Amidst the rising cases of Novel Coronavirus or Covid19, a lot of things had changed. The new
normal working from home, distance/online learning, lack of physical contact with others like our
friends, classmates, teachers, and other family members take time to get used to. But because of the
pervasiveness of technology, people are capable to communicate and are informed easily. It is in fact
that technology plays a significant role in this time of the pandemic.
Any technology that has to do with information and communication is so-called ICTInformation and Communication Technology. Information can come in many forms such as sound,
video, text, and images, so when you think of what technology that produces these aspects of
information and sometimes a combination of all these, we refer to such technology as computers and
any other. As a student, it is crucial to have a good foundation for computers and their function. In this
module, we will be dealing with computer literacy about word documents, excel, publisher, and
PowerPoint presentations.
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ICT 7
Name of Learner:__________________________________
Section:_________________________________
Grade Level:_____________
Date: _____________________
Parts of Computer and their Uses
Week 1
In this lesson you will learn about the different parts of computers:
CPU
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
Two additional parts will be also covered:
Speakers & Printer
LESSON OUTCOME
After you have studied this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify the different parts of the computer and know their use
Just as there are different parts of our body, a computer has different parts. Let us learn what these are.
CPU
Screen
Monitor
Mouse
Keyboard
Computer
Now let us learn in detail about each of the above parts of the computer.
CPU (central processing unit) is the brain of the computer.
Just as our brain controls all the different parts of the body and
makes them work together, the CPU controls all other parts of the
computer and makes them work together. All other parts of the
computer are connected to CPU. Just as our brain stores a lot of
information, the CPU is also the store - house of all the
information in the computer.
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A monitor is like a television; it shows us what work the computer carries out. This has a power
(on/off) switch. Turning the monitor off does not turn off the computer. There may also be other buttons to
be used for adjusting the image. The glass surface of the monitor is called the screen, whereas the monitor is
the entire box with the screen, case, stand and buttons.
Screen
Power switch (ON / OFF)
Monitor
The keyboard is made of several small buttons called 'keys'. Each key corresponds to a number or a
letter or some special function. Just as you use a pencil to write on a paper, the computer needs a keyboard
to tell it what to do.
Keyboard
A mouse is a pointing device that controls the movement of
a pointer on the screen. A mouse can have one to three buttons
that can be clicked to perform actions on the computer. Clicking
the mouse once is called a single click while clicking it twice in
quick succession is called a double click. Depending on which
side the clicked button of a mouse is, it may be called a right click
or a left click.
Additional parts of computer
• Speakers
Sounds produced by the computer or songs played on it are heard through the speakers.
• Printer
It is a device that helps you to print what you see on monitor on a paper.
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Worksheet
1. Colour the parts of the computer. Monitor in Yellow, CPU in Blue, Keyboard in Green and mouse
in Red
2. Write the names of the following parts of computer
M __ N __ T __ R
M __U __ E
K __Y__O __ R __
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C __U
3. Which parts of the computer are similar to human?
Computer parts
CPU
Human parts
Voice
Monitor
Brain
Speakers
Face
4. Fill in the blanks
1. ___________ is the brain of the computer (Keyboard/ CPU)
2. ____________ is like a television (Speakers/ Monitor)
3. ____________ is a pointing device (Keyboard/ Mouse)
4. __________ works like pencil of the computers (Printer/ Keyboard)
5. We hear sound produced by the computer through ___________ (Printers/ Speakers)
6. __________ prints what you see on the monitor (Printer/ CPU)
7. _____________ and 8. ____________ have power (on/ off) switch (Keyboard/ CPU/ Mouse/ Monitor)
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ICT 7
Name of Learner:__________________________________
Section:_________________________________
Grade Level:_____________
Date: _____________________
Exploring the MS Windows Environment
Week 2
LESSON OUTCOME
After you have studied this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify the windows desktop and its components such as the system tray, taskbar, etc.
Differentiate files and folders
INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS
Microsoft Windows Operating System
All computers and computer like devices have operating systems, including your laptop, tablet,
desktop, Smartphone, smart watch, router etc.
Windows is operating system from Microsoft Inc. It is a system program that controls,
coordinates and manipulates overall desktop publishing operations. It serves as an interface between the
hardware and other software on the computer system. It allocates memory locations to data and other
computer programs. It controls other computer resources like files and programs, input/output devices,
computer memories etc. during data processing operations. It also performs the hardware and software
diagnosis to detect faults and errors.
Microsoft was founded in April 4, 1975 to develop and sell interpreters, a basic computer
program for early computers. The personal computers became popular in the 1980’s, which led to the
development and release of Windows 1.0 on November 20, 1985.
Starting Windows
Upon starting the computer/laptop, Windows may seek the user to identify which user profile
will be used. A computer may have several users or profiles, created by an administrator, someone
who controls the settings and features of the operating system. A profile may prompt for a password, or
not, depending on the settings.
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•
The Windows Desktop
The desktop pertains to the first screen that loads when starting up the Windows. It can contain
icons, which acts as shortcuts to the installed programs of the computer. The Windows desktop can
also be a location where files can be saved.
The Windows desktop contains the taskbar, found on the bottom part of the screen. The taskbar
has the Start button on the leftmost, pinned programs in the middle, and the system tray on the right.
Upon clicking the Start button (or Windows logo), the Start Menu pops up and shows more
programs, which the user can click in order to be launched. The Windows 10 Start Menu has two parts.
