n t G a l l i u m
70
80
90
100
Ga
Composition,
wt% Ga
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 49
to -39
-53.3
-59 to -63
77.4
87.5
100
c12
cP8
hP22
c15 2
tP14
hR49
oC8
lmjm
Pm3n
...
1a3m
...
...
Cmca
-23
2.21 8/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
S.P. Yatsenko, 1977
Composition,
wt% Y
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
oC8
Cmca
oP32
oC8
hP16
c12
hP 2
Ga
Welght
Percent
...
Pnma
Cmcm
P63l~cm
Im3m
P63lmmc
Y
Yttrlum
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1992
Atomlc
Percent
Ytterb~um
2p-3
1200
Phase
Composition,
wt% Yb
Pearson
symbol
Cmca
P4Inbm
C2/m
P6/mmm
Immm
P63lmmc
P4/mmm
Pnmo
Im3m
Fmm
P63/mmc
1100
1000
900
800
W
3
700
m
600
a
500
4
L
$
C
Space
group
100
100
LOO
loo
29 7741'1
0
J.Dutkiewicz, Z. Moser, 1. Zabdyr, D.D. Gohil, T.G. Chart,
I. Ansara, and C. Cirard, 1990
Ga-Zn
Atornlc
Percent Z ~ n c
L
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
P
P
.
&
,
.
500 -
Phase
:riess.c
(Ga)
(Zd
(W--
0
Ga
10
20
-
30
24 67.C
40
Weight
50
Percent
60
Z~nc
70
80
SO
-
100
Zn
Composition,
wt% Zn
0 to 0.75
97.49 to 100
Pearson
symbol
d'8
hP2
Space
group
Cmca
P6dmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*219
From [Shunkl
Ga-Zr
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
oC8
1116
oC12
oC32
oF40
Wplght P e r c e n t Z ~ r c o n l i l m
Space
group
Cmca
I4lmmm
Cmmm
Cmcm
Fdd2
...
I4 1 lamd
P63lmcm
P41mbm
P631mcm
l41~cm
Im3m
P63lmmr
Zr
A.B. Gokhale and C.J. Abbaschian, 1989
Gd-Ce
Phase
OGd(a)
r - - ~ ,
t
aGd(b)
GdsGe3
GdsGe4
GdGe
fldzGe3
PGdlGe3
aGdzGe3
PGd3Gedd)
aGd3Ge~
GdGe2 57
Ge
(a) From 1313 to ,1235
30
40
50
GO
-
70
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Germanium
80
90
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
21.7
27.0
31.6
40 to 42
c12
hP2
hP16
1m3m
P63lmmc
P63lmcm
Pnma
Cmcm
40 to 42
40 to 42
42.59 to 43.54
42.59 to 43.54
54
100
" C . ( b )From
(c)
oC8
...
...
...
...
P61mmm
lmma
14~lamd
C222,
Fd3m
hP3
(C)
1112
(c)
cF8
1235 "C. (c) Orthorhombic. (d) Also des~gnated"GdGeZ,"
1
Ge
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1992
Phase
(PW
(aGd)
Gd21n
Gd51n3
GdIn(a)
Gd3ln~
Gdln3
(In)
(a) Poss~blymetastable
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Oto-ll
d2
hP2
hP6
ti32
cP2 or el2
oC32
cP4
r12
1mSm
P63lmmc
P631mmc
14lmcm
PmSm or lm3m
Cmcm
~m3m
I4lmmm
0 t o -5
26.7 f - 1
30.5 f -1
39 -2
54.9 k - 1
69
-100
+
20220/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cd-Mg
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, I988
Atomic P e r c e n t C a d o l ~ n ~ u m
0
20
1400
30
10
50 60 7080 100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Gd
Pearson
symhol
Space
group
(Mg)
Mg&d
Mg3Gd
MgzGd
MgGd
(PW
(aGd)
0 to 23.49
56.41(a)
68
76.38
86.6
? t o 100
<97.5 to 100
hP2
P6dmmc
F43m
Fm3m
FdSm
Pmm
Im7m
P63lmmc
1313'C
(h)
cF16
cF24
cP2
c12
hP2
(a) There may be a small homogeneity range. The exact stoichiometry was reported as Mg5,05Gd, closely
related to that of SmIICd45. (b) Cubic
Gd-Mn
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m l c P e r c e n t Manganese
0 10 20
1400
30
40
o
Gd
50
80
70
80
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Manganese
90
d
Pearson
symbol
Space
Phlse
Composition,
wt% Mn
(PGd)
(aGd)
GdMnz
Gd6Mnz3
GdMn,,
(6Mn)
(yMn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
0
0
-41.2
57.2
80.7
-95 to 100
-97 to loo
-100
100
c12
Im3m
P63lmmc
Fd!m
Fm3m
14/m_mm
1m3m
Fmm
P4132
IT3m
hP?
cF24
cF116
t12h
C I ~
cF4
CP~O
cI5X
group
Mn
Gd-Ni
Y.Y. Pan and P. Nash, 1991
A t o m i c P e r c e n t Nickel
I600
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
group
(PGd)
(aGd)
Gd3Ni
Gd3NiZ
GdNi
GdNi,
GdNi3
Gd2Ni7
0
0
11.1
19.9
27.2
42.8
52.8
56.7
hP2
~12
oPl6
P63lmmc
ImTm
P6lmmm
GdNi4
GdNiS
Gd2NiI7
(Ni)
59.9
65.1
76.1
100
Phlse
(a) High-temperature form. (b) Low-temperature form
Space
t**
...
oC8
cF24
hP24
hP36(a)
hR54(b)
hP6
hP6
hP38
cF4
Cmcm
F@m
R3m
P63/mmc
R3m
...
P6lmmm
P63lmmc
Fmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.221
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1991
Gd-Pb
oL
-....,. ... .. . . ,..... . .,
0
10
I .....,LJ...)
30
211
10
Wright
(; d
',il
.
hi1
. , 1. ....\.
....,
I10
10
10
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 3
Oto 1
44.2 to 46
51.3
54.5
80
>99.6 to 100
el2
hP2
hP16
oP36
...
cP4
cF4
1m3m
P6jlmmc
P631mcm
Pnmu
...
Pm3m
Fm3m
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
. . .(
100
I'il
I'crcc~rli i.<,<iri
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Gd-Pd
Phase
(PGd)
(aGd)
Gd,Pd,
Gd,Pd2
PGdPd
aGdPd
Gd,Pd4
Gd,Pd,
GdPd,
GdPd,
(Pd)
...
Cmcm
R3
...
Fmm
Gd-Rh
H. Okarnoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cPercent K h o d ~ u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
hP2
oP16
hP20
hP16
...
t1140
Im3m
P6jlmmc
Pnma
P6jmc
P6j/mcm
...
14Imcm
Pnma
pdSm
Fd3m
P631mmc
P6Immm
Fm3m
oP36
C P ~
cF24
hP24
hP6
cF4
Gd
Space
group
Weight P e r c e n t R h o d i u m
Rh
2*222/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
Composition,
wt% Sb
Phase
0
0
31.7
36.8
43.6
43.6
60.8
100
(PW
( a W
Gd5Sb3
Gd4Sb3
PGdSb
aGdSb
GdSb2
(Sb)
We~ght P r r c e n t Antimony
Gd
Space
group
cI2
Im7m
hP 2
hP16
c12 8
P631mmc
P631mcm
143d
...
...
cF8
~m3m
P631mmc
R3m
hP12
hR 2
Sb
Cd-Se
N.Yu. Pribylrskii, I.C. Vasileva, and R.S. Carnidov, 1982
Atomic Percent Selenium
2500
Pearson
symhoi
j d - - . , ZP. . . . .
'. . , . . . . 10
! . . . . , . .
, 30
50
.I.
. . . . . , . . 60! . . . . . .
Phwe
(PGd)
(aGd)
GdSe
GdzSe3
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
33 to 34
-41 t o ?
c12
hP?
cF8
of20
or el28
lm3m
P6glmmc
Fm3m
Pnma
I43d
50.1
of12
0*144
t*24
Pnma
Other reported phases
GdSez
Cd-Sn
...
...
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1991
Atonllc Percent
10
20
......*.....A1+
10
..............
10
'7'1"
50
60
70
80
90
~ C C C ,lC A
C 1 l l4.-
......
.......
.....
Phnse
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
~ O U P
Pb31mmc
Im3m
...
P631mcm
Pnma
...
I4/mmm
...
Cmcm
Cmmm
Am~2
Pm3m
I4 ,lamd
FdTm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120223
H. Okamoto, 1990
Gd-Te
-- -
Composition,
Phase
wt%
Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1m3m
P63lmmc
Fm3m
Pnma
P4Inmm
(PW
(aGd)
GdTe
Gd2Te3
Gd,Te,
GdTez
Gd2Tes
GdTe3
(Te)
...
Cmcm
Cmcm
P3121
Gd-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
Phase
Composition,
wt% Gd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aGd)
(PGd)
Gd2TI
GdsTI3
GdsTli+r
GdTl(a)
0 to ?
0 t o -20
-39 t o -40
-43 t o -44
GdTl(b)
Gd3TIs
GdT13
(PTI)
(uT1)
-55 to -58
-68 to -69
80
100
100
hP2
c12
hP6
hP16
t132
cP2
(or cl2)
tP2
oC32
cP4
c12
hP2
P631mmc
Im3m
Ph31mmc
P631mcm
I4lmcm
Pm3m
ImSm
P4lmmm
Cmcm
Pmm
Im5m
P6glmmc
Phase
-
?
-55 to -58
(a) Cubic structure presumed to be room- and higher-temperature phases. (b) Tetragonal structure
presumed to be lower-temperature phase.
20224/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ge-Ho
V.N. Eremenko, I.M. Obushenko, and Yu.1. Buyanov, 1980
Atomlc Percent Germanium
22W
Composition,
wt% Ge
Phsse
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P6glmmc
P63lmcm
Pnma
I4lmmm
Cmcm
...
Cmmm
P6lmmm
...
I4llamd
...
...
FdTm
1
0
5
0
8
0
7
0
8
0
9
0
1
0
Weight Percent Germanium
0
Ge
R.W. Olesinski, N. Kanani, and G.J. Abbaschian, 1992
Atomlc Percent lndlum
LO
0
Imo S
-
20
30
JO
40
-
-
80
70
60
-
90
lo(I
b
Phsse
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
100
cF8
112
FdTm
I4lmmm
(Ge)
(In)
0
Ge
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60
BO
Weight Percent l n d ~ u m
IW
In
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc Percent Potasslum
,zm;
I?
,2?&-41
50
80
70
P
80
.
?O
'
7
Phase
(a) Not shown in the
.. .... ,. .. .~.
o
Ge
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight Percent Potasslum
RO
9n
loo
Composition,
wt% K
ohase diaeram
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.225
Ge-La
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1989
Percent G e r m a n ~ u r n
ALornlc
0
10
20
30
40
- - "c - c - fo0081
,
50
I
,
60
70
,
80
,
90
' ,
100
Phax
(yLa)
@La)
(aLa)
La3Ge
LaSGe3
hGe3
LaSGe4
Lace
aLaGe2,
PLaGe2_x
(Gel
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
group
.
0
0
c12
cF4
hP4
t**
hP16
el28
OP*
oP8
ol*
t112
cF8
Imjm
Fmm
P63Immc
...
P63/mcm
143d
Pnma
Pnmo
Imma
14 ,/amd
~dSm
0
15
23.9
28.2
29.5
33 to 35
45.5 to 46.4
45.5 to 46.4
? t o 100
Space
--
aLaCe,,
-
30
40
50
60
1
70
80
80
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t G e r r n a n ~ u m
100
Ge
Ge-Li
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Composition,
wt% L i
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
~ d s m
14 I /a
Cmcm
...
...
Cmmm
143d
F23
lm3m
(a) Not shown in the diagram
Ge-Lu
H. Okarnoto, 1990
10
A l o i n ~ cP r r c e n t
20
30
Lutrt~~lm
40
60
70
80 90
....--50
+............
i.... +A..
Composition,
Phase
wt% LU
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fdjm
Cmcm
P6/mmm
...
I4lmmm
Pnma
P6jlmcm
P63lmmc
202261Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ge-Mg
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi, R.W. Olesinski, G.J. Abbaschian, and
I.B. Clark. 1988
A t o m l c Percent G e r m a n i u m
IZW
Phwe
(Mg)
MgzGe
(Ge)
Ge-Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
grow
-0
59.90
-100
hP 2
cF12
P63I~mc
Fm3m
rFX
~dTm
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1990
Atornlc Percent Gerrnanlum
0
Composition,
wt% Ge
10
20
1
30
4
40
0
60
50
70
0
80
SO
100
0
Phase
@Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
E
el
5
K
X
11
Mn3Ge2
(Gel
Mn
Welght Percent G e r r n a n ~ u m
Ge
Enlarged region of the Mn-Ge system
Atornlc Percent Germanlurn
22
I100 ---c
21
'. , . .
26
. I .
28
,
. , '
30
32
, . ' . . ..
,
,
,
,
34
!
36
,
,
,
, 8 ,
Welght Percent Germanium
#,A[
38
, ,
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 4.3
0 to -16
o to -13
0 to -2.0
-28.0
-28.0
-34.6
36
-39.9
-44.2
47
100
c12
cF4
~ ~
cI5 8
hP8
?I8
hP128
Im3m
Fmm
P4]32
Iz3m
P63/mmc
I4lmmm
P3cl
2
0
o**
...
hPh
hP16
P631mmc
P631mcm
cFX
Fd3m
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120227
Ge-Mo
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1987
Aiarnlc P e r c e n t Molybdenum
Composition,
wt% Mu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) Also reported as G e 4 1 M o ~and
j Get6Mog or Ge,,,Mo
0
10
Ge
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Molybdenum
80
90
100
Mo
Ge-Na
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(,r
Ge-Nb
From [Moffatt]
Atornlc Percent G e r r n a n ~ u r n
Phase
(Nb)
P
Nb5Ge3
NbGez
(Gel
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 9.2
15 to 19
32 to 38
-61.0
100
c12
cP8
t132
hP9
cF8
Im?m
Pm?n
I4lmcm
P6222
Fd?m
20228lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ge-Nd
o
0
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1989
10
20
10
30
40
20
Atomlc P e r c e n t Germanium
50
60
70
80
30
Nd
40
50
60
go
70
Weight
Percent
Germanium
Atoinlc
30
Percent
Germanium
50
60
80
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(aNd)
(PNd)
NdSGe3
Nd5Ge4
NdGe
aNdGe2,
PNdGe2,
(Ge)
0t0<1
Oto<l
22.3 to 23.2
26.8 to 27.8
33 to 33.5
43 to 44.7
43 to 44.7
100
hp4
c12
hP16
UP*
oC8
P63lmmc
Im3m
P63/mcm
Pnma
Cmcm
Imma
I4llamd
Fd3m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
0 to 19
26.4 to 29
29.9
33
38.4
-42
40 to 49
43 to 46
46 to 48
55.3
100
cF4
cP4
Fm3m
Pm3m
loo
80
oIX
tIl2
cF8
100
Ge
Ge-Ni
A. Nash and P. Nash, 1991
0
20
LO
1
40
6
0
70
0
80
90
100
0
(NO
PNi3Ge
yNi3Ge
SNi5Ge2
NizGe
€'Ni5Ge3
cNiSGe3
Ni19Ge12
Ni3Gez(a)
NiGe
(Ge)
NI
Weight
Percent Germanium
...
...
hP84
oP1 2
mC32
hP4
mC62
hP4
oPX
cFX
P63lmmc
Pnma
C2
P63lmmc
C2
P6glmmc
Pnp
Fd3m
Ge
Ge-P
R.W. Olesinski, N. Kanani, and G.J. Abbaschian, 1985
Atomic Percent Phosphorus
Phase
(Ge)
GeP
GeP(b)
GWb)
GePdb)
Red P
White P
Black P
Composition,
wt% P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.07
29.9
29.9
56
68.0
100
100
100
cF8
(a)
hh'2
hh'2
FdTm
C2lm
I4/m
R*
R3m
OCX
Cmca
(a) Orthorhombic. (b) High-temperature phase. (c) Tetragonal
0
0
Ge
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
Weight Percent Phosphorus
80
W
1W
P
(c)
...
...
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarnsl2.229
Ge-Pb
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1984
Atornlc Percent Lead
Phase
IWO
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
%TOUP
100
Ge
W e ~ g h t Percent Lead
Ph
Ge-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1992
(Ge)
GePd
GePdz
GeaPd21
Ge9Pdzs
GePd3
PGePd5
aGePd,
0%)
Ge-Pr
i
10
20
1800 ~
30
"
50
10
-
~
70
80
90
.J..
C_J_----+...
60
,
(BPr)
(aPr)
Pr3Ge
PrSGe3
Pr4Ge3
Pr5Ge4
Pffie
Prl,Ge
aPffiez,
PPffiez,
Pffiez
(Gel
Pr
-.-. "~..""--.."
Pearson
symbol
0
59.4
74.6
79.4
80 to 81.5
81.1 to 81.9
88.1 to 88.9
87.7 to 88.5
97.9 to 100
cF8
oP8
hP9
I1116
hP34
...
c12
mC24
cF4
Space
group
Fd?m
Pnm
~ 6
14 ~ / a
P3
2
~
...
lm3m
C2
Fm3m
A.B. Gokhale, A. Munitz, and G.J. Abbaschian, 1989
Atarnlc Percent Gerrnanlum
*
Composition,
wt% pd
We~ght Percent G e r r n a n ~ u m
^.
....
_,
..
_
Ce
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
0 to ?
0
15
23.8
27.9
29.2
34.0
35.5
45 to 46.3
45 to 46.3
-50.8
100
c12
hP4
t**
...
hP16
c128
oP *
oC8
oP8
ol*
t112
(112
cF8
P63lrncm
lad
Pnma
Cmcm
Pnm
Imma
I4 ,lamd
( 4 1lamd
Fd3m
2*230/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ge-Pt
H. Okarnoto, 1992
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~t
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ge)
Ge,Pt
Ge3Pt,
GePt
Ge2Pt3
GePtz
GePt3
(Pt)
o
57.3
64
72.9
80
84.3
9 0 to 91
97.4 to 100
CFX
oPh
of20
oPX
of40
hP9
mC16
cF4
~d3m
Pnnm
Pnma
Pnma
Pnma
~ 6 2
D/m
Fm3m
90 to 91
1116
~
Metastable phase
GePt3
I4lmcm
C.H. Lin, AS. Pashinkin, and A.V. Novoselova, 1963
- -
Phase
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
group
Space
(Gel
PGeS
aGeS
GeS2
0
30.6
30.6
46.9
cF8
h**
oPR
oF72
Fd3m
...
Pnma
Fdd2
- -
Ge-Sb
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1986
ALom~c Percent A n t ~ m o n y
0
l o o o r -..,-
10
..,.
i
20
30
40
50
60
f-..b
I
, 8
,
,8
70
00
80
I
I
I
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
Phase
(Ge)
(Sb)
0
100
cF8
hR2
F<Tm
R3m
100
group
400
Ge
Weight Percent Antimony
Sb
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.231
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1986
Ge-Sc
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t G e r m a m u r n
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2200
100
t
Phase
(PSc)
(~SC)
Sc~Gel
Sc5Ged
SCIIG~IO
ScGe
ScGez
(Gel
10
0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -3
48.1 to 50.3
c12
hP2
hP16
lm?m
P63/mmc
Ph31mcm
56.4
...
...
oC8
oC12
cF8
141m1nm
Cmcm
Cmcm
FdTm
0 to 4.3
59.5
61.8
76.4
-100
...
100
90
Welght P e r c e n t Gerrnanlurn
Sc
Composition,
wi% Ge
Ge
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 199(
Ge-Se
Phase
(Ge)
aGeSe
PGeSe
GeSez
We)
Composition,
w t % Se
0
52.1
52.1
68.5 1
100
Note: Crystal structures of the low-temperature a and
20
30
40
50
60
Pearson
symbol
cF8
oC8
cF8
Space
group
~dSm
Cmca
~m%n
...
...
hP3
P3121
P forms of Se are not known.
7'
Wright P r r c c n t S r l r n ~ u i n
Gr
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1981
Ge-Si
Atomlc
0
10
20
30
40
MI
50
Percent
70
Slllcon
90
60
High-pressure phases
Get1
Sill
9W
,
- , # .
0
Ge
LO
20
30
40
Weight
50
Percent
60
Sillcon
70
80
90
LO0
S1
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
...
114
114
I4 lamd
I41lamd
...
20232/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ce-Sm
A.B. Cokhale and C.J. Abbaschian, 1988
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t G e r m a n ~ u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
svmbol
Space
erou~
I800
lm3m
P63/mmc
R3m
P6glmcm
Pnma
Cmcm
Sm
Weight P e r c e n t G e r m a n i u m
Ge
Ce-Sn
R.W. Olesinski and C.J. Abbaschian, 1984
. -0 ,
20
LO
I000
Atornlc Percent Tin
30
40
50
,
BO
70
80
90
IW
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
(Gel
0 to 1.8
(PW
100
(us@
100
Pressure stabilized phase
GeII
0 t o 15
Crystallized from amorphous phase
GeYSnl,
42 to 62.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Weight P e r c e n t Tin
Ge
cF8
114
cF8
M1lamd
114
1411amd
cF8
Fz3m
Fdsm
Fd3m
Sn
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t G e r m a n ~ u m
Phase
1185.C
saa.a.c
Wr)
(PSI)
Sr2Ge
Sr4Ge3
SIGe
Sffiez
(Ge)
Sr
Space
group
LW
Ce-Sr
0
Pearson
symbol
10
20
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP p r c r n t G e r r n a n ~ u r n
30
80
90
100
C,?
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
o
cF4
c12
of12
0140
oC8
of24
cF8
0
29.3
-38.4
45.3
62.4
100
Space
group
~ m m
Im3m
Pnma
Immm
Cmcm
Pn-ma
Fd3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.233
H. Okamoto, 1990
Ce-Tb
Atorrilc
0
10
10
'l'r~rl~iun,
40
. L L L L..LLT.
L L L7..A.
..-A7.
.... .,
2000+.>, . - .
I'rr<.i.nt
20
...
'10
-
GO
110
70
...... ,....-. . ...
'30
\-.--l..
100
,I
phase
(Ge)
Ge3,Tb
GeZTb
PGe2,Tb
aCe2,Tb
GeTb
GeTbS
(Tb)
WelghL P r r c e n t Terbium
Ce
Composition,
w t k ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
45
52.2
56
56
59
59
68.6
70.7
73.3
78.5
100
cF8
oC18
...
1112
...
hP3
...
oC8
1184
oP36
hP16
hP2
Fd3m
C2221
...
l4]/amd
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Composition,
wt% Ge
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
hP2
hP16
0144
oF24
cF8
lm3m
P63/mmc
P631mcm
Immm
Fddd
Fm3m
...
P6lmmm
...
Cmcm
I4Immm
Pnma
P6j/mcm
P63lmmc
'I'b
Ge-Te
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o r n ~ cPercent T e l l u r l u r n
0
20
10
30
I000 f----.-7..~.7---7'---7*.++
40
50
GO
70
..
80
,A
q0
.,...l_-
Phase
Space
UP
448.57.C
0
Ce
10
20
40
50
60
711
Welght P e r c e n t ' T r l l u r ~ u n r
30
DO
90
H. Okamoto, 1990
TI
-..--
..
....
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t G e r m a n l u ~ n
...
Ge
2*234/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ge-TI
R.W. Olesinski and C.J. Abbaschian, 1985
Atornlc
3?
.+
--.
-..-.-
1200j
Perccnt Thalhum
20
Phase
W e ~ g h tPercent Thallium
Ge
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
T1
Ge-Tm
H. Okamoto, 1990
Alomic P e r c e n t
ssoo
Space
group
-+..-..
0
10
20
30
T h u h u m
40
50
60
70
80
00 100
Phase
Composition,
wl% Tm
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
FdTm
Cmcm
...
...
P6lmmm
...
Cmcm
I4lmmm
Pnma
P631mcm
P6dmmc
400
0
Ge
10
20
30
40
50
80
W e ~ g h tPercent T h u l l u r n
70
80
00
100
Tm
V.S. Lyashenko and V. Bykov, 1960
Phme
Composition,
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
FdTm
Pm3m
P6lmmm
Cmcm
Cmcm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*235
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1988
Composition,
wt% Ge
Phase
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P63lrnmc
Im3m
P63Imcm
Pnma
14lmmm
Cmcm
Pccm(a)
P6lmmm
Fdd2
14 ,larnd
Cmcm
C222 1 ( a )
Fd3m
(aY)
(PY)
Y5Ge3
YsGe4
YIIG~IO
YGe
PYL%
aY ,Ge3
W$~S
aY3Ge~
YGe2
Y2Ge7
(Gel
(a) Tenlahve
We~ght Percent G e r r n a n ~ u m
Y
Ge
V.N. Eremenko, K.A. Meleshevich, and Yu.1. Buyanov, 1983
Atornlc Percent Y t t e r b ~ u r n
10
20
30
+0
50
60
70
80
YO I00
----+___I___IC_C_3r_IpUl_i
Ge
Wrlehl I'rrcent
1tterb~urn
Phase
Composition,
wt% Yh
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1985
Atornlc Percent Zlnc
80
90
- .-.70
A--4---C,*--+
Ge
Space
group
Yb
Ge-Zn
0
Pearson
symbol
10
20
30
40
50
60
W e ~ g h t Percent Z ~ n c
70
80
90
100
IW
Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2*236/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
D. Khatamian and F.D. Manchester, 1990
H-La
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Hvdroeen
Composition,
Phase
(yLa)(a)
@La)@)
@La)@)
6
wt%
H
o t o 0.6
0 t o 0.2
o t o 0.01
1 to 2
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
cF4
hp4
cF16
1m5m
Fm3m
Pb31mmc
Fm3m
(a) From 865 to 918 "C a t 0 at.% H. (b) From 310 to 4 6 5 'Cat 0 at.% H. (c) Up to <310°C a t 0 at.% H
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Hydrogen
La
J.F. Smith, 1983
Atornlc P e r c e n t Hydrogen
, 50
. . . . . . . . <.!.
60
Composition,
.....
wt%
L,
Y
6
h, 0,P,u, 5
H
-0.83 t o 0.92
-0.96
-2.13
Pearson
symbol
(a)
(b)
cF12
Space
group
...
...
Fmm
(a) H-deficient P structure having ordering of H atoms. (b) Possibly a face-cenlered tetragonal structure
Nb
Welght P e r c e n t Hydrogen
Peritectoid cascade region of the Nb-H phase diagram
Atomic P e r c e n t Hydrogen
40
07
12
44
, . . . .'. . . . . ,
46
. I . .
. . . . . 10
! ,. . . . . .
50
. ' ,
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
08
09
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Hydrogen
I
I1
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120237
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(a) High-temperature phase; exists ktween 680 and 880 "C. (b) Not shown in the phase d~agram.(c) Ideal
stoichiometri; structure based on neutron-diffraction studies on samoles w ~ t hthe comoosition NdD,
&
,
H-Ni
M.L. Wayman and G.C. Weatherly, 1991
Atornlc
0 02
1480-
P e r c e n t Hydrogen
0 03
P
m
n
0
o
L
00001
.
-
Phase
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ni)
0 to -0.0002
cF4
Fmm
0 05
0 01
.-4__r__Cr_m7.-.
= 50 MPa
vp
-v
-.-v
00002
00003
00004
00005
W e ~ g h tPercent
NI
000OG
00007
00000
00009
0
Hydrogen
A. San-Martin and F.D. Manchester, unpublished
A-T- - h , - - +oOs
0
I0
20
--..,
-
Atornlc
30
Percent Hydrogen
40
50
-.L-.-
*
50 Atm
Phase
(Pd)
a or (Pd)
a' or (Pd)
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0 to 0.019(a)
-0.567(a)
cF4
cF8
Fm3m
FmSm
(b)
...
...
1411amd
14Im
L o w - t e m p e r a t u r e phases(c)
A2B2
A4B
0.601
0.715
(a) At 25 "C. (b) fcc. ( c ) Below 100 K
Pd
Welght
P e r c e n t Hydrogen
tll0
20238lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H-Sr
D.T. Peterson and R.P. Colburn, 1964
Phase
($Sr)
(aSr)
Y
PSrH2
aSrHz
Sr
Composition,
wt% H
0 to 0.9
o to ?
? t o 0.3
2.3
2.3
Pearson
symbol
Space
c12
Im3m
~m~
C F ~
hP*
...
of12
...
...
Pnma
Weight P e r c e n t Hydrogen
A.San-Martin and
Atomic P e r c e n t Hydrogen
Phase
(aTa)
(a'Ta)
E
$
8
rl
S
c
Y
Composition,
wt% H
o to 0.28
0.28 to 0.42
0.22 to 0.32
0.26 to 0.35
0.30 to 0.36
0.34 to -0.37
0.37 to 0.438
0.395 to -0.398
0.436 to 0.439
F.D.Manchester, 1991
Pearson
symbol
C I ~
c12
mC*
mC*
...
...
of*
...
...
Space
group
1m3m
ImSm
C222
C222
...
...
Pnnm
...
...
Weight Percent Hydrogen
Ta
H-Ti
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc P e r c e n t Hydrogen
1800
group
0
30 45
65
75
80
Phase
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
erous
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.239
A. San-Martin and F.D. Manchester, unpublished
Atornlc P e r c e n t Hydrogen
0
1500+--+
10
, ,
1P
C.
.,..,.,
20
!.
. . . . . . ., . . . . .
30
!.
40
. . , . . . . . . , . . , . . .d
-.-
Phase
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
woup
0 to 0.069
0 to 0.01 1
0 to 0.0014
1.25
1.25
c12
tP30
oc4
cP32
cP8
1mSm
P421mnm
Cmcm
Pm3n
Pm3n
591 MPa
(a) Metastable phase
(au) +
E
limit of H solubility and are
°
0
Welght
0I
P e r c e n t Hydrogen
U
H-V
J.F. Smith and D.T. Peterson, 1989
A t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Hydrogen
10
20
30
40
50
-*-S-.-'---+_1_
-.---
H2 Preaaure
V
= 1 bar
60
-
--
Phase
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
a or ( V )
!% or V 2 W - T )
P2 or V2H or VH
6 or V3H2
y or VH2
0 to ?
-0.97
-0.97 to 1.94
-1.30
3.81
c12
m C6
rF6, rF8?
mCl0
cF12
Im?m
C2lm
...
...
F ~
S
~
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Hydrogen
E. Zuzek, J.P. Abriata, A.San-Martin, and F.D. Manchester, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% H
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
a or (aZr)
P or (PZr)
0 to 0.07
o to -1.28?
1.4 to -2.1?
1.89
hP2
c12
cF12
116
Pb31mmc
1m3m
~mSm
14lmmm
-0.0 1 1
tP6
P42In
6
E
Metastable phase
Y
%r
W p ~ g h tP c r c c n t H y d r o g e n
2*240/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% I r
Hf-Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
H. Okamoto, unpublished
Atomlc Percent Maneanese
Phase
Composition,
wt% M n
Pearson
symbol
Space
grow
I m b
P6gImmc
FdTm
P63/mmc
P6glmmc
Im3m
Fmm
P4132
IT3m
500
0
10
20
Hf
30
40
50
60
70
80
80
Weight Percent Manganese
100
Mn
Hf-Mo
From [Molybdenum]
A t o m i c Percent H a f n ~ u r n
Composition,
wt% HI
"c
0
Mo
10
20
J)
10
50
80
70
Weight Percent H a f n i u m
80
90
IW
Hf
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*241
H. Okamoto, 1990
HfN
+
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
N2
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Nltrogen
Hf-Nb
H. Okamoto, 1991
phase
ti f
We~ght Prreent N ~ o b ~ r l n i
P. Nash and A. Nash, 1991
Hf-Ni
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t H a f n l u r n
Composition,
wt% HI
(Ni)
Ni5Hf
Ni7HfZ
PNi,Hf
aNi3Hf
NiZ1Hf6
Ni7Hf3
NilOHf7
NillHf9
NiHf
NiHfl
(PHO
(aHf)
1
m
1700
U
0
!i
1
e
1500
a
L
z
$
1
m
11m
m
0
NI
Space
group
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
Weight P e r c e n t H a f n ~ u r n
80
90
IW
Hf
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmm
~43m
...
P63/mmc
R3m
PI
P1
C2ca
14/m
Cmcm
I411ym
Im3m
P63lmmc
2*242/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
From [Hafnium]
A t o r n ~ c Percent Oxygen
0
32001
10
'
20
'
30
10
,
,
50
60
70
8
Phme
(PHO
(aHf)
Hf02
Composition,
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
0 to 0.8
0 to 2.5
-13.2 to 15.4
-13.2 to 15.4
-13.7 to 15.4
c12
hP2
cF12
mP12
Composition,
wt% 0 s
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 t o 13
0 to 2
-24
-30
-35
-47 to 54
-64 to 73
c12
hP2
Im3m
P631mmc
t**
Space
erou~
Im?m
P631mmc
Fmm
...
P~I/c
. .
8004
5
0
Hf
10
I5
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Oxygen
Hf-0s
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent O s m ~ u m
Phase
(pH0
(aHO
I3
5
Hf20s
HfOs
HfOs2
(0s)
100
grow
...
...
...
...
cP2
cF96
hP12
hP2
PmTm
FdTm
P63lmmc
P6dmmc
Hf-Rh
H. Okamoto. 1990
we-YA t o m ~ cP e r c e n t R h o d ~ u r n
90
I
Phrw
(PHO
(aHf)
Hf2Rh
HfRh
mwc
Hf3Rh5
HfRh,
(Rh)
Weight P e r c e n t R h o d ~ u r n
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
22 to 23
36 to 44
47 to 51
59 to 7 2
100
c12
hP2
cF96
cP2
of16
cP4
cF4
Im3m
P631mmc
Fd!m
Pm3m
Pbam
Pm2m
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.243
A.B. Gokhale and C.J. Abbaschian, 1989
Phase
(aHf)
(PHD
Hf2Si
Hf3Si2
Hf5Si4
HfSi
HfSi2
(Si)
Composition,
wt% Si
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
-0
-0
7.3
9
11.2
13.6
24.0
100
hP2
el2
t112
tPl0
P631mmc
Im3m
I4/mcm
P4lmhm
P41212
Pnma
Cmcm
Fd3m
Note: The presence of MnsSi3-type ( 4
the presence of interstitlal ~rnpurities.
4 Hf5Si3 has been
...
oP8
oC12
cF8
reported. However, the phase occurs only in
R. Krishnan, S.P. Garg, and N. Krishnamurthy, 1989
Composition,
w t % Ta
Pearson
svmbol
Space
erou~
D.T. Peterson and D.J.Beerntsen, 1960
h t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t U r a n l u m
2
0
4
0
I0
0 ~
-
20
SO
L-,
1
L
...
.... 40
-+
50
.,.-- 60-.&
70
80
90
Phase
Composition,
~ 1 u%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to -3
100
100
cI2
hP2
tP30
0c4
lm5m
Pb31mmc
P42/mnm
Cmcm
20244/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
J.F. Smith, 1989
Atomic P e r c e n t Vanadium
0 10 20 30
40
50
80
70
Phase
2Zll.c
Composition,
wt% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
Z~OUD
I000
Hf
Weight Percent Vanadium
V
Hf-W
S.V. Nagender Naidu and P. Rama Rao, 1991
Weight Percent Tungsten
Phase
.----I. _.I-
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
0 to 13.8
0 to -0.9
cI2
hP2
cF24
cI2
13422.C
3300 -
8
,/-
(aHf)
HfW2
,/*
(w)
L
2800 -
(PHf)
-67.4
-91 to 100
Space
group
~ m h
Pb31mmc
FCn
Im3m
Y
G
,
.
- -
-
I
d
m
U
23002231T:b.c.
-
:, ,
::
I
.t
'.
.:4.9
8.3
1949T
-06
:'
(BW
1713.C-,
*d (W) 1
&/---
.;..:'.
-..'
, .
.'?.
C
2512.C
;.47.4
- - - - 5
I
II
&$
II
,,'
I
'
148O.C
%.#'
4
40I
Weight Percent Tungsten
Hf
:
W
Hf-Zr
J.P. Abriata, J.C. Bolcich, and H.A. Peretti, 1982
A t o m i c Percent H a f n i u m
21W
(aZr,aHf)
(PZr,PHf)
@(a)
Composition,
wt% HI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 100
o to loo
hP2
cI2
hP3
P63lmmc
ImTm
~ 3 1m
(P6lmmm?)
(a) Metastable at room temperature and zero pressure
8W
0
Zr
10
ZU
30
40
50
80
70
Weight Percent H a f n i u m
80
90
LW
Hf
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2-245
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent lndlurn
0
10
20
50
10
30
60
70
60
SO
I""
Phace
Composition,
wt% In
(In)
0 to -10
10 to 14
33 to 38
53.4
67 to 89.8
90.6 to 100
Phase
Composition,
wt% K
(Hg)
Hg4ln
Hgln
Wn2
E
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hR 1
R3m
Fed
R3m
...
oF8
hR2
...
cF4
t12
F
~
S
~
141mmm
A.E. Vol and I.K. Kagan, 1979
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t P o t a s s l u m
0 1020 30 40
4m"?CU-C"--
50
60
70
80
90
---
-
--- .
1
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
R3"
Pm3m
...
...
...
...
Imma
Pbcm
Pl
Im3m
10C
Weight P e r c e n t P o t a s s l u m
K
Hg-La
C. Guminski, unpublished
A t o m l r P e r c e n t Mercury
Phase
1200
Composition,
wt% ~g
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
ImSm
FmSm
P63lmmc
PmSm
P6lmmm
P63lrnmc
Fz3m
P63lmmc
Cmcm or C2cm or
cn5c2,
R3m
60
La
Weight P e r c e n t Mercury
Hg
2*246/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Hg-Li
From [Hansenl
Atomic Percent L i t h ~ u m
0 50 70
80
90
95
700
Phase
Pearson
symbol
Space
woup
A.A. Nayeb-Hasherni and J.B. Clark, 1988
Hg-Mg
Atomic Percent Mercury
0
7
Composition,
wt% ~i
10
0
0
20
7
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~g
Pearson
symbol
Hg-Na
Space
group
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-
R3m
...
P61mmm
...
...
Cmcm
P42jmnm
...
...
Im3m
Welght Percent Sodlum
Na
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*247
Hg-Pb
From [Hansenl
A t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Lcad
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
80
I
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ph
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
hR 1
R3m
P4Iyrn
Fm3m
127.50Z°C
(Hg)
HgPb2
(Pb)
-66
-76
to
to
-7 1
100
tP2
cF4
Hg-Rb
From [Hansenl
A t o m i c P e r c e n t Rubldluni
300w
6~
4 0 5 0
-
-
-
-
30
+
70
-
40
-
~
80
-
50
t
-
90
-
60
~
-
70
-
Weight Percent R u b i d i u m
80
loo
,-.. -t
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% R b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1
100
Rb
Hg-S
R.C. Sharma, Y.A. Chang, and C. Guminski, 1992
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t
Sulfur
Phrse
Hg
YHgs
pH@
aHgS
GHgS(b)
(PS)(c)
(as)@)
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
0
14.19 to 14.47
13.8 to 15.61
13.8 to 15.5
13.8
100
100
hR I
(a)
cF8
hP6
cF8
mP*
oF128
( a ) Hexagonal. ( b ) Above 13 GPa ( c ) From 95.5 to 115.22 T.
(d) At <95.5 "C
Weight P e r c e n t S u l f u r
S
R5m
...
~Z3m
P3121
~mSm
p21/c
Fddd
20248/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Hg-Se
R.C. Sharma, Y.A. Chang, and C. Cuminski, 1992
Atomlc Percent S e l e n ~ u r n
800
Phase
(a) Between
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0.30 and -7 GPa. (b) Between -7 GPa and 13.3 GPa. (c) Above 13.3 GPa
Hg-Sn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomrc Percent Mercury
250
Phase
Sn
Composition,
wt% ~g
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Weight Percent Mercury
Hg-Sr
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
A t o r n ~ cPercent Strontium
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
R3m
...
Pmm
P63mc
P6lm
P63lmmc
Immc
P6lm-mm
Pm3m
P4lmbm
t
...
C
V]
10
Pnmo
ImTm
Fm3m
20
30
40
50
80
70
Weight Percent S t r o n t i u m
80
90
100
Sr
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/Zm249
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
Phaw
(Hg)
aHgTe
PHgTeb)
(Te)
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearsan
symbol
0
30.9
38.9
-98 to 100
hR 1
cF8
hP6
hP3
Space
group
~ z m
FT3m
P3,21
P3,21
(a) H~gh-pressureform
4c
Hg
TP
Weight P e r c e n t T e l l u r i u m
Hg-TI
C. Guminski, unpublished
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T h a l l l u m
20
30
40
50
- - - - t . - + - - + - p - .
60
70
80
90
.....,+-.
...-
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hR 1
(aT1)
0
-29
80 to 100
? t o 100
~ ? m
Fm3m
Im3m
P6dmmc
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
Phase
(aHg)
Y 01 Hg5T12
@TI)
cF4
c12
hP2
L A . Zabdyr and C. Guminski, unpublished
Hg-Zn
A t o r n l c P e r c e n t Zinc
(a) Possibly a hexagonal structure
Pearson
svmbol
Space
erouo
20250/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atornlc P e r c e n t l n d l u r n
1600
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
(aHo)
(PHo)
HozIn
PHosh
aHo&
HoIn
0 to -6
0 to 15
25.8
29.5
29.5
33 to41.0
hP2
1.12
hP6
hP16
1/32
c P2
Ho31n,
HoIn3
(In)
53.7
68
100
oC32
c P4
112
Phase
I**
Ho-Mn
P63Immc
lm7m
P63fmmc
P63/mcm
14lmcm
~ m m
...
Cmcm
Pm3m
14/mmm
H.R. Kirchmayr and W. Lugscheider, 1967
ALornlc P e r c e n t M a n g a n e s e
0
Space
group
10 20 30
40
50
60
70
80
. + ~ . - + . . . , . ~ . - + . - - . A - , ~ . -
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
crow
1474%
1400
L
Ho
Mn
Welght P e r c e n t Manganese
Ho-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1991
A L o r n ~ cPercent P a i l a d ~ u m
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
80
Composition,
100
phase
wt% ~d
(a) Similarity to SmlOPdZlis assumed.
Ho
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Palladium
Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
r149
tPl0
cP2
oP 8
hR 14
P6j/mmc
141a
P4/m_bm
Pm3m
Pnmo
R?
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramd2.251
H. Okamoto, 1990
\:
Fmm
C222
R3m
(a) Syntheslred under h ~ g hpressure
E.I. Yarembash, E.S. Vigileva, A.A. Eliseev, A.V. Zachatskaya,
T.G. Aminov, and M.A. Chernitsyna, 1974
Ho-Te
, \ t o m ~ cI ' P ~ <c r ~ l' I ~ ~ l l u r l u r n
0
4
20
10
1600
-_A
. , ...!IIi....,.
:;;
$0
50
60
...........
+- - -
70
80
90
100
-A
,,,,
,
11400 :
s
-
-
.-.
.
-.
.
,,'
49
\\
s __I-
IIIO='C
--
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
44 t-0
o <49
-65.9
70
-100
hP2
cF8
oC28
oCl6
hP 3
Ph3lmmc
FmTm
Cmcm
Cmcm
P3121
HaTe
2
d
m
800
uP
E
C
600
,
156'~
400
Z
200
..,...-----7-----..1.....--7----F......
10
20
30
40
50
0
0
x
'
60
70
80
90
100
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Phase
Composition.
w t l TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
hPl6
t132
cP2
(or c l 2 )
rP2
oC32
P63/mmc
P6llmcm
14lmcm
Pm3m
lmTm
P4lmmm
Cmcm
Pm3m
Im3m
P631mmc
cP4
c12
hP2
(a) C u b ~ cstructure presumed to be room- and higher-temperature phase. (b) Tetragonal structure presumed
to be lower-temperature phase
Ho
Weight Percent T h a l l i u m
TI
2.252/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
In-K
H. Okamoto, 1992
Composition,
Phase
wt%
K
o
(In)
In4K
In~Kz(a)
InzK(b)
(K)
8
-13
14 to 19
100
In-La
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
t12
1/10
I4llmmm
14/mmm
...
...
...
...
d2
Im3m
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1992
Atomlc P e r c e n t L a n t h a n u m
1400
Composition,
wt% La
Phase
(In)
In3La
In2La
In5La3
In,La
InLa
0
29
37.7
-42 to -43.1
?
-54.7
70.8
78
91.4 to 100
In-Li
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
112
cP4
0112
0C32
.. .
cP2
..
hP6
cP4
c12
141m-mm
Pm3m
lmma
Cmcm
...
Prnm
Pmmm
P63/mmc
Pmsm
Im'h
J. Sangster and A.D. Pelton, 1992
Atomlc Percent L ~ t h l u m
90
Phpse
Composition,
wt% Li
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
I4lmmm
FgTm
P3_m1
R3m
Cmcm
Fdsm
P63lmmc
lm3m
(a) At 415 'C. ( b ) Below -193 OC
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*253
In-Lu
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m l c Fc~r-crnt I n d ~ u n i
10
0
20
:30
40
SO
60
70
00
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Lu)
LuJn
LushS
LuIn
Lu,In,
LuIn,
(In)
0 to ?
24.7
28.3 to 35
39.6
52.2
66
100
c12
hP6
hP16
cP2
oC32
cP4
112
1mSm
P6jImmc
P63lmcm
Pm3m
Cmgm
Pm3m
I4lmmm
Phase
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 53.2
58.8 to 98.5
-62 to 74.7
-58.5 to 6 2
65.4
-7 1
-75 to 87
-91.5 to 93.6
99 to 100
hP2
cF4
cP4
hR16
0128
hP9
tP2
cP4
r12
P6jlmmc
Fm3m
Pm3m
R3m
Ibam
~ 6 2 m
P4Immm
PmSm
I4lmmm
100
90
Phlse
156.634.C
0
20
10
90
10
1.u
Weight
50
60
Prrcent
70
80
100
90
In
l r ~ d ~ u n r
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1992
In-Mg
Atomic
I I1
0
I'rrrrtlt
20
indium
10
7 0 0 L._--,,,...-~T~.,,,,,,,,,+-...,.~.,
10
10
,,..,...,.
,
1..
1,
....
60 711 HI1 l 0 0
1
..I..
500 -
0
3
4
m
-
high temperatures,
P I has a cubic structure, space group Pm3rn. Pearson symbol cP4.
200-
100-
0
10
LO
40
1O
ME
50
Weight P e r c e n t
00
70
80
90
100
Ill
Indlurri
H. Okamoto, 1992
30
40
a
600:
400
-----4-*.-2
I
,
*
,1._....
!i
ALort~icP e r c e n t h l a n g a n c s c
50
60
70
00
90
ec:z:l:xi ij
127.C
I/'
83VC
:
I/
1;
o
ac
:I
.
-156.643'C
. .-r------. , p
.
0
In
10
20
30
40
Welght
50
60
70
Percen? M a n g a n e s e
80
90
i
100
Mn
Phase
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
75
c12
Im3m
Metastable phase
...
2*254/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
In-Na
S. Larose and A.D. Pelton, 1992
A t o m ~ cPercent Sodium
0
20 30 40
50
80
70
500
Phw
(In)
IngNadb)
InNa
InNa3(b)
(PW
(aNa)
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.6
11.1
16.7
112
I4/mmm
...
100
100
...
cF16
...
~d3m
...
...
~12
hP2
~mTm
P6glmmc
(a) At 160 'C. (b) Stoichiometrv uncertain
Weight P e r c e n t Sodium
In
Na
In-Nb
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic P e r c e n t Niobium
Phase
Z469.C Y.P.
(In)
InNb3
-L
E
(Nb)
Composition,
wt% N b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
71 to 86
79 to 94
100
t12
cP 8
I4/m-m
Pm3n
...
...
c12
ImTm
-
C-
d
o
In
Weight P e r c e n t Niobium
Nb
In-Nd
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m ~ cPercent l n d ~ u r n
1400
Phase
(PNd)
(aNd)
Nd31n
NdzIn
NdIn
Nd31n5
NdIn3
(In)
0
Nd
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t lndlurn
70
80
90
100
In
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
group
Space
0 to 10
0 to 4
21
28.4
36 to 44.3
57.0
71
100
cI2
hP4
cP4
hP6
cP2
0C32
cP4
!I2
Imh
P63/mmc
prn3-m
P63/?rnc
Pm3m
Cmcm
Pm3m
I4/mmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*255
M.F. Singleton and P. Nash, 1992
In-Ni
Atomic Percent lndlurn
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phase
-"A
T
-
1600
(NO
Ni31n
rl(Ni2In)
1 4 5 5 ~
1400
i
I200
t-'
W'Jidng)
~(Niln)
G(NiIn)
Ni21n3
NizaIn72
(In)
Metastable phase
1000
0,
3
e
son
m
a
$
5-
600
E'
Composition,
w t l In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 24.9
38.8 to 40.1
cF4
hP8
hP6
hP4
~m?im
P63/mmc
P63lrnmc
P631mmc
49.4
47 to 58.1
55.1 to 58.8
65.7 to 66.6
67.5 to 73
7 4 to 75
82 to 82.4
-100
27.7 to 40
...
...
hP6
cP2
hP5
P6lmmm
Pm3m
~?ml
...
...
112
14lmmm
el2
Im3m
400
200
lW.834.C
0
10,
0
20
40
30
NI
50
fi0
70
80
90
100
Percrnt Indium
Wrlght
In
H. Okarnoto, 1992
Atomic
1200
Y ' P
20
1.
