FIELD STUDY 2
LEARNING
EPISODE
Embedding Action Research for Reflective
2
Teaching
FS 2
2
To have a meaningful and successful accomplishment in this FS episode, be read through
the whole episode before participating and assisting in your FS 2 Resource Teacher's class. Note
all the information you will need and tasks you will need and tasks you will need to do before
working on this episode.
TARGET Your Intended Learning Outcome
At the end of this Learning Episode, I must be able to:

be familiar about action research as a reflective teacher

underscore the importance of doing action research.
CLARIFY YOUR TASK
Doing Action Research: An Overview
Every teacher is an action researcher. Everyone can do it. Teachers and students can do it
together.
This episode focuses on doing action research as one of the roles of the team Teacher
should take interest to know how students learn, wants to make innovation curriculum and desires
to improve teaching practice. In order to achieve these, do action research on the everyday practical
problems. These problematic situations discrepancies emerge between what is intended and what
actually occurs in the classroom.
Revisit the infographic/s
There is a general agreement among action research community that action research is
about ACTION: taking action to improve practice and RESEARCH: finding things out and coming
to a new understanding that create new knowledge.
Action research is not new. It dates back to the time of John Dewey in 1920 when he
introduced the idea of inquiry. This was followed by Collier, 1945; Lewin, 1949; Corey, 1933 and
many others who came later. Schon introduced the notion of action research as a habit of
continuing inquiry. Inquiry begins with situations that are problematic, confusing, uncertain and
conflicting, and so does Action Research
It was Stephen Corey (1953) who defined Action Research as the process through which
practitioners like teachers, study their own practice to solve their personal or professional practical
problems. Further on, John Illiot in 1993 clarified that action research is concerned with everyday
practical problems experienced by the teachers, rather than the theoretical problems defined by
pure researchers.
Action research is grounded on the reality of the school, classroom, teachers and students
Sometime it is labelled as Teacher Action Research (TAR) but is popularly known simply as
Action Research (AR).
Action Research is a process that allows teachers to study their own classrooms, schools
and educational setting in order to understand them better and to improve their quality and
effectiveness. The processes of observation, reflection and inquiry lead to action that makes a
difference in teaching and learning. It bridges doing (practice) and learning (study) and reflection
(inquiry).
Participate and Assist
You must have experienced in your past subjects, doing some activities o tasks similar to
an action research. These are activities that required you to do Make Action or the other way
around. Schon (1987) distinguishes Reflection in action or reflection on action as two different
things.
Perhaps your mentor teacher has already done an Action Research. Now is the for you to
participate and assist in ways that you are capable of doing.
Here is what you will do
Making a list of Completed Action Research Titles by Teachers in the Field
1. Make a library or on-line search of the different Completed Action Research Titles
2. Conducted by Teachers 2 Enter the list in the matrix similar to the one below.
3. Submit your list of five (5) Titles of Completed Action Research Studies to your mentor
as reference
Inventory of Sample Action Research Conducted by Teachers
List of Completed Action Research Titles
Author/ Authors
Ex. Differentiate Instruction in Teaching for Mary Joy Olicia
Grade Four Classes
1. Instructional Strategies for Teaching Robert Ojeda
Pre-Algebra to a Diverse Group of
Learners
2. Increasing Reading Comprehension of Veda S. Neumann, B.A
Elementary Students through Fluency- Dorothy K. Ross, B.A
Based Interventions
Anita F. Slaboch, B.A
3. Compendium of Balitaw as Learning Maribel S. Mendosa
Resource Materials Across earning
Areas
4. Improving Mathematics Performance Pede I. Casing, MaEd
among Grade 11 Students through
Jigsaw Technique
5. Increasing the Awareness in Global Ryan C. Sulivas
Warming of Grade 5 Pupils of Anas
Elementary School through the use of
“Present- Engage-Build Infographic
Utilization Technique”
Congratulations!! You have done a good job. By doing so, you have a mentor and
together you will journey towards becoming an action researcher.
Notice
Based on your activity on Making a List of Completed Action Research Titles, let’s find
out what you have noticed by answering the following questions.
Questions
1. What have you noticed about the action
research titles? Do the action research (AR)
titles imply problems to be solved?
Yes ____
No____
My Answers
1. Identified problem to be solved in title
no. 1
How the knowledge and skills assist
students in growing as individuals
while preparing them for the next
level in their academic lives?
