GEO SKILLS & HOW TO USE THEM TO RULE YOUR EXAMS Describe the trends in the cost of sending remittances from the three regions [2] 1. Fluctuating in all regions or fluctuation in 3 named regions 2. Decreasing in all regions or decreasing in all regions Two descriptions needed and data for full marks. Describe the trends in numbers of internally displaced persons (IDPs) between 1990 and 2010 as shown on the graph (3 marks) 1. Increase 90-94 (22-28 m) 2. Decrease 94-97 (28-17m) 3. stable/slow increase/fluctuating 97-10 4. Increase 97-01 (17-24m) 5. Overall fluctuation Three descriptions needed. Data needed for full marks. (Data must refer to trend over time. Not a single point.) Describe the trends shown on the graph (4 marks) Award [1] for stating that all areas experience a decline in fertility rate. Award a further [1] each for any two valid and distinct statements, with quantification necessary for the final [1]. • Africa, Asia and Latin America have had the largest decline, example of quantification a drop of between 2 and 3.2 children on average • North America, Europe and Oceania have had the smallest decline • regions that had an already small total fertility rate have experienced the smallest decline / or vice versa • two regions have declined below replacement level fertility. Identify the two goals towards which India had made more progress than South Asia (2 marks) in 2012. Goal 8 / partnership [1] Goal 6 / diseases [1] Describe the distribution of areas of very high soil degradation. [3] Award [1] for a geographical overview, eg there are small areas in almost every Continent. Award [1] each for two further valid points. Possibilities include: • the largest single area is in China/Southeast Asia • another large area exists in Southern Africa/Madagasgar • Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia have largest areas of very severe soil degradation • there is high soil degradation in the Middle East • limited areas in Central and South America • there is no area of very high soil degradation in Australia/New Zealand • most areas of high soil degradation are in low income regions. Responses that just list areas should be awarded a maximum of [1]. State the year in which total oil stocks were at their peak. [1] Referring to the graph, describe the trend in total oil stocks since the year 2000. [3] 1998 [1] Generally upwards [1] though with numerous peaks and troughs [1], with [1] for some attempt at quantification of the overall trend or of the fluctuation from the y axis. Describe the pattern shown on the bar graph [2 marks] Describe the pattern shown on the bar graph [2 marks] Award [1] for a valid regional comparison with an additional [1] for quantification. A simple list with numbers should receive no more than [1]. “Europe has more than twice as many tourist arrivals as any other region [1], and ten times as many as Africa [1].” Describe the the trend shown on the map [2 marks] Describe the the trend shown on the map [2 marks] Almost all regions have increased [1] except for the Middle East, which has decreased [1] by -5% [1]