The left part contains smaller icons which also pinned programs, while the right part contains tiles—
shortcuts with improved graphic interface.
Figure 1.The Windows
desktop and Start Menu
1. Desktop
2. Start button
3. Pinned programs on
Taskbar
4. System tray
5. Pinned programs in
Start Menu
6. Tiles
•
Working with Windows Desktop Icons
The desktop serves as a repository for shortcut links, and at the same time, can be a location
where files are saved. The advantage of putting files in the desktop is that it is immediately seen right
after Windows starts up.
Figure 2.Windows
desktop with icons
Windows desktop icons can be dragged around which allows the user to organize icons. Similar
to any other folder in Windows, icons can be right-clicked to show options for the program or file.
It may happen that there are too many icons resulting to a messy or disorganized desktop. Users
have the option to hide desktop icons by right-clicking on any blank area of the desktop, click “View”,
and uncheck the Show desktop icons option.
Figure 3.Show Desktop Icon
If unchecked, desktop icons will disappear on the desktop, but not deleted. The files and user
created shortcuts can still be accessed from “File Explorer,” which can be opened from the Start
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Menu>File Explorer. On the left navigation pane of File Explorer, look for Desktop. Shortcuts
automatically made by programs during their installation do not show up in this folder.
Figure 4.File Explorer
Files and Folders
The file explorer formerly known as windows explorer contains files and folder.
• Files – is any single resource that stores information, created by a program, and continues to be
available to the user. It could be a document, a spreadsheet, a picture, audio, video, etc.
• Filename- is the name assigned by the users that contains number of characters (letters,
numbers, symbols)
• File Path- the complete address of the file
• Folder – is a specific location where files can be saved. It helps in organizing files by creating
subfolders or folders within a folder.
File Types
There are different types of files that programs create. File types are determined by their file
extension, which is usually a three-letter code added to the filename. For example, the filename
“myassignment” and the extension “txt,” which means it is a text file. The filename and the extension is
separated by a dot.
The file extension determines what programs can open the file. A text file can be opened by any
word processor like Notepad, Wordpad, or MS Word. An image file can be opened by any image editing
program such as Paint, Adobe Photoshop.
Figure 5.File Extension in Folder
Here are some files types, their file extension, and some possible programs that can open them.
File Type
File Extensions
Programs
Document files
.doc, .docx
MS Word, LibreOffice Writer, Wordpad
Image files
.jpg, .bmp, .png, .tiff
MS Paint, Picture Manager, Adobe
Photoshop, Windows Live Photos
Sound files
.mp3, .wav
Windows Media Player, VLC Media Player
Video files
.mp4, .mov
Windows Media Player, VLC
Spreadsheet files
.xls,.xlsx, .xlsm
MS Excel, LibreOfficeCalc
Table 1.File Types, their Extensions and Possible Programs.
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Some file types can be opened by different and even unrelated programs. For example, a .csv file
comma separated values) can be opened by any spreadsheet programs and Notepad. A .pdf file (portable
document format) used to be only opened by PDF reader and latest version of MS word.
File Properties
Files have properties that can be viewed by right clicking on the File Icon, then selecting Properties.
The Properties pop-up contains information regarding the file such as its file type, what program opens
the file by default, its complete file path or address location, its size, and date and times it was created,
modified, or last accessed.
Figure 6. File Properties Window
The properties window has a Security tab that allows the user to change who can access the file
based on the username. The lower portion of the Security tab further controls the permission of each
user towards the file. A user can be denied of editing the file, opening it, or both; and this is done simply
by checking Deny box for the action to be modified.
Figure 7. Properties Window
Security tab
Working with Folders
The File Explorer contains folders that contain the files. Subforldersare also viewed as icons
together with the files. To open these folders, simply double-click. The complete address of the current
folder can be seen in the address box.
File Explorer also has a navigation pane, found on the left side of the window. This contains
shortcuts to other folders in the system. To open folders from the navigation, a single click is enough.
Figure 8. File Explorer showing
a subfolder
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Similar to files, folders also has properties, which can also be viewed by right-clicking on the
folder, then selecting Properties. Folder Properties contain almost the same information as File
Properties, but also includes the breakdown or count of the files and subfolders.
The Customize tab (shown in Figure 12) contains options in changing how the folder will look
like. The Photos folder’s Choose File option changes what thumbnails can be seen on top of the folder
icon.
The Change Icon button allows the user to change the icon that the folder uses, other than the
normal folder icon
A folder with a changed icon can be easy to recognize out of several folders. If the user needs to
change the icon back to normal, the user has to go back to Folder Properties > Customize then click
Restore Default button.
Figure 9. Customize tab
Change Icon and
Restore Default
CREATING A NEW FOLDER
New folders may be needed in order to further categorize files. To do this, in the File Explorer,
locate the folder where this new folder will be created Right-click on any blank space and choose
New>Folder.
Figure 10. Create New
Folder from rightclick
Creating a new folder can also be done by going to Home tab, then clicking the New Folder button.
Figure 11. Create new Folder
via Home tab
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A shortcut key can also be used to create new folder. A shortcut key is a keyboard combination
that prompts certain actions to be executed. To create a new folder on the target location of the folder,
press the Ctrl + Shift + N key at the same time.
MOVING, RESIZING, AND SCROLLING WINDOWS
All windows can be moved, resized, or scrolled. To move a window, use left-click on the title
bar. The title bar is the upper area of a window where the name of the folder is found. Hold the leftclick and drag the window towards the desired location.