PercerlL 1'11osph~1.11~
......,. ,30
......
1,
40
,I.
.
........
10
Phase
Composition,
wtl P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Stable phases
(In)
InP
0
21.2
High-pressure phases
InP II(a)
InP III(b)
InP3
21.2
21.2
45
(a) 10.8 to 18.9 GPa. (b) >18.9 GPa
................................................................
,5B,834DC
21 2
o O ~ I 1 l,
0
. I
0
In
, .......... -rLO_.
Welght
) .
I5
. . . . . . ._,LO
Percent Phosphorus
J.P. Nabot and I. Ansara, 1992
In-Pb
Atomic P e r c e n t Lead
o
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
LOO
Phase
(In)
a
(Pb)
50
In
Welght P e r c e n t Lead
Pb
Composition,
w t l Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to ?
-24 to -44
? t o 100
112
1I2
cF4
l4/mmm
I4lmmm
Fm3m
20256/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
In-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m ~ cPercent Palladium
Phase
(In)
In3Pd
In3Pd2
InPd
In3PdS
PInPd2
aInPd2
PInPd3
aInPd3
(Pd)
In
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
24
t12
c*52
hP5
tP2
oPl6
I4lmmm
37 to 38
43 to 59.7
60.7
61.7 to 65.5
64 to 65.0
72 to 7 4
73.0 to 74.1
80 to 100
...
PTm 1
Pm3m
Pbam
...
...
oP12
Pnma
...
...
118
cF4
I4Immm
FmTm
We~ght Percent P a l l a d ~ u m
In-Pr
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent I n d ~ u m
1400
Phase
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 8.1
(12
hP4
cP4
hP6
1m3m
P631mmc
PmTm
P6jlmmc
(PW
(aW
Pr31n
Pr21n
PPrl+xIn
aPrl+,In
PrIn(a)
0 to 4.6
21
28.9
-4 1
41
44.9
...
...
...
cP2
Pmqm
...
(a) Metastable or same as RInl+,?
C
0
Weight Percent Indium
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Platlnum
1600
.....
In
Welght Percent P l a t ~ n u m
Pt
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(In)
In7Pt3
In2Pt
In3Rz
InPt
1n5fi6(a)
In9R13
PInzPt3
aIn2Pt3
InPt2
InPt3
InR3
(pt)
0
42
45.9
53
61 to 64
6 4 to 67.1
68 to 71
70 to 72.7
72
77.1 to 78
80.6 to 84.3
83.6
93 to 100
112
c140
cF12
hP5
14lm-mm
ImTm
Fm3m
P3ml
mC'20
mC44
hP4
hP20
oC16
cP4
tP4
cF4
C2Im
C2lm
P631mmc
PT1c
C?m
Pm3m
P4Im-mm
Fm3m
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*257
H. Okamoto, 1992
In-Pu
A t o ~ n ~Pce r c e n t Plutan!urrl
,
.
m
- . . .A
20
L
30
. 40
c50
.60
70
*
80
90
100
Composition,
W ~ W
PU
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(In)
In,Pu
In5Pu,
InPu
0
42 t o 44
56.1
66 t o 70
'l
InPu,
73.8 t o 81
84.5 t o 88
(EPu)
(6'Pu)
(@u')
(Ypuf
(PW
(apu)
99.3 t o 100
100
99 t o 100
100
100
100
t12
cP4
...
tP2
t12
...
cP4
cF4
c12
t12
cF4
oF8
mC34
mp16
14lmmm
PmSm
(a)
P4lmmm
I4lmmm
...
pm"
Fm3m
ImJm
14/mmm
Phase
F
~
J
~
Fddd
C2lm
P21lm
(a) Complex
A.D. Pelton and S. Larose, 1992
In-Rb
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t R u b l d l u m
Phase
(In)
In4Rb
In,Rbda)
In~Rbdb)
(Rb)
Composition,
w t % ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
16
-33
r12
tIl0
...
...
...
100
c12
I4lmmm
I41mmm
...
...
1m3m
(a) Stolchlometry requ~resverificat~on.(b) Existence and stoichiometry require verificat~on.
Weight P e r c e n t K u b i d ~ u m
Rb
H. Okarnoto, 1992
Phase
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
14/mmm
Atomic P ~ r c e n tS u l f u r
1
2
0
0
~
,
-
-
6-4 0
70
--...T. &
, -......,.
80
Space
group
90
Pnnm
P21lm
P3ml
~ d j m
14,lamd
P21lc
Fddd
Metastable phase
Welght P r r c ~ n tS u l f u r
i-:
InS'
High-pressure phase
21.8
eW%
29.5
hRlO
R3c
(a) Probably a ternary compound. (b) Low-temperature phase. (c) High-temperature phase. Conflicts wlth
vln?S?
2*258/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
In-Sb
R.C. Sharma, T.L. Ngai, and Y.A. Chang, 1992
10
__i
20
Atornlc P e r c e n t A n t ~ r n o n y
30
10
50
60
70
4,
8 '
,'
80
90
Phase
(In)
Na)
((a)
%(a)
aInSb
PInSb(a)
y~(a)
yInSb(a)
yInSb(a)
GInSb(a)
<<pSn>>(a)
n'(a)
NC)
InSb (thin films)(c)
(Sb)
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
-21
-4 1
49.0
51.5
51.5
51.5 to 56
51.5
51.5
51.5
56
58.9
61 to 7 1
tl2
hP6
t132
oP4
cF 8
tl4
OP 2
(b)
oP4
OP2
t14
h~ I
CPI
hP4
hR2
F4lmmm
P63lmmc
141mcm
...
100
...
FT3m
141/amd
~mmz
...
Pmmm or Pmmn
Pmm2
1411amd
R3m
Pmm
P62mc
R3m
(a) High-pressure phase. (b) Hexagonal. ( c ) Metastable phase
In-Sc
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic P e r c e n t I n d l u m
1600
Phax
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
(PSC)
(asc)
Sc31n
SczIn
Sc51n3
ScIn
Sc31n5
ScIn3
(In)
o to 39
0 to 31
46
56.0
60.5 to 71.9
71.9
81.0
89
100
~12
hP2
hPX
hP h
...
.
.
...
cP4
t12
Space
group
[myrn
P63/mmc
P631mmc
P63lmmc
...
...
...
Pmm
141mmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.259
H. Okamoto, 1992
In-Se
Composition,
w t l Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
I4lmmm
Pnnm
R3m
P63/mmc
P2lm
P21lm
...
P6 1
P6 I
R3m
R3m
P631mmc
...
...
P63
P3,21
Uncertain phases and structures
We(0
lnSe
In6Se7
In,Se6
In,Se4
InsSe,
In2Se3
InzSedg)
In~Sedh)
InSe,
Pnnm
...
P211m
...
...
25.6
40.7
44.5
45.2
47.8
49.0
51
51
51
51
...
P65
...
...
...
(a) Probably metastable. (b) High-pressure phase. (c) P tt a transition is ambiguous. (d) Metastable. (e)
Thln f ~ l m (0
. Probably InlSe7. (g) Probably In6Se7. (h) Same as In&,'?
In-Si
R.W. Olesinski, N. Kanani, and G.J.Abbaschian, 1992
Atomic Percent l n d l u m
o
Phase
(Si)
(In)
0
Si
10
2U
30
40
53
60
Weight P e r c e n t I n d i u m
70
80
90
ID0
In
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
cF8
r12
FdTm
I41mmm
-100
2*260/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
In-Srn
H. Okarnoto, 1992
A t a m ~ cPercent Indlum
Composition,
wt% I n
1400
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
Oto 11
0 to 4
0
20
26 to 28
38 to 42
56 to 57
70
100
Weight Percent Indlurn
Sm
In
In-Sn
H. Okarnoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent Tin
0
2
10
20
30
5
40
50
80
70
0
80
90
100
p
phase
(In)
P
Y
(PSn)
(asn)
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 12.4
12.4 to 44.8
73 to ?
t12
112
I4Immm
I4Imrnm
P6lmmm
I4,land
Fd3m
?to 100
100
hP5
t14
C F ~
-
In-Sr
H. Okarnoto, 1992
Atomic Percent S t r o n t i u m
Composition,
I000
Phme
(In)
In&
In$r
InsSr2?
Inz%
In3Sr2
InSr
In3Sr5
InSr3
@SO
(aW
. . . . .
In
Welght Percent S t r o n t i u m
Sr
wt% Sr
0
13.3
20
23.4
27.6
34
43.3
56.0
70
100
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
t12
hP'
hP8
Mlmmm
...
P63lmmc
...
...
hP6
P63lmmc
...
o**
1132
cF16
~12
cF4
...
...
I4/m_cm
Fm3m
Im3m
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*261
H. Okamoto, 1992
Phase
(PTb)
(aTb)
TbJn
Tb51n3
TbIn
T W S
Tbln3
(In)
Composition,
wt% I n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 13
0 to 7
26.5
30.2
37 to 41.9
54.6
68
100
el2
hP2
hP6
d32
t**
oC32
cP4
112
1mSm
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
I4/mcm
...
cmcm
~m?m
I4/mmm
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
112
oP28
1/16
hR7
tl*
cF8
cF180
hP*
I4/mmm
Pnnm
14/!cm
R3m
I4/mmm
F43m
F43m
H. Okamoto, 1992
In-Te
Phase
...
...
mC28
hP 3
0
In
10
20
30
10
50
60
Weight P e r r r n t ' T ~ l l u r ~ u r n
Metastable o r high-pressure phases
InTeII
52.6
lnTeIl1
52.6
InTeII'
52.6
...
In2+1Te3
In2Te,
62.5
InZTe,
62.5
In~Teda)
62.5
In2Te311
62.5
ln2TeSII
73.5
cF8
cP2
1*8
cP *
ol*
tP*
hP*
hR5
mC84
(a) Thin film
H. Okamoto, 1992
In-Th
Composition,
wt% ~h
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
40
54.8
66.9
80.2
? t o 100
-95 to 100
112
cP4
oc32
oP24
1/12
el2
cF4
I4lm-m
Pm3m
Cmcm
Pbcm
I4/mcm
lm3m
Fm?m
2*262/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
In-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1992
Atomlc Percent l n d ~ u m
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90 LOO
Phase
(aTi)
Ti31n
Ti31n2
Ti31nl
(In)
(a)
Ti
Composition,
wt% I n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to ?
0 to -21
39 to ?
c12
hP2
hP8
tP2
tP14
ti2
Im3m
P63lmmc
P63lmmc
P4lmmm
P4lmbm
14lmmm
(a)
76.1
-100
Unknown
Welght Percent l n d ~ u m
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent Thalllum
In
Weight Percent Thallium
Phase
Composition,
wt% T I
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(In)
a
@TI)
(aT1)
0 to 44
25 to -71
-66 to 100
92.6 to 100
r12
6'4
c12
hP 2
14Im-m
Fm3m
Im5m
P6dmmc
TI
In-Tm
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent Indium
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Phw
"(PTm)"
(aTm)
TmIn
Tm51n3
TmIn
Tm31n5
TmIn3
(In)
I
I
0
10
20
30
Iieig
Composition,
wt% I n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
? t o 15
0 to 7
c12
hP2
hP6
hP16
cP2
oC32
cP4
t12
Im3m
P63Immc
P63lmmc
P63Iycm
Pm3m
Cmgm
Pm3m
14lmmm
25.3
29.0 to 36
40.5
53.1
67
100
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*263
In-V
J.F. Smith and K.J. Lee, 1992
A i o r n ~ cP e r r e n t Y i l n a d l u n r
3mor0
20
30
40
50
70
60
4- .+-d-7rA--+--+.--+.-&
..+_
.-..
80
DO
Composition,
100
4
Phsce
(In)
InVda)
(V)
wt%
V
0
57
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
t12
(b)
c12
I4lmmm
...
ImSm
(a) Cr3Si-type structure reported in impure sample at high pressure. (b) Tetragonal. Pressure-stabilized
phase
In
Weight Percent Vanadium
V
In-Y
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o n ~ ~Percrril
r
Ind~nm
0
16oot-
10
...+......
20
30
A,..
-.L-J...
I
50
70
fiii
..., ..A--.A
,..-.A--I
80
90
.....,.i ..+
100
L
220.C
0
0"
C
158T
Phase
Composition,
wt% In
Pearson
symbol
IrouP
.
Space
(py)
(aY)
YJn
Y5In3
Y In
Y3h
YIn3
(In)
0 t o 17.4
0 t o 10.1
39.2
43.7 to 51.4
56.4
68.3
79.5
100
c12
hP2
hP6
hP16
cP2
oC32
cP4
r12
ImSm
P631mmc
P631mmc
P63/mcm
~m?;m
Cmcm
Pm3m
I4lmmm
Phsce
Composition,
wt% Yb
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
( w
In3Yb
InzYb
InYb
InYbz
In2Yb5
(Vb)
(PYb)
(aYb)
-0
33.4
42.9
60.1 to -63
75.1
-79.0
-100
-100
-100
t12
cP4
hP6
cP2
oP12
...
c12
cF4
h P2
I4lmym
Pm3m
P631mmc
Pm3m
Pnma
R3c o r R3c
Im5m
Fm?m
P6dmmc
158 634.C
(Id-
80
-
............. --.- ....,.. .-.
7777.
7
70
80
'i(l
100
In-Yb
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1992
2a2641Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
In-Zn
J. Dutkiewicz and W. Zakulski, 1992
A t o m ~ cPercent Zlnc
o
20
10
NI
JO
40
M
70
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 1
99.8 to 100
112
hP2
I4Immm
P6s/mmc
100
LO
0
20
In
30
JO
40
MI
70
80
90
Weight Percent Zinc
I00
Zn
Ir-La
H. Okamoto, 1991
A t o r n ~ cPcrccnt
I0
L
C
300ii+
20
30
LC-
40
50
60
L.antharlurn
70
\-_I_ A
80
i
90
100
I
,,,.__t
Phase
(11)
11,~La~?
IrSLa
Ir7Laz
Ir3La
IrzLa
IrLa?
Ir3La5
Ir3La7
IrLaz
IrLa,
(YW
@La)
@La)
Composition,
wt% La
Pearson
symbol
0
7.8
12.7
17.1
19
26.5
41.9
54.6
63
68
74
100
100
100
cF4
...
hP6
hP36
hR12
cF24
...
rP32
hP20
oP16
...
cI2
cF4
hP4
Ir-Mo
Space
group
F
...
~
S
~
T
~
P6/mmm
P63Lmmc
R3m
Fd7m
...
P41ncc
P63mc
Pnma
...
ImTm
F
~
Pbzlmmc
From [Molybdenum]
Atomlc P e r c e n t l r ~ d i u m
Phase
ZBOO
(Mo)
Mo31r
447.C
Mo
Welght P e r c e n t I r l d i u m
0
MoIr (cph)
MoIr (LT)
MoIr3
(IF)
Composition,
wt% Ir
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
0 to -28
<36 to 40
-44
-54 to >75
-66 to 68
-77 to 86
-87 to 100
c12
cP8
tP30
hP2
oP4
hP8
cF4
1m3m
PmSn
P42Imnm
P631mmc
Pmma
P63Immc
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120265
H. Okarnoto, unpublished
Ir-Nb
.
0
10
20
I
.30
40
I
b0
70
I
.
.
411
-4
110
. A
$00
Composition,
wt% Nb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 8
11 t o 21.7
24 t o 28.7
30 to 31
41.0 t o 5 0
54 to 63
7 8 to 100
cF4
Fmm
Pmim
Pmma
P4/mmm
P421mnm
Pm2n
Im3m
C P ~
oP12
tP2
tP30
CP8
c12
S.C. Yang, N. Chen, and P. Nash, 1991
Ir-Ni
Atornlc Pcrccnt N l c k r l
0
10
..,.'30..... I..r_C--C
20
7I
40
50
60
70
-C.-C...
,.i. , . . . 7 , 7 -
Ril
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
L
S.N. Tripathi, S.R. Bharadwaj, and M.S. Chandrasekharaiah, 1991
Ir-Pd
Atomlc P e r c e n t Palladium
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
20266/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ir-Pt
1. Muller, 1930; and E. Raub and W. Plate, 1956
2600
o
A t o r r r ~ cPrrcrnt
30
40
sn
20
80
.....
.~..--t---..+---+
PlaL~nunr
so
70
.,.. +--+
60
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
(WO
0 to 100
cFJ
loo
dl+
.,,,A
Space
group
~
m
m
i
3
ffi
4
(Ir.Pt)
a
g
1400:
r
Ir-Rh
S.N. Tripathi, S.R. Bharadwaj, and M.S. Chandrasekharaiah, 1991
I
Phase
(Ir,Rh)
Composition,
wt% I r
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
cF4
Fmm
Composition,
wt% RU
Pearson
symbol
2447T
Ir-Ru
H. Okamoto, 1992
10
20
30
40
Aiornlc
50
Percent
60
Ruthenium
70
60
90
Phase
Ir
Weight Percent Ruthenium
Ru
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.267
From [Metals]
Alorrlli
LO
.*
10
Percent 'I',~ni,ilur~~
40
i,.
,--.. ,.
...
1
30
70
60
k,.,,.
.....
80
9,)
lot)
. .
.-.C.--
;soeo-c
,,/I
I'
,
1'
I
,
,,
I
,'
,/
,
?
,
,
:, 1.
'
.
I
t
8
.
:
Composition,
wt% Ta
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(1')
P
Y
0 to 15.2
22.5 to 32.2
-4 1
cF4
cP4
112
Fm3m
PmTm
14/mmm
6
37.6 to
48.1
oP12
0
57.5 to 88.0
92.3 to 100
tP30
c12
Pmma
P42/mnm
In&
Composition,
Space
group
Fm3m
P6/mmm
Phase
(Ta)
Ir-Th
H. Okamoto, 1991
[
2500
2417.C
1
i
I
,.-17asc
Phae
wt% Th
Pearson
symbol
(1.)
IrSTh
Ir3Th
IrlTh
IrTh
IrTh,
hTh7
(PTW
(aTh)
0
19.5
29
35 to 40
54.7
-64
74
100
100
cF4
hP6
...
cF24
oC8
...
hP20
c12
cF4
Ir-Ti
...
F~%I
Cmcm
...
P63mc
ImSm
Fm%
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc P e r c r n t I r i d i u m
----,, ---'
10
4
2500
TI
20
30
Weight P e r c e n t I r i d i u m
40
50
60
70 8 0 00100
Composition,
wt% Ir
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2*268/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ir-U
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent Uranlum
. \
. 1\
.. ,\
-..
.'.-.
Composition,
wt% u
Phme
.
(Ir)
1r3u
Ir2U
IrU
~,>
PIrZu3
aIr2U3
1ru3
(YU)
(Pu)
(au)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to ?
C F ~
29
38.2
55.3
C P ~
F ~
~ m
FdTm
cF24
65
65
79
? t o 100
? t o 100
? t o 100
..
..
...
...
...
...
...
...
c12
rP30
oC'4
ImTm
P4dmnm
Cmcm
71.3
m**
...
T
m
~
Possible phase
IrUz
..
Ir
~-~
Welght Percent Uranium
U
Ir-V
J.F. Smith, 1989
Atomic Percent V a n a d ~ u r n
Ir
Weight Percent Vanadium
Phase
Composition,
wt% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(11)
Ir,V
IrV,,
IrV
IrV3
(v)
0 to -6
7.1 to 14
15.3 to 20
-20.9
-29 to -45.0
-49.2 to 100
cF4
cP4
tP2
oC8
cP8
cl2
Fm3m
Pm3m
P4lmmm
Cmmm
Pm?n
ImTm
V
Ir-W
S.V. Nagender Naidu, A.M. Sriramamurthy, and P. Rama Rao,
1991
A t o r n ~ cPercent Tungsten
/';
;1
,*'
3200-
#
I
L
,,
,,'
,'
Phase
I
#
I~
~
I
(W
E
1r3W(cf)
IrW(&")
o
(w)
( a ) Ordered structure
1700 -
Ir
Weight Percent Tungsten
Composition,
wt%W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -18
-2 1 to -65
-24(a)
48.9(a)
74
-90 to 100
cF4
hP2
hP8
oP4
tP30
c12
FmTm
P6jlmmc
P6glmmc
Pmma
P4dmnm
ImTm
1
,
W
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.269
Ir-Zr
H. Okamoto, 1992
0
20
10
10
20
A t o m t i Percent
50
60
70
Z>rcomum
RO
..-k
so
......,-.- 4
Phase
j
2000
1855~
4
n
3 ,
1500,;
i
(Id
Ir3Zr
IrzZr
plrZr
aIrZr
Ir3Zr5
IrZr2
IrZr,
( w )
(azr)
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 3
10 to 17
19.2
30 to 34
32.2 to 33
44.2
48.7
59
9 0 to 100
98 to 100
cF4
cP4
cF24
cP2
(a)
hP16
1112
1132
el2
hP2
PmTm
FdTm
Pm3m
...
P63lrncm
I4lmcm
&/m
Im3m
P63Immc
F
~
S
~
(a) Complex
083'C
30
40
Weight
50
Percrnt
60
70
80
90
100
Zr
Z ~ r c o n i u m
K-Na
C.W. Bale, 1982
Atornlc
0
20
10
30
120
40
-,r7,.,..
Percent
50
60
.
i
.
i
.
L
Sodlum
no
70
.i--i----. )
90
-3
,/
Phase
978
'
C
(K)
KzNW
KNa2
( W
Composition,
w t l Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
22.72
54.05
100
c12
...
hP12
c12
Im3m
...
P63/mmc
Im7m
(a) Possible phase (not shown in diagram)
0
10
K
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
'30
100
Na
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S o d l u m
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomle
10
0
K
Weight
P c r c e n t Lead
... .,........A..
20
I'ercent
30
Lead
40
50
-.-,,t-
60 70 80
100
=-=on
Pb
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2*270/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
K-Rb
-
ALorn~c P e r c e n t R u b l d l u r n
Phase
(K,Rb)
C.W. Bale and A.D. Pelton, 1983
Composition,
wt% Rb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
c12
Im3m
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
29.1
45.1
55
62.2
hP2
cF12
hP12
oC20
aP42
oP2 8
aP57
oF128
P63Immc
Fm3m
P62m
CmcZl
25
K
Rb
Weight P e r c e n t Rubidium
K-S
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Atornlc P e r c e n t S u l f u r
9
0
loOOw
40
50
60
70
80
Phase
C
(K)
KzS
KS
Kz%
...
P212121
...
Fddd
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S u l f u r
F.W. Dorn and W. Klernrn, 1961
P ~ W
(K)
K3Sb
K5sb.1
KSb
KSbz
(Sb)
Composition,
~ t s b~ b
-0
51
71.3
75,7
86.2
-100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
hP8
ImSm
P631mmc
...
...
mP16
P21/c
hR2
R3m
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.271
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(K)
K2Se
KSe
K2Se3
KSe2
K2Se5
(Se)
50
K
i l ' e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Selenlurn
H. Okarnoto, 1990
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t l'ln
y-7....
10
-.-..,..
20
30
40
50
M
4-.+..
L--.J
70
80 90
jl
Phase
KSn,
PKSn4
aKSn4
@Sn)
(asn)
Composition,
w t k Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
85.9
92
92
...
...
...
...
...
-100
-100
r14
cF8
1411amd
~d3m
-94.6
cP54
Pm3n
...
O t h e r reported phase
K4Snz3
X
13'C
90
100
S I1
A. Petric and A.D. Pelton, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% Te
(K)
K2Te
KTe
K2Te3
(Te)
(a) Homogeneity range subject to verification
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
20272/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
K-TI
A t o m ~ cP r r c r n t
l'hall~urn
20
, ......u
4 0 - 5 C 7 7GO 70 80 100
+--I
phase
Composition,
w t TI
~
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(K)
KT1
K4Tb
bTls
@TI)
(aT1)
0
83.9
86.7
89.3
? t o 100
-99.8 to 100
c12
(a)
ImTm
...
...
...
...
c12
hP?
lm3m
P63Immc
(a) CrysIal structure neither the
p
--.-.
00
10
.---20
30
K
40
---T--.----T
50
...
P brass or NaCl type
80
We~ghtPercent T h a l l ~ u m
La-Mg
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Atomlc
Percent Lanthanum
Phase
1000
(Mg)
Mg12La
Mg17Laz
Mg3La
Mgzk
MgLa
('yLa)
@La)
@La)
Y
O
0
800
700
800
Composition,
wt% La
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.79
30.53 to 34.18(a)
40.21
? to 66
74.07
85.1
-93 to 100
-98.2 to 100
? t o 100
hP2
o1338(b)
hP38
cF16
cF24
cP2
~12
cF4
h ~ 4
P63Immc
(Immm)(b)
P63/mmc
F ~ T ~
Fdzm
P~3m
Im3m)
F ~ T ~
~6~1mmc
(a) Homogeneity range estimated from lattice parameters. (b) This proposed crystal swucture is based on
the similarities of the lattice parameters of MgI2La with those of Mg12Ce(II).
500
400
300
200
10
0
20
30
40
50
W e ~ g h tPercent
M!3
80
70
80
80
I00
Lanthanum
La
La-Mn
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1990
Atornlc P e r c r n t Mdnganrbe
50
60
70
80
A, - - + T - ~ - - - b
0
I
..--.....,.........
...30, .........40,.........,-.
.......GOi.iT
50
i
YO
- - - - - - -
l
.
.
0
1.,1
10
LO
Wr~ght Percent
70
Mangdrlese
80
YO
I
I00
Mn
Phase
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramd2.273
H. Okamoto, 1991
La-Ni
Phw
Composition,
w t l Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
0
12.3
15.3
29.7
39.0
49.2
55.9
59.7
59.7
67.8
100
cI2
cF4
hP4
oPl6
hP20
oC8
oC20
r146
hR24
hR18
hP36
hP6
cF4
Im?m
~mTm
P6glmmc
Pnma
P6+tc
Cmcm
Cmca
142m
66.7
cF24
(W)
@La)
(aJ-a)
La3Ni
La,Ni,
LaNi
La2Ni3
La7Ni16
LaNi,
PLa2Ni7
aLa2Ni,
LaNi5
( W
Metastable phase
LaNiz
10
0
20
30
40
R?
R3m
P631mmc
P6Im-mm
Fm3m
Fdh
50
Weight P e r c e n t N~ckel
La
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1992
~hme
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(V-a)
@La)
o to <1.5
3.7
c12
cF4
hP4
hP16
c128
oP36
lm?m
~mJm
P63lmmc
P63Imcm
1z3d
Pnma
W-4
La5Pb3
LqPbda)
La5Pb4
PLa3Pb4
aLa3Pb4
LaPb2
LaPb3
(Pb)
0
47.2
52.8
54.4
66.5
66.5
74.9
81.7
-99.9 to 100
...
...
...
...
...
cP4
cF4
...
~ m z m
Fm3m
(a) Low-temperature modification
I'll
H.F. Franzen, unpublished
~hme
(V-a)
@La)
LaS
yLa2S3
La
W r ~ g h tP e r c e n t S u l f u l
Composition,
wt% s
0
0
17 to 18.8
23.5 to 26
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
,212
ImTm
Fm?m
F ~
143d
cF4
cF8
~128
S
~
20274/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
La-Sb
R. Vogel and H. Klose, 1954
Atornlc P e r c e n t Antrrnony
Phsse
(?La)
@La)
La2Sb
La3Sb2
LaSb
LaSbz
(Sb)
Other reported phases
Werght P e r c e n t A n t i m o n y
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
-0
d2
cF4
-0
30.4
37
46.7
63.7
-100
Space
group
1m3m
~m$m
Sb
La-Sc
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1982
Atomlc
Percent Scand~urn
O l O U 1 3 0 + 0
53
W
70
80
60
1W
r
n
Phase
1
m
Composition,
wt% Sc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P63hmc
Fmh
ImTm
P6zlmmc
@La)
(Pa)
(rLa,pSc)
(asc)
o to -4.2
hP4
0 to -5.8
o to 100
-64.7 to 100
cF4
~12
hP2
Phase
Composition,
wt% Se
La-Se
H. Okamoto. 1990
-
Wa)
@La)
@La)
Lase
La3Se,
Lase2
La3Se7
(Se)
Z1.C
Werght P e r c e n t S e l r n l u r n
Se
-
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
CIZ
0
0
36.2
43.2 to 46
48 to 50.8
50.9 to 53.2
56 to 58
100
cF4
hP4
cF8
el28
mP6
tP6
t**
hP3
1m3m
Fm$m
P6glmmc
Fm3m
IT3d
P2Ic
P4lnmm
...
P3121
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.275
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1992
yWa)
PWb)
aLa(c)
La,Sn(d)
PLasSn3
aLa5Sn3
La5Sn,
Lal~Snde)
LaSn
La~Sn3
La3Sns
LaSn,
PSn(fl
aSn(g)
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
0
0
0
22
33.9
33.9
40.6
43.7
46.1
56
58.8
72
100
100
c12
cF4
hP4
cP4
hP16
1132
oP36
1/84
oC8
...
oC32
cP4
t14
C F ~
Space
group
In&
~ m m
P63/mmc
Pm3m
P63/mcm
I4/mcm
Pnma
14/mm~n
Cmcm
...
Cmcm
PmTm
I4 l/amd
FdTm
(a) From 918 to 865 "C. (b) From 865 to 310 T.(c) Up to 310 T.
(d) High-temperature, high-pressure
phase
(el Proposed structure type. (0 From 13 to 231.9681 T. (g) Up to 13 'C
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Phase
(?'La)
@La)
(aLa)
La3Tl(a)
Composition,
wt% TI
La2TI
La5T13
LaTl(b)
15.4
0 to 2.8
0
33
-33
-46.9
-46 to 47
-54 to -61
LaTl(c)
La3Tl~
LaT13
(PTU
(aTI)
-54 to -6 1
-71 to -72
82
100
100
Pearson
symbol
c12
cF4
hP4
cP4
cF4
...
1132
cP2
c12
rP2
0~32
cP4
c12
hP2
Space
group
1m%
Fmjm
P631mmc
Pmm
FmTm
...
14Imcm
~m?;m
Im3m
P4/mmm
cmcm
~m3m
lm3m
P63Immc
(a) A cP4-cF4 order-disorder transformation in this phase has been suggested. (b) Cubic shucture
presumed to be room- and higher-temperature phases. (c) Tetragonal structure presumed to be lower-temperature phase
L. Rolia and A. landelli, 1941
Atomlc Prrcent Z l n r
-.I*
-.r7
Composition,
w t k Zn
4-.
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
FmTm
P63/mmc
pm%n
Imma
Cmcm
~3"
Fm3c
P63lmmc
P61mmm
141/amd
I41lamd
0
La
We~ght Percent Z m c
Zn
20276/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Li-Mg
0
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi, A.D. Pelton, and J.B. Clark, 1988
20
30 40
Atornlc P e l r e n t L ~ t h ~ u r n
60
70
80
80
50
.....
Composition,
wt% Li
100
95
Phase
0 to 6
8.5 to 100
(aLi)(a)
100
Cold worked stabilized phase(b)
(Mg)
@LO
100
4$(
(a) Below -193
10
20
30
Mg
40
50
80
80
60
70
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
cI2
hP2
P63l~mc
Im3m
P631mmc
cF4
100
LI
Weight P e r c e n t L i t h i u m
Li-Na
C.W. Bale, 1989
0
350
Fm?m
T.(b) Nonequilibrium
10
Atomlc P e r c e n t S o d ~ u m
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 1
Phase
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
(PW
(aNa)
Composition,
wt % Na
0
0
100
loo
Pearson
symbol
el?
hP2
cI2
h ~ z
Space
WOUP
Imb
P63lmmc
Im5m
~6~1mmc
(a) Below -193 'C
L1
00
Na
Weight P e r c e n t S o d i u m
From [Hansenl
Li-Pb
ROO
0
.
Atornlc P e r c e n t Lead
.-
20
30 SO I00
.dm_.
phase
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(PW
-0
c12
hp2
1m3m
P63Immc
(aLi)(a)
Li4Pb
Lil$b3
Li3Pb
LiSPb2
PLiPb
aLiPb
(Pb)
Other reported phases
Liz2Pb5
Li,Pbz
LisPb3
(a) Below -193 "C
LI
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Lead
Pb
o
...
...
-88
-89.7 to -90.2
-91
92.3
<96 to 96.8
<96 to 96.8
99.9 to 100
cP5 2
cF16
...
cP2
hR 2
cF4
Pm?m
R3m
Fm3m
-87.1
-89.5
-91.8
cF432
hP9
mC22
F23
P321
C21m
~ c m
Fm3m
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*277
J.Sangster and A.D.
Li-Pd
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n l P . ~ l i a d ~ u r n
10
20
30
4050 70100
Pelton, 1992
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
75.5(b)
80.4
84
88.4
90.9 to 91.5
92.7 to 94.3
-94 to 98
99.1
99.7 to 100
el2
hP2
cF*
c176
cF16
hP3
cP2(?)
hP2
mP8
cF32
cF4
Im7m
P63/mmc
...
Ia3d
~m3m
P6lnym
Pm3m
p6
P2/m
Fm3m
Fm3m
(a) Below -193 T.
(b) Approximate composition
0
10
20
L1
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Welght P e r c e n t P a l l a d i u m
100
Pd
H. Okamoto, unpublished
Phase
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
LizS
(Ps)
(as)
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
69.8
100
100
c12
hP2
cF12
mP48
oF128
1m3m
P63/mmc
~m%n
P2 1/a
Fddd
(a) Below -193 "C
P.T. Cunningham, S.A. Johnson, and E.J. Cairns, 1971
Li-Se
\ t o r n ~ rI'~lu.nL
1400
0
+
-
-..-7-....T.-..
.. .,.. ...A-5 7
,. ... ...
Selenlurn
10
20
30
40 50
70 IOU
"Y
Phase
(a) Below -193 "C
L1
-----"-"
\2.~.1ght F'rrcent
-.
--
Selenium
-
Se
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2*278/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Sillcon
-------A20
30
40
50
Composition,
w i % Si
Phase
60 70 60 I
(DL0
(aLi)(a)
Liz2SiS
Li13Si4
Li,Si3
Li12Si7
(SO
Questionable phases
Li4Si
Li7Si2
LiloSi3
Li2Si
Li13Si7
(a) Below -193
0
Pearson
symbol
47.9
55.4
63
70.2
100
c12
hP2
cF432
of24
hR7
oP152
CF8
50
53.6
54.9
66.9
69
oP250
oP36
cF416
mC12
oP160
o
Space
group
FmTm
P63/mm~
F23
Pbam
R3m
Pn-ma
Fd3m
?
Pbam
?
C2lm
Pnma
O C
Li-Sn
From [Moffatt]
Atornlc P e r c e n t Tin
5
10
20
30 40 60
Phase
i
m
-
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
Liz2Sn5
Li7Sn2
Li13Sn5
LiSSn2
Li7Sn3
LiSn
Li2Sn5
(PSn)
(asn)
(a) Below -193
Composition,
w t C Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
c12
w 2
cF432
oC36
hPlX
hR7
mP20
mP6
t114
t14
cF8
ImTm
P63Immc
F23
Cnynm
PLm l
R3m
P211m
P2lm
P4lmbm
1411amd
o
79.5
83.0 to ?
86.8
87.3
88
94.5
97.7
100
100
F ~ T ~
OC
Li-Sr
C.W. Bale and A.D. Pelton, 1989
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t S t r o n t l u m
0
800~-
20
30
40
8 ,50
1 L70
U100
C
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
Liz&
Li2Sr3
LiSr7(?)
LiSr,(?)
0
0
76.7
95
98.9
99.0
~12
hP2
cF116
rP20
Im3m
P631mmc
Fm3m
P42lmnm
...
...
(rsr)
(as11
loo
100
Phase
(a) Below -193 "C
Welght P e r c e n t S t r o n t l u m
Sr
t**
t**
hP*
~12
cF4
...
Im&
Fmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.279
J. Sangster and A.D. Pelton, 1992
Li-Te
A t o r ~ l l rP r r r ~ , r r L l ' c l l u r ~ u n ~
5
....... ., . . . . . , . . . . , . . . . . ..<........
1,
lam
10
....
-.A
1
1
1
20
111
-
IOUO
?
w
900
1100
1\ 1
Phase
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
0
0
90.2
98.2
100
c12
hP2
cF12
hP48(b)
hP3
1m3m
P63/mmc
Fmm
P3cl
P3,21
group
1204*IOT
I200
I,00
30 4 0 80 100
-L..A+.L
/
1
,,
\
s
,
;
1.;
,/ L,
Ll
,
LZ
+ Lz ti ,/'
.
I*
sj
:
.
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
LizTe
LiTe,
(aTe)
(a) Below -193 "C. (b) Rhombohedrally centered hexagonal supercell, which is imposed on a cublc
pseudocell
\
3
4
0
700
,/'
I
,/'
t
5011
1110
i
ill,,
180.8°C
200
liirr
I'
1788 io 3'c
.&8
-(?L1!.,
i0
0
I.,
(Te+~
. . . . ., . . . . . ,.. . .,...... .,. . . . . .,...T....
20
iil
40
50
60
I Y < ,gill I ' < ~ r r r l l i I P l l u l
70
,,,,ri
.....,.7.......r..
81)
90
..
i"0
'I,<,
G.Grube and G.Schaufler, 1934
~hise
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
Li4TI
Li,TI
Li5Tl2
Li2Tl
LiTl
(BTl)
(aT1)
Other reported phase
LiZ2TlS
Composition,
w t % TI
Pear son
symbol
~12
hP2
Space
group
-0
0
88
91
-92.1
93.6
-94.9 to 96.7
>99.9 to 100
-99.9 to 100
cF16
hR7
oC12
cP2
el2
hP2
FGm
R3m
Cmcm
PmSm
Im3m
P63lmmc
87.0
cF432
F23
...
1m3m
P631mm~
...
(a) Below -193 "C
LI
Weight
Percent
Thall~um
A.D. Pelton, 1991
Phase
Composition,
wt% Z n
Pearson
symbol
(PLi)
(aLi)(a)
LiZn
PLizZn3
aLi2Znz
LiZn,
PLiDdb)
aLizZn,(b)
PLiZn4
aLiZn4
(Zn)
0 to 12.5
0
-90.4 to 92
-90.4 to 95
-93 to 93
94.97
95.8 to 99.1
95.6 to 96.2
-96.6 to 98.8
-96.9 to 98.2
99.9 to 100
c12
hP2
cF16
...
c**?
...
...
h**(c)
hP2
h**(e)
hP2
Space
group
ImTm
P63/mm~
Fd3m
...
...
...
...
...
P6jlmmc(d)
...
P631mmc
(a) Below -193 T.
(b) Possibly LiiZng is a better designation. (c) Pseudocell. (d) D~sordered-random
distrtbution. (e) Ordered
20280/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
O.D. McMasters and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., 1969
0
........,.
,800 j
A t o m ~ cI'ercrnt
.......
10
i
10
20
,7CC.,CC~L
.---
40
....,
i
Lead
. .c,
....+
>-.-..,.
60
50
00
70
100
90
LC-+
Phase
(Lu)
Lu5Pb3
PLu5Pb4
aLu5Pb4
Lu6Pb5or LuPb
LuPb2
(Pb)
Composition,
wt% Pb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -1.2
41.5
48.6
48.6
49.7
70.3
-100
hP2
hP16
P63lmmc
P631mcm
oP*
ol*
(16
cF4
Pnma
Ibam
14lm-m
Fm3m
...
...
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Thalllurn
1800
Phase
(Lu)
Lu5T13
LuTl
Lu3T15
LuTI,
(PTU
0
10
20
30
Lu
10
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t T h a l l ~ u m
80
90
-0
41.2
53.9
66.1
78
-100
-100
hP6
hP16
P63lmmc
P63Imcm
...
...
oC32
cP4
el2
hP2
Cmc_m
Pm2m
Im3m
P6slmmc
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
. . . . . . . . . . .
1
3
2
I . . -
. . . . . . . . . .- . !.
. p , , , , J-
,-,
..
, , ,
Phase
Mg
Space
group
TI
Atornlc P e r c e n t Manganese
0
Pearson
symbol
100
Mg-Mn
0
Composition,
wt% TI
I
2
3
4
5
Weight Percent Manganese
6
7
8
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.281
Mg-Ni
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1991
0
Atornlc
20
10
Percent
N ~ c k e l
30
10
50
60
70
80
Composition,
wt% Ni
90
164x7
Pearson
symbol
I&
14W
/
w e i g h t percent Nickel
Ni
A.A. Nayeb-Hasherni and J.B. Clark, 1988
Mg-Pb
Phase
)
I
_ _ -..
o
M$
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
...
T_..--._l
LO
Composition,
wt% Ph
m
20
fin
ro
70
W e ~ g h t Percent Lead
A,A. Nayeb-Hasherni and J.B. Clark, 1988
Mg-Sb
Atornlc P e r c e n t Antlmony
0
10
20
30
50
10
60
1
0
Mg
LO
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A n t ~ m o n y
80
80
,
90
'
Phase
U
100
Sb
Composition,
wt% s b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
20282/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Atornlc P e r c e n t S c a n d ~ u r n
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Mg)
0 to -24.6
hP2
P63/mmc
? to ?
tP2
112
hP2
Pm3m
Im3m
Pbdmmc
Y
(PsC)
Welght P e r c e n t S c a n d i u m
-29.67 to 100
? to 100
Sc
Mg-Si
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
A t o m l c Percent S ~ l i c o n
Composition,
Phme
wt% Si
(Mg)
MgzSi
(Si)
-0
36.61
-100
High-pressure phases
MgzSKa)
SiII
36.61
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
cF12
P63/mmc
Fm3m
Fd3m
d'8
(a) Above -2.5 GPa and 900 "C, it forms a hexagonal structure.
100
Weight P e r c e n t Silicon
Si
Mg-Sm
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Composition,
Phw
wt%
sm
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120283
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Mg-Sn
A t o r n l c Percent T l n
Phase
900
Composition,
w t % Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
High-pressure phases
Mg&
SnII
SnIII
70.9
100
100
IW
0
10
20
30
40
Mg
50
60
70
Weight Percent Tin
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Mg-Sr
A L o r n ~ c P e r c p n t SLr o r ~ t ~ i i ~ n
0
ROO^---.--...
10
.,.---
Lil
30
.i i i i i i.i..i
+
i
10
50
60
70 PPI
100
1-1
Phase
Mg-Th
Pearson
svmbol
Space
eroun
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
Atomic Percent Thorlum
-2-2-
18W
16W
,,' m h ) -
<. ------53800s.
14W
Mg
Composition,
w t % Sr
Weight Percent Thorium
W
Phase
(Mg)
Mgz3Th6
Mg2Th (HT)
MgzTh (LT)
(PTh)
(aTh)
Composition,
wt% Th
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 4.75
7 1.35
hP2
cF116
cF4
hP4
c12
cF4
P63Immc
Fmjm
Fd3m
P631mmc
Im3m
Fm3m
82.68
82.68
100
100
2*284/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
MgTI
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemiand J.B. Clark, 1988
Atornlc Percent Thalllum
20
800
10 50
30
80
80100
Phase
(Mg)
MgsTlz
Mg2T1
MgTl
@TI)
(aT1)
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 60.5
77.08
80.78
89.4
100
100
hP2
0128
hP9
cP2
el2
hP2
P63lmmc
Ibam
P6Tm
Pm3m
ImTm
P63Immc
0
We~ght Percent Thalllum
Mg
TI
H. Okamoto, 1991
A t o m ~ cPercent Yttrlum
30
40
50
60
70
80
90100
Composition,
Phase
(Mg)
E
MgzY
M$Y
(Py)
(aY)
Weight Percent Yttrrum
wt%
Y
0 to 11.4
35.9 to 41.8
64.6
76 to 78.3
85.5 to 100
94.8 to 100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
c15 8
hP12
cP2
c12
hP 2
P63lmmc
143m
P63/mmc
Pm3m
ImTm
P6,lmmc
Y
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, 1988
ALorn~c Percent Ytterbium
0
900
5
10
20
Welght Percent Ytterbrum
30
-10
-"
50 60
-i
Phase
Composition,
wt% Yb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Mg)
(mfg,Yb)
(W)
(PYb)
(an)
0 to 8.0
74.7 to 80.2
-99 to 100
99.6 to 100
100
hP2
hPl2
c12
cF4
hP2
P631mmc
P631mmc
Im3m
~mTm
P63Immc
130 100
i
Yb
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.285
J.B. Clark, 1. Zabdyr, and Z. Moser, 1988
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 6 . 2
hP2
01142
...
mCllO
hP12
cP39
hP2
P6glmmc
Immm
...
C2/m
P63/mmc
Pm?
P63Immc
53.6
74.0
80.1
84 to 84.6
93.7
99.9 to 100
Z 11
Welght P e r c e n t Zinc
Mg-Zr
A.A. Nayeb-Hasherni and J.B. Clark, 1988
Atornlc Percent Z ~ r c o n ~ u r n
0
. . . .
0
, . . . . . , , . . . . , , , . . .
I
Mg
p
I
3
2
1
,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
6
.
,
, ,
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Phase
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
7
Weight Percent Z ~ r c o n ~ u r n
Mn-Mo
(Mo)
+
G
222 .C
p
j
2082.C
From [Molybdenurn]
BP
Space
WouP
2*286/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
N.A. Cokcen, 1990
Atornlc P e r c e n t Nltrogen
0
10
. . . . 40! ,
,
,
. . . .
,
..
50
,<, ,
,
,
-
Phase
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
Fm3m
P4132
143m
Fmh
P6322
P6322
P63lmmc
Pbcn
I41mmm
Mn
Weight P e r c e n t Nltrogen
Mn-Nd
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic P e r c e n t Neodymium
o
10
1
20
4
1248'C:-.-1200-
--- -- --
30
O
40
50
O
-------.
-.--.
-__------.
--..--.
-..
1-(~MII)
1138.C.
1iao.c:47~")
U
10004
:+&?Mn)
a
I
000-
70
80
90 100
2
Phase
A
lazl~
--.
*.
d
4
g
L
-....
-
3
4
60
J
(ma
----
.
x
883.C
(SMn)
(yMn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Mnz3Nd6
PMntNd
aMn,Nd
(PNd)
(aNd)
Composition,
wt% Nd
o
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
CIZ
~mTm
~mTm
P4,32
1z3m
141mmm
P63Immc
0
0
0
40.7
56.7
cF4
cp20
cI58
cF116
hP12
56.7
100
m**
c12
100
hP4
...
Im3m
P6slmmc
400
Mn
Weight P e r c e n t N e o d y m ~ u m
Nd
Mn-Ni
N.A. Gokcen, 1991
ALornlr
o
10
zo
30
40
i'rrcrnl
so
Nlrkrl
GO
70
no
90
100
45.5~
Phase
(SMn)
(yMn, Ni)
(PMn)
(aMn)
cP
E
Na)
11'
6
r'
1/
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
0 to 6
0 to 100
0 to 19
0 to 10
26
34 to 38
47 to 54
49 to 57.1
66 to 70
-7 1
7 2 to 86
cI2
cF4
cP20
cI5 8
Im3m
Fmm
P4132
Ia3m
(a) At 745 O C , this phase cannot be retained by quenching.
0
4 .....-.,....,.......,......-....?..A
0
Mn
10
20
30
40
50
60
Welght P e r c e n t Nlckel
70
60
90
100
NI
...
...
...
CPZ
tP4
pmTm
P41mmm
cP4
Pm3m
...
...
...
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*287
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Phme
(6Mn)
(YM~)
(PMn)
(aMn)
MnO
PMn304
Composition,
wt% 0
0
0
0
0
20 to 25
-28
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
~ 1 2
cF4
CP~O
c15 8
cF8
...
Im3m
Fmm
P4132
143m
Fmm
...
J. Berak and 1. Heurnann, 1950
Atomic P e r c e n t P h o s p h o r u s
10
+-&--
20
30
50
10
Phase
~-T--'--T------+--
Composition,
wi% P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
-0
-0
16
22.0
27
36.1
el2
cF4
cP20
r13 2
hP9
ImSm
69
aPl0
aP30
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
0 to -9
0 to -35
0 to -8
0 to -4
-54 to <79
-63 to <8 1
-77.5 to 80.1
81.5 to 100
~12
cF4
cP20
~158
CP2
-74
-74
-76.4
-78.6
85
-
(6Mn)
('MI
(PMn)
Mn3P
Mn2P
Mn3P2
MnP
...
oP8
Other reported phase
MnP,
25
Mn
F
~
S
~
P4,32
14
~ 6 2 m
...
Pnma
-
P1
Pi
--I
30
35
Welght P e r c c n t P h o s p h o r u s
From [Hansen]
Phase
(6Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
PWnPd)
PI
82
(Pd)
...
Space
group
Im?m
Fmm
P4132
173m
~mSm
...
...
...
cF4
FmTm
tP2
t**
d l 6
tP32
1/16
P4lmmm
Other reported phases
Mn2Pd3(HT)
Mn2Pd3(LT)
Mn3Pd5
Mn11Pd21
MnPdz
...
Cmmm
P4lmmm
14mm
20288lBinary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
Mn-Pr
A t o m l c P e r c e n t Praseodymium
0
10
20
30
40
so
60
70
80
90 100
Phase
(6Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Mn23Pr6
(PW
(apt)
Metastable phase
MnzPr
Composition,
wt% Pr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
d2
cF4
40.1
-96.5 to 100
cI58
cF116
el2
1m3m
FmSm
P4132
143m
Fmsm
Im3m
? to 100
hP4
P631mmc
56.1
hP12
P6slmmc
0
0
o
CEO
lIO0
Mn-Pu
S.T. Konobeevsky, 1955
10 20
30
40
50
80
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Manganese
70
80
100
Phase
(EPu)
(6'Pu)
(6Pu)
(Ypu)
(PPu)
(ah)
PuMn2
(6Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Welght P e r c e n t Manganese
Pu
Composition,
wt% Mn
-0
-0
-0
-0
-0
-0
-31.1
-100
-100
-100
-100
Pearson
symbol
c12
r12
cF4
oF8
me34
m~16
cF24
d2
cF4
CEO
c158
Space
group
l m h
14/mmm
Fmsm
Fddd
C2lm
P21lm
Fdzm
Im3m
Fmsm
P4132
133m
Mn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Mn-Sb
ALomic P e r c e n t Antimony
o
10
20
&5p7
80
90 100
Phase
(6Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Mn2Sb
MnSb
(Sb)
Mn
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Antlmony
Sb
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to ?
o to ?
