5G Development and Evolution
Foreword

Mobile communications have profoundly changed peoples' lives. Despite
this, the pursuit for higher-performance mobile communications is neverending. The fifth generation of mobile technologies, 5G, has been pushed
forward to adapt to the explosive growth of mobile data traffic, massive
device connections, and emerging new services and application scenarios.

Supporting eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC, 5G can fulfill diversified service
requirements
for
network
capability
differentiation,
and
convergence, ushering in a new era of Internet of Everything (IoE).
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network
Objectives

3
On completion of this course, you will be able to:

Understand the development of mobile communications.

Understand the driving forces of 5G development.

Understand the 5G standardization progress.

Be familiar with the 5G industry chain and ecosystem.
Huawei Confidential
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications

Development and Evolution of Mobile Communications

Industry Applications of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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Huawei Confidential
What Is Communication?
Communication is the process of information exchange and transmission between

people or between people and nature through certain behaviors or mediums, from
one point to another point or multiple points.
Communication
In a broad sense, the exchange of any information is communication. What are the

common ways of exchanging information in our lives?
...
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Evolution of Telecommunications
The telegraph was the first communication tool in human history to transmit information

using electricity. Telephones followed soon after.
Before mobile phones, pagers served as transitional devices. Finally, mobile phones were

developed, enabling communication anytime and anywhere.
Telegraph
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Telephone
Pager
Mobile phone
Modern Communication Media
Wired communication
Wireless communication
c=λxf
Optical fibers
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Network cables
Characteristics of the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Low frequency resources are limited. A low frequency features small propagation

loss and long coverage distance.
High frequency resources however are abundant. A high frequency features large

propagation loss and short coverage distance.
Electromagnetic spectrum
Wave range
Radio
Wavelength
(m)
103
8
Microwave
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10-2
Infrared
Visible
10-5
10-7
Ultraviolet
10-8
X-ray Gamma Ray
10-10
10-12
Frequency
Band
Frequency Range
Wave
UHF
300 ~ 3000 MHz
Decimeter wave
SHF
3 ~ 30 GHz
Centimeter wave
EHF
30 ~ 300 GHz
mmWave
Applications of Radio Communications
Aviation and navigation
Broadcasting station
NFC
LF (3~300 kHz)
MF (300 kHz ~3 MHz)
HF (3~30 MHz)
2G/3G/4G
GPS
UHF (300 MHz~3 GHz)
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5G terminals and modules
SHF (3~30 GHz)
Wireless television
Walkie-talkie
VHF (30~300 MHz)
Next-generation Wi-Fi
EHF (30~300 GHz)
Evolution of Mobile Communications
1980
1G

Analog communications

Digital communications

AMPS, TACS

GSM, CDMA

~ 270 kbps
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2010
3G
2G
Voice services
11
2000
1990
SMS


WCDMA\CDMA2000\
TD-SCDMA
~ 14.4 Mbps
Image browsing
2020
4G
5G

LTE Advance

5G

~ 100 Mbps

~ 10 Gbps

1 ms

1 million devices/km2
HD video
Massive
applications
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications

Development and Evolution of Mobile Communications

Industry Applications of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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Architecture of Mobile Communication Network
Application services
Terminal
Base station
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Transport network
Core network
Applications: Individual Services
Core
network
Transport
network
AI
Big data
Application platform
Transfer
LTE
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Transfer
NR
Video Content
Applications: Transportation
Access
Video
Storage
Application
authentication management management services
Vehiclemounted
camera
PIS
Ticketing
Broadcasting
Vehiclemounted
device
monitoring
Internet
access
News
Gaming
Music
Entertainment
Huawei Confidential
5G
AirFlash
Display
screen
Station
Station/
Station yard
Video
conference
Vehiclemounted
multimedia
15
Information
gathering
Network
management
Wired network
GSM-R/LTE-R
Operation of
communication
services
Railway base station
Railway base station
Applications: Power Industry
Power distribution
telemetering and control
Charging pile
management
Distributed energy
source management
AMI
Asset management
eLTE-DSA
DAU
Switching station
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DAU
Ring main unit
DAU
Pole-mounted
transformer
Module
Fault indicator
Module
Smart electricity
meter
DAU
Concentrator
Quiz
1.
Which of the following frequency bands is the mainstream 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G? （
A. MF（300 KHz ~ 3 MHz）
B. HF（3 ~ 30 MHz）
C. VHF （30 ~ 300 MHz）
D. UHF（300 MHz ~ 3 GHz）
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）
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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5G Overall Vision

