:G R@F, Rjc. :G09, Apjr`tifg Hamudjft`tiaf, ^rj-rjcj`sj, Issuj >8 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf HF>92=0902 Issuj >9 @pprav`c H`tj 2>09->8->: Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf Xlj ifeard`tiaf if tlis hamudjft `ppcijs sacjcy ta tlj l`rhw`rj/saetw`rj prahumt (–^rahumt—) spjmieijh ljrjif, `fh afcy `s spjmieijh ljrjif. Rjejrjfmj ta –Faki`— c`tjr if tlis hamudjft sl`cc dj`f tlj rjspjmtivj madp`fy witlif Faki` Graup ae Madp`fijs witl wlad yau l`vj jftjrjh ifta tlj @grjjdjft (`s hjeifjh bjcaw). Xlis hamudjft is iftjfhjh ear usj by Faki`'s mustadjrs (–Yau—) afcy, `fh it d`y fat bj usjh jxmjpt ear tlj purpasjs hjeifjh if tlj `grjjdjft bjtwjjf Yau `fh Faki` (–@grjjdjft—) ufhjr wliml tlis hamudjft is histributjh. Fa p`rt ae tlis hamudjft d`y bj usjh, mapijh, rjprahumjh, dahieijh ar tr`fsdittjh if `fy eard ar dj`fs witlaut tlj priar writtjf pjrdissiaf ae Faki`. Ie Yau l`vj fat jftjrjh ifta `f @grjjdjft `ppcim`bcj ta tlj ^rahumt, ar ie tl`t @grjjdjft l`s jxpirjh ar l`s bjjf tjrdif`tjh, Yau d`y fat usj tlis hamudjft if `fy d`ffjr `fh Yau `rj abcigjh ta rjturf it ta Faki` `fh hjstray ar hjcjtj `fy mapijs tljrjae. Xlj hamudjft l`s bjjf prjp`rjh ta bj usjh by praejssiaf`c `fh prapjrcy tr`ifjh pjrsaffjc, `fh Yau `ssudj eucc rjspafsibicity wljf usifg it. Faki` wjcmadjs yaur maddjfts `s p`rt ae tlj pramjss ae maftifuaus hjvjcapdjft `fh idpravjdjft ae tlj hamudjft`tiaf. Xlis hamudjft `fh its maftjfts `rj pravihjh `s ` mafvjfijfmj ta Yau. @fy ifeard`tiaf ar st`tjdjfts mafmjrfifg tlj suit`bicity, m`p`mity, eitfjss ear purpasj ar pjreard`fmj ae tlj ^rahumt `rj givjf sacjcy af `f –`s is— `fh –`s `v`ic`bcj— b`sis if tlis hamudjft, `fh Faki` rjsjrvjs tlj riglt ta ml`fgj `fy suml ifeard`tiaf `fh st`tjdjfts witlaut fatimj. Faki` l`s d`hj `cc rj`saf`bcj jeearts ta jfsurj tl`t tlj maftjft ae tlis hamudjft is `hjqu`tj `fh erjj ae d`tjri`c jrrars `fh adissiafs, `fh Faki` wicc marrjmt jrrars tl`t Yau ihjftiey if tlis hamudjft. Faki`'s tat`c ci`bicity ear `fy jrrars if tlj hamudjft is strimtcy ciditjh ta tlj marrjmtiaf ae suml jrrar(s). Faki` hajs fat w`rr`ft tl`t tlj usj ae tlj saetw`rj if tlj ^rahumt wicc bj ufiftjrruptjh ar jrrar-erjj. FA W@RR@FXY AE @FY KIFH, JIXLJR J\^RJ]] AR ID^CIJH, IFMCZHIFG BZX FAX CIDIXJH XA @FY W@RR@FXY AE @U@IC@BICIXY @U@IC@BICIXY,, @MMZR@MY, @MMZR@MY, RJCI@BICIXY, RJCI@BICIXY, XIXCJ, FAF-IFERIFGJDJFX FAF-IFERIFGJDJFX,, DJRML@FX@BICIXY AR EIXFJ]] EAR @ ^@RXIMZC@R ^ZR^A]J, I] D@HJ IF RJC@XIAF XA XLJ MAFXJFX AE XLI] HAMZDJFX. IF FA JUJFX WICC FAKI@ BJ CI@BCJ EAR @FY H@D@GJ], IFMCZHIFG BZX FAX CIDIXJH XA ]^JMI@C, HIRJMX, IFHIRJMX, IFMIHJFX@C AR MAF]JPZJFXI@C AR @FY CA]]J], ]ZML @] BZX FAX CIDIXJH XA CA]] AE ^RAEIX, RJUJFZJ, BZ]IFJ]] IFXJRRZ^XIAF, BZ]IFJ]] A^^ARXZFIXY AR H@X@ XL@X D@Y @RI]J ERAD XLJ Z]J AE XLI] HAMZDJFX AR XLJ IFEARD@XIAF IF IX, JUJF IF XLJ M@]J AE JRRAR] IF AR ADI]]IAF] ERAD XLI] HAMZDJFX AR IX] MAFXJFX. Xlis hamudjft is Faki` praprijt`ry `fh mafeihjfti`c ifeard`tiaf, wliml d`y fat bj histributjh ar hismcasjh ta `fy tlirh p`rtijs witlaut tlj priar writtjf mafsjft ae Faki`. Faki` is ` rjgistjrjh tr`hjd`rk ae Faki` Marpar`tiaf. Atljr prahumt f`djs djftiafjh if tlis hamudjft d`y bj tr`hjd`rks ae tljir rjspjmtivj awfjrs. Mapyriglt © 2>09 Faki`. @cc riglts rjsjrvjh. e Idpart`ft Fatimj af ^rahumt ]`ejty Xlis prahumt d`y prjsjft s`ejty risks huj ta c`sjr, jcjmtrimity, lj`t, `fh atljr saurmjs ae h`fgjr. Afcy tr`ifjh `fh qu`cieijh pjrsaffjc d`y ifst`cc, apjr`tj, d`ift`if ar atljrwisj l`fhcj tlis prahumt `fh afcy `etjr l`vifg m`rjeuccy rj`h tlj s`ejty ifeard`tiaf `ppcim`bcj ta tlis prahumt. Xlj s`ejty ifeard`tiaf is pravihjh if tlj ]`ejty Ifeard`tiaf sjmtiaf if tlj –Cjg`c, ]`ejty `fh Jfvirafdjft`c Ifeard`tiaf— p`rt ae tlis hamudjft ar hamudjft`tiaf sjt. Faki` is maftifu`ccy strivifg ta rjhumj tlj `hvjrsj jfvirafdjft`c jeejmts ae its prahumts `fh sjrvimjs. Wj wauch cikj ta jfmaur`gj yau `s aur mustadjrs `fh usjrs ta oaif us if warkifg taw`rhs ` mcj`fjr, s`ejr jfvirafdjft. ^cj`sj rjmymcj prahumt p`mk`gifg `fh eaccaw tlj rjmaddjfh`tiafs ear pawjr usj `fh prapjr hispas`c ae aur prahumts `fh tljir madpafjfts. Ie yau slauch l`vj qujstiafs rjg`rhifg aur Jfvirafdjft`c ^acimy ar `fy ae tlj jfvirafdjft`c sjrvimjs wj aeejr, pcj`sj maft`mt us `t Faki` ear `fy `hhitiaf`c ifeard`tiaf. 2 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf X`bcj ae Maftjfts Xlis hamudjft l`s 5> p`gjs ]udd`ry ae ml`fgjs..................................................................... < 0 R]]-=0> madpci`fmj................................................................... 02 2 2.0 2.2 2. 2 2.= JZ madpci`fmj............................................................................. madpci`fmj.............................................................................0= 0= JZ RaL] st`tjdjft..................................................................... st`tjdjft.....................................................................0= 0= MJ d` d`rk rkif ifg. g... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .. 0= Hirjmtivj 2>08/:= 2>08/:=/JZ /JZ (RJH) @rtimcj 0>.0> madpci`fmj................ 08 = EMM EM M ^` ^`rt rt 0: ma madp dpci ci`f `fmj mj.. .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... 0: 8 Cist ae Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahuc Dahucj j ufits.................................05 : :.0 :.2 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj avjrvijw.....................................07 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D `hv`ft`gjs avjr Ecjxi Ductir`hia Ductir`hia 0> ]D....... 0< Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D madp`tibicity witl Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX].....0< :.= :.= :.8 Faki` Faki ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]D ml ml`i `ifi fifg fg.. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...09 .09 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D m`p`mity......................................................... m`p`mity.........................................................09 09 5 5.0 5.2 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj subr`mks hjsmriptiaf.................. 22 Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks spjmieim`tia spjmieim`tiafs........................................28 fs........................................28 Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks ^HZs spjm spjmieim`tiafs............................. ieim`tiafs............................. 2: 7 7.0 7.2 7.= Faki` Faki` Faki` Faki` =8 < Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj m` m`p` p`mi mity ty pc pcug ug-i -if f uf ufit its. s... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .. =5 9 9.0 9.0 9.2 9. 2 9.= 9. = Faki` Faki ` @ir ir]m ]m` `cj ]ys ystj tjd d Dahucj jfvi virrafd fdj jft` t`cc rjquir irjd jdj jfts `fh idp`mt...........................................................................................=< Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj jf jfvi vira rafd fdjf jft` t`cc rj rjqu quir irjd jdjf jfts ts.. .... .... .. =< FJB] FJ B] rj rjqu quir irjd jdjf jfts ts ea earr Fa Faki ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]D ]D.. ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... =9 Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj sa sauf ufh h pa pawj wjrr cj cjvj vjcs cs.. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ....8> ..8> 0> Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj pa pawj wjrr su supp ppcy cy sa sacu cuti tiaf afs. s... .... .... .... .... .... .... 80 00 Faki` Faki ` @ir ir]m ]m` `cj ]ys ystj tjd d Dahucj pawj wjrr rj rjq quir irj jdjfts `fh mafsudptiaf.................................................................................8= 02 02.0 02 .0 02.2 02 .2 02.= 02 .= Faki` Faki ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj CJ CJH H if ifhi him` m`ta tars. rs... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... 8: :G ma madd ddaf af pc pcug ug-i -if f uf ufit it CJ CJH H if ifhi him` m`ta tars rs.. .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ....8 ..8: : :G m` m`p` p`mi mity ty pc pcug ug-i -if f uf ufit it CJ CJH H if ifhi him` m`ta tars rs.. .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... 85 CXJ XJ/] /]R@ R@F F ma madd ddaf af pc pcug ug-i -if f uf ufit its s CJ CJH H if ifhi him` m`ta tars rs... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 87 HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj mad maddaf daf pcug-if ufits.................29 ]ystjd Dahucj syfm syfmlrafiz`tiaf..........................=2 lrafiz`tiaf..........................=2 ]ystjd Dahucj lach lachavjr avjr pjreard`fmj................=8 maddaf pcug-if ufits rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs..... © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. = Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf 8 02.8 02.8 CXJ XJ/] /]R@ R@F F m` m`p` p`mi mity ty pc pcug ug-i -if f uf ufit it CJ CJH H if ifhi him` m`ta tars rs.. .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... ....89 ..89 0= Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj f` f`di difg fg ma mafv fvjf jfti tiaf af.. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .. :0 08 @ppjfh @ppj fhix ix?? Fa Faki ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj ma maff ffjm jmta tars rs pi pif f d` d`ps ps.. .... .... :8 08.0 08.0 08.2 08 .2 08.= 08 .= HM if ifpu putt ma maff ffjm jmta tars rs pi pif f d` d`p. p... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... ....:8 ..:8 Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ma madd ddaf af pc pcug ug-i -if f uf ufit its s gr grau aufh fhif ifg g ma maff ffjm jmta tars rs.. .... .....:8 ...:8 Jxtj Jx tjrf rf`c `c @c @c`r `rd d Ma Maft ftra racc (J (J@M @M)) ma maff ffjm jmta tarr pi pif f d` d`p. p.... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ....: ..:: : 08.8 08.8 08.: 08 .: Jxtjrf Jxtj rf`c `c sy syfm fmlr lraf afiz iz`t `tia iaf f if ifpu putt ma maff ffjm jmta tarr pi pif f d` d`p. p... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... ...:5 .:5 Jxtj Jx tjrf rf`c `c sy syfm fmlr lraf afiz iz`t `tia iaf f au autp tput ut ma maff ffjm jmta tarr pi pif f d` d`p. p... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .. :7 0: 0:.0 0: .0 0:.2 0: .2 @ppjfh @ppj fhix ix?? Ha Hamu mudj djft ft`t `tia iaf f rj rjc` c`tj tjh h ta Fa Faki ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj BX BX]. ]... .... .... .... .... .. :9 :G ha hamu mudj djft ft`t `tia iaf f rj rjc` c`tj tjh h ta Fa Faki ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj BX BX].. ].... .... .... .... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .. :9 CXJ XJ/] /]R@ R@F F ha hamu mudj djft ft`t `tia iaf f rj rjc` c`tj tjh h ta Fa Faki ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj BX BX].. ].... .... .... .... ...:9 .:9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf Cist ae Eigurjs Eigu Eigurj rj 0 MJ d`rk d`rkifg. ifg....... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ .............0= .......0= Eigur igurj j2 RJH @rti @rtimcj mcj 0>.0 0>.0>-d >-d`rki `rkifg... fg......... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............ ......08 08 Eigurj Eigu rj = Faki` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystj ]ystjd d Dah Dahucj ucj `rml `rmlitjm itjmturj. turj....... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ...... 07 Eig igurj urj 8 ]ubr`mks ]ubr `mks scat fud fudbjr bjrifg.. ifg........ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. .......... ... 22 Eigurj Eigu rj : @DI@ avjr avjrvijw. vijw........ ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. .......2= .2= Eigur igurj j5 @DAB avjr avjrvijw. vijw....... ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............ ......2= 2= Eigur igurj j7 @DAH avjr avjrvijw vijw....... ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ......28 28 Eigurj Eigu rj < @DAB ^HZ eraf eraftt p`fj p`fjc..... c............ ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ........ .. 25 Eigur igurj j9 @DAH ^HZ eraf eraftt p`fj p`fjc...... c............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ........ .. 27 Eigur igurj j 0> @]I@ iftj iftjre`mj re`mjs..... s............ ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ......... ..29 29 Eigurj Eigu rj 00 @]IB iftj iftjre`mj re`mjs..... s............ ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. .........=> ..=> Eigur igurj j 02 @]IK iftj iftjre`mj re`mjs..... s............ ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ......... ..=> => Eigur igurj j 0= 0= @]I@ rjsj rjsjtt `fh `fh sjrv sjrvimj imj butt buttafs afs cam` cam`tiaf. tiaf....... ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ......=: =: Eigurj Eigu rj 08 @]IB rjsj rjsjtt `fh `fh sjrv sjrvimj imj butt buttafs afs cam` cam`tiaf. tiaf....... ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............=: ......=: Eigur igurj j 0: @]IK rjsj rjsjtt `fh sjrv sjrvimj imj butt buttafs afs cam` cam`tiaf tiafs s........................................... =: Eigur igurj j 05 Eigurj Eigu rj 07 @BI@ iftj iftjre`mj re`mjs..... s............ ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ......... ..=5 =5 @BIC iftj iftjre`m re`mjs.... js.......... ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ .......... .... =5 Eigur igurj j 0< ^awjrr apti ^awj aptiaf af 0..... 0........... ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. .......... ....80 80 Eigur igurj j 09 ^awjrr apti ^awj aptiaf af 2..... 2........... ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. .......... ....80 80 Eigurj Eigu rj 2> ^awjrr apti ^awj aptiaf af =..... =........... ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ..........82 ....82 Eigur igurj j 20 @]IK CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tarr cam` cam`tiaf tiafs...... s............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ......8: 8: Eigur igurj j 22 @BIC CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tarr cam` cam`tiaf tiafs...... s............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............ .....85 85 Eigurj Eigu rj 2= @]I@ CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tars rs cam` cam`tiaf tiaf....... ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ...........87 .....87 Eigur igurj j 28 @]IB CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tars rs cam` cam`tiaf tiaf....... ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ........... .....8< 8< Eigur igurj j 2: @BI@ CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tars rs cam` cam`tiaf tiaf....... ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ........... .....89 89 Eigurj Eigu rj 25 HM ifpu ifputt (@]I@ (@]I@,, @]IB, @]IB, @]IK) @]IK)....... ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ...........:8 .....:8 Eigurj Eigu rj 27 HM ifput ifput (@]I (@]I@@, @@, @]IB @]IB@, @, @]IK@ @]IK@)...... )............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ .......... .... :8 Eigurj Eigu rj 2< @]I@ @.0> @.0>0 0 grau graufhif fhifg g maff maffjmta jmtar...... r............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............ ..... :8 Eigurj Eigu rj 29 @]I@ @.2> @.2>2, 2, @]I@ @]I@@, @, @]IB, @]IB, @]IB @]IB@, @, @]IK, @]IK, @]IK @]IK@ @ grau graufhif fhifg g maff maffjmta jmtar. r. :: Eigurj Eigu rj => J@M LHDI maff maffjmta jmtarr pifs arh arhjr... jr......... ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ......... ... :: Eigurj Eigu rj =0 ]IF LHDI maff maffjmta jmtarr pifs arhj arhjr..... r........... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. .........:5 ...:5 Eigurj Eigu rj =2 ]AZX LHDI maff maffjmta jmtarr pifs arhj arhjr..... r........... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ...........:7 .....:7 HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. : Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf Cist ae X`bcjs 5 X`bcj 0 Rjcj`sjs Rjcj `sjs mavj mavjrjh rjh by tlj hamu hamudjf djft...... t............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. .......... ... < X`bcj 2 Cist ae Faki Faki` ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj subr subr`mks. `mks....... ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ .............05 .......05 X`bcj = Cistt ae Fak Cis Faki` i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj mad maddaf daf pcu pcugg-if if uf ufits...................................... its...................................... 05 X`bcj 8 Cistt ae Fak Cis Faki` i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj m`p m`p`mi `mity ty pcu pcugg-if if ufi ufits.......................................05 ts.......................................05 X`bcj : @ir]m` @ir ]m`cj cj l` l`rh rhw`r w`rj j m`p m`p`mi `mity ty ear CXJ (E (EHH HH `fh XHH)......................... 09 X`bcj 5 @ir]m` @ir ]m`cj cj l` l`rh rhw`r w`rj j m`p m`p`mi `mity ty ear Du Ducti cti-R@ -R@X X (G]D, WMHD@, WMHD@, CXJ)...... CXJ)...... 2> X`bcj 7 @ir]m`cj @ir] m`cj l`r l`rhw`r hw`rj j m`p` m`p`mity mity ear :G.. :G......... ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ .............2> .......2> X`bcj < Jxpjmt Jxp jmtjh jh tr` tr`fsp fspar artt pra pramjs mjssif sifg g m`p m`p`m `mity.............................................20 ity.............................................20 X`bcj 9 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj sub subr` r`mks mks hi hidjf djfsia siafs fs `f `fh h wjiglt............................... 28 X`bcj 0> Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj sub subr` r`mks mks if ifst` st`cc` cc`tia tiaf f spj spjm mieim`tiaf..............................28 X`bcj 00 @DAB @DA B ^HZ iftj iftjre`m re`mjs.... js.......... ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............25 ......25 X`bcj 02 @DAB @DA B ^HZ CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tars.... rs.......... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ .......... .... 25 X`bcj 0= @DAH @DA H ^HZ iftj iftjre`m re`mjs.... js.......... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............ .....27 27 X`bcj 08 @DAH @DA H ^HZ CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tars.... rs.......... ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ..........27 ...27 X`bcj 0: Maddaf Madd af pcug pcug-if -if ufit ufits s avjr avjrvijw. vijw....... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ...... 29 X`bcj 05 X`bcj 07 Maddaf pcug Maddaf pcug-if -if ufit ufits s iftj iftjre`mj re`mjs..... s............ ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. .......=> => Rjsjtt `fh sjrv Rjsj sjrvimj imj butt buttafs afs us`g us`gj j jee jeejmts.. jmts........ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ...........=8 ....=8 X`bcj 0< M`p`mity M`p` mity ufit ufits s avjr avjrvijw. vijw....... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. .......=5 =5 X`bcj 09 @BI@ iftj iftjre`mj re`mjs..... s............ ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ......... ..=5 =5 X`bcj 2> @BIC iftj iftjre`m re`mjs.... js.......... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ .......... .... =5 X`bcj 20 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]D tjd tjdpj pjr`t r`tur urj j `f `fh h lud ludihity ihity rjquirjdjfts..............=< X`bcj 22 Rjquirjh Rjqu irjh mcid` mcid`tim tim mafh mafhitiaf itiafs..... s............ ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ........ =9 X`bcj 2= ]ubr`mks' sauf ]ubr`mks' saufh h pawj pawjrr cjvj cjvjcs cs hjpj hjpjfhj fhjfmy fmy af tjdp tjdpjr`t jr`turj urj (dj` (dj`surj surjh h `mmarhifg ta I]A =788).......................................................................8> X`bcj 28 ]ubr`mks ]ubr` mks'' sau saufh fh paw pawjr jr cjv cjvjcs jcs hj hjpjf pjfhj hjfm fmy y af e`f praeicj `t 2=¾M (dj`surjh `mmarhifg ta I]A =788).................................................... 8> X`bcj 2: ^awjrr supp ^awj suppcy cy apti aptiafs afs supp suppart art by subr subr`mks.. `mks........ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ....... 80 X`bcj 25 X`bcj 27 Ifput vact` Ifput vact`gj gj ae tlj Faki Faki` ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystj ]ystjd d Dahu Dahucj cj Ifha Ifhaar.... ar.......... ........... ..... 8= ^awjrr mafs ^awj mafsudp udptiaf tiaf ae tlj Faki` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystj ]ystjd d Dah Dahucj ucj subu subufits fits `fh mafeigur`tia mafeigur`tiafs.............................................................................. fs.............................................................................. 8= X`bcj 2< @]IK CJH ifhi ifhim`tar m`tars s (:G (:G)..... )........... ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............8: ......8: X`bcj 29 @BIC CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tars rs (:G (:G)...... )............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............ ........... ..... 85 X`bcj => @]I@ `fh @]IB CJH ifhi ifhim`ta m`tars rs (C (CXJ, XJ, ]R@F ]R@F)...... )............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ......8< 8< X`bcj =0 @BI@ CJH ifhi ifhim`tar m`tars s (C (CXJ, XJ, ]R@F ]R@F)...... )............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. .......... ... 89 X`bcj =2 Faki` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj f`di f`difg fg mafv mafvjfti jftiaf... af......... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. .............:0 ......:0 X`bcj == R`hia R`hi a b`f b`fhs hs f`di f`difg fg mafv mafvjfti jftiaf.. af......... ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............. .......... ... := X`bcj =8 Maddaf Madd af dahu dahucjs cjs HM ifpu ifputt maff maffjmta jmtars.... rs.......... ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. .........:8 ...:8 X`bcj =: Maddaf Madd af ufit ufits s grau graufhif fhifg g maff maffjmta jmtars.... rs.......... ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. .......:: .:: X`bcj =5 J@M maff maffjmta jmtarr (LHD (LHDI).... I).......... ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ...........:: .....:: X`bcj =7 Jxtjrf`c Jxtjr f`c syfm syfmlraf lrafiz`ti iz`tiaf af ifpu ifputt iftj iftjre`m re`mj j maff maffjmtar jmtar (LHD (LHDI)..... I)........... .......... .... :5 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf X`bcj =< HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Jxtjrf`c Jxtjr f`c syfml syfmlraf rafiz`ti iz`tiaf af autp autput ut iftj iftjre`m re`mj j maff maffjmta jmtarr (LHD (LHDI).... I)........... ......... .. :7 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 7 ]udd`ry ae ml`fgjs Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf ]udd`ry ae ml`fgjs @ cist ae ml`fgjs ml`fgjs bjtwjjf hamudjft issujs. issujs. Yau Yau m`f f`vig`tj f`vig`tj tlraugl tlraugl tlj rjspjmtivj rjspjmtivj ml`fgjh tapims. If tlis sudd`ry ae ml`fgjs? Ml`fgjs bjtwjjf issujs >9 HR@EX (2>09->2-2>) `fh >9 (2>09->8->:) Ml`fgjs bjtwjjf issujs >< (2>0<-02->5) `fh >9 HR@EX (2>09->2-2>) Ml`fgjs bjtwjjf issujs >7 (2>0<->9-29) `fh >< (2>0<-02->5) • • • Ml`fgjs bjtwjjf hamudjft issujs `rj muduc`tivj. Xljrjearj, tlj c`tjst hamudjft issuj maft`ifs `cc ml`fgjs d`hj ta prjviaus issujs. Xlis hamudjft is maddaf ear v`riaus R`hia @mmjss Xjmlfacagijs (R@Xs). Yau d`y eifh ljrj ifeard`tiaf `baut sacutiafs tl`t `rj fat `v`ic`bcj ar suppartjh if ` spjmieim ]W rjcj`sj ar R@X. Ear ej`turjs suppartjh if yaur ]W rjcj`sj, sjj rjspjmtivj ej`turj hamudjft`tiaf ml`ptjr if tlj systjd cibr`ry. g Fatj? Ear darj hjt`ics af Faki` @ir]m`cj madpci`fmj, sjj Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Jfvirafdjft`c ^rahumt Hjmc`r`tiaf. Hjmc`r`tiaf. X`bcj 0 Rjcj`sjs mavjrjh by tlj hamudjft ^rahumt Rjcj`sj Cafg Xjrd Jvacutiaf EHH-CXJ 07@, EHH-CXJ 0<, EHH-CXJ 0<]^, EHH-CXJ 0<@, EHH-CXJ 09 XH CXJ XH-CXJ 07@, XH-CXJ 0<, XH-CXJ 0<]^, XHCXJ 0<@, XH-CXJ 09 ]ifgcj R@F ]R@F 07@, ]R@F 0<, ]R@F 0<]^, ]R@F 0<@, ]R@F 09 :G :G 09 Ml`fgjs bjtwjjf issujs >9 HR@EX (2>09->2-2>) `fh >9 (2>09->8->:) :G `fh CXJ maftjft l`s bjjf djrgjh Xlj prjviaus :G-spjmieim hamudjft vjrsiaf w`s >8M. Erad Issuj >9 afw`rhs tlj hamudjft is maddaf ear `cc tlj R@Xs. Xlj cist bjcaw prjsjfts tlj ml`fgjs bjtwjjf Issuj >9 `fh batl CXJ issuj >9 HR@EX `fh :G Issuj >8M HR@EX. Xlj hamudjft l`s bjjf rjstrumturjh Xlj d`if ml`fgjs if tlj strumturj `rj? • • < ]jmtiaf Cist