0 to ?
0 to ?
-52.5
-61 to -68
100
r12
cF4
1m5m
Fmm
P4]32
I43m
P41nmm
P6gFmc
R3m
CP~O
el58
rP6
hP4
hR2
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120289
H. Okamoto, 1991
Phw
Pearson
symbol
Composition,
w t W Si
Im3m
Fm?m
P4,32
143m
R?
Immm
~ m m
(SMn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
R
v
PMn3Si
aMn3Si
Mn5Si2
Mn5Si3
MnSi
Mn11si19
(Si)
Mn-Sm
Space
WOUP
P4]2]2
P63lrncm
PZ13
P4n2
Fd3m
H.R. Kirchmayr and W. Lugscheider, 1970
Phrse
(6Mn)
(YM~
(PMn)
(aMn)
Mnz3Sm6
Mn2Sm
(6Sm)
($Sm)
(aSm)
Composition,
wt% Sm
Pearson
symbol
-0
-0
-0
-0
-41.7
57.7
~12
cF4
CEO
c15 8
cF116
hP12
&4
62
hP2
hR13
-100
-100
-100
Space
group
Im3m
Fmm
P4132
I43m
Fmm
P6jlymc
Fd3m
1m3m
P6glmmc
~ ? m
?
u
Phw
(6Mn)
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Mn3Sn
Mn2Sn
MnSn2
($sn)
(aSn)
Composition,
wt% Sn
0 t 0 19
0 to 14
0 to 21
0 to 2
41 to 43
49 to 57
81.2
100
100
H. Okamoto, 1990
Pearson
symbol
~12
cF4
cpzo
c15 8
hP8
hP6
1/12
t12
C F ~
Space
group
lm3m
Fm?m
P4,32
143m
P631mmc
P631mmc
I41mcm
1411amd
F ~ S
~
2e290/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Mn-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
Atornlc P e r c e n t Menganesr
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symhol
Space
group
(a)Undetermined.(b)Onhorhornbic. ( c ) Metastable phase
~~
Welght P e r c e n t Manganese
TI
...
Mn
Mn-U
From [Hansen]
A t o m ~ cP ~ r c e n iMCinganese
0 10 20 30
40
50
60
70
--. .. , . .. . , . ... ., 100
.
80
90
I
,,
, ,,, , ,
I_.*
_..-
-55
0
10
20
II
30
40
--...,..... 50
60
70
RO
90
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
0 to -0.5
0 to -0.4
-0
-3.7
31.6
31.6
31.6
-100
-100
-100
-100
,212
tP30
0C.l
tI28
011 2
cF24
mC24
cI2
cF4
cP20
cI5 8
Space
group
Im3m
P42Imnm
Cmcm
14lmcm
Imma
FdTm
C2lm
1m7m
F ~ S
P4132
1z3m
100
Mn
Welght P r r c r n t M a n g a n r s r
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Manganese
2o00+
10
20
30
40
50
BO
70
80
90
100
Phme
(V,6Mn)
6'
0
(Wn)
(PMn)
(aMn)
V
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Manganese
Mn
Composition,
wt% Mn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to loo
cI2
cP2
tP30
cF4
Im3m
Prnm
P421mnm
Fmm
~4132
133m
? to -57
? to ?
99 to 100
93 to loo
92 to 100
CEO
cI58
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.291
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1991
Phase
Composition,
wt% Y
Pearson
symbol
(a) Synthesized under high temperature ( I 300 ' C ) and high pressure (40 kbar) (b) Distorted tetragonal
Cu2Mg type obtained below 100 K
Mn-Zn
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1990
Phae
Composition,
w i % Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
lm3m
Fmjm
I4lmmm
P 4 1 31
IZ3m
PmSm
Pmm
P631mmc
P631mmc
PmSm
P41mmm
Mn-Zr
M. Lasocka, unpublished
Phase
(6Mn)
(YM~)
(PMn)
(aMn)
Mn2Zr
(PZr)
(azr)
Composition,
wt% Zr
o to 2.06
0
o to -2
0 to 2.06
30.40 to 53
93.6 to 100
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
~12
cF4
1m3m
C P ~ O
c15 8
hP12
c12
hP2
group
F
~
T
~ 4 ~ 3 2
143m
P631pmc
Im3m
P6dmmc
~
2*292/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Mo-N
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
Atornlr P e r r r n t N ~ t r o g e n
10
20
J
. .c
40
30
~hme
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Mo)
YMozN
PMozN
M03Nz
MoN
Mo4Ns
0 to 0.16
5.1 to 7
5.6 to 7
-9
12.7
-15.5
cI2
cF8
dl2
cP8
hP16
hP8
ImTm
Fm?m
1411a_md
Pm3m
P6glmmc
P6slmmc
60
50
I -7
-
P > 1000 a t m
2823.C
L
2400
2200
I0
Welght P e r c e n t N ~ t r o g e n
Mo-Nb
H. Okarnoto, 1991
A t o m ~ cPercent Niobium
~hlsp
(Mo,Nb)
Composition,
~ t ~b
%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
c12
Im3m
2400
0
10
20
30
Mo
40
80
50
70
80
90
100
Weight P e r c e n t N i o b ~ u m
Nb
Mo-Ni
H. Okarnoto, 1991
Atomic P e r c e n t M o l y b d r n u r n
2700:
0
-1
c-,........20
30
40
50
GO
70
80
80
....
phase
(Ni)
Ni4Mo
Ni3Mo
NiMo
(Mo)
Metastable phases
NilMo
Ni3Mo
Ni4Mo
NiI7Mo5
( a ) Al 1317 "C. (b) At 1362 'C
Composition,
wt% MO
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmm
14lm
Pmnn
p211121
Im3m
...
I4/mmm
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120293
1. Brewer and R.H. Lamoreaux, 1980
Phase
+
MOO,
I
Composition,
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
UP
G
Q
20
30
40
50
80
70
60
IM
90
W r ~ ~ hPercent
t
Oxygen
0
From [Molybdenum]
Atornlc Pcrcrnt O s r n l u m
-"-.
10
20
..-....A
.....30k -
-....
40
4
50
60
80
..7,.70
4.... -+-,L-
LC&
90
0
3033.C
Phase
(Mo)
Mo30s
a (Mo,Os)
(0s)
Composilion,
wt% 0 s
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 32.4
-40
46 to 56
65 to 100
c12
cP8
tP30
hP2
ImTm
Pm3n
P4dmnm
P63lmmc
From [Molybdenum]
Phase
Other reported phase
M05P3
Mo
- -- --
.
.
We~ght Percent Phosphorus
-"
--
1'
Composition,
wt% P
Pearson
svmbol
20294/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Mo-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic Percent P a l l a d ~ u m
Phase
(Mo)
E
(Pd)
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 8
-58
61 to 100
c12
hP2
cF4
ImTm
P63lmmc
Fm3m
We~ght Percent Palladium
Mo-Pt
1. Brewer and R.H. Lamoreaux, 1980
Atomic Percent P l a t ~ n u m
Phase
(Mo)
Mo,Pt
E?
E'
MoPt
MoPtz
(Po
Mo
Weight Percent P l a t i n u m
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 26 f 2
31.6 f 0.7
48flto71f2
48.4 f 1 to 62 f 2
61f2to70f2
74 f 2 to 84 f 1
72 f 2 to 100
c12
cP8
hP2
hP8
of4
016
cF4
Imb
PmSn
P631mmc
P63lmmc
Pmma
Immm
Fm3m
Pt
Mo-Pu
From [Molybdenuml
A t o r n ~ cPercent Plutonium
Mo
Weight Percent P l u t o n ~ u m
Pu
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Mo)
(EPu)
0
100
c12
c12
ImTm
Im3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*295
Mo-Rh
From [Molybdenum]
Atomlc Percent Rhodlum
Phase
(Mo)
MoRh
e
MoRh3
(Rh)
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 21
-51.8
-44 to 83
-76
86 to 100
cI2
oP4
hP2
Im3m
Pmma
P631mmc
...
...
cF4
~
m
m
lo(
Mo
Weight Percent Rhodium
Rh
H. Okamoto, 1990
J
~
h
w
(Mo)
a
(Ru)
Composition,
wt% R u
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 33.6
37.9 to 40.7
49.8 to 100
el 2
tP30
hP2
ImTm
P42/mnm
P63/mmc
2334'C
L. Brewer and R.H. Lamoreaux, 1980
A t o m ~ cPercent
Sulfur
Composition,
wt% s
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Mo)
M02S3
MoSz
0 to 1
-33
39 to 44
(PS)
(aS)(a)
100
100
c12
mPlO
hP6
hR 3
mP*
oF128
Im3m
p21/m
P63Lmmc
R3m
P2,/c
Fddd
~
L
+
1 atm
S2
U
3 L5w
L
Z
w
(a) Below 95.5 "C
&
0
4
$
h
MoS,
+
1 atm G
IWO
5W
0
0
Mo
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight Percent Sulfur
70
80
90
IW
S
2*296/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Mo-Si
A.B. Gokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, 1991
A t o m i c Percent Sllicon
O
LO
20
Mo
30
50
40
60
Composition,
80
70
80
Phase
wt% Si
(Mo)
Mo$i
MoSSi3
PMoSiz
aMoSi2
(Si)
0 to -1
c12
cP8
tI38
ImTm
Pm3n
I4lmcm
t16
I4lmmm
Fd3m
...
cF8
R. Krishnan, S.P. Garg, and N. Krishnamurthy, 1986
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60
00
I00
3100
Phase
(Mo,Ta)
Welght P e r c e n t T a n t a l u m
Composition,
wt% 'lb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
c12
Im3m
Ta
Mo-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Molvbdenum
Phase
(a) Metastable
I00
TI
C622
Si
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T a n t a l u m
Mo
-14.9
37.0
37.0
100
Space
group
IW
Weight Percent Silicon
Mo-Ta
0
9
Pearson
symbol
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Molybdenum
Mo
Composition,
wt% MO
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.297
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
(Mo)
MoU,
(Yu)
(pu)
(aU)
W r ~ g h t Prrcrnt
Mo
Composilion,
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 9
c12
116
c12
tP30
oC4
Im3m
14ImIm3m
P4zlmnm
Cmcm
83.2
98 to 100
99 to 100
99 to 100
Uran~um
Mo-V
J.F. Smith, 1989
2700y
Atomlc P e r c e n t Vanadlum
60
70
80
Phase
(Mo,V)
Mo-W
.
50
M1
.
-
70
~
80
-
..--.~
90
,
3rzP
Phase
(Mo,W)
2533
0
Mo
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Welght Percent T u n g s t e n
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
c12
Im3m
S.V. Nagender Naidu, A.M. Sriramamurthy, and P. Rama Rao,
1984
A t o m l c Percent T u n g s t e n
3500
Composition,
wi% V
80
90
100
W
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
c12
lmh
2*298/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Mo-Zr
0
From [Zirconium]
10
20
Mo
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Z ~ r c o n l u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
(Mo)
MozZr
@zr)
(aZr)
0 to -10
32 to 39
-58 to 100
-loo
c12
cF2 4
c12
hp2
Space
group
~ m k
Fdzm
Im3m
P631rnmc
100
Zr
Yu.V. Levinskiy, 1974
Atornlc P r r c e n l N ~ t r o g e n
3000
ti"
--J..
20
10
40
50
60
AT
A
.
,-A
.
F
Phase
(Nb)
Nb2N
Nb4N3
NbN
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to <3
-5.9 to 7
-10.2
-13.1
c12
hP9
t114
hP8
1~3m
P31m
I4/mmm
P63/mmc
5
12.0
13.1
15.3
15.9
tP5X
hP2
hP4
hP22
rIl8
P4/m
~6m2
P6glmmc
P6jlmcrn
14/m
Other reported phases
Nb3N
Nb~oN9
NbN
Nb5N6
NbA
Nh
Welght P e r c e n t N~trogerr
N-Ni
H.A. Wriedt, 1991
Atomic P e r c e n t Nitroeen
Phase
Composition,
wt% N
Stable phases
(W(4
Ni3N
Ni(Nd2
Other phases
Ni4N,I
Ni4N,II
Ni2N
Ni&(b)
(a) At 25 "C. (b) Existence questionable
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.299
J. Gatterer, D. Dufek, P. Ettrnayer, and R. Kieffer, 1975
0
JSOO
j
10
.+-..A-
20
....,-L-.,.
'10
10
--.,
...,7.7-v
I
50
,..7--,,7T,.,.7
Phase
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ta)
Ta2N
6
TaN
Other reported phases
Ta9N2
Ta4(HT?)
Ta2N
TaN
T%N6
Ta4N5
Tad,
...
Cmcm
C2lm
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Phase
(PTh)
(aTh)
T ~ N
Th3N4
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
-5.7
-7.4
el2
cF4
Imjm
FmSm
C F ~
~~3~
N-Ti
mC4
o*18
Cm
H.A. Wriedt and J.L. Murray, 1987
A t o r n l c Percent Nltroeen
Phase
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 8
0 to 1.9
-13
10 to >22.6
-15
-0
hP2
c12
tP6
cF8
t112
h**
P6gImmc
Im3m
P4dmnm
Fm3m
14llamd
...
Stable phases
(aTi)
Ti2N
TiN
6'
0
Metastable phase
20300/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
From [Metals]
N-U
Alorrrlr 1)r-rwnt Nit rogen
40
50
.......,...
.
.c
,.....--.-
i,-
-.
.-.
L + G
2805.C
60
+.
.-
phase
Composition,
wt% N
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
-0
-0
cl2
tP30
0c4
CF8
hP5
el80
lm3m
P42/mnm
Cmcm
F@m
P3ml
la3
( W
(PU)
(aU)
UN
PUzN3
aU2N3
Other reported phases
-4.4 to 5.6
-7 to 7.5
-8 to 8.4
From [Zirconium]
Atomlc Percent Nltrogen
10
20
30
40
33
Phase
Composition,
wt% N
(W)
(azr)
ZrN
0 to 0.7
o to 5
9 to ?
Pearson
symbol
c12
h ~ 2
cF8
Space
group
Im3m
~6~1mmc
Fm3m
ZrN
H.A. Wriedt, 1987
Atomlc Percent O x v e e n
Phase
Composition,
w% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o
d2
hP2
cF12
1m3m
P6glmmc
Fm3m
(PNa)
(aNa)
Na20
Na202-I1
Na202-I
Na02 (1)
Na02 (11)
Na02 (111)
Na03
Other phase
0
25.8
41.0
41.0
58.2
58.2
58.2
68
NazOz-Q(b)
41.0
(a) Might be ~ 6 2 m(b)
. Noncubic
...
...
hP9
cF8
cP12
oP6
bct
~62!(a)
Fm3m
Pa3
Pnnm
I4lmmm
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.301
Na-Pb
From [Metals]
A t o r r r ~ r Perrent Sodlum
i-
IW
Phase
(Pb)
P(Pb+a)
PbNa
Pb4b
PbzNa5
P~.&Is
(PNa)
Composition,
wt% Na
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 2.7
>4 to >5
10.0
cF4
Fmm
~mJm
141Iacd
P63lmmc
R3m
Iqd
lm3m
C P ~
-21.7
-29 to 31
-100
t164
hP26
hR 7
c17 6
CI
2
-22.4
-36.5
hP36
hP *
-20.0
Other reported phases
PbsNa13
PbNas
Na-Rb
P63lmmc
...
C.W. Bale, 1982
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t R u b ~ d ~ u r n
Phare
Composition,
wt% Rb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
100
c12
c12
ImZm
Im3m
-4 5ooc
-40
Na
Weight P e r c e n t R u b i d ~ u r n
Rb
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
(PW
Na2S
PNaS
aNaS
NazS4
Na2S5
(s)
5 ZZ'C
Composition,
wt% S
o
41.0
58.2
58.2
73.6
-78
0
Pearson
symbol
~ 1 2
cF12
hP8
hP12
t148
oP28
mP64
Space
group
1m3m
Fm3m
P63lmmc
~62m
142d
Pnma
P~I/c
2*302/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Na-Sb
C.H. Mathewson, 1906
A t o m ~ cPercent Antlmony
Composition,
Pearson
Space
10
20
30
40
fiO 70 HI1 I00
...Y),....I
,..L.LL
-Phase
wt% Sb symbol
group
i
Weight Percent A n t i m o n y
Sh
Na-Se
H. Okarnoto, 1990
phase
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symboi
Space
group
~12
cF12
hP8
1m3m
~mTm
P631mmc
...
91
...
...
...
...
...
100
hP3
P3121
YO0
(PW
NazSe
NaSe
Na2Se3
NaSez
NaSe3
(Se)
600
700
U
600
3
so0
o
63.2
77.4
84
87.3
0,
300
LOO
87.8Y
100
0
0
Na
10
20
30
40
50
00
We~ght P e r c e n t Selen~urn
Na-Sn
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Tin
0
Phase
700
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
BrOUP
ImTm
A3d
Pnma
...
Cmcm
...
...
1411acd
...
...
...
...
i4llamd
~dSm
Na
We~ght Percent Tln
Sn
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*303
Na-Sr
A.D. Pelton, 1985
Atomic Percent S t r o n t l u r n
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pesrson
symbol
0
0
788.C
(PNa)
(aNa)
(PW
(aSr)
97.2 to 100
c12
hP2
c12
96.4 to loo
C F ~
Phase
Composition,
wt% Te
Space
group
1m3m
P631mm~
lm7m
~m?m
Welght P e r c e n t S t r o n t i u m
Na-Te
A.D. Pelton and A. Petric, 1990
A t o m ~ cP ~ r c e n tT ~ l l u r ~ u m
o
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(PNa)
(aNa)
Na2Te
NaTe
NaTe,
(Te)
0
73.5
84.7
94
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 9.0
~12
cF400
oC48
cF16
1m3m
Fz3m
C2221
FdTm
~12
hP2
cF12
1m5m
P63lmmc
~~3~
...
...
hP3
P3121
...
...
. . . . .
Na
Welght P c r c r n t 'I'ellilrlum
Tr
G. Grube and A. Schmidt, 1936
(PNa)
N%Tl
Na,TI
NaTl
NaTI,
@TI)
-59.7
81.6
86.4 to 91.2
94.7
95.8 to 100
96 to 100
...
...
c12
hP2
ImTm
P631mmc
2@304/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Nb-Ni
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Nlobium
Phlse
Composition,
wt% Nb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ni)
NisNb
Ni3Nb
Ni,Nb,
(Nb)
0 to 18.2
16.5
33.1 to 38.0
60.9 to 65.5
97 to 100
cF4
1136
of8
hR13
c12
Fmh
489-C
Ni
Weight P e r c e n t N i o b ~ u m
Nb
Nb-0s
o
...
Pymn
R3_m
Im3m
R.M. Waterstrat and R.C. Manuszewski, 1977
10
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Osmlum
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
so loo
3033%
Phase
(Nb)
P
u
X
(0s)
Composition,
wt% 0 s
0 to 32
>41 to -46
43 to 64
66 to 78
85 to 100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cI2
cP8
tP30
cI58
hP2
ImTm
Pm3n
P4zlmnm
143m
P63lmmc
-m0
1000
Nb
Weight P e r c e n t Osmium
0s
Nb-Pd
MS. Chandrasekharaiah, 1988
Atomic P e r c e n t P a l l a d ~ u m
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 39
52 to 63
69.2 to 70.1
78(b)
76 to 78
73 to 100
cI2
cF4
0114
t18
ImTm
Fm3m
Immm
I4lmmm
Pmmn
Fm3m
(a) Data from rapidly quenched samples. (b) At I300 "C
...
cF4
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*305
H.Okamoto, 1990
Nb-Pt
pha~e
(Nb)
Nb3Pt
Nb2Pt
N ~ I ~ ' ~ I + x
a'Pt
NbPt,
PNbPt,
aNbPt,
(pt)
A t o r n l o Percent Hhodlurrr
0
6
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -22
-33 to -45
-49 to -56
69 to 70
-74
-8 1
-87
-87
-89 to LOO
c12
cP8
tP30
oP4
...
016
mP48
oP8
cF4
ImKm
Pm3n
P4zlmnm
Pmma
...
Immm
p21/m
Pmmn
~m?m
D.L. Ritter, B.C. Giessen, and N.J.Grant, 1964
Nb-Rh
2
Composition,
wt% ~t
20
10
0
0
7
.......,.301
L
10
L7-.+.--II&
50
60
70
R/I
'I0
Phase
Composition,
~ 1 %
Rh
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Imxm
Pm3n
P42/mnm
...
P4/mmm
...
Pmma
P2/m
~6m2
Pmm
Fm?m
Other reported phases
NbRh
Nb
Welght Percent Rhodlurn
P4lmmm
Pnma
Pnma
Rh
H. Okamoto, 1990
Nb-Ru
ALom~cP e r c e n t Ruthenium
. .
NbRu
NbRu'
NbRu,
(Ru)
Nb
We~ghtP e r c e n t R u t h e n l u m
Composition,
wt% Ru
Pearsoo
symbol
Space
43 to 60
cP2
lP2
cP4
hP2
PmTm
P4/mmm
Pmm
P63lmmc
?
76.5
72.7 to 100
2e306/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, A.B. Cokhale, and C.J. Abbaschian, unpublished
Composition,
wt% Si
Phnw
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Nb)
Nb3Si
$Nb5Si3
aNb5Si3
NbSiz
(Si)
Metastable phases
Nb,Si
Nb3Sim
Nb3Sim'
Nb3Sim"
yNb5Si3
High-pressure phase
NblSi-I
Nb-Ta
R. Krishnan, S.P. Carg, and N. Krishnamurthy, 1982
Atomic Percent T a n t a l u m
0
10
PIIPS~
Composition,
wt% ~a
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Nb,Ta)
0 to 100
c12
ImTm
20
3100
2300
Nb
We~ght Percent T a n t a l u m
Ta
Nb-Th
O.N. Carlson, J.M.Dickerson. H.E. Lunt, and H.A. Wilhelm,
1956
A t o m ~ cPercent Niobium
0
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
2600
1200
Th
Weight Percent N ~ o b i u m
Nb
pb~se
Composition,
wt9b ~b
Pearson
symbol
(BTh)
(aTh)
(Nb)
0 to -0.6
0 to -0.4
100
c12
cF4
c12
Space
group
ImTm
~mTm
Im3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*307
1.1. Murray, 1987
Phase
(PTiJb)
(aTi)
Metastable phases
(a'Ti)
(a%)
w
7
Composition,
w t k Nb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 4.7
d2
hP2
lm3m
P6jlmmc
0 to -9
-14 to 43
16 to45
26 to 4 1
hP2
oC4
hP3
P63/mmc
Cmcm
P6/mmm
...
(a)
(a) bct
Nb-U
H. Okamoto, 1990
A i o m ~ cP e r c e n t U r a n ~ u m
Phase
(Nb,yU)
(PU)
(aU)
Composition,
wtk U
Pearson
symbol
0 to 100
9'8.5 to 100
-100
c12
cF4
hP2
Space
group
ImJm
F
~
J
~
P63lmmc
Weight P e r c e n t U r a n i u m
J.F. Smith and O.N. Carlson, 1989
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t N ~ o b l u m
20
30
50
40
60
70
60
40
0
Phase
Composition,
w t k Nb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
c12
Im3m
~ 4 6 9 ~ ~
(V,Nb)
I800
o
V
10
20
30
40
50
GO
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Nlobrum
70
...80,......___
.,
90
in
Nb
2e308/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
S.V. Nagender Naidu, A.M. Sriramamurthy, and P. Rama Rao,
1988
Atornlc Percent Tungsten
30
40
60
50
70
80
90
100
Phase
(Nb,W)
Composition,
wt% w
Pearsoo
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
c12
1m5m
23W
0
10
Nb
20
30
40
50
60
70
Welght Percent Tungsten
80
90
1W
W
H. Okamoto, 1992
Nb-Zr
Atomic Percent Niobium
PIIW
2600
(PZrJb)
(azr)
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
c12
h ~ 2
0 to 100
o to 0.7
Space
group
ImTm
P6glmmc
Metastable phase
o
...
hP3
(a)
(a) Changes from P61mmm to ~ % nwith
l increasing Nb content
Zr
Weight Percent Niob~um
Nb
H. Okamoto, 1992
Nd-Ni
Atomic Percent Nickel
Phase
1600
(PNd)
(aNd)
Nd3Ni
Nd7Ni3
NdNi
NdNi2
NdNi3
Nd2Ni7
NdNiS
Nd2NiI7
(NO
Nd
Weight Percme n t N I kel
Ni
Composition,
wt% Ni
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
P6glmmc
Pnma
P6gmc
Cmcm
Fgm
R3m
P63/mmc
R3m
P6lmmm
P63/mmc
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2-309
Nd-Pt
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atorncr. P r r c c r i t I > l . ~ t > r ~ i i r r l
2500
7.........,.......,.... --,7..720
A
!:I
:so
..-5C0, . c , C CGO. C C 1
40
..I.II
I
70
l.r.l
80
A -.T-
90
......
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P6pc
R3
Cmcm
Pnma
~3
H. Okamoto, 1990
Nd-Rh
o
10
z o n o ~ - -
20
Atomlc P e r c e n t
40
50
60
30
Rhodlum
70
-..,- - - . ~ - - . , . ~ ~ . . - - - . -80- ~ . . t90
100
phase
,<1983T
:
,'
,800
i
L
1600i
,
...
I
,--..
.
>
.,
\
'J
,
,
'
PNd3Rh2
,
aNd3Rh,
Nd5Rh4
NdRh
NdRh,
NdRh,
(Rh)
I
!
1410~
t
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
15
23
32
32
36.3
39
58 to 60.8
68
100
c12
hP4
oP16
hP20
1m7m
P631mmc
Pnma
P6gmc
...
...
hR15
oP36
oC8
cF24
hP24
cF4
R3
Pnma
Cnyn
Fd3m
P63/pnc
Fm3m
(Wf~
1000
800~
s
2
6800
(PW
(aNd)
Nd4Rh
Nd7Rh3
]
Composition,
wt% ~h
L
0
10
30
Nd
40
Welght
S
A
.-7
20
7
T
50
-
60
Percent
--.7-.-
70
Rhod~urrr
80
90
+
100
Rh
Nd-Sb
H. Okamoto, 1990
0
ZZOO~..,.....~.i
10
20
.,-.- L
30
Atomlc
10
Percent
50
. -. -".-
-"--
- ---
Welght
. -
-
----
Composition,
wt% Sb
--...
-
Nd
Antimony
Percent
6
Antlrnony
- -
-
5h
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
hP4
hP16
c128
cF8
oC24
hR2
1m3m
Pbglmmc
P6glmcm
I43d
Fm3m
Cmca
R3m
2.31 O/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Nd-Si
A.B. Gokhale, A. Munitz, and G.J. Abbaschian, 1989
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t S ~ l l c o n
30
50
.
.
A
2000i I 0 2 0
40
Phw
( P W
(aNd)
NdsSi3
NdSSi4
NdSi
Nd3Si4
PNd2Si3
aNd2Si3
PNdSi,
aNdSi,
(Si)
Nd
Welght P e r c e n t Sillcon
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
c12
hP4
t132
Im3m
P63lmmc
I4lmcm
P41212
Pnma
-10.3 to -10.7
13.48
16.3
21
23
22.6
28.14
25.7 to 28.14
100
...
of8
...
...
...
hP3
tI12
P6lmmm
Mllamd
Imma
...
cF8
...
F&
Si
Nd-Sn
H. Okamoto, 1990
1800wA t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Tin
100
Phase
(PNd)
(aNd)
NdsSn3
NdsSn4
W I S ~ I O
NdSn
NdsSnS
NdSn3
(Wn)
(asn)
Composition,
wt% So
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 6
0 to 2
33.1
39.7
42.8
45.1
57.8
71
100
100
cI2
hP4
hP16
oP36
t184
Im3m
P63lmmc
P63lmcm
Pnma
cP4
t14
cF8
PmSm
141/amd
~d3m
...
...
I~I~IIIIII
...
...
. . . . .
Nd
Welght P e r c e n t Tln
Sn
Nd-Te
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u m
2500
Phw
Composition,
wi% Te
( m )
(aNd)
NdTe
Nd3Teda)
NdzTeda)
NdTe2
Nd2TeS
NdTe3
(Td
0
0
46.9
54 to 57?
57
60.7 to 63.9
68.8
73
100
Pearson
symbol
c12
hP4
cF8
,2128
0~20
tP6
oC28
oPl6
hP3
Space
group
Im3m
P63lmmc
~m?m
133d
~nma
P4lnmm
Cmcm
Cmcm
P3121
(a)The phase relationships between Nd3Te4andNdZTe3,and the homogeneityrange of each, are unknown.
49.67.C
Nd
4
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u r n
80
90
100
Te
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*311
Nd-Ti
1.1. Murray, 1987
A t o r n ~ cP e r r e n t N e o d y m ~ u m
0
1
9
U
O
j
-
-
-
~
.
10
d
.
.
,
........
20
I
-
-
20
~ -
~
~
30
~ ~
.40 . -.- 50
.
.
50
40
1
60
wt%
____
.
60
80 1 0
-
70
7
80
1Yr1ehI P r r c r n t Neodymium
TI
70
Composition,
.
.
90
Nd
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
.
100
Nd
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Composition,
wt%
TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
d2
hP4
cP4
cF4
hP6
1132
cP2
(or c12)
tP2
oC32
cP4
el2
hP2
(a) A 84-cF4 order-disorder transformation in this phase has been suggested. (b) Cublc structure
presumed to be room- and higher-temperature phases. (c) Tetragonal structure presumed to be lower-temperature phase
J.T. Mason and P. Chiotti, 1972
Nd-Zn
OfC
?:
3?
40
50
Atonllc
60
Percent
70
Z I ~ C
80
,L,J-Tc--------c------T.c--------c------T.L
. . . . . . . . 100
Composition,
wt % Zn
gj0
Phase
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
I
I
,
NdZn,
"NdZnIzn
(Zn)
1mTm
P63lmmc
~m3m
Imma
Pnma
Immm
P63mc
141/amd
P63/mmc
R3m
14 llamd
...
P63/mmc
Other reported phase
NdZns
P6lmmm
20312/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ni-0
J.P. Neumann, T. Zhong, and Y.A. Chang, 1991
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Oxygen
-
50
..................................................
Phase
(Ni)
NiO(HT) or
NiO(LT)
Ni304
Ni203
Ni02
P
Composition,
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 0.01
cF4
cF8
rP2(a)
~mSm
FmTm
...
21.4
21.4
27
29
35.3
...
...
...
...
...
...
(a) The rP2 designation for NiO(LT) is an alternative to hR2.
-
13W1
0
............................................
I0
I5
Weight Percent Oxygen
5
Ni
20
Ni-rich region of the N i - 0 phase diagram
Atomic P e r c e n t Oxveen
0
NI
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Oxygen
5
45
4
Ni-0s
P. Nash, 1991
Atomlc P e r c e n t Osmlum
40
30
50
60
70
60 90
Phase
3400
Ni
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Osmium
0s
Composition,
wt% 0 s
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 30
64.4 to 100
cF4
hP2
Fmm
Pbslmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*313
K.J. Lee and P. Nash, 1991
Composilion,
wt% P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
...
Nil 22P
Nip
Nip2
Nip,
P (red)
Pcba
C2/c
Im3
...
High-pressure phase
Nip2
Metastable phases
"NiSPZn
a
a2
a3
"aNi3P
"PNi,P
"yNi,P"
a (amorphous)
P (amorphous)
(a) Might be hP336. (b) Liquid-ilke. (c) Molecular cluster
Ni-Pb
P. Nash, 1991
At ornlc Percent Lead
10
........ ,..-
---7----T-2
,
20
30
40
-
.
50
' ,
60
'
70 80
4-
L . L ~
(Ni)
(Ph)
Composition,
wt% ~h
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -4.1
99.9 to 100
cF4
cF4
Fmf m
Fmfm
77.9
hP4
P6dmmc
Metastable phase
NiPb
10
\I I
20
30
40
50
60
W e l ~ h t Percent Lead
70
80
90
IW
Pb
20314/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ni-Pd
A. Nash and P. Nash, 1991
A t o r n ~ cPercent Palladlurn
Phase
Composition,
w t % Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
.erw
-200
0
10
20
Ni
30
50
40
60
70
80
90
1W
Pd
Weight Percent P a l l a d i u m
Ni-Pr
Y.Y. Pan and P. Nash, 1991
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
Phase
Composition,
wt% N i
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P63/mmc
1mTm
Pnma
P6jmc
Cmcm
F<T~
R3m
Pb3(rnmc
R3m
P61m-m
Fm3m
-
Pr
Weight Percent
Ni-Pt
P. Nash and M.F. Singleton, 1991
Atornlc Percent P l a t ~ n u r n
0
+----"
..,. 101
20
30
40
50
M
70
..+J--.L.
80 'I11
Phase
(Ni,Pt)
Ni3Pt
NiPt
Composition,
wt% ~t
Pearson
symbol
0 to 100
cF4
cP4
tP4
-53
-76.9
Space
group
F
~
pm3m
P41mmm
T
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*315
D.E. Peterson, 1991
Ni-Pu
0 10 20 111
10
A
so
eo
.
1
\lorncc P P I ( I . ~
lillckel
~
,O
an
,
8
,,..-.
,....
YO
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ni
0
to
1.1
Pearson
symbol
el2
Space
group
Im3m
I4/mmm
Fm3m
Fddd
C2/m
P21/m
Cmcm
~ 4 m
R3m
C2lm
P6/mmm
Ph3/rnmc
Fmm
ckel
Pu-rich region of the Pu-Ni phase diagram
Pu
Weight P e r c e n t Nickel
-
Ni-Re
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic P e r c e n t Rhenium
0
20
10
f----
30
10
50
60
70
80 90
Phiw
A--7-*--+--L7
aa'c
(Ni)
(Re)
0
N1
10
20
30
-.---40
50
GO
70
Wcight P e r c e n t K h e n ~ u r n
Re
Composition,
w t % Re
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 40.1
94 to 100
cF4
hP 2
Fmjm
P6dmmc
2.31 6/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ni-Rh
A. Nash and P. Nash, 1991
A t o m l c Percent R h o d l u m
I
22W
Phase
(Ni,Rh)
--__---__--
_____-----___--(Ni) + (Rh)
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearson
symbol
0 to 100
cF4
Composition,
wt% Ru
Pearson
symbol
o to -47.6
-63 to 100
hP2
?
t**
Space
group
F
~
S
~
*-.
-200
0
10
20
40
30
Ni
60
50
70
80
1W
90
Weight P e r c e n t R h o d i u m
Rh
Ni-Ru
P. Nash, 1991
Atomic Percent R u t h e n i u m
0
P
4
I
p
30
W 20
40
-
60,
50
801
70
90
Phase
(NO
(Ru)
Metastable phase
'l
Ni
C F ~
Space
group
F ~ S
P6glmmc
~
...
Weight P e r c e n t R u t h e n i u m
Ni-S
M. Singleton, P. Nash, and K.J. Lee, 1991
A t o m ~ c Percent S u l f u r
o
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
..
. , . - . ,A- -J.
4p;fz-P
0
NI
10
20
30
40
50
60
Welght P e r c e n t S u l f u r
70
80
phase
Composition,
wt% s
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ni)
pl(Ni3Sd
PI(N~~SZ)
Pz(NG3)
?'(Ni7%)
*/(Ni7S6)
&(NiS)
G(NiS)
UNi3S4)
rl(NiSd
(s)
0
27
24.1 to -28
28 to 30
31.9
31.9
35.3 to 35.8
35.1 to 37.7
42.1
52.3
100
ct.4
hR5
(a)
F ~
R32
...
...
..
...
...
...
hR6
hP4
cF56
cPL2
oF128
R5m
P63lmmc
Fd3m
Pa3
Fddd
100
90
90
100
3'
(a) Hexagonal
(a)
S
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2e317
G.H. Cha, S.Y. Lee, and P. Nash, 1991
Ni-Sb
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t A n t ~ r n o n y
10
30
20
NI
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ni)
Ni15Sb
Ni3Sb
Ni5Sb2
Ni7Sb3
NiSb
NiSb2
(Sb)
0 t o 17.0
12.2
39.2 t o 41
41.1 to45.6
45
61.0 to 69.2
80.2 to 80.5
-100
cF4
...
oP8
mC28
Fmm
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-0
13.3
13.3
17.9
26 to 29
43.4
60.5
100
100
cF4
hP6
...
hP36
cF24
cP2
cF96
c12
hP2
~mSm
P6lmmm
Phase
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Nil
PNi3*,Se2
aNizSe2
Ni6Se5
-0
45.9 to 49.8
47
52.9
cF4
Nil,Se
NiSe,
We)
Metastable phase
57.8 to 63.8
72.9
-100
hR5
oP88
oC48
hP4
cP12
hP2
~m?m
...
R32
Pea2
Cmcm
P63/mmc
Pa3
P3121
tl*
...
ha
tc*
hP4
oP6
hR 2
...
Pmmm
...
...
P63/mmc
Pnnm
R3m
Weight P e r c e n t A n t i m o n y
P. Nash and Y.Y. Pan, 1991
Ni-Sc
.90. . . . . . . .
I
1541eC
(PC)
1337.C
(Ni)
Ni,Sc(HT)
NiSSc(LT)
Ni,Sc,
Ni2Sc
NiSc
NiSc,
(psc)
(aSc)
Ni-Se
...
P631mmc
Fdlm
Pm3m
Fd3m
Im3m
P63lmmc
S.Y. Lee and P. Nash, 1991
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t S e l e n ~ u r n
0
20
40
30
50
70
60
80
90
100
t
a'Ni3Sez
0
NI
10
20
30
10
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t Seleriiurri
70
60
90
100
Se
47
c**
20318/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ni-Si
P. Nash and A. Nash, 1991
Atomic P e r c e n t Sllicon
40
50
80
70
Phsse
(Nil
PI W S i )
P3 (NijSi)
Pz (NbSi)
Y (Ni31Si12)
8 (Ni2Si)
6 (NizSi)
E (Ni3Si2)
Nisi
PNiSiz
aNiSi2
(si)
Composition,
wt% Si
0 to 8.2
12.4 to 13.4
-13.4 to 14.1
-13.4 10 14.1
15.6
19.4 to 25
19.3
23 to 25
32.4
48.9
48.9
-100
Pearson
symbol
cF4
C P ~
d l 6
mC16
h ~ 1 4
hP6
of12
oP8O
oP8
>
cF12
cF8
Space
group
Fm2m
~m3m
...
...
...
...
...
...
Pntna
...
F ~ T ~
Fdh
Y.Y. Pan and P. Nash, 1991
-
Composition,
m
soo
a
I-
Pha3s
wt% Ni
(ySn-4
(psm)
0
0
o
SqNi
SmNi
SmNiz
SmNi3
Sm2Ni7
11.5
28.1
43.9
53.9
57.8
Sm5Ni19
SmNiS
SmzNi17
(Ni)
59.8
66.1
76.9
100
-
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
hP2
h~ 3
of16
oC8
cF24
hR24
hP36(a)
hR54(b)
ImTm
P63lmmc
(c)
hP6
hP38
cF4
R T ~
Pnma
Cmcm
~dTm
RTm
P6gLmmc
R3m
P3mll
P6lmmm
P63Immm
~mTm
(a) High-temperature form. (b) Low-temperature form. (c) Trigonal
Sm
Ni-Sn
P. Nash and A.
A t o m i c Percent T m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ni)
Ni3Sn(HT)
Ni3Sn(LT)
Ni3Snz(HT)
0 to 19.3
37.9 to 43.0
39 to 41.7
54.8 to 57.9
cF4
(a)
hP8
(a)
FmTm
...
P631mmc
0
Ni3Snz(LT)
Ni3Sn4
(PSn)
Metastable phase
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Orthorhombic
0
10
20
30
10
50
eight Percent Tin
Sn
Nash, 1991
55.9 to 59.9
71.6 to 7 3
-100
(b)
hP4
mC14
114
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*319
Ni-Ta
A. Nash and P. Nash, 1991
A t o r n c c Percent T a n t a l u n l
5
3200
10
.--7
80
30
40
50
60
70 80
Phaw
(Ni)
NiaTa
Ni3Ta(12)S
NizTa
NiTa
NiTa2
(Ta)
Metastable phases
i
Ni3Ta(2)S
Ni3Ta(3)S
Composition,
wt% Ta
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 33
27.8
47.2 to 55.1
59.7 to 62
75.5 to 78
86.1 to 88
92.5 to 100
cF4
t136
mP48
t16
hR13
tI12
~ 1 2
45
51
51
...
...
mP8
t18
Pmmm
14lmmm
~mTm
...
P21/m
14lmmm
~ 3 m
14I~cm
Im3m
Note: Number in parentheses indicates stacking period; S identifies the orthogonal layer type.
li
We~ght Percent Tantalum
Ta
Ni-Te
S.Y. Lee and P. Nash, 1991
Hi1
'I1
110
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
cF*
m**
Fmm
8'1
-0
55 9 to 62 4
58 0 to 59 7
59 7 to 60 1
60 0 to 60 4
56 5 to 58
Phase
Composition,
wt% N i
Pearson
symbol
Phase
(Nl)
PI
P2
Compos~t~on,
wt% Te
o* *
t* *
Ni-Ti
1.1. Murray, 1991
(PTi)
(aTi)
w(a)
Ti2Ni
TiNi'(a)
TiNi
","TiNi3(a)
TiNi3
y'TiNi,(a)
(Ni)
(a) Metastable
Space
group
20320/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
D.E. Peterson, 1991
Ni-U
Atomic Percent Nickel
10
0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Welght Percent Nlckel
U
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ni
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
~hme
Composition,
wt% v
Pearson
symbol
~hme
Composition,
wt% w
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
o to 39.9
cF4
tl 10
~ m
14/m
100
N1
J.F. Smith, O.N. Carlson, and P. Nash, 1991
Ni-V
Atornlc Percent Vanadium
0
2000j
LO
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
100
Space
group
H. Okamoto, 1991
Percent Tungsten
(Ni)
Ni4W
NiW
NiWz
(W)
,/'
,/'
,/'
./
Ni
Weight Percent Tungsten
W
-44
-75.8
86.3
99.9 to 100
o**
...
tI96
c12
I4
Im3m
m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*321
P. Nash, 1991
Phase
Composition,
wt% Y
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
FmSm
P63/mmc
P6/mmm
...
~ ? m
P63/mmc
R3m
Fd?m
Pnma
P4,2,2
Pnma
FmSm
Pbdmmc
(Ni)
Ni17Y2
NiSY
Ni4Y
Ni,Y,
Ni3Y
Ni,Y
NiY
Ni,Y3
NiY,
(PY)
(aY)
Ni-Yb
P. Nash, 1991
Atornlc P e r c e n t Ytterblurn
0
20
1500
30
10
50
.---
60
70
80
Composition,
wt% Yb
90 I
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
~mTm
P63/mmc
P6/mmm
Rs"
Fd3m
Pnma
Im3m
~mTm
Pbdmrnc
Welght P e r c e n t Ytterbium
Yb
P. Nash and Y.Y. Pan, 1991
Ni-Zn
Atonllc P e r c e n t Zlnc
0
,coo*
10
LO
;
30
--+
40
50
,.l-..-
GO
70
80
~ - , , C C . - - + - .
90
1
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
(a) M ~ g h thave orthorhombic structure
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2*322/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ni-Zr
P. Nash and C.S. Jayanth, 1991
A t o m ~ cPercent Zirconium
Composition,
wt% Zr
Phase
1600
o to 2.74
21.32 to 25.95
30.75
33.5 to 35.3
37.2
52.0 to 54.52
(Nil
Ni,Zr
Ni7Zr2
Ni,Zr
Ni2,Zr8
Nii&r7
16W
Pearson
symbol
FmTm
F43m
C2lm
P631mmc
...
C2ca(b)
Pbca(c)
14fm
Cmcm
14/m_cm
Im3m
P631mmc
(a) Triclinic. (b) Stoichiornetric. (c) Zr-rich
Np-PU
R.I. Sheldon and D.E. Peterson, 1985
Atomic Percent Plutonium
700
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pu
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 10.3
0 to 19.5
52 to 97.1
97.7 to 100
98.3 to 100
98.3 to 100
15.4 to 100
4.1 to 100
c12
tP4
of8
Im3m
P4Z12
Pnma
...
I4fmmm
FmTm
Fddd
C21m
f'2i/m
(a)
t12
cF4
oF8
mC3.1
mP16
(a) Orthorhornbic (tentative)
0
5
0
10
ZO
NP
.
30
40
Yl
80
70
Weight Percent Plutonium
80
90
0
100
Pu
Np-U
I
0
R.I. Sheldon and D.E. Peterson, 1985
10
20
Atomic Percent Uranium
30
40
Yl
@U
70
80
Z
W
100
M
Phase
(YNP~YU)
(PNP)
(~NP)
S
($u)
(au)
(a) Tentative
0
NP
10
20
40
SO
80
70
Weight Percent Uranium
30
80
90
IW
U
~
Composition,
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 26
0 to 20
23 to 69
7 4 to 100
57 to 100
c12
tP4
oP8
cP58(a)
tP30
0c4
Im3m
P4212
Pnma
...
P42lmmm
Cmcm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.323
O-Pb (condensed system, 0.1 MPa)
H.A. Wriedt, 1988
ALonnc Pct.ccnl O x ? geri
0
1200+
i
1
10
20
-L--+T..-.I
30
50
40
60
.--*-
1
.-...........-... r-.-70L
-.-..-+
P
I.
= 0.1
MPa
Phase
1
Composition,
wtk 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
woup
Stable (0.1 MPa)
Fmm
PbmA
P4/nmm
P4Ambc
Pbam
Pmc2,?
PC? or P 2 , / c
P42/mnm
(Pb)
PbO-M
PbO-L
Pb,04-T
Pb,04-R
Pb12017
Pb12019
PbO*-I
Other
Pb
Meight P e r c e n t Oxygen
Inset shows equilibrium phase fields under identical hydrostatic and partial
pressures
0 2
gas
P.R. Subramanian, 1990
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Oxygen
60
12oo+.
. . .
61
I.
.
.,
.
62
.
I
..
7
63
!
,
,
,
64
65
,
,
. / .
,
.
66
,
. .'. .
,
, . 67.' .
,
Phase
(PW
(apr)
Pr2OdHT)
Pr2OdLT)
o(a)
Pr70~2
P r 9 0 16
P~@Y
Pr1iOzo
Pr6011
PrO2fa)
Composition,
wtk 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF*
...
0
0
-15
-15
-16.0
-16.3
-17
-17.0
-17.1
-17.2
-18.5
High-pressure phase
PrO(b)
10.2
(a) Reported to be a htgh-temperature phase; stable above -920 "C. (b) Obtained by reduction of Pr20,
by Pr at 800 OC and 5 0 kbar
";K;
Wetght P e r c e n t Oxygen
O-Pu (condensed system)
H.A. Wriedt, 1990
Atorntc P e r c e n t Oxveen
Composition,
wtk 0
Pearson
svmbol
Space
erouu
P21/m
C2lm
Fddd
FmSm
I4Immm
Im3m
P?? 1
la?
la3
Fm?m
(a) The lower limit at 1100 T might be 58.8 at.% 0. (b) Possibly unconnected ranges of the same phase.
(c) At 0.1 MPa 0, oressure
Pu
Wctght P e r c e n t Oxygen
...
--..-
--
~
20324/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
From [Hansenl
Composition,
Phase
(Wn)
(aSn)
SnO(?)
Sn304
Sn0z
Sn
~ 1 %
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
11.9
15.2
21.3
t14
cF8
tP4
a* *
tP6
1411amd
Fd3m
P4lnmm
o
...
P4zlmnm
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Oxygen
1.1. Murray and H.A. Wriedt, 1987
A t o r n ~ c P?t.cent O x y g e n
20
,--.
+
+
L
T
30
40
60
50
-. . . . . . .+-.
T
-
Composition,
70
Phsse
@Ti)
(aTi)
Ti30
Ti20
yrio
Ti30Z
PTiO
aTi0
PTi 1,O
aTil,O
PTi203
TI
Weight P r r c e n t O x y g e n
aTiz03
PTi305
aTi,O,
a1Ti305
flbO7
PTi407
aTi407
fli509
PTkO 11
Ti7013
Ti8015
Ti9017
Rutile
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
erou~
Im3m
P631mmc
P31c
PTm 1
Fm3m
P6lmmrn
...
A2lm or B*l*
1222
14lm
R3c
R3c
...
C2Im
cc
Pi
pi
Pi
Pi
Ai
PI
'"1
P1
P4dmnm
Metastable phases
Anatase
Brookite
Mllamd
Pbca
High-pressure phases
Ti02-I1
TiOz-I11
Pbcn
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120325
H.A. Wriedt, 1989
0-v
Atomic P e r c e n t O x y g e n
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Phase
Composition,
wt% 0
Pear son
svmbol
Space
crow
1mSm
...
V
I4lmmm
14/mmm
C2/m
Fm3m
141/amd
R%
120
12/c
P2/c
Pi
pi
PT
PT
pi
P42/mnm
P21/c
C2lm
P2 1/a
C2/c
Pmnm
W e i g h t P e r c e n t Oxygen
...