5G will have profound impact on various fields and on the future of society, providing a flexible and
adaptable service experience for different users and scenarios. Ultimately, it will achieve the vision of
"Information at Your Fingertips, Everything Available", and enable IoE.
Industrial
Agriculture
Smart home
Healthcare
Mobile
terminal
VR
Cloud gaming
AR
Transportation
Cloud office
Environment
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Education
Finance
ITU: IMT-2020 Vision
eMBB
10 Gbps
Key Capability Requirements
IMT-2020
Peak throughput
User-perceived rate
UL: 10 Gbps
DL: 20 Gbps
Area capacity
Spectral
efficiency
10 Mbit/s/m2
3x
Network energy
efficiency
Mobility
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URLLC
1 ms
500 km/h
IMTAdvanced
100x
mMTC
1 million connections
per km2
100 Mbps
Connection density
(devices/km2)
1 million
Air interface latency
1 ms
Differentiated 5G Service Requirements

5G will usher in an era of Internet of Everything (IoE) and support three scenarios: eMBB,
URLLC, and mMTC. These three scenarios include diversified and differentiated applications.
URLLC
High speed
High reliability
Massive connectivity
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Typical 5G Service Applications
eMBB
• Enhanced mobile broadband
• High rate: 8-GB movie
download in 3s
• Ultra-reliable low-latency
communication
• Faster response (1/10 to 1/50)
mMTC
• Massive machine-type
communications
• 100 billion connections by 2025
AR/VR
Autonomous driving
mMTC
Live sports
UAV
Smart city
Smart manufacturing
IoV
3D/8K HD video
22
URLLC
Huawei Confidential
VR/AR/MR Services Require High Rates
VR: Virtual Reality
AR: Augmented Reality
Everything you see is virtual.
An information screen is superimposed
on the real-life environment.
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MR: Mixed Reality
Interaction with real and
virtual objects is enabled.
Cloud VR Requires 5G's High Rates
Cloud
gaming
Cloud
computer
Cloud
VR/AR/MR
Low cost,
lightweight, mobility
5G network
Cloud processing
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AR/VR experience
New Services Require Low Latency

Low-latency services such as autonomous driving, remote surgery, and human-robot collaboration
require a response time of less than 10 ms. Service freeze and delay are unacceptable.
Bandwidth (High)
AR/VR
1–10 ms
1 Gbps
10 ms
1 Gbps
Remote surgery
100 Mbps
1–10 ms
300 Mbps
Remote medical
diagnosis
10 ms
50 Mbps
Autonomous
1 ms
driving
50 Mbps
1 ms
1–10
Mbps
10 Mbps
Human-robot
collaboration
20 ms High-speed train
100 Mbps
20 ms
50 Mbps
UAV delivery
10 ms
15 Mbps
20 ms
10 Mbps
1 Mbps
Secs–hr
< 1 Mbps
Smart
wearables
Latency (High)
1 ms
25
< 100 ms Mobile
10 Mbps broadcast
Huawei Confidential
5 ms
10 ms
20 ms
Seconds
Added distance
Latency
Autonomous Driving Requires 5G's Ultra-Low Latency
Driving speed: 100 km/h
Braking distance
LTE
cm
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cm
The Emergence of IoT

The emergence
of the Internet of Things (IoT)
technology
enables
the
interconnection of everything. Massive intelligent terminals are widely used in
industries, agriculture, education and healthcare, transportation and energy,
financial information, and the environment and home.
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Large-scale IoT Requires 5G's Strong Connectivity
Smart
greenhouse
Smart environmental
protection
Smart
greenhouse
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Huawei Confidential
Smart livestock
breeding
Hydrology
monitoring
Smart smoke
detector
Smart garbage box
Geomagnetic
sensor
Smart Manhole
Cover
Smart
monitoring
Smart fire
hydrant
Key 5G Performance Objectives
Latency
Throughput
Connections
Network
Architecture
1 ms
10 Gbps
1 million
Slicing
air interface
latency
per connection
connections
per km2
capability
100 Mbps
10000
Flexibility
30x–50x
30–50 ms
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Quiz
1.
Which types of 5G application scenarios are defined by the International
Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) in June 2015? (
A. Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)
B. Ultra-reliable and Low-latency Connections(URLLC)
C. Massive Machine-type Connections(mMTC)
D. Narrowband Internet of Things(NB-IoT)
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)
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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Significance of Standards and Protocols