To resize a window, left-click on any of the corners. The cursor will become diagonal with
arrowheads on both ends.
A window display may not be enough to display all icons saved in the folder. When this
happens, scrollbar shows up on the right side (and sometimes bottom side) of the window. The scrollbar
can be clicked and dragged to be moved. This will allow the user to see other icons that are not initially
visible in the folder/window.
Figure 12. Scrollbars
MINIMIZING, RESTORING AND MAXIMIZING WINDOWS
Windows can be minimized in order to send it temporarily out of
view. The minimized button is found on the upper right corner of the
window, on the title bar. Together with the minimized button is the
maximize button and close buttons.
When a window is minimized, it goes to the taskbar, where an icon
represents the window. This icon can be clicked to restore the window back to view. Windows of the
same program are compiled in one taskbar icon. When this happens, as the user clicks the taskbar icon,
it shows a small screenshot of the documents or windows of the program.
Figure 13. Taskbar icon
showing working
programs
Meanwhile, when the window is open, the program can be maximized using the maximize
button. This will expand the window size to cover the entire screen. In this view, the maximize button is
then replaced by the restore down button which will bring back the full screen window to a smaller
size.
The close button exits the window, which will then close the program. It is possible that the
program will prompt confirmation if the user indeed wishes to close the program.
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CHANGING THE APPEARANCE OF ICON IN FOLDERS
How the icons are displayed in the folder can be modified based on the user preference. In any
folder, click the View tab and choose the preferred layout. The screenshot below shows the icons in
Large icons layout, as seen in the tab.
Figure 14. View tab and icon
layout
The Details layout can show some information regarding the files. By default, it shows the date
modified, file type, and file size.
Figure 15. Icons in details
layout
More file information can be added to this view by right clicking on any of the detail headers and
choosing the additional information type. This additional header is applied only to this header.
Other layout options include Extra large icons, Small icons, Tiles, List, and Content.
POWER OPTIONS
The operating system can be shut down through the Power button at the Start Menu. The
Shutdown option will close the computer.
If there are any open programs when the Shutdown is triggered, Windows will prompt the user if
he/she indeed wants to switch off the PC without saving programs.
The Restart option will shutdown the operating system, then switch it on back again. This is
mainly used to clear the computer when it hangs or gets an error.
The Sleep option will shut the computer down, but will save an image or state of the current
session such that when the computer is opened, it will resume the previous programs in their state before
it was shutdown.
Figure 16.Power Options
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Lesson Exercise
A. Identify the windows desktop and its components. Write your answer inside the boxes.
B. Use the Venn diagram below. Compare files and folders of computers.
Files
Differences
Folders
Similarities
Differences
References:
•
Microsoft windows operating system. Retrieved October 2016
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317182647_MICROSOFT_WINDOWS_OPERATING_SYST
EM
•
Desktop Image. August 23, 2021
https://tr3.cbsistatic.com/hub/i/r/2016/12/08/7f9849d9-1fc5-4140-8c643ea7ec4d28ec/resize/1200x/7b824af44d90ad0e330154819d7793ac/screenshot-from-2016-12-08143410.png
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ICT 7
Name of Learner:__________________________________
Section:_________________________________
Grade Level:_____________
Date: _____________________
Exploring and Maintaining Your Computer
Week 3
LESSON OUTCOME
After you have studied this lesson, you will be able to:
Understand the function of different omponents of windows desktop.
THE TASK BAR
The taskbar is the bar found on the bottom of the desktop. It contains the Start button, a few task
buttons, the icon of minimized programs, programs that are pinned to the task bar, and the system tray.
The taskbar is always visible by default. Righ-clicking
on any unused space of the taskbar will produce a
menu that can alter the view of the desktop, show and
hide toolbars, etc. the Lock the taskbar option, if
unchecked, would slide the taskbar down to the
bottom of the screen if auto-hide option is checked in
the properties.
A hidden taskbar can be viewed again by putting the
mouse cursor on the bottom most part of the screen.
USING THE SEARCH FEATURE
Windows indexes all files by default. This means
users can search items in the entire operating system
by typing in the search feature found in the taskbar.
The Search button is found beside the Start button.
Search Button
When the search window shows up, the user can start typing keywords of the file or program
he/she is looking for. There is no need to type the full name of the file/ program.
THE SYSTEM TRAY
The system tray is found on the right side of
the taskbar and contains smaller icons which
correspond to system actions. More icons can be
displayed by clicking the arrowon the left of the other
system tray icons.
Other items in the system tray include the speaker
settings where the speaker volume can be controlled.
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The battery information and power saving
options show the percentage left of the battery and its
corresponding operation time, the brightness settings
which can be changed by clicking the button with the
light icon, and the link where the Power and Sleep
settings can be opened. The system tray also houses
the button for the Action Center. The Action Center
contains mores tiles where other system options can be
accessed. Included in this pane are Bluetooth
Connection settings, Tablet mode, Wi-Fi settings,
Projector mode, etc. The Action Center also displays
some notifications from the system.
USING FILE EXPLORER
The File Explorer can be found in the Start Menu. It is used to navigate different files and folder.
Files and folders can be opened by double clicking the file or by right clicking on the icon and choosing
open.
Renaming a File or Folder
A file or folder can be renamed to another file
name or folder name. this can be done by rightclicking thefile and choosing Rename from the
options.
A file cannot be renamed when it is open. Users
must close the file first, then the rename action
can now be done.