...
P21/c
14 1 /a
PI
...
C2/m
P4~/mnrn
P2/m
C2/m
Pbnm
...
C2/m
Pnma
...
...
(a) At V @ (b) At V4O. (c) At V 1 6 0 j . (d) At V,03. (e) Above TI,.
t
(h) Also called VO?(B)
temperature.T,,. (g) 2 atoms V l u n ~ cell.
( 0 Below transformation
H.A. Wriedt, 1989
Phase
Composition,
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
crow
Im7m
P21Ic
P2/m
0 - W (condensed system, 0.1 MPa)
...
P2/m
...
P2/c
P2lm
...
...
A l o m i c P Cr i e l , [ O x v ~ e n
...
...
PC
Pi
P21/n
Pmnb
P4lnmn
P4/nmm
P4/nmm(?)
PmSn
P2
P6/mmm(?)
...
484'C
,
19
......
/
1 . .
10 5
..... , - . . . . . . . ,
20
Wright P e r c e n t Oxygen
. .-1 .
20 !,
. . .
(a) Member W.03,_~ senes. (b) Identified as W02,96(a). (c) Probable member W,O,,-I
series, called
WO? 4 8 ) . (dl Often described as a slightly d~stortedReO, (DOq).(e) Hexagonal. ( 0 cub^
2*326/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
0.N. Carlson, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Oxygen
0
. . . 10! . .
20
,
, ,
,
30
,
,
,
, I . .
,
. .
40
50
8 ,
60
Phase
(BY)
(ay)
aY203,
PY203,
"IYz03(a)
Composition,
wt% 0
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 7.3
0 to 2.9
20.8 to 2 1
-2 1
-21
c12
hP2
c180
hp(?)
mC(?)
Imb
P6glmmc
Ia?
Am1
C2lm
(a) High-pressure phase
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Oxygen
J.P. Abriata, R. Versaci, and J. Garc&, 1986
A t o r n ~ r PCI.CCII~
OXV~RII
Composition,
Phase
wt% 0
Pearaon
symbol
Space
group
(azr)
aZrOz,
0 to 8.6
0 to 2.0
22 to 25.9
25.8 to 25.9
25.9
hP2
cI?
cF12
tP6
mP12
P63/mmc
ImTm
Fmb
P4dnmc
P211c
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
(0s)
(Pt)
0 to - 1 1
7 5 to 100
hP2
cF2
P = 1 atm
1/ZrO2,
P302,
Zr
W e ~ g h t Percent Oxyger~
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t P l a t i n u m
3500
Space
group
P63l~mc
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120327
Os-Pu
S.T. Konobeevskv.
,, 1955
A I o r n ~ c Prrcpirt O s r n l u r n
Composition,
wt% 0 s
Phase
0 to -5
0 to -0.4
0 to -0.4
-0
1400
Pearson
symbol
~12
t12
cF4
oF8
(PPu)
(aPu)
Ppul9os
aPulpOs
PPu3Os
aPulOs
Pu50s,
PuOs,
Space
group
ImSm
14lmmm
F
~
S
~
Fddd
C2/m
P2dm
Pnna
Cmca
-
-
O t h e r reported phase
PuOs2
Pu
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Osmlum
Os-Re
M.A. Tylkina, V.P. Polyakova, and E.M. Savitskii, 1962
Atomlc Percent R h e n l u m
3m
Phase
(Os,Re)
Composition,
wt% Re
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
hP2
P6dmmc
3WO
0s
Weight P e r c e n t R h e n i u m
Re
Os-Rh
H. Okamoto. 1990
Atomic Percent Rhodlum
3500
1
1000
0s
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t R h o d l u m
Rh
Phase
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(0s)
(Rh)
0 to -19
-31 to 100
hP2
cF2
P63/mmc
Fm3m
203281Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
M.A. Tylkina, V.P. Polyakova, and E.M. Savitskii, 1962
0s-Ru
Atomic Percent Ruthenium
Phase
(0s.R~)
Composition,
wt% R u
Pear son
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
hP2
P6slmmc
aM
0
0s
10
20
30
40
SO
BO
70
80
100
90
Weight Percent Ruthenium
Ru
H. Okamoto, 1990
phase
(0s)
OsSi
0s2Si3
OsSiz
(si)
Metastable phase
0sSiz.m
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symho~
Space
group
0
12.9
18
22.8
100
hP 2
cP8
0P40
oC48
cF8
P63lmmc
P213
Pbcn
Cm~a
Fd3m
22.8
mC12
C2/m
0s-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1990
Atomic Percent Osmium
Composition,
Pearson
Phase
wt% 0 s
symbol
group
(aTi)
TiOs
(0s)
0 to 54
0 to 4
-71 to -80
-94 to 100
d2
hP2
cP2
W2
Im3m
P63/mmc
Pmsm
P6slmmc
3000
2800
2600
2400
)
I
Space
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*329
From [Shunkl
Pbaw
Composition,
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(0s)
0s2U
os4U5
OsU2
osu3
(Yu)
( w )
(aU)
0 to <1.2
-37.6 to 39
-61.0
-71.5
79
85 to 100
>97 to 100
>99 to 100
hP2
cF24
...
P63lmmc
FdTm
...
m'12
...
c12
tP30
oC4
...
1m3m
P42/mnm
cmcm
0s-v
...
J.F. Smith, 1989
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u r n
Phaw
Composition,
wt% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -20
-21.1 to 25
25 to ?
? t o 100
hP2
cP8
cP2
d2
P63/mmc
Pm?n
Pm3m
1m3m
3000
(0s)
OsV
(v)
2500
Y
L
D
2000
+2
m
D
a
E
C
I500
1000
500
0s
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u r n
V
S.V. Nagender Naidu and
Phaw
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 53
-63 to -80
-81 to 100
hP2
tP30
el2
P63/mmc
P42Imnm
lm3m
42Z.C
(0s)
rn
(w)
P. Rama Rao, 1991
2*330/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
3200
10
0
20
30
A t o m ~ cPercent Zirconium
50
60
70
80
40
1W
90
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Zr
Weight P e r c e n t Z i r c o n i u m
0s
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
P-Pd
H. Okamoto, unpublished
A t o n i ~ cPercent P a l l a d ~ u m
o
20
10
30
40
50
60
70
80
90100
555T
Phase
P (white)
P3Pd
P2Pd
P3Pd7
P2Pd5
PPd,
PPd4.8
PPd6
P2Pd1 5
(Pd)
0
P
10
20
40
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t Palladium
30
80
90
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
0
53
63.2
88.9
89.6
91 t o 93.5
94.3
95.4
96.3
100
c**
c132
mC12
hR20
oP16
mP24
mP2 8
hR17
cF4
Space
group
...
ImT
C2/c
R5
...
Pnma
P2 I
P21/c
R?
Fm3m
100
Pd
From [Moffattl
P-Pr
Atornlr P r r c r n t Phosnhorus
Phase
l'r
Wc~gllt P e r c e n t Phosphorus
P
Composition,
-96 P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2@331
H. Okamoto. 1990
Phase
(Ru)
RuzP
RuP
RuP2
PRuP4
aRuP4
1000
SO0
Composition,
wt% P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
13.3
23.5
38.0
55
hP2
oP12
oP8
of6
aP15
mPlO
P631mmc
Pnma
Pnma
Pnnm
pi
P21lc
Composition,
wt% P
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
114
cF8
hR7
hR7
hR8
14llamd
~d3m
Rsm
R*
R3m
cF8
hP16
t14
h**
F~%I
F'321
14mm
55
I
(Ru)
7
.
.
A.C. Vivian, 1920
Phw
($Sn)
0
(aSn)
o
Sn4P3
16.4
Sn3P4
-25.8
SnP3
44
Metastablelhigh-pressure phases
SnP
20.7
20.7
20.7
Sn7Plo
27.1
Sn
...
Welght Percent ~ h o s p h o r u s
1.1. Murray, 1987
Phw
Composition,
wt% P
(a) Trigonal. (b) Not shown in diagram
TI
Wrieht Percent Phosphorus
Pearson
symbol
Space
erou~
2e3321Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
P-Zn
J.Dutkiewicz, 1991
1300j,
,I?,
, ,
, ,
,
7,
,
,
,
, ,3?,,
A t o m ~ cPercent Phosphorus
,4?, , ,
, ,
, ,5?,
, ,
,
,
, , , ,
,6?,,
, ,
,
,
,
, ,??,
, , , , ,
,
, , ,
,a? ,
, ,
Phase
Composition,
w t P~
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(zn)
~
~
~
0
.
.
~
,
,
,
10
~
~
,
.
,
~
~
20
Zn
(
.~ , .~ . ,. , .. . . , .. . ,, , , , ., . , , , , . . , , , , . , . , , , , , , , , , .
30
40
50
60
70
Weight Percent Phosphorus
Pb-Pd
H. Okamoto, 1990
-
Atomic Percent Palladium
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
I
SO
80
Composition,
wt% pd
--
Pearson
symbol
-
Space
group
Fmk
I4lmcm
Pi
Pb
Weight Percent Palladium
Pb-Pr
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cPercent Praseodymium
10
80
30
40
50
60
70
80
Praseodymium
00
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Pb)
Pb3Pr
PbzPr
Pb4Pr3
P~IOP~II
Pb4Pr5
Pb3Pr5
PbPr3
(PPr)
(apt)
0
19
25.3
33.8
42.8
46.0
53.1
67
94.9 to l o o
96.8 to 100
cF4
cP4
t124
Fmzm
Pm3m
1411amd
100
...
...
tl84
oP36
hP16
cP4
~ 1 2
hP4
14lmmm
Pnma
P63In~cm
Pm2m
Im3m
P6slmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*333
Pb-Pt
From [Hansenl
100
'40
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
\Ve~ght Percent Lead
E.M. Foltyn and D.E. Peterson, 1988
Atomic Percent Lead
50
70
60
80
80
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
T-
Space
group
ImJm
I41mmm
~mSm
Fddd
C2lm
P21lm
Pm3m
I4lmcm
P631mcm
P6322
...
1411~md
Pm3m
FmJm
A.N. Kuznetsov, K.A. Chuntonov, and S.P. Yatsenko, 1977
Pb-Rb
Atomic Percent Rubldlurn
80
90
.
Composition,
wt% Rb
I
(Pb)
Pb,Rb
PbzRb
Pb,Rb2
PbSRb4
PbRb
(Rb)
Pearson
symbol
Space
UP
20334/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Pb-Rh
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cPercent R h o d ~ u m
C
2000
1883T
Phase
Composition,
wt% Rh
(Pb)
PblRh
PbzRh
PbsRh,
PbRh
Pb2Rh3
(Rh)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
FmJm
t112
oFl2
hF'6
hP4
cF4
I4lmcm
Fmmm
P6lmmm
P63l~mc
Fm3m
...
...
J.-C. Lin, R.C Sharma, and Y.A. Chang, 1986
Atomic Percent Sulfur
0 2030 40 50
Z
O
O
I
60
~
70
,
' ,
80
90
,
95
100
Phme
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
cFX
oP8
mP*
oF128
Fm3m
Fm3m
Pnm
P21lc
Fddd
(a) High-pressure phase
Pb-Sb
S. Ashtakala, A.D. Pelton, and C.W. Bale, 1981
A t o m ~ cPercent A n t ~ m o n y
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
700
Pb
Weight Percent Antimony
Sb
Phme
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(pb)
(Sb)
0 to 3.5
? t o 100
cF4
hR2
F~J,
R3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.335
Pb-Se
J.-C. Lin, R.C. Sharma, and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
Phase
Composition,
wt% S e
-
(Pb)
PbSe
PbSe(HP)
(Se)
-0
27.6
27.6
-100
Pearson
symbol
Space
cF4
cF8
of87
hP3
F ~
FmTm
Pnma
P3121
-
group
S
~
Welght P e r c e n t Selenlum
Pb-Sn
I. Karakaya and W.T. Thompson, 1988
Atornlc P e r c e n t Tln
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Pb)
($Sn)
(aSn)
0 to 18.3
97.8 to 100
100
cF4
114
cF8
~mSm
14llamd
FdTm
52 to 7 4
52
hP 1
hP2
P6lmmm
P6stmc
High-pressure phases
€(a)
~'(b)
(a) From phase diagram calculated at 2500 MPa. (b) This phase was clalrned for alloys at 350 "C and 5500
MPa.
0
Pb
10
20
30
10
50
60
.-. 70 .
Welght P e r c e n t Tln
I
80
90
100
Sn
Pb-Sr
C. Bruzzone, E. Franceschi, and F. Merlo, 1981
Atomic P e r c e n l S t r o n l ~ u m
Phase
(pb)
Pb3Sr
Pb~Sr3
Pb3Sr2
PbSr
Pb4SrS
PW~S
PbSr,
(PW
(aW
Composition,
wt% S r
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
12
20.2
22
29.7
34.6
41.3
45.9
100
100
cF4
rP4
r**
1**
oC8
of36
1132
of12
~12
cF4
~m3m
P4Immm
...
...
Cmcm
Pnma
141mcm
Pn-ma
1m3m
~mSm
2*336/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
1.-C. Lin, K.C. Hsieh, R.C. Sharma, and Y.A. Chang, 1989
Pb-Te
1000
0
10
I
20
,
'
30
,
Atomlc Percent Tellurlurn
40
50
80
70
80
',
',
SO
' ,
100
(Pb)
PbTe
PbTe(HP)
(Te)
so0
800
?
Phaw
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
38.1
38.1
loo
cF4
cF8
of8
hP3
Fm2m
Fm3m
Pnma
P3121
700
w
3
4
m
w
BOO
a
5
C
500
400
0
Pb
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t Tellurium
00
SO
100
Te
From [Hultgren,Bl
Pb-TI
4
0
10
Atornlc Percent Thalllum
50
60
70
30
10
w
20
80
100
m
90
haw
(Pb)
(PTO
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 88
92.7 to 100
96 to 100
CF4
c12
hP 2
~mJm
Im3m
P63lmmc
IW
Pb
Weight Percent Thallium
TI
O.N. Carlson, F.A. Schmidt, and D.E. Diesburg, 1967
Pb-Y
0
Y
LO
A t o m l c Percent Lead
20
30
40
JO
Weight Percent Lead
60
70
80
90 100
Pb
haw
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 5.6
0 to 5.6
-58.3
65.1
82.3
87.5
100
cI2
hP2
hP16
oP6
oC12
cP4
c1'4
Im3m
P63/mmc
P63Imcm
Pnma
C s m
Pmm
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.337
Pb-Yb
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1991
Atornlc Perrpnt Ytterblurn
ha^
818~
785T
(Pb)
Pb3Yb
PbYb
Pb,Yb,
PbYb,
(YY~)
(PYb)
(aYb)
Composition,
w1% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
mow
-0
cF4
22
45 5
58 2
62 6
cP4
tP4(a)
hP16
oP12
c12
cF4
hP2
Fmm
Pmm
P4lmmm(a)
P63Imcm
Pnma
1m3m
~ m j m
P63lmmc
-100
-100
-100
(a) Low-temperature modification
1
Pb
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Y t t e
From [Hansen]
Pearson
symbol
Space
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pb
(Zn)
(Pb)
0
100
hP2
cF4
P63lmmc
Fm3m
Pd-Pt
H. Okamoto, 1991
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t P l a t ~ n u r n
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1
Phme
I800
group
L
78WT
(Pd,Pt)
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
0 to 100
cF4
Fm?m
group
20338/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Pd-Pu
, \ t o r n ~ rP
0
10
20
30
10
T.L
1600
50
/.--+
60
~ r c ~ n
P at l l a d l u m
70
80
V.I. Kutaitsev, N.T. Chebotarev, I.G. Lebedev, M.A. Andrianov,
V.N. Konev. and T.S. Menshikova. 1967
90
100
1aaa0c
~hsse
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 0.7
0
0
0
0
0
cl2
I12
cF4
Imsm
141mmm
~msm
Fddd
C21m
P21lm
1400
(@u)
(6'Pu)
(@u)
(Ypu)
(PPu)
(aPu)
Pu5Pd4
PuPd
Pu,Pd,
PuPd,
(Pd)
1200
P
I000
*a
e,
d
a
w
n
800
600
oF8
mC34
m~16
25.8
...
...
-30 to 30.4
OP8
Pnmo
cP4
cF4
Pmm
Fm3m
35.3
-52.2 to 61.4
-73 to 100
...
...
400
ZOO
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
W e ~ g h lP e r c e n t
Pu
80
Pd
Palladium
Pd-Rh
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atornlc
0
11'
20
30
40
Percent
50
R h o d u r n
80
70
80
90
1W
Phase
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Ih)
Pd
Weight
Percent Rhodium
Rh
Pd-Ru
H. Okamoto, 1990
10
20
Atomic
30
40
Percent Ruthenium
50
60
70
80
90
Phnre
Composition,
wt% Ru
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
(Pd)
(Ru)
0 to -16.5
-82 to 100
cF4
hP2
Fmsm
P6slmmc
134.C
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.339
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomlc Percent Sulfur
10
20
40
30
50
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
0
7
9
11.6
23.2
37.6
cF4
{PI0
uC16
cP64
tP16
up12
Fmm
~ 7 2c ,
Ama2
Pm3m
P42/m
Pbco
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Pd)
Pd,Sb
PdzoSb7
Pd8Sb3
PdSSb2
Pd,Sb
Pd5Sb3
PdSb
PdSbz
(Sb)
0 t o 18.7
27.6 t o 29.7
28.6
30.3
30.5 to 31.1
36.4
37.4 to 41.7
53.4 t o 44.2
69.6
100
cF4
cF16
hR27
hR44
hP84
oC24
hP4
hP4
cP12
hR2
Fmsm
Fd3m
R3
R ~ c
P63/mmc
Cmc2
P6jlmmc
P6glmmc
P53
R3m
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
60
__+
-~--.+.
--c--7--c--7.-q+.
.-.-h-r,
Phase
(Pd)
Pd4S
Pd3S
Pd~7S7
PdS
PdSz
Pd
Welght P e r c e n t S u l f u r
Pd-Sb
H. Okamoto. 1992
R t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t
Ant~rnonv
1600
1555'I
1500
1400
I
1300
y
1200
0
3
1100
4
m
1000
g
group
900
800
700
83
600
50C
30
Pd
40
50
60
70
W c ~ g l i t P e r c e n t Antlrnony
80
90
100
Sb
Pd-Se
H. Okamoto, 1992
20340/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H.C. Baxi and T.B. Massalski, 1991
Pd-Si
Phase
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
(Pd)
PdSSi
Pd9Si2
Pd3Si
PdzSi
Pd2Si'(a)
PdSi(c)
(Si)
0
5.02
5.54
8.1
11.5 to 12.1
11.7 to 12.1
20.9
100
cF4
mP24
oP44
of16
hP9
Space
group
~ m z m
p2 I
Pnma
Pnma
~62m
(b)
...
OP8
CF 8
Pnma
~ d
3
~
(a) Below 1090 "C. (b) Hexagonal superstructurebased on the Pd2Si unit cell. (c) From 972 to 612 *C
Welght P e r c e n t S l l ~ e o n
Pd
H. Okamoto, 1990
Pd-Sm
Phase
(Pd)
PdlSm
PdSSm
Pd3Sm
Pdz~Sm~o
Pd4Sml
PPdSm
aPdSm
Pd2Sm3
Pd2Sml
Wm)
(PSm)
(aSm)
Welght P e r c e n t S a m a r l u m
Pd
Composition,
wt% Sm
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 14
16.8
22.1
29.1 to 32
40.3
51.5
58.6
58.6
68
77
100
100
loo
cF4
c**
0*72
cP4
mC 124
hR14
Fm3m
Prnm
C2/m
R3
oC8
Cmcm
hP2O
,212
hP2
hi? 3
P6pc
Im3m
P63/mmc
~ 3 m
...
...
...
...
...
...
Sm
H. Okamoto, 1990
Pd-Sn
Atornlc P e r c e n t Tln
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phase
(Pd)
Pd3Sn
Pd2Sn
Y
Pd20Sn1 3
PPd3Sn2
aPdlSn2
6
PdSn
PdSn2
PdSn3
PdSnl
(PSn)
(asn)
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fmm
Pm3m
Pnma
P63lmmc
P3,21
...
...
...
Pnma
Aha2
Cmca
Aha2
1411amd
~d3m
(continued)
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Tin
Sn
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2-341
Pd-Sn phase diagram from 39 to 45 wt% Sn
A t o m i c P e r c e n t Tin
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Tln
H. Okamoto, 1992
Pd-Te
A t o r n ~ rP e r c e n t T r l l u r ~ u n i
o
.,.r
10
--.-,
80
~
no
-
C
c
40
c
so
,.-c4-7L. c
GO
70
so
....,.,
Space
group
Phase
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
(Pd)
Pd17Te4
Pd3Te
Pd20Te7
Pd8Te3
Pd7Te3
Pd9Te4
Pd3Te2
PdTe
PdTe2
(Te)
0 to 13
-22
27.8
30 to 34
30 to 39
33 to 34
39 to 40
44
54.5 to 59
68.5 to 70.6
100
cF2
c12
hR27
o* *
m**
mP5 2
oC20
hP4
hP3
hP 3
1mTm
R3
...
...
P21lc
Cmcm
P6gmmc
P3ml
P3121
23 to 26
44
cF104
oP45
~43m
P2221
Composition,
wt% ~d
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 65
0 to -2
36
52.6
66 to 7 2
66 to 7 2
77
78.7
81 to 82
81 to 82
87
87 to 92
93 to 100
c12
hP2
cp8
116
cP2
oP4
oC20
tP8
t16
ImTm
P6jlmmc
PmSn
14/mmm
Pm3m
Pmma
Cmcm
P4lmmm
14lmmm
loo
90
L
...
F
~
S
~
...
Questionable phases
Pd,Te
Pd3Tez
449.57-C
0
I0
20
30
10
50
80
GO
711
'10
1110
Wclglrl I'rr-writ ' I ' r l l u r l l i r n
Pd
'V <,
Pd-Ti
l
1.1. Murray, 1987
s
o
o
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t P a l l a d ~ u m
30
50
20
;
!
+408,
60
70
80
80
----Cc
Phaw
--
@Ti)
(aTi)
Ti4Pd
Ti2Pd
PTiPd
aTiPd
Ti2Pd3
Ti,Pds
TiPd2TiPd,
TiPd3
~(b)
(Pd)
(a)
hP16
cP4
cF4
...
P63lmmc
P4Immm
F ~ S
(a) Orthorhombic distortion of MoSi2. (b) Posslbly an ordered metastable phase. The dot-dash lines show
the observed limits of orderine.
~
20342/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1990
W e ~ g h t PrrcerlL T h a l l i u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearron
symbol
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pd
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
TI
H. Okamoto, 1992
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t P a l l a d i u m
o
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000
Space
group
Im3m
P42lmmm
Cmcm
...
...
P63/mmc
Pm3m
...
Fmsm
J.F. Smith, 1989
Pd-V
A t o m ~ cP r r c e n t V a n a d ~ u m
Phme
(Pd)
Pd3V
PdzV
PdV,
(V)
Pd
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u r n
V
Composition,
wt% V
Pearsen
symbol
Space
group
0 to 40
-14
-19.3
cF4
tI8
016
cP8
cI2
Fmm
I4lmmm
Im?
Pm3n
Im3m
-59
-44.4
to
100
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2*343
S.V. Nagender Naidu and P. Rama Rao, 1991
A t o r n l r Percent Tungsten
Composition,
wt% w
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(W)
0 t o 33
-97 t o 100
cF4
c12
~~3~
IrnG
Phase
Composition,
wt% Y
Pearson
symbol
phase
(Pd)
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t Y t t r i u m
0
LO
20
50
40
30
60
80
70
90
100
Space
group
O t o 11
10.7
17.7 t o 22
29.4
36
36
38.6
45.5 t o -47
45.5 t o -47
56
67.6
72
100
100
Weight P e r c e n t Y t t n u m
Pd
Y
Pd-Yb
A. landelli and A. Palenzona, 1973
Atarnlc P e r c e n t Y t t e r b i u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
80
100
Phase
(Pd)
Pd,Yb
Pd2.13Yb
Pd2Yb
PPdl 63Yb
aPd1.63Yb
Pd4Yb,
PPdYb
aPdYb
PPdzYb5
aPd2Yb5
PdYb,
Wb)
@Yb)
200
0
Pd
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t Ytterbium
80
80
100
Yb
Composition,
wt% Yb
Pearson
symbol
O t o 18
30 to 35
43
44.8 to 46.1
cF4
cP4
...
...
...
49 t o 50.4
49 t o 50.4
55
59 t o -61.9
60 t o 61.9
...
...
...
...
-80.2
-80.2
83
100
100
hR14
Space
group
F
~
T
~
RT
...
cP2
Pmj m
...
...
...
c12
cF4
~
...
...
...
...
T
pmTm
...
Imm
F ~
2*344/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Pd-Zn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent
Z ~ n c
Phase
Weight Percent Z ~ n c
Pd
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Zn
Pr-Sb
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Antimony
o
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
80
loo
phase
(PPd
(aW
Pr2Sb
Pr5Sb3
Pr4Sb3
PPrSb
aPrSb
PrSb2
(Sb)
Composition,
wt% sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
wow
0
0
30.1
34.1
39.4
46.4
46.4
63.4
100
cI2
hP4
tI12
hP16
cI28
Im3m
P63lmmc
I4lmmm
P63lmcm
143d
...
...
cF8
oC24
hR2
Fm3m
Cmca
R3m
30.75CC
0
10
20
30
Pr
40
50
60
70
60
90
Weight Percent Antimony
100
Sb
Pr-Se
E.I. Yarembach, 1970
Atomic Percent Selemurn
o
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phase
(PPr)
(aW
PrSe
I%%
aPr3Se4
Pr4Se7
PrSe~.9
Pr3Se7
(Se)
0
Pr
10
20
30
10
50
GO
Wright Prrcent S r l e n l u m
70
60
DO
100
Se
Composition,
wt% Se
o
o
35.9
-42.2 to 46
-42.2 to 46
49.5
-52.9
57
100
Pearson
symbol
~12
h ~ 4
cF8
cI28
tI28
tP22
tP6
..
hP3
Space
group
1m3m
P631mmc
FmTm
143d
I4lmcm
P4lmmm
P4lmmm
...
P3121
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2-345
Pr-Si
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
w c
0
0
0
10.7
10.7
13.7
16.6
21.0
26.4
26.4
100
Pearsan
symbol
group
1m3m
P631mmc
...
I4lmcm
P41212
Pnma
...
141/amd
Imma
Fdsm
C I ~
hP4
...
t132
tP36
OP8
...
t112
0112
cF8
Weight P e r c e n t S ~ l i c o n
Pr-Sn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc P e r c e n t Tm
i800tr-&?e--lr-le
80
70
d
80
.-
~
~
Phase
(PW
(aPr)
Pr,Sn
aPr5Sn3
PrSSnd
PrSn
PPr&
aPr3Sns
PrSn,
@sn)
(aSn)
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Tin
Pr
Pr-Te
Space
-
-
Pr
(PW
(aPr)
PPr5Si,
aPr5Si3
Pr5Si,
PrSi
Pr3Si,
PPrSiz
aPrSiz
(Si)
Composition,
w t % Si
Composition,
wt% Sn
0 to -3
0 to -1.3
22
33.6
33.6
40.2
45.7
58.4
58.4
72
100
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
c12
hP4
cP4
hP16
tI32
oP36
ImSm
P6jlmmc
Pmm
P63/mcm
14lmcm
Pnma
...
group
...
...
...
cP4
t14
cF8
...
...
Pm7m
1411amd
Fd3m
Sn
--
E.I. Yarembach, 1970
Atomic Percent T e l l u r ~ u m
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
.2,90.*_
Phase
Composition,
wt% Te
(BPr)
(apr)
PrTe
bTe4
Pr,Te3
Pr,Te,
PrTe
Pr3Te,
0
0
47.5
54.7 to -57
58
-61.3
-63.2
68
Pearson
symbol
C I ~
hP4
cF8
~128
...
...
...
...
Space
group
Im3m
P63lmmc
Fm7m
143d
...
...
...
...
Cmcm
2*346/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
erou~
(a) A cP4-cF4 order-d~sorder transformation in this phase has been suggested. (b) Cubic structure
presumed to be room- and higher-temperature phases. (c) Tetragonal structure presumed to be lowertemperature phase
70
Pr
60
90
Weight P e r c e n t T h a l l ~ u m
100
T1
Pr-Zn
J.T. Mason and P. Chiotti, 1970
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im7m
P63lrnmc
Pmm
...
Imma
Pnma
Immm
P63Imc
14@md
R3m
P6glmmc
I4,lamd
P631mmc
(a) r** below 45 K
Pr
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Zinc
Zn
H. Okarnoto, 1992
Pt-Rh
Atomic Percent Rhodium
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phase
(Pt,Rh)
......................
0
Pt
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight P e r c e n t R h o d i u m
70
60
90
100
Rh
Composition,
w t % ~h
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
cF4
Fm3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*347
H. Okamoto and L.E. Tanner, 1991
Pt-Si
A t o r n ~ cI ' r r c e n t S l l i c o n
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Pt)
yPt3Si(a)
PPt3Si
aPt3Si
0 to 0.2
5
5
5
PPtl2Si5
aptl#,
PPt2Si
aPt2Si
Pt6Sis
PtSi
Pt2Si3(b)
PtdSi9(b)
isi)
5.7
5.7
6.7
6.7
10.7
12.6
18
24.4
100
cF4
t116
oPl6
mC16
t134
FmSm
I4/mcm
Pnma
C2/m
14/m
P4/n
P62m
I4/mmm
P21/m
Pnma
P6jlmmc
Phase
tP68
hP9
116
mP22
oP8
hPlO
?
cF8
?
~dym
(a) Impurity stabillzed. (b) Metastable
Pt
Wplght P e r c e n t Slllcon
S1
From [Hansenl
Pt-Sn
Atomlc P e r c e n t Tin
1900
0
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Tin
90
I
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
(Pt)
Pt3Sn
PtSn
Pt2Snz
PtSnz
PtSn4
iPW
(aSn)
0 to ?
17
>36 to 37.8
48
54.9
71
loo
loo
Pearson
symbol
cF4
cP4
hP4
h~10
cF12
oC20
114
CF8
Space
group
F ~ I ~
Pm3m
P63/mmc
P63l~mc
Fm3m
Aha2
I4,larnd
FdSm
Sn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Pt-Te
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t T e l l u r ~ u ~ n
ioo
-
I
I
1
I
Phase
(PI)
PtTe
Pt3Te4
Pt2Te3
PtTe,
(Te)
Compos~t~on,
wt% Te
0 to 7
39 5
-46 5
50
56 7
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
cF4
mC8
mC14
mC20
hP3
hP 3
FmTm
C2/m
C21m
C?/m
P3ml
P3121
20348/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Pt-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
0
2000
5
Alornlc P e r c e n t P l a t ~ n u r n
20
30
10
40
50
60
70 80
Phase
Composition,
wt% Pt
Pearson
symbol
Space
grow
Im3m
P63lmmc
Pm3n
Pmma
Pmma
Ibam
P63l~mc
Pm3m
Fm3m
TI
W e ~ g h lP e r c e n t P l a t l n u m
Pt-TI
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T h a l l ~ u r n
Phase
(Pt)
Pt3T12
PtTl
PtT1,
(P'W
Pt
Welght P r r c e n t T h a l l ~ u r n
Phpse
cF4
hP20
hP6
1112
c12
hP2
Fmm
P31c
P61mmm
14@m
Im3m
P6dmmc
Composition,
wtgb U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fm?m
F43m
P63/mmc
Ama2
C?m
Im3m
P42/mnm
Cmcm
160C
1400
U
I200
d
m
m
a
0 to ?
41
51.2
67.7
100
100
Space
ITOUD
B.A.S. Ross and D.E. Peterson, 1990
1780.0'
l8OC
5
Pearson
symbol
TI
Pt- u
:
3
Composition,
wt% TI
(a) Distorted structure
1000
C
800
600
400
Welght P e r c e n t U r a n ~ u m
U
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*349
J.F. Smith, 1989
R-V
Atornlc P e r c e n t Vanadlurn
0 10 20 30
40
50
60
70
80
90
I
95
Phase
fpt)
Pt,V
Pt,V
PtV
PtV,
(v)
Composition,
wi% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -26
7 to 8
1 1 to21.1
19.7 to 22
-34 to 54
66 t o 100
cF4
118
016
of4
cP8
c12
F ~ S
I4/mmm
Immm
Pmma
~m?n
Im3m
-3.2
6.9 to 7.2
20.7 to 23.5
t118
cP4
tP2
cP4
1 4 1 ~
Pm3m
P 4 / ~ m
Pm3m
~
Metastable phases
PtsV(a)
Pt3V(b)
PtV
PtV,
-44
(a) Possibly misclassified because nelther its stability nor metastability is conclusive. (b) Stabilized by
oxygen and possibly also by nitrogen and/or carbon
Pt
Weight Percent Vanadlurn
V
H. Okamoto, 1990
Pt-Zr
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Z ~ r c o n i u n i
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Phaw
Composition,
wt% Z r
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Fm3m
Pm3m
P63/mmc
14@
Pm3m
Cmcm
P63/ycm
lm3m
P6glmmc
Note: The polymorphic transformation temperature of P a r is unknown. (a) Not shown in the diagram
H. Okamoto, 1990
Pu-Sc
At.omlc P e r c e n t S c a n d ~ u m
1600
0 20 30 40 50
60
70
B?
90
I
--*..
.....-.
0
-7.T.
Composition,
wt% Sc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
c12
112
cF4
oF8
mC34
mP16
Im3m
I4/mmm
...
hP 2
F
~
Fddd
C2/m
P2 d m
...
P63/mmc
S
~
2*350/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Pu-U
H. Okamoto, 1992
Atomic P e r c e n t U r a n l u m
Composition,
Pu
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 2
0 to 2
0 to 2
0 to 3
0
25 to 77
4 to 80
77 to 100
89 to 100
cI2
tI2
cF4
oF8
mC34
mP16
cP5 8
tP52
tP30
oc4
Imlim
I4lmmm
Fm3m
Fddd
C2lm
P2dm
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
...
P42lrnnm
Cmcm
U
Weight P e r c e n t U r a n i u m
Pu-Zn
lax
...
From [Chiotti]
0 10 20 30 40
50
60
Atomlc Percent Zlnc
70
80
90
Phase
w*C
(EPU)
(6'Pu)
(6W
(YW
(PPu)
(aPu)
PuZn2
Pu3Zn%1
P"3Znzz
Pu2Zn17
K (HT)
0 to 0.96
0
0 to 1.1
0
0
o
c12
t12
cF4
OF8
mC34
m ~ 1 6
cF24
hP142
t1100
h
(Zn)
34.9
-52.5 to 55
66
69.5
-7 1
-7 1
-71.8
100
Pbse
Composition,
wt% Z r
Pearson
symbol
0 to 100
0 to 0.76
0 to 47
0 to 1.1
0 to 2,7
0 to 0.57
4 to 14
52
71 to 100
cI2
112
cF4
oF8
mC34
mP16
tP80
hP3
hP 2
K
(LT)
hR *
hP *
hP38
hP
hP2
+
Space
group
Im3m
I4Immm
Fmm
Fddd
C2/m
P2 d m
Fd3m
P6jmc
14@md
R3m
P6lmmm
P6jImmc
P6j22
P6slmmc
Weight Percent Zinc
Pu-Zr
From [Elliott]
Atomlc P e r c e n t Zrrconlum
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
00
100
(ePu,PZr)
(S'Pu)
(6pu)
(YPU)
(Ppu)
(ah)
8 (or Pu4Zr)
K (or PuZr3)
(azr)
Pu
Welght Percent Zlrconlum
Zr
Space
erou~
Im3m
I4lmmm
Fm3m
Fddd
C2/m
P21h
P4Incc
P6lmmm
P6dmmm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*351
Rb-Sb
F.W. Dorn and W. Klernrn, 1961
A t o r n l c Percent Antimony
800
10
0
20
40
30
50
80
70
80
..i-i
I
,
,
I +
T
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Rb)
Rb3Sb
PRb5Sb2
aRb5Sb2
Rb5Sb4
RbSb
RbSb2
PRb3Sb7
aRb3Sb7
(Sb)
Rb
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Antlmony
Sb
Rb-Se
H. Okamoto, 1990
Alonilr t ' r r c c n t S ~ . l e n ~ u r r ~
11
..
10
..J
20
A,
......:I0
J., .
.
40
50
60
. 1 .r7.
711
--I
. . . .80. , . . . . .10I , . . . . .
J.,.
(Rb)
Rb2Se
R~IIS~S
RbSe
Rb2Se3
RbSe,
Rb2Se5
(Se)
Composition,
w t % Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
3 1.6 to -38
40.2
48.0
58
64.9
69.8
100
c12
cF12
ImXm
Fm3m
...
...
...
oC20
...
C m ~ 2 ~
...
oP28
h~ 3
~2;2,2~
~3121
100
Wclght P e r c e n t S r . l c n ~ u r n
Sr
R. Thiirnrnel and W. Klernrn, 1970
A t o r n ~ c P e r c e n t Thallium
. . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . 10. .
LO
30
40
50
7?.
r
4:
9?
!./o
Phme
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
2*352/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Re-Ru
E. Rudy, B. Kietter, and H. Froelich, 1962
Atomic Percent R u t h e n i u m
3400
Composition,
wt% R U
Phase
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
-m
e m 0
10
2
0
Re
3
0
4
0
m
~
o
7
0
e
~
m
1
Weight P e r c e n t R u t h e n i u m
Re-Si
A.B. Cokhale and G.J. Abbaschian, unpublished
Atomic P e r c e n t Silicon
0
2030 40 50
80
70
80
Composition,
wt% Si
90
3300
Phase
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Re)
RepSi
ReSi
(Si)
(a) Monoclinic
Re-Te
T.Kh. Kurbanov, R.A. Dovlyatshina, I.A. Dzhavodova, and
F.A. Akhrnenov, 1977
A l o r n ~ c Percent Tellurlurn
I0
20
30
40
?"S
,7?
'
,a,n
A?,
Phase
Re
Weight P e r c e n t Tellurium
Te
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
*.
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2-353
H. Okarnoto, 1990
Composition,
Phase
wt% U
(Re)
Re2U
Re2U
ReU2
0
39.0
39.0
71.9
93 to 100
98.1 to 1 0 0
-100
(W
(PU)
(aU)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
hP12
oC24
...
cI2
P63lmmc
P63/mmc
Cmcm
...
tmlim
P421mnm
Cmcm
rP30
oC4
J.F. Smith, 1989
Atomlc P e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u m
0 10 20 30
40
50
80
80
90
100
Welght P e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u m
V
70
7------,,
Re
Composition,
~ t v%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
H. Okamoto, 1990
Rh-Se
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
FmSm
P631rnrnc
Pbcn
Pnmn
Pa3
Rli
P3121
W e ~ g h tPercent Selenlurn
---....
--..
-
.""
SP
2*354/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Rh-Ta
B.C. Giessen, H. Ibach, and N.J.Grant, 1964
0
3200
10
-... ....J...l..
ALomlc Percent Tantalum
20
30
10
50
. ..-., L
7
-I...
T.
-
80
70
I
80
90
+
Phase
(Rh)
Rh3Ta
RhzTa
a3
a1
o
(Ta)
Rh
Welght Percent Tantalum
Composition,
wt% ~s
Pearson
symbol
0 to 27.2
33 to 44
45 to 48
54 to 65
5 1 to 60.4
7 3 to 87.9
90 to 100
cF4
cP4
oP12
F
~
...
...
Pmcm?
P42/mnm
Im3m
rP30
cl2
S
PmFm
Pnma
...
Ta
Rh-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
Atomic Percent Rhodlum
Phase
2200
@Ti)
(aTi)
Ti2Rh
PTiRh
aTiRh
Ti3RhS
TiRh3
TiRhS
(Rh)
10
0
30
20
Ti
40
50
GO
70
Composition,
wt% Rh
Pearron
symbol
Space
group
0 to 47
0 to 0.161
51.8
-57 to 75
-57 to 7 5
78.2
85 to 88
-91.7
93 to 100
c12
hP2
r16
cP2
tP2
oPl6
cP4
ImSm
P63Immc
I4/rnmm
PmSm
PmSm
Pb~m
Pm3m
Composition,
w t ~ b~h
Pearson
symbol
...
...
cF4
FmFm
80
Weight Percent Rhodium
Rh-U
From [Ivanov]
Atomlc Percent Rhodlum
2000
Space
group
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
phase
Space
group
Cmcm
PZn2
lm3m
...
...
...
...
Pmm
Fm3m
~
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.355
J.F. Smith, 1989
Atomlc P e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u m
0
2100
10
20
30
50
40
60
70
80
I
90
Phase
(Rh)
Rh3V
Rh5V3
RhVtetr
RhVortho
RhV,
(V)
Composition,
wt% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -10.7
-12.1 to -21.0
-23 to 24.3
25.2 to 3 1
32 to 35.2
44 to -62.4
-69 to 100
cF4
cP4
oCl6
tP4
oC8
cP8
c12
Fmjm
~m3m
Cm2m or Cmcm
P4lmmm
Cmmm
Pm3n
Im3m
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u m
Ru-Si
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
P63lmmc
Pnma
Pbam
Pnma
~m7m
P213
P4c2
Pbcn
Fd3m
1414.C
..I
0
10
30
20
Ru
....- -. .-..
.
r
.,,....80,.., ......90,.
.,,---..
.---.
.-7
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n i S ~ l ~ c o r l
100
SI
H. Okamoto, 1991
Atomic P e r c e n t T a n t a l u m
20
-
~
-
30
~
.
-
40
,
.
~
.
50
.
60
T
70
C
-
80
-
-
90 I
C .
r
-
Phase
(Ru)
)20T
Y
RuTa
RuTa'
RuTa"
(Ta)
00
Ru
Welght P e r c e n t T a n t a l u m
Ta
Composition,
wt% Ta
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -41
-52.3
-52.3 to ?
-58 to 73
-62 to 67
65 to 100
hP2
c**
cP2
tP2
oc4
cI2
P63lmmc
...
Pmm
P4lmmm
Cmmm
ImSm
20356/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ru-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
-
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t R u t h e n l u m
g.---&.-
20
30
10
50
A .-7-
60
70
80
90
-ti-
phase
@Ti)
(aTi)
T i u
(Ru)
Metastable phases
(a'Ti)
(a"'Ti)
61
Composition,
wt% RU
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -40
0 to >0.2
-63 to -70
-93 to 100
d2
hP2
cP2
hP2
1m3m
P63lmmc
Pm3m
P631mmc
...
...
...
hP2
oC4
P6dmmc
Cmcm
P6lmmm
hP3
70
Welght P e r c e n t Ruthenlurn
Ru
P. Chiotti, V.V. Akhachinskij, I. Ansara, and M.H. Rand, 1982
Phlse
(YU)
(m)
(aU)
UzRu
URu
U3Ru4
U3Ru5
URu3
(Ru)
Composition,
wt% Rn
Pearson
symbol
Space
COUP
0 to 2.0
0 to 0.86
-0
17.5
27.5
36
41.4
56
98 to 100
cI2
tP30
oC4
mP12
I m L
P42lrnnm
cmcm
E l m or P21/m
...
...
...
...
cP4
hP2
Pm3m
P6dmmc
...
J.F. Smith, 1989
Atomic P e r c e n t Vanadium
10
20
30
40
50
80
Phw
Composition,
at% v
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Ru)
RuV
RuV
(v)
0 to -18
33.5
-29 to 60
60 to 100
hP2
t**
cP2
cI2
P63/mmc
70
...
Pm2m
Im3m
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams120357
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
S-Se
Atorrnc P e r c e n t Selenlurn
250r
30
20
--'-++
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
Phase
221.C
(PS)
(as)
Y
L
(Se)
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 50.1
mP*
oF128
P211c
Fddd
o to 25.1
7 0 to 92.3
94.3 to 100
(a)
...
hP3
P3121
66.4
(b)
P 3 , orP32
High-pressure phase
So sssSe0.44~
(a) Monoclinic. (b) Trigonal
,*.
,/
Y
0
I,
71.1;
a s
----!O 0
10
/
20
------"
--7
1
-
!
!
90
I
i
;\
30
10
60
50
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Selenlurn
S
; ;
j j
-,5.C
60
100
Se
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, 1986
S-Sn
Composition,
Atomlc P e r c e n t S u l f u r
80
-..-
90
100
Phlse
(bsn)
PSnS
aSnS
6Sn2S3
enlS3
PSnzs3
aSn,S3
SnS2
wt% S
0
21.3
21.3
29
29
29
29
35.1
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
t14
cC8
OPE
141/amd
Cmcm
Pnma
...
...
...
...
...
...
oP20
hP*
hP3
Pnma
P6_3mc
P3ml
Metastable phases
SnS (thm film)
Sn4S5
Sn&
Sn
W e ~ g h tPercent Sulfur
S-Sn phase diagram between 1 8 and 35 wt%
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t S u l f u r
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S u l f u r
S
21.3
25.3
26.4
cF8
...
t**
~msm
...
...
2*358/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
S-Te
D.T. Li, R.C. Sharma, and Y.A. Chang, 1989
Atornlc P e r c e n t S u l f u r
100
500
Phw
(Te)
T~~SIO(~)
(ps)
(as)
Composition,
wt% S
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 40.3
hP3
P3121
...
(b)
...
98.0 to 100
-98.23 to l o o
mP*
oF128
P21/c
Fddd
(a) High-pressure phase. (b) Pseudo-orthorhombic
100
Te
Weight P e r c e n t S u l f u r
S
1.1. Murray, 1987
A t o m l c Percent S u l f u r
Composition,
m
phase
ISM
@Ti)
(aTi)
TiS
Ti$
Ti2S
Ti I +3
TiS
Ti&
Ti~S~o
Ti~6Sz~
Ti2.67S4
(4H)z
(443
Ti7S12
TiSz
TiS3
(s)
la00
17M
IBM
2
5
a
E
Ira,
1x0
Ism
1103
,m
800
700
em
w t a ~s
0 to 0.007
0 to 0.013
-10
18
23 to 27
36 to 39.8
-39.8
-42.6
-45.6
-45.6
47.9 to 51.6
49.9 to 50.4
...
-53.1
54.8 to 57.3
-67
100
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
d2
Im3m
P6glmmc
hP2
(a)
t*24
(b)
hP2
hP4
hR18
hP18
hR37.1
hPh.8
mC40.14
mC59.8
hRlY.1
hP3
mP8
oF128
...
...
...
P6m2
P63/mmc
R3m
P6glmmc
R3m
P6gmc
Cc
(2
R3rn
P3m
P21Im
Fddd
(a) Hexagonal. (b) Unknown low symmetry
m
0
Ti
10
20
30
10
JO
80
70
Weight P e r c e n t S u l f u r
80
90
IW
S
Sb-Se
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc P e r c e n t Selenlum
700
Phase
(Sb)
Sb2Se3
(Se)
Composition,
wt% Se
o
49
100
Pearson
symbol
h ~ 2
oP20
h ~ 3
Space
group
RL
Pnma
~ 3 ~ 2 1
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*359
Sb-Si
R.W. Olesinski and C.J.Abbaschian, 1985
Atornlc
0
10
20
SI
30
P e r c ~ n tA n t l r n o n y
10
Welght
60
50
Percent
70
80
90
Phlse
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Si)
(Sb)
0 to 0.09
100
cF8
hR2
F@m
R3m
Composition,
wl% Sm
Pearson
symbol
100
Sb
Antimony
Sb-Sm
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atolnlc
Percent Snmarlum
Sb-Sn
Space
group
B. Predel and W. Schwermann, 1971
0
10
A t o m ~ rP e r c e n t A n t ~ i n o n y
30
40
50
60
70
........$------~------,Lc..
20
80
90
100
.c+-
Phase
(Psn)
Sn,Sbz
700
83075~~
P
(Sb)
GOO
231.8881.C
43.8
242T
j
s
j
100
0
Sn
10
........20p
-,-...
*-...
30
40
50
Wclght
Perrent
60
70
Antlmony
80
.... 90
100
Sb
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 9.6
43.6
43.6 to 65.8
87.7 to 100
114
...
1411amd
cF8
hR2
Fmm
R3m
...
20360/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
A.V. Vakhobov, Z.V. Niyazova, and B.N. Polev, 1975
0
10
30
20
Atomlc Percent S t r o n t ~ u m
10
50
60
70
80
90
phase
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Sb)
Sb3Sr
SbSr
SbzSr3
SbSr,
(PSr)
(asr)
0 to 1
19
41.8
52
59
94.9 to 100
100
hR2
R3m
tIlZ
cI2
cF4
I41m-mm
Im3m
Fmm
100
mooc
...
...
...
...
...
847'~
50
60
70
80
90
We~ght Percent S t r o n t ~ u m
Sb
LOO
Sr
Sb-Tb
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomlc Percent 'Perb~um
Composition,
w1% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
UP
R3m
Cmca
...
2000
Fmm
1z3d
U
a,
1500
9
4
d
m
4
w
2
1000
C
830.755.C
500
0
0
Sb
10
20
30
10
50
60
Welght Percent T e r b ~ u n
Sb-Te
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Tellurium
700
Phase
49.6?%!
1
50
60
70
Percent Tellurium
80
90
100
Te
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Sb-TI
A
Binary Alloy Phase Diagramsl2.361
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
Aiornir I'rr-crnt A n t i n r o c ~ y
10
20
70
-,--.40
A.,
50
. . . . . . . J . , . . ......A..... ..,-....
. ...,....
, , , , J..,
...