The mobile communication network is based on standards. First, discussions lead to the formulation of
all network processes and protocol information elements (IEs), after which equipment vendors design
products and implement functions.
1
Protocols and Standards
Protocol Compliance
33
Protocol
Standard
Description
RRC
3GPP TS 38.331
Radio Resource Control Protocol Specification
PDCP
3GPP TS 38.323
Packet Data Convergence Protocol Specification
NGAP
3GPP TS 38.413
NG Application Protocol
UE
3GPP TS 38.306
User Equipment Radio Access Capabilities
Huawei Confidential
2
Product Implementation
Mobile Communications Standards Organizations
ITU
3GPP
International Telecommunication Union
3rd Generation Partnership Project
ITU is a specialized agency of the United
3GPP, founded in 1998, consists of
Nations for international telecommunication
telecommunication standardization organizations
standards.
in many countries and regions.
ITU working groups:
34
•
3G: IMT-2000
•
4G: IMT-Advanced
•
5G: IMT-2020
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Standardization
organization
ATIS
ETSI
ARIB
TTC
CCSA
TTA
TSDSI
5G Starts from 3GPP Release 15
5G NR
Rel-16
Rel-17
...
Rel-15
Rel-16
Rel-17
...
LTE-A
LTE
Rel-12
36
Rel-15
Rel-13
Rel-14
• 5G New Radio
• 5G Next Generation Core
• LTE Advanced Pro Evolution
• EPC Evolution
Huawei Confidential
Accelerated Standardization of 5G
2020
2019
OTSA
3GPP
Original process
Standardization
acceleration
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Pre-commercial
use
Rel-14
Rel-15
Rel-16
5G Phase 1
5G Phase 2
NSA
eMBB
SA
eMBB
eMBB + URLLC
IMT-2020
Commercial
use
CAICT, Together with the IMT-2020 Promotion Group, Leads 5G Tests
2015
2018
2017
2016
2019
Phase 1
Verification of key technologies
Phase 2
Verification of technical solutions
IMT-2020
Standards version
Standards formulation
Environment construction
2017 Q4
R&D and tests of
5G products
Phase 3
System verification
R&D and tests of 5G technologies
2017 Q3
2020
2018 Q1
2018 Q2
2018 Q3
2018 Q4
3GPP Release 16
3GPP Release 15
NSA and SA networking
Indoor + Field, 3.5 GHz and 4.9 GHz
Indoor test in NSA networking
Test and verification
Field test in NSA networking
Indoor test in SA networking
Field test in SA networking
Terminal test
Interoperability test
Summary and evaluation
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Demonstration and verification of typical 5G applications
3GPP Frozen Versions (Releases 15 and 16)
2017
2016
2018
2019
Release 15 (eMBB)
In December 2017, the first standard
for 5G NR standard that could be
NSA
SA
Late drop
2020
5G
commercial
use
used commercially was formulated.
3GPP
Release 16
(eMBB + URLLC)
LTE air interface evolution
Release 15: basic version
NR technical framework




New waveform
Numerology, frame
structure
Coding, modulation, and
channel
Massive MIMO
Network architecture



Basic design of
industry applications

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Huawei Confidential
UL and DL Decoupling
CU-DU Split
NSA/SA
URLLC
Release 16: evolved version
NR competitiveness
improvement
Industry digitalization



eMBB enhancement in
sub-6 GHz
Integrated access and
backhaul (IAB)