2. Identified problem to be solved in title
no. 2
If YES, identify the problems from the title
you have given. Answer in the space provided.
How to improve students reading
comprehension?
3. Identified problem to be solved in title
no. 3
What is the feasibility of integrating
Balitaw in teaching mathematical
concepts?
4. Identified problem to be solved in title
no. 4
How to improve Mathematical skills
in diagnostic test and how to enhance
mathematics performance using
jigsaw technique?
5. Identified problem to be solved in title
no. 5
How technique utilize infographic
materials and would it increase the
awareness of the pupils in global
warming?
1. What interpretation about action Title of the Action Research:
research can you make out of your
Instructional Strategies for Teaching Preanswer in Question No. 1?
Algebra to a Diverse Group of Learners
3. Write the Title and your interpretation of the From the title, I think the study
study from the title.
From the title, I think the study is conducted to
find a strategy that can help teachers on
teaching pre-algebra on a diverse group of
learners.
6. What do you think did the author/s do
with the identified problem as
presented in their titles?
I think the author’s………….
I think the author will research some related
finding from other research papers and make
an action research on how to solve the
problems.
Analyze
Action research seems easy and familiar. Since teaching seems to be full of problematic situations
and that the teacher has a responsibility of finding solution for everyday problems in school, hence
teachers should do action research. This is an exciting part of being a teacher, a problem solver!
Let us continue to examine and analyze what you have noticed and interpreted in the previous
activity.
Key Questions
My Answer
Choose from the options given. You may check more
than one answer.
1. From what source do you
think, did the authors identify
the problems of their action
research?
Choices:
___Copied from research books
 From daily observation of their teaching
practice.
 From difficulties the observed of their learners.
 From their own personal experience.
 From the told experiences of their co-teachers.
2. What do you think is the Choices:
teacher’s
intention
in
 To find a solution to the problematic situations
conducting the action research?
___To comply with the requirement of the principal
 To improve teaching practice
___To try something, if it works
___To prove oneself as better than the others
3. What benefits do you get as a Choices:
student
in
FS
2
in
 Prepare me for my future job
understanding and doing action
___Get good grades in the course
research?
 Learn and practice being an action researcher
 Improve my teaching practice
 Exposure to the realities in the teaching
profession
 Become a better teacher everyday

4. In what ways, you can assist
your mentor in his/ her Action ___By just watching what is being done
Research Activity?
REFLECT
Based on the readings you made and the previous activities that you have done,
1. What significant ideas or concepts have you learned about action research?
I learned that action research is a cycle of action and research for the purpose of improving
performance. It aids in the creation of a link between theory and practice. It is a methodical
technique by which a practitioner does a research in order to analyse or solve a problem.
In a nutshell, a teacher discovers a problem in the classroom and attempts to solving it by
taking a corrective action. He or she conducts a study while executing these steps to assess
their effectiveness and make a modifications depending on the findings.
2. Have you realized that there is a need to be an action researcher as a future teacher?
Yes___ No___, If yes, complete the sentence below.
I realize that action research is important to future educators, because it guarantees that a
realistic solution to any classroom problems is discovered. It tells a teacher conducting
study about the activities they made as well as prospective actions to take in order to
enhance them. Action research is critical in determining whether or not a feasible solution
to a problem exist.
Write Action Research Prompts
OBSERVE
OBSERVE
From what teaching principles of theories can this problem be anchored?

I have observed and noticed that Action Research begins with a problem or a problematic
situation.
Write an example of a problematic situation that you have observed and noticed?
As I read the article or the action research written by teachers I found that the main focus of their
studies are about the students who struggles from their studies, a good example is the study on
how to improve the students’ performance in mathematics among grade 11 students through a
jigsaw technique.
REFLECT
REFLECT
What have I realized? What do I hope to achieve?
I realized that for every teaching learning problem, there is a solution.
Write a probable solution to the problematic situation above
There’s plenty of solutions to any problems. For example, in improving students reading skill.
Students can start on watching educational shows and also by the guidance of teachers. Teachers
can apply parrot reading or by letting the students speak the words in the books or blackboard.
PLAN
PLAN
What strategies, activities, and innovation can I employ to improve the situation or solve the
problem?