630 7ss.c
600
500
Y
L
TI,Sb2
TlSb
(Sb)
1
0
",
@TI)
(aTU
i1
wt% Sb
Composition,
Pearson
symbol
group
Space
0 to 15.6
0 to 2
4.0 to 6.0
14.7 to 16.9
37.3
100
c12
hP2
cF*
c154
1m3m
P631mmc
...
1mTm
...
R3m
Phase
...
hR2
TlSb
,181aC 185T
187'C
, ,8
0
I!
P. Chiotti, 1980
Atomlc Percent Uranium
Phme
2000
Composition,
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
R?m
P41nmm
143_d
Fm3m
P63Imcm
Im3m
P42/mnm
Cmcm
(a) Evidence for ferromagnetic ordering of SblUq has been presented
Weight P e r c e n t U r a n ~ u m
Sb
F.A. Schmidt and O.D. McMasters, 1970
Atonilc P e r c e n t A n t ~ r n o n y
20
30
-.-,.+
....I
10
+.I_J_
d
Y
40
L 7 - - A
50
,
60
1
,
Welght P e r c e n t A n t ~ m o n y
70
4
80
90
100
+TL-_-f
Phase
Sb
Composition,
wt% Sb
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
20362/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Sb-Zn
G. Vuillard and J.P. Piton, 1966; and T. Takei, 1927
Phase
(Sb)
P
Y
E
6
5
11
(zn)
Composition,
w t l Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
R3m
Pbca
0
-34.9 to -38
39 to 41
42 to 43
42 to -43.1
45 to 46
45 to -46
...
...
...
...
Pmmn
P631mmc
100
(a) Sb3Zn4(6,€?): hR22 or oPZ8 or mC*?
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Z l n c
Sb
Sc-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
1700
0
10
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t
30
40
50
20
Scandlum
60
70
80
90
100
1800
1500
phase
Composition,
W ~ W
sc
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(PTi,PSc)
(aTi)
(aSc)
0 to 100
0 to 7 . 4
88.2 to 100
d2
hP2
hP2
1m3m
P63lmmc
P6slmmc
1100
1300
1200
1100
1000
900
BOO
700
0
10
20
TI
30
40
Welght
50
Percent
80
70
80
90
100
S c a n d ~ u m
Sc
Sc-Y
K.A. Cschneidner, Jr. and F.W. Calderwood, 1983
0
1800
L
O
Atomic
20
4
Percent
30
,
Yttrlum
10
50
80
70
80
90
1
phase
I
I
-
1s220C
1478%
Weight
Percent
Yttrium
Y
(PSc,PY)
(aSc,aY)
Composition,
~ 1 Y
%
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 100
cI2
hP2
ImL
P6slmmc
Sc-Zr
A i o r r i l c 1'c.r~c,nt % ~ r r o n l u m
LU0il
0
10
I..
.---A
30
LO
,-
.
,...,.777
-11
,....
----.l855.C
I
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1991
i..-+.r..7~..,11,
r.A-
..........__--__---__--___----- __--
L
1800
I
4
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*363
Phase
(psc,pzr)
(aSc,aZr)
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 100
c12
hP2
Im3m
P63lmmc
Se-Sn
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, 1986
Atornlc P e r c e n t S e l e n ~ u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Sn)
SnSe
SnSez
(Se)
0
39.9
57.1
100
t14
oP8
hP3
hP3
I4,lamd
Pnma
P3m l
P3121
21°c
0
10
20
30
Sn
10
50
60
70
80
90
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S e l e n l u m
100
Se
Se-Sr
Yu.B. Lyskova and A.V. Vakhobov, 1975
0
20
Atornlc P e r c e n t S t r o n t ~ u m
30
40
50
00
70
80
~hrse
Composition,
wt% ST
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Se)
Se3Sr
Se&
Se3Sr2
SeSr
@Sr)
(aSr)
0
27
35.7
43
52.6
100
100
hP3
P3121
...
...
...
...
cF8
c12
cF4
...
90
irc
...
Fm3m
Im3m
Fmm
20364/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Se-Te
R.C. Sharma, D.T. Li, and Y.A. Chang, unpublished
A t o m ~ cPercent Tellurlurn
20
30
40
50
60
Composition,
wt% Te
'
P
Phase
70
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
Weight Percent Tellurium
C. Morgant, B. Legendre, S. Mareglier-Lacordaire, and
C. Souleau, 1981
Atomlc Percent Selenlum
500
0 10 20
30
40
50
60
70
60
90
100
0
Phase
We~ght Percent Selenlum
Composition,
wt% Se
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Se
Se-Tm
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
,,.,
We)
SezTm
Se3Tmz
ySeTm
PSeTm
aSeTm
(Tm)
Composition,
wt% Tm
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
o
hP3
tP6
~3121
P4Inmm
oF8O
cF8
Fm3m
51.6
59
64 to 69
65 to 69
65 to 69
100
Fgd
...
...
...
hP2
P63lmmc
Note: "SeTm" is Se6Tm5 on the Se-rich side and SeTml,05on the Tm-rich side.
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*365
G.V. Ellert, V.G. Sevast'yanov, and V.K. Slovyanskikh, 1975
Composition,
wt% Se
Phw
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1mjm
P42/mnm
Cmcm
Fmm
...
1S3d
Prima
Pnmo
P631m
Pnmo
P21lm
P3121
2
10
0
30
40
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t S e l e n ~ u r n
20
U
RO
40
$,Ill
%?
Si-Sn
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1984
A t o m ~ cPercent Tin
Composition,
wt% Sn
Phme
10
30
20
n
40
M,
80
70
m
Weight P e r c e n t Tin
L
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
IW
Sn
Si-Sr
V.P. ltkin and C.B. Alcock, 1989
--
Atomlc P e r r r n t S t r o n t l u m
10
30
20
50
40
60
Composition,
wt% ST
RO 90 100
70
...vl-.-drk-.
.-A..-,.I.
-
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
Fdm
P4332
Cmcm
Pnmo
Imjm
Fmm
(Si)
SizSr
SiSr
SiSr2
(PW
(aW
Other possible phases
I4llamd
Immm
14cm
Si7Sr4
aSiSr
Si3Sr5
High-pressure, metastable phase
SizSr(II)
( a ) Possible
200&-,.*
0
S1
10
--.,.---.-20
30
40
50
J.
-.,.d
-.....\ !
GO
70
Weight P r r c e n t Strontium
80
90
100
60.9
speculative homogeneity range
14llamd
2@366/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
M.E. Schlesinger, unpublished
Phase
(Ta)
Ta3Si
Ta2Si
PTa5Si3
aTa5Si3
TaSi2
Si
Composition,
wi% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Oto-1
5
7.2
8.5
8.5
23.7
100
cI2
tP32
t112
?I32
tI32
cF8
Im3m
p42/n
14/m
I4lmcm
I4lmcm
P6~22
Fd3m
hP8
hP16
P63lmmc
P6slmcm
hP9
Metastable phases
Ta&i
TasSis
3.5
8.5
Si-Te
T.C. Davey and E.H. Baker, 1980
Atomic Percent T e l l u r i u m
Phase
(si)
Si2Te3
(Te)
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
87
100
cF8
hP40
hP3
F<Tm
P31c
P3121
0
SI
Weight P e r c e n t T e l l u r i u m
Si-Th
From [Thorium]
Atomic Pcrcent S ~ l l c o n
Composition,
Phw
(PTh)
(aTh)
Th3Si2
ThSi
Th3Si5
ThSiz
(SO
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S ~ l i r o n
SI
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
8
10.8
16.8
-18 to 19.5
100
c12
cF4
tPl0
of8
hP3
?I12
cF8
Im3m
FmTm
P4fmbm
Pnma
P6lmmm
14llamd
Fdsm
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2@367
Si-Ti
Atornlc Percent Slllcon
0
99nn 1
10
2?
30
40
50
60
70
no
80
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Si
Pearson
symbol
(aTi)
Ti3Si
Ti5Si3
Ti&
Ti6Si5(a)
TiSi
Space
wow
...
Pmm2
Pnma
Fddd
Fdsm
TiSil
(Si)
(a) Not shown in diagram. (b) Tetragona1,related to a (Dan)
Weight Percent S l l ~ c o n
SI
Si-U
H. Okamoto, 1990
A t o r n l c Percent Uranlum
20
2000
30
40
50
so
so100
Phase
(Si)
Si3U
Si2U
S ~nsu
I
SisU3
SiU
Si2U3
SiU3
(YU)
(pu)
(au)
90
Weight Percent U r a n ~ u r n
Composition,
wt% U
Pearson
svmhol
Space
0
74
80.9
81.8
83.6
89.4
93
96
100
100
loo
cF8
cP4
hP3
t112
hP3
oP8
tP19
cP4
el2
tP30
0c4
Fdxm
Pm3m
P61mmm
1411amd
P61mmm
Pnma
P4lcbm
Pm3m
1m3m
P42/mnm
cmcm
100
U
J.F. Smith, 1989
A t o m i c Percent S i l i c o n
Composition,
wt% Si
(a) Carbon-stabilized
20
30
40
50
BO
Weight Percent S i l i c o n
70
BO
90
IM
SI
Pearson
symbol
Space
eroun
20368/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
-
Si-Zn
R.W. Olesinski and G.J. Abbaschian, 1985
Atomlc Percent Z ~ n c
lml
0
10
0
10
20
20
30
10
30
50
40
60
50
70
BO
70
80
80
80
W e ~ g h tPercent Zlnc
SI
901W
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Si)
(Zn)
o
100
cF8
hP2
~d?m
P6dmmc
Phase
Composition,
w t % Zr
Pearson
symbol
IW
Zn
Si-Zr
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atornlc Percent Zlrconlurn
0
20
10
30
40
50
60
70
80 00 100
2400
0
10
SI
20
30
40
50
60
70
We~ght Percent Z ~ r c o n i u m
80
00
61.9
76.5
76.5
80.3
80.3
83
84.4
86.7
-91
($Zr)
(azr)
100
loo
CFX
oC12
oCX
oP8
...
tP36
tPl0
hP16
t112
tP32
tI32
c12
h ~ 2
~d3m
Cmcm
Cmcm
Pnm
...
P41212
P4lmbm
Wjlmcm
I4lmcm
P42/n
I?
Im3m
~6,lmmc
100
Zr
G. Borzone, A. Borsese, and R. Ferro, 1982
Sm-Sn
Atorn~cPercent Tln
Phase
1800
(YSm)
( b W
(aSm)
Sm5Sn3
Sm4Sn3
Sm5Sn4
S~IIS~IO
SmzSn3
SmSn2
SmSn,
($Sn)
(asn)
Sm
o
(Si)
SizZr
PSiZr
aSiZr
PSr4Zr5
aSr4Zr5
Si2Zr3
Si3Zr5
SiZr2
SiZr,
Space
group
Weight Percent Tin
Sn
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 0.4
c12
hP2
hR3
hP16
cI2 8
oP36
tI84
t**
1m3m
P6jImmc
R3m
P6jImcm
Iz3d
Pnm
I4lmmm
cP4
t14
PmSm
1411amd
~dSm
0
0
32.1
37
38.8
-42
54
61.3
70
100
100
...
CFX
...
...
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrarns/2.369
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
svmbol
(PSm)
(aSm)
(ySm)
Sm2TI
Sm5T13
SmTl(a)
0 to -3.4
o to ?
to -16
-40 to -41
-44 to -45
-52 to -59
hP2
hR2
P6slmmc
C I ~
SmTl(b)
Sm3T15
SmT13
(PTU
(aTU
-52 to -59
-69 to -70
80
100
100
1m3m
P6+1mc
14lmcm
pm?m
Im3m
P4/mmm
Cmcm
Pm3m
Im3m
P6jlmmc
o
hP6
1132
tP2
(or cl2)
tP2
oC32
cP4
el2
hP2
Space
erou~
R%Z
(a)Cubic stucture presumed to be room- and high-temperature phases. (b) Tetragonal structure presumed
to be low-temperature phase.
Sm-Zn
From [Moffattl
A t o m i c Percent Z m c
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Im3m
P631mmc
R3m
Pm3m
lmma
lmma
Pnma
Immm
P63mc
I4 lamd
...
14lmmm
P6slmmc
Sn-Sr
Atomlc Percent S t r o n t ~ u r n
10
20
+
~30
40
50
7,7.y
-
----- -.-., +....
60
L
70
!
.
-
80
90
.
P.R. Subrarnanian, 1990
100
{
55Y
Composition,
wt% Sr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1411amd
Fdh
;1P
...
...
...
Cmcm
I4lmcm
...
Pnma
lm3m
Fmsm
'60
r
Sn
W e ~ g h ti'crcent Strontlrirn
9r
2*370/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Sn-Te
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, 1986
Atomic Percent Tellurium
o
10
20
30
40
50
60
PO
80
70
loo
Phsse
(Sn)
SnTe
SnTe(HP)
(Te)
l50l
0
20
30
51
40
80
70
80
Pearson
symbol
-0
t14
cF8
oP8
51.8
51.8
100
hP3
Space
group
I4 l ~ m d
Fm3m
Pnma
P3121
F
-1
10
90
100
Weight P e r c e ~ Tellurium
Sn
Composition,
wt% Te
Te
Sn-Ti
J.L. Murray, 1987
Atomic Percent Tin
0
10
20
Ti
30
40
50
60
ill1
iil
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(PTi)
(aTi)
Ti&
TiaSn
TisSns
PTi6Sn,
o to 34
0 to >16.7
43 to 45
54.6 to 58.1
59.8
67.4
~12
hP2
hP8
hP6
hP16
hP22
aTi6Sn,
(Sn)
67.4
99.99 to 100
0144
114
1m3m
P631mmc
P63Immc
P63lrnmc
P63lmcm
P6glmmc
P31c
Immm
I41lamd
'20
Weight Percent Tin
Sn
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic Percent Thallium
10
20
30
40
50
GO
70
80
PO
100
Phase
(psn)
(asn)
SnTl
L
Y
(PTl)
LOO
0
Sn
Weight Percent Thallium
TI
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
114
I41lamd
0
63.3
68 to 94
92 to 100
98 to 100
cF8
tP2
cF4
cI2
hP2
Fd3m
P4/m-mm
Fm3m
Im3m
P6dmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*371
R.I. Sheldon, E.M. Foltyn, and D.E. Peterson, 1987
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t U r a n i u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
100
Phase
Composition,
wt% U
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1411amd
Fd?m
Pm?m
Cmcm
(a) No tendency to d~sorderwas observed.
Sn
Welght P e r c e n t U r a n l u m
U
Sn-Y
H. Okamoto, 1990
Atomic P e r c e n t Yttrium
Phase
Composition,
wt% Y
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
14 llamd
Fdm
Pmm
Cmcm
14lmmm
Pnma
P63/~cm
Im3m
P6dmmc
Sn
Weight P e r c e n t Y t t r i u m
Y
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1991
Sn-Yb
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~b
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
1411amd
Fd?m
~mSm
P4/mmm
Pnma
I4lmcm
P63/mcm
P6jl~mc
Im3m
FmSm
P63lmmc
2e3721Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Sn-Zn
Z. Moser,
A t o m i c Percent Tin
0
10
20
30
40
80
XI
70
70
80
100
4XI
Phase
(Zn)
(Wn)
o
m
10
30
Zn
40
so
eu
Weight Percent T i n
ao
eu
70
J.Dutkiewicz, W.
Composition,
wt% Sn
0
-100
Casior, and j. Salawa, 1985
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
hP2
t14
P631mmc
I41lamd
Irn
Sn
J.P. Abriata, J.C. Bolcich, and D. Arias, 1983
Sn-Zr
Atornlc Percent 'Tin
0
10
20
30
40
50
70
...601. ..... -L
.
,
80
90
Phase
Composition,
wt% Sn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
ImSm
P6jl~rnc
Pm3n
P631mcm
Fddd
1411pd
Fd3m
We~ght Percent Tln
Yu.B. Lyskova and A.V. Vakhobov, 1975
Sr-Te
A t o m ~ c Percent Tellurlurn
Phase
(PSI)
(asr)
SrTe
Sr2Te3
SrTel
(Td
m
0
Sr
10
20
30
40
50
60
m
m
70
We~ght Percent Tellurium
80
90
100
Te
Composition,
wt% Te
Penrson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
c12
cF4
6'8
...
Im5m
~ m $
Fm3m
59.3
69
74.5
100
...
...
...
hP3
P3121
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.373
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phw
(PSr)
Sr3TI
Sr5T13
SrTl
Sr2T13
SrTlz
SrTI,
(PTU
(aTI)
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
44
c12
cF4
lm?m
~ m
...
...
58.3
t132
cP2
Mlmcm
~mTm
70.0
78
82.4
88
? t o 100
98.0 to 100
m
...
...
hP6
P6glmmc
...
...
c12
hP2
1m3m
P6slmmc
r.n.
xmramanlan,
I YYU
Atomic P e r c e n t Zinc
Phase
m
Sr
Ta-Th
Welght Percent Z l n c
-
!
(
(as0
SrZn
SrZn,
SrZn5(HT)
SrZn5(LT)
SrZn,,
(Zn)
Composition,
wt% Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
42.7
59.9
78.8
78.8
-90.7
100
c12
cF4
0P8
0112
hP6
0P24
cF112
hP2
1m3m
Fmm
Pnmo
Imma
P6lmmm
Pn?
Fm3c
P63lmmc
7n
R. Krishnan, S.P. Carg, and N. Krishnamurthy, 1989
Composition,
wt% Th
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Oto<l
99.85 to 100
>99.9 to 100
c12
c12
cF4
ImTm
ImSm
Fmsm
2*374/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
J.L. Murray, 1987
Ta-Ti
ALomlc
0
3200-j
10
,
Percent Tantalum
20
-',
30
40
50
60
70 80 90100
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ta
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 12.4
cI2
hP2
Im3m
P63/mmc
...
...
...
0C4
hP 3
(PTiTa)
(aTi)
Metastable phases
(a')
(a")
0
W e ~ g h t Percent Tantalum
h~2
P6dm
cmcm P6/mmm or P3ml
Ta
R. Krishnan, S.P. Garg, and N. Krishnamurthy, 1988
A t o m ~ cPercent Tantalum
0
10
3
20
30
40
50
5
GO
70
GO
0
0
90
100
0
Composition,
wt% TS
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -2
0
c12
tP30
0c4
c12
lm3m
P421mnm
cmcm
1mTm
(YU)
(Pu)
(aU)
(Ta)
0
II
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight Percent 'ldntdlum
80
90
o
? t o 100
100
Ta
J.F. Smith and O.N. Carlson, 1989
Atomic Percent Tantalum
32W
Phme
Composition,
wt% Ta
Pearson
symbol
(V,Ta)
VzTa(a)
0 to 100
-64 to -67
CI?
cF24
(a) A high-temperature polymorph
with W 12 and P6jlrnrnc.
V
Weight Percent Tantalum
Ta
Space
group
1mTm
~dTm
V2Ta has been reported to be a hexagonal MgZn2-type structure,
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.375
Ta-W
R. Krishnan, S.P. Garg, and N. Krishnamurthy, 1985
Atornlc Percent Tungsten
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
YO
100
7'
1
Phase
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
3422'~
3300 -
i
d
m
3200-
2900
0
Ta
10
20
40
50
60
70
We~ght Percent Tungsten
30
80
YO
100
W
Ta-Zr
R. Krishnan, S.P. Garg, S. Banerjee, and N. Krishnamurthy,
1989
Phase
Composition,
wt% Ta
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
S. Deifino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro,
unpublished
Phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
svmbol
(a) High-temperaturephase (>250 K). (b) Low-temperature phase
20376/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
H. Okamoto, 1991
Atomic Percent T h a l l ~ u m
30
20
10
Pbme
Composition,
~ 1 %TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(Te)
Te3T12
TeTl
Te3T15
TeTlz
(PW
(aT1)
From [Moffattl
Te-U
A t o r n ~ cPercent Tellurium
Pbme
2000
Composition,
at% Te
Pearson
svmbol
Space
WOUD
1m3m
P42mnm
Cmcm
Fm3m
1z3d
P6glmcm
Pnma
Immm
P4Inmm
...
...
...
P3121
Weight Percent Tellurium
U
Te
H. Okamoto, 1990
Te-Yb
Atomic Percent Y t t e r b ~ u m
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000
Te
Welght Percent Ytterbium
Yb
Phme
Composition,
wi% Yb
(Te)
TeYb
Wb)
(WJ)
(ayb)
57.6
100
100
100
o
Pearson
symbol
Space
COUP
hP3
cF8
cI2
cF4
hP2
p3 1
Fm2m
Im3m
Fm3m
P63lmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*377
Te-Zn
R.C. Sharma and Y.A. Chang, 1987
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t T e l l u r i u m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Te
Pearson
symbol
Phase
Composition,
wt% T h
Pearson
symbol
Th-Ti
Space
group
J.L. Murray, 1987
Atomtc P e r c e n t T h o r ~ u m
o
Space
group
@Ti)
(aTi)
(PTh)
(aTh)
0
100
~12
hP2
c12
lmSm
P631mmc
1m3m
~m3m
1 no
rF4
phase
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to ?
c12
cF4
t112
hP16
oP24
oC32
cP4
c12
hP2
1m3m
~m3m
14lmcm
P63/mcm
Pbcm
H. Okamoto, 1990
(PTh)
(aTh)
ThzTl
ThTl
Th,T15
ThTI,
(P'W
(aTU
'ercrnt T h n l l ~ r i m
o to ?
30.5
34.6
46.8
59.5
73
100
100
Gem
Pmjm
lm3m
P63lmmc
2*378/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
P. Chiotti and K.J. Gill,
Th-Zn
A t o m ~ cP e r c e n t Zlnc
10 20 1 0
J-c,.i47..+.-4
10
50
60
70
-....,--
00
90
I
d-Phase
-
Atomlc P e r c e n t T h o r ~ u m
0
20
10
30
8
-
7
+0
50
Pearson
symbol
1961
Space
group
E.D. Gibson, B.A. Loomis, and O.N. Carlson, 1958;
R.H. Johnsonand R.W.K. Honeycombe, 1961
Th-Zr
2000
Composition,
wt% Zn
60
..... i 1O....,Ri0
90 1
i
Phase
Composition,
wt% ~h
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(PZr.PTh)
(azr)
(aTh)
0 to 100
0
93.6 to 100
c/2
hP2
cF4
1m3m
P6glmmc
Fmm
Composition,
Pearson
Space
wt% U
symbol
group
~
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t T h o r i u m
Ti-U
J.L. Murray, 1987
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t U r a n l u r n
0
5
10
20
soo of^----.,........',
30
1 ,
40
50
60 70
80
-t
100
phase
'-T-~-+l.
(a) Metastable. (b) Monoclinic
ROO
600
400
TI
Welght P e r c e n t U r a n ~ u r n
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*379
J.L. Murray, 1989
Ti-V
Atomic P e r c e n t V a n a d l u m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60
90
1
L
-J.+-
Phase
(PTi,V)
(aTi)
Composition,
wt% V
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to -3
el2
hP2
lm?m
P63/mmc
0 to 5
5 to 16
12 to -51.5
hP2
0c4
hP 3
Metastable phases
a'
a"
o
TI
Welght P e r c e n t V a n a d ~ u m
P6s/m
Cmcm
P6/mmm or ~ 3 m l
V
J.L. Murray, 1987
Phase
(PTi,W
(aTi)
a'(d
a"(a)
o(a)
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
o to 100
c12
hP2
hP2
0c4
hP3
Im3m
P631mmr
P63Immc
Cmcm
P6/mmm
0 to 0.8
0 to 7
7 to 18.3
20 to 30
(a) Metastable
TI
Welght P e r c e n t T u n g s t e n
W
J.L. Murray, 1987
Ti-Y
Atomlc P e r c e n t Y t t r l u m
800
700
TI
10
20
30
40
50
60
Welght P e r c e n t Y t t r i u m
70
1
.--.
7
-
0
80
90
Ul0
I
Phase
Composition,
wt% Y
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
@Ti)
(aTi)
(BY)
(aY)
0 to -3.7
0 to -0.02
-99.5 to 100
-99.5 to loo
c12
hP2
c12
hP2
lm5m
P631mmc
lm5m
P6slmmc
2*380/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ti-Zr
J.L. Murray, 1987
Atornlc Percent Zircon~urn
2000
Phase
(PTi.PZr)
(aTi,aZr)
Metastable phases
a'
o
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 100
0 to 100
1.12
hP2
1m3m
P631mmc
...
...
hP2
hP3
P6dmrnc
P6lmmm or PTml
(aTi,aZr)
100
TI
Weight Percent Zlrconlum
Zr
TI-Y b
S. Delfino, A. Saccone, A. Palenzona, and R. Ferro, unpublished
A t o m ~ cPercent Thalllum
0
_
J,c+
k_
-.+
.,.-t
10
20
30
60
50
60
1200
70
80
80
i,
Phase
(Wb)
( P I
Y~,TI,
Yb2TI
YbTl
YbTl,
(PTO
(aT1)
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to -7
0 to -16
30.69
37.13
-50 to -58
cF‘2
cI2
aP22
of12
cP2
(or d 2 )
cP4
c12
W2
FmSm
Im3m
pi
-75 to -80
100
100
Pnp
Pm3m
Im5m
Pm3m
Im3m
P63lmmc
A.V. Vegesack, 1907; and W. Seith, H. Johnson, and J.Wagner,
TI-Zn
19.52
Atomlc Percent T h a l l i u m
Phw
(Zn)
(PTU
(aTU
Zn
Weight Percent T h a l l i u m
Composition,
wt% TI
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
100
100
hP2
cI2
hP2
P6gly1c
Im3m
P6slmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2.381
H.Okamoto, 1992
U-Zr
Composition,
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Z l r c o n l u m
Phase
2000
18550~
(yu,p~r)
(BU)
(aU)
6
1600
(azd
4
10
0
20
0
30
U
0
40
Weight
50
Percent
V-W
Atomic
0
I~OO+----~
--T>
70
80
lungsten
30
40
0 t o 100
OtoO4
0t002
42 to 55
99 to 100
Space
group
c12
tP30
1m3m
P421mnm
Cmcm
P6lmmm
P63lmmc
0c4
hP3
hP2
0
100
90
Z ~ r c o n i u m
---
Prrcrnt
20
-
10
4
60
wt% Zr
Pearson
symbol
Zr
S.V. Nagender Naidu, A.M. Sriramamurthy, M. Vijayakumar, and
P. Rama Rao, 1989
50
60
-+-&k-.-~+-
70 80 90100
4 LA
34ZZ.C
Composition,
phaSe
~ 1 %
w
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(V.W
0 to 100
cI2
Im3m
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zr
Pearsun
symbol
Space
group
0 to -9
-47.2
-90.1 to 100
-100
c12
cF24
c12
hP2
Im?m
Fd5m
Im3m
P63lmmc
ar
3
d
m
LSOD
0
10
20
30
40
SO
60
70
80
90
100
W c ~ g h tPercent T u n g s t e n
V
W
J.F. Smith, 1989
0
10
Atornlc
20
Percent
30
Zlrconlurn
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
(V)
VzZr
(Wr)
(azr)
V
Weight
Percent
Zirconlurn
Zr
2*382/Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
S.V. Nagender Naidu and P. Rama Rao, 1991
Atomic P e r c e n t Tungsten
-
-
Phme
Composition,
wt% W
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
(BZr)
(azr)
ZrW2
(w)
0 to 7.7
0 to 0.50
-80.1
98.2 to 100
cI2
hP2
cF24
c12
Im5m
P63lmmc
Fdjm
Im3m
-
Zr
Weight P e r c e n t Tungsten
-
W
H. Okamoto, 1990
Phase
(BY)
Y Zn
PYZn,
aYZn2
YZn,
Y3Znll
1 3 ~ ~ 5 8
YZn,
Y~Zn~7
YZn 1 2
(Zn)
Composition,
-96 Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0
0
? to 42.4
c12
hP2
cP2
Im5m
P631mmc
Pmm
59.6
59.6
69
73.0
76.7
76.6
86.2
89.8
100
...
...
011 2
oPI6
0128
hP142
hP36
hP3 8
?I26
hP2
Imma
Pnma
Immm
W3mc
P63lmmc
P631mmc
14lmmm
P6dmmc
Y-Zr
A. Palenzona and S. Cirafici, 1991
I
A t o r n ~ cP e r c e n t Z l r c o n ~ u r n
10
LU
zoo0 --4
---i---+
I800
1600
I
10
50
40
60
70
80
GO
loo
L
W
C
600
Y
W e ~ g h t Percent Z t r c o n ~ u r n
Zr
Composition,
~ 1 %
Zr
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
0 to 5
0 to 1.85
96.2 to 100
c12
hP2
cI2
1m5m
P63/mmc
1m5m
100
hP2
P6sfmmc
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams/2*383
J.T. Mason and P. Chiotti, 1968
Yb-Zn
Pearson
symbol
Space
Phase
Composition,
wt% Zn
(Vbf
($Yb)
YbZn
PYbZnz
aYbZn,
Yb3Zn11
Yb13Zn5~
Yb2Znl.i
YbZn,l
(Zn)
0
0
27.4
-42 to 43
-42 to 4 3
-58.0 to 59.4
-62.5 to 64.0
76.3
80.3
100
c12
cF4
cP2
...
0112
0128
hP142
...
t148
hP2
Im3m
F ~
PmSm
Imma
Immm
P63mc
...
I4,lamd
P63/mmc
68
83.2
c1160
cF112
1m3
Fm3c
group
...
Other reported phases
Yb3Zn1.i
YbZn13
60
Welght P e r c e n t Zlnc
S
~
Section 3
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 3.3
Ternary Phase Diagrams.......................................................................................................................
3.5.58
Ternary References............................................................................................................................... 3059.60
List of Systems Included:
Ag-Au-Cu ...........3.5
Ag-Cd-Cu ........3.54
Ag-Cd-Zn ........3*6.7
Ag-Cu-Zn ...........3.7
Ag-PbSn .........3.7-8
AICr-Fe .............3.8
AICr-Mg .........3.8.9
AlCr-Mn ............3.9
AlCr-Ni ............. 3.9
Al-Cr-Ti.............. 3.9
Al-Cu-Fe .......3.9. 10
AlCu-Mn ....3010-11
AICu-Ni .....3.11-12
Al-Cu-Si ........... 3-12
AI-Cu-Zn .....3.12 .13
A1-Fe-Mn .....3.13. 14
Al-Fe-Ni ......3-14-15
AI-Fe-Si.......3.15.16
Al-Fe-Zn ...........3.16
AI-Mg-Mn ........ 3.17
Al-Mg-Si .....3-17-18
A1-Mg-Zn....3-18-19
Al-Mn-Si ..........3.19
AI-Mc-Ni .........3.20
AI-Mc-Ti ..........3.20
Al-Ni-Ti ......3.20-21
Al-Si-Zn ......3021-22
AI-Ti-V............. 3.22
Au-Cu-Ni ....3-22-23
BC-Fe .........3-23-24
C-Cr-Fe .......3-24-25
CCr-Mo ......3-25-26
CCr-N .............. 3-26
C-Cr-V.........3.2627
C-Cr-W.............3.27
CCu-Fe .......3-27-28
C-Fe-Mn ......3.28.30
C-Fe-Mo ......3-30-31
C-Fe-N.........3.3 1-32
C-Fe-Ni ............3.32
C-Fe-Si ........3-33-34
C-Fe-V.............. 3-34
C-Fe-W............. 3-35
Cd-SbSn .....3.35.36
Cc-Cr-Fe ..... 3-36-37
Co-Cr-Ni ..........3-37
CoCr-Ti ........... 3.38
Cc-Cr-W ...........3-38
Cc-Fe-Mo ....3-38-39
Cc-Fe-Ni .....3039-40
Cc-Fe-W ...... 3.40-41
CeMc-Ni ......... 3-41
Cc-Ni-Ti ...........3-41
Cr-Fe-Mo..........3-42
Cr-Pe-N ............3.43
Cr-Fe-Ni ...... 3943-44
Cr-Fe-W ...........3.45
Cr-Mc-Ni .......... 3-45
Cr-Mow ..........3.46
Cr-NbNi .....3.4647
Cr-NbW .......... 3.47
Cr.Ni.Ti .......3*47.48
Cr-Ni-W ........... 3.48
Cr-Ti-W ............3-49
Cu-Fe-Ni ..... 3.49.50
Cu-Ni-Sn ..........3-50
Cu-Ni-Zn .......... 3.5 1
Cu-PbZn ..... 3.5 1-52
Cu-SbSn .......... 3.52
Cu-Sn-Zn ..........3.52
Fe-Mn-Ni..........3-53
Fe-Mc-Nb ....3053-54
Fe-MeNi .....3.54.55
Fe-Ni-W ...........3-55
Mo-Nb-Ti .........3.56
Mo-Ni-Ti ..........3.56
Mo-Ni-W .......... 3-56
Mo-Ti-W ..........3.57
Nb-Ti-W ...........3.57
P b S b S n .....3.57-58
PbSn-Zn .......... 3.58
Introduction to Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
THE 80 TERNARY SYSTEMS covered in this or labeling, each author's diagram has been reSection were selected for their commercial im- drawn, but shown as originally presented. Thereportance from the thousands of systems sched- fore, the diagrams do not, in all instances, agree
uled for inclusion in the Handbook of Ternary with one another and with the binary diagrams
Alloy Phase Diagrams, to be published by ASM published in this Volume.The reference source for
in 1994. The 313 diagrams shown here were each diagram is identified by a code consisting of
chosen from the more than 12,000assembled for two numbers (indicating the year of publication)
that project. Wherever a recent compilation of followed by the first three letters of the first
diagrams assessed under the International Pro- author's (or editor's) surname. The complete cigramme covered one of these systems, priority tation for each source code is listed at the end of
was given to those evaluated diagrams in prefer- this Section.
Because this Handbook is designed to be used
ence to older, unassessed work. The remaining
diagrams, although not yet assessed, were se- primarily by engineers to solve industrial problected as the best available.
lems, the composition scale is plotted in weight
When a single source covered a system, a set of ,percent. Conversions between weight and atomic
compatible diagrams was selected from it. For composition can be made using the standard
some systems, however, diagrams from more atomic weights listed in the Appendix. For the
than one source were needed. Except for occa- sake of clarity, grid lines arenotsuperimposed on
sional conversion of composition scale from the phase diagrams. However, tick marks are
atomic to weight percent or change in orientation provided along the composition scales as well as
the temperature scale,which is shown in degrees
Celsius. Celsius temperatures can be easily converted to degrees Fahrenheit using the table in the
Appendix. When an arrowhead appears on a temperature trough line in a liquidus projection, it
indicates the direction of decreasing temperature
in the trough. Dashed lines are used to denote
uncertain or speculative boundaries. Dotted lines
indicate the limit of the investigated region.
The diagrams presented in this Section are for
stable equilibrium conditions, with the exception
of metastable conditions for some diagrams involving carbon and iron. These latter temary diagrams can be identified by the presence of Fe3C
on the Fe-C binary portion of the diagram. In
some ternary diagrams involving carbon and iron,
the symbol M is used to represent both iron and
the other metallic element when the two metals
substitute for each other in a carbide phase-for
example, M3C.
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagramsl3.5
Ag-Au-Cu isothermal section at 775 "C t90PriI
Ag-Au-Cu liquidus projection [9OPril
Au
Au
W r ~ g h t Prrccnt
rapper
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Copper
Ag-Au-Cu isothermal section at 300 "C 190Pril
Ag-Au-Cu isothermal section at 950 "C t90Pril
Au
Au
Ag
I0
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
CU
Ag
LO
20
30
Ag-Au-Cu isothermal section at 850 "C [90Pri]
50
60
70
80
SO
CU
Ag-Cd-Cu liquidus projection [88Pet]
Cu
Weieht P e r c e n t Coppel
10
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Copper
Welght P e r c e n t Copper
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S l l v e r
80
90
Ag
3*6/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Cd-Cu isothermal section at 600 OC [88Petl
Cu
lo
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Ag-Cd-Zn liqrridus projection with regions of primary crystallization 188PetI
90
Ag
Weight P e r c e n t S ~ l v e r
30
40
50
80
70
Weight P e r c e n t Sllver
30
40
50
80
70
Weight P e r c e n t Zinc
Ag-Cd-Cu isothermal section at 300 OC [88Petl
20
20
Ag-Cd-Zn isothermal section at 600 OC [88Petl
Weight P e r c e n t Silver
la
I0
Welght P e r c e n t Z i l c
Ag-Cd-Cu isothermal section at 500 OC r88PetI
cu
Ag
Ag-Cd-Zn isothermal section at 400 OC [88Pet]
80
90
Ag
Weight P e r c e n t Zinc
60
90
Zn
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams1307
Ag-Cu-Zn isothermal section at 350
Ag-Cd-Zn isothermal section at 200 OC [88Pet]
Ag
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
A0
90
7.n
Cu
10
20
30
Wclght P e r c r n l Zinc
40
OC [88Pet]
50
60
70
90
A0
Ag-Cu-Zn liquidus projection [88Petl
Ag-Pb-Sn [I 1Parl
-b-0
7 .
.----,- 4
7
10
8
Cu
10
20
30
40
50
Ag
Welght P e r c e n t Sllver
80
70
80
90
Weight P p r c e n t Tln
1OAg9OPb
9OPblOSn
A.R
Weight P e r c e n t S l l v e r
Ag-Cu-Zn isothermal section at 600 OC [88Petl
Ag-Pb-Sn [ I 1Parl
......, ,,,..,..,
,---.-
LOO
Ag3Sn
0
50Ag50Pb
i
...'7--,.--7-.
m
,
20
+
+
(Pb)
(Sn)
. .. ,.. . . . ,.
,
,
,
,
30
Welght P e r c e n t Tin
,
,
,
,
,
,
.-
do
50Pb50Sn
3*8/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ag-Pb-Sn [I 1Par]
Al-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 750 "C [88Ray]
100
Ag$n
0
0
9OAglOPb
10
20
t (Pb)
30
40
50
60
Weight Percent Tin
70
+
(Sn)
80
90
IOPbBOSn
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Weight Percent Alumlnum
Al-Cr-Fe liquidus projection [88Ray]
Al-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 600 "C [88Ray]
Weight Percent A l u m ~ n u m
Al-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 900 OC [88Ray]
Weight Percent Aluminum
Al-Cr-Mn isothermal section at 690 "C [73Wil]
A1
Welght Percent Aluminum
10
20
30
Weight Percent Manganese
40
80
Al
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagramd3.9
Al-Cr-Mn isothermal section at 600 "C [73Will
Al
Al-Cr-Ni isothermal section at 1150 "C [870fol
A1
I
10
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Manganese
Al-Cr-Mn isothermal section at 550 OC [73Wil]
loo
(Al)
+
MnAle
30
40
50
80
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Nlckel
Al-Cr-Ti isothermal section at 760 "C [56Zwil
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Manganesr
Al-Cr-Mn (Al) isothermal section at 550 "C [73Will
20
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A l u m ~ n u r n
Al-Cu-Fe liquidus projection [73Wil]
Ai
Wrlght P e r c r n t Copper
80
90
N1
301O/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Al-Cu-Fe solidus projection [73Wil]
Al-Cu-Mn liquidus projection [73Wil]
=
(Al)
Al
+ CuAlz
Welght P e r c e n t Coppel
Al-Cu-Fe solvus projection [73Wil]
Al
Welght P e r c e n t Copper
Al-Cu-Mn solidus projection [73Wil]
Welght P e r c e n t Copper
Weight P e r c e n t Copp<,r
Al-Cu-Fe isothermal section at 600 "C [71Pre]
LO
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Copper
A!-Cu-Mn solvus projection [73Wil]
80
90
CU
A1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Coppr,r
8
9
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3all
Al-Cu-Mn isothermal section at 950 OC [66Kos]
Al-Cu-Ni liquidus projection [73Wil]
M 11
Al
10
20
30
40
50
Al
60
70
80
90
Cu
Cu
10
20
30
Welghl P e r c e n t C o p p e r
Al-Cu-Mn isothermal section at 700 "C [66Kosl
A1
I0
20
30
40
50
60
70
40
50
80
70
80
90
NI
Welght Percent Nlckel
Al-Cu-Ni isothermal section at 900 "C [48Kos]
80
90
('u
Cu
10
20
:30
W e ~ g h tP r r c e n t C o p p e r
40
50
60
70
00
90
N1
90
N1
W ~ ~ g Ph rtr c e n t N l c k r l
Al-Cu-Mn isothermal section at 25 "C [66Kos]
Al-Cu-Ni isothermal section at 700 "C [48Kos]
Mn
Al
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Welght Percenl Copper
80
90
Cu
Cu
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t N i c k e l
80
3.1 2/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Al-Cu-Ni isothermal section at 500 "C [73Wil]
Cu
10
20
30
40
50
80
70
Al-Cu-Si isothermal section at 750 OC [48Wil]
80
90
Ni
CU
2
Weight Percent Nlckel
Al-Cu-Si liquidus projection [79Cha]
cu
lo
20
30
10
50
1
H
6
Al-Cu-Si isothermal section at 400 OC [48Wil]
70
80
80
90
Al
CU
2
4
0
8
Welght Percent Alumlnum
Weight Percent Aluminum
Al-Cu-Si isothermal section at 955 OC [48Wil]
Al-Cu-Zn liquidus projection [73Will
Cu
90
CU
2
4
8
10
Weight Percent Aluminum
8
Weight Percent Aluminum
LO
Weight Percent Zinc
LO
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3@13
Al-Cu-Zn isothermal section at 700 "C [73Wil]
Al-Cu-Zn isothermal section at 200 "C [73Wil]
. .
A1
Weight P e r c e n t Zlnc
la
zo
30
ro
so
60
70
80
90
Zn
Al-Cu-Zn isothermal section at 350 "C [73Wil]
lo
zo
sa
40
so
60
Weight P e r c e n t Zlnc
70
30
40
so
60
Al-Fe-Mn (Al) liquidus projection [88Ray]
Wekght P e r c e n t Z ~ n c
AI
20
70
We~ght P e r c e n t Zinc
Al-Cu-Zn isothermal section at 550 "C [73Wil]
AI
lo
so
so
Zn
so
80
Zn
3
.
1 4/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Al-Fe-Mn liquidus projection [88Ray]
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
Al-Fe-Ni liquidus projection [88Ray]
60
70
80
Mn
90
We~ght Percent Manganese
Weight Percent A l u m m u m
Al-Fe-Mn isothermal section at 1000 OC [88Ray]
F~
lo
20
30
40
50
60
70
Al-Fe-Ni (Al) liquidus projection [88Rayl
80
Mn
90
Weight Percent Manganese
Al-Fe-Mn isothermal section at 600 "C [88Ray]
Weight Percent Aluminum
/
A
10
A
20
A
30
Weight Percent Manganese
A
40
\
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagramsl3.15
Al-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 600 OC [88Rayl
Al-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 1250 OC [88Ray]
NI
Fe
I0
20
40
30
50
80
70
80
90
A1
98
97
Welght P e r c e n t A l u m l n u m
98
A1
S9
Welght P e r c e n t A l u m i n u m
Al-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 950 OC [88Rayl
Al-Fe-Si liquidus projection [88Rayl
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
A1
Welght P e r c e n t Aluminum
Al-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 750 "C [88Rayl
Fc
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t A l u m l n u m
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t A l u n l ~ n u m
80
90
A1
80
90
A1
3.1 6 T e r n a r y Alloy Phase Diagrams
Al-FeSi isothermal section at 1000 O C [88Rayl
Al-Fe-Zn isothermal section at 700 O C [70Kos]
SI
A1
We~ght Percent Aluminum
We~ght Percent Zinc
Al-Fe-Si isothermal section at 550 OC [88Ray]
Fe
Al-Fe-Zn isothermal section at 500 O C [70Kosl
Weight Percent Aluminum
Weight Percent Zinc
Al-Fe-Si isothermal section at 450 OC [88Ray]
+
@
Weight Percent Aluminum
Al-Fe-Zn isothermal section at 330 OC [70Kosl
Al
Weight Percent Zinc
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.17
Al-Mg-Mn liquidus projection [73Wil]
A1
1
2
3
4
5
Al-Mg-Mn isothermal section at 400 O
6
7
8
A1
9
20
10
C
[73Will
30
40
Welght Percent Magnesium
W e ~ g h tPercent Magneslum
Al-Mg-Mn isothermal section at 750 OC [88Siml
Al-Mg-Si liquidus projection [73Wil]
Mg
A1
00
82
64
81
90
I.4 g
90
Al
Al-Mg-Mn isothermal section at 670 "C [88Sim]
/
A
A1
IUI
A
MI
A
02
A
#.I
A
W
Welght Percent Magnesium
lo
20
30
40
so
80
70
80
so
Si
We~ght Percent Sillcon
Welght Percent Magneslum
Al-Mg-Si solidus projection [73Wil]
A
MI
Mg
Al
I
Welght Percent S ~ l l c o n
2
3.1 8/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Al-Mg-Si solvus projection [73Will
Al-Mg-Zn liquidus projection [73Wil]
Mg
20
Weight P e r c e n t Silicon
Al-Mg-Si isothermal section at 800 OC [88Rokl
Welght P e r c e n t Zlnc
Al-Mg-Zn solvus projection [73Wil]
Weight P e r c e n t Slllcon
Al-Mg-Si isothermal section at 430 OC [88Rokl
Weight P e r c e n t Zlnc
Al-Mg-Zn solidus projection [73Wil]
Al
Weight P e r c e n t Silicon
2
4
6
8
10
12
Weight P e r c e n t Zlnc
14
16
I8
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3@19
41-Mg-Zn isothermal section at 335
OC
[73Will
Al-Mn-Si solidus projection (73WiIII
Weight P e r c e n t Zinc
W e ~ g h tf ' e r c e n t S l l ~ c o n
Al-Mg-Zn isothermal section at 20 OC [36Kosl
Al-Mn-Si isothermal section at 800 O C [64Kus]
Mg
Mn
20
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Z ~ n c
Welght P r r c r n t S ~ i ~ c o r l
Al-Mn-Si liquidus projection [73Wil]
Al-Mn-Si isothermal section at 460 OC [73WiI]
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S ~ l l c o n
-- .--.-.--
*"
-.-
.
_
-
.- ..
.
.-.
3020flernary
Alloy Phase Diagrams
Al-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1260 "C [84Mirl
Al-Mo-Ti isothermal section at 925 "C [7OHanl
TI
Weight P e r c e n t A l u m i n u m
Weight P e r c e n t Molybdenum
Al-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1093 "C [84Mirl
Al-Ni-Ti liquidus projection [85Nas]
Al
Ni
Weight P e r c e n t Molybdenum
Weight P e r c e n t A l u m i n u m
Al-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 927 "C [84Mirl
Al-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 900 "C [85Nasl
Ni
TI
Weight P e r c e n t Molybdenum
10
20
30
40
50
GO
70
Welght P e r c e n t Alurnlzlum
80
90
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3*21
Al-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 800 OC [73Marl
Al-Si-Zn schematic liquidus projection
N1
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Zn
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A l u m m u m
Al-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 600 "C [850mal
Al-Si-Zn isothermal section at 527 OC [86Mey]
N1
///
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t A l u m l n u m
L
+
(SI)
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S ~ l l c o n
Al-Si-Zn liquidus projection [86Mey]
Al-Si-Zn isothermal section at 357 OC [86Mey]
Zn
Al
10
20
30
40
50
80
\
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S l l ~ c o n
80
90
Sl
Welght P e r c e n t S ~ l l c o n
so
3a22/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
AI-Ti-V isothermal section at 980 "C [56Zwil
Al-Si-Zn isothermal section at 307 OC [86Meyl
Ti
Zn
A1
LO
20
30
40
SO
60
70
80
90
Welght P e r c e n t A l u m i n u m
Weight P e r c e n t Silicon
AI-Ti-V isothermal section at 1400 OC [61Farl
AI-Ti-V isothermal section at 900 OC [61Farl
TI
Weight P e r c e n t A l u m ~ n u m
Weight P e r c e n t A l u m i n u m
AI-Ti-V isothermal section at 1200 OC [61Farl
Au-Cu-Ni liquidus projection [90Pril
10
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Aluminum
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t Copper
80
90
Cu
Ternary A l l o y Phase Diagrams/3*23
Au-Cu-Ni boundaries of solid-state miscibility gap [90Pri]
B-C-Fe liquidus projection [63Sta]
Ni
Weight Percent Copper
Weight P e r c e n t Boron
The open circles represent the compositions at which the gap closes.
Au-Cu-Ni boundary of miscibility gap at 400 OC, with tie lines
[90Pri]
B-C-Fe isothermal section at 1000 OC [73Bre]
NI
Fe
1
2
3
4
5
8
7
8
9
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Boron
Au-Cu-Ni boundary of miscibility gap at 700 OC, with tie lines
[90Pri]
N1
6-C-Fe isothermal section at 900 OC [73Bre]
Fe
Weight P e r c r n t C o p p e r
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Weight P e r c e n t Horon
8
0
3*24/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 1000 "C 188RayI
B-C-Fe isothermal section at 800 "C 173Brel
Fe
1
2
3
4
5
8
7
8
8
8
Weight Percent Carbon
Weight Percent Boron
C-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 870 OC 188RayI
B-C-Fe isothermal section at 700 OC 173BreI
Fe
1
2
3
4
5
s
7
8
8
8
Weight Percent Boron
C-Cr-Fe liquidus projection [88Rayl
Weight Percent Carbon
i e
I
2
3 / 4
12W C
5
6
7
8
9
Wc~ghtPercent Carbon
10
1112
1314
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.25
C-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 700 "C [88Rayl
F
c
1
2
3
4
5
6
C-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 900 O
7
8
C
[88Rayl
9
Weight Percent Carbon
1 .O
0.5
Fe
1.5
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Cr-Fe (Fe) isothermal section at 1100 OC [88Ray]
Fe
0.5
I .O
Weight Percent Carbon
1.5
Mo
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Chromium
80
90
('r
3026Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C-Cr-Mo isothermal section at 1350 OC [65Kuz]
C-Cr-N isothermal section at 1400 OC [73Bre]
C
81
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C h r o r n ~ u m
Nitrogen pressure: -3 MPa.