Deleting Files and Folders
Files and folders can be deleted to free up space
and remove clutter. It can be deleted by rightclicking on its icon, then choosing delete from the drop-down. You can also take faster way to delete a
file by clicking its icon and pressing Delete Key on the keyboard.
A deleted file goes to Recycle Bin, a repository for files that are not yet permanently deleted. You can
restore the file or permanently delete it from the computer.
To permanently delete a file from the computer, you can press the Control key and Delete key
(Ctrl+Delete)
Restoring Deleted Files or Folders
A file that is not yet permanently deleted can still be restored. If a file was accidentally deleted, simply
press the Ctrl+Z to undo the action.
However, if the file has been deleted for quite some time, and has already been in the Recycle Bin, the
only way to restore it back is by going to the recycle bin. Right-click on the file or folder that needs to
be restored, then click Restore.
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Copying or Moving Files or Folders
Files and folders can be copied or moved to
another location. Copying means duplicating
the file, while moving means the same file is
transferred to a different location.
To copy a file or folder, right-click on its icon,
then select Copy. Then, go to the new folder
location, right-click on any blank area of the
folder, then select Paste. The Paste option
only shoes up when a Copy (or Cut)
command was previously initiated.
The same process is done to move files.
Instead of selecting Copy from the dropdown, choose Cut, locate the new folder, then
Paste.
There are other ways to execute a copy or cut, then paste action. The Home Tab has buttons for Copy,
Cut, and Paste.
The Home Tab also has to a Move To and Copy To options. After selecting the file, click either of the
buttons, and it will drop-down common folder used. Select the folder and the action will execute.
SWITCHING BETWEEN OPEN PROGRAMS OR WINDOWS
Windows can have several programs running at the same time. This is done so the user can do several
tasks at a time. With the mouse, users can switch between open programs by clicking the icons in the
taskbar.
It is also possible to switch between programs using the keyboard. Pressing Alt + Tab keys at the same
time launches the Switch Program feature that shows a screenshot of the open programs.
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To select programs, hold down the Alt key while pressing the Tab key several times. The clicking of the
Tab key will make the cursor move to the right program in the “list” programs. When the last program
has been reached, and the Tab key is pressed again, it will return to the first program in the list, creating
a loop. A move to the left can be done by pressing the Shift key together with the Alt + Tab action.
The taskbar has the Task View button that can also show screenshot of all active programs.
When the Task View button is clicked, the active programs will fill in the screen. Unlike the Alt + Tab
action, there is no need to hold the Alt or any other key to keep the view. There is more freedom to
examine the screenshot of the program.
Each screenshot also has exit button to help the user in cleaning up open programs.
THE CONTROL PANEL
The Control Panel is a tool in the
Windows operating systems that
consolidates all other system tools
and wizards in the system. System
Tools are utilities that control
settings of a certain feature of the
operating system. Wizards are
multi-paged system tools (or
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features) that aid the user in accomplishing certain task in the program, tasks that usually require several
user inputs.
The Control Panel can be accessed by typing its name on the search from the taskbar. It shows
categorized options for the user like System and Security, Network and Internet, Hardware and
Sound, Programs, User Accounts, Appearance and Personalization, Clock, Language, and Region,
and Ease of Access. Users can simply click on the link for the tool in order to launch the tool or wizard.
The start menu also has Settings button which launches more settings options. This window is similar to
Control Panel but uses tiles instead of links to display the list of settings.
Display Options
Options regarding the computer screen can be accessed either via Control Panel > Appearance and
Personalization > Display or via Settings > System > Display.
The Control Panel Display shows the legacy view of Display options.
From this tool, users can navigate more tools on
the left pane. The Screen resolution and
brightness settings can be accessed. The setting
has a slider which the user can adjust.
The display options from the settings window
shows controls optimized for touchscreens, as
links are more spaced out for easy clicking.
Options are also displayed in a more simplified
manner than the Control Panel.
Users Accounts
A computer may have several users and each user may be given an account by an administrator. This
helps in ensuring that users have privacy with their files in the same computer. Users can also set the
computer based on their preferences without affecting the settings made by other users.
User account settings can be accessed from Settings> Accounts. The window will show the details of
the current username and user type.
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To create a new user, on the left navigation pane, click Family and other users. Click the button Add
someone else to this PC. Note that even if all users have a Settings button, only an administrator can
create users, or alter something settings in the computer. An administrator is a user that has higher
privileges than regular users. The first user of the computer, right after installation, is the administrator,
is the administrator, who has the highest access since he/she can create administrators.
When creating a user, windows will prompt for the name and password. It is always best to assign a
password to users to protect their privacy. Administrators can usually reset a password if the regular
users forget their passwords. Once the Next button is clicked, creating the user is done and will now
appear in the list of users.
User account types (whether administrator or regular user) can be changed by clicking the username
from the list, then clicking the Change account type button.
The administrator can then change the account type. A Standard User is someone who does not have
admistrator privileges in the computer. They can use the computer but usually cannot make drastic
changes in the computer settings and cannot install programs.
Power Saving Options
With the popularity of laptops and other mobile devices,
operating systems have introduced features to save battery
power. By going to Settings > System, the options Battery
Saver and Power & Sleep can be accessed.
Battery SaverSettings allow the user to switch on Battery
Saver. This feature of Windows adjusts system functions to
lesser levels in order to save power. These functions include
screen brightness, graphic rendering, etc.