As a future action researcher, I can plan for an appropriate intervention like
Thinking of what strategies that I can work on to enhance my teaching skills, a good
example is a student- centered activities. A connection between classroom subjects to
real life situations. Applying open-ended questions, encouragement of creative thinking
and making use of technology and multimedia are among the effective tactics utilized by
teachers.
ACT
ACT
If I conduct or implement my plan, what can be its title?

If will implement my doable plan in the future, my title would be
Teaching Strategies to Cope with the New Normal During Pandemic
Check for Mastery
Direction: Choose the best answer.
1. Every future teacher should do action research because_________.
A. It is a requirement for teachers in the field
B. It will improve teaching practice
C. It will add points to teacher’s performance
D. It is part of the teacher’s standard
2. Spotting a problematic situation in teaching and learning will ________.
A. Spark an idea of doing Teacher Action Research
B. Give more confusion to the teacher
C. Create complexity in everyday teaching
D. Add burden to teacher’s daily routine
3. Which of the following statements motivates a teacher to do action research?
A. Any problem that occurs in my class will soon pass
B. For every teaching-learning problem, there is always a solution.
C. Leave the problematic situation for other teachers to solve.
D. There are more important classroom routines than finding solutions.
4. “Every teacher, should be an action researcher.” This statement is _____________.
A. Applicable only for teachers in big schools
B. Not doable and very idealistic.
C. The call for teachers in the current times.
D. Appropriate for honor graduates
5. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. Action research problem is created by the teacher.
B. Noticing helps a teacher spot problematic situation.
C. Much of the teaching time should be spent in action research.
D. Action research is an optional teacher activity
Work on my Artefacts
ARTEFACTS
Your artefacts will be an Abstract of a completed action research.
Increasing Reading Comprehension of Elementary Students through Fluency-Based
Interventions
Verda S. Neumann, Dorothy Ross, Anita F. Slaboch
Abstract
The authors of this action research project report implemented oral reading fluency-based
interventions for the purpose of improving student’s reading comprehension. Six students in grade
three, six students in grade five, and six students in grade six participated in the study from
Monday, august 7, 2007. Researchers observed that in the targeted reading groups, deficiencies in
any element of oral reading fluency were associated with reading comprehension problems. The
teacher researchers used the following tools to document evidence; dynamic indicators of basic
early literacy skills (DIBELS) oral reading fluency (ORF), which indicated that 50% of students
at site A and 83% of students at site B were below benchmark score for oral reading fluency.
FIELD STUDY 2
Learning
Episode
FS 2
3
Understanding AR
Concepts, Processes
and
Models
To have a meaningful and successful accomplishment in this FS episode, be sure to read
through the whole episode before participating and assisting in your FS 2 Resource Teacher's class.
Note all the information you will need and tasks you will need to do before working on this
episode.
Target Your Intended learning Outcomes
At the end of this Learning Episode, I must be able to:
 use concepts and processes of action research.
 identify sample models of AR such as of DepEd, 2017; McNiff & Whitehead, 2006; and
Nelson, 2014
Clarify Your Task
Understanding and Using Action Research Concepts and Processes
The definition of action research evolved over time. There is no singular definition of action
research. Anchored on the idea of inquiry by John Dewey, several other authors advanced the
concept of action research. Action research is a type of inquiry that is:
 practical as it involves making changes to practice.
 theoretical as it is informed by theory and can generate new insights. .
 concerned with change and improvement.
Action research has been embraced in education for its value in transforming school
practices by the practitioners themselves. It is used to address practical problems in the classroom.
It is a process that allows teachers to study their own classroom and school setting to improve their
effectiveness. Teacher Action Research (TAR) is a method for educational practitioners (teachers,
school leaders) to engage in the assessment and improvement of their own practice. It is a tool to
help classroom teachers consider their teaching methods or to adopt a strategy in order to solve
everyday problem in the school setting.
Here are some questions and answers that you need to know.
1. What are the Core Characteristics of AR (Titchen, 2015)?
 Systematic - Like any form of research, it follows a system.
 Rigorous- It has rigor, meaning a strict adherence to the rules of empirical studies,
 Reflective - It follows a continuous reflection and action.
 Situational- It is more specific to the location (school) circumstances (teaching and
learning, etc.).
 Participative - AR can be participative where teachers and learners are co-researchers.
 Future-oriented - It seeks solution to the current problem for future improvement.