URLLC enhancement
D2D
NR-V2X
Unlicensed
Quiz
1.
Since which 3GPP version is 5G introduced? (
A. R8
B. R12
C. R15
D. R16
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)
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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Accelerated Commercialization of 5G Worldwide
From Standards to
Commercial Use
2 years
Oct. 2001
NTT
10 years
3G
7 years
2001
4G mobile phone
(entry-level
smartphone)
2010
2001
2007
4G mobile
phone
4G
4G
From Commercial Use to 500
Million Users Worldwide
Smartphone
3G
3G
1999
Standard
freezing
From Network to Terminal
5 years
4G
2009
Dec. 2008
Standard
freezing
1 year
Dec. 2009
Telia
5G
5G
Jun. 2018
Standard
freezing
6 months
Dec. 2018
LG U+
Source: Huawei MI
43
2009 1.5 years 2011
Huawei Confidential
2019
3 years
2014
5G mobile phone
(entry-level
smartphone)
5G mobile
phone
2014
3 years
5G
2019
2 years
2021
2019
2022
Synchronous launch
Source: Huawei MI
Source: GSMA
5G E2E Solution
Huawei 5G E2E Product Portfolio
Blade Site
M-MIMO
AAU
Small
Cell
5G Pole
Site
5G RRU
All-RAT
BBU
CPE
Core
network
Bearer
Network
3D Coverage in Dense
Urban Areas
Massive
MIMO
AAU
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Continuous Coverage for
Subways
5G RRU
Terminal
Base Station
Indoor Hotspot
Coverage
Small
Cell
Indoor Traffic
Hotspots
5G Pole
Site
Gradually Maturing 5G Industry Accelerates Global Commercial Use
2019 H1
2019 H2
HISILICON
Balong 5000
NSA/SA
Qualcomm
X50
NSA Only
Samsung
Exynos 5100
NSA Only
Unisock
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Kirin 990 SoC
NSA&SA
SD875+X60
NSA&SA
Exynos 990
SoC
NSA&SA
Dimensity 1000
MT6855 SoC
NSA&SA
MediaTek
Ivy 510
NSA/SA
5G Terminal Industry Ecosystem
2020 ~
Smart Phones
CPE
5G MiFi
Industrial
Modules
Others
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem

5G Terminal Development

5G Spectrum Allocation

5G Networking Evolution
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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Huawei Confidential
5G Mobile Terminals (1)
Price
Huawei
Mate 20
SAMSUNG
Galaxy S10
LG V50
OPPO
Reno
VIVO
SAMSUNG
Galaxy S20
iPhone 12
Huawei P40
Secondary brands of mainstream vendors, such as Redmi,
Realme, iQoo, and Nubia, are launching their 5G mobile
phones, with a price range of USD 200~300.
MOTO
Mod
XIAOMI
MIMX 3
2019.4
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Oneplus 7
2019.7
ZTE AXON
2019.10
2020.1
2020.6
2020.12
5G Mobile Terminals (2)
5G mobile phone price
reduced to USD300 in 2020
Around 200 million 5G mobile
phones delivered in 2020
5G Shipment
(Million)
5G Proportion
Asia Pacific
147
28%
North America
23
24%
Region
Price
(USD)
800$+
Global Smartphone Shipment Forecast
80%
50%
500
Europe
17
Latin America/Middle
East/Africa
13
5G mobile phone shipment
200
Total smartphone shipment
1000
13%
5%
20%
In 2020, nearly 200 million 5G mobile phones have been
delivered, accounting for 20%.
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, and South Korea) is the major market.
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Flagship mobile
phone
20%
Low-end
mobile phone
300$
300
~200
2019
2020
2021
~150
2022
Proportion of
5G mobile
phones
By the end of 2020, 20% mobile phones will be worth USD300 to USD500.
By 2021, the proportion of 5G mobile phones will reach 50%, and the cost
of low-end mobile phones will be reduced to USD200.
5G Data Terminals (CPE & 5G MiFi)
Industrial CPE
Indoor CPE
Window-mounted
CPE
Outdoor CPE
5G MIFI
Distance
300 m (indoor)
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500 m (near window)
> 800 m (outdoor)
5G Industry Terminals & Modules
Huawei Launches the First Commercial 5G Industrial Module
Multiple Vendors Have Launched Module Samples
(Batch GTM in 2020 H2)
QUECTEL: RG500Q/RG510Q/RM500Q/RM510Q
Fixed wireless access, mobile hotspots, cloud PCs
China Mobile IoT: F02X and F03X
VR/AR, Industrial Internet, PCs



Higher performance: single-core full-mode, NSA/SA, 2 Gbps in
the downlink, 230 Mbps in the uplink
More reliable: advanced industrial design, –40°C to +85°C
industrial temperature
More open: rich hardware interfaces, full set of development
tools, and technical support
Huawei Universal 5G+V2X Terminal
TD Tech's Industrial CPE
Sunsea AIoT: SIM8200EA-M2/SIM8200G/EX510
Mobile terminals, hand-held devices, cloud PCs,
fixed wireless access gateways
SIMCom: SIM8200, SIM8300, SIM8200-M2, SIM8300-M2
Fixed wireless access, multimedia videos, cloud
PCs
Fibocom: FB101/FB150
Cloud PCs, gateways, industrial management,
telemedicine, UAV, VR/AR