Power & Sleep options control when the screen turns off
automatically, both when plugged in or running on battery.
The automatic sleep options are also controlled in this part of
the Settings. Wi-Fi is a hardware feature that consumes a lot
of energy. The Power & Sleep settings allow the user to
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control whether Wi-Fi will remain connected even if computer is in Sleep mode.
CHANGING THE DATE AND TIME
Though there is a shortcut from the taskbar’s tray, the date and time can also be changed from
the Settings > Time & Language window. By default, the computer sets the time based on the initial
time that was entered during the installation of the operating system. In order to change the time, switch
of the automatic date & time setting. This will enable the Change button.
The date and time can now be changed manually. Note that when the computer repetitively
displayed delayed time even after
being set. Several times, this means
the computer’s BIOS battery may
need to be changed. The BIOS
battery is a button battery found in
the computer’s motherboard. This
provides power to computer
functions that has to remain active
even if the computer is powered
off, such as maintaining the date
and time of the computer correctly.
Lesson Exercise
A. Define the function of each term indicated below. Write your answer in the space provided.
1. Task bar
2. File explorer
3. User account settings
B. Write a step-by-step process on each task below.
4. Copying or Moving Files or Folders
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5. Adjusting screen resolution and brightness
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ICT 7
Name of Learner:__________________________________
Section:_________________________________
Grade Level:_____________
Date: _____________________
General Program Options
Week 4
LESSON OUTCOME
After you have studied this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify the different shortcut keys and its function.
The Ribbon
The ribbon was introduced in 2007 version of Microsoft Office software. It is a wide bar found
in the upper part of the window. It contains buttons for almost all functions of program and replaced the
old Menu bar which was a narrower bar that also contained functions, but did not have icons.
Figure 1. Ribbon of MS Word
Windows Vista, also released in 2007, was the first operating system that used the ribbon. Other
Microsoft products gradually implemented the ribbon in the following years.
On the rightmost of every ribbon is a pin – pinning locks the ribbon into place, while unpinning
automatically hides the ribbon when it is not in use.
Ribbons usually have default tabs based on the program. For example, the MS Word ribbon has
default tabs such as Home, Insert, Design, Page Layout, References, and Mailings. File Explorer would
have the Home, Share, and View tabs.
These tabs have Tab Groups. Tab Groups are collection of related tab controls. All contextrelated buttons in the ribbon must belong under one group.
Contextual Tabs
When an object is clicked in the program, the ribbon will offer more functionalities related to
that object. For example, clicking an inserted shape in MS Word would bring out the Format tab in the
ribbon.
Tabs that show up only when a certain object is clicked or activated are called contextual tabs.
Figure 2. The Format
Contextual tab
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Save Options
Some functions can be considered universal in the computer. They are operations that are
frequently done and which are the same in most programs. These operations include saving, printing,
existing, etc.
When saving files in a program, there are two main save types: Save and Save As.
A regular Save option would overwrite the existing file with the new one, if the file is saved in
the same folder as the original file with the new one, if the file is saved in the same folder as the original
file. In effect, only one file is produced all the time, and is simply updated with the changes whenever
the save command is triggered. Save options can be found in the File tab of the ribbon of several
programs like MS Word, MS Excel, Adobe Photoshop, and any other programs that can generate files.
Files can also be saved by pressing Ctrl + S shortcut key. This shortcut key is used by almost all
programs to trigger the Save command via keyboard, without the need for further navigation.
The second save type is the Save As option. This option does not overwrite the original or
existing file. Instead, the user is asked to assign another filename for the file. The program will then
create another file with the new filename. Other than the filename, the Save As command can also
change the file type and file location.
Figure 3. Save As option
Print Options
Documents and files can be printed into a hard copy. When a printer is attached, the operating
system automatically updates all the programs in order to include the option to print through the printer.
A print action can be done by going to the File tab and choosing Print. The Ctrl + Pkeys can
also trigger the print command.
Figure 4. Printing in MS Word
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The Print window will seek confirmation from the user regarding how the file will be printed.
These options include which printer to use (if there are more than one printer attached to the computer),
number of pages, paper orientation either Portrait or Landscape, paper size, margin settings, etc.
A preview shows how the output will look like. Sometimes, a separate Print Preview option is
offered in a program.
Existing a Program
Most programs can be closed in two ways: through its file button (File > Close) or through the
Exit button found on the upper right part of the title bar of almost all programs.
When an Exit command is triggered, the program checks whether there are changes in the
document and asks the user if he/she wishes to save the changes. This is through a dialog box, a
message box that offers several options for the user.
Figure 5. The Exit dialog box
If a files is not saved when a program is closed, any unsaved changes are discarded, which
means the user will be reverted back to an old version of the file when the user open the again. This also
happens when the computer is shut down and the save command was not executed.
However, some programs have a feature that can recover unsaved versions of the file.
Learning Exercise
Identify the task assigned for each of the shortcut key:
1. Ctrl + S –
2. Ctrl + P –
3. Ctrl + C –
4. Ctrl + X –
5. Ctrl + Z –
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ICT 7
Name of Learner:__________________________________
Section:_________________________________
Grade Level:_____________
Date: _____________________
Getting Started with MS Word
Week 5
LESSON OUTCOME
After you have studied this lesson, you will be able to:
Determine the history of word processing software
Identify basic features of MS Word
Introduction to Word Processing
A word processor is a device or software that can compose, edit, format, and print documents.