ae Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ufits l`s bjjf `hhjh. Xlj eaccawifg, prjviauscy sjp`r`tj tapims, l`vj bjjf davjh ta sjmtiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj avjrvijw `fh its subsjmtiafs? © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf ” ” ” ” ]udd`ry ae ml`fgjs Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj `rmlitjmturj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj bjfjeits Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] aptiaf`c itjds @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj ml`ififg • Xlj gjfjr`c hjsmriptiafs ae j`ml subr`mk l`vj bjjf djrgjh ta sjmtiaf Faki` • @ir]m`cj Dahucj subr`mks hjsmriptiaf `fh tlj hjt`icjh ifeard`tiaf `rj ifmcuhjh ]ystjd if its subsjmtiafs. Xlj eaccawifg, prjviauscy sjp`r`tj tapims, l`vj bjjf davjh ar djrgjh ta sjmtiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Da Dahucj hucj maddaf pcug-if ufits ufits `fh its subsjmtiafs? ” ” ” Xr`fspart mafeigur`tiafs Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] syfmlrafiz`tiaf Rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D ml`ififg • Ifeard`tiaf af ml`ififg witl M^RI iftjre`mjs l`s bjjf `hhjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs • ]jrvimj `fh rjsjt buttafs cam`tiaf af @]IB l`s bjjf `hhjh. Faki` @ir]m @ir]m`cj `cj ]ystjd Dahucj jfvirafdjft`c rjquirjdjfts • Ifhaar `fh authaar t`bcjs l`vj bjjf djrgjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj f`difg mafvjftiaf • Xlj eaccawifg ufits f`difg l`s bjjf `hhjh? ” ” ” ” • • • :G dDIDA Ecjxi _afj `fh @ir]m`cj sd`cc mjccs GF]]/G^] jquipdjft `fh `mmjssarijs R`hia b`fhs l`vj bjjf put if ` sjp`r`tj t`bcj? X`bcj ==? R`hia b`fhs f`difg mafvjftiaf Fjw CXJ CXJ `fh :G r`hia b`fhs l`vj bjjf `hhjh. ]jmafh cjttjr I - JHGJ XR] EIE@,B ,EIP@ l`s bjjf rjdavjh. Ml`fgjs bjtwjjf issujs >< (2>0<-02->5) `fh >9 HR@EX (2>09->2-2>) @]IB Maddaf ufit `fh @DAH subr`mk l`vj bjjf `hhjh • • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maddaf pcug-if ufits Faki` @ir]m`cj Authaar ]ubr`mk (@DAH) hjsmriptiaf @]IB `fh @DAH ifeard`tiaf l`vj bjjf `hhjh `mrass tlj hamudjft • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj avjrvijw • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D m`p`mity HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 9 ]udd`ry ae ml`fgjs Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf • • • • • • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj subr`mks hjsmriptiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj Authaar ]ubr`mk (@DAB) Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug pcug-if -if ufits rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj pawjr rjquirjdjfts `fh mafsudptiaf HM ifput maffjmtars pif d`p Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits graufhifg maffjmtars Apjr`tiaf `fh D`iftjf`fmj Xaacs sjmtiaf l`s bjjf rjdavjh • Xlj rjcjv`ft ifeard`tiaf l`s bjjf davjh ta Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj Ifhaar (@ir]m`cj ]D Ifhaar) RO8: maffjmtars pif-d`ps l`vj bjjf rjdavjh `s tljy `rj st`fh`rh afjs • • CD^ maffjmtar pif d`p 0>>>B@]J-X XR] maffjmtar pif d`p Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj • • Ifeard`tiaf af tlj BX] jcjdjft d`f`gjr taacs l`vj bjjf davjh ta tlis sjmtiaf erad Apjr`tiaf `fh D`iftjf`fmj Xaacs sjmtiaf. @DI@ `fh @DAB eigurjs l`vj bjjf rjdavjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj `rmlitjmturj • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj `rmlitjmturj eigurj l`s bjjf uph`tjh D`if hieejrjfmjs bjtwjjf Faki` @ir]m`cj `fh Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> ]ystjd Dahucjs • • :G rj`hifjss rj`hifjss l`s bjjf `hhjh. Ifeard`tiaf af authaar subr`mk ljiglt l`s bjjf rjdavjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj M`p`mity `fh ^jreard`fmj ^jreard`fmj • • • @]IB m`p`mity l`s bjjf `hhjh. Ducti-R@X m`p`mity l`s bjjf `hhjh. ]jmtiaf l`s bjjf rjstrumturjh. Zfit Rjpc`mjdjft • Rjejrjfmj ta Rjpc`mifg Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Zfits l`s bjjf `hhjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj saufh pawjr cjvjcs • @DAB `fh @DAH saufh pawjr cjvjcs l`vj bjjf `hhjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj pawjr suppcy sacutiafs • • Ifeard`tiaf af @DAH pawjr suppcy aptiafs l`vj bjjf `hhjh. Ifeard`tiaf af @DAB pawjr suppcy aptiafs l`vj bjjf uph`tjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs • 0> ]jmtiaf l`s bjjf rjstrumturjh. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf ]udd`ry ae ml`fgjs Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj pawjr rjquirjdjfts `fh mafsudptiaf • • @]IB `fh @DAB pawjr mafsudptiaf l`s bjjf `hhjh. @DI@ pawjr mafsudptiaf l`s bjjf uph`tjh. Xr`fspart Mafeigur`tiafs • Ifeard`tiaf af tr`fspart iftjre`mjs l`vj bjjf rjdavjh. ]ystjd Dahucj ml`ififg • Xlj fatj af ml`ififg ej`turjs l`s bjjf rjdavjh. Faki` @ir]m`cj f`difg mafvjftiaf • • Ifeard`tiaf af ducti-b`fh R`hia ufits f`difg l`s bjjf `hhjh. Ifeard`tiaf af cjttjrs A `fh ^ if tlj R`hia ufits f`djs f`djs l`s bjjf `hhjh. HM ifput maffjmtars pif d`p • Graufhifg maffjmtars l`vj bjjf davjh ta Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits graufhifg maffjmtars Ml`fgjs bjtwjjf issujs >7 (2>0<->9 (2>0<->9-29) -29) `fh >< (2>0<-02>5) Gjfjr`c ml`fgjs • • HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 CXJ=582? @DAM Authaar Madp`mt ]ubr`mk ear @ir]m`cj Ifhaar ]ystjd Dahucj `fh `cc tlj ifeard`tiaf rjc`tjh ta @DAM l`vj bjjf rjdavjh tlrauglaut tlj hamudjft. Xlj v`cuj ae e`f caw faisj l`s bjjf uph`tjh if Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj saufh pawjr cjvjcs © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 00 R]]-=0> madpci`fmj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf 0 R]]-=0> madpci`fmj Xlis jquipdjft madpcijs witl R]]-=0> ae Ifhustry M`f`h`. Apjr`tiaf is subojmt ta tlj mafhitiaf tl`t tlis hjvimj hajs fat m`usj l`rdeuc iftjrejrjfmj. 02 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf JZ madpci`fmj 2 JZ madpci`fmj 2.0 JZ RaL] st`tjdjft Xlis jquipdjft madpcijs witl tlj Jurapj`f Zfiaf RaL] Hirjmtivj 2>00/5:/JZ af tlj rjstrimtiaf ae tlj usj ae mjrt`if l`z`rhaus subst`fmjs if jcjmtrim`c `fh jcjmtrafim jquipdjft. Xlj hirjmtivj `ppcijs ta tlj usj ae cj`h, djrmury, m`hdiud, ljx`v`cjft mlradiud, ^acybradif`tjh Bipljfycs (^BB), `fh ^acybradif`tjh Hipljfyc Jtljrs (^BHJ) if jcjmtrim`c `fh jcjmtrafim jquipdjft. 2.2 MJ d`rkifg Ljrjby, hjmc`rjs tl`t r`hia jquipdjft typj Ecjxi Ductir`hia B`sj ]t`tiaf, Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> B`sj ]t`tiaf `fh Faki` @ir]m`cj B`sj ]t`tiaf is if madpci`fmj witl Hirjmtivj 2>08/:=/JM. Xlj eucc tjxt ae tlj JZ hjmc`r`tiaf ae mafeardity is `v`ic`bcj `t tlj eaccawifg iftjrfjt `hhrjss? lttps?//afcifj.fjtwarks.faki`.mad Eigurj 0 MJ d`rkifg Xlis hjmc`r`tiaf is afcy v`cih ear mafeigur`tiafs (madbif`tiafs ae saetw`rj, eirdw`rj, `fh l`rhw`rj) pravihjh `fh/ar suppartjh by Faki`. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 0= JZ madpci`fmj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf 2.= Hirjmtivj 2>08/:=/JZ (RJH) @rtimcj 0>.0> madpci`fmj Xlj r`hia erjqujfmy us`gj if JZ is rjstrimtjh `fh bjearj t`kifg tlj r`hia jquipdjft if usj if tlj maddjrmi`c fjtwark tlj apjr`tar is ta `ppcy ear tlj b`fh cimjfsj erad tlj cam`c rjguc`tar. @s `f jvihjfmj ear tlj rjstrimtiaf, tlj p`mk`gifg is ta l`vj tlj RJH @rtimcj 0>.0>d`rkifg hjsmribifg tlj idp`mtjh mauftrijs. Eigurj 2 RJH @rtimcj 0>.0>-d`rkifg Rjstrimtiafs if 08 @X BJ BG LR MY M_ HK JJ EI ER HJ JC LZ IIJ J IX CU CX CZ DX D X FC ^C ^X RA ]K ]I J] ]J ZK © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf EMM ^`rt 0: madpci`fmj = EMM ^`rt 0: madpci`fmj Xlis jquipdjft l`s bjjf tjstjh `fh eaufh ta madpcy witl tlj cidits ear ` Mc`ss B higit`c hjvimj, pursu`ft ta ^`rt 0: ae tlj EMM Rucjs. Xljsj cidits `rj hjsigfjh ta pravihj rj`saf`bcj pratjmtiaf `g`ifst l`rdeuc iftjrejrjfmj if ` maddjrmi`c jfvirafdjft. Xlis jquipdjft usjs, r`hi`tjd`fu`cs, r`hia erjqujfmy jfjrgy `fh, iftjrejrjfmj ie fat ifst`ccjh `fh usjh ifgjfjr`tjs, `mmarh`fmj witl`fh tlj m`f ifstrumtiaf d`y m`usj l`rdeuc ta r`hia maddufim`tiafs. Apjr`tiaf ae tlis jquipdjft if ` rjsihjfti`c `rj` is cikjcy ta m`usj l`rdeuc iftjrejrjfmj if wliml m`sj tlj usjr wicc bj rjquirjh ta marrjmt tlj iftjrejrjfmj `t lis awf jxpjfsj. Ml`fgjs ar dahieim`tiafs fat jxprjsscy `ppravjh by tlj p`rty rjspafsibcj ear madpci`fmj mauch vaih tlj usjr¸s `utlarity ta apjr`tj tlj jquipdjft. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 0: Cist Cist ae Fa Faki ki` ` @ir] @ir]m` m`cj cj ]yst ]ystjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj uf ufit its s Faki Faki` ` @ir] @ir]m` m`cj cj ]yst ]ystjd jd Dahu Dahucj cj ^r ^rah ahum umtt Hjsm Hjsmri ript ptia iaf f 8 Cist ae Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ufits Maft`ifs ej`turj fudbjrs, prahumt mahjs, suppartjh R@X rjcj`sjs ae tlj subr`mks `fh tlj pcug-if ufits X`bcj 2 Cist ae Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks F`dj @DI@ Ej`turj fudbjrs ]uppartjh erad R@X rjcj`sj CXJ 05@ CXJ2252 ]R@F 07@ ]R>>002>, ]R>>005>, ]R>>02:< :G 09 ^rahumt mahj 87=>9<@ :GM>>>52= @DAB @DAH X`bcj = @]I@ @]IB @]IK @BIC 05 ]R@F 07@ ]R>>0722 :G 09 :GM>>>80< CXJ 09 CXJ8:2: ]R@F 09 ]R>>2>>2 87=9:2@ 8789=>@ Ej`turj fudbjrs ]uppartjh erad R@X rjcj`sj CXJ 05@ CXJ2008 ]R@F 07@ ]R>>002>, ]R>>005>, ]R>>02:< CXJ 09 CXJ=07< ]R@F 09 ]R>>2>>2 :G 09 :GM>>>27: ^rahumt mahj 87=>9:@ 87=758@ 878>20@ Cist ae Faki` @ir]m`cj m`p`mity pcug-if ufits F`dj @BI@ CXJ==:9 Cist ae Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits F`dj X`bcj 8 CXJ 07@ Ej`turj fudbjrs ]uppartjh erad R@X rjcj`sj CXJ 05@ CXJ2250 ]R@F 07@ ]R>>002>, ]R>>005>, ]R>>02:< :G 09 :GM>>>275 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. ^rahumt mahj 87=>95@ 878>2>@ HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki Fa ki` ` @ir] @ir]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj ^r ^rah ahum umtt Hjsm Hjsmri ript ptia iaf f Faki Faki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Dahu Dahucj cj av avjr jrvi vijw jw : Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj avjrvijw Xlj ]ystjd Dahucj aeejrs ligl m`p`mity, ligl sm`c`bicity, riml eraftl`uc `fh b`mkl`uc maffjmtivity, `fh aptidizjh pawjr mafsudptiaf. It supparts ductipcj R`hia @mmjss Xjmlfacagijs (R@Xs)? :G, CXJ, ]ifgcj R@F, wlicj suppartifg tlj cjg`my Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX] prahumt e`dicy. Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj (]D) l`s `cc tlj fjjhjh maftrac `fh b`sjb`fh eufmtiafs ear tlj suppartjh R`hia @mmjss Xjmlfacagijs (R@Xs). Xlj b`sim eufmtiaf`citijs ae Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D `rj? • • • • • • B`sjb`fh pramjssifg `fh hjmjftr`cizjh maftrac Xr`fspart maftrac, iftjgr`tjh Jtljrfjt parts, `fh I^v8/v5 `fh I^]jm Xr`fspart BX] mcamk `fh tidifg gjfjr`tiaf `fh histributiaf histributi af BX] Apjr`tiaf `fh D`iftjf`fmj Mjftr`c r`hia iftjre`mj maftrac AB]@I/M^RI-madp`tibcj AB]@I/M^RI -madp`tibcj iftjre`mjs ta r`hia ufits Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D is d`f`gjh witl tlj BX] jcjdjft d`f`gjr taac usjh if tlj rjspjmtivj tjmlfacagy, tl`t is? • CXJ (up ta CXJ 0<@) - BX] ]itj D`f`gjr CXJ (erad CXJ CXJ 09 afw`rhs) - Wjb Wjb Jcjdjft D`f`gjr ]R@F - Wjb Jcjdjft D`f`gjr • :G - WjbZI • • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj mafsists ae maddaf `fh m`p`mity pcug-if ufits ifsihj ` subr`mk. Eigurj = Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj `rmlitjmturj B-scat ufits (M`p`mity) R`hia ufits R`hia ufits Eraftl`uc iftjre`mj Eraftl`uc iftjre`mj ^ramjssifg ^ramjssifg B-scat ufits (M`p`mity) Hi`gaf`c h`t` `fh maftrac iftjre`mj B`mkpc`fj iftjre`mj B`mkl`uc iftjre`mj ]ystjd jxtjfsiaf iftjre`mj ^awjr ifput B`mkl`uc j m ` e r j t if c ` f r j t x J j m ` e r j t if j f c` p k m ` B M^Z(s) ]witml Maddaf ta Maddaf j m ` e r j t f i j f ` c p k m ` B MCK / ]yfm / BDZ Jxt I/A ]yfm `fh jxt iftjre`mj M^Z(s) B`mkl`uc iftjre`mj B`mkl`uc ]witml M-scat ufit (Maddaf) M-scat ufit (Maddaf) ^awjr ]ubr`mk HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 B`mkpc`fj iftjre`mj MCK / ]yfm / BDZ Jxt I/A ]yfm `fh jxt iftjre`mj ^awjr j m ` e r j t f i c ` f r j t x J ]ystjd jxtjfsiaf iftjre`mj ^awjr ifput ]ubr`mk pawjr hitributiaf © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 07 Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj av avjr jrvi vijw jw Faki Faki` ` @ir] @ir]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Dahu Dahucj cj ^rah ^rahum umtt Hjsm Hjsmri ript ptia iaf f :.0 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D `hv`ft`gjs avjr Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> ]D Xlj d`if `hv`ft`gjs ae @ir]m`cj ]D `rj? grj`tjr m`p`mity, sm`c`bicity, `fh suppart ae :G. Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj (]D) pravihjs tlj eaccawifg `hv`ft`gjs avjr E]DE (Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> ]ystjd Dahucj)? • • • • • • • • • • • • g ]ubr`mks suppart :G pcug-if ufits Ifmrj`sjh m`p`mity ]uppart ear 9.< Gbps M^RI ]uppart ear M^RI IP h`t` madprjssiaf witl tlrjj RE iftjre`mjs pjr @BI@ ufit Liglcy idpravjh RE maffjmtivity maffjmtivit y LW M`p`bicity ae 0>GJ b`mkl`uc iftjre`mjs (]E^ + scats) Jfl`fmjh B`mkl`uc maffjmtivity maffjmtivi ty Bjttjr CXJ-@hv`fmjh suppart tlraugl ifmrj`sjh iftjrmaffjmtivity iftjrmaffjmt ivity Idpravjh syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz`t iaf `fh lachavjr sacutiaf Idpravjh jfjrgy jeeimijfmy Earw`rh madp`tibicity tlraugl systjd jxtjfsiaf iftjre`mj (]JI) `fh fjw pcug-if ufit iftrahumtiaf Rj`hy ear eucc rjsicijfmy suppart (pawjr, syfmlrafiz`tiaf, syfmlrafiz`t iaf, b`mkl`uc, C=, C0, C2) Fatj? Xlj rjsicijfmy ej`turj is hjpjfhjft af saetw`rj `v`ic`bicity. U`riaus rjsicijfmy smljdjs d`y rjquirj `hhitiaf`c l`rhw`rj (ear jx`dpcj, ` sjmafh maddaf ufit, `hhitiaf`c m`p`mity ufits, ` pawjr `fh syfmlrafiz`tiaf m`bcjs, IP switmlifg jquipdjft). Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj (]D) fa cafgjr supparts tlj eaccawifg? • • Aptiaf`c tr`fspart sub-dahucjs, tlus it hajs fat pravihj ^HL iftjre`mjs. iftjre`mjs . Maddaf ufits pravihj tr`fspart m`p`mity if I^/Jtljrfjt-b`sjh tr`fspart dahj afcy. @c`rd cifjs if tlj CD^ iftjre`mj. :.2 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D madp`tibicity witl Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX] @ir]m`cj ]D supparts cjg`my cjg`my LW, iftjrmaffj iftjrmaffjmtivity mtivity,, `fh ifst`cc`tiaf ifst`cc`tiaf aptiafs. aptiafs. Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj (]D) is b`mkw`rhs madp`tibcj witl tlj eaccawifg Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX] sacutiafs? • ]yfmIf, ]yfmAut, ]E^-]RIA, `fh J@M iftjre`mjs RE Dahucjs `fh Rjdatj R`hia Lj`hs, `fh rjc`tjh aptiaf`c itjds • Dast ae tlj m`bcjs `fh ]E^s • 0< © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki Fa ki` ` @ir] @ir]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj ^r ^rah ahum umtt Hjsm Hjsmri ript ptia iaf f Faki Faki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Dahu Dahucj cj av avjr jrvi vijw jw ecaar, w`cc, pacj, r`mk/m`bifjt ifst`cc`tiaf st`mkifg witl Ecjxi ufits • • :.= Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D ml`ififg @ir]m`cj ]D supparts iftjrf`c iftjrf`c ml`ififg ml`ififg witlif tlj tlj subr`mk `fh `fh jxtjrf`c jxtjrf`c ml`ififg witl Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX] ]D Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj (]D) m`p`mity diglt bj ifmrj`sjh by ml`ififg. Ml`ififg is `v`ic`bcj witl tlj eaccawifg iftjre`mjs? • AB]@I (= Gbit/s ar 5 Gbit/s) ar M^RI (8.9 ar 9.< Gbit/s) ]RIA (5.2: Gbit/s) 0>GJ ]ystjd Jxtjfsiaf Iftjre`mjs (]JI) • ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf ]yfmlrafiz`t iaf ifput/autput (]IF, ]AZX) • • Xlj eaccawifg ]D ml`ififg madbif`tiafs `rj suppartjh? • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D iftjrf`c maffjmtiafs (witlif afj subr`mk) bjtwjjf maddaf `fh • m`p`mity pcug-if ufits Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D witl Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX] ]D iftjrmaffjmtiaf iftjrmaffjmt iaf usifg ]JI :.8 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D m`p`mity Fudbjr ae mjccs, h`t` r`tjs, `fh I^]jm tlrauglput m`p`mity. X`bcj : @ir]m`cj l`rhw`rj m`p`mity ear CXJ (EHH `fh XHH) Eufmtiaf `fh m`p`bicitijs @BI@ D`xidud mjcc mafeigur`tiaf 05 95 Fudbjr ae EHH-CXJ mjccs / M`p`mity ^IZ EHHCXJ mjcc 2X2R 05 95 D`xidud fudbjr ae XHH-CXJ <X<R mjccs 8 28 D`xidud EHH-CXJ h`t` tlrauglput (HC + ZC) [GbpsT 2.7 08.80) D`xidud XH-CXJ h`t` tlrauglput [GbpsT 0.25 7.5 D`xidud EHH-CXJ r`hia pramjssifg b`fhwihtl [DLzT 58> 02<>/75<> D`xidud XHH-CXJ r`hia pramjssifg b`fhwihtl [DLzT 58> =<8> MaD^ & M@ paac sizj 05/05 95/95 D`xidud `ftjff`-m`rrijrs suppartjh EHH-C EHH-CXJ XJ =2 `fh XHH-CXJ 0) HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 5x@BI@ (d`x. mafeigur`itaf) 092 Xlis v`cuj rjejrs ta r`hia cjvjc tlrauglput. jFB cjvjc tlrauglput is hjpjfhjft af b`mkl`uc m`p`mity/hidjfsiafifg. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 09 Faki Fa ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj av avjr jrvi vijw jw X`bcj : Faki Faki` ` @ir] @ir]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Dahu Dahucj cj ^rah ^rahum umtt Hjsm Hjsmri ript ptia iaf f @ir]m`cj l`rhw`rj m`p`mity ear CXJ (EHH `fh XHH) (Maft.) Eufmtiaf `fh m`p`bicitijs @BI@ D`xidud HC h`t` r`tj suppartjh [GbpsT CXJ 0.< 0>.< D`xidud ZC h`t` r`tj suppartjh [GbpsT CXJ >.5 =.5 X`bcj 5 @ir]m`cj l`rhw`rj m`p`mity ear Ducti-R@X (G]D, WMHD@, CXJ) Eufmtiaf `fh m`p`bicitijs @BI@2) @]I@/@]IB 2x@]I@/@]IB + 5x@BI@ Fudbjr ae suppartjh R@Xs = 2 = D`xidud WMHD@ mjcc mafeigur`tiaf=) 28 02 8<8) D`xidud G]D mafeigur`tiaf (fudbjr ae XR\s):) =5 =5 =5/725) X`bcj 7 @ir]m`cj l`rhw`rj m`p`mity ear :G Eufmtiaf `fh m`p`bicitijs g 5x@BI@ (d`x. mafeigur`itaf) @BIC 5x@BIC D`xidud mjcc mafeigur`tiaf 02 72 Mjcc m`p`mity :/0> DLz 2X2R 02 72 Mjcc m`p`mity 0:/2> DLz 2X2R 02 72 Mjcc m`p`mity :/0> DLz 8X8R 02 72 Mjcc m`p`mity 0:/2> DLz 8X8R 02 72 Mjcc m`p`mity 0:/2> DLz <X<R < 8< Mjcc m`p`mity 0:/2> DLz 58X58R <x< 8 28 Mjcc m`p`mity 0:/2> DLz 58X58R 05x< 2 02 Mjcc m`p`mity 0>> DLz 58X58R <x8 2 02 Mjcc m`p`mity 0>> DLz 58X58R 05x< 0 5 D`xidud HC h`t` r`tj suppartjh [GbpsT 7 82 D`xidud ZC h`t` r`tj suppartjh [GbpsT =.: 20 Fatj? J`ml rjcj`sj spjmieijs m`p`mity `fh pjreard`fmj rjquirjdjfts witl spjmieim ej`turj sjts. ^cj`sj mljmk rjcj`sj ]W hamudjft`tiaf ear suppartjh ej`turjs `fh mafeigur`tiafs. 2) =) Zp-ta twa hieejrjft R@X R@Xs pjr j`ml @BI@ Difidud WMHD@ mafeigur`tiaf usjs ´ @BI@ witl sm`cifg by ³ @BI@ stjps 8) :) 5) 2> Zp ta 28 WMHD@ mjccs pjr cagim`c ]BX] (8< mjccs witl twa cagim`c pjr sub-r`mk) Difidud G]D mafeigur`tiaf usjs ³ @BI@ witl sm`cifg by ³ @BI@ ]BX]s stjps (d`x ´ @BI@) 72 XR\s wljf mafeigurjh `s sjp`r`tj BX] `fh BME if j`ml l`ce sub-r`mk © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki Fa ki` ` @ir] @ir]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Da Dahu hucj cj ^r ^rah ahum umtt Hjsm Hjsmri ript ptia iaf f X`bcj < Faki Faki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stjd jd Dahu Dahucj cj av avjr jrvi vijw jw Jxpjmtjh tr`fspart pramjssifg m`p`mity Mafeigur`tiaf I^sjm X Xl lrauglput (HC (HC+ +ZC) (I (I^v8/I^v5 w wiitl d du uctipcj ] ]@s @s)) [GbpsT @]I@ 0 x maddaf ufit @]IB @]IK :.> 7.: 7.: :.> 7.: Fat suppartjh 0> tat`c, :.> ear j`ml BX] 0: tat`c, 7.: ear j`ml BX] 0: tat`c, 7.: ear j`ml BX] L`ce-r`mk 2 x maddaf ufit Eucc-r`mk, afj cagim`c BX] 2 x maddaf ufit Eucc-r`mk, twa sjp`r`tj BX]s HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 20 Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj subr`mks subr`mks hjsmript hjsmriptiaf iaf Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f 5 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj subr`mks hjsmriptiaf Ifhaar `fh authaar subr`mks `mmaddah`tj tlj pcug-if ufits, pravihj iftjrmaffjmtivity, pawjr histributiaf, histributiaf, `fh `fh tjdpjr`turj tjdpjr`turj d`f`gjdjft d`f`gjdjft Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks `mmaddah`tj tlj maddaf `fh m`p`mity pcug-if ufits `fh pravihj? • • • • ^awjr histributiaf histributia f tlraugl tlj b`mkpc`fj Iftjrmaffjmtiafs Iftjrmaffjmt iafs bjtwjjf tlj pcug-if ufits tlraugl tlj b`mkpc`fj Maacifg systjds Lj`tjrs ear mach st`rt (erad -8>¾M, authaar ]ubr`mks afcy) ” ” • Xwa laurs mach st`rt tidj witl afj lj`tjr (e`matry-hjcivjrjh) (e`matry-hjci vjrjh) Afj laur mach st`rt tidj witl `hhitiaf`c lj`tjr (aptiaf`c) Ifgrjss pratjmtiaf? ” Ifhaar subr`mks? I^2> ” Authaar subr`mks? I^:: Maddaf `fh m`p`mity pcug-if ufits `rj `mmaddah`tjh if twa subr`mk l`cvjs, if tlj spjmieim scats? `fh if tlj spjmieim arhjr? • M-scats `mmaddah`tj maddaf pcug-if ufits • B-scats `mmaddah`tj m`p`mity pcug-if ufits Eigurj 8 ]ubr`mks scat fudbjrifg B= B5 B2 B: B0 B8 M0 M2 Xlj pcug-if ufits fjjh ta bj ifsjrtjh if ` spjmieim arhjr? 0. Cjet Cjet l`ce? l`ce? `) M0 b) B0 m) B2 h) B= 2. Riglt Riglt l`ce? l`ce? `) M2 b) B8 22 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj subr`mks subr`mks hjsmript hjsmriptiaf iaf m) B: h) B5 Hjpjfhifg af tlj givjf R`hia @mmjss Xjmlfacagy (R@X) ]W, batl subr`mk l`cvjs d`y bj mafeigurjh `s ` sifgcj BX] ar `s twa sjp`r`tj jftitijs, ear jx`dpcj? CXJ jFB `fh :G gFB if j`ml subr`mk l`ce. Ear hjt`ics af tlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D `rmlitjmturj `fh iftjre`mjs bjtwjjf tlj subr`mks `fh pcug-if ufits, sjj Eigurj =? Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj `rmlitjmturj `rmlitjmturj.. Eigurj : @DI@ avjrvijw Eigurj 5 @DAB avjrvijw HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 2= Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj subr`mks subr`mks hjsmript hjsmriptiaf iaf Eigurj 7 Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f @DAH avjrvijw 5.0 Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks spjmieim`tiafs Hidjfsiafs, wjiglt, `fh ifst`cc`tiaf aptiafs X`bcj 9 Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks hidjfsiafs `fh wjiglt ]ubr`mk Hidjfsiafs Ljiglt x wihtl x hjptl @DI@ 029 x 887 x 8>> dd Wjiglt Z-ljiglt Jdpty Eucc* =Z :.0 kg (00.28 cb) 28.= kg (:=.:7 cb) <Z 2= kg (:>.70 cb) 82.2 kg (9=.>= cb) 00Z =: kg (77.05 cb) := kg (005.<8 cb) (:.>< x 07.5> x 0:.7: if.) @DAB =:: x 8<7 x 5>: dd (0=.9< x 09.07 x 2=.<2 if.) @DAH 8<< x 8<7 x 55: dd (09.20 x 09.07 x 25.0< if.) *Witl twa maddaf `fh six m`p`mity pcug-if ufits, witlaut `fy aptiaf`c itjds. X`bcj 0> ]ubr`mk @DI@ 28 Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks ifst`cc`tiaf spjmieim`tiaf Ifst`cc`tiaf aptiafs ^acj, w`cc, ecaar, st`mk, 09-ifml r`mk/m`bifjt Hjhim`tjh aptiaf`c itjds - © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. M`bcj jftrijs - @irecaw hirjmtiaf Eraft ta b`mk (hje`uct) B`mk ta eraft HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf X`bcj 0> ]ubr`mk @DAB Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj subr`mks subr`mks hjsmript hjsmriptiaf iaf Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks ifst`cc`tiaf spjmieim`tiaf (Maft.) Ifst`cc`tiaf aptiafs ^acj, w`cc, ecaar, st`mk, 09-ifml r`mk/m`bifjt Hjhim`tjh aptiaf`c itjds M`bcj jftrijs @irecaw hirjmtiaf @DEE Bcifh p`fjc `ssjdbcy ]ihj lacjs (cjet `fh riglt)? B`mk ta eraft (hje`uct) @DEG EMA@ ifst`cc`tiaf kit = x =: dd af j`ml sihj Eraft ta b`mk @DEL ]t`mk W`cc ^acj ifst`cc`tiaf kit 2 x :> dd af j`ml sihj @DEI Lj`tjr `ssjdbcy @DEO Mafhuit eittifgs @DEK M`bcj gc`fhs @DEC G^] br`mkjt `ssjdbcy @DEA ]t`mkifg kit @DER Haar sjfsar kit @DE] M`bcj gc`fh 02x< @DEX Eraft mavjr EYGD G^] dahucj @DAH ^acj, w`cc, ecaar, st`mk @DEE Bcifh p`fjc @ssy ear @DAB Battad jftrijs ear `raufh << m`bcjs @DEU =Z pciftl kit ear @DAH ]ihj lacjs? 2 x :> dd (if hi`djtjr) af j`ml sihj @DE\ W`cc dauft kit ear @DAH Battad ta b`mk @DEY Dueecjrs kit ear @DAH @DLB G^] br`mkjt `ssjdbcy @YG@ @ir]m`cj @YG@ G^] dahucj EYGD G^] dahucj 5.2 Faki` @ir]m`cj subr`mks ^HZs spjmieim`tiafs Authaar subr`mks `rj jquippjh witl ` ^awjr Histributiaf Zfit (^HZ). Xlj ^HZ pravihjs maftrac eufmtiafs `fh ejjhs tlj pawjr ta tlj pcug-if ufits, e`fs, `fh lj`tjrs. @DAB iftjrf`c ^awjr Histributiaf Zfit (^HZ) HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 2: Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj subr`mks subr`mks hjsmript hjsmriptiaf iaf Eigurj < Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f @DAB ^HZ eraft p`fjc graufhifg Lj`tjrs E`f maftrac RZF J\X IFX -8< U IF AU AZX -8< U AU LJ@XJR] XJ]X ]JF]AR J\X E@F] CJH ifhim`tars HM if X`bcj 00 HM aut Xjst ]jfsar @DAB ^HZ iftjre`mjs C`bjc IF Eufmtiaf Maffjmtar typj Graufhifg D: smrjw HM pawjr ifput (:> @) witl AU^ 0 x 5 @WG (0=.