50
Industry's first 5G+V2X
commercial device
Support for SA/NSA
Applicable to IoV
Huawei Confidential



Industrial-grade protection: IP65,
anti-magnetic, and anti-salt spray
Support for SA/NSA
Omnidirectional highly-sensitivity
antenna: 5G 4T4R
Sierra Wireless: AirPrime 5G module
Industrial Internet, smart transportation, smart
healthcare, smart driving
Huawei: MH5000
VR/AR, IoV, smart manufacturing, energy Internet,
UAV, healthcare
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem

5G Terminal Development

5G Spectrum Allocation

5G Networking Evolution
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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Huawei Confidential
5G Spectrum Resources
Sub-6 GHz
mmWave
Visible
light
1
2
3
4
5
6
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Sub-3 GHz C-band
5G primary frequency band
5G extended frequency band
Coverage & Mobility
Capacity & Self-backhaul

90
GHz
The 5G spectrum resources defined in the 3GPP specifications can be divided into two frequency
ranges: FR1 and FR2.


52
80
FR1: sub-6 GHz, the primary frequency band for 5G. The frequencies below 3 GHz are called sub-3 GHz,
and all remaining spectrum is referred to as C-band.
FR2: mmWave above 6 GHz, the extended frequency band for 5G, with abundant spectrum resources
Huawei Confidential
Global Mainstream 5G Spectrum
C-band
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
GHz
Europe
United States
China
Japan
South Korea
C-band (3.4–4.9 GHz) can provide at least 200 MHz bandwidth, becoming the main spectrum of global 5G networks.
G40
G30
mmWave
25
EU RSPG
3.25 GHz
1.6 GHz
USA FCC
MIIT
Japan MIC
South Korea MSIP
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40
30
45
GHz
3 GHz
3 GHz
0.85GHz
2.75 GHz
5.5 GHz
2 GHz
3 GHz
Confirmed
Being confirmed
Candidate, first band for mobile services
Candidate, first band for non-mobile services
Pending
Outside the AI1.13 framework
Progress of Sub-3 GHz Spectrum
Spectrum: Quick Release
Without the First Band
700 MHz, without C-band
Netherlands is expected to release C-band,
preferentially 700 MHz, in 2022.
Occupied C-band and difficult
frequency clearance
In Malaysia and Indonesia, the C-Band is
occupied by satellites. 5G will be deployed in
existing frequency bands.
Site: Difficult Multi-
Antenna Deployment
Difficult to acquire massive
MIMO sites
Swisscom: 90% the rooftop space of
urban sites is fully occupied and
cannot be upgraded or reconstructed
for more antennas.
Sunrise: Blade AAU single-antenna
solution is expected to be deployed.
Coverage: 5G Fast Coverage
Wide coverage
According to the 5G spectrum regulation
requirements in Germany, 98% of the
population, as well as all major highways and
railways will be provided with a rate of 100
Mbps by 2022.
Four major operators in Germany have
proposed C-Band + sub-3 GHz.
Huawei Confidential
600M
700M
800M
900M
3.5 GHz NR
3.5 GHz NR
1.8G
700 MHz NR
2.1 GHz NR
2.1G
Continuous coverage in urban
areas and deep indoor coverage
French operators plan to deploy
700 MHz in cities.
3.5 GHz
–22 dB
Penetration loss
700 MHz
54
Requirements of Sub-3 GHz NR
Evolution Projects
–14 dB
2.3G
2
10+ countries such as
Fr./Ger./Neth./Switz./Fin.
14
2 Mainstream frequency
bands:
2 700 MHz/1.8 GHz/2.1 GHz
Malaysia/Pol.
9
/Switz./Braz.
Ger./Aust./Czech/
Pol./Greece/Hong Kong
4
2.6G B7
Switz./Rus. 5
2.6G B38
5
Global Sub-3 GHz NR
Progress Acceleration
12
Spectrum Allocation in China
China Mobile
100 MHz
700 MHz
698
10
MHz
900 MHz
825
1800
MHz
10
MHz
835
25 MHz
20 MHz
1920
30 MHz
10
MHz
24 MHz
30 MHz
1805
2010
1980
China Unicom
CBN
960
15 MHz
20 MHz
1900
1880
15
MHz
5
China Telecom
6
930
25 MHz
1785
25 MHz
6
915
20 MHz
20 MHz
2025
25 MHz
2515
2555
2575
2635
100 MHz
3.5 GHz
100 MHz
4.9 GHz
4800
Huawei Confidential
2675
100 MHz
3500
3400
2655
3600
60 MHz
4900
10
MHz
5
2170
2110
160 MHz
2.6 GHz
55
24 MHz
870 880 885
1710
2.1 GHz
798
5000
5G Spectrum Allocation in China
Guard band
4G
2.6
GHz
BeiDou
2480
New
Reused
China Unicom
20 MHz
2500
2515
2555
China Mobile 60 MHz
4.8
GHz
3.3
GHz
56
2575
2635
4800
Radar
2675 2690
2675
China Unicom 100 MHz
China Mobile 100 MHz
3600
40 MHz reserved
CBN 60 MHz
4900
100 MHz for indoor scenarios (to be determined)
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2655
3500
3400
Guard band
China Mobile
40 MHz
China Mobile 60 MHz
China Telecom 100 MHz
3300
New
China Mobile 160 MHz
2515
5G
Reused
China Telecom
20 MHz
China Mobile
60 MHz
China Mobile 60 MHz
2.6
GHz
3.5
GHz
Existing 4G spectrum
3400
4960
5000
5G Spectrum Sharing in China
2.6G
100 MHz NR
4.9G
100 MHz NR
60 MHz CloudAIR
China
Telecom & 3.5
China Telecom 100 MHz
China Unicom 100 MHz
China
GHz
3400
3500
3600
Unicom
Mobile
4G traffic
Initial commercial
use of 5G
5G traffic
2020
5G penetration
rate 20%
60 MHz LTE
Phase 2: Leverage large
bandwidths.
2.6 GHz 100 MHz NR
4.9 GHz 100 MHz NR
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2022 ~
2021
Phase 1: Leverage low
frequency bands.
2.6 GHz 100 MHz NR
4G traffic peak
60 MHz
On-demand enabling
of 260 MHz NR
Phase 3: Delve deep into
spectrum advantages.
2.6 GHz 100 MHz NR
4.9 GHz 100 MHz NR
60 MHz NR
260 MHz NR enabling
on a large scale
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem

5G Terminal Development

5G Spectrum Allocation

5G Networking Evolution
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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Evolution of Typical 5G Networking
Preferentially develop eMBB services
Dense urban area Urban area
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Dense urban area Urban area
mmWave
mmWave
C-band
C-band
2.6 GHz
2.6 GHz
Experience
-based
1.8–2.1 GHz
700/800/900 MHz
700/800/900 MHz
5G
Suburban or
rural area
Experience
-oriented
1.8–2.1 GHz
4G
59
Suburban or
rural area
Gradually expand to vertical industries
4G
5G
Coveragebased
Example of the Target Networking Policy
County
City
4.9 GHz
2.6 GHz
1.8 GHz
900 MHz
60
Town
Rural area
On-demand construction of
hotspots and vertical industries
5G
5G: evolution towards full 160 MHz
4G: on-demand enabling
Continuous coverage in
counties and above
NB/FDD
Spectrum sharing
GSM
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5G hotspots and vertical industries
5G capacity layer
eMBB services such as
VR/AR/video
5G basic coverage/4G
capacity layer
Strong data bearing capability
and high-quality user
experience
4G basic capacity layer (5G
NSA anchor)
Best coverage capabilities
Basic network for voice/IoT
services
5G
Collaborative
planning
Co-construction
and co-existence
4G
5G 3D Networking for All Scenarios
Macro base
station
64T/32T hybrid networking, reuse of
existing 8T modules in rural areas
Pole site
64T
MIMO
New/
Upgraded
IBS
DIS
DAS
LampSite Traditional indoor
distributed site
Hotspot area
32T
MIMO
High-speed
railway
Easymacro/BookRRU
Macro-micro coordination at the
coverage edge for better experience
Suburban
coverage
Metro
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8T
RRU + antenna
Rural area
High-power 2T RRU + leaky cable & DIS
64T/32T Scenario-based Combination to Balance Network
Performance and Investment
64T is planned and deployed based on the density, height, and capacity
requirements of buildings. 32T is deployed in other scenarios.
High-rise-building-intensive area
(50% high-density buildings with
more than six floors)
Potential high-traffic cells
(top 20% 4G cells with heavy traffic)
or
Deep coverage
capability comparison
Capacity capability
comparison
Vertical coverage
capability comparison


64T provides better deep coverage, and
a cell edge rate 1.3 times that of 32T.