It is used to create various kinds of paperwork, legal documents, forms and etc.
Its predecessor is the typewriter which relied on mechanical system in order to work. It can
create documents by imprinting letters as they were typed on the keyboard. it later evolved onto the
electric typewriter and then finally, with the spread of the personal computer, word processing was
made through software applications.
MS Word was first releasedin October 25, 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix
Systems. Xenix is a discontinued operating system licensed by Microsoft. It was non-GUI word
processor. It was not very successful then because Microsoft was not leading the software market during
that time. In 1990, when Windows 3.0 was released, MS Word became a huge success.
Word 97 introduced the assistant Clippit, which was an animated paper clip that provides help to
users. Word followed the same format up to the release of Word 2002, which came with Windows XP.
Microsoft Office 2003 was the first release that bundled MS Word with the other MS Office
applications. The release of programs in bundles continued until the latest releases. Microsoft Office
2007 first introduced the ribbon in MS Word's interface. MS Word 2010 further improved the interface
and brought back the File tab which was replaced by the Windows logo in the 2007 versions. MS Word
2013 and 2016 share the same look and icons except for the green title bar found in 2016.
All in all, improvements in MS Word were not visually obvious to the regular user as
improvements in other MS Office applications. MS Word 2013 allowed editing of PDF files, which was
a non-editable file type. MS Word 2016 connected the program to SharePoint which allowed users to
instantly share the file within an organization's website.
MS Word Backstage View
The Backstage view started in MS Office 2010. It can be
triggered by clicking the File Tab. The Backstage refers to the screen
that totally hides the view of the editable document in
MS word.
The Backstage view has default tabs found on
the left pane, which corresponds to frequent actions in
the program like Open, Save, Save as, Print, Close, etc.
Figure 2. Protect
Document option
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Figure 1.MS Word Backstage
view
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It also has access to Options which allows the user to change the settings of the program. On the right
part of the view are details related to the file such as file size, number of pages, etc.
The Info tab contains buttons such as Protect document, Check for Issues, and Manage
Versions. Protect Document housed the security options available in the program such as Mark as
Final which will save the document and add a warning to the seller that the document has been marked
as final( this can be easily disregarded anyway with the Edit Anyway button, found together with the
warning); Encrypt with Password which will prompt a password for the user before opening the file;
Restrict Editing which allows the file owner to customize the permissions that the other users will have
when opening the file, such as limiting to formatting only, filling out forms only, etc.
The MS Word Ribbon Interface
Since MSWord 2007, the ribbon has been used by the program to display icons and featured.
The default ribbon tabs of MS Word are:
Figure 3. MS Word Ribbon
Table 1.Tab Names and
Description
Trivia ⊳
Tab Name
File
Home
The File tab was one of the
original features of the MS Word
(and other Microsoft software)
since its first release. It contains
the most common tasks like
Save, Open, New, Print and
Close. It was removed in Office
2007, was replaced by the
Windows logo button, placed on
the same position (upper left of
the window). However, it was
returned in the next release of
Office 2010.
Insert
Design
Page Layout
References
Mailings
Review
View
Description
Shows the Backstage view and displays general program
options such as Save, Open, Print, Share, etc.
Contains most of the formatting options such as Font
formats, Paragraph formats, Styles, etc.
Contains buttons to add different objects in the document
such as Pictures, Shapes, Textboxes, Comments, Tables,
etc.
Contains general document format options, Page
Background options, etc.
Contains Page Setup options such as Margins, Orientation,
Page Size, and other object arrangement options.
Contains features related to technical writing such as
Caption, Cross Reference, Citations, Bibliography
A tab mostly dedicated for the Mail Merge feature
Contains the Spelling & Grammar Check, Thesaurus, Track
Changes option, etc.
Contains options for different document views and zoom
options
Starting a Document
When MS Word launches, the Backstage view defaults of the New tab presents templates for a
new document. Usually, the Blank Document option is selected to start a document from scratch.
Figure 4.New tab
This procedure of going to the File tab to start a
new document can also be done when another document
is active. It will simply create a second window with a
new blank document.
The keyboard shortcut Ctrl + N can also be
clicked while in an open document to trigger MS Word
to start a new document.
Aside from starting MS Word with a blank
document, the Backstage view of the New tab also
offers online templates. Use the Searched field to find a
document type like a newsletter, business card, labels,
etc. if you are connected to the Internet, it will download
more templates online.
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Figure 5.Search for templates
Moving Around the Document
It is, of course, necessary to move around the document. A mouse with a middle scroll function
is an excellent way to scroll documents up and down. Else, the mouse can be drag to scroll bar of MS
Word to navigate the document. The keyboard can also be used to navigate the document.
Table 2.Keyboard and its
Action
Keyboard
Page Up
Page Down
Home
End
Left and Right
Arrow Keys
Up and Down
Arrow Keys
Action
Move the cursor one page up
Move the cursor one page down
Move the cursor to the beginning of the line
Move the cursor to the end of the line
Navigate the document one letter at a time
(left, right)
Navigate the document one line at a time
(up, down
The Status Bar
The Status bar, located at the bottom right of the MS Word window, shows the current progress
of a certain executed action in the program. For example, doing a save action will trigger the status bar
to show the progress of the action.
The status bar can be a great tool to determine if the program is busy doing something, including
scheduled tasks such as saving recovery copies or opening large documents. When a program is doing
something, it is best to wait for the task to be completed before doing another task to avoid overloading
the program. The X button can be used to cancel the task.