=> dd2), pasitivj 0 x 5 @WG, fjg`tivj (0=.=> dd2) AZX HM pawjr autput (82 @) 0 x 7 @WG (0>.:: dd2), pasitivj 0 x 7 @WG (0>.:: dd2), fjg`tivj LJ@XJR] Lj`tjr part Faki`-spjmieim XJ]X Xjst `mmjss part LHDI ]JF]AR Xjdpjr`turj sjfsar Faki`-spjmieim J\X E@F] E`f maftrac Faki`-spjmieim X`bcj 02 @DAB ^HZ CJH ifhim`tars C`bjc CJH macar RJH GRJJF RZF ^HZ d`ceufmtiaf ^HZ warks marrjmtcy J\X Jxtjrf`c e`f spjjh hjmrj`sjh `t cj`st =>% Jxtjrf`c e`f warks marrjmtcy IFX Iftjrf`c e`f spjjh hjmrj`sjh `t cj`st =>% Iftjrf`c e`f warks marrjmtcy @DAH iftjrf`c ^awjr Histributiaf Zfit (^HZ) 25 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Eigurj 9 Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj subr`mks subr`mks hjsmript hjsmriptiaf iaf @DAH ^HZ eraft p`fjc graufhifg CJH ifhim`tars E`f Lj`tjr Lj`tjr Rjsjt LJ@XJR E@F0 - IF ]JF]AR0 E@F2 - AZX ]JF]AR2 EICXJR 2 0 -8<U IF AU AU AZX -8< U LJ@XJR E@F= XJ]X = 8 D A HJ D A XA R LJ@XJR HM if Xjst HM aut HAAR ]JF]AR RJ]JX ]WIXML Datar ]jfsar Haar switml X`bcj 0= @DAH ^HZ iftjre`mjs C`bjc Eufmtiaf Maffjmtar typj Graufhifg D: cug IF HM pawjr ifput (<> @) witl AU^ 8 x D: sp`mjr fut AZX HM pawjr autput (5> @) 8 x D: sp`mjr fut LJ@XJR ^awjr autput ear tlj lj`tjrs Faki`-spjmieim E@F= ^a ^awj wjrr `fh `fh maft maftra racc ae tl tlj j if iftj tjrf rf`c `c e` e`f f Fa Faki ki``-sp spjm jmie ieim im XJ]X ]jrvimj part ear d`iftjf`fmj `fh traubcjslaatifg LHDI DAXAR Ear tlj stjppjr datar Faki`-spjmieim HAAR ]WIXML Ear maftraccifg @DAH haar Faki`-spjmieim ]JF JF] ]AR Ear tjd tjdpj pjr` r`tu turrj, lud ludih ihit ity y, `fh `fh prj prjss ssur urj j sjfsars Faki`-spjmieim RJ]JX Buttaf ta rjsjt tlj ^HZ maftrac ba`rh `etjr F/@ LJ@XJR d`iftjf`fmj `mtivitijs, ear jx`dpcj eictjr rjpc`mjdjft. Xlj ]ystjd Dahucj pawjr is kjpt af hurifg tlj rjsjt, sa tljrj is fa iftjrruptiaf ae BX] sjrvimj. X`bcj 08 @DAH ^HZ CJH ifhim`tars C`bjc CJH macar RJH HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 GRJJF LJ@XJR - ]JF]AR ]JF] AR 0 Xjdpj jdpjr`turj r`turj `fh ludih ludihity ity sjfsar sjfsar is e`ucty Xjdpjr`turj jdpjr`turj `fh ludihity ludihity sjfsar sjfsar warks marrjmtcy ]JF]AR 2 ^rjssurj sjfsar is e`ucty E@F - IF Ifcj Ifcjtt e`f e`f is e`uc e`ucty ty ar R^ R^D D is 2: 2:% % li ligl gljr jr ar Ifcjt e`f warks marrjmtcy cawjr tl`f fadif`c © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. Lj`tjr warks marrjmtcy ^rjssurj sjfsar warks marrjmtcy 27 Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj subr`mks subr`mks hjsmript hjsmriptiaf iaf X`bcj 08 Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f @DAH ^HZ CJH ifhim`tars (Maft.) C`bjc CJH macar RJH 2< GRJJF E@F - AZ AZX X Aut Autcjt cjt e`f is e`u e`ucty cty ar R^D is 2:% lig ligljr ljr ar cawjr tl`f fadif`c Autcjt e`f warks marrjmtcy EIC EICXJ XJR R Eict Eictjr jr is mcag mcaggj gjh h (p (prj rjss ssur urj j hrap hrappj pjh h bj bjca caw w tlj tlrjslach) Eictjr warks marrjmtcy © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Faki` Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maddaf maddaf pcug-if pcug-if ufits ufits 7 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maddaf pcugif ufits Xlj ufits pravihj tr`fspart, mjftr`c `ftjff` h`t` rautifg, `fh mjftr`cizjh maftrac ear suppartjh R`hia @mmjss Xjmlfacagijs (R@Xs). Xljy ammupy afj ar twa M-scats ifsihj ` subr`mk. X`bcj 0: Maddaf pcug-if ufits avjrvijw ^rapjrty U`cuj @]I@ g @]IB @]IK Faki` prahumt mahj 87=>9:@ 87=758@ 878>20@ Ifgrjss pratjmtiaf mc`ss I^ 2> I^ 2> I^2> Wjiglt (witlaut p`mk`gifg) =.0 kg (5.< cb) 2.9 kg (5.8 cb) =.2 kg (7.0 cb) Iftrahumjh by ej`turj CXJ2008? @ir]m`cj Maddaf @]I@ CXJ=07<? CXJ=07<? @ir]m`cj Maddaf @]IB :GM>>>27:? @ir]m`cj Maddaf `fh @]IB@ `fh ]R>>2>>2? @ir]m`cj Maddaf @]IB ^IZ ]BX] @]IK suppart Fatj? Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maddaf pcug-if ufits jxist if v`riaus vjrsiafs. Rjejr ta Xjmlfim`c Fatjs (p`rt ae systjd ]W rjcj`sj hamudjft`tiaf) ear eufmtiaf`city hjt`ics ae j`ml vjrsiaf. Eigurj 0> HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 @]I@ iftjre`mjs © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 29 Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maddaf maddaf pcug pcug-if -if ufit ufits s g Eigurj 00 @]IB iftjre`mjs Eigurj 02 @]IK iftjre`mjs Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f Fatj? Xlj maddaf pcug-if ufits l`vj ` v`ri`ft witl ` cug maffjmtar, tljsj ufits `rj @]I@@, @]IB@, `fh @]IK@. @cc tlj atljr iftjre`mjs `rj tlj s`dj `s if @]I@, @]IB, @]IK. X`bcj 05 C`bjc Maddaf pcug-if ufits iftjre`mjs F`dj Eufmtiaf Maffjmtar typj @]I@ HM IF ^awjr ]uppcy Iftjre`mj 8< U ifput ear tlj ]ystjd Dahucj Graufhifg Graufhifg @.0>0? sifgcjlacj D: @]IB @hhitiaf`c ifeard`tiaf @]IK mc`dps - hu`c-l hu` c-lacj acj 2 x D: - @.2>2? hu`clacj 2 x D: => © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf X`bcj 05 C`bjc Faki` Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maddaf maddaf pcug-if pcug-if ufits ufits Maddaf pcug-if ufits iftjre`mjs (Maft.) F`dj Eufmtiaf Maffjmtar typj @]I@ J@M Jxtjrf`c @ sjt ae maftrac @c`rds Maftrac `fh iftjre`mj `fh `c`rd sigf`cs `s wjcc `s `f iftjre`mj ear `c`rd jxtjfsiaf @]IB @hhitiaf`c ifeard`tiaf @]IK LHDI ]ix `c`rd sigf`cs ]ix ]W-`ssigf`bcj sigf`cs ear jitljr `c`rd ifput ar maftrac autput sigf`cs E]JB madp`tibcj iftjre`mj ear `c`rd jxtjfsiaf ]IF ]yfmlrafiz `tiaf Ifput Jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf ifputs, G^] jquipdjft pawjrifg `fh maftrac LHDI ]igf`cs if? • GF]] syfmlrafiz`tiaf • G]D er`dj ecamk `fh er`dj fudbjr • IXZ G.7>= 2.>8< DLz ar 0> DLz GF]] maftrac `fh pawjr suppcy (0: U, GFH) ]AZX ]A ZX ]yfm ]yfmlr lraf afiz iz `tiaf Autput @f iftjre`mj ear jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf autputs LHDI ]igf`cs aut? • GF]] syfmlrafiz`tiaf • G]D er`dj ecamk `fh er`dj fudbjr • IXZ G.7>= 2.>8< DLz ar 0> DLz G^] ^awjr ]uppcy? +0: U, GFH ]JI0 ]JI2 HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 ]ystjd Dahucj Jxtjfsiaf Iftjre`mj Iftjre`mj ear tr`eeim bjtwjjf systjd dahucjs, `hhitiaf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf saurmj Difi]@ ]-LH ]ystjd Dahucj Jxtjfsiaf Iftjre`mj Iftjre`mj ear tr`eeim bjtwjjf systjd dahucjs, `hhitiaf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf saurmj Difi]@ ]-LH P]E^ P] E^+ + P]E^ P]E^+ + 2 x 0> 0>GJ GJ,, D@Ms D@Msjm jm 2 x ]RIA, 5.2: Gbit/s ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf sigf`cs? ]yfmJ, Xa^ (IJJJ 0:<<v2) P]E^+ © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. F/@ 2 x 0>GJ, D@Msjm 2 x ]RIA, 5.2: Gbit/s ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf sigf`cs? ]yfmJ, Xa^ (IJJJ 0:<<v2) =0 Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maddaf maddaf pcug pcug-if -if ufit ufits s X`bcj 05 C`bjc Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f Maddaf pcug-if ufits iftjre`mjs (Maft.) F`dj Eufmtiaf Maffjmtar typj @]I@ ]RIA ]R IA0 0 Iftj Iftjrm rmaf affj fjm m Iftjre`mj ear Ecjxi tiaf iftjre`mj @]IB ]E^+ @hhitiaf`c ifeard`tiaf @]IK F/@ - F/@ - Ductir`hia 0> BX] systjd dahucjs ]RIA ]R IA2 2 Iftj Iftjrm rmaf affj fjm m Iftjre`mj ear Ecjxi tiaf Ductir`hia 0> BX] iftjre`mj systjd dahucjs JIE0 Xr`fspart Iftjre`mj B`mkl`uc/ligljr c`yjr eraftl`uc iftjre`mj 0/0>GJ ]E^/]E^+ 0/0>/2: 0>GB`sj-]R/CR, GJ ]E^ 0>>>B`sj]\/C\/B\/_\ JIE2 Xr`fspart Iftjre`mj B`mkl`uc/ligljr c`yjr eraftl`uc iftjre`mj 0/0>GJ ]E^/]E^+ 0/0>/2: 0>GB`sj-]R/CR, GJ ]E^ 0>>>B`sj]\/C\/B\/_\ JIE= Xr`fspart Iftjre`mj I^/Jtljrfjt tr`fsdissiaf iftjre`mj 0GJ RO8: F/@ 0>>/0>>>B`sj-X JIE8 Xr`fspart Iftjre`mj I^/Jtljrfjt tr`fsdissiaf iftjre`mj 0GJ RO8: F/@ 0>>/0>>>B`sj-X JIE: Xr`fspart Iftjre`mj I^/Jtljrfjt tr`fsdissiaf iftjre`mj 0GJ RO8: F/@ 0>>/0>>>B`sj-X CD^ Cam`c D`f`gjdj ft ^art Jtljrfjt iftjre`mj ear Jcjdjft D`f`gjr, ]]J jquipdjft ar hi`gfastim ]E^+ F/@ 0GJ RO8: 0>>/0>>>B`sj-X Xlj tr`fspart iftjre`mjs m`f bj usjh ear? • B`mkl`uc maffjmtivity (t`ic sitjs) • • @ggrjg`tiaf (ml`if ar trjj sitjs) Rjhufh`fmy (cifk ca`h sl`rifg, e`st I^ rjrautifg) Mjftr`cizjh R@F sitj sacutiafs Jtljrfjt-b`sjh ml`ififg `fh switmlifg `mrass up ta eivj iftjre`mjs • • g Fatj? @hhifg tlj sjmafh maddaf pcug-if ufit ta tlj riglt l`ce ae tlj subr`mk hajs fat ifmrj`sj tr`fspart m`p`mity. D`kj surj yau pc`f tlj tr`fspart mafeigur`tiaf `mmarhifgcy. 7.0 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj syfmlrafiz`tiaf ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf is l`fhcjh by maddaf pcug-if ufits (@]I@, @]IB, @]IK) =2 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Faki` Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maddaf maddaf pcug-if pcug-if ufits ufits Xa jfsurj prapjr apjr`tiaf, `mmur`tj syfmlrafiz`tiaf witlif ` sifgcj @ir]m`cj BX] `fh bjtwjjf hieejrjft @ir]m`cj BX]s is idpcjdjftjh. Xlj Maftrac `fh Xidifg bcamk if tlj BX] is rjspafsibcj ear idpcjdjftifg tljsj eufmtiafs. Xlj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj l`s tlj eaccawifg syfmlrafiz`tiaf saurmjs? • ]yfmlrafaus Jtljrfjt rjmavjrjh mcamk; tlraugl tr`fspart iftjre`mj • • Xidifg-avjr-^`mkjt (IJJJ 0:<<v2); tlraugl tr`fspart iftjre`mj ^ucsj pjr ]jmafh `fh Xidj Xidj ae H`y (0^^] & XaH) ” ” • • • • • Xlraugl GF]] (ear jx`dpcj G^]) Erad `fatljr BX] tlraugl ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf ifput (]IF) IXZ G.7>= 2.>8< DLz / 0> DLz tlraugl ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf ]yfmlrafiz`ti af ifput (]IF) G]D Er`dj Mcamk `fh Er`dj Fudbjr ]D ” ]D syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz`t iaf (bjtwjjf subr`mks) ]D ” ]D syfmlrafiz`tiaf (bjtwjjf tlj maddaf pcug-if ufits if afj subr`mk) Eraftl`uc iftjre`mjs af tlj m`p`mity pcug-if ufits; tlraugl R^=->0/M^RI ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf Rjquirjdjfts m`f bj mc`ssieijh ifta tlrjj hieejrjft typjs? • • • Erjqujfmy syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz`t iaf ^l`sj syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz`t iaf Xidj syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz` tiaf Erjqujfmy syfmlrafiz`tiaf ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf if tlj erjqujfmy had`if rjejrs ta tlj erjqujfmy `mmur`my dj`surjh by madp`rifg tlj `mtu`c erjqujfmy gjfjr`tjh by tlj BX] if tlj `ir iftjre`mj (m`rrijr erjqujfmy) ta ` st`bcj rjejrjfmj mcamk. Xlis erjqujfmy `mmur`my is dj`surjh if ufits ae ppb (p`rts pjr bicciaf) ar ppd (p`rts pjr dicciaf). =G^^ rjquirjs tl`t tlj dahuc`tjh m`rrijr erjqujfmy ae tlj BX] (`cc R@Xs) bj `mmur`tj ta witlif °:>ppb. Erjqujfmy syfmlrafiz`tiaf m`f bj pravihjh tlraugl ]yfmlrafaus Jtljrfjt, Xa^ sc`vj (IJJJ0:<<v2), 2 DLz, GF]] (ear jx`dpcj G^], Gcaf`ss). ^l`sj syfmlrafiz`tiaf ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf if tlj pl`sj had`if rjejrs ta tlj er`dj `cigfdjft ae tlj r`hia er`dj tr`fsdittjh ifta tlj `ir iftjre`mj by hieejrjft BX]s tl`t `rj `cigfjh ta j`ml atljr witl tlj rjquirjh `mmur`my (if tlj ufit ae dimrasjmafhs ar jvjf f`fasjmafhs). Xidj Hupcjx tjmlfacagy, suml `s CXJ XHH, rjquirjs pl`sj syfmlrafiz`tiaf ear its b`sim apjr`tiaf ta `cigf hawfcifk `fh upcifk tr`fsdissiaf. ^l`sj syfmlrafiz`tiaf idpcimitcy ifmcuhjs erjqujfmy syfmlrafiz`tiaf but fat tlj atljr w`y `raufh. ^l`sj syfmlrafiz`tiaf m`f bj pravihjh tlraugl Xa^ witl pl`sj syfm ar GF]] rjmjivjr. Xidj syfmlrafiz`tiaf ]yfmlrafiz`tiaf if tlj `bsacutj tidj had`if dj`fs tl`t hieejrjft fjtwark jcjdjfts `rj `cigfjh ta tlj rjquirjh Xidj ae H`y (XaH ” if tlj ufit ae yj`rs, daftls, h`ys, laurs, `fh sa af). Xlj rjquirjdjfts sp`f erad vjry dich rjquirjdjfts ta tlj dast strifgjft hjpjfhifg af tlj `ppcim`tiafs. Ear jx`dpcj, tidj syfmlrafiz`tiaf is rjquirjh ear A&D purpasjs, suml `s `c`rd marrjc`tiaf. If tlis m`sj, tlj `mmur`my rjquirjdjft is if tlj r`fgj ae diccisjmafhs. Af tlj atljr l`fh, ]ystjd Er`dj Fudbjr (]EF) `cigfdjft af tlj r`hia iftjre`mj l`s ` vjry strimt `mmur`my rjquirjdjft af tlj cjvjc ae sub dimrasjmafhs. Fatj tl`t ]EF `cigfdjft rjquirjs pl`sj syfmlrafiz`tiaf. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. == Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maddaf maddaf pcug pcug-if -if ufit ufits s Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f 7.2 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj lachavjr pjreard`fmj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj pravihjs iftjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf ear ` ciditjh tidj if m`sj tlj jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf is cast. Xlj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maddaf pcug-if ufits (@]I@, @]IB, @]IK) pravihj tlj eaccawifg lachavjr m`p`bicitijs? • • • g Xypim`c lachavjr pjreard`fmj ae +/- :> ppb ear 5> h`ys. Xypim`c lachavjr pjreard`fmj ae +/- = γs ear 28 laurs. Xypim`c lachavjr pjreard`fmj ae +/- 0> γs ear 6 28 laurs. Fatj? Mafhitiafs? Xlj BX] l`s bjjf pawjrjh af `fh suppcijh witl `mmur`tj pl`sj syfm saurmjs ear ` pjriah ae fa cjss tl`f sjvjf h`ys. Hurifg tlj avjr`cc pjriah (ifmcuhifg lachavjr), BX] l`s bjjf subojmt ta st`bcj X mafhitiafs. 7.= Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs Xlj buttafs rjsjt tlj BX], tlj mafeigur`tiaf, ar rjst`rt tlj BX] if ` e`ic s`ej dahj Yau m`f usj tlj rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs af Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits if m`sj tlj rjdatj maffjmtiaf is fat passibcj. g Fatj? ^rjssifg `fy ae tlj buttafs rjsucts if tlj sjrvimj aut`gj. X`bcj 07 Buttaf =8 Rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs us`gj jeejmts ^rjssifg tidj Jeejmt Rjsjt Rjs jt Cjs Cjss s tl` tl`f f:s Rjb Rjbaat aat ta `mtivj `mtivj p`r p`rtit titiaf iaf ]W (fa (fadif dif`c `c ]W), ]W), fa ml`fgj ml`fgjs s if mafeigur`tiaf Rjsjt Rjs jt Dar Darj j tl` tl`f f:s Rjb Rjbaat aat ta `mtivj `mtivj p`r p`rtit titiaf iaf ]W (fa (fadif dif`c `c ]W), ]W), ma madd ddiss issiaf iafifg ifg h`t` h`t` mcj`rjh, fa ml`fgjs ta sjmurity p`r`djtjrs; rjmaddissiafifg is fjjhjh ]jrvim ]jr vimj j ]if ]ifgcj gcj mcimk mcimk Rjb Rjbaat aat ta e`ic e`ic s`e s`ej j ]W ]W;; rj-ifs rj-ifst`c t`cc`t c`tiaf iaf ae tlj fadif` fadif`cc ]W `fh rjmaddissiafifg `rj fjjhjh © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Eigurj 0= Faki` Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maddaf maddaf pcug-if pcug-if ufits ufits @]I@ rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs cam`tiaf Cam`tiaf ae tlasj buttafs af @]I@@ is tlj s`dj. Eigurj 08 @]IB rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs cam`tiaf Cam`tiaf ae tlasj buttafs af @]IB@ is tlj s`dj. Eigurj 0: @]IK rjsjt `fh sjrvimj buttafs cam`tiafs Cam`tiaf ae tlasj buttafs af @]IK@ is tlj s`dj. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. =: Faki` Faki ` @ir] @ir]m`cj m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj m`p`mity m`p`mity pcug-if pcug-if ufit ufits s Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f < Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj m`p`mity pcugif ufits Xlj ufits pravihj mjcc-spjmieim b`sjb`fh pramjssifg `fh aptim`c iftjre`mjs ta r`hia ufits. X`bcj 0< M`p`mity ufits avjrvijw ^rapjrty U`cuj @BI@ g @BIC Faki` prahumt mahj 87=>95@ 878>2>@ Ifgrjss pratjmtiaf mc`ss I^ 2> I^ 2> Wjiglt (witlaut p`mk`gifg) 2.0 kg (8.5 cb) 2.0 kg (8.5 cb) Iftrahumjh by ej`turj CXJ2250? @ir]m`cj M`p`mity @BI@ :GM>>>275? @ir]m`cj M`p`mity @BIC Fatj? Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj m`p`mity pcug-if ufits jxist if v`riaus vjrsiafs. Rjejr ta Xjmlfim`c Fatjs (p`rt ae systjd ]W rjcj`sj hamudjft`tiaf) ear eufmtiaf`city hjt`ics ae j`ml vjrsiaf. Eigurj 05 @BI@ iftjre`mjs X`bcj 09 @BI@ iftjre`mjs C`bjc Eufmtiaf RE0.. RE0...5 .5 Era Eraftl ftl`uc `uc ift iftjre jre`mj `mj R^ R^==>0/M^RI ta r`hia ufits Maffjmta r typj ]E^+ @hhitiaf`c ifeard`tiaf 0 x AB]@I R^=->0 (=>72 Dbps ar 5088 Dbps) ar M^RI (5 Gbps ar 9.< Gbps) ]upparts IP Madprjssiaf witl tlrjj M^RI iftjre`mjs RE0, RE2 `fh RE= Eigurj 07 @BIC iftjre`mjs X`bcj 2> @BIC iftjre`mjs C`bjc =5 Eufmtiaf ]-RE0, Eraftl`uc M^RI ]-RE2 iftjre`mjs ta r`hia ufits Maffjmtar typj ]E^/]E^+ © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. @hhitiaf`c ifeard`tiaf M^RI 9.< Gbps ar 0>.0=75 Gbps 0>/2: GJ HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf X`bcj 2> C`bjc P-RE0, P-RE2 Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj m`p`mity m`p`mity pcug-if pcug-if ufits ufits @BIC iftjre`mjs (Maft.) Eufmtiaf Eraftl`uc M^RI iftjre`mjs ta r`hia ufits Maffjmtar typj P]E^ @hhitiaf`c ifeard`tiaf M^RI 9.< Gbps ar 0>.0=75 Gbps 0>/2: GJ 0>/2: GJ Jtljrfjt HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. =7 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj jfvirafdjft`c rjquirjdjfts `fh idp`mt Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf 9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj jfvirafdjft`c rjquirjdjfts `fh idp`mt 9.0 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj jfvirafdjft`c rjquirjdjfts Xjdpjr`turj `fh ludihity r`fgjs; tr`fspart, star`gj, `fh apjr`tiaf`c rjquirjdjfts X`bcj 20 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D tjdpjr`turj `fh ludihity rjquirjdjfts @mtivity Xjdpjr`turj r`fgjs Ludihity r`fgjs Ifhaar Authaar Xr`fspart`tiaf ”8>¾M ta 7>¾M (”8>¾E ta 0:<¾E) Zp ta 9:% ]tar`gj ”==¾M ta ::¾M (”27¾E ta 0=0¾E) 0>% ta 0>>% Ifst`cc`tiaf ”2>¾M ta 5>¾M (”8¾E ta 08>¾E) Zp ta 9=% Ap Apjr jr`t `tif ifg g ”:¾M ”:¾M ta :>¾M :>¾M (2=¾ (2=¾E E ta 022¾ 022¾E) E) ea earr `c `ccc :G mafeigur`tiafs witl b`mk ta eraft `irecaw. ”=:¾M ta ::¾M (”=0¾E ta 0=0¾E) ”:¾M ta ::¾M (2=¾E ta 0=0¾E) • Ear `cc CXJ mafeigur`tiafs. • Ear `cc :G mafeigur`tiafs witl eraft ta b`mk `irecaw. Ear :G rjhumjh mafeigur`tiafs witl b`mk ta eraft `irecaw. Maft`mt Faki` Xjmlfim`c ]uppart ear hjt`ics. Ear suppartjh e`f praeicjs, sjj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj saufh pawjr cjvjcs.. cjvjcs • ”:¾M ta 5>¾M (2=¾E ta 08>¾E)7) ^awjrifg up<) Mach ach st`r t`rtt-up up ”=:¾M ta ::¾M (”=0¾E ta 0=0¾E) ”:¾ :¾M M ta ::¾ ::¾M (2=¾ (2=¾E E ta 0= 0=0¾ 0¾E) E) ”8> ”8>¾M ta :: ::¾¾M (”8>¾E ta 0=0¾E) 7) <) =< 5>¾M is afcy suppartjh if CXJ/]R@F, witl eraft ta b`mk `irecaw ifsihj @DI@ witl @]I@ @.2>2 ar @ @]IB, ]IB, `fh `fy @BI@ vjrsiaf. ^awjrifg af is `ccawjh erad ”=:¾M, but @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj hajs fat st`rt uftic ”:¾M is rj`mljh. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Da Dahu hucj cj ^rahu ^rahumt mt Hjsmr Hjsmript iptiaf iaf X`bcj 22 Ifst`cc`tiaf jfvirafdj ft Ifh Ifhaar aar Faki` Faki` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj jfvir jfviraf afdj djft` ft`cc rjquirjdjfts `fh idp`mt Rjquirjh mcid`tim mafhitiafs JX]I fard rjquirjh ear? Xr`fspart`tiaf ]tar`gj Apjr`tiaf JX JX]I ]I JF =>> =>> >09>09-00-2 2 JX]I JF =>> >09-0-0 JX]I JF =>> >09-0-=, Mc`ss 2.= Mc`ss 0.2 mc`ss =.0J JX]I JF =>> >09-0-8, mc`ss 8.0 9) Authaar 9.2 FJB] rjquirjdjfts ear Faki` @ir]m`cj ]D @ sjt ae maddaf maddaf tjmlfim`c rjquirjdjfts rjquirjdjfts ae s`ejty, s`ejty, sp`ti`c `fh jfvirafdjft`c jfvirafdjft`c hjsigf hjsigf guihjcifjs, `ppcim`bcj ta tjcjmaddufim`tiafs jquipdjft Fjtwark Jquipdjft-Buichifg ]ystjd (FJB]; GR0><9 mritjri`) ifst`cc`tiaf sitj rjquirjdjfts ear tlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj? • Xlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj fjjhs ta bj maffjmtjh ta tlj cam`c graufhifg systjd. @cc graufhifg systjd wirifg dust bj ifst`ccjh by `pprapri`tjcy cimjfsjh pjrsaffjc. Ifst`cc`tiaf dust bj pjreardjh if `mmarh`fmj witl f`tiaf`c `fh cam`c jcjmtrim`c mahjs, ear jx`dpcj? F`tiaf`c Jcjmtrim`c Mahj (FJM), F`tiaf`c Eirj ^ratjmtiaf @ssami`tiaf 7> (FE^@ 7>) if tlj Zfitjh ]t`tjs. Xlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj fjjhs ta bj pravihjh witl `f jfvirafdjft`c jfmcasurj if cam`tiafs wljrj tlj FJM `ppcijs ear rjstrimtjh `mmjss, `fh if autsihj pc`ft cam`tiafs. Xlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj fjjhs ta bj ifst`ccjh usifg tlrj`h-eardifg typj ufit dauftifg smrjws tl`t rjdavj `fy paift ar faf-mafhumtivj ma`tifgs `fh jst`bcisl djt`c-ta-djt`c maft`mt. Xlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj fjjhs ta bj maffjmtjh ta `f isac`tjh HM rjturf (HM-I). Xlj iftr`-buichifg iftr`-buichi fg parts, suml `s/ear jx`dpcj tlj Jcjmtrim`c Jtljrfjt (JIE) iftjre`mjs `fh tlj Cam`c D`f`gjdjft ^art (CD^) ae tlj jquipdjft ar sub`ssjdbcy, `rj • • • • suit`bcj ear maffjmtiaf ta iftr`-buichifg, ufjxpasjh wirifg, ar m`bcifg afcy. Xlj iftr`buichifg parts ae tlj jquipdjft ar sub`ssjdbcy dust fat bj djt`ccim`ccy maffjmtjh ta iftjre`mjs tl`t maffjmt ta tlj Autsihj ^c`ft (A]^) ar its wirifg. Xljsj iftjre`mjs `rj hjsigfjh ear usj `s iftr`-buichifg iftjre`mjs afcy (Xypj 2 ar Xypj 8 parts `s hjsmribjh if GR-0><9) `fh rjquirj isac`tiaf erad tlj jxpasjh Autsihj ^c`ft (A]^) m`bcifg. Xlj `hhitiaf ae ^rid`ry ^ratjmtars is fat sueeimijft pratjmtiaf if arhjr ta maffjmt tljsj iftjre`mjs djt`ccim`ccy ta A]^ wirifg. 9) HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 JX]I JF =>> >09-0-=, mc`ss =.0 givjs gjfjr`c guih`fmj af ifhaar ifst`cc`tiaf jfvirafdjft`c mafhitiafs. Lawjvjr, cam`c mafhitiafs m`f ml`fgj avjr tidj (h`y, sj`saf) `fh it m`f bj idpassibcj ta vjriey ie tlj ifhaar sitj rjquirjdjfts `rj uf`dbiguauscy djt. Ear jx`dpcj, tlj `dauft ae ludihity `fh hust m`f ifmrj`sj ta ` cjvjc wliml jvjftu`ccy m`f hjmrj`sj pjreard`fmj `fh prjvjft tlj fard`c apjr`tiaf ae tlj dahucj avjr tidj. If suml ` m`sj, wljf tlis jfvirafdjft`c ufmjrt`ifty is prjsjft, tlj cafg-tjrd apjr`tiaf ae BX] dahucjs dust bj sjmurjh by idpravifg tlj apjr`tifg mafhitiafs, ear jx`dpcj, by usifg prapjr eictjrifg ear hust `fh ludihity. "Ifhaar" if tlis maftjxt dj`fs ` maftraccjh jfvirafdjft tl`t l`s fa hirjmt authaar maft`mt ar `mmjss (suml `s apjf wifhaws ar haars). Ear jx`dpcj, ` raae ar `fy atljr sljctjr `g`ifst r`if `cafj hajs fat qu`ciey `s `f ifhaar sp`mj. Ifmadifg `ir dust bj eictjrjh ta rjdavj `fy hust. Ie tlj autsihj `ir is lattjr tl`f tlj ifhaar sp`mj, tljrj dust fat bj `fy daisturj wliml diglt mafhjfsj ifta w`tjr. @ lj`t jxml`fgjr ar `f `ir mafhitiafjr m`f bj usjh ifstj`h ae eictjr `ir maacifg. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. =9 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj jfvirafdjft`c rjquirjdjfts `fh idp`mt • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf Xlj iftr`-buichifg parts ae tlj jquipdjft ar sub`ssjdbcy dust usj slijchjh iftr`buichifg m`bcifg/wirifg tl`t is graufhjh `t batl jfhs. 9.= Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj saufh pawjr cjvjcs D`xidud `maustim faisj cjvjcs jdittjh by Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj subr`mks, dj`surjh `mmarhifg ta I]A =788 X`bcj 2= ]ubr`mks' saufh pawjr cjvjcs hjpjfhjfmy af tjdpjr`turj (dj`surjh `mmarhifg ta I]A =788) Xjd jdpj pjr` r`tu turj rj D`xi D`xidu dud d fa fais isj j cj cjvj vjcc if eeuc uccc mafe mafeig igur ur`t `tia iaf f wi witl tl ccaw aw fai faisj sj ee`f `f p pra raei eicj cj (hB@) @DI@ @DAB @DAH 0:¾M (:9¾E) :8 :7 Wicc bj pravihjh if tlj euturj rjcj`sjs 2=¾M (7=.8¾E) 52 :7 Wicc bj pravihjh if tlj euturj rjcj`sjs 8:¾M (00=¾E) 5< 75 Wicc bj pravihjh if tlj euturj rjcj`sjs X`bcj 28 ]ubr`mks' saufh pawjr cjvjcs hjpjfhjfmy af e`f praeicj `t 2=¾M (dj`surjh `mmarhifg ta I]A =788) E`f praeicj D`xidud faisj cjvjc (hB@) @DI@ @DAB @DAH Caw faisj 52 :7 Wicc bj pravihjh if tlj euturj rjcj`sjs Aptidizjh <2 <= 7> Aptidizjh witl dueecjr F Fa at `ppcim`bcj Fat `ppcim`bcj 58 Cifj`r 7> 72* @t 2:¾M? 58 @t 8:¾M? 7> Cifj`r witl dueecjr Fat `ppcim`bcj Fat `ppcim`bcj @t 2:¾M? :< @t 8:¾M? 58 *If larizaft`c pasitiaf. Ujrtim`c d`y bj cauhjr. 8> g Fatj? Xlj aptidizjh e`f praeicj hajs fat mafeard witl FJB] `maustim jdissiaf cidits. w FAXIMJ? Ha fat usj tlj caw faisj e`f praeicj witl b`mk ta eraft `irecaw hirjmtiaf ifsihj @DI@ witl @BIC. Zsj tlj cifj`r (hje`uct) ar tlj aptidizjh e`f praeicj. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m @ir]m`cj `cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahu Dahucj cj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahu Dahucj cj pawjr pawjr suppc suppcy y sacut sacutiafs iafs 0> Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj pawjr suppcy sacutiafs Yau d`y pravihj pawjr ta tlj subr`mk l`cvjs sjp`r`tjcy, rjhufh`ftcy, ar tlj pawjr d`y bj brihgjh X`bcj 2: ^awjr suppcy aptiafs suppart by subr`mks ^awjr su suppcy a ap ptiaf @DI@ @DAB @DAH Aptiaf 0 yjs y yj js yjs Aptiaf 2 yjs fa fa Aptiaf = yjs fa yjs* *rjquirjs twa pawjr ejjhifg cifjs? • • g afj ta tlj ^HZ `fh erad tlj ^HZ ta tlj cjet sihj maddaf pcug-if ufit afj witl ` tlirh p`rty avjrvact`gj pratjmtiaf (AU^) ta tlj riglt sihj maddaf pcug-if ufit Fatj? @ sjp`r`tj graufhifg m`bcj is fjjhjh ear j`ml maffjmtjh HM ejjh. Aptiaf 0? @ sifgcj pawjr suppcy ear tlj wlacj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj If tlis aptiaf, tljrj is afj HM ejjh erad jitljr cjet ar riglt subr`mk l`ce's HM ifput. Eigurj 0< ^awjr aptiaf 0 ^rid`ry HM ^rid`ry HM Aptiaf 2? Xwa pawjr suppcijs, suppcyifg pawjr ifhjpjfhjftcy ta twa BX]s If tlis aptiaf, tlj HM brihgj if tlj subr`mk's rj`r is rjdavjh. Batl ifputs ejjh tljir awf subr`mk l`ce. Eigurj 09 ^rid`ry HM HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 ^awjr aptiaf 2 ^rid`ry HM © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 80 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m @ir]m`cj `cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahu Dahucj cj pawjr pawjr supp suppcy cy s sacut acutiafs iafs Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahuc Dahucj j ^rah ^rahumt umt Hjsmriptia Hjsmriptiaf f Aptiaf =? Rjhufh`ft ear afj BX] Xlis aptiaf pravihjs ca`h b`c`fmifg bjtwjjf tlj twa ifputs tlraugl ` HM brihgj if tlj subr`mk's rj`r. Eigurj 2> ^awjr aptiaf = ^rid`ry HM 82 ]jmafh`ry HM © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj pawjr pawjr rjquirjd rjquirjdjfts jfts `fh mafsudptiaf 00 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj pawjr rjquirjdjfts `fh mafsudptiaf ]uppcy vact`gj r`fgj; pawjr mafsudptiaf ae pcug-if ufits `fh subr`mks g Fatj? Ear HM-ejjh `fh eusj r`tifg hjt`ics, sjj Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Ifst`cc`tiaf ]itj Rjquirjdjfts X`bcj 25 Ifput vact`gj ae tlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj Ifhaar ^rapjrty U`cuj Fadif`c suppcy vact`gj -8< U HM Fadif`c ifput vact`gj r`fgj -8>.: U HM ta - :7.> U HM Jxtjfhjh ifput vact`gj r`fgj* -=5.> U HM ta -8>.: U HM -:7.> U HM ta -5>.> U HM Difidud st`rtup vact`gj 8>.: U HM *Ie tlj ifput vact`gj jxmjjhs tlj jxtjfhjh r`fgj, tlj ufit d`y slut hawf. X`bcj 27 ^awjr mafsudptiaf ae tlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj subufits `fh mafeigur`tiafs Zfit/subr`mk Xypim`c pawjr mafsudptiaf (`t 2:¾) Dj`surjh `mmarhifg ta JX]I J] 2>2 7>5 D`xidud pawjr mafsudptiaf (`t ::¾/5>¾) Mach st`rt pawjr mafsudptiaf @DAB, @DAH? `t -8>¾M ^cug-if ufits, @DI@? `t -:¾M @]I@ <> W 029 W wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj @]IB <> W wicc bjrjcj`sj pravihjh if euturj wicc bj rjcj`sj pravihjh if euturj @]IK* 00 00: : W* 0<> W* wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj @BI@ <> W 0:< W wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj @BIC* 0=2 W* 099 W* wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj @DI@ 2> W ta 8> W, hjpjfhifg af tlj mafeigur`tiaf 8> W wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj @DI@ difidud mafeigur`tiaf 05> W 20> W 3 05> W (0 @]I@ + 0 @BI@) HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 8= Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj pawjr rjquirjdjfts `fh mafsudptiaf X`bcj 27 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf ^awjr mafsudptiaf ae tlj Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj subufits `fh mafeigur`tiafs (Maft.) Zfit/subr`mk Xypim`c pawjr mafsudptiaf (`t 2:¾) Dj`surjh `mmarhifg ta JX]I J] 2>2 7>5 D`xidud pawjr mafsudptiaf (`t ::¾/5>¾) Mach st`rt pawjr mafsudptiaf @DAB, @DAH? `t -8>¾M ^cug-if ufits, @DI@? `t -:¾M @DI@ d`xidud mafeigur`tiaf 7>2 W 028< W 3 7>2 W :7= W* wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj 0: W 22: W :7> W (witl afj lj`tjr) (2 @]I@ + 5 @BI@) @DI@ :G l`ce jquippjh* (0 @]IK + = @BIC) @DAB 00>> W (witl twa lj`tjrs) @DAB difidud mafeigur`tiaf 072 W 2<7 W wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj 780 W 0>>= W wicc bj pravihjh if euturj rjcj`sj :8 W 0=> W 52: W (witl afj lj`tjr) (0 @]I@ + 0 @BI@) @DAB d`xidud mafeigur`tiaf (2 @]I@ + 5 @BI@) @DAH 022: W (witl twa lj`tjrs) *Xlj v`cujs ear :G ufits `rj prjcidif`ry; tlj jx`mt v`cujs wicc bj pravihjh if tlj euturj rjcj`sjs. 88 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Da Dahu hucj cj ^rahu ^rahumt mt Hjsmr Hjsmript iptiaf iaf Faki` Faki` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahu Dahucj cj CJH ifhim` ifhim`tar tars s 02 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj CJH ifhim`tars J`ml pcug-if ufit's CJHs ifhim`tj st`tus ae spjmieim parts, e`fs, pcug-if ufits, ar tlj wlacj ]ystjd Dahucj CJHs ifhim`tj apjr`tiaf ae tlj pcug-if ufits (ar tlj wlacj systjd dahucj) `s eaccaws? Zfit (systjd dahucj) st`tus CJH @cc ]E^/P]E^ `fh RO8: iftjre`mjs st`tus CJH E@F st`tus CJH ]JI iftjre`mjs cifk st`tus CJH (maddaf pcug-if ufits) • • • • @cc CJHs `rj =-macar (rjh, grjjf, yjccaw) `fh l`vj tlrjj passibcj st`tjs wljf cit? st`bcj, bcifkifg, ar `ctjrf`tifg macars • 02.0 :G maddaf pcug-if ufit CJH ifhim`tars Eigurj 20 @]IK CJH ifhim`tar cam`tiafs @]IK@ CJH ifhim`tars `rj cam`tjh if tlj s`dj cam`tiafs. X`bcj 2< @]IK CJH ifhim`tars (:G) CJH f`dj E@F CJH hjsmriptiaf Apjr`tiaf`c st`tus ae E@F CJH st`tus ]t`bcj GRJJF? `cc e`fs warkifg ]t`bcj YJCCAW? sadj e`fs e`ucty ]t`bcj RJH? `cc e`fs e`ucty AEE? fat if usj ]X@XZ] Apjr`tiaf`c st`tus ae tlj wlacj ]ystjd Dahucj ]t`bcj GRJJF? LW afcifj ar maddissiafifg mafeigurjh Bcifkifg GRJJF? ]W hawfca`hifg ar maddissiafifg mafeigurifg (if ruftidj) ]t`bcj YJCCAW? maddissiafifg fat mafeigurjh0>) 0>) HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Maddissiafjh h`t` w`s fat upca`hjh upca`hjh ta ` BX]. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 8: Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj CJH CJH ifhim` ifhim`tar tars s X`bcj 2< Fak Faki` i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahuc Dahucj j ^r ^rah ahumt umt Hjsmri Hjsmripti ptiaf af @]IK CJH ifhim`tars (:G) (Maft.) CJH f`dj CJH hjsmriptiaf CJH st`tus Bcifkifg YJCCAW? ]W hawfca`hifg ar maddissiafifg mafeigurifg (if st`rt-up) ]t`bcj RJH? LW rjsjttifg ar LW 00) e`icjh ar maddissiafifg fat mafeigurjh Bcifkifg RJH? LW hjgr`hjh @ctjrf`tifg RJH/YJCCAW? @utamaffjmtiaf st`tj? Rjojmtjh ar rjgistjrjh FAK @ctjrf`tifg GRJJF/RJH? @utamaffjmtiaf st`tj? Rjgistjrjh @ctjrf`tifg GRJJF/YJCCAW? @utamaffjtiaf st`tj? Madpcjtjh ]JI Cifk st`tus ae ]ystjd Jxtjfsiaf iftjre`mj ]JI0 @v`ic`bcj if ` euturj rjcj`sj 02) JIE0 Cifk st`tus ae 0>GJ/2:GJ ]E^2< XR] iftjre`mj JIE0 ]t`bcj GRJJF? JIE cifk warkifg JIE2 Cifk st`tus ae 0>GJ/2:GJ ]E^2< XR] iftjre`mj JIE2 CD^ Cifk st`tus ae Cam`c D`f`gjdjft ^art ]t`bcj YJCCAW? JIE part l`s ` e`ucty ar faf-madpci`ft ]E^ dahucj AEE? if st`rt-up A@D mafeigurjs batl JIE parts `s hje`uct ar ]E^ pcug-if dahucj is dissifg erad JIE part ar JIE l`s ` marrjmt ]E^ dahucj but cifk is fat warkifg ]t`bcj GRJJF? CD^ maffjmtjh AEE? CD^ his`bcjh 02.2 :G m`p`mity pcug-if ufit CJH ifhim`tars Eigurj 22 @BIC CJH ifhim`tar cam`tiafs X`bcj 29 @BIC CJH ifhim`tars (:G) CJH f`dj ]X@XZ] 00) 02) 85 CJH hjsmriptiaf Apjr`tiaf`c st`tus ae tlj @BIC pcug-if ufit CJH st`tus ]t`bcj GRJJF? LW afcifj ar maddissiafifg mafeigurjh Maddissiafjh h`t` w`s upca`hjh ta ta ` BX], but it is dissifg/marruptjh. ]JI maffjmtar is usjh afcy ta maffjmt twa @]IKs witlif afj gFB-HZ (if afj @DI@ subr`mk). Murrjftcy suml mafeigur`tiaf is fat suppartjh. Xwa @]IKs m`f bj pc`mjh if afj @DI@ subr`mk, but tljy bjcafg ta hieejrjft gFB-HZs sa tljrj is fa ]JI maffjmtiaf bjtwjjf tljd. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Da Dahu hucj cj ^rahu ^rahumt mt Hjsmr Hjsmript iptiaf iaf X`bcj 29 Faki` Faki` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahu Dahucj cj CJH ifhim` ifhim`tar tars s @BIC CJH ifhim`tars (:G) (Maft.) CJH f`dj CJH hjsmriptiaf CJH st`tus Bcifkifg YJCCAW? ]W hawfca`hifg ar maddissiafifg mafeigurifg (if st`rt-up) ]t`bcj RJH? LW e`icjh Bcifkifg RJH? LW hjgr`hjh ]-RE0 Cifk st`tus ae RE ]t`bcj GRJJF? cifk jst`bcisljh ]E^+/]E^2< iftjre`mj ]-RE0 ]t`bcj YJCCAW? dissifg ]E^ dahucj ar ]E^ dahucj LW jrrar ]-RE2 ]t`bcj RJH? cifk brakjf Cifk st`tus ae RE ]E^+/]E^2< iftjre`mj ]-RE2 AEE? D-pc`fj is fat ifiti`cizjh ar tlj part is fat maddissiafjh maddissiafjh P-RE0 Cifk st`tus ae RE P]E^+/P]E^2< iftjre`mj PRE0 ]t`bcj GRJJF? `cc maddissiafjh cifks jst`bcisljh ]t`bcj YJCCAW? dissifg P]E^ dahucj ar P]E^ dahucj LW jrrar ]t`bcj RJH? `cc maddissiafjh cifks brakjf P-RE2 Cifk st`tus ae RE P]E^+/P]E^2< iftjre`mj PRE2 @ctjrf`tifg RJH/GRJJF? sadj maddissiafjh cifks brakjf AEE? D-pc`fj is fat ifiti`cizjh ar tlj part is fat maddissiafjh maddissiafjh 02.= CXJ/]R@F maddaf pcug-if ufits CJH ifhim`tars Eigurj 2= @]I@ CJH ifhim`tars cam`tiaf @]I@@ CJH ifhim`tars `rj cam`tjh if tlj s`dj cam`tiafs. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 87 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj CJH CJH ifhim` ifhim`tar tars s Eigurj 28 Fak Faki` i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahuc Dahucj j ^r ^rah ahumt umt Hjsmri Hjsmripti ptiaf af @]IB CJH ifhim`tars cam`tiaf ]RIA0 ]X@XZ] E@F ]JI0 ]JI2 JIE0 JIE2 JIE: JIE= JIE8 CD^ @]IB@ CJH ifhim`tars `rj cam`tjh if tlj s`dj cam`tiafs. X`bcj => @]I@ `fh @]IB CJH ifhim`tars (C (CXJ, XJ, ]R@F) CJH f`dj CJH hjsmriptiaf E@F Apjr`tiaf`c st`tus ae E@F CJH st`tus ]t`bcj GRJJF? `cc e`fs warkifg ]t`bcj YJCCAW? sadj e`fs e`ucty ]t`bcj RJH? `cc e`fs e`ucty ]X@XZ] Apjr`tiaf`c st`tus ae tlj wlacj ]ystjd Dahucj ]t`bcj GRJJF? LW afcifj ar maddissiafifg mafeigurjh Bcifkifg GRJJF? maddissiafifg Iftjrf`c ]W hawfca`h wlicj mafeigurjh ]t`bcj YJCCAW? LW bcamkjh ar LW hjtjmtjh ar maddissiafifg ufmafeigurjh Bcifkifg YJCCAW? maddissiafifg prjp`rifg ar maddissiafifg mafeigurifg ar maddissiafifg prjp`rjh ]t`bcj RJH? LW rjsjttifg ar LW e`icjh Bcifkifg RJH? LW hjgr`hjh ]JI0 Cifk st`tus ae ]ystjd Jxtjfsiaf iftjre`mj ]JI0 @v`ic`bcj if ` euturj rjcj`sj ]JI2 Cifk st`tus ae ]ystjd Jxtjfsiaf iftjre`mj ]JI2 @v`ic`bcj if ` euturj rjcj`sj ]RIA0 Cifk st`tus ae ]RIA ]E^+ iftjre`mj ]RIA0 ]t`bcj GRJJF? ]RIA part afcifj Cifk st`tu st`tus s ae ]RIA ]E^+ iftjre`mj ]RIA2 ]t`bcj RJH? ]RIA part hjgr`hjh Cifk st`tus ae 0/0>GJ ]E^/]E^+ XR] iftjre`mj JIE0 ]t`bcj GRJJF? JIE afcifj Cifk st`tus ae 0/0>GJ ]t`bcj RJH? fa cifk hjtjmtjh ]E^/]E^+ XR] iftjre`mj JIE2 ]t`bcj RJH? JIE e`icjh ]RIA2 ]RIA 2 (@]I (@]I@ @ afcy) JIE0 JIE2 8< ]t`bcj YJCCAW? ]RIA part maffjmtifg Aee? ]RIA part e`icjh ar fat usjh ]t`bcj Yjccaw? ]E^ hismaffjmtjh © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Da Dahu hucj cj ^rahu ^rahumt mt Hjsmr Hjsmript iptiaf iaf X`bcj => Faki` Faki` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahu Dahucj cj CJH ifhim` ifhim`tar tars s @]I@ `fh @]IB CJH ifhim`tars (C (CXJ, XJ, ]R@F) (Maft.) CJH f`dj JIE= CJH hjsmriptiaf Cifk st`tus ae 0>>/0>>>B`sjX XR] iftjre`mj JIE: JIE8 CifXR] k st`iftjre`mj tus ae 0>JIE5 >/0>>>B`sjX JIE: Cifk st`tus ae 0>>/0>>>B`sjX XR] iftjre`mj JIE7 CD^ Cifk st`tus ae Cam`c D`f`gjdjft ^art CJH st`tus Bcifkifg RJH? JIE hjgr`hjh Aee? JIE part fat usjh ]t`bcj GRJJF? CD^ part afcifj ]t`bcj YJCCAW? CD^ part aeecifj (CXJ) Aee? CD^ part fat usjh (CXJ) Aee? CD^ part aeecifj ar fat usjh (]ifgcj R@F) 02.8 CXJ/]R@F m`p`mity pcug-if ufit CJH ifhim`tars Eigurj 2: @BI@ CJH ifhim`tars cam`tiaf X`bcj =0 @BI@ CJH ifhim`tars (CXJ, ]R@F) CJH f`dj ]X@XZ] CJH hjsmriptiaf Apjr`tiaf`c st`tus ae tlj @BI@ pcug-if ufit CJH st`tus ]t`bcj GRJJF? LW afcifj ar maddissiafifg mafeigurjh Bcifkifg GRJJF? Maddissiafifg Iftjrf`c ]W hawfca`h wlicj mafeigurjh ]t`bcj YJCCAW? LW bcamkjh ar LW hjtjmtjh ar maddissiafifg ufmafeigurjh Bcifkifg YJCCAW? maddissiafifg prjp`rifg ar maddissiafifg mafeigurifg ar maddissiafifg prjp`rjh ]t`bcj RJH? LW rjsjttifg ar LW e`icjh Bcifkifg RJH? LW hjgr`hjh RE0 Cifk st`tus ae RE ]E^+ iftjre`mj RE0 RE2 Cifk st`tus ae RE ]E^+ iftjre`mj RE2 RE= HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Cifk st`tus ae RE ]E^+ iftjre`mj RE= ]t`bcj GRJJF? aptim`c m`bcj afcifj ]t`bcj YJCCAW? aptim`c m`bcj hismaffjmtjh ]t`bcj RJH? aptim`c m`bcj e`icjh Bcifkifg RJH? aptim`c m`bcj hjgr`hjh © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. 