C-Cr-N isothermal section at 1400 "C [73Brel
C-Cr-N isothermal section at 1100 "C [73Bre]
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C a r b o n
Nitrogen pressure: 0.2 to 3 MPa.
Nitrogen pressure: SO.1 MPa.
C-Cr-N isothermal section at 1100 OC [73Bre]
Weight P e r c e n t Carbon
Nitrogen pressure: SO.l MPa.
C-Cr-V liquidus projection [66Kie]
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams13027
C-Cr-V isothermal section at 1350 "C t66Kiel
C-Cu-Fe liquidus projection [88Rayl
c
Fc
05
10
I S
20
25
3.0
3.5
40
45
50
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Cr-W isothermal section at 1600 "C [86Erel
Fe
1
2
3
5
4
6
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Cr-W isothermal section at 1350 "C [64Stel
C-Cu-Fe isothermal section at 1050 "C [88Rayl
( Y W + (Cu)
I
I
---
/
Y e ) +U
Fe
0.5
)+ ( )
1 .0
Weight Percent Carbon
(YFe)
1.5
+ (C)
2.0
3028Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C-Cu-Fe isothermal section at 925 "C 188RayI
C-Fe-Mn liquidus projection [88Ray]
*
8
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Cu-Fe isothermal section at 850 "C [88Ray]
Fe
I
2
3
4
,
5
Weight Percent Carbon
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Cu-Fe schematic isothermal section at 850 OC [88Ray]
C-Fe-Mn isothermal section at 1100 "C [73Benl
Mn
a
Carbon 4
Weight Percent Carbon
6
7
8
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.29
C-Fe-Mn isothermal section at 600 "C t73BenI
C-Fe-Mn isothermal section at 1000 OC [73Ben]
Mn
Mn
Fe
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
90
C
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Carbon
C-Fe-Mn isothermal section at 900 "C [73Benl
2.57. manganese
A
Fp
lo
20
30
A
10
A
50
A
60
A
70
A
80
Fe
A
90
Weight P e r c e n t C a r b o n
C
Welght P e r c e n t C a r b o n
C-Fe-Mn isothermal section at 800 OC [73Ben]
110"
.
!
. . . . ., . . .
; 4.5% manganese
lnon
900
Y
(aFe)
(aFe)
Fe
10
20
30
40
So
60
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C a r b o n
80
90
C
+
+
y
M3C
+
+ M3C
M3C
f
3*30/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C-Fe-Mn [73Bre]
1
C-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 1000 "C [88Ray]
13% manganese
We)
+
y
+
M3C
Fe
Fc
We~ght P e r c e n t C a r b o n
1
2
3
4
5
Weight Percent Carbon
6
r
7
M3C
C-Fe-Mo (Fe) isothermal section at 1000 O C [88Ray]
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Fe-Mo liquidus projection [88Ray]
C-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 700 OC (calculated) [88Ray]
'
2
Weight Percent Carbon
Weight Percent Carbon
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.31
C-Fe-Mo (Fe) isothermal section at 700 "C [Ray]
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 600 "C [87Ragl
.(Mn)
Fe
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
We~ghtPercent Carbon
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t N ~ t r o g e n
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 575 "C [87Ragl
9, /A/
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 700 "C [87Ragl
Wclght P e r c e n t N i t r o g e n
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 565 "C [87Rag]
3034nernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 900 "C (metastable equilibrium)
186Ragl
C-Fe-V isothermal section at 1100 "C [87Ragl
.
v c , . + V,C
(ow
(aFc) + V,C
Fe
Fe
Vanadium
C-Fe-V isothermal section at 1000 "C 187RagI
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t S ~ l l c o n
C-Fe-V liquidus projection [87Ragl
\
/ Wctght Percent
W e ~ g h tP r r c e n t S ~ l l c o n
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 800 "C (metastable equilibrium)
186Ragl
ISWT
+o
I
14009:
S
14150C
Weight Percent Vanadium
C-Fe-V isothermal section at 500 "C 187RagI
W c )
Weight Percent Vanadium
+
n
( = ~ c )+
+
W w h t Percent Vanadium
,
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/SeSI
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 600 OC [87Ragl
C-Fe-Mo (Fe) isothermal section at 700 OC [Ray]
,(Mo)
I
Fe
2
3
5
4
6
7
Weight Percent Carbon
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t N ~ t r o g e n
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 575 OC [87Ragl
Weight Percent Carbon
W e ~ g h tP r r c r n t N ~ t r o g e n
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 700 OC [87Ragl
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 565 OC [87Ragl
Fr
1
2
3
4
5
8
7
Welghl P r r c e i ~ tNitrogen
8
9
W e ~ g h lP e r c e n t N ~ t r o g c n
.
-
3*32/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C-Fe-N isothermal section at 500 OC [87Ragl
Fe
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
C-Fe-Ni solidus projection [88Ray]
8
9
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t N l t r o g e n
C-Fe-Ni liquidus projection [88Ray]
0.5
Fe
1 .O
1.5
2.0
2.5
1493 "C
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Fe-Wi y ~ e /(yFe + C ) boundary at 800 and 1000 OC [88Ray]
1493.0~
Weight Percent Carbon
1153°C
Weight Percent Carbon
Note that at 800 OC the (aFe) phase will also appear at low Ni contents.
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.33
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 1150 "C (stable equilibrium) 186RagI
C-Fe-Si liquidus projection (stable equilibrium) [86Ragl
,---I----,.
T
I
!
Fe
Weight P e r c e n t Sllicon
F r,
a1
+
c
+
(C)
Weight P r r c c n t S l l l c o n
C-Fe-Si liquidus projection (metastable equilibrium) [86Rag]
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 1100 OC (metastable equilibrium)
[86Rag]
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 1300 OC (stable equilibrium) [86Ragl
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 1000 OC (stable equilibrium) [86Rag]
,
..
r . . .
'
L5
I
1
I
(YF~+
) (C)
. , . - . --- .
...........
I
al
+
c
+
(c)
, .
.
3034Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 900 OC (metastable equilibrium)
[86Ragl
C-Fe-V isothermal section at 1100 "C [87Rag]
(ape)
IaFe) + V,C
C-Fe-Si isothermal section at 800 OC (metastable equilibrium)
[86Ragl
(aye)
+
Fe3C
+
+
/Weight
Percent Vanadium
C-Fe-V isothermal section at 1000 OC [87Rag]
r
Welght P e r c e n t S ~ l ~ c o n
Fe
Weight Percent Vanadium
C-Fe-V liquidus projection [87Rag]
F e \ 1 0 \ 2 0 \ 3 0
ISmT
I4lST
40
SO
C-Fe-V isothermal section at 500 OC [87Rag]
60
Weight Percent Vanadium
70
80
90
V
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagramd3.35
C-Fe-W isothermal section at 1000 OC 188RayI
C-Fe-W liquidus projection [88Ray]
Fe
I
2
3
5
4
6
7
Fe
I
2
Weight Percent Carbon
3
4
5
6
Weight Percent Carbon
C-Fe-W (Fe) isothermal section at 1000 "C [88Rayl
C-Fe-W isothermal section at 1250 "C [88Rayl
(aFe)
3 $+ (
Fe
\
Me)
1
2
4
3
5
6
7
Weight Percent Carbon
Fe
C-Fe-W (Fe) isothermal section at 1250 OC 188RayI
(W)
0.5
1 .O
Weight Percent Carbon
Cd-Sb-Sn liquidus projection [73Pel]
+ Fe,W,C + FeWIC
Fe,W,C
+ Fe,W,C
Weight Percent Cadmium
aFe
+ Fe,W,C + Fe,W,C
(uFe)
aFe
+ WC + Fe,W,C
+ Fe,W, + Fe,W,C
Weieht Percent Carbon
1.5
7
3*36/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cd-Sb-Sn isothermal section at 212 OC [73Pel]
Cd-Sb-Sn [73Pel]
SbSn
250
+
L
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Cadmium
Cd-Sb-Sn isothermal section at 175 OC [73Pel]
.,""",
"
(Cd) + L
10O.C
C
B
+
(Cd) + CdSb
(BSn) + (Cd) + CdSb
125
0
Sn
5
LO
15
20
25
-- - -
Weight P e r c e n t Cadmium
Cd-Sb-Sn isothermal section at 20 OC [73Pel]
Co-Cr-Fe liquidus projection [88Ray]
Cr
Weight P e r c e n t Cadmium
I0
35
Welght P e r c e n t C a d m ~ u m
Welght Percent Cobal
40
45
i
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.37
Co-Cr-Fe solidus projection t88Rayl
Co-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 800 OC t88RayI
Lr
00
Co-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 1200 OC 188RayI
Co-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 600 OC [88Rayl
Cr
Wcight Prrcrnt C o b a l t
Co-Cr-Fe isothermal section at 1000 OC [88Ray]
Co-Cr-Ni isothermal section at 1200 OC [81Zha]
Ca
3038Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Co-Cr-Ti liquidus projection [62Zak]
Co-Cr-W isothermal section at 1350 "C I73Dral
W
I0
Co
W ~ l g h tPercent T ~ t a n l u r ~ r
10
20
30
20
30
40
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t C h r o n ~ ~ u r n
Co-Cr-Ti solidus projection [62Zak]
CO
I0
Am
Co-Cr-W isothermal section at 700 "C [73Dra]
40
Weight P e r c e n t T ~ t a n i u m
Co-Cr-Ti isothermal section at 1050 "C [58Liv]
50
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o n ~ l u m
Co-Fe-Mo liquidus projection [88Ray]
Mo
Welght P e r c e n t T ~ t a n ~ u m
Welght P e r c e n t Cobalt
GO
90
Cr
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3*39
Co-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 800 "C [88Rayl
Co-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 1300 OC [88Rayl
Mc
Co-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 20 OC [88Rayl
Co-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 1093 OC [88Rayl
W r ~ g t ! t Pvrcent Cobalt
Co-Fe-Ni liquidus projection [88Ray]
Co-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 982 OC [88Rayl
Co
20
70
(aFe)
+
80
,$
g
,Y
,,,
,
,,,,
,,,,
90
(aFe)
-
A
.....................
---.---'-"-
(yFe,aCo)
.
We)
=
-------A
Fe
1
0
20
30
40
50
ti0
70
Welght Percent Nickel
ti0
90
Nl
3*40/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Co-Fe-Ni solidus projection [88Ray]
Co-Fe-W liquidus and solidus projections [88Ray]
W
Weight P e r c e n t I r o n
Weight P e r c e n t Nickel
Co-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 800 OC [88Ray]
Co-Fe-W isothermal section at 1200 OC [88Ray]
Co
Fe
10
20
30
10
50
w
80
70
80
m
N1
Fe
10
20
30
Weight P e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
40
50
60
70
80
90
Co
80
90
Ca
W c ~ g h tP e r c e n t Cobalt
Co-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 600 OC [88Ray]
Co-Fe-W isothermal section at 1000 OC [88Rayl
W
20
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Weight P e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
80
90
Ni
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Cobalt
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3*41
Co-Fe-W isothermal section at 800 OC [88Ray]
Co-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1100 "C [80Loo]
Mo
y,
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
co
NI
In
zo
so
40
Co-Mo-Ni liquidus projection [84Gup]
so
fin
70
HO
90
Co
80
90
CO
W e ~ g h tPercent Cobcilt
Welght P r r c e n t Cobalt
Co-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 1000 OC [83Gry]
Mo
Ni
I0
20
40
30
50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t C o b a l t
Co-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1200 OC [52Das]
Co-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 800 OC [80Gry]
Mo
- -vApK--Ap
N1
10
20
(aCo,Ni)
30
40
,
PA-50
60
70
Welght P e r c e n t Cobalt
80
A
90
Co
3042nernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-Fe-Mo liquidus projection [88Ray]
Cr-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 815 OC [88Ray]
Fe+%A
Fe
20
10
30
40
50
60
70
60
Cr
90
Fe
10
20
Weight Percent Chromium
Cr-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 1250 OC [88Rayl
Fe
&(7%
z:A
10
a
A
20
A
A
30
=
A
40
,
50
4
5
,
60
40
Cr-Fe-Mo [88Ray]
(aFe,Cr.Ma)
,
50
30
Weight Percent Chromlum
,
70
A
80
A
90
We~ght Percent Molybdenum
Cr
Weight Percent Chromium
Cr-Fe-Mo isothermal section at 1100 OC [88Ray]
Cr-Fe-Mo [88Rayl
Mo
500-1 .
0
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
W e ~ g h t Percent C h r o m ~ u m
80
90
Cr
..........................
1
2
3 , ,,
,
-T---f
Welght Percent Molybdenum
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagramsl3.43
Cr-Fe-N liquidus projection 187RagI
Cr-Fe-N isothermal section at 700 OC 187Ragl
OE
(aFe) + (7Fe)
(yFe) + CrN
2
E
3
!XI
IrFe)
+ CrN
+ r + CrN I
Weight Percent Chromium
W e ) + (7Fd
Cr-Fe-N isothermal section at 1200 OC [87Rag]
Weight Percent Chromium
Cr-Fe-N isothermal section at 567 OC [87Rag]
CrN
+
CrN
'
I0
20
30
40
(uFc)
20
10
40
30
50
o
60
SO(nFe)90
70
Wetght Percent Chrornlurn
50
Weight Percent Chromium
Cr-Fe-N isothermal section at 1000 "C 187Ragl
Cr-Fe-Ni liquidus projection [88Ray]
Cr
5
10
1s
20
Weight Percent Chromium
Fe
10
3 2 0
30
10
50
60
70
Weight Percent N ~ c k e l
80
90
NI
3044nernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-Fe-Ni solidus projection [88Ray]
Cr-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 900 OC [88Ray]
Cr
Cr
Fe
10
20
40
30
Weight Percent Nickel
50
eo
70
80
90
80
90
NI
Weight Percent Nickel
Note: a = (aFe,Cr); y = (yFe,Ni)
Cr-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 1300 OC [88Ray]
Cr-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 800 OC 188RayI
Cr
Fe
I0
20
30
40
50
Cr
80
70
80
80
Ni
Fe
lo
20
30
40
Weight Percent N ~ c k e l
50
80
Note: a = (aFe,Cr); y = (yFe,Ni)
Note: a = (aFe,Cr); y = (yFe,Ni)
Cr-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 1000 OC 188RayI
Cr-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 650 OC 188RayI
Cr
Weight Percent Nickel
Note: a = (aFe,Cr); y = (yFe,Ni)
70
Welght Percent Nlckt.1
Weight Percent Nickel
Note: a
= (aFe,Cr); y = (yFe,Ni)
< N ,
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams13045
Cr-Fe-W isothermal section at 1200 OC [88Rayl
Cr-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1250 OC r90GupI
M0
W
a = (aFe.Cr)
h ' n
A
A
n
A
A
('r
Wright P r r v e n l C h r o r n ~ u m
Cr-Fe-W isothermal section at 600 OC [88Ray]
W
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o r n ~ u m
Cr-Mo-Ni liquidus projection [9OGup]
Mn
Cr-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1200 "C [90Gup]
M r,
W r ~ g h t l'rt c v n i ( ' l i r o m i u ~ r i
Cr-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 600 OC [90Gup]
Mo
3046Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-Mo-W isothermal section at 2227 OC 175KauI
Cr-Nb-Ni liquidus projection [90Gup]
Nb
Welght P e r c e n t C h r o n ~ ~ u m
Welght P e r c e n t C h r o r n ~ u r n
Cr-Mo-W isothermal section at 1300 OC 175KauI
Cr-Nb-Ni isothermal section at 1200 OC [90Gupl
Mo
w
LO
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Welght P e r c e n t C h r o m l u m
Cr-Mo-W isothermal section at 1000 OC 175KauI
Welght P e r c e n t C h r o m l u m
90
Cr
Welght P e r c e n t C h r o n ? ~ u m
Cr-Nb-Ni isothermal section at 1175 OC [90Gup]
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o m i u m
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.47
Cr-Nb-Ni isothermal section at 1100 "C [9OGupl
Cr-Ni-Ti liquidus projection [90Gup]
'1'1
Cr-Nb-W isothermal section at 1500 "C [61Engl
Cr-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 1352 "C [74Kau]
T1
Cr-Nb-W isothermal section at 1000 "C 161Engl
Cr-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 1277 "C [74Kau]
'1.1
W
10
70
30
40
50
60
70
Welghl P e r c e n t C h r o r n ~ u n r
60
90
I
3048nernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cr-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 1027 OC [74Kaul
Cr-Ni-W isothermal section at 1000 "C [90Gup]
W
TI
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Chrornkum
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o r n ~ u m
Cr-Ni-W liquidus projection [90Gup]
Cr-Ni-W isothermal section at 900 "C [90Gupl
W
~i
lo
20
30
40
so
60
70
60
so
Cr
~i
10
20
Welght P e r c e n t C h r o m i u m
Cr-Ni-W isothermal section at 1250 "C [90Gup]
40
so
60
70
80
so
Cr
90
Cr
Weight P e r c e n t C h r o m i u m
Cr-Ni-W isothermal section at 800 "C [990Gup]
Ni
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t C h r o m i u m
30
I0
20
30
40
50
60
70
We~ghtPercent Chromium
80
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagramsl3.49
Cr-Ti-W isothermal section at 800 OC [58Bagl
Cu-Fe-Ni liquidus projection [90Cup]
Fe
NI
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
We~ghL P e r c e n t Copper
Cr-Ti-W isothermal section at 750 OC [58Bag]
Cu-Fe-Ni miscibility gap [90Cup]
'r l
Fe
W r ~ g h l P ~ r c c r l l' S u n g s t r n
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Coppel
Cr-Ti-W isothermal section at 600 OC [58Bag]
'I
Cu-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 400 OC [90Cup]
I
Fe
NI
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
W r ~ g h tP r r r ~ r ~Copper
t
80
90
Cu
3050Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cu-Fe-Ni isothermal section at 20 OC [9OGup]
Cu-Ni-Sn solidus projection [9OGupl
Fe
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Copper
Welght P c r c c n t C0ppt.r
Cu-Fe-Ni [9OGupl
Cu-Ni-Sn isothermal section at 700 OC [9OGup]
Weight P e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
Ni
Weight Percprlt C0ppi.1
Cu-Ni-Sn liquidus projection [90Gup]
Cu-Ni-Sn isothermal section at 550 OC POGupl
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3*51
Cu-Ni-Zn liquidus projection [79Cha]
Cu-Ni-Zn isothermal section at 20 OC [73Lev]
Cu-Ni-Zn isothermal section at 775 OC [79Cha]
Cu-Pb-Zn liquidus projection [79Cha]
Cu-Ni-Zn isothermal section at 650 OC [73Lev]
Cu-Pb-Zn (Pb) liquidus projection [79Chal
%n
3052Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Cu-Pb-Zn isothermal section at 25 "C 129BauI
Cu-Sb-Sn phases present at temperatures below the reactions in the
solid state [73Bla]
Zn
cu
lo
ea
30
40
50
Cu
00
70
80
90
Pb
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Lead
Cu-Sb-Sn liquidus projection [73Bla]
Cu-Sn-Zn liquidus projection [73Smi]
10
Cu-Sb-Sn (Sn) liquidus projection [73Bla]
30
20
Welght P e r c c n l A n t ~ r n o n y
Weight P e r c e n t Tlo
Cu-Sn-Zn isothermal section at 500 "C [73Smi]
Cu
Weight Percent Antimony
Zn
10
20
30
40
50
GO
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t T I I ,
DO
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3.53
Fe-Mn-Ni liquidus projection [88Ray]
Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 650 "C [89Har]
N,
Fe
5
10
15
Weight Percent Manganese
W e ~ g h t P e r c e n t Manganese
Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 850 "C [89Har]
Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 550 "C [89Har]
Fe
Weight Percent Manganese
I
2
3
Weight Percent Manganese
10
15
Weight Percent Manganese
Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 750 OC [89Harl
Fe
5
Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 1250 "C [89Har]
4
5
20
3*54/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 1150 OC 189Harl
Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 900 OC [87Smi]
Weight P e r c e n t Niobium
Fe
Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 1050 "C [89Har]
Fe-Mo-Ni liquidus projection [34Kos]
Mo
01 . . . . . . . . , . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0
05
Fe
1
I5
Weight P e r c e n t Niobium
2
25
Fe
10
20
30
10
50
60
70
80
Weight P e r c e n t N1cke.l
Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 950 OC [89Har]
Fe
Fe-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1200 OC [52Dasl
Weight P e r c c n t Nloblurn
Weight P e r c e n t N ~ c k r l
90
N1
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3*55
Fe-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1100 "C [88Rayl
Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1465 "C [88Ray]
Mo
Fe
10
20
30
40
50
W
60
70
80
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t N ~ c k e l
Fe-Ni-W liquidus and solidus projections [88Ray]
90
NI
Fe
10
20
30
40
SO
60
70
80
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Nlckel
Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1455 "C [88Rayl
W
Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1500 O
C
[88Ray]
Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1400 "C [88Ray]
90
NI
3*56/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Mo-Nb-Ti isothermal section at 1100 "C [58Korl
Mo-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 900 O C [84Ere]
/
Mo
10
20
30
40
50
80
80
70
90
Nb
TI
10
20
Weight P e r c e n t Nioblurn
30
50
10
80
80
70
M0
90
Weight P e r c e n t M o l y b d r ~ n u m
Mo-Nb-Ti isothermal section at 600 "C [58Kor]
Mo-Ni-W isothermal section at 1000 "C [8OMasl
so
(Mom)
:
:M o N i +
, ,II
I
90
,
I
8
(M0,W)
A
Mo
I0
20
30
40
50
80
70
80
90
Nb
W
10
A
20
Welght P e r c e n t N ~ o b ~ u m
A
30
::
I
A
40
A
50
A
60
A
70
20
30
40
50
80
70
Weight P e r c e n t Molybdenum
A
80
A
90
Mo-Ni-W isothermal section at 700 "C [85Mes]
MoNi
10
10
,
Weight P e r c e n t Molybdenum
Mo-Ni-Ti isothermal section at 1200 "C [86Pri]
Ti
(Yo,W)
,
80
00
MO
W
10
20
30
40
50
60
+
70
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Molybdrnum
(Mo.W)
80
90
Mo
Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams/3*57
Mo-Ti-W isothermal section at 2227 "C [75Kaul
Nb-Ti-W isothermal section at 600 "C [77Lev]
Wright P e r c e n t T u n g s t e n
Mo-Ti-W isothermal section at 1000 "C 175KauI
Pb-Sb-Sn liquidus projection [73Bre]
Sb
I'h
WrlghL P e r c e n t l ' u n g q t r n
Nb-Ti-W isothermal section at 1000 OC [75Kau]
I
I
WelghI 1'r.l-cent 'Tin
Pb-Sb-Sn isothermal section at 240 "C [850sa]
Sb
3*58/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Pb-Sb-Sn (Pb) liquidus projection 173BreI
Pb-Sb-Sn [850sal
Wright P c r r e n t A n t l r n a n y
90% Pb 10% S n
Pb-Sn-Zn liquidus projection [Sl Lin]
Sn
Weight Percent Tin
Zn
lo
20
30
40
50
GO
70
Weight P e r c e n t Lend
Pb-Sb-Sn isothermal section at 189 "C [850sa]
Pb-Sn-Zn isothermal section at 532 "C [67Pta]
Sb
(Pb) + SbSn
W e ~ g h tP e r c e n t Tin
+
(Sn)
Weight P ~ r c e n tLead
80
90
I'h
3059Dernary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ternary System References
11Par: N. Parravano, "Das Temare System Silber-Zinn-Blei," Z . Metallkd., Vol l , 191l , p
89- 108
29Bau: 0 . Bauer and M. Hansen, "Der Einfluss
von dritten Metallen auf die Konstitution der
Messingle ierungen. I. Der Einfluss von Blei,"
2. Metallkd., Vol21, 1929, p 190-196
36Kos: W. Koster and W. Dullenkopf, "Das
Dreistoffsystem
Aluminium-MagnesiumZink. 111. Der Teilbereich Mg-AlsMg4A12Mg3Zn3-MgZnz-Mg," Z. Metallkd., Vol
28, 1936, p 363-367
48Kos: W. Koster, U. Zwicker, and K. Moeller,
"Mikroskopische und rontgenographische
Untersuchungen zur Kenntnis des Systems
Kupfer-Nickel-Aluminium," Z. Metallkd.,
Vol39, 1948, p 225-231
48WiI: F.H. Wilson, "The Copper-Rich Comer
of the Copper-Aluminum-Silicon Diagram,"
Trans. AIME, Vol 175,1948, p 262-273
SlLin: E. Linder, "Eine Methode zur Erforschung von Vierstoffsystemen Dargestellt am
System Blei-Zink-Kadmium-Zinn," Z. Metallkd., Vol43, 1951, p 377-387
52Das: D.K. Das, S.P. Rideout, and P.A. Beck,
"Intermediate Phases in the Mo-Fe-Co, MoFe-Ni, and Mo-Ni-Co Temary Systems,"
Trans. AIME, Vol194,1952, p 1071-1075
56Zwi: U. Zwicker, "Die Systeme Titan-Aluminium-Chrom und Titan-Aluminium-Vanadin und die technishcen Titanlegierungen mit
5% Cr und 3% A1 sowie mit 6% Al und 4%
V," 2. Metallkd., Vo147, 1956, p 535-548
58Bag: Yu.A. Bagaryatskiy, G.I. Nosova, and
T.V. Tagunova, "Study of the Phase Diagrams
of the Alloys Titanium-Chromium, TitaniumTungsten, and Titanium-Chromium-Tungsten, Prepared by the Method of Powder
Metallurgy, Russ. J. Inorganic Chem.; TR:
Zh. Neorg. Khim., Vol 3 (No. 3), 1958, p
330-341
58Kor: 1.1. Komilov and R.S. Polyakov, Phase
Diagram of the Ternary Sytem Titanium-Niobium-Molybdenum, Russ. J. Inorganic
Chem., Tr. Zh. Neorg. Khim., Vol3 (No. 4),
1958, p 62-74
58Liv: B. G. Livshits and Ya.D. Khorin, "Study
of Equilibrium Phase Diagram of the System
Co-Cr-Ti," Russ. J. Inorganic Chem.;TR: Zh.
Neorg. Khim., Vo13 (No. 3), 1958, p 193-205
59Cla: J.W.H. Clare, "The Constitution of Aluminium-Rich Alloys of the Aluminium-Chromium-Manganese System," Tram.AIME, Vol
215,1959, p 429-433
61Eng: J.J. English, "Binary and Temary Phase
Diagrams of Niobium, Molybdenum and
. --.---. .-
Tungsten (1961)," Available as NTIS Document AD 257,739
61Far: P. Farrar and H. Margolin, "The Titanium Rich Region of the Titanium-Aluminium-Vanadium System," Trans. AIME,
V01221,1961, p 1214-1221
62Zak: E.K. Zakharov and B.G. Livshits,
"Phase Composition Diagram of the CobaltChromium-Titanium Ternary System," Russ.
Metall. Fuels, (No. S), 1962, p 88-97
63Sta: H.H. Stadelmaier and R.A. Gregg, "Die
Temare Phase Fez3C3B3 im Dreistoffsystem
EisenKohlenstoff-Bor," Metall. Berlin, Vol
17, 1 9 6 3 , 412-414
~
64Kus: J.B. Kusma and H. Nowotny, "Untersuchungen im Dreistoff: Mn-Al-Si,"
Monatsh. Chem., Vol95,1964, p 1266-1271
64Ste: I? Stecher, F. Benesovsky, and H.
Nowotny, "Untersuchungen im System
Chrom-Wolfram-Kohlenstoff,"Vol. 12, 1964,
p 89-95
65Kuz: Yu.B. Kuz'ma and T.F. Fedorov, "Phase
Equilibria in the System Molybdenum-Chromium-Carbon," Sov. Powder Metall. Met.
Ceram.; TR: Poroshk. Metall. Kiev, Vol 4,
1965, p 920-922
66Kie: R. Kieffer and H. Rassaerts, "Uber das
System Vanadium-Chrom-Kohlenstoff und
iiberden Einsatz von Vanadin- und Chromcarbiden in Hartmetallen, Teil I," Metall, Berlin,
Vol20, 1966, p 691-695
66Kos: W. Koster and T. Godecke, "Das Dreistoffsystem Kupfer-Mangan-Aluminium," Z.
Metallkd., Vol57, 1966, p 889-901
67Pta: W. Ptak and Z. Moser, "The Range of
Occurrence of Two Liquid Phases in Zn-SnCd-Pb Alloys," Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci.
Tech., Vol 15 (No. 9), 1967,p 809-815
70Han: R.C. Hansen and A. Raman, "Alloy
Chemistry of sigma (beta-U)-Related Phases.
III. sigma-Phases with Non-Transition Elements,"Z. Metallkd.,Vo161, 1970,p 115-120
70Kos: W. Koster and T. Godecke, "Das Dreistoffsystem Eisen-Aluminum-Zink," Z. Metallkd., Vol61, 1970, p 649-658
71Pre: A.P. Prevarskiy, "Investigation of FeCu-A1 Alloys," Russ. Metall.; TR: Izv. Akad.
Nauk SSSR, Metall., (No. 4), 1971 , p 154156
73Ben: R. Benz, J.F. Elliott, and J. Chipman,
"Thermodynamics of the Solid Phases in the
System Fe-Mn-C," Metall. Trans., Vol 4,
1973, p 1975-1986
73Bla: J.M. Blalock, Jc, J.V. Harding, andW.T.
Pell-Walpole, Metallography, Structures and
Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook,
8th ed., American Society for Metals, Metals,
Park, OH, 1973
73Bre: L. Brewer and S.-G. Chang, Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams,
Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American
Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH, 1973
73Dra: J.M. Drapier and D. Coutsouradis, Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams,
Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American
Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH 1973
73Lev: E.D. Levine, Metallography, Structures
and Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American Society for Metals,
Metals Park, OH 1973
73Mar: V.Ya. Markiv, V.V. Bumashova, and
V.R. Ryabov, "The Systems Titanium-IronAluminium, Titanium-Nickel-Aluminium,
and Titanium-Copper-Aluminium," Met. Allojizika, Kiev (Akad. Nauk Ukr. SSSR, Metallojiz., Vol46, 1973, p 103-109
73Pel: W.T. Pell-Walpole and C.T. Thwaites,
Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed.,
American Society for Metals, Metals Park,
OH 1973
73Smi: C.S. Smith and E.D. Levine, Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams,
Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American
Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH 1973
73Wil: L.A. Willey, Metallography, Structures
and Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American Society for Metals,
Metals Park, OH 1973
74Kau: L. Kaufman and H. Nesor, "Calculation
of Superalloy Phase Diagrams: Part I, " Metall. Trans., Vol5, 1974, p 1617-1621
75Kau: L. Kaufman and H. Nesor, "Calculation
of Superalloy Phase Diagrams: Part IV," Metall. Trans. A, Vol6, 1975, p 2123-2131
77Lev: V.I. Levanov, V.S. Mikheyev, and A.I.
Chemitysn, "Investigation of the Ti-Nb-W
System (Nb + W up to 50 wt.%)," Russ. Metall.; TR: Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met., (No. I),
1977, p 186-191
79Cha: Y.A. Chang, J.P. Neumann, A. Mikula,
and D. Goldberg, Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary CopperMetal Systems, INCRA Monograph VI,
International Copper Research Association,
1979
80Gry: V.I. Gryzunov and A S . Sagyndykov,
"Mutual Diffusion in the System Ti-Ni-Co,"
Phys. Met. Metallogr., Tr: Fiz. Met. Metalloved., Vol49 (No. 3 , 1 9 8 0 , p 178-182
80Loo: F.J.J. van Loo, G.F. Bastin, J.W.G.A.
Vrolijk, and J.J.M. Hendriks, "Phase Rela-
3@6O/TernaryAlloy Phase Diagrams
tions in the Systems Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-Co-Mo
and Ni-Co-Mo at 1100 T,"J. Less-Common
Met., Vol72,1980, p 225-230
8OMas: S.B. Maslenkov and E.A. Nikandrova,
"Examination of the Ni-Mo-W Phase Diagram," Russ. Metall., Tr: Izv. Akad. Nauk
SSSR, Met., (No. 2), 1980, p 184-187
81Zha: Jin Zhanpeng, "A Study of the Range
of Stability of sigma Phase in Some Ternary
Systems," Scand. J. Metall., Vol 10, 1981, p
279-287
83Gry: V.I. Gryzunov, G.V. Shcherbedinskiy,
Ye.M. Sokolovskaya,B.K. Aytbayev, and A.S.
Sagyndykov, "Kinetics of Phase Growth During Mutual Diffusion in Temary Multiphase
Metallic Systems," Phys. Met. Metallogr.;
TR: Fiz. Met. Metalloved., Vol 56 (No. I),
1983, p 183-186
84Ere: V.N. Eremenko, L.A. Tret 'yachenko,
S.B. Prima, and E.L. Semenova,"Constitution
Diagrams of Titanium-Nickel-Groups IV-VIII
Transition Metal Systems," Sov. Powder Metall. Met. Ceram.;TR: Poroshk. Metall. Kiev,
Vol23 (No. 8), 1984, p 613-621
84Gup: K.P. Gupta, S.B. Rajendraprasad,A.K.
Jena, and R.C. Sharma, "The Co-Mo-Ni System," Trans.Indian Inst. Met., Vol37 (No. 6),
1984, p 691-697
84Mir: D.B. Miracle, K.A. Lark, V. Srinivasan,
and H.A. Lipsitt, "Nickel-Aluminium-Molybdenum Phase Equilibria," Metall. Trans. A,
Vol 15,1984, p 481-486
85Mes: L.L. Meshkov, S.N. Nesterenko, and
T.V. Ishchenko, "Structural Features of Phase
Diagrams Formed by Molybdenum and Tungsten with Iron-Group Metals," Russ. Metall.;
TR: Izv.AkadNaukSSSR,Met., (No. 2 ) , 1985,
p 204-207
85Nas: P. Nash and W.W. Liang, Phase Equilibria in the Ni-Al-Ti System at 1173 K," Metall. Trans. A, Vol 16,1985, p 319-322
850ma: A.K. Omarov, S.V. Sejtzhanov, and
A.I. Idirisov, "Isothermal Sections of the Ternary System Al-Ni-Ti for the Temperature
Range 1150-600O C , " Izv. Akad. Nauk Kazakh.
SSSR, Khim, (No. I), 1985, p 36-42
850sa: K. Osamura, "The Pb-Sb-Sn (Lead-Antimony-Tin) System," Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams, Vo16 (No. 4), 1985, p 372-379
86Ere: V.N. Eremenko, T.Ja. Velikanova, and
A.A. Bondar, "The Ternary Phase Diagram
Cr-W-C System," Dop. Akad. Nauk Ukr.RSR,
A, Fiz.- Mat. Tekh., Vol48 (No. ll), 1986, p
74-78
86Mey: S.a. Mey and K. Hack, "A Therrnochemical Evaluation of the Silicon-Zinc,Aluminum-Silicon, and Aluminum-Silicon-Zinc
Systems," Z. Metallkd., Vol77 (No. 7), 1986,
p 454-459
86Pri: S.B. Prima, L.A. Tret'yachenko, and
V.N. Eremenko, "Investigation of Phase
Equilibria in the Ti-Ni-Mo System at 1200
T , " Russ. Metall.; TR: Izv. Akad. NaukSSSR,
Met., (No. 2), 1986, p 205-210
86Rag: V. Raghavan, "The Carbon-Iron-Silicon System," J.Alloy Phase Diagrams, India,
Vol2 (NO.2), 1986, p 97-107
87Ere: V.N. Eremenko, T.Ya. Velikanova, and
A.A. Bondar, "The Phase Diagram of the CrMo-C System, 11. Phase Equilibria in the Partial System Mo2C-Cr7C3-C," Sov. Powder
Metall. Met. Ceram., TR: Poroshk. Metall.
Kiev, Vol26 (No. 6), 1987, p 506-511
870fo: N.C. Oforka and C.W. Haworth, "Phase
Equilibria of Aluminum-Chromium-Nickel
System at 1423 K," Scand. J. Metall., Vol 16,
1987, p 184-188
87Rag: V. Raghavan, Phase Diagrams of Ternary Iron Alloys, The Indian Institute of Metals, Calcutta, India, (No. l), 1987
87Smi: S.V. Smirnova, L.L. Meshkov, and O.N.
Kosolapova, "Physicochemical Interaction
and Magnetic Properties on the Phases in the
Iron-Molybdenum-Niobium System," Moscow Univ. Chem. Bull., Tr: Vest. Mosk. Univ.
Khim., Vo142 (No. I), 1987, p 84-87
88Pet: G. Petzow and G. Effenberg, Ternary
Alloys, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim,
Germany, Vol 1, 1988
88Ray: G.V. Raynor and V.G. Rivlin, Phase
Equilibria in Iron Ternary Alloys, The Institute of Metals, London, (No. 4), 1988
88Rok: L.L. Rokhlin and A.G. Pepelyan,
"Phase Equilibria in the Mg-Rich Region of
the Mg-Al-Si System," Russ. Metall., Tr: Izv.
Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met., (No. 6), 1988, p
172-174
88Sim: C.J. Simensen,B.C. Oberliinder, J. Svalestuen, and A. Thornvaldsen, "The Phase
Diagram for Magnesium-Aluminum-Manganese Above 650 OC,"Z. Metallkd., Vol79 (No.
ll), 1988, p 696-699
89Har: K.C. Harikumar and V. Raghavan,
"BCC-FCC Equilibrium in Ternary Iron Alloys 11, "J.Alloy Phase Diagrams, India, Vol
5 (NO.2), 1989, p 77-96
90Gup: K.P. Gupta, Phase Diagrams of Ternary Nickel Alloys, Indian Institute of Metals,
Calcutta, (No. I), 1990
90Pri: A. Prince, G.V. Raynor, and D.S. Evans,
Phase Diagrams of Ternary Gold Alloys, The
Institute of Metals, London, 1990
Section 4
Appendix
4.3
Symbols for (he Chemical Elements .......................................................... ............................
Standad Atomic Weights of fie Elements (periodic chart) ......................................................4 . 4
Melting and Boilmg Points of the Elements at Atmospheric Pressure ...........................- .................. 4.5
Allotropic Transformationsof the Elements at Atmospheric Pressure........................................... 4.7
Magnetic Phase Transition Temperatures of the Elements .................................................................. 4.9
Clystal Stmcture and Lanice Parameten of Allotropes of the Metallic Elements .............................. 4.10
Crystal Structure Nomenclature, Arranged Alphabetically by Peanon Symbol Designation.............4.13
............................................... 4.17
Temperature Conversions (tables).,.,...........,,,.-.......................
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................4.19
GreekAlphabet ..................................................................................... - ...."....".." - ....-....---......-.'..4.19
-
3*59/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Ternary System References
1lPar: N. Parravano, "Das Tern* System Silber-Zinn-Blei," Z. Metallkd., Vol l , 191l , p
89-108
29Bau: 0 . Bauer and M. Hansen, "Der Einfluss
von dritten Metallen auf die Konstitution der
Messingle ierungen. I. Der Einfluss von Blei,"
Z. Metallkd., Vol21, 1929, p 190-196
36Kos: W. Koster and W. Dullenkopf, "Das
Dreistoffsystem
Aluminium-MagnesiumZink. 111. Der Teilbereich Mg-A13Mg4A12Mg3Zn3 -MgZnz-Mg," Z. Metallkd., Vol
28, 1936, p 363-367
BKos: W. Koster, U. Zwicker, and K. Moeller,
"Mikroskopische und rontgenographische
Untersuchungen zur Kenntnis des Systems
Kupfer-Nickel-Aluminium," Z. Metallkd.,
V0139,1948, p 225-231
BWil: F.H. Wilson, "The Copper-Rich Comer
of the Copper-Aluminum-Silicon Diagram,"
Trans. AIME, Vol 175,1948, p 262-273
51Lin: E. Linder, "Eine Methode zur Erforschung von Vierstoffsystemen Dargestellt am
System Blei-Zink-Kadmiurn-Zinn Z. Metallkd., Vol43, 195 1, p 377-387
52Das: D.K. Das, S.P. Rideout, and P.A. Beck,
"Intermediate Phases in the Mo-Fe-Co, MoFe-Ni, and Mo-Ni-Co Ternary Systems,"
Trans. AIME, Vol 194,1952, p 1071-1075
56Zwi: U. Zwicker, "Die Systeme Titan-Aluminium-Chrom und Titan-Aluminium-Vanadin und die technishcen Titanlegierungen mit
5% Cr und 3% A1 sowie mit 6% A1 und 4%
V," Z. Metallkd., Vo147, 1956, p 535-548
58Bag: Yu.A. Bagaryatskiy, G.I. Nosova, and
T.V. Tagunova, "Study of the Phase Diagrams
of the Alloys Titanium-Chromium, TitaniumTungsten, and Titanium-Chromium-Tungsten, Prepared by the Method of Powder
Metallurgy, Russ. J. Inorganic Chem.; TR:
Zh. Neorg. Khim., Vol 3 (No. 3), 1958, p
330-341
58Kor: 1.1. Kornilov and R.S. Polyakov, Phase
Diagram of the Ternary Sytem Titanium-Niobium-Molybdenum, Russ. J. Inorganic
Chem., Tr. Zh. Neorg. Khim., Vol 3 (No. 4),
1958, p 62-74
58Liv: B. G. Livshits and Ya.D. Khorin, "Study
of Equilibrium Phase Diagram of the System
Co-Cr-Ti," Russ. J. Inorganic Chem.;TR: Zh.
Neorg. Khim., Vol3 (No. 3), 1958, p 193-205
59Cla: J.W.H. Clare, "The Constitution of Aluminium-Rich Alloys of the Aluminium-Chromium-Manganese System," Trans.AIME, Vol
215,1959, p 429-433
61Eng: J.J. English, "Binary and Ternary Phase
Diagrams of Niobium, Molybdenum and
Tungsten (1961)," Available as NTIS Document AD 257,739
61Far: P. Farrar and H. Margolin, "The Titanium Rich Region of the Titanium-Aluminium-Vanadium System," Trans. AIME,
VOI 221,1961, p 1214-1221
62Zak: E.K. Zakharov and B.G. Livshits,
"Phase Composition Diagram of the CobaltChromium-Titanium Ternary System," Russ.
Metall. Fuels, (No. 5), 1962, p 88-97
63Sta: H.H. Stadelmaier and R.A. Gregg, "Die
Temare Phase Fe23C3B3im Dreistoffsystem
EisenKohlenstoff-Bor," Metall. Berlin, Vol
17,1963,~
412-414
64Kus: J.B. Kusma and H. Nowotny, "Untersuchungen im Dreistoff: Mn-Al-Si,"
Monatsh. Chem., Vol95,1964, p 1266-1271
64Ste: P. Stecher, F. Benesovsky, and H.
Nowotny, "Untersuchungen im System
Chrom-Wolfram-Kohlenstoff ,"Vol. 12,1964,
p 89-95
65Kuz: Yu.B. Kuz'ma and T.F. Fedorov, "Phase
Equilibria in the System Molybdenum-Chromium-Carbon," Sov. Powder Metall. Met.
Ceram.; TR: Poroshk. Metall. Kiev, Vol 4,
1965, p 920-922
66Kie: R. Kieffer and H. Rassaerts, " ~ b e das
r
System Vanadium-Chrom-Kohlenstoff und
iiber den Einsatz von Vanadin- und Chromcarbiden in Hartmetallen, Teil I," Metall, Berlin,
V0120, 1966, p 691-695
66Kos: W. Koster and T. Godecke, "Das Dreistoffsystem Kupfer-Mangan-Aluminium," Z.
Metallkd., Vol57, 1966, p 889-901
67Pta: W. Ptak and Z. Moser, "The Range of
Occurrence of Two Liquid Phases in Zn-SnCd-Pb Alloys," Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci.
Tech., Vol 15 (No. 9), 1967, p 809-815
70Han: R.C. Hansen and A. Raman, "Alloy
Chemistry of sigma (beta-U)-Related Phases.
111. sigma-Phases with Non-Transition Elements,"Z. Metallkd.,Vo161, 1970,p 115-120
70Kos: W. Koster and T. Godecke, "Das Dreistoffsystem Eisen-Aluminum-Zink," Z. Metallkd., Vol61, 1970, p 649-658
71Pre: A.P. Prevarskiy, "Investigation of FeCu-A1 Alloys," Russ. Metall.; TR: Izv. Akad.
Nauk SSSR, Metall., (No. 4), 1971 , p 154156
73Ben: R. Benz, J.F. Elliott, and J. Chipman,
"Thermodynamics of the Solid Phases in the
System Fe-Mn-C," Metall. Trans., Vol 4,
1973, p 1975-1986
73Bla: J.M. Blalock, Jr., J.V. Harding, and W.T.
Pell-Walpole, Metallography, Structures and
Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook,
8th ed., American Society for Metals, Metals,
Park, OH, 1973
73Bre: L. Brewer and S.-G. Chang, Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams,
Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American
Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH, 1973
73Dra: J.M. Drapier and D. Coutsouradis, Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams,
Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American
Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH 1973
73Lev: E.D. Levine, Metallography, Structures
and Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American Society for Metals,
Metals Park, OH 1973
73Mar: V.Ya. Markiv, V.V. Bumashova, and
V.R. Ryabov, "The Systems Titanium-lronAluminium, Titanium-Nickel-Aluminium,
and Titanium-Copper-Aluminium," Met. Allofizika, Kiev (Akad. Nauk Ukr. SSSR, Metallofiz., V0146,1973, p 103-109
73Pel: W.T. Pell-Walpole and C.T. Thwaites,
Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed.,
American Society for Metals, Metals Park,
OH 1973
73Smi: C.S. Smith and E.D. Levine, Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams,
Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American
Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH 1973
73Wil: L.A. Willey, Metallography, Structures
and Phase Diagrams, Vol 8, Metals Handbook, 8th ed., American Society for Metals,
Metals Park, OH 1973
74Kau: L. Kaufman and H. Nesor, "Calculation
of Superalloy Phase Diagrams: Part I, " Metall. Trans., Vol5, 1974, p 1617-1621
75Kau: L. Kaufman and H. Nesor, "Calculation
of Superalloy Phase Diagrams: Part IV," Metall. Trans. A, Vol6, 1975, p 2123-2131
77Lev: V.I. Levanov, V.S. Mikheyev, and A.I.
Chemitysn, "Investigation of the Ti-Nb-W
System (Nb + W up to 50 wt.%)," Russ. Metall.; TR: Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met., (No. I),
1 9 7 7 , ~186-191
79Cha: Y.A. Chang, J.P. Neumann, A. Mikula,
and D. Goldberg, Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary CopperMetal Systems, INCRA Monograph VI,
International Copper Research Association,
1979
80Gry: V.I. Gryzunov and A S . Sagyndykov,
"Mutual Diffusion in the System Ti-Ni-Co,"
Phys. Met. Metallogr., Tr: Fiz. Met. Metalloved., Vol49 (No. 5), 1980, p 178-182
80Loo: F.J.J. van Loo, G.F. Bastin, J.W.G.A.
Vrolijk, and J.J.M. Hendriks, "Phase Rela-
3*60/Ternary Alloy Phase Diagrams
tions in the Systems Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-Co-Mo
and Ni-Co-Mo at 1100 OC," J. Less-Common
Met., Vol72,1980, p 225-230
80Mas: S.B. Maslenkov and E.A. Nikandrova,
"Examination of the Ni-Mo-W Phase Diagram," Russ. Metall., Tr: Im. Akad. Nauk
SSSR, Met., (No. 2), 1980, p 184-187
81Zha: Jin Zhanpeng, "A Study of the Range
of Stability of sigma Phase in Some Ternary
Systems," Scand. J. Metall., Vol 10, 1981, p
279-287
83Gry: V.I. Gryzunov, G.V. Shcherbedinskiy,
Ye.M. Sokolovskaya,B.K. Aytbayev, andA.S.
Sagyndykov, "Kinetics of Phase Growth During Mutual Diffusion in Ternary Multiphase
Metallic Systems," Phys. Met. Metallogr.;
TR: Fiz. Met. Metalloved., Vol 56 (No. l),
1983, p 183-186
84Ere: V.N. Eremenko, L.A. Tret'yachenko,
S.B. Prima, andE.L. Semenova,"Constitution
Diagrams of Titanium-Nickel-GroupsIV-VIII
Transition Metal Systems," Sov. Powder Metall. Met. Ceram.; TR: Poroshk. Metall. Kiev,
Vol23 (No. 8), 1984, p 613-621
84Gup: K.P. Gupta, S.B. Rajendraprasad,A.K.
Jena, and R.C. Sharma, "The Co-Mo-Ni System," Trans.Indian Inst. Met., Vol37 (No. 6),
1984, p 691-697
84Mir: D.B. Miracle, K.A. Lark, V. Srinivasan,
and H.A. Lipsitt, "Nickel-Aluminium-Molybdenum Phase Equilibria," Metall. Trans. A,
Vol 15, 1984, p 481-486
85Mes: L.L. Meshkov, S.N. Nesterenko, and
T.V. Ishchenko, "Structural Features of Phase
Diagrams Formed by Molybdenum and Tungsten with Iron-Group Metals," Russ. Metall.;
TR:Im.AkadNaukSSSR,Met.,
(No. 2), 1985,
p 204-207
85Nas: P. Nash and W.W. Liang, Phase Equilibria in the Ni-Al-Ti System at 1173 K," Metall. Trans. A, Vol 16, 1985, p 319-322
850ma: A.K. Omarov, S.V. Sejtzhanov, and
A.I. Idirisov, "Isothermal Sections of the Ternary System Al-Ni-Ti for the Temperature
Range 1150-600OC,"Izv.Akad.Nauk Kazakh.