Quick Formatting
MS Word offers quick formatting
options which can be applied on texts on
the document. Highlight the text that
needs to be formatted, and the Quick
Format option pops up near the end of the
last character highlighted, the popup can
be used to bold, italicize, enlarge, or
change the style of the fonts.
Once the cursor has been moved
away from this popup box, it disappears,
and can be made to appear again by right
clicking on the highlighted text.
Figure 6. The status bar
Learning Exercise
2) Quick Formatting
A. Write the timeline of the different versions of MS Word and itsoptions
basic features.
YEAR
VERSION
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ICT 7
Name of Learner:__________________________________
Section:_________________________________
Grade Level:_____________
Date: _____________________
Creating Simple Word Documents
Week 6
LESSON OUTCOME
After you have studied this lesson, you will be able to:
Create a document in MS Word containing texts with different formats.
Identify how to create page breaks and blank pages
ACTIVITY 1
Compare the two documents and answer the questions below.
Operating System
Operating System
An operating system is software that manages
computer hardware and other software.
An operating system is software that manages
computer hardware and other software.
File Types
File Types
There are different types of files that programs
create. File types are determined by their extension,
which is usually a three-letter code added to the
filename.
There are different types of files that programs create.
File types are determined by their extension, which is
usually a three-letter code added to the filename.
Start
Start
Clicking the Start button (or Windows logo,) the
Start Menu pops up and shows more programs,
which the user can click in order to be launched.
Clicking the Start button (or Windows logo,) the Start
Menu pops up and shows more programs, which the
user can click in order to be launched.
1. Which document looks more professional?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What makes this version of the document more professional than the other?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. How would the unprofessional document be perceived by a reader? What if the reader is your
teacher?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Working with Texts
MS Word specialized in creating documents, which, of course, is about texts. Rather than just
plainly typing texts on the document, the keyboard can change the way texts are entered.
The Tab Key moves the cursor to the next tab. Tabs are points in the document, usually starting
from the left that the tab key will position the cursor on. Usually, each click of the tab automatically
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moves the cursor by half an inch. This feature can be used to create indentions when starting a new
paragraph.
The Shift key is used to switch the entering of text to uppercase. Normally, texts are entered in
lowercase or small letters. Holding down the Shift key while typing enters the typed texts as uppercase
or big letters. This is useful when starting sentences or if there are proper names to be entered randomly
inside sentences.
Pressing the Shift key also triggers the second function of a key. For example, holding down the
Shift key while pressing the number 7 key will enter the ampersand (&) instead. Clicking the Shift key,
then the Tab key will move the cursor one tab to the left, instead of the default tab right.
If the user needs to enter texts in all uppercase (like abbreviations, name initials, etc.) holding
down the Shift key while doing so many tedious or impractical. In these cases, pressing the Caps
Lockkey can be a better option. Once the Caps Lock is pressed, the succeeding letter keys will be
entered in uppercase. This can be useful when entering long strings of texts in uppercase. Pressing the
Caps Lock again will return the key entry back to normal or lowercase. Usually, an indicator, either a
light on the keyboard or a prompt on the screen, will show up to signal that the Caps Lock key has been
pressed and is in effect.
When wrong words or characters are entered, the Backspace key can remove entered texts, from
the current position of the cursor, towards its left (triggering an action as if the cursor is moving back,
hence the name Backspace). The Delete key also removes entered characters but the cursor does not
move from its current position. Instead, the characters on the right of the cursor is deleted, which in
effect, pulls the succeeding characters to move to their left to fill in the space that the deleted character
once occupied.
Using the Find and Replace Feature
MS Word can be supplied with words (or technically called strings), which it will search in the
document. It will then highlight the words being searched for by the user. This feature pertains to MS
Word’s Find tool, which can be accessed either by pressing the Ctrl + F shortcut key or by going to the
Home tab, then clicking the Find button found on the rightmost Editing tab group.
Figure 1.Editing tab group
The Find feature will trigger the Navigation Pane which contains one field in the upper area.
The word or words being searched can be entered in this field and MS Word will highlight the words in
the document. At the same time, it will list down the results in the Navigation Pane, together with a
count of the word’s instances.
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Figure 2. Find feature using the Navigation Pane
An extension of the Find feature is the
Find and Replace tool, which can also be
found in the Home tab, but can triggered by
Ctrl + Hfrom the keyboard.
Figure 3.Find and Replace tool
This tool seeks what word will be replaced (to be entered in the Find what field), and the word
to replace instances of the searched word (to be entered in the Replace with field). For example, the
user can enter the word but to be replaced with the word however and MS Word will then find the next
or all instances of the word but.
Users must click the More >> button and checkthe box named Find whole words only.This
would ensure that only the word pen itself will be replaced.
Figure 4.More options in Find and Replace
Other options that will show up when the More button is clicked, include an option to match the
case or capitalization of the word, or matching all forms of the word. (e.g. searching for the word \swim
will result in finding not just swim but the words swam and swum given they are forms (i.e. past tense
and past participle) of the word swim.
The Find and Replace tool has two more tabs. The Find tab features the old version of the Find
tool which functions similarity as the Navigation Pane’s Find tool but does not display a list of result.
The third tab is the Go Totool which helps in navigating the document. By default, the user can
enter a page number that MS Word will navigate to, but it can also use the Previous and Nextbuttons to
go to the next heading, line, etc.
Figure 5.Go To tool
Adding Blank Pages and Page Breaks
It has been a common practice to add blank pages by clicking the Enter key several times until it
reaches a new page. However, there are two more efficient (and proper) way to start new pages in a
document.
First is by doing to the Insert tab then clicking the Blank page button. This will add a new
blank page right after where the cursor’s current position. If the cursor is in the middle of a line,
characters after the cursor will move to another page, not on the new page that will be created.
Figure 6.Insert Blank Page
The second way is by pressing the Ctrl + Enter keys on the keyboard. This is the shortcut for
inserting a Page Break on the document which acts similarly as creating a new page.
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Layout Options
When creating documents, it is possible to edit the layout of the
page. Most of the options to change the way a page looks are found in the
Page Layout tab in the ribbon.
There are set margins that can be selected under the Margins
button. User can choose from Narrow, Moderate, Wide, Mirrored, or
customize the margin sizes.
Note that the margins can also be set using
the ruler of MS Word but the Margins drop-down
offers present margins. The ruler is found at the
upper part and left part of the MS Word window.
Margins can be manually set by dragging the ruler.
Figure 8. Adjusting the
margin via ruler
Figure 7. Page Layout tab
b
The Page Orientation button allows the user to switch between Portrait and Landscape page
layout.
The Page Size button presents the user with various paper sizes that the document will follow.
Options include Letter Size, Legal Size, A5, A4, etc.
Review Options
The Review tab presents options that can be used to proofread the
document, especially when it is done.
The Spelling & Grammar can check the document for any words that
are not part of the dictionary or does not follow correct grammar. Though not
always reliable, this tool can easily eliminate most grammar errors. Spelling
mistakes are highlighted with red underline while grammar or syntax problems
are highlighted with blue due to capitalization problem. The sample below shows
the word the is underlined blue due to capitalization problem, while the word
lzay (supposed to be lazy) is underlined red.
Figure 9.Page Size
options
By enabling the
Spelling & Grammar tool, a pane will
appear on the right which presents possible
spelling or grammar corrections to the
wrong word detected. The user has the
option to choose a word from the
suggestions to replace the wrong word
detected, ot ignore the mistake or all
Figure 10.Spelling Checker in Microsoft Word
intances of the mistake (by clicking the
b
Ignore
and
Ignore
All
buttons
respectively). The Add button will include the ‘wrong word’ in the dictionary of MS Word, which will
result in MS Word accepting the word as correct.
The Thesaurus presents synonyms to a highlighted
word. The user can right click on the preffered word and
click Insert to replace the word in the document
Another way to trigger the thesaurus is by right
clicking on the wprd (instead of going to the Review tab).
Figure 11.The Review tab
Choose Synonyms on the drop-down menu and choose the
b
synonym to replace the selected word.
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Figure 13.Synonym option from the right click drop-down menu
Figure 12.Thesaurus tool
The Review tab also has the Word Count tool which, as its name
implies, will give the number of words in the document. It will also include
count of pages, characters, paragraphs, etc.
Inserting Symbols and Other Special Characters
Figure 14. Word Count tool
The keyboard is limited to the keys it is programmed to do. Some keyboards
can enter more characters than other keyboards. However, all symbols and special
characters can be added through the Insert > Symbols > Symbol button.
Aside from the options presented in the drop-down, the More Symbols
option can provide more symbols and special characters such as the copyright
symbol, registered trademark symbol, etc.
The button part of the Symbol tool shows the shortcut key that
can trigger the symbol being inserted. In Figure 16, the lower part
indicated that the user must type Alt + 0178 on the document tp
produce the highlighted symbol.
Performance Tasks
1. Using the essay given in the box below, format the text following instructions below:
a. Font size of body text: 12
b. Font size of the title text: 16
c. Font color of the title text: blue
d. Font style of body and title text: Palatino Linotype
e. Change title to bold format
2. Use the Review tools to check any grammar errors.
3. Create page breaks and blank pages.
“Real-life heroes in the time of Covid -19” By Gustavo Gonzalez
COVID-19 might be today’s super-villain, but it does not deter our real-life heroes from
doing their job and tirelessly working to find ways to combat the threat and eventually beat the
invisible nemesis. We mourn the thousands who have lost their lives to the virus across the globe,
including my colleage whom I havespokenof.
At the same time, we join Filipinos in upholding—in the midst of great adversity-- the
tradition of celebrating the best of human kindness, generosity, social justice, human rights,
solidarity and Bayanihan spirit. We celebrate what makes our front liners and humanitarian real-life
heroes. We salute them for continuously putting their lives on the line, despitethe risks and
uncertainties. Their efforts must not beoverlookedorforgotten.
Mabuhay ang Real-life Heroes!
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Modified by:
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Prepared by:
MS. JERIECA LYKA S. RUBIO, LPT
Head Teacher
Modified by:
MS. MARICRIS G. GARAO, LPT`
Subject Teacher
MR. KEVIN T. CANTOS, LPT`
Subject Teacher
Checked by:
MS. MAYBELL C. GONZALES, LPT`
Module Consultant
MS. JERIECA LYKA S. RUBIO, LPT
Head Teacher
Recommending Approval by:
MS. NERISSE S. DELOS REYES, MAEd, SMRIEdr
VP/ Basic Education Principal
Approved by:
DR. RAMON E. WOO, JR., CPA, DFRIEdr
Dean of Studies
Noted by:
DR. ROSALINA S. ANDAYA, Ed. D.,DFRIEdr
President
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