充电站可靠性 （美国基础设施）
• Section 680.116(a) proposes several requirements regarding the communication, display, and structure of the pricing for electrical charging. Chargers would be
required to display and base the price of electrical charge in $/kWh 第680.116(a)条提出了关于通讯、显示和电费定价结构的要求。充电器将被要求以美元每千瓦时
为单位显示并确定电费价格。
• Section 680.116(b) also proposes a minimum annual uptime requirement of greater than 97 percent for the charging ports.
• 第680.116(b)条还提出了对充电端口的最低年度正常运行时间要求，即大于97%。
Uptime is calculated for the time when a charger's hardware and software are both online and available for use, or in use, and the charging port successfully
dispenses electricity as expected. For the purposes of the required minimum uptime calculation, FHWA proposes that charging port uptime must be calculated
on a quarterly basis for the previous 12 months. Charging port uptime percentage would be calculated using the equation μ=
((8760−(T_outage−T_excluded))/8760) × 100 where μ = port uptime percentage, T_outage = total hours of outage in previous year, and where T_excluded =
total hours of outage in previous year for reasons outside the charging station operator's control, such as electric utility service interruptions, internet or cellular
service provider interruptions, and outages caused by the vehicles, provided that the Charging Station Operator can demonstrate that the charging port would
otherwise be operational.
正常运行时间的计算是指当充电器的硬件和软件都在线并可使用，或正在使用，且充电端口按预期成功输出电力的时间。为了计算所需的最低正常运行时间，
FHWA建议充电端口的正常运行时间必须按季度计算前12个月的情况。充电端口的正常运行时间百分比将用公式μ=（（8760-（T_outage-T_excluded））/8760）
Please identify the cause of no-charge events:
a. EV component failure,电动车零部件故障
b. EVSE component failure EVSE组件故障
c. Internet connection (Wi-Fi/cellular), 互联网连接故障（Wi-Fi/蜂窝网络）
d. Payment system failure (e.g. authentication, authorization), 支付系统故障（如认证、授权）。
e. Charging network operator system disruptions (Information Technology/Operational
Technology),充电网络运营商系统中断（信息技术/操作技术）
f. EVSE network-to-network interoperability (roaming transaction errors), EVSE网络对网络的互操作性（漫游交易错误）
g. Power failure or interruption (lack of charge restart),电力故障或中断（缺乏充电重启）
h. Cybersecurity compromises,网络安全的损害
i. EV/EVSE Interoperability, please specify charging connector type, EV/EVSE的互操作性，请说明充电连接器类型
j. Operator error, and 操作员错误，以及
k. Other, please specify. 其他，请说明