2. Why is Action Research useful to me as a Teacher Researcher?





AR can help me to learn how to improve my practice as a teacher in terms of teaching
methods, classroom management, preparation of the learning environment, developing
instructional materials and assessment.
AR can help me learn more about a wider range of research methods that I can use in
the future.
AR can provide me more space to think deeply about the issues that confront teaching
and learning.
AR can help me engage with my mentor and peers to enable me to improve my
teaching practices through action research.
AR can help me develop new knowledge which is directly related to my area of
specialization.
3. What types of classroom action studies that can I engage in?
 Creating changes in the classroom practices. Example: What changes will daily writing
have on my students?)
 Establishing effects of curriculum restructuring. Example:. Will the use of mother
tongue enhance the reading skills of my learners?)
 Enhancing new understanding of learners. Example: What happens when students get
demotivated?
 Teaching a new process to the students. Example: How can I teach third graders to do
reflection?
MODELS and GUIDE in CONDUCTING ACTION RESEARCH
McNiff & Whitehead 2006 (Adaptation)
Action Research Cycle
The Action Research Process
OBSERVE
Identify the problem
1. Based on observation and noticing, what problematic situations
prevail IN THE classroom or teaching learning environment?
2. Which of these problems shall I focus on?
3. What does literature say about this problem? On what theories
or principles I leaned before is the problem anchored?
REFLECT
Reflect (Reflection continues all through out the process.)
1. What do I hope to achieve? What do I intend to change for the
better?
2. Is doing this action research important to improve my practice?
3. Can I do this alone? Or should I collaborate?
PLAN
Plan An Action Research Strategy
1. What type of research will I use? Quantitative? Qualitative?
2. How will I describe my innovation Intervention? Strategy?
3. Is my plan doable within the given period of time?
ACT
Take Action
1. How do I put my plan into action? How long?
2 How will I gather data or information?
3. What sense or meaning do I get out of the data?
EVALUATE
Use Findings
1. Where do I apply results to improve practice?
2. Are my findings worth sharing?
MODIFY
Move To Another Cycle
1. Is there a need to modify intervention to get new results?
2. Should I move to another cycle of action research?
Nelson, O 2014 Model
OBSERVE
Identify The Problem
1. Based on observation and noticing, what problematic situation
prevails in the classroom or teaching learning environment?
2. Which of these problems shall I focus on?
3. What does literature say about this problem? On what theories or
principles I leaned before are the problems anchored?
REFLECT
Reflect (Reflection continues all through out the process.)
1. What do I hope to achieve? What do I intend to change for the
better?
2. Is doing this action research important to improve my practice?
3. Can I do this alone? Or should I collaborate?
PLAN
Plan An Action Research Strategy
1. What type of research will I use? Quantitative? Qualitative?
2. How will I describe my innovation Intervention? Strategy?
3. Is my plan doable within the given period of time?
ACT
Take Action
1. How do I put my plan into action? How long?
2. How will I gather data or information?
3. What sense or meaning do I get out of the data?
Department of Education (DO 16) 2017 Model
Action Research Key Components
I. CONTEXT AND RATIONALE
II. ACTION RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
Action Research Process
Identifying the Problem
1. Why am I doing this?
2. What is the background of my action research?
3. What problem/question am I trying to solve?
4. What do I hope to achieve?
Proposed Plan
1. What do I plan as a solution to the problem I
III. PROPOSED INNOVATION identified? (Describe.)
INTERVENTION AND STRATEGY 2. What innovation will I introduce to solve the
problem? (Describe.)
3. What strategy should I introduce? (Describe.)
IV. ACTION RESEARCH
METHODS
a. Participants and/or other Sources of
Data and Information
b. Data Gathering Methods
c. Data Analysis Plan.
Plan of Action Research
1. Who are to participate? (my students, peers,
myself)
2. What are my sources of information? (participants)
3. How shall I gather information?
4. How will I analyze my data/information?
V. ACTION RESEARCH WORK
PLAN AND TIMELINES
VI. COST ESTIMATES
Action Research Work Plan
1. What should my work plan contain? (targets,
activities, persons involved, timeline, cost)
2. How long will I conduct my intervention? (For
reliable results 8 to 12 weeks)
Action Research Cost-(Consider also the maximum
cost if externally funded like DepEd, LGUs NGO or
personal)
Sharing Results
1. How will I share the result of my action research?
VII. PLANS FOR DISSEMINATION
(Publish, Present, Flyers, LAC sessions)
AND UTILIZATION
2. Can I collaborate with other teachers to continue or
replicate my study?