SSSR, Khim, (No. I), 1985, p 36-42
850sa: K. Osamura, "The Pb-Sb-Sn (Lead-Antimony-Tin) System," Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams, Vo16 (No. 4), 1985, p 372-379
86Ere: V.N. Eremenko, T.Ja. Velikanova, and
A.A. Bondar, "The Ternary Phase Diagram
Cr-W-C System," Dop. Akad. Nauk Ukr.RSR,
A, Fiz.- Mat. Tekh., Vol48 (No. 1l), 1986, p
74-78
86Mey: S.a. Mey and K. Hack, "A Thermochemical Evaluation of the Silicon-Zinc,Aluminum-Silicon, and Alurninum-Silicon-Zinc
Systems,"Z. Metallkd., Vol77 (No. 7), 1986,
p 454-459
86Pri: S.B. Prima, L.A. Tret'yachenko, and
V.N. Eremenko, "Investigation of Phase
Equilibria in the Ti-Ni-Mo System at 1200
"C," Russ. Metall.; TR: Im. Akad. NaukSSSR,
Met., (No. 2), 1986, p 205-210
86Rag: V. Raghavan, "The Carbon-Iron-Silicon System," J.Alloy Phase Diagrams, India,
V012 (NO.2), 1986, p 97-107
87Ere: V.N. Eremenko, T.Ya. Velikanova, and
A.A. Bondar, "The Phase Diagram of the CrMo-C System, 11. Phase Equilibria in the Partial System Mo2C-Cr7C3-C," Sov. Powder
Metall. Met. Ceram., TR: Poroshk. Metall.
Kiev, Vol26 (No. 6), 1987, p 506-511
870fo: N.C. Oforka and C.W. Haworth, "Phase
Equilibria of Alurninum-Chromium-Nickel
System at 1423 K," Scand. J. Metall., Vol 16,
1987, p 184-188
87Rag: V. Raghavan, Phase Diagrams of Ternary Iron Alloys, The Indian Institute of Metals, Calcutta, India. (No. I), 1987
87Smi: S.V. Smirnova,L.L. Meshkov, and O.N.
Kosolapova, "Physicochemical Interaction
and Magnetic Properties on the Phases in the
Iron-Molybdenum-Niobium System," Moscow Univ. Chem. Bull., Tr: Vest. Mosk. Univ.
Khim., Vol42 (No. I), 1987, p 84-87
88Pet: G. Petzow and G. Effenberg, Ternary
Alloys, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim,
Germany, Vol 1,1988
88Ray: G.V. Raynor and V.G. Rivlin, Phase
Equilibria in Iron Ternary Alloys, The Institute of Metals, London, (No. 4), 1988
88Rok: L.L. Rokhlin and A.G. Pepelyan,
"Phase Equilibria in the Mg-Rich Region of
the Mg-Al-Si System," Russ. Metall., Tr: Izv.
Akad. Nauk SSSR. Met., (No. 6), 1988, p
172-174
88Sim: C.J. Simensen,B.C. Oberknder, J. Svalestuen, and A. Thornvaldsen, "The Phase
Diagram for Magnesium-Aluminum-Manganese Above 650 "C,"Z.Metallkd., Vol79 (No.
ll), 1988, p 696-699
89Har: K.C. Harikumar and V. Raghavan,
"BCC-FCC Equilibrium in Ternary Iron Alloys 11, "J.Alloy Phase Diagrams, India, Vol
5 (No. 2), 1989, p 77-96
90Gup: K.P. Gupta, Phase Diagrams of Ternary Nickel Alloys, Indian Institute of Metals,
Calcutta, (No. I), 1990
90Pri: A. Prince, G.V. Raynor, and D.S. Evans,
Phase Diagrams oj'Ternary Gold Alloys, The
Institute of Metals, London, 1990
Section 4
Appendix
Symbols for the Chemical Elements ....................................................................................................
4.3
Standard Atomic Weights of the Elements (periodic chart) ................................................................. 4.4
Melting and Boiling Points of the Elements at Atmospheric Pressure ................................................ 4.5
Allotropic Transformations of the Elements at Atmospheric Pressure ................................................4.7
Magnetic Phase Transition Temperatures of the Elements ..................................................................
4.9
Crystal Structure and Lattice Parameters of Allotropes of the Metallic Elements .............................. 4.10
Crystal Structure Nomenclature. Arranged Alphabetically by Pearson Symbol Designation............. 4.13
Temperature Conversions (tables)........................................................................................................ 4.17
Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................... 4.19
Greek Alphabet ...................................................................................................................................
4.19
Symbols for the Chemical Elements
Actinium ................................ Ac
Aluminum .............................. Al
Americium ............................. Am
Antimony ............................... Sb
Argon ..................................... Ar
Arsenic ................................... As
Astatine .................................. At
Barium ................................... Ba
Berkelium ..............................Bk
Be
Beryllium ...............................
Bismuth ..................................Bi
B
Boron .....................................
Bromine .................................Br
Cadmium ................................Cd
Calcium ..................................Ca
Californium............................Cf
Carbon ................................... C
Cerium ................................... Ce
Cesium ...................................Cs
Chlorine ................................. C1
Chromium ..............................Cr
Cobalt .....................................Co
Columbium (Niobium) .......... Nb
Copper ....................................Cu
Curium ...................................Cm
Dysprosium ............................DY
Einsteinium ............................Es
Erbium ...................................Er
Europium ...............................Eu
Fermium ................................. Fm
Fluorine .................................. F
Francium ................................ Fr
Gadolinium ............................ Gd
Gallium .................................. Ga
Germanium ............................Ge
Gold ........................................
Au
Hahium ................................. Hf
Helium....................................
He
Ho
Holmium ................................
Hydrogen ...............................
H
Indium ....................................In
Iodine ..................................... I
Iridium ...................................Ir
Iron ......................................... Fe
Krypton .................................. Kr
Lanthanum ............................. La
Lawrencium ........................... Lr
Lead ........................................ Pb
Lithium ................................... Li
Lutetium ................................. Lu
Magnesium ............................Mg
Manganese ............................. Mn
Mendelevium ......................... Md
Mercury ..................................Hg
Molybdenum .......................... Mo
Neodymium ........................... Nd
Neon ....................................... Ne
Neptunium .............................NP
Nickel ..................................... Ni
Niobium ................................. Nb
Nitrogen ................................. N
Nobelium ............................... No
Osmium .................................. 0 s
Oxygen ...................................0
Palladium ............................... Pd
Phosphorus ............................. P
Platinum ................................. Pt
Plutonium ...............................Pu
Polonium ................................ Po
Potassium ............................... K
Praseodymium .......................
Pr
Promethium.. ........................
..Pm
Protactinium ........................... Pa
Radium ................................... Ra
Radon ................................... ..Rn
Rhenium ................................. Re
Rhodium ................................. Rh
Rubidium ...............................Rb
Ruthenium .............................. Ru
Samarium ...............................Sm
Scandium................................ Sc
Selenium ................................Se
Silicon .................................. ..Si
Silver ......................................Ag
Sodium ...................................Na
Strontium ............................... Sr
Sulfur ...................................... S
Tantalum .................................Ta
Technetium .............................Tc
Tellurium ................................Te
Terbium ................................ ..Tb
Thallium ............................... ..TI
Thorium .................................. Th
Thulium .................................. Tm
Tin .......................................... Sn
Titanium .................................Ti
Tungsten ................................. W
Uranium .................................U
Vanadium ...............................V
Xenon .....................................Xe
Ytterbium ............................... Yb
Yttrium. .................................. Y
Zinc ........................................ Zn
Zirconium ............................... Zr
Standard Atomic Weights of the Elements
Inert
Gases
He
2
4.002602
Key
Chemical symbol- )]-~~omk
1
11241
number
1-
Atomic weight
-
Transition Metals
/
V1 A
Cr
Lanthanide Metals
Ce 58
14012
\ Actinide
Metals
Pr
VII A
VIII A
2 4 Mn 2 5 Fe
59
140.9077
IX A
2 6 Co
27
Nd 6 0 Pm 6 1 Sm 62 Eu
144.24
(145)
150.36
6 3 Gd
151.96
64
157.25
Tb
6 5 Dy
158.9254
6 6 Ho
162.50
6 7 Er
164.9304
6 8 Tm 6 9 Yb
167.26
168.9342
7 0 Lu
173.04
71
174967
Melting and Boiling Points of the Elements at
Atmospheric Pressure
-.
.
Symbol
"C
Melting pomt
K
.
-
-
Errw
limits
- Ballng point
"C
K
1051
96 1.93
660.452
1176
-189.352(T.P.)
614(S.P.)
(302)
1064.43
2092
727
1289
271.442
1050
-7 .25(T.P.)
3827(S.P.)
842
321.108
798
900
-1 00.97(T.P.)
1345
1495
1863
28.39
1084.87
1412
1529
860
822
-219.67(T.P.)
1538
(1527)
(27)
(continued)
Melting point
Symbol
"C
K
Boiling point
Error
limits
"C
K
Note: T.P. = triple point; S.P.= sublimation point at atmospheric pressure. Measurements in parentheses are approximate. (a) +300. (b) There are various triple points . (c) Red P sublimes without
melting at atmosvheric mssure .
Allotropic Transformations of the Elements at
Atmospheric Pressure
Allotropic transformationofthechemical elements is discussed in the Introductionto Alloy Phase Diagrams. page 11. ofthis Handbook .
Element
Atomic
number
Transformation
47
13
95
L-s
LttS
L*Y
Temperature.
"C
Element
r-P
7 69
18
79
5
56
4
LwS
LttS
L-P
L-S
L-P
83
97
35
20
L-S
L-S
LctS
L-P
48
58
LttS
Ltt6
6-Y
P-a
P-a
r-P
P++a
98
L++P
17
96
L-S
L-P
27
L-a
24
55
29
66
LttS
L-S
LctS
L-P
P-a
P
.
r
awE
0 s .............................
P (white a ) .................
Pa ...............................
P-a
a tt a'
68
99
63
9
LttS
L-S
L-S
L-P
P-a
26
Ltt6
~
31
64
W
r*a
LHS
L-P
P-a
32
1
72
L-S
LttS
L-P
80
67
53
49
L-a
L-S
LttS
L-S
P-a
Y
Atomic
number
Ransformation
Temperature.
"C
2447
63.7 1
115.65 K
918
865
310
180.6
-193
1663
650
1246
1138
1loo
727
2623
63.146 K
35.61 K
97.8
-233
2469
1021
863
24.563 K (T.P.)
1455
639
576
280
54.361 K
43.801 K
23.867 K
3033
44.14
1572
1170
327.502
1555
1042
890
254
54
93 1
795
1769.0
640
483
463
320
215
125
39.48
3186
1963
-71
(continued)
Element
Atomic
number
Transformation
Temperature.
"C
Element
Atomic
number
Transformation
Temperature.
"C
1360
1670
882
304
230
1545
1135
776
668
1910
3422
161.918 (T.P.)
1522
1478
819
795
-3
419.58
1855
863
Note:
T.P.= mole mint.
Magnetic Phase Transition Temperatures of the
Elements
Magnetic phase transition, andotherhigher-order transitions of the chemical elements, is discussed in the Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams,page 1 1of
this Handbook.
Chemical
symbol
Atomic
number
Ce(b) ............
58
Allotrope
Phase
transition
temperature
(Td, K
Type of
magnetlc
ordering(a1
Phase
transition
temperature
(Tcz),K
5 p e of
magnet~c
ordering(a)
Phase
transition
temperature
(Tc~),K
Type of
magnetlc
ordering(a)
~aturati;"
magpetic
moment,
PB
P-dcph
13.7
AC?
12.5
AC?
...
...
2.61
y-fcc
14.4
AC?
...
...
...
...
Cm ............... 96
a-dcph
52
AC
...
...
...
...
...
Co ................
27
fcc
1388(1115 OC)
FM
...
...
...
...
1.715
Cr ................. 24
bcc
312.7(39.5 "C)
A1
...
...
...
...
0.45
66
a-cph
179.0
Al
89.0
FM
...
...
10.33
Dy ................
Er ................. 68
Al
53
AC
20.0
CF
9.1
c ~ h
85.0
Eu ................
63
bcc
90.4
AC
...
...
...
...
5.9
Fe(c) .............
26
a-kc
l W ( 7 7 1 OC)
FM
...
...
...
...
2.216
y-fcc
67
AC
...
...
...
...
0.75
Gd ................
64
a-cph
293.4(20.2 "C)
FM
...
...
...
...
0.75
Ho ................ 67
c ~ h
132.0
Al
20.0
CF
...
...
10.34
25
a-kc
100
AC
...
...
...
...
Mn ...............
(4
a-dcph
Nd ................ 60
19.9
Al
7.5
AC
...
...
1.84
Ni .................
28
fcc
627.4(354.2 "C)
...
...
...
...
0.616
FM
Prn ............... 61
a-dcph
98
...
...
...
...
0.24
FM?
Pr ................. 59
a-dcph
0.06
AC
...
...
...
...
0.36
Sm ...............
62
a-rhomb
106
...
...
0.1
h, A ( d
13.8
c,
Tb ................ 65
U-cph
230.0
A1
219.5
FM
...
...
9.34
Tm ...............
69
Al
40 to 32
FI
...
...
7.14
cph
58.0
(a) Type of magnetic ordering indicated by symbols in the table below and the chat? on the reverse side: FM = transition from paramagnetic to femmagnetc state, AC = transition to periodic
(antifemmagnetic) state that is commensurate with the lattice periodicity leg., spins on three atom layers directed up followed by three layers down. efc.), A1 = transition to periodic (antifemmagnetic)
state that is generally not commensurate with the lattice geriodicity (e.g., helical spin ordering), CF = transition to conical ferromagnetic state (combination of planar helical antifmomagnetic plus
ferromagneticcomponent),and FI = transition to ferromagneticperiodic structure (unequal number of up and down spin layers). (b) Ce exists in five crystal structures, two of which are magnetic ( ~ f c c :
and P-dcph). $e is estimated to be antifmomagnetic below 14.4 K by extrapolation from fcc Ce-La alloys. ( a c e does not exist in pure form below -100 K.) pCe is thought toexhibit antifemmagnetism
on the hexagonal lattice sites below 13.7 K and on the cubic sites below 12.5 K. (c) Magnetic measurements quoted in table for yFe are for fcc Fe precipitated in copper. (d) The magnetic momem
assignments of Mn are complex. (e) h, A; c, A = indicate that sites of hexagonal and cubic point symmetry order antiferromagneticaliy,but at different temperatures.
Source: J.J. Rhyne, BUN. Alloy Phase Diagram. 3(3),402 (1982).
Crystal Structures and Lattice Parameters of
~llotropesof the Metallic Elements
The crystal structure of the allotropic forms of the metallic elements are presented here in terms of the Pearson symbol, spacegroup, andprototype of the
structure. The temperatures of thephase transformations are listed indegrees Celsius and the pressures are inGPa. Aconsistentnomenclature is used, whereby
all allotropes are labeled by Greek letters. The lattice parameters of the unit cells are given in nanometers (nm)and are considered to be accurate* 2 in the last
reported digit. Both crystal structure and lattice parameters are discussedin the Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams,page 1.1 of this Handbook.
This compilationis restricted to changes
Low-temperature structures are included forthe diatomic andraregases, which show many similarities withrespect to the metallic elements.
Note that there may be differences betweenvalues quoted below and similar values givenin anothertable in this Handbook that has been reproduced from
another source. For example, the allotropic transformation temperatures of Mnmay differ by as much as 23 OC, etc.
m.
Element
Ac .................................
Ag ...............................
aAl ....................
.
.......
PA1................................
aAm .............................
pAm .............................
'IAm ..............................
6Am ..............................
a A I ...............................
As .................................
Au .................................
PB .................................
Temperature,
'C
Plesure,
CPa
atm
atm
am
>20.5
atm
atm
atm
>15
aBa.. .............................
ahn
atm
atm
atm
atm
p a................................
>5.33
>23
pBa ...............................
aBe ...............................
pBe ...............................
Be11...............................
aBi................................
pBi ................................
pi................................
6Bi ................................
CBi ................................
a B k ...............................
pBk ...............................
Br ..................................
C(graphite) ....................
C(diamond) ...................
a Ca,. .............................
pCa ...............................
$a,..
.............................
Cd .................................
a c e ...............................
pCe ...............................
$e ................................
6Ce ...............................
a'Ce ..............................
aCf ...............................
pcf.. ..............................
Cl ................................
aCm.. ............................
pcm ..............................
ECo ...............................
a C0...............................
aCr ...............................
a'Cr ..............................
a Cs ...............................
p c s ...............................
atm
atm
>28.3
atm
>2.6
>3.0
>4.3
>9.0
atm
atm
ahn
atm
>60
atm
atm
>1.5
atm
arm
atm
atm
atm
>5.4
atm
atm
atm
atm
am
atm
atm
atm
HP
atm
>2.37
Pearson
wmbol
Space
erou~
Prototwe
a
Lattice parameters, nm
6
c
Comment,
c/a, or
a or
FmJm
Fm3m
FmJm
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
FmJm
ImJm
Cmcm
FmJm
~3rn
FmJm
RJm
Im3m
P63lmmc
?
P63Immc
ImJm
&
C2/m
P2i/m
?
ImJm
P63/mmc
FmJm
Cmca
P63/mmc
Fdm
FmJm
ImJm
...
P63/mmc
FmJm
P63lmmc
FmJm
Im3m
Cmcm
P63/mmc
FmJm
Cmca
P63/mmc
FmJm
P63lmmc
FmJm
ImJm
I4lmmm
ImJm
FmJm
(continued)
Temperature,
Element
"C
p c s ..............................
*s ...........................
Cu .................................
a'Dy .............................
aDy ..............................
PDy ...............................
p y ...............................
Er ...............................
U E s ...............................
PEs ................................
Eu .................................
a F ........................
..
PF ............................
uFe ...............................
yFe ................................
6Fe .........................
.
...
E F.......................
~
.
.
...
a G a ...............................
PGa ...............................
p a . . ...................
... .....
a G d .....................
..
PGd.. .............................
p d ...............................
a G e ...............................
PGe ............................
p e . . ..................
.
.......
M;e ...............................
.
.
.
.
UH
................................
p%. ...............................
He4 ..............................
He ...............................
aHf ...............................
PHf ...............................
a H g ..............................
PHg ...............................
a H o ..............................
OH0 ...............................
I ....................................
In. ...................
.
.....,,...
Ir ........................... .
...
K ...................................
Kr ..................................
uLa .................
.
.....,,..
PLa ...............................
yLa ................................
P'La ............................
uLi ................................
PLi ................................
Lu ...............................
Mg ................................
a M n ..............................
pMn ..............................
yMn ...............................
6Mn ...........................
Mo ..................
.
......,..
a N ................................
PN .................................
yN .................................
aNa ....................
. . . ...
PNa ...............................
Nb .................................
aNd ..............................
PNd ...............................
yNd ........................... ..
Ne ......................
.
.
.....
Ni ....................
. . . .......
a N p ..............................
PNp ...............................
yNp ...............................
a0 ................................
po .................................
p .................................
0 s .................................
@(white) ......................
P(black). ........................
a P a ...............................
pPa.. ..............................
@b ...............................
PPb ...............................
Pd ........................ .
.
.
..
aPm ..............................
Pressure,
GPa
>4.22
>4.27
atrn
atm
atm
atm
>7.5
atm
atm
atm
atm
atrn
atm
atm
atm
atm
>13
atrn
>1.2
>3.0
atm
atm
73.0
atm
>12
>I2 + a m
>12
atm
atrn
0.163
0.129
atm
atm
atm
HP
atm
>7.5
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
22.0
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
>3.3
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
>5.0
atm
atm
atrn
atm
atm
atm
atrn
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
>10.3
atm
atm
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
Lattice parameters, nm
Proto-
type
a
b
c
Comment,
el=, or
aorg
Fmsm
F&
Cmcm
P6gmmc
ImJm
R3m
P6gmmc
P6gmmc
~mJm
Im3m
c2/c
Pm3n
1m5m
Fm3m
Im5m
Pbgmmc
Cmca
I4lmmrn
Cmm
P6gmmc
1m3m
RTm
Fdsm
14~lamd
P41_212
Im3m
Fmsm
P6gmmc
P6gmmc
P6gmmc
P6gmmc
Im3m
R3m
I4lmmm
P6gmmc
R3m
Cmca
I 4 I F
Fmjm
Im3m
FmJm
P6gmmc
Fm3m
ImLm
Fm3m
Pbgmmc
Im5m
P6gmmc
P6gmmc
IZ3m
P4g2
Fm3m
Imzm
Im3m
Pa3
P6gmmc
P421mnm
P63/mmc
Im2m
Im3m
P6@mc
Im3m
~msm
Fm2m
Fm3m
Pnma
P4112
Im3m
C2m
R3y
Pm3n
P69mmc
...
Cmca
I4Ilynm
Imtm
Fm3m
P63/mmc
Fm3m
P6gmmc
(continued)
--
---
.
4.1 2lAppendix
Element
Temperature,
"C
pPm ..............................
aP0 ...............................
ppo ...............................
aFJr................................
ppr ................................
rpr.................................
Pt. ..................................
aPu ...............................
ppu ...............................
p u ................................
6Pu.. .............................
6'Pu.. .............................
EPU................................
Ra .................................
aRb...............................
PRb ...............................
p b . . ..............................
Re .................................
Rh .................................
Ru .................................
a S .................................
ps .................................
a S b .............................
PSb .....................
.....
ySb .............................
6Sb.. ..............................
aSc ...............................
psc.. ..............................
ySe ................................
aSi ................................
psi ................................
P i .................................
6Si .................................
aSm ..............................
psm ..............................
ySm ...............................
6Sm...............................
aSn ...............................
pSn ...............................
ySn ................................
aSr ................................
pSr ................................
FSr ...............................
Ta ..................................
a T b ..............
.... ..........
a'Tb ............................
PTb ......................
.
...
yrb... ............................
Tc ..................................
aTe ...............................
PTe ................................
p e ................................
aTh ...............................
PTh ...............................
aTi ................................
pli ................................
oTi................
.
.
..........
aT1.. ............................
pn ...............................
yrl .................................
Tm ................................
a U ................................
pu .................................
w .................................
W ..................................
Xe .................................
a Y ................................
pY ..............................
a Y b ....................
.
pYb ...............................
f i b ...............................
Zn .................................
aZr ................................
pi3 ................................
wZr ...............................
Note: Values in parentheses are estimated.
Presure,
CPa
a m
a m
atm
a m
atm
>4.0
a m
atm
a m
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
> 1.08
>2.05
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
>5.0
>7.5
>14.0
a m
atm
atm
atm
>9.5
>16.0
>16 -t atm
atm
a m
a m
>4.0
atm
atm
>9.0
atm
atm
>3.5
atm
atm
atm
a m
>6.0
atm
a m
>2.0
>7.0
atm
atm
atm
atm
HP -t atm
atm
atm
HP
a m
a m
a m
a m
a m
a m
atm
atm
atm
atm
atm
a m
a m
a m
atm
HP+m
Pearson
symbol
Space
WOUP
ImSm
PmSm
R3m
P63Immc
ImSm
FmSm
Fm3m
P2dm
C2/m
Faiid
FmJm
I41mmm
Im3m
Im3m
ImSm
...
...
P63/mmc
FmSm
P6jImmc
Fddd
P2 1lc
R5m
PmSm
P631mmc
?
P63Immc
ImSm
P3121
~d3m
I4 llamd
Im5m
P631mmc
R3m
P63/mmc
Im3m
P6glmmc
F&m
I4 llamd
?
FmTm
ImSm
Im5m
ImSm
Cmcm
P63/mmc
ImSm
RSm
P63/mmc
P3121
R3m
~3rn
FmJm
Im3m
P63lmmc
ImSm
P6lmmm
P63/mmc
ImSm
FmSm
P63/mmc
Cmcm
P42/mnm
Im3m
Im3m
Im3m
FmSm
Pbdmmc
ImSm
P63/mmc
FmSm
Im3m
P631mmc
P631mmc
ImSm
P6lmmm
Prototype
a
Lattice parameters, nm
b
c
Comment,
c/o, or
aorg
Crystal Structure Nomenclature
The various designation sy stems fordescrib-
structure are discussed in the Introductionto Alloy PhaxDhgmms. page 1 1 of this Handbook .
Arranged Alphabetically by Pearson-Symbol Designation
Pearson
symbol
Prototype
Cu
C(diamond)
NaCl
ZnS(sphalerite)
CaFz
MgAgAs
AICumn
BiF3
NaTl
AuBeg
SiOz(P cristobalite)
Cu2Mg
CuPt3
uB12
A12Mg04
c03s4
Cogs8
SWg(senmontite)
Strukturberich!
deslgnat~on
Space
VOUP
Pearson
symbol
Prototype
Fm5m
dm
FmJm
F33m
FmJm
F33m
Fmgm
Fm3m
Fdm
FZ3m
dm
Fdrn
Fm3c
Fm3m
Fdm
~d3m
Fm3m
~d3m
~dgm
Fm%
FmJm
Fmqm
Im5m
I213
IS3d
Imz
Im3m
A3d
I33m
Im5m
Im7m
IS3m
I43d
la5
la5
Im?
Pm2m
Pm3m
Pmsm
Pm3m
Pmzm
Pm3m
PS3m
PnTm
Pm3m
PmJn
P213
PT3m
Pa3
P213
P4132
PmJm
Pm5
Pa3m
P6lmmm
P6glmmc
CaSi2
NiS
Strukturberich!
deslgnatton
Space
group
P6m2
P6lmmm
P5m l
P6dmmc
P6gmmc
P3121
P6ymmc
P6gmmc
P6gmmc
Pbdmmc
P6wc
P5m1
P7m1
P6lmmm
P6/mmm
P61mrnm
P3121
P6gmmc
Pbdmmc
P6dmmc
P6dmmc
P6dmmc
P6222
P62m
P7
P6222
P6dmmc
P6dmmc
Pbdmmc
P631mmc
P6ymmc
P6Vmcm
P6dmmc
P63mc
P62m
P6222
P6wc
P6ym
P63cm
P6ymmc
P63/n2mc
R5m
R3m
R7m
RTm
R3m
RTm
R32
RTm
R3m
R7m
R7m
R5c
R5m
(continuedl
Arranged Alphabetically by Pearson-Symbol Designation (continued)
Slruktur-
Pearson
symbol
Prototype
bericht
designation
B4C
CrgAlg
Space
group
Dl8
0810
,511
c34
826
cum
AuTe2(calaverite)
cuo
ThC2
8Ni3Snq
FeKS2
AgAuTeq
zr02
AszS3
Cd19
FeAsS
ASS
Pse
aSe
aU
CaSi
aGa
CrB
I2
P(b1ack)
ZrSiz
BRe3
PdSn4
PdSn2
~ 1 6 m
TiSi2
Mn4B
cum2
GeS2
aS
SiS2
Ta3B4
AlqU
GazMgs
AuCd
FeS2(marcasite)
CaC12
RTm
R3m
R3m
c2/m
C2/c
C21c
C2/m
C2/c
P2/c
P21/c
P21/c
P21/c
P21Ic
P211c
P2dc
P21/c
Cmcm
Cmmc
Cmca
cmcm
Cmca
Cmca
Cmcm
Cmcm
Aba2
Aba2
Cmcm
Fa'dd
Fddd
Fa'dd
Fdd2
Fddd
Ibam
Immm
Imma
Ibam
Pmma
Pnnm
Pnnm
Pnma
Pbnm
Pmmn
Pnma
Pnma
Pmcn
Pnma
Pnma
Pnma
Pbnm
Pmnb
Pnma
Pmmn
P421m
Pbca
c,
D7a
F5a
Elb
c43
D5f
D8d
E07
BI
A/
Ak
A20
Bc
All
Bf
A14
A17
c49
Ela
Dlc
ce
D2h
C54
D4
cb
C44
A16
C42
076
Dlb
D8,
B19
C18
C35
Ac
Bd
DOa
827
B16
B29
8 31
Brn
C23
C37
C28
0020
DOd
0017
Be
~NP
qN1Si
PCu3Ti
FeB
GeS
SnS
MnP
TiB
CozSi
Co2Si
HgCh
A13Ni
AsMn3
Bas3
CdSb
Pearson
symbol
Prototype
of16 (continued) ........
Strukturhericht
designation
cc
Pnma
Pnma
Pnma
Pnma
Pma2
Pnma
Pbca
Pccn
Pnma
I4/mmm
I4/mmm
I4 llamd
I4/mmm
I32m
I4/mmm
I4/mmm
I4/mmm
I4/mmm
14/m
I4lmcm
I4llamd
E3
0023
El I
D@
BR
DOC
B37
028
D2b
D2
D81
DO,
D8m
Llo
L2a
Ad
L63
Bll
B10
B17
C38
EOI
c4
Dld
D5a
834
Dle
Ab
086
E9n
D59
Ax
I4/mmm
132d
I4lmcm
I4llamd
I4/mcm
14/mcm
I4lmmm
I4/mmm
I4/mcm
I4/mcm
I3
I4Imcm
P4/mmm
P4/mmm
P4212
P4/mmm
P4Inmm
P4/nmm
P4gmmc
P4/nmm
P4/nmm
P4gmnm
P4/nbm
P4/mbm
P42/m
P4/mbm
P4gmnm
P42/mnm
P4/mnc
P4gnrnc
P4gnnm
F56
DOII
D510
D5s
C46
E9e
c 21
0511
Dl01
Ao
A6
A5
C11,
~2~
Cl lb
L'2b
DO22
Dl3
Dl,
C16
of20 ...........................
o f 2 4 ...........................
Space
group
m
Arranged Alphabetically by Strukturbericht Designation
Strukturbericht
designation
A, .............................
A b .............................
A,. .............................
Ad .............................
Af ..............................
Ag .............................
Ah .............................
Ai ..............................
Prototype
aPa
Pu
~ N P
PNP
H~SWIO
YB
aPo
Pp0
Pearson
S
P
t12
tP30
oP8
tP4
hP 1
tP50
CP1
hR 1
~
Space
group
I4lmmm
P421mnm
Pnma
P4212
P 6 / m
P42/nnm
Pm3m
R5m
Strukturbericht
designation
A k. .............................
Al ..............................
A 1 .............................
A2 .............................
A3 .............................
A3' ............................
A4 .............................
Prototype
aSe
pse
Cu
W
Mg
aLa
C(diamond)
Pearson
symbol
Space
group
mP64
mP32
cF4
cI2
hP2
hP4
cF8
(continued)
Arranged Alphabetically by Strukturbericht Designation (continued)
Strukturbericht
designation
Pearsun
symbol
Prototype
A5 .............................
A6 ...........................
A7 .............................
A8 ...........................
A9 .............................
A 10 ........................
A l l ............................
A12 ..........................
A13 .........................
A14 ...........................
A15 ...........................
A16 ...........................
A17 .........................
A 20 ...........................
B ............................
B b .............................
B ............................
Bd .............................
B e.............................
,.
.........................
::::.........................
h .............................
Bi ..............................
Bk ............................
B 1 .............................
Bm ......................... ....
B I ............................
B2 .............................
8 3 ...........................
B4 .............................
881..........................
B82........................
B9 .............................
B 10 .........................
B11 ............................
813 ..................... ...
B16 ...........................
8 17 ...........................
818 ...........................
B19 ...........................
8 2 0 ..................
. . . ...
626 ...........................
827 ..........................
B29 ...........................
B3 1 ...........................
832 ...........................
B34 ...........................
B35 ...........................
837 ...........................
I 4 llamd
lymmrn
R3m
P3121
Pfjgjmrnc
R3m
Cmca
1Z3m
P4132
Cms
Pm3n
Fddd
Cmm
Cmtm
1213
P3
Cmmc
Phnm
Pbca
Cmcm
I 4 llamd
~ 6 ~
P6glmmc
P6glmmc.
P211c
P n ~ a
Fm2m
Pm3m
F43m
P6gmc
P6glmmc
P6glmmc.
P3121
P4Inmm
P4/nmm
RTm
Pnma
P4dmmc
P6glmmc
Pmma
P213
C2Ic
Pnma
Pmcn
Pnma
~dSm
P4dm
P6/mmm
I4lmcm
P6222
Fddd
14 llamd
Aha2
C2/c
P61mmm
P6drnmc
Fm3m
F43m
Pa:
Pn3m
P4?jmnm
PTm l
P6g/mmc
P6222
Fd3m
P6glmmc
I4lmmm
14lmmm
R3m
P6g/mmc
Fgm
F43m
14In1cm
Pnnm
R%I
Phca
P62m
Pnma
Pmnh
P6Immm
R3m
C2/m
Pnnm
PSn
In
clAs
ySe
C(graphite)
aHg
dia
aMn
PMn
12
CrgSi
as
P(black)
aU
cou
r w n
CaSi
11NiSi
CdSb
CrB
ASS
TiB
NaCl
CsCl
ZnS(sphalerite)
ZnS(wurtzite)
NiAs
...
CUT~
NiS
GeS
PtS
CllS
...
AuCd
FeSi
cuo
FeB
SnS
MnP
NaTl
PdS
ca.............................
c b .............................
Ce .........................
C, .............................
..
2 .............................
.............................
h
ck .............................
C1 .............................
c l b ...........................
C2 ...........................
C3 ..........................
c 4 .............................
C6 ...........................
C7 .............................
C8 .............................
C9 ...........................
CIO ........................... Si02(a tridymite)
C1la ..........................
c l l b .......................
C12 ...........................
C14 ...........................
CIS .......................
c15b .........................
C16 ...........................
C18 ...........................
C19 ...........................
C2 1 ..........................
C22 ...........................
C23 ...........................
C28 ....................... ....
C32 ...........................
C33 .........................
C34 ...........................
C35 ...........................
..
.. .
. ..
.
..-...
.
"-
....
Strukturbericht
designation
Space
group
C36 .........................
C37 ....................... ....
c 3 8 ...........................
C40 ...........................
C42 ...........................
C43 ....................... ....
C44 ...........................
2
C46 ...........................
c 4 9 ...........................
c 5 4 .........................
DOa ...........................
DO. ...........................
Do; .........................
DOd ..........................
DO. ........................
DO2 ...........................
DO3 ...........................
Do9 ...........................
DO1 1 .........................
DO17 .........................
DO18 .......................
DO19 .........................
DO20 .........................
DO21 .........................
DO22 .........................
0023 .........................
0024 .........................
D l , ...........................
D l h ........................
D 1 ...........................
D l d ...........................
D 1, ...........................
D 1f............................
,.
;$ ........................
...........................
3
D2h ...........................
Prototype
Pearsun
symbol
hP24
up12
tP6
hP9
0112
mP12
oF72
oP24
oC12
oF24
oP8
t116
1/16
oP16
1132
el3 2
cF16
cP4
of16
oPl6
hP8
hP8
oP 16
hP24
t18
1116
hP16
Ill0
0120
a 0
tPl0
tP20
oF40
hR15
Ill 0
t12 6
tI28
hP6
cP36
cF52
t118
oC28
cP7
cF112
tPl0
hPlO
el40
hR5
mP20
hRl0
hP5
,180
$80
oP20
tP40
oP20
oP20
hP5
mC14
0114
hR7
cF56
d28
cF116
tP30
cP39
mP22
c11 62
(140
0128
hP14
hR7
hP20
t13 2
1132
d 52
d 52
cP52
cF116
hR13
el7 6
Space
group
P6jlmmc
Phnm
P4/nmm
P6222
lbam
p211c
Fdd2
Pma2
Cmcm
Fddd
Pmmn
14lmcm
I4/mcm
cmmn
14.
Im 3Fm3m
Pm3m
Pnma
P42 lm
P6glmmc
Pbglmmc
Pnma
P6gcm
I4lmmm
14lmmm
P6glmmc
141m
lmma
Aha2
P4lnbm
P4lmhm
F&id
R3m
14/mmm
14lmmm
14/mcm
P6lmrnm
Pm3m
Fm3m
I4/mmm
Cm~m
Pm3m
Fm3c
P41mbm
Pbglmmc
A3d
R32
P21/c
Rzc
P3_m1
la?
Fd3m
Pnma
P4dnmc
Pnma
Pccn
P3m1
C2/m
Itpmm
R3m
F_d3m
1436
Fm3m
P4gmnm
Pm3
P21/c
Im?
1m3m
lbam
Pbglmmc
RTm
p631m
14lmcm
I4lmcm
1m3m
I$m
P43m
Fm3m
R_3m
143d
(continued)
1
.
4 6lAppendix
Arranged Alphabetically by Strukturbericht Designation (continued)
Strukturbericht
desienation
Prototme
Pearson
snnbol
Space
erou~
P63lmcm
FmTm
R3m
P63/mmc
Pnma
P6gmc
P63Immc
P4/nmm
P211c
Cmcm
P_/c
14%
Pm3m
A
P4/mnc
P62m
Ia3
Pnma
P63Immc
FAm
Strukturbericht
desienation
Prototwe
Pearson
svmbol
Space
WOUD
P6gmc
C2Ic
P213
R3m
Pnma
~&rn
@3m
142m
FmTm
Pm3m
I4/mmm
P6glmmc
Fm3c
P4lmmm
~ 3 m
PmSm
P4/mmm
Fm3m
ImTm
P4/mmm
Temperature Conversions
'Ihe general arrangement of this table was devised by Sauveur and Boylston more than 40 years ago. The middle column of figures (in boldface type)
contains the readings (OFor OC)to be converted.If converting from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius. read the Celsius equivalent in the column headed
"C".If converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit, read the Fahrenheit equivalent in the column headed "F".
Temperature Conversions (continued)
Appendix/4* 19
Abbreviations
gas .......................................... G
Gibbs energy ..........................G
gigapascal. .............................. GPa
greater than ............................>
heat capacity ..........................C
heat energy
Q
-.............................. high temperature ....................HT
increment (finite) ................... 6
increment (infinitesimally
small) ......................................A
interaxial angle .......................A, B, I-'
internal energy ....................... E
Kelvin ..................................... K
kilobar .................................... kbar
kilopascal ............................... kPa
less than .................................. <
liquid ......................................L
low temperature .....................LT
antiphase structure ................. APS
atomic percent .......................at.%
body-centered cubic .............. bcc
body-centered tetragonal. ......bct
boiling point ...........................B.P.
Celsius ...................................."C
close-packed hexagonal ........ cph
components ............................c
composition ...........................X
Curie temperature .................. TC
degree (Angular).................... "
degrees of freedom ................f
differential ..............................d
edge length ............................. a&
enthalpy .................................. H
entropy ................................... S
face-centered cubic ................ fcc
Fahrenheit ..............................OF
megapascal
........................... ..MPa
melting point ..........................M.P.
metallic element ................... ..M
nanometer. ............................ ..nm
percent ....................................%
pressure ..................................P
room temperature. ..................RT
solid ...................................... ..S
stable phases ........................... P
sublimation point ...................S.P.
temperature .............................T
transformation temperature ...A
triple point .............................. T.P.
unknown ....................................
volume .................................... V
weight percent ........................wt.%
work energy ............................W
A
Greek Alphabet
Greek
letter
Name
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Epsilon
Zeta
Eta
Theta
English
equivalent
Creek
letter
Name
Iota
Kappa
Lambda
Mu
Nu
Xi
Omicron
Pi
English
equivalent
Greek
letter
Name
Rho
Sigma
Tau
Upsilon
Phi
Chi
Psi
Omega
English
equivalent
Alloys Index
Ag-A1.......................................................... 2.25
Ag-AS......................................................... 2.25
Ag-AU........................................................ 2.25
Ag-Au-Cu................................................. 3.5
Ag-Be ......................................................... 2.26
Ag-Bi ......................................................... 2.26
Ag-Ca ......................................................... 2.26
Ag-Cd ....................................................... 2.27
Ag-Cd-CU.................................................. 305.6
Ag-Cd-Zn .................................................. 3.6.7
Ag-Ce ......................................................... 2.27
Ag-CO......................................................... 2.27
Ag-CU......................................................... 2.28
Ag-Cu-Zn ..................................................... 3.7
Ag-Dy ......................................................... 2.28
Ag-Er .......................................................... 2.28
Ag-Eu ........................................................ 2.29
Ag-Fe
............
2.29
Ag-Ga .................................... .................2.29
Ag-Gd........................................................ 2.30
Ag-Ge ......................................................... 2.30
Ag-Hg ......................................................... 2.30
Ag-Ho ......................................................... 2.3 1
Ag-In .......................................................... 2.31
Ag-La ......................................................... 2.3 1
Ag-Li ......................................................... 2.32
Ag-Mg ........................................................ 2.32
Ag-MO........................................................ 2.32
Ag-Na ......................................................... 2.33
Ag-Nd ........................................................ 2.33
Ag-Ni.......................................................... 2.33
Ag-P ........................................................... 2.34
Ag-Pb ......................................................... 2.34
Ag-Pb-Sn................................................... 307-8
Ag-Pd ......................................................... 2.34
Ag-Pr .......................................................... 2-35
Ag-Pt .......................................................... 2.35
Ag-S ........................................................... 2.35
Ag-Sb ......................................................... 2.35
Ag-SC.......................................................... 2.36
Ag-Se .......................................................... 2.36
Ag-Si .................................................... 2.37
Ag-Sm ........................................................ 2.37
Ag-Sn ......................................................... 2.37
Ag-Sr .......................................................... 2.38
Ag-Te ......................................................... 2.38
Ag-Ti .......................................................... 2.38
Ag-TI ...................................................... 2.39
Ag-Y ........................................................... 2.39
Ag-Yb ........................................................ 2.39
Ag-Zn ......................................................... 2.40
Ag-Zr ................................................... 2.40
AI-As .......................................................... 2.40
Al-AU........................................................ 2.41
AI-Ba .......................................................... 2.41
AI-Be .......................................................... 2.41
AI-Bi ........................................................... 2.42
AI-Ca .......................................................... 2.42
Al-Cd ....................................................... 2-42
AI-Ce .......................................................... 2.43
AI-Co .......................................................... 2.43
AI-Cr ....................................................... 2.43
Al-Cr-Fe ....................................................... 3.8
Al-Cr-Mg ................................................... 308-9
Al-Cr-Mn ...................................................... 3.9
Al-Cr-Ni ....................................................... 3.9
Al-Cr-Ti ........................................................ 3.9
A1-Cu ........................................................ 2.44
Al-Cu-Fe .................................................. 3.9- 10
Al-Cu-Mn .............................................. 3 1 0 - 1
Al-Cu-Ni ................................................ 3 11- 12
Al-Cu-Si ..................................................... 3.12
Al-Cu-Zn ............................................... 3a 12- 13
AI-Er ........................................................... 2.44
AI-Fe ........................................................... 2.44
Al-Fe-Mn ............................................... 3 13-14
Al-Fe-Ni ................................................ 3014-15
Al-Fe-Si ................................................. 3015-16
Al-Fe-Zn ..................................................... 3.16
AI-Ga .......................................................... 2.45
AI-Gd .......................................................... 2.45
AI-Ge .......................................................... 2.45
A1-H ............................................................ 2.46
AI-Hg .......................................................... 2.46
Al-HO.......................................................... 2.46
Al-In ............................................................ 2.47
AI-La........................................................... 2.47
Al-Li ........................................................... 2.47
A1-Mg ......................................................... 2.48
Al-Mg-Mn .................................................. 3.17
Al-Mg-Si................................................ 3 17-18
Al-Mg-Zn ............................................. 3 18- 19
AI-Mn ......................................................... 2.48
Al-Mn-Si..................................................... 3- 19
Al-Mo-Ni .................................................... 3.20
Al-Mo-Ti .................................................... 3.20
A1-Nb ...................................................... 2.48
AI-Nd .......................................................... 2.49
A1-Ni .................................................... 2.49
Al-Ni-Ti ................................................. 3-20-21
AI-Pb ........................................................... 2.49
Al-Pd ........................................................... 2.50
AI-Pr ........................................................... 2.50
AI-Pt ............................................................ 2.50
A1-S ............................................................. 2.51
AI-Sb....................................................... 2.51
AI-Se ........................................................... 2.5 1
AI-Si ............................................................ 2.52
Al-Si-Zn ................................................. 3.2 1-22
Al-Sn ........................................................... 2.52
AI-Sr ......................................................... 2.52
AI-Ta ...........................................................2.53
A1-Te........................................................... 2.53
AI-Th .......................................................... 2.53
AI-Ti ........................................................... 2.54
A1-Ti-V ....................................................... 3.22
AI-U ............................................................ 2.54
Al-V ............................................................ 2.54
AI-W ...........................................................2.55
AI-Y ............................................................ 2.55
Al-Yb .......................................................... 2.55
Al-Zn ........................................................... 2.56
Al-Zr ........................................................... 2.56
As-Au ..........................................................2.56
As-Bi ........................................................... 2.57
AS-Cd.......................................................... 2.57
AS-CO.......................................................... 2.58
As-Cu .......................................................... 2.58
As-Fe ........................................................... 2.58
As-Ga .......................................................... 2-59
As-Ge .......................................................... 2.59
As-In ........................................................... 2.59
As-K ............................................................ 2.60
As-Mn ......................................................... 2.60
As-Nd .......................................................... 2.a
As-Ni ........................................................... 2.61
As-P............................................................. 2.61
As-Pb........................................................... 2.61
AS-Pd........................................................... 2.62
As-S ............................................................. 2.62
As-Sb........................................................... 2.62
As-Se ........................................................... 2-63
As-Si ........................................................... 2.63
As-Sn ........................................................... 2.63
As-Te........................................................... 2.64
AS-TI ........................................................... 2.64
AS-Yb.......................................................... 2.64
As-Zn .......................................................... 2.65
Au-Be .......................................................... 2.65
Au-Bi ........................................................... 2.65
Au-Ca .......................................................... 2.66
AU-Cd.......................................................... 2.66
Au-Ce .......................................................... 2.67
AU-CO.......................................................... 2.67
Au-Cr .......................................................... 2.67
AU-Cu.......................................................... 2.68
Au-Cu-Ni ........................................... 3022.23
Au-Dy ......................................................... 2-68
AU-Eu.......................................................... 2-68
Au-Fe .......................................................... 2.69
Au-Ga .......................................................... 2-69
Au-Ge .......................................................... 2.69
Au-Hg ......................................................... 2.70
Au-In ........................................................... 2.70
AU-K........................................................... 2.70
Au-La .......................................................... 2.71
Au-Li ........................................................... 2.71
AU-Mg......................................................... 2.71
Au-Mn ......................................................... 2.72
Au-Na .......................................................... 2.72
Au-Nb ......................................................... 2.73
Au-Ni .......................................................... 2-73
AU-Pb.......................................................... 2.73
AU-Pd.......................................................... 2.74
Au-Pr ........................................................... 2.74
AU-Pt........................................................... 2.74
AU-PU.......................................................... 2.75
Au-Rb .................................................. 2.75
Au-Sb ..................................................... 2.75
Au-Se ....................................................... 2.76
Au-Si ........................................................ 2.76
Au-Sn ...................................................... 2.76
Au-Sr .......................................................... 2.77
Au-Te ......................................................... 2.77
Au-Th .........................................................
2.77
Au-Ti ..........................................................2.78
Au-TI .......................................................... 2.78
Au-U...........................................................2.78
Au-V........................................................... 2.79
Au-Yb .......................................................
2.79
Au-Zn .........................................................2.79
Au-Zr ......................................................... 2.80
B-C ............................................................. 2-80
B-C-Fe...................................................3.23-24
B-CO........................................................ 2.80
B-Cr ............................................................ 2.81
B-CU........................................................... 2.81
B-Fe ....................................................... 2.81
B-Mn .......................................................... 2.82
B-MO.........................................................
2.82
B-Nb ........................................................... 2.82
B-Ni ............................................................ 2.83
B-Pd ............................................................
2.83
B-Pt ............................................................
2.83
B-Re ........................................................ 2.84
B-Ru .......................................................2.84
B-Sc ..........................................................2.84
B-Si ............................................................
2.85
B-Ta............................................................ 2.85
B-Ti ............................................................ 2.85
B-V ............................................................ 2.86
B-W ...........................................................
2.86
B-Y ............................................................. 2.86
B-Zr ............................................................ 2.87
Ba-Ca......................................................2.87
Ba-Cd ..................................................... 2.87
Ba-Cu ......................................................... 2.88
Ba-Ga ........................................................
2.88
Ba-Ge ..................................................2.88
Ba-H ...........................................................2.89
Ba-Hg ......................................................... 2.89
Ba-In ......................................................2.89
Ba-Li .......................................................... 2.90
Ba-Mg .....................................................2.90
Ba-Na .......................................................2.90
Ba-P ............................................................2.91
Ba-Pb ..........................................................2.91
Ba-Se .......................................................2.91
Ba-Si........................................................... 2.92
Ba-Te .......................................................... 2.92
Ba-T1 ........................................................2-92
Ba-Zn..........................................................2.93
Be-Co ......................................................... 2.93
Be-Cr .......................................................... 2.93
Be-Cu .......................................................2.94
Be-Fe .......................................................... 2.94
Be-Hf .......................................................... 2.95
Be-Nb .........................................................2.95
Be-Ni ..........................................................2.95
Be-Pd .......................................................... 2.96
Be-Si .........................................................2.96
Be-Th.......................................................... 2.96
Be-Ti ..........................................................2.97
Be-W .......................................................... 2.97
Be-Zr .........................................................2.97
Bi-Ca .......................................................... 2.98
Bi-Cd ..........................................................2.98
Bi-Cs ..........................................................