The capacity of 64T is 1.3–1.4 times
that of 32T.
Capacity comparison
Edge rate
150
100
132.23
100.47 32%
28%
38%
High-rise building
(over 10 floors)
or
64T has strong vertical coverage capability
and provides better user experience at
higher floors (higher than 10 floors).
Downlink rate comparison
between floors
25%
139.1
80% 95.6
110.5
53.4
50
0
32T
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64T
Uplink
32T
64T Downlink
10F
32T
64T
20F
Contents
1. Basics of Mobile Communications
2. Driving Force of 5G Development
3. 5G Standardization Progress
4. 5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem
5. Global 5G Commercial Use
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5G Commercialized in Major Markets Worldwide

South Korea


On April 3, 2019, 5G commercial services were released,
with nearly one million users.

Sunrise: 90% of the population served by the end of 2019

BT/EE: commercial release in May and available in 16 cities
by the end of 2019; 3UK: commercial release in August
Docomo: first commercial use in 2019 H2; nationwide
coverage in 2022
China



Japan


Western Europe

License issuance in June 2019

Elisa: commercial release in June

Vodafone Spain: commercial use in June 2019
Middle East

urban coverage in June
North America

Verizon: commercialized on April 3, 2019 and available
in 20 cities by the end of 2019

Sprint: commercial release in May
VIVA Kuwait: pre-commercial use in April and nationwide


UAE: commercial release in June

Saudi Arabia: urban coverage completed in 2019
South Africa

5G services launched in September 2019, covering
Johannesburg and Cape Town
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5G Commercial Use in China
2019.06.06
5G licensing
130,000
600,000
5G base stations, 2019
5G base stations, 2020
Network-wide
coverage
2019.10.31
Commercial
use
Urban or suburban
areas
2022
300+
cities
2020 Q4
50+
cities
2019 Q4
2020.8
60 million
users
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2019
2020
2021
2022
Multi-Band Multimode Tests in All Scenarios
Basic performance
Mode/Frequency
Band
Single-User Peak
Rate - UL
Single-User Peak
Rate - DL
Single-Cell Peak Rate
- UL
Single-Cell Peak
Rate - DL
Delay - Control
Plane
Delay - User
Plane
SA - 2.6 GHz
253 Mbps
1.79 Gbps
8 layers: 670 Mbps
16 streams: 5.62
Gbps
79.1 ms
8–9 ms
SA - 4.9 GHz
374 Mbps
1.55 Gbps
8 layers: 900 Mbps
16 layers: 4.81 Gbps
78.2 ms
6.6 ms
NSA - 2.6 GHz
125 Mbps
1.75 Gbps
8 layers: 660 Mbps
16 layers: 5.58 Gbps
324 ms
8–9 ms
Network performance
Outdoor Traverse Drive
Test
Highway
Indoor Distributed
System
MU-MIMO
VoNR
Average Speed:
Multi-pRRU
100 Users Online
Cell setup duration: 3s
DL: 901 Mbps DL: 500 Mbps
70 km/h
Average downlink rate:
DL: 5+ Gbps
MOS: 4 (VoLTE)
UL: 140 Mbps UL: 135 Mbps
Average ISD: 550 m
1.27 Gbps
UL: 600+ Mbps
DL: 763 Mbps
Average uplink rate:
SA-2.6 GHz
SA-4.9 GHz
NSA-2.6 GHz
DL: 825 Mbps
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114 Mbps
5G Co-construction and Sharing
Construction interface
Self-built
Sharing
Operator B's
Core network
Operator A's
Core network
Self-built
Operator A&B's
Base station
Targeted at SA and focused on key areas and high-level customers, build a 5G topquality network with wide coverage, high rate, and high-quality experience.
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eMBB Is in the Early Stage, and mMTC and URLLC Are Gradually
Maturing
eMBB high-bandwidth services in the early stage of 5G
360° live VR
AR-guided
engineering cabling
mMTC continues to use 4G IoT, and URLLC
is to be developed.
Cellular IoT standard evolution
2018-2019
2020-2022
NB-IoT/eMTC
UAV video upload
HD video
Gradual maturity of the terminal industry
2K screen becoming the standard
configuration for mid-range and
high-end terminals
Foldable large-screen mobile
phones developed by mainstream
vendors
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mMTC
Currently, 5G does not have independent IoT standards. In the
initial phase, 5G will inherit the air interface standards of NB-IoT
and eMTC.
There are many URLLC scenarios, and typical service
application scenarios are still being explored.
Smart
Connected
Connected
manufacturing
UAV
robot
IoV: 1 billion connections, 20 GB/vehicle/month; 50 million
connections for autonomous driving, 200 GB/vehicle/month;
5 million industrial robots/UAVs
IoV
In September 2018, the AR
At the MWC 2019 new products
version of the mobile phone
launch event, Huawei unveiled its first
game Big Bee was displayed at
5G foldable smartphone, Mate X.
the new iPhone launch event.
2023~2025
Application
scenarios
Exploration of Future Vertical Industry Applications
Smart grid