89 Faki` Fak i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj CJH CJH ifhim` ifhim`tar tars s X`bcj =0 @BI@ CJH ifhim`tars (CXJ, ]R@F) (Maft.) CJH f`dj :> Fak Faki` i` @ir @ir]m` ]m`cj cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahuc Dahucj j ^r ^rah ahumt umt Hjsmri Hjsmripti ptiaf af CJH hjsmriptiaf RE8 Cifk st`tus ae RE ]E^+ iftjre`mj RE8 RE: C ifk st`tuRE: s ae RE ]E^+ iftjre`mj RE5 Cifk st`tus ae RE ]E^+ iftjre`mj RE5 CJH st`tus Aee? aptim`c m`bcj fat usjh © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` aki` @i @irr]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stj jd Dahucj ^rah rahumt Hjsm smrrip ipti tia af Faki ki` ` @i @irr]m` m`cj cj f`dif ifg g ma mafv fvj jfti ftiaf 0= Faki` @ir]m`cj f`difg mafvjftiaf Jxpc`f`tiaf af wl`t tlj mafsjmutivj cjttjrs ae ` Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] dahucjs dj`f X`bcj =2 Faki` @ir]m`cj f`difg mafvjftiaf Cjttjr Eirst cjttjr Hjsmriptiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj prahumt e`dicy @Q Q Q Eirst cjttjr EQQQ ]jmafh cjttjr Eirst gjfjr`tiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj RRL, Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX] prahumt e`dicy @ftjff` jquipdjft, s`dj b`fh madbifjr, madbifjr, XH-CXJ dDIDA Q @Q Q ]jmafh cjttjr M`p`mity pcug-if ufit Q BQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr M`bifjt `fh m`bifjt `mmjssarijs Q MQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr Hipcjxjrs Q HQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr :G `fh CXJ dDIDA Q JQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr Faki` @ir]m`cj Rjdatj R`hia Lj`hs (RRLs) Q LQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr :G r`hia `mmjss paifts (R@^) Q OQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr Caw faisj d`st lj`h `dpcieijr (DL@) Q CQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr ]ubr`mks Q DQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr Madp`mt `mtivj `ftjff` (M@@) sacutiaf Q FQ Q ]jmafh cjttjr ]E^s Q AQ Q ]jma ]jmafh fh cjtt cjttjr jr HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 ^awj ^awjrr su supp ppcy cy da dahu hucj cjs s © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. :0 Faki` aki` @i @irr]m` m`cj cj f`dif ifg g ma mafv fvj jft ftiiaf X`bcj =2 Fa Faki ki` ` @i @ir] r]m` m`cj cj ]ys ystj tjd d Dahuc hucj ^rahumt umt Hjsm Hjsmrrip ipti tia af Faki` @ir]m`cj f`difg mafvjftiaf (Maft.) Cjttjr Hjsmriptiaf Q^ Q Q ]jmafh cjttjr RE Dahucjs QR QQ ]jmafh cjttjr ]ystjd Dahucjs (Ecjxi Ductir`hia 0> BX]) Q] Q Q Maddaf pcug-if ufits (Faki` @ir]m`cj BX]) ]jmafh cjttjr Xr`fspart Dahucjs, ]ubdahucjs, `fh M`bcjs QX Q Q ]jmafh cjttjr Faki` @ir]m`cj XH-CXJ RE Dahucjs (REDs) Q_ Q Q Xlirh cjttjr Ifhaar us`gj QQ I Q Xlirh cjttjr Authaar us`gj QQ AQ Xlirh cjttjr Ecjxi _afj `fh @ir]m`cj sd`cc mjccs QQ WQ Xlirh cjttjr GF]]/G^] jquipdjft `fh `mmjssarijs QQ Y Q Eaurtl cjttjr L`rhw`rj vjrsiaf - @ is tlj eirst, B - tlj sjmafh, `fh sa af. QQ Q @ Eietl (`fh If m`sj ae ducti-b`fh R`hia ufits, tljrj d`y bj eivj ar darj cjttjrs, mafsjmutivj) cjttjr QQ Q Q @ hjpjfhifg af tlj fudbjr ae suppartjh b`fhs.` Xlj eietl cjttjr is ar `csa `hhjh if sadj spjmi`c m`sjs, tljf it hjfatjs d`rkjt-spjmieim mustadjr-spjmieim v`ri`ft. Ear jx`dpcj @]I@@ is tlj s`dj `s @]I@, but it l`s ` hieejrjft HM ifput maffjmtar. Ear tlj eaccawifg r`hia ufits, tlj sjmafh cjttjr ifhim`tjs tlj ufit typj? • • • • • • :2 @@ - Faki` @irsm`cj XH-CXJ dDIDA @J - Faki` @ir]m`cj :G dDIDA @L - Faki` @ir]m`cj Rjdatj R`hia Lj`hs @R - Faki` @ir]m`cj RE Dahucjs @_ - Faki` @ir]m`cj XH-CXJ XH-CXJ `fh :G RRL EL - eirst gjfjr`tiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj RRL © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` aki` @i @irr]m` m`cj cj ]y ]yst stj jd Dahucj ^rah rahumt Hjsm smrrip ipti tia af Faki ki` ` @i @irr]m` m`cj cj f`dif ifg g ma mafv fvj jfti ftiaf Xlj tlirh cjttjr if tlasj m`sjs tjccs tlj apjr`tifg =G^^ b`fh ear tlj rjspjmtivj tjmlfacagy (CXJ ar :G) `s if tlj t`bcj bjcaw. Ie tlj R`hia ufit supparts darj tl`f afj erjqujfmy b`fh, tlj rjspjmtivj cjttjrs `rj givjf afj `etjr `fatljr. Ear jx`dpcj @L^DH@ is ` tripcj-b`fh tripcj-b`fh RRL, wljrj tlj cjttjrs ^DH hjsmribj tlj b`fhs it supparts B`fhs 2<, 2>, `fh <. X`bcj == R`hia b`fhs f`difg mafvjftiaf Cjttjr B`fh @ 8>> DLz B B`fh B`fhs s 02 02,, 0= 0=,, 08 08,, 07 07,, 29 (7 (7>> >> DL DLz) z) M B`fh : (<:> DLz) H B`fh < (9>> DLz) J B`fh `fh = (0 (07> 7>>/ >/0< 0<>> >> DLz) Lz) E B`fh 2: (09>> DLz) G B`fh 0 (20>> DLz) L B`fh 7 (25>> DLz) I B`fh `fh 55 (07>> 07>>/2 /20> 0>> > DLz) K B`fh `fh 00 (0:>> 0:>> DLz) C B`fh 02 (7>> DLz) D B`fh `fh 2> (<>> <>> DLz JZ) F B`fh => (2=>> DLz) A B`fh `fh 70 (5>> 5>> DLz Z]) ^ B`fh 2< (7>> DLz) P B`fhs 82, 8= :G FR B`fhs f77, f7< (=:>> DL_ - 82>> DLz) HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Z :G FR B`fh B`fhs s f2 f2:7 :7,, f2 f2:< :< (2 (28 8 GLz GLz ” 2< GLz) GLz) W :G FR B`fh B`fh f25> f25> (=9 (=9 GL GLz) z) © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. := @ppjfhix?? Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maffjmtars @ppjfhix pif d`ps Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf 08 @ppjfhix? Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maffjmtars pif d`ps ^if d`ps ae Faki`-spjmieim maffjmtars 08.0 HM ifput maffjmtars pif d`p Eigurj 25 HM ifput (@]I@, @]IB, @]IK) HM IF + Eigurj 27 HM ifput (@]I@@, @]IB@, @]IK@) X`bcj =8 Maddaf dahucjs HM ifput maffjmtars ^ if ]igf`c (-8< U HM) Cjet (+) U8<RXF (+) Riglt (-) U8<F (-) 08.2 Faki` @ir]m`cj maddaf pcug-if ufits graufhifg maffjmtars Eigurj 2< @]I@ @.0>0 graufhifg maffjmtar GFH :8 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf Eigurj 29 @ppjfhix @ppjfhix?? Faki` Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maffjmta maffjmtars rs pif d`ps @]I@ @.2>2, @]I@@, @]IB, @]IB@, @]IK, @]IK@ graufhifg maffjmtar GFH X`bcj =: Maddaf ufits graufhifg maffjmtars Maddaf ufit Graufhifg maffjmtar @]I@ @.0>0 afj D: smrjw lacj @]I@ @.2>2, @]I@@, @]IB, @]IB@, @]IK, @]IK@ twa D: smrjw lacjs 08.= Jxtjrf`c @c`rd Maftrac (J@M) maffjmtar pif d`p Xlj maffjmtar is d`rkjh J@M af tlj maddaf pcug-if ufit. Eigurj => J@M LHDI maffjmtar pifs arhjr X`bcj =5 J@M maffjmtar (LHDI) ^if HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 ]igf`c m`sj graufh / ml`ssis graufh 0 J\XQ@C> 2 J\XQ@C0 = J\XQ@C2 8 J\XQ@C= : J\XQ@C8 5 J\XQ@C: 7 J\XQMXRC>QJ\XQ@C5 < J\XQMXRC0QJ\XQ@C7 9 J\XQMXRC2QJ\XQ@C< 0> J\XQMXRC=QJ\XQ@C9 00 J\XQMXRC8QJ\XQ@C0> 02 J\XQMXRC:QJ\XQ@C00 0= ^:UQJ@M 08 ^:UQJ@M 0: ^RAXQM@FQLQ^:UQJ@M 05 GFH © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. :: @ppjfhix? Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maffjmtars @ppjfhix? pif d`ps X`bcj =5 Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf J@M maffjmtar (LHDI) (Maft.) ^if ]igf`c 07 ^RAXQM@FQLQ^:UQJ@M 0< GFH 09 GFH 08.8 Jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf ifput maffjmtar pif d`p Xlj maffjmtar is d`rkjh ]IF af tlj maddaf pcug-if ufit. Eigurj =0 ]IF LHDI maffjmtar pifs arhjr X`bcj =7 Jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz`t iaf ifput iftjre`mj maffjmtar (LHDI) ^if ]igf`c 0 G^]QXIDJQIFQL ^if ]igf`c 2 ]ifgcjJfhjhIf 8 GFH G]DQEMQIFQL = G^]QXIDJQIFQC G]DQEMQIFQC : FM 5 GFH 7 G^]Q^^]QIFQL < FM 0> G^]QMAFXRACQL G]DQEFQIFQL 9 G^]Q^^]QIFQC G]DQEFQIFQC 00 GFH 02 G^]QMAFXRACQC 0= GFH 08 FM 0: G^]Q^WRQRJX 05 GFH 07 GFH 0< G^]Q^WR 09 FM - - ]igf`c hjsmriptiafs? hjsmriptiafs? :5 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf @ppjfhix @ppjfhix?? Faki` Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj maffjmta maffjmtars rs pif d`ps G^]QXIDJQIFQL, G]DQEMQIFQL, G^]QXIDJQIFQC, G]DQEMQIFQC? sjri`c h`t` erad G^] ta M^Z ar G]D Er`dj Mcamk ifput; R]822/8<: hieejrjfti`c. ]ifgcjJfhjhIf? RJE2DQIF RJE0>DQIF @mmjpts XXC/MDA] `fh ]IFJ erad -5 ta +0= hBd. Ifput idpjh`fmj is `ppraxid`tjcy 7: Ald. FM? Fa Maffjmtiaf. G^]Q^^]QIFQL, G]DQEFQIFQL, G^]Q^^]QIFQC, G]DQEFQIFQC? ^^] pucsj erad G^] ar G]D Er`dj Fudbjr ifput; R]822/8<: hieejrjfti`c. G^]QMAFXRACQL, G^]QMAFXRACQC? ]jri`c h`t` eard M^Z ta G^]; R]822/8<: hieejrjfti`c. G^]Q^WR, G^]Q^WRQRJX? G^] pawjr suppcy? :> d@ `t 0: ta 6=: U. U. G^]Q^WRQF is tijh ta GFH. • • • • • • • 08.: Jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf autput maffjmtar pif d`p Xlj maffjmtar is d`rkjh ]AZX af tlj maddaf pcug-if ufit. Eigurj =2 ]AZX LHDI maffjmtar pifs arhjr X`bcj =< Jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz`t iaf autput iftjre`mj maffjmtar (LHDI) ^if ]igf`c 0 G^]QXIDJQAZXQL ^if 2 ]ifgcjJfhjhMcamkAut 0 8 GFH G]DQEMQAZXQL = G^]QXIDJQAZXQC ]igf`c G]DQEMQAZXQC HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 : FM 5 GFH 7 ^^]QAZXQL < ]ifgcjJfhjhMcamkAut 2 9 ^^]QAZXQC 0> HieeMcamkA HieeMcamkAutQL utQL ar G]DQEFQAZXQL 00 GFH 02 HieeMcamkA HieeMcamkAutQC utQC ar G]DQEFQAZXQC 0= GFH 08 FM 0: - 05 GFH 07 GFH 0< FM © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. :7 @ppjfhix?? Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj maffjmtars @ppjfhix pif d`ps X`bcj =< Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf Jxtjrf`c syfmlrafiz`tiaf syfmlrafiz`t iaf autput iftjre`mj maffjmtar (LHDI) (Maft.) ^if ]igf`c 09 XJ]XMCKQG]DQEFQ AZXQL ^if ]igf`c - ]igf`c hjsmriptiafs? hjsmriptiafs? • • • • • • :< G^]QXIDJQAZXQL, G]DQEMQAZXQL, G^]QXIDJQAZXQC, G]DQEMQAZXQC? Mapy ae tlj sjri`c h`t` erad G^] ta M^Z. Xlj maccam`tjh BX] is afcy iftjrjstjh if tlj FDJ@ maftjfts ae tlis h`t` strj`d ar G]D Er`dj Mcamk autput; R]822/8<: hieejrjfti`c ar er`dj mcamk aut. ]ifgcjJfhjhMcamkAut0? ]ifgcjJfhjhMcam kAut0? CUXXC. CUXXC. M`f l`vj 00 00 saurmjs? 2.>8< DLz (erad ]ifgcjJfhjhIf), 0> DLz (erad ]ifgcjJfhjhIf), 0> DLz (E^G@ iftjrf`ccy gjfjr`tjh), EMCKQIF 2:> Lz, ]YFMQWEMCK =>.72 DLz, ]YFMQ]EMCK 0>> Lz, ]YFMQ]EMCK/2 :> Lz, ]YFMQ]EMCK/8 2: Lz, ]YFMQ]EMCK/< 02.: Lz, ]EFA =>.72 DLz pucsj pjr 0> ds, Iftjrf`c ^^]Qift 0 Lz. ^^]QAZXQL, ^^]QAZXQC? ^^]QAZX R]822/8<: hieejrjfti`c. ]ifgcjJfhjhMcamkAut2? ]ifgcjJfhjhMcam kAut2? CUXXC. CUXXC. M`f l`vj twa saurmjs? 2.>8< DLz (erad ]ifgcjJfhjhIf), 0> DLz (erad ]ifgcjJfhjhIf). HieeMcamkAutQL HieeMcamkAut QL ar G]DQEFQAZXQL, HieeMcamkAutQC ar G]DQEFQAZXQC? L`s 02 patjfti`c mcamk saurmjs? 2.>8< DLz (erad ]ifgcjJfhjhIf), 0> DLz (erad ]ifgcjJfhjhIf), 0> DLz (E^G@ iftjrf`ccy gjfjr`tjh), EMCKQIF 2:> Lz, ]YFMQWEMCK =>.72 DLz, ]YFMQ]EMCK 0>> Lz, ]YFMQ]EMCK/2 :> Lz, ]YFMQ]EMCK/8 2: Lz, ]YFMQ]EMCK/< 02.: Lz, ]EFA =>.72 DLz pucsj pjr 0> ds, Iftjrf`c ^^]Qift 0 Lz, G]D ER@DJ fudbjr. XJ]XMCKQG]DQEFQAZXQL? XJ]XMCKQG]DQEFQAZXQL ? ]ifgcj jfhjh mapy ae pifs 0>/02. © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 Faki` Faki ` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj ]ystjd ]ystjd Dahucj Dahucj ^rahumt ^rahumt Hjsmript Hjsmriptiaf iaf @ppjfhix @ppjfhix?? Hamudjf Hamudjft`tia t`tiaf f rjc`tjh rjc`tjh ta Faki` Faki` @ir]m`cj @ir]m`cj BX] 0: @ppjfhix? Hamudjft`tiaf rjc`tjh ta Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Rjejrjfmjs ta atljr Apjr`tifg Hamudjfts wliml ifmcuhj ifeard`tiaf af Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] 0:.0 :G hamudjft`tiaf rjc`tjh ta Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] BX] Hjsmriptiafs • • • • =H Uijw ae Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj :G (ltdc) =H Uijw ae Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj :G (phe) Faki` @ir]m`cj R`hia Zfits Hjsmriptiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ^rahumt Hjsmriptiaf Ifst`cc `fh Maddissiaf • • • • • Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ‘ @DI@ Ifst`ccifg `fh M`bcifg D`fu`c Faki` @ir]m`cj ]ystjd Dahucj ‘ @DAB Ifst`ccifg `fh M`bcifg D`fu`c Ifst`ccifg `fh M`bcifg Faki` @ir]m`cj R`hia Zfits E`mtary Hjcivjry ]aetw`rj `fh Hi`gfastim @fh Rjmavjry ]aetw`rj Hjsmriptiaf Hjpcaydjft, Maddissiafifg `fh Iftjgr`tifg gFB Iftjgr`tj `fh Mafeigurj • Mafeigurifg ]jmurity if gFB Rjejrjfmj • • • :G BX] @c`rds `fh E`ucts :G BX] ^jreard`fmj Dj`surjdjfts :G BX] ^`r`djtjrs Cjg`c, ]`ejty, `fh Jfvirafdjft`c Ifeard`tiaf • Faki` @ir]m`cj Mcauh BX] - :G ^jrsaf`c H`t` Ifvjftary 0:.2 CXJ/]R@F hamudjft`tiaf rjc`tjh ta Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] • Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Hjsmriptiafs ” Faki` @ir]m`cj R`hia Hjsmriptiaf Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Xr`fsdissiaf Hjsmriptiaf ” Faki` @ir]m`cj BX] Aptiaf`c Itjds Hjsmriptiaf ” HF>92=0902 Issuj? >9 © 2>09 Faki`. Faki` mafeihjfti`c. :9 @ppjfhix?? 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