VIII.REFERENCES
References
1. What reading materials and references are
included in my review of literature?
Both Action Research Processes above are supported by the two AR Models which will be
presented next.
Action research is a dynamic process anchored on Reflection ↔Action Cycle of Observing,
Reflecting, Acting, Evaluating and Modifying.
Figure 1. An Action-Reflection Cycle as Basis for Action Research
Source: McNiff and Whitehead, 2006
Action research is a cyclical, recursive process of observe >> reflect>> act>> evaluates>>
modify>> move in new direction is known as action-reflection (McNiff & Whitehead, 2006). In
2011, McNiff defined action research as a form of inquiry that enables practitioners to
investigate and evaluate their work. Before that, Corey in 1953 viewed action research as a
recursive de repeated process, proceeding through spiralling cycle of planning, actions,
reflections and change.
In a similar vein, Nelson, 2014 proposed an action research cycle that starts with Observe
followed by Reflect, Plan and Act which can also go through evaluation and modification. It also
follows a cyclical process.
Figure 2. The Action Research Cycle
Source: Nelson, O, 2014
Participate and Assist
You are now ready to participate and assist!
Understanding fully the concept and the process of Action Research will enable you to
learn and provide the needed assistance to your teacher mentor in doing Action Research.
Notice
What concepts have been emphasized in the task and infographics? Give at least four.
1. The models to be use
2. Classroom problems to be solve
3. Elements in the cycle
4. Procedures and steps
Since the 3 models are all for action research, what are the common elements of the three?
The common elements of three models are they have same cycle and elements like the
Mcniff and Whitehead models and Nelson Model. All have title and authors, observe, reflect,
plan and act. The said elements are similar to the DepEd model, but the latter are more
specific .
Analyze
Choose the AR sample Abstract that you submitted in Episode 2.
• Analyze the components vis-a-vis only one model out of the 3 presented.
If you choose to compare with Model A-McNiff & Whitehead, 2006, here are the components
Title and Author of the Action Research:
Key Components
Entry from you sample AR
OBSERVE
The Problem
REFLECT
How to explain research question, map out an
action plan, use appropriate methodologies
and generate evidence from the data to test
findings against the most stringent critiques.
Reflection
PLAN
Action research is a holistic practice made up
of numerous disciplines that all contribute to
one another, it’s critical to recognize the
holistic linkages and their potential for
producing new ones.
Plan of Action
ACT
It intended to lead a practitioner scholar
through all the stages of action research- from
planning an action research project,
conducting action research, and to using an
action research for evaluation.
Implementation
EVALUATE
The use of examples and case studies is
especially helpful in educating researchers
about all aspects associated with doing action
research.
Findings
MODIFY
The book, is not overburdened with
theoretical jargons. It follows an engaging
style using specific examples to highlight the
salient aspects of action research. The
narrative style addressing the researcher as
you creates a personable narrative for readers.
Recommendation
The need to deepen the technical knowledge
on action research must comprehended in the
context of its larger theoretical implications.
If you choose to compare with Model B-Nelson, O. 2014, here are the components
Title and Author of the Action Research:
Key Components
Entry from you sample AR
OBSERVE
The Problem
REFLECT
Reflection
PLAN
Plan of Action
ACT
Implementation
Or if you choose the DepEd Model, 2017, here are the components.
Title and Author: (the same as your entry in model A)
Key Components
Action Research Process
I.
Context and Rationale
Study Background.
II.
Action Research Question
AR Questions.
III.
Proposed Innovation, Intervention
Strategy
Describe Innovation/Intervention/Strategy.
IV.
Action Research Methods
a. Participants/ Other Sources of Data
b. Data Gathering Methods
c. Data Analysis Plan.
Describe Action Research Methods.
V.
Action Research Work Plan
Summarize Action Research Work Plan
VI.
Cost Estimate
Write cost estimate.
VII.
Plan for Dissemination and
Utilization
Describe how the results will be shared.
VIII. Reference
Write at least 3 reference.
What have you understood about the concept of Action Research and how will these be utilized
in your practice?
Action research is basically a cycle of action and research to improve performance. It helps build
a bridge between theory and practice. It is a systematic method through which a practitioner
conducts a study to evaluate a specific problem or to solve a problem.
Reflect
As a future teacher, is conducting and Action Research worth doing?
Yes, conducting an action research is a worth doing.
Why?
It will help enhance my reflective teaching process as I enhance awareness. It is important for
the teacher to have a good learning environment and most of all it will develop one’s
personal and professional capability.
How can AR be useful for every classroom teacher?
Action research creates opportunity for teachers to help students grasp abstract concepts. By
using the interaction an experimentation that action research technologies offer. Teacher can
enhance classroom experiences, teach new skills, inspire students mind, and get students
excited about exploring new academic interests.
Write Action Research Prompts
OBSERVE
Remembering my classroom observations in FS 1, I noticed that there are many questions that I
raised in my mind. These include:
a. What are the competencies that the teachers always use? It is effective even up to this day?
b. Why most of the students have poor performance of the student’s mathematics subject?
c. What are the strengths and weaknesses of that specific competency?
REFLECT
Thinking deeply about those problems, perhaps something must have been done to solve the
problem or answer the question, like:
a. Reflecting on what part of the subject that needs to focus more
b. What are the skills that need to work out?
c. What are the steps in determining the problems?
PLAN
Now, that I am in FS 2, I plan to make a plan for my solution to problem (choose from a, b,
c) because
I plan to make a solution for my problem B, because I remember when I was in high school, a lot
of students are saying that they hate to compute and solve math problem than any other subjects,
so it comes to my mind to do a research regarding that issue.
ACT
My action will come later, given enough time in FS 2 or during my Teaching Internship.
I am hoping that during my teaching internship, I will finish my Action research and provide
answer and solutions regarding to the problem.
Check for Mastery
Direction: Check from the choices, what answer/s respond to the question correctly and put an X
if otherwise
1. Action research requires a teacher to be:
 observant of what is happening in the classroom.
 asking one self of how to improve teaching.
X
following the daily routine all the time.
 finding ways on how children should learn better
X
blaming learners for their inability to learn.
2. There are many ways of doing action research which follow a cyclical process. The process
include:
 Observe, Reflect, Plan, Act
X
Observe, Plan, Act, Reflect
X
Reflect, Act, Plan, Observe
X
Plan, Observe, Act, Reflect
X
Modify, Observe, Plan, Reflect
3. As an action researcher. I will be developing my skill as a person who is
 Systematic
 Reflective
 Rigorous
 Futuristic
 Situational
4. On which of the following would you choose to conduct an Action Research. Why?
X
Changes in the classroom practices. Why?
X
Effects of curriculum restructuring. Why?
X
Understanding of self as a teacher. Why?
 Teaching a new process to the students. Why?
-
Because it is an integral part in teacher education, we need to apply or seek for new
theories or practices to our teaching.
5. Which of the following relates closely to what action research is?
 Used to address practical problems in the classroom
 Refers only to everyday life of the learners
 Allows teachers to study their own classroom
 Brings theories and practices together
Work on my Artifacts
Your artifact will be a full blown complete Action Research.
FIELD STUDY 2
LEARNING EPISODE 4 (MATCHING
PROBLEMATIC LEARNING SITUATIONS
WITH PROBABLE ACTIONS AS SOLUTION)
What five problems have you identified from the words that you have encircled? Make a
statement. Write in the space below.
The problems I identified are:
1. Absenteeism
it is one of the factors that causes low level of understanding of students.
2. Wi-fi
We are experiencing online class and the problem of some students is limited internet
3. Motivation
When your students are struggling, a teacher encourage them.
4. Bullying
is one of the problems in school that causes some students who got bullied to lose their
confidence.
5. Modules
Since we are under pandemic most of the schools were doing modular to continue students
learning.
How can you assist your mentor, after knowing that the learners have difficulty in reading?
I can assist my mentor by observing and conducting some test and surveys to address
the problem and to know how many and who among the students who lacks
comprehension needs assistance.
MAKE A CHOICE FOR YOUR ACTION.
A. Conduct a remedial lesson.
B. Show video lessons to help enhance reading skills.
C. Make a learning task to develop reading skills.
Suppose you chose letter A. Conduct a remedial lesson. So you