Network
requirements

70
Monitoring
and control
Automatic
fault recovery
UAV

Agriculture
and forestry
Smart
healthcare

Remote
surgery
Smart
manufacturing

Robot
communication
and control
Latency:
Latency:
Latency:
Latency:
5–50 ms
10–30 ms
10–100 ms
10–100 ms
Very high
High
High
Very high
Reliability:
Huawei Confidential
Reliability:
Reliability:
Reliability:
and more
...
Applications
Trends of 5G Industry Applications
mMTC
Phase 1: ~ 2020
Video applications
Individual
Smart wearables
Home
Phase 3: 2023 onwards
Advanced control & massive
connections
Phase 2: 2021–2022
Video-based basic control
Social media
Smart home
interconnection
Public utilities
Industrial
IoV
Smart pole
PLC massive
connections
Logistics
tracking
Energy
Healthcare
Low-voltage
Mobile
centralized healthcare
metering
Device
interconnection
3
Power
Remote
Autonomous distribution
surgery
driving
PMU
Automatic Remote Power distribution
Digital media
driving
automation Remote BAGV
PMSE
2
Vehicle
Immersive social
Precise load mode ultraIndustrial
sonography
platooning
networking AR facial recognition
control
AR
Motion
control
URLLC
Cloud gaming
Cloud office
Cloud AR/VR
DL 100 Mbps
eMBB
Mobile videos
BtoC
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1
Family entertainment
IPTV 4k/8k
DL 50–100 Mbps
BtoH
Industrial
shooting
HD large screen
Signage service
UAV
Cable inspection
Campus Vehicle-mounted
communication
robotic
patrolling entertainment
BtoB
Power distribution
room surveillance
Industry segments
5G Drives Industry Digitalization
$23 trillion
18.9%
32.9%
6.7x
Global digital
economy in 2025
Compound annual growth
rate (CAGR) of the digital
economy in recent years
Proportion of digital
economy GDP
Digital vs. non-digital
ROI
5G + IoT + AI + Vertical integration:
intelligent services are the core control point of 5G services.
Three
technologies
5G
IoT
AI
Source: Oxford Economics, Huawei GIV2025
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Quiz
1.
Currently, the global commercial use focuses on eMBB services in the early stage.
Which of the following services are eMBB services? (
A. AR/VR
B. Drone
C. IoV
D. HD Video Download
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)
Summary
74

Basics of Mobile Communications

Driving Force of 5G Development

5G Standardization Progress

5G Industry Chain and Ecosystem

Global 5G Commercial Use
Huawei Confidential
Recommendations


Huawei official websites

Enterprise services: http://enterprise.huawei.com/en/

Technical support: http://support.huawei.com/enterprise/

Online learning resources: https://e.huawei.com/en/talent/#/
Popular tools

HedEx Lite

Information query assistant
Technical support
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Thank you.
把数字世界带入每个人、每个家庭、
每个组织，构建万物互联的智能世界。
Bring digital to every person, home, and
organization for a fully connected,
intelligent world.
Copyright©2021 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All Rights Reserved.
The information in this document may contain predictive
statements including, without limitation, statements regarding
the future financial and operating results, future product
portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that
could cause actual results and developments to differ materially
from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements.
Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose
only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei
may change the information at any time without notice.