2.98
Bi-Cu .......................................................... 2.99
Bi-Ga ......................................................... 2.99
Bi-Ge ..........................................................2.99
Bi-Hg ........................................................2 100
Bi-In .......................................................... 2 I00
Bi-K ..........................................................2.100
Bi-La .........................................................2 101
Bi-Li..........................................................
2 101
Bi-Mg .......................................................2 I01
Bi-Mn .......................................................2 102
Bi-Na ........................................................ 2.102
Bi-Nd ........................................................2 102
Bi-Ni .........................................................2 103
Bi-Pb ......................................................... 2- 103
Bi-Pd .........................................................2.103
Bi-Pt .......................................................... 2 104
Bi-Rb ........................................................ 2 104
Bi-S ...........................................................2*104
Bi-Sb .........................................................
2.105
Bi-Se .........................................................2 105
Bi-Sm ........................................................ 2.106
2 106
Bi-Sn .........................................................
Bi-Sr ..........................................................2 106
Bi-Te ......................................................... 2.107
Bi-T1..........................................................2 107
Bi-U .......................................................... 2 1 0 7
Bi-Y ..........................................................2 108
Bi-Yb ........................................................
2.108
Bi-Zn .........................................................1 0 8
Bi-Zr .........................................................2.109
C-Co..........................................................2.109
C-Cr ..........................................................
2.109
C-Cr-Fe ..................................................3.24-25
C-Cr-Mo ................................................3025-26
C-Cr-N ....................................................3.26
C-Cr-V ...................................................
3026-27
C-Cr-W .......................................................3.27
C-Cu.......................................................... 2.110
C-Cu-Fe .................................................3027-28
C-Fe ..........................................................
2 110
C-Fe-Mn ................................................3028-30
C-Fe-Mo ................................................
3030-31
C-Fe-N ...................................................
3031-32
C-Fe-Ni .......................................................3.32
C-Fe-Si................................................... 3033-34
C-Fe-V ........................................................3.34
C-Fe-W ......................................................
3.35
C - H f ...................................................2 111
C-La ..........................................................2 1I 1
C-Mn.........................................................
2 I 1I
C-Mo .........................................................2 112
C-Ni ..........................................................
2 12
C-Pr...........................................................
2 I 12
C-Sc ..........................................................2 1 13
C-Si ...........................................................2 1I3
C-Ta ..........................................................2 113
C-Th ..........................................................2 I 14
C-Ti ........................................................... 2 114
C-U ...........................................................2 114
C-V ........................................................... 2 115
C-W .......................................................... 2 15
C-Y ....................................................2
1 15
C-Zr ..........................................................
2 I 16
Ca-Cd ........................................................2 16
Ca-Cu ........................................................ 2 116
Ca-Ga ........................................................2 117
Ca-Ge ........................................................
2 1 17
Ca-Hg........................................................ 2 117
Ca-In ........................................................
2 118
Ca-Li .........................................................
2 I 18
Ca-Mg ....................................................... 2. 118
Ca-Na ........................................................2.1 19
Ca-Nd........................................................2 I 19
..
..
..
.
..
.
..
.
..
.
..
..
.
Ca-Ni ........................................................2 19
Ca-0 ..........................................................2.120
Ca-Pb .........................................................
2.120
Ca-Pd ................................................2 120
Ca-Pt..........................................................2 121
Ca-Sb .........................................................
2 121
Ca-Si..........................................................
2.121
Ca-Sr .........................................................
2 122
Ca-TI .........................................................
2 122
Ca-Yb ........................................................
2 122
Ca-Zn ........................................................ 2 123
Cd-Cu ........................................................
2 123
Cd-Eu ........................................................2 123
Cd-Ga ........................................................2 124
Cd-Gd ........................................................2.124
Cd-Ge ........................................................
2 124
Cd-Hg ........................................................
2 125
Cd-In .........................................................2 125
Cd-La ........................................................2.1 25
Cd-Li .........................................................2.126
Cd-Mg .......................................................
2 126
Cd-Na ........................................................ 2 126
Cd-Ni.........................................................2 127
Cd-P .......................................................... 2 127
Cd-Pb ........................................................
2 127
Cd-Sb ........................................................
1 2 8
Cd-Sb-Sn............................................... 3.35-36
Cd-Se .........................................................2 128
Cd-Sm .......................................................
2.1 28
Cd-Sn ........................................................2 129
Cd-Sr ......................................................... 2 129
Cd-Te ........................................................2 129
Cd-Th ........................................................ 2.130
Cd-TI .........................................................2 130
Cd-Y ..........................................................
2130
Cd-Yb........................................................1 3 1
Cd-Zn ........................................................2 131
Ce-Co .....................................................
2 131
Ce-Cu ........................................................
2 132
Ce-Fe .........................................................2 132
Ce-Ga ........................................................
2.133
Ce-Ge ........................................................
2 133
Ce-In .......................................................... 2 133
Ce-Ir ..........................................................2 134
Ce-Mg .......................................................
2 134
Ce-Mn .......................................................
2 134
Ce-Ni .........................................................2 135
Ce-0 ..........................................................
2 135
Ce-Pd ...................................................
2 135
Ce-Pu .........................................................2 136
Ce-S...........................................................2 136
Ce-Si..........................................................
2136
Ce-Sn ......................................................... 2 137
Ce-Te .........................................................2 137
Ce-Ti .........................................................
2 137
Ce-TI .........................................................
2 138
Ce-Zn ....................................................2 138
C1-Cs ........................................................
2 138
Cl-Ga .........................................................
2 139
CI-Hg......................................................... 2 139
C1-In ..........................................................2 139
Cl-Na .........................................................
2 140
Co-Cr.........................................................
2 140
Co-Cr-Fe ...............................................3.36-37
Co-Cr-Ni .....................................................
3.37
Co-Cr-Ti......................................................3.38
Co-Cr-W ..................................................... 3.38
Co-Cu ........................................................2.140
Co-Dy ........................................................
2 141
Co-Er .........................................................
2 141
Co-Fe ......................................................... 2 141
Co-Fe-Mo............................................3.38-39
Co-Fe-Ni ............................................... 3039.40
Co-Fe-W ................................................ 3.40.41
Co-Ga ....................................................... 2.142
CO-Gd....................................................... 2.142
Co-Ge ....................................................... 2.142
Co.Hf ........................................................ 2.143
CO-HO....................................................... 2.143
Co-Mn ...................................................... 2.143
CO-MO...................................................... 2.144
Co-Mo-Ni................................................... 3.41
CO-Nb....................................................... 2.144
CO-Nd....................................................... 2.144
Co-Ni ........................................................ 2.145
Co-Ni-Ti ..................................................... 3-41
CO-P.......................................................... 2.145
Co.Pd ........................................................ 2.145
Co-Pr ........................................................ 2.146
CO-Pt........................................................ 2.146
CO.PU...................................................... 2.146
Co-Re ....................................................... 2.147
CO-S.......................................................... 2.147
CO-Sb........................................................ 2.147
Co.Se ........................................................ 2.148
Co-Si ........................................................ 2.148
CO-Sm...................................................... 2.148
Co-Sn ........................................................ 2.149
Co-Ta........................................................ 2.149
CO-Tb....................................................... 2.149
Co-Te........................................................ 2.150
CO-Th....................................................... 2.150
Co-Ti ........................................................ 2.150
CO-V......................................................... 2.151
CO-W........................................................ 2.151
CO-Y......................................................... 2.151
Co-Zn ....................................................... 2.152
Cr-Cu ........................................................ 2 152
Cr-Fe ........................................................ 2.152
Cr-Fe-Mo ................................................... 3.42
Cr-Fe-N ...................................................... 3.43
Cr-Fe-Ni ................................................ 3.43.44
Cr-Fe-W ..................................................... 3.45
Cr-Ga ........................................................ 2.153
Cr-Ge ........................................................ 2.153
Cr-Hf ........................................................ 2.153
Cr-Ir .......................................................... 2.154
Cr-Lu ........................................................ 2.154
Cr-Mn ....................................................... 2.154
Cr-Mo ....................................................... 2.155
Cr-Mo-Ni ................................................... 3.45
Cr-Mo-W.................................................... 3.46
Cr-Nb........................................................ 2.155
Cr-Nb-Ni ............................................... 3046.47
Cr-Nb-W .................................................... 3.47
Cr-Ni ........................................................ 2.155
Cr-Ni-Ti ............................................... .3.4 7.48
Cr-Ni-W ..................................................... 3.48
Cr-0..........................................................2.156
Cr-0s ........................................................ 2 156
Cr-Pd ........................................................ 2 156
Cr-Pt ......................................................... 2.157
Cr-Re ........................................................ 2.157
Cr-Rh ........................................................ 2.157
Cr-Ru ........................................................ 2 158
Cr-S ..........................................................2 158
Cr-Sb ........................................................ 2.158
Cr-Sc ........................................................ 2.159
Cr-Se ........................................................ 2.159
Cr-Si ......................................................... 2.160
Cr-Sn ........................................................ 2.160
Cr-Ta ........................................................ 2.160
Cr-Te ........................................................ 2.161
Cr-Ti ........................................................ 2.161
Cr-Ti-W ......................................................3.49
Cr-U .......................................................... 2 161
Cr-V ..........................................................2 I62
Cr-W .........................................................2 162
Cr-Zr .....................................................2
62
Cs-Ge ......................................................2 163
CS-Hg........................................................ 2 163
Cs-In .........................................................2 I63
Cs-K ..........................................................2 I64
Cs-Na ........................................................2 164
CS-0.......................................................... 2.164
Cs-Rb ........................................................20 165
CS-S .......................................................... 2 I65
CS-Sb ........................................................ 2 165
Cs-Se ......................................................... 20 166
Cs-Sn ........................................................ 2 166
Cs-Te ........................................................ 2 166
CS-TI......................................................... 2 167
Cu-Dy .......................................................2 167
Cu-Er ........................................................ 2 167
CU-EU........................................................2 I68
Cu-Fe ........................................................ 2 168
Cu-Fe-Ni................................................3049-50
Cu-Ga ........................................................ 2 168
CU-Gd.......................................................2 169
Cu-Ge....................................................... 2 I69
Cu-H ......................................................... 2 169
CU-Hf........................................................ 2 I70
CU-Hg.......................................................2 170
Cu-In .........................................................20 I70
Cu-Ir.......................................................... 2. I7 1
Cu-La ........................................................2- I71
Cu-Li......................................................... 2 171
CU-Mg.......................................................2 172
Cu-Mn....................................................... 2- 172
CU-Nb....................................................... 2 I72
Cu-Nd ...................................................... 2 173
Cu-Ni ........................................................ 2. I73
Cu-Ni-Sn ...................................................3.50
Cu-Ni-Zn .................................................... 3.51
CU-0.........................................................20 174
CU-P.......................................................... 2 174
CU-Pb........................................................20 I75
Cu-Pb-Zn ...............................................3 5 1-52
CU-Pd..................................................... 2 175
CU-Pt.........................................................20 I75
CU-PU........................................................ 2 176
Cu-Rh........................................................ 2 176
CU-S..........................................................2 I76
CU-Sb........................................................ 2 177
Cu-Sb-Sn ....................................................3.52
Cu-Se ..................................................... 2 7 8
Cu-Si .........................................................2 I78
Cu-Sn ........................................................2 178
Cu-Sn-Zn ....................................................3.52
Cu-Sr.........................................................20 I79
Cu-Te ........................................................ 2 179
CU-Th........................................................2 180
Cu-Ti .........................................................20 I 80
Cu-TI ......................................................... 2 181
Cu-v ......................................................... 2 181
CU-Yb.......................................................2.181
Cu-Zn ........................................................2 I82
Cu-Zr ........................................................20 I82
Dy-Fe ........................................................ 2 1 8 2
Dy-Ga .......................................................2.183
Dy-Ge .......................................................2.183
Dy-In .........................................................2 183
Dy-Mn ......................................................201M
Dy-Ni ........................................................2 1 8 4
Dy-Pb ........................................................20 I84
Dy-Pd ........................................................2 I85
.
.
.
.
Dy-S ..........................................................2 1 8 5
Dy-Sb .......................................................8
5
Dy-Sn ........................................................2 1 8 6
Dy-Te ........................................................ 2.186
Dy-TI .........................................................2 1 8 6
Dy-Zr ...................
.
..................................2.187
Er-Fe..........................................................2 1 8 7
Er-Ga ......................................................... 2 1 8 7
Er-Ge ......................................................... 2 1 8 8
Er-In ......................................................... 2 1 8 8
Er-Mn ........................................................2 1 8 8
Er-Ni .........................................................2 1 8 9
Er-Pd ........................................................2 1 8 9
Er-Pt ..........................................................1 8 9
Er-Ru ......................................................1 9 0
Er-Se .......................................................1 9 0
Er-Te .........................................................2 1 9 0
Er-Ti ..........................................................2 1 9 1
Er-TI ......................................................... 2 1 9 1
Eu-Ga ........................................................2.191
Eu-Ge ........................................................2 1 9 2
Eu-In.......................................................... 2.192
Eu-Mg .....................................................2 1 9 2
Eu-Pb.........................................................2 1 9 3
Eu-Pd ......................................................... 20 193
Eu-Pt........................................................2 1 9 3
Eu-Te ..................................................
2194
Fe-Ga .........................................................2.194
Fe-Gd ....................................................... 2 1 9 4
Fe-Ge....................................................... 2 1 9 5
Fe-H ..........................................................2 1 9 5
Fe-Hf ......................................................... 2 1 9 5
Fe-Ho .......................................................2 1 9 6
Fe-Ir ..................................................... 2 1 9 6
Fe-La .........................................................1 9 6
Fe-Lu .................................................... 1 9 7
Fe-Mn ......................................................2 1 9 7
Fe-Mn-Ni .................................................... 3.53
Fe-Mo........................................................2a1 9 7
Fe-Mo-Nb .............................................3.53.54
Fe-Mo-Ni .............................................. 3-54-55
Fe-N ..........................................................1 9 8
Fe-Nb ...................................................... 2 1 9 8
Fe-Nd ........................................................2 1 9 8
Fe-Ni .........................................................2.199
Fe-Ni-W ...................................................... 3.55
Fe-0 .........................................................2 1 9 9
Fe-P .......................................................... 2.200
Fe-Pd ......................................................... 2.200
Fe-Pu .........................................................2.200
Fe-Rh ......................................................... 2.201
Fe-S ...........................................................2.201
.
.................................2.202
Fe-Sb ....................
Fe-Sc .........................................................2.202
Fe-Se .........................................................2.202
Fe-Si ........................................................ 2.203
Fe-Sm ........................................................2.203
Fe-Sn .........................................................2.203
Fe-Tb .........................................................2*2W
Fe-Te .........................................................2.204
Fe-Th ....................................................... 2.204
Fe.Ti ..........................................................2.205
Fe-Tm ........................................................ 2.205
Fe-U .......................................................... 2.205
Fe-V ..........................................................202M
Fe-W .......................................................... 2a2M
Fe-Zn ......................................................... 2*2M
Fe-Zr .......................................................... 2.207
Ga-Gd........................................................2.207
Ga-Ho ........................................................2.207
Ga-In .........................................................2.208
Ga-La ........................................................2.208
Ga-Li ........................................................ 2.208
Ga-Lu .......................................................
2.209
Ga-Mg .....................................................2.209
Ga-Mn ......................................................2.209
Ga-Mo ....................................................2.210
Ga-Na .....................................................2.2 10
Ga-Nb....................................................... 2.210
Ga-Nd ............................................................
Ga-Ni.....................................................2.2 11
Ga-Pb.............................................................
Ga-Pd.....................................................2.212
Ga-Pr ........................................................2.212
Ga-Pt ........................................................2.212
Ga-Pu......................................................2.2 13
Ga-S..........................................................
2.213
Ga-Sb........................................................
2.214
Ga-Sc ......................................................2.214
Ga-Se........................................................2.214
Ga-Sm ...........................................................
Ga-Sn........................................................
2.215
Ga-Sr ................................................... 2.215
Ga-Tb .......................................................
2.216
Ga-Te........................................................
2.216
Ga-TI ........................................................
2.216
Ga-Tm ...........................................................
Ga-U .........................................................2.217
Ga-V .........................................................
2.217
Ga-Y .........................................................
2.218
Ga-Yb ....................................................... 2.218
Ga-Zn .......................................................
2.2 18
Ga-Zr ........................................................2.219
Gd-Ge .......................................................
2.219
Gd-In ........................................................
2.219
Gd-Mg ................................................. 2.220
Gd-Mn ......................................................2.220
Gd-Ni........................................................2.220
Gd-Pb ............................................................
Gd-Pd ............................................................
Gd-Rh....................................................... 2.221
Gd-Sb .....................................................2.222
Gd-Se........................................................2.222
Gd-Sn .......................................................
2.222
Gd-Te .......................................................2.223
Gd-Ti ........................................................
2.223
Gd-T1........................................................
2.223
Ge-Ho ....................................................2.224
Ge-In ........................................................
2.224
Ge-K ......................................................... 2.224
Ge-La.......................................................
2.225
Ge-Li .............................................................
Ge-Lu .......................................................
2.225
Ge-Mg ......................................................2.226
Ge-Mn ......................................................
2.226
Ge-Mo ...............................................2.227
Ge-Na .......................................................
2.227
Ge-Nb ....................................................... 2.227
Ge-Nd .......................................................
2.228
Ge-Ni .....................................................2.228
Cie-P..........................................................2.228
Ge-Pb....................................................2.229
Ge-Pd........................................................
2.229
2.229
Ge-Pr ........................................................
Ge-Pt .................................................
2.230
Ge-S......................................................
2.230
Ge-Sb........................................................2.230
Ge-Sc ........................................................
2.231
Ge-Se ........................................................
2.231
Ge-Si .............................................................
Ge-Sm ......................................................
2.232
Ge-Sn........................................................ 2.232
Ge-Sr ........................................................
2.232
Ge-Tb .......................................................
2.233
Ge-Te ........................................................ 2.233
Ge-Ti.........................................................
2.233
Ge-TI .........................................................
2.234
Ge-Tm......................................................2.234
Ge-U .........................................................
2.234
Ge-Y .........................................................
2.235
Ge-Yb ....................................................... 2.235
2.235
Ge-Zn ........................................................
H-La ..........................................................
2.236
H-Nb .........................................................2.236
H-Nd .........................................................
2.237
H-Ni .......................................................... 2.237
H-Pd ..........................................................
2.237
H-Sr ..........................................................
2.238
H-Ta .......................................................... 2.238
H-Ti ..........................................................
2.238
H-U ...........................................................2.239
H-V ...........................................................
2.239
H-Zr ..........................................................
2.239
Hf-Ir ..........................................................2.240
Hf-Mn .......................................................
2.240
Hf-MO.......................................................2.240
Hf-N ..........................................................2.241
Hf-Nb ........................................................
2.241
Hf-Ni.........................................................2.241
Hf-0 ..........................................................
2.242
Hf-0s ........................................................
2.242
Hf-Rh ........................................................2.242
Hf-Si .........................................................
2.243
Hf-Ta ........................................................ 2.243
Hf-U ..........................................................
2.243
Hf-V ..........................................................
2.244
Hf-W ......................................................... 2.244
Hf-Zr .........................................................
2.244
Hg-In .........................................................2.245
Hg-K .........................................................
2.245
Hg-La ........................................................
2.245
Hg-Li ........................................................2.246
Hg-Mg ......................................................2.246
Hg-Na .......................................................2.246
Hg-Pb ........................................................2.247
Hg-Rb ....................................................... 2.247
Hg-S ..........................................................
2.247
Hg-Se ........................................................2.248
Hg-Sn ........................................................
2.248
Hg-Sr ........................................................2.248
Hg-Te ........................................................ 2.249
Hg-TI ........................................................
2.249
Hg-Zn........................................................2.249
Ho-In.........................................................
2.250
Ho-Mn ...................................................... 2.250
Ho-Pd ........................................................
2.250
Ho-Sb ........................................................ 2.251
Ho-Te ........................................................
2.25 1
Ho-TI ........................................................2.251
In-K...........................................................
2.252
In-La ......................................................... 2.252
In-Li .......................................................... 2.252
In-Lu .........................................................2.253
In-Mg ........................................................
2.253
In-Mn ........................................................
2.253
In-Na .........................................................
2.254
In-Nb.........................................................
2.254
In-Nd ......................................................... 2.254
In-Ni..........................................................
2.255
In-P ........................................................... 2.255
In-Pb .........................................................
2.255
In-Pd .........................................................2.256
In-Pr ..........................................................2.256
In-Pt ..........................................................2.256
In-Pu .........................................................
2.257
In-Rb......................................................... 2.257
In-S ............................................................ 2.257
In-Sb..........................................................
2.258
In-Sc ..........................................................
2.258
In-Se .......................................................... 2.259
In-Si ...........................................................
2.259
In-Sm .........................................................2.260
In-Sn ..........................................................2.260
In-Sr ..........................................................2.260
In-Tb.......................................................... 2.261
In-Te ..........................................................
2.261
In-Th..........................................................
2.261
In-Ti ..........................................................
2.262
In-T1 .......................................................... 2.262
In-Tm ........................................................ 2.262
In-V ...........................................................
2.263
In-Y ...........................................................2.263
In-Yb .........................................................
2.263
In-Zn..........................................................
2.264
Ir-La .......................................................... 2.264
Ir-MO.........................................................
2.264
Ir-Nb.......................................................... 2.265
Ir-Ni ........................................................... 2.265
Ir-Pd ..........................................................
2.265
Ir-Pt ...........................................................2.266
Ir-Rh ..........................................................
2.266
Ir-Ru ..........................................................2.266
Ir-Ta ..........................................................2.267
Ir-Th ..........................................................
2.267
Ir-Ti ........................................................... 2.267
Ir-U ............................................................ 2.268
~ r - ............................................................
v
2.268
Ir-W ...........................................................2.268
Ir-Zr ...........................................................
2.269
K-Na ..........................................................
2.269
K-Pb ..........................................................2.269
K-Rb ..........................................................
2.270
K-S ............................................................2.270
K-Sb ..........................................................
2.270
K-Se ..........................................................2.271
K-Sn ..........................................................
2.271
K-Te ..........................................................2.271
K-TI ...........................................................
2.272
La-Mg .......................................................
2.272
La-Mn .......................................................2.272
La-Ni .........................................................
2.273
La-Pb .........................................................2.273
La-S ...........................................................
2.273
La-Sb .........................................................2.274
La-Sc .........................................................
2.274
La-Se ......................................................... 2.274
La-Sn .........................................................2.275
La-TI ..........................................................2.275
La-Zn .........................................................
2.275
Li-Mg ........................................................ 2.276
Li-Na .........................................................
2.276
Li-Pb..........................................................2.276
Li-Pd..........................................................
2.277
Li-S ............................................................
2.277
Li-Se..........................................................2.277
Li-Si ..........................................................
2.278
Li-Sn..........................................................2.278
Li-Sr ..........................................................
2.278
Li-Te.......................................................... 2.279
Li-TI ..........................................................
2.279
Li-Zn ......................................................... 2.279
Lu-Pb.........................................................2.280
Lu-TI ......................................................... 2*280
Mg-Mn ......................................................2.280
Mg-Ni ........................................................ 2.281
Mg-Pb .......................................................2.281
Mg-Sb .......................................................
2.281
Mg-Sc........................................................
2.282
Mg-Si........................................................ 2.282
Mg-Sm ..........................................................
Mg-Sn ....................................................... 2.283
Mg-Sr ....................................................... 2.283
Mg-Th ...................................................... 2.283
Mg-TI ....................................................... 2.284
Mg-Y ........................................................ 2.284
Mg-Yb ...................................................... 2.284
Mg-Zn ..................................................... 2.285
Mg-Zr ....................................................... 2.285
Mn-Mo ..................................................... 2.285
Mn-N ........................................................ 2.286
Mn-Nd ...................................................... 2.286
Mn-Ni .................................................... 2.286
Mn-0 ........................................................ 2.287
Mn-P ......................................................... 2.287
Mn-Pd ....................................................... 2.287
Mn-Pr ....................................................... 2.288
Mn-Pu ...................................................... 2.288
Mn-Sb ....................................................... 2.288
Mn-Si........................................................ 2.289
Mn-Sm ..................................................... 2.289
Mn-Sn ....................................................... 2.289
Mn-Ti ....................................................... 2.290
Mn-U ........................................................ 2.290
Mn-V ........................................................ 2.290
Mn-Y ........................................................ 2.291
Mn-Zn ...................................................... 2.291
Mn-Zr ....................................................... 2.291
Mo-N ........................................................ 2.292
Mo-Nb ...................................................... 2.292
Mo-Nb-Ti ................................................. 3.56
Mo-Ni ....................................................... 2.292
Mo-Ni-Ti .................................................... 3.56
Mo-Ni-W .................................................... 3.56
Mo-0 ........................................................ 2.293
Mo-0s ...................................................... 2.293
Mo-P ......................................................... 2.293
Mo-Pd ....................................................... 2.294
Mo-Pt ........................................................ 2.294
Mo-Pu ....................................................... 2.294
Mo-Rh ...................................................... 2.295
Mo-Ru ...................................................... 2.295
Mo-S ......................................................... 2.295
Mo-Si ........................................................ 2.296
Mo-Ta ....................................................... 2.296
Mo-Ti ....................................................... 2.296
Mo-Ti-W .................................................... 3.57
Mo-U ........................................................ 2.297
Mo-V ........................................................ 2.297
Mo-W ....................................................... 2.297
Mo-Zr ....................................................... 2.298
N-Nb ......................................................... 2.298
N-Ni.......................................................... 2.298
N-Ta ......................................................... 2.299
N-Th ......................................................... 2.299
N-Ti .......................................................... 2.299
N-U ........................................................... 2.300
N-Zr .......................................................... 2.300
Na-0 ........................................................ 2.300
Na-Pb ........................................................ 2.301
Na-Rb ....................................................... 2.301
Na-S.......................................................... 2.301
Na-Sb ........................................................ 2.302
Na-Se ........................................................ 2.302
Na-Sn ........................................................ 2.302
Na-Sr ........................................................ 2.303
Na-Te ........................................................ 2.303
Na-TI ........................................................ 2.303
Nb-Ni ........................................................ 2.304
Nb-0s ....................................................... 2.304
Nb-Pd ....................................................... 2.304
Nb-Pt ......................................................... 2.305
Nb-Rh ....................................................... 2.305
Nb-RU....................................................... 2.305
Nb-Si ......................................................... 2.306
Nb-Ta ........................................................ 2.306
Nb-Th ........................................................ 2.306
Nb-Ti ........................................................ 2.307
Nb-Ti-W ..................................................... 3.57
Nb-U ......................................................... 2.307
Nb-V ......................................................... 2.307
Nb-W ........................................................ 2.308
Nb-Zr ........................................................ 2.308
Nd-Ni ........................................................ 2.308
Nd-Pt ......................................................... 2.309
Nd-Rh ....................................................... 2.309
Nd-Sb ........................................................ 203W
Nd-Si......................................................... 2 10
Nd-Sn ........................................................ 2.3 10
Nd-Te ........................................................ 2.3 10
Nd-Ti ........................................................2 3 11
Nd-TI ........................................................ 2.3 11
Nd-Zn ........................................................2 11
Ni-0 ......................................................... 2 3 12
Ni-0s ........................................................ 2.3 12
Ni-P ........................................................... 2.313
Ni-Pb ......................................................... 2.3 13
Ni-Pd ......................................................... 2 3 14
Ni-Pr ......................................................... 2.3 14
Ni-Pt.......................................................... 2 3 14
Ni-Pu ........................................................ 2.3 15
Ni-Re ........................................................ 2.3 15
Ni-Rh .......................................................2 16
Ni-Ru ........................................................ 2.3 16
Ni-S ........................................................... 2.3 16
Ni-Sb ......................................................... 2.3 17
Ni-Sc ......................................................... 2.3 17
Ni-Se ......................................................... 2.3 17
Ni-Si .......................................................... 2 18
Ni-Sm ....................................................... 2.3 18
Ni-Sn ......................................................... 2 3 18
Ni-Ta ..................................................... 2.3 19
Ni-Te ......................................................... 2.3 19
Ni-Ti ...................................................... 2 3 19
Ni-U .......................................................... 2.320
Ni-V .......................................................... 2.320
Ni-W ......................................................... 2.320
Ni-Y .......................................................... 2.321
Ni-Yb ........................................................ 2.321
Ni-Zn ........................................................ 2.321
Ni-Zr ......................................................... 2.322
Np-Pu ........................................................ 2.322
Np-U ......................................................... 2.322
0-Pb .......................................................... 2.323
0-Pr .......................................................... 2.323
0-PU.......................................................... 2.323
0-Sn .......................................................... 2.324
0-Ti ......................................
.
.
0-V .......................................................... 2.325
0-W .......................................................... 2.325
0-Y ........................................................... 2.326
0-Zr .......................................................... 2.326
0s-Pt .........................................................2.326
0s-PU........................................................ 2.327
0s-Re ........................................................2.327
0s-Rh ........................................................ 2.327
0s-Ru ........................................................2.328
0s-Si ......................................................... 20328
0s-Ti ......................................................... 2.328
0s-U ......................................................... 2.329
0s-V ..............
2.329
0s-W ......................................................... 2.329
0s-Zr .........................................................20330
P-Pd ........................................................... 2.330
P-Pr............................................................ 2.330
P-Ru .......................................................... 2.33 1
P-Sn ........................................................... 2.331
P-Ti ............................................................ 2.331
P-Zn ........................................................... 2.332
Pb-Pd ......................................................... 2.332
Pb-Pr .......................................................... 2.332
Pb-Pt ..........................................................2.333
Pb-Pu ......................................................... 2.333
Pb-Rb ........................................................ 2.333
Ph-Rh ........................................................ 2.334
Pb-S ........................................................... 2.334
Pb-Sb .........................................................2.334
Pb-Sb-Sn ............................................... 3.57.58
Pb-Se ......................................................... 2.335
Pb-Sn ......................................................... 2.335
Pb-Sn-Zn ..................................................... 3.58
Pb-Sr .......................................................... 2.335
Pb-Te ......................................................... 2.336
Pb-TI.......................................................... 2.336
Ph-Y .......................................................... 2.336
Pb-Yb ........................................................ 2.337
Pb-Zn ......................................................... 2.337
Pd-Pt .......................................................... 2.337
Pd-Pu .........................................................2.338
Pd-Rh ........................................................ 2.338
Pd-Ru ........................................................ 2.338
Pd-S ........................................................... 2.339
Pd-Sb ......................................................... 2.339
Pd-Se .........................................................2.339
Pd-Si .......................................................... 2.340
Pd-Sm ........................................................ 2.340
Pd-Sn ......................................................... 2.340
Pd-Te ......................................................... 2.341
Pd-Ti.......................................................... 2.341
Pd-TI .......................................................... 2.342
Pd-U .......................................................... 2.342
Pd-V .......................................................... 2.342
Pd-W ......................................................... 2.343
Pd-Y ..........................................................2.343
Pd-Yb ........................................................ 2.343
Pd-Zn ......................................................... 2.34
Pr-Sh.......................................................... 2.34
Pr-Se .......................................................... 2*3M
Pr-Si ..........................................................2.345
Pr-Sn .......................................................... 2.345
Pr-Te.......................................................... 2.345
Pr-TI .......................................................... 2.346
Pr-Zn ......................................................... 2.346
Pt-Rh ......................................................... 2.346
Pt-Si ........................................................... 2.347
Pt-Sn .......................................................... 2.347
Pt-Te .......................................................... 2.347
Pt-Ti .......................................................... 2.348
Pt-TI .......................................................... 2.348
l't-U ...........................................................2.348
Pt-V ........................................................... 2.349
Pt-Zr .......................................................... 2.349
Pu-Sc ......................................................... 2.349
Pu-U .......................................................... 2.350
Pu-Zn ......................................................... 2.350
Pu-Zr .........................................................2.350
Rb-Sb ......................................................
2.35 I
Rb-Se .........................................................2.351
Rb-TI .........................................................2 3 5 1
Re-Ru ........................................................ 2.352
Re-Si.......................................................... 2.352
Re-Te .........................................................2.352
Re-U .......................................................... 2.353
Re-V ..........................................................2.353
Rh-Se ......................................................... 2.353
Rh-Ta........................................................
2.354
Rh-Ti ....................................................2.354
Rh-U .........................................................2.354
Rh-V .........................................................2.355
Ru-Si ....................................................2.355
Ru-Ta........................................................2.355
Ru-Ti .......................................................
2.356
Ru-U .........................................................
2.356
Ru-V .........................................................
2.356
S-Se ......................................................... 2.357
S-Sn .......................................................... 2.357
S-Te ..........................................................
2.358
S-Ti...........................................................
2.358
Sb-Se ........................................................
2.358
Sb-Si......................................................... 2.359
Sb-Sm .......................................................2.359
Sb-Sn ........................................................ 2.359
Sb-Sr.........................................................
2.360
Sb-Tb.......................................................
2.360
Sb-Te ......................................................2.360
Sb-TI.........................................................2.361
Sb-U ..................................................... 2.361
Sb-Y .........................................................
2.361
Sb-Zn ........................................................
2.362
Sc-Ti.........................................................2.362
Sc-Y..........................................................2.362
Sc-Zr .........................................................
2.363
2.363
Se-Sn ........................................................
Se-Sr .........................................................2.363
Se-Te.........................................................
2.364
Se-TI .........................................................2.364
Se-Tm .......................................................2.364
Se-U ..........................................................
2.365
Si-Sn .........................................................
2.365
Si-Sr ..........................................................2.365
Si-Ta .........................................................2.366
Si-Te .........................................................2.366
Si-Th .........................................................2.366
Si-Ti ..........................................................
2.367
Si-U...........................................................2.367
Si-V........................................................... 2.367
Si-Zn .........................................................2.368
Si-Zr ..........................................................2.368
Sm-Sn .......................................................
2.368
Sm-TI ........................................................2.369
Sm-Zn .......................................................2.369
Sn-Te ........................................................2.370
Sn-Ti .........................................................2.370
Sn-TI .........................................................2.370
Sn-U..........................................................
2.371
Sn-Y ..........................................................2.371
Sn-Yb ........................................................2.371
Sn-Zn ........................................................2.372
Sn-Zr.........................................................
2.369
Sn-Zr .........................................................2.372
Sr-Te .........................................................2.372
Sr-TI..........................................................2.373
Sr-Zn.........................................................
2.373
Ta-Th .........................................................2.373
Ta-Ti..........................................................
2.374
Ta-U ..........................................................
2.374
Ta-V .......................................................... 2.374
Ta-W .........................................................2.375
Ta-Zr .........................................................2.375
Tb-TI .........................................................
2.375
Te-TI ..........................................................
2.376
Te-U ..........................................................
2.376
Te-Yb ........................................................2.376
Te-Zn .........................................................2.377
Th-Ti .........................................................
2.377
Th-TI .........................................................
2.377
Th-Zn ........................................................
2.378
Th-Zr .........................................................2.378
Ti-U ...........................................................
2.378
Ti-V ...........................................................
2.379
Ti-W ..........................................................
2.379
Ti-Y ...........................................................
2.379
Ti-Zr ..................................................!.......2.380
TI-Yb .........................................................2.380
TI-Zn .........................................................
2.380
U-Zr ...........................................................
2.381
V-W ...........................................................
2.381
V-Zr ...........................................................
2.381
W-Zr ..........................................................2.382
Y-Zn ..........................................................
2.382
Y-Zr ...........................................................
2.382
Yb-Zn ........................................................
2.383
7
.
..
.ad:: I ,
.
I1). T. I ?
t
...
i ,<
Subject Index
Acicular eutectic microstructure ........... 1.19. 20
Age hardening
development of .......................................... 1.25
process ....................................................... 1.22
Allotropy ........................................................ 1 1
Alloy design use of phase diagrams in .. 1.25-26
Alpha stabilizers in titanium ....................... 1.23
Aluminum housings eliminating cracks in . 1.28
Aluminum-alloy microstructures
aluminum-33% copper ................................ 1 19
aluminum-silicon .................................... 1.19. 20
aluminum- 18% silver .................................. 1.22
Aluminum phase diagrams. discussion of
aluminum-bismuth .................................... 1.28
aluminum-copper ................................. 1.22. 23
aluminum-gold ..................................... 1.28. 29
aluminum-iron ...................................... 1026.27
aluminum.lead .......................................... 1 -28
Aluminum-copper system ..................... 1022.23
Anorthic crystal system ........................ 1 10. 15
Austenite ................................................. 1.23
stabilizers ............................................. 1.25
Austenitic stainless steels. new alloy
development ........................................... 1.26
.
.
Base-centered space lattice .......................... 1.15
Beta stabilizers in titanium .......................... 1a23
Binary alloy phase diagrams ............... 2.25-383
Binary alloys index .................................. 2.5.21
Binary system or diagram description ...... 1.2.4
Bivariant equilibrium ..................................... 1.2
Body-centered space-lattice ........................ 1 15
Brasses .......................................................... 1.22
Bravais lattice ............................................... 1 10
Burning ......................................................... 1 19
.
..
Cobalt-12% iron-6% titanium alloy.
microstructure of ...................................... 1.22
Cobalt-tungsten-carbon phase diagram ......1.29
Components of system ................................ 1.2
Composition conversion .............................. 1 18
Composition scales ...................................... 1 18
Congruent phase change ................................ 1.4
Congruent phase transformation .............1.4. 10
Congruent point ............................................ 1 10
Conjugate phases ............................................ 1.3
Constitutional diagram ................................... 1.2
Continuous solid solution ........................ 1.2. 18
Cooling curves ................................. 1 15. 16. 17
Copper alloys, microstructureof specific types
C23000 ................................................ 1.22. 23
C24000 ................................................ 1.22. 23
C26000 ............................................... 1.22. 23
C27000 ................................................ 1.22. 23
C28000 ............................................... 1.22. 23
C71500 ..................................................... 1 1 8
Copper nickel. 30%. microstructure
of ............................................................... 1.18
Copper-zinc phase diagram ......................... 1=22
Copper-zinc system ...................................... 1.22
Coring .................................................... 1 18. 19
Critical point .................................................. 1.2
Crystal
description .................................................. 1 10
dimensions ........................................... 1.10. 15
ordering ...................................................1 10
properties. use in phase-diagram
determination .................................. 1 17- 18
structure ............................................... 1. 10-17
systems ..................................................... 1.10
Crystal-structure
nomenclature ....................................... 1.15.16
prototypes ..................................................1.16
Cubic crystal system ............................. 1.10. 15
Cutting tools. eliminating brittleness of
carbide ......................................................1*28
.
.
.
.
.
C
Carbide cutting tools. eliminating brittleness
of ............................................................ 1.28
Carbides in steels ......................................... 1.24
Cartridge brass
Cast irons .......................................... 1023.24 26
Catatectic reaction ......................................... 1.5
Cementite ...................................................... 1.23
Chinese script ......................................... 1 19. 20
1.8
Clapeyron Benoit ........................................
Clausius. Rudolf ........................................ 1.7. 8
Clausius-Clapeyron equation ...................1.8. 10
Closed thermodynamic system ..................... 1.5
.
.
.
..
Decinary system or diagram .......................... 1.2
Degrees of freedom ........................................ 1 2
Dendrites .......................................................I 19
Dendritic
1.20
microstructure .........................................
segregation ....................................... 1 18. 19
Differential thermal analysis .......................1 17
Disordered crystal structure ......................... 1.10
Ductile cast iron. grade 60.40.12.
microstructure of ...................................... 1.26
Duralumin alloys .......................................... 1.25
..
Edge length of a crystal ............................... 1.10
Electric-motor housings. eliminating
cracks in .................................................. 1.28
Electronics. eliminating the"purple
plague" ..................................................... 1.28
End-centered space lattice ........................... 1-15
Enthalpy ...................................................... 1.6
Entropy ......................................................... 1.7
Equilibrium ................................................. 1.1
diagram ........................................................ 1.2
Eutectic
alloys ........................................................ 1.3
microstructures .................................... 1 19-20
reaction .................................................... 1.3. 5
soft solder ................................................ 1.20
Eutectoid
microstructures .................................... 1020.2 1
reaction ..................................................... 1.5
.
.
Face-centered space lattice ......................... 1 15
Ferrite ........................................................... 1.23
stabilizers .................................................. 1.25
Filigreed eutectic microstructure ................ 1.20
First Law of Thermodynamics ...................... 1.6
First-order phase transition ......................... 1.10
Freezing cur~es............................................ 1 16
.
C
Gibbs energy ............................................. 1.7. 8
curves ................................................. 1.6. 7. 10
Gibbs. J . Willard ...................................... 1.2. 10
Gibbs-Konovalov Rule ............................ 1.8. 10
Gibbs phase rule ............................................. 1.2
Globular eutectic microstructure .......... 1019.20
Gray cast iron. class 30. microstructure of 1.26
Guinier-Preston zones ................................. 1.21
Hack-saw blades. development of welding
technique ............................................ 1.26.27
Hardfacing. alloy improvement .................. 1.27
Heat capacity .............................................. 1.6
Heat content .................................................. 1.6
Heating elements. improving performance
of ......................................................... 1027-28
Helmholtz. Hermann von .............................. 1.6
Hexagonal crystal system ...................... 1 10. 1 5
Higher-order phase transition ..................... 1 10
Horizontal sections of a ternary diagram ..... 1.5
.
Hot short .....................................................
1.19
Housings. eliminating cracks in ....................-28
Hypereutectic alloys ......................................
1.3
Hypereutectoid alloys ..................................1.21
Hypoeutectic alloys ....................................... 1.3
Hypoeutectoid alloys ...................................
1-21
Idiomorphic particles ................................... 1.20
Incongruent phase change ............................. 1.4
Indium-tin alloy (50-50) ..............................
1.19
Interaxial angle of a crystal .........................1.10
Intermediate phases ....................................... 1.4
Intermetallic compounds ............................... 1.4
Internal energy ...............................................1 5
Intersection of phase-field boundaries ....1.8. 10
Interstitial solid solution ........................1.15. 16
Invariant
equilibrium ..................................................1.2
point .............................................................1.2
reactions ...................................................1.5
Iron-alloymicrostructures
iron.0.8% carbon ....................................... 1.21
iron.24.8% zinc .........................................1.22
Iron-carbon
phase diagram ............................................ 1a25
system ...........................................1.23.25
transformation temperatures ..............1.24. 25
Iron-cementite
phase diagram ............................................
1.25
system ..................................................1.23.25
transformation temperatures ..............1.24. 25
Iron-chromium-nickel system .....................1.25
Iron phiw diagrams. discussion of
iron-chromium ...........................................1.26
iron-chromium-nickel ............................... 1.27
iron-manganese .........................................1.27
iron-manganese-carbon ............................1.27
1a26
iron-nickel ................................................
Irreversible process ........................................1.7
Isopleths of a ternary phase diagram ............. 1.5
Isothermal contour lines ................................1.5
Isothermal sections of a ternary
diagram ...................................................... 1a 5
.
Joule. James .................................................
1.6
.
Kelvin. Lord ...................................................1.7
Konovalov. Dmitry ...................................... 1 10
Lamellar eutectic microstructure ..........1.19. 20
Lattice constants.........................................
1.10
Lattice parameters ........................................ 1.10
Lattice points ................................................1.15
Law of Conservation of Energy .................... 1.6
Le Chltelier. Henri ......................................... 1.7
Ledeburite .....................................................
1.24
Leverrule .......................................... 1.17. 18-19
Line compounds .......................................1.4. 18
.
Liquation ...................................................... 1 19
Liquidus .......................................................... 1.2
Long-period ordering ...................................1.11
Low brass. 80%. microstructure of ............ 1.22
M
Magnesium-37% tin alloy. microstructure
of ..............................................................1.19
Muntz metal. 60%. microstructure of .........1.22
Mayer. Julius ..............................................
1.6
Melting ...............................................
1.2. 16
Metallography. use in phase-diagram
determination .......................................... 1.18
Metastable
equilibrium ..............................................1.1. 4
phases ...........................................................
1
Metatectic reaction .........................................1*5
Miscible solids ................................................
1.2
Miscibility .......................................................1.2
Mixtures .......................................................... 1.8
Monoclinic crystal system .................... 1.10. 15
Monotectic reaction ........................................1 5
Monotectoid reaction ..................................... 1*5
Monovariant equilibrium ............................... 1.2
.
Nernst. Walter .................................................1a7
Nichrome heating elements. improving
life of ..................................................
1.27.28
Nickel-base hardfacing alloy. improving... 1.27
Nickel-20% chromium- 1% aluminum alloy.
microstructure of .....................................1.22
Nickel-chromium-iron heating elements.
improving life of ............................... 1.27.28
Nickel-sulfur phase diagram .......................1.27
Nodular eutectic microstructure .................1.20
Nonary system or diagram ............................. 1.2
Octanary system or diagram ..........................1.2
Ordered crystal structure.............................
1.10
Ordered structure ......................................... 1.10
Orthorhombic crystal system ................1.10. 15
Pearlite ........................................................ 1.2 1
Pearson. William B ...................................... 1.15
Pearson symbols ..........................................1.15
Performance. Use of phase diagrams to
improve ...............................................1.27.28
Peritectic reaction ...........................................
1.5
Peritectoid reaction ........................................1.5
Permanent magnets. alloy development of 1.26
Phases ..............................................................
1 1
Phase-field-boundary
curvatures ..............................................1.9. 10
extensions ................................................ 1.3. 4
intersections .......................................... 1*8. 10
Phase diagrams
construction errors ............................... 1.9. 1-0
description ....................................................
1.2
determination ....................................... 1.17. 18
features ...................................................
107.10
lines and labels .......................................... 1 18
.
reading of ............................................. 1018.22
Phase field
description ...................................................1.2
rule ...............................................................1.7
Phase-fraction lines ...............................1.17. 19
Phase rule
description ...................................................1.2
violations ...............................................
1.9. 10
Physical properties. use in phase-diagram
determination ..........................................1 18
Planck. Max ....................................................1.7
Polymorphism ................................................
1.1
Precipitation hardening ...............................1.22
Pressure-temperature phase diagrams .......... 1.2
Primary constituent ......................................1.20
Primitive space lattice .................................1 15
Processing. use of phase diagrams in .... 1.26.27
Proeutectoid constituent ..............................1.21
Projected views of a ternary diagram ........... 1.5
Prototype crystals ........................................ 1 16
Pseudobinary ..................................................1 5
Pseudobinary sections of a ternary
diagram ...................................................... 1.5
"Purple plague. * eliminating in solid-state
electronics ............................................... 1.28
.
.
..
Quasibinary sections of a ternary diagram ... 1.5
Quaternary system or diagram ...................... 1.2
Quinary system diagram ...........................1.2
..
Red brass. 85%. microstructure of ..............1.22
Reversible process ......................................... 1.7
Rhombohedra1 crystal system ...............1.10. 15
Richards. Theodore ........................................1.7
Roberts.Austen. William ............................. 1.23
Rod eutectic microstructure ........................1.20
Second Law of Thermodynamics...............106.7
Septenary system or diagram ........................ 1.2
Sexinary system or diagram ..........................1.2
Simple space lattice .....................................1.15
Solid-solution mechanisms ............. 1.15. 16- 17
Solid-state precipitation ........................1.2 1-22
Solidification .................................................1 19
Solidus ............................................................1.2
Solutions .........................................................1.8
Solution hardening ....................................... 1.17
Solvus .............................................................
1.3
Space-group notations .................................1.16
Space lattices ..........................................1 10, 15
Spherical eutectic microstructure ...............1.20
Stable equilibrium .......................................... 1 1
State variables ................................................
1.1
Steels. microstructures of ............................1.24
Steel, stainless type 18-8 ............................. 1.27
Steel, welding high-speed to lowalloy ...................................................... 1.26-27
Structure prototypes .....................................1.16
Strukturbericht designations .......................1 1 6
Sublimation curves ........................................1.2
.
Substitutional solid solution .................. 1. 15. 17
Superlattices ................................................. 1 10
Syntectic reaction .......................................... 1.5
Systems ....................................................... 1.1.2
T
Tie lines ........................................................... 1 8
Tie triangles .................................................... 1.8
Tin-alloy microstructures
tin-indium (50-50) .....................................1 19
tin-lead ....................................................... 1.20
Temperature-composition phase diagrams ... 1.2
Terminal phases ........................................ 1.3. 18
Terms related to phase diagrams ............... 1 1-2
Ternary-alloy phase diagrams ................. 305.58
Ternary system or diagram .................... 1.2. 4-5
Tetragonal crystal system ...................... 1 10. 15
Theorem of Le Chltelier ................................ 1.7
Thermodynamic modeling of phase
diagrams ................................................... 1 18
Thermodynamic principles ........................ 1 - 5 7
Third Law of Thermodynamics ..................... 1.7
Thomson. William .......................................... 1.7
Three-phase equilibrium ................................ 1.3
.
.
.
Univariant equilibrium .................................. l a 2
Unstable equilibrium ..................................... 1.1
Titanium-alloyphme diagrams
titanium-aluminum ....................................1.24
titanium-chromium ....................................1.24
titanium-vanadium ....................................1a24
Titanium, binary systems with .....................1.23
Triclinic crystal system ......................... 1.10. 15
Trigonal crystal system ................................1.10
Triple curve ..................................................... 1.2
Triple point .....................................................1a2
.
Unary system 0. diagram ............................... 1.2
Unit cell of a crystal .....................................1 10
..........................
Vaporization curves....................................... 1.2
diagram .......... 1.5
Volume fraction ........................................ 1.29
Welding. use of phase diagrams in
technique development ..................... la26-27
Yellow brass. 65%. microstructure
of .............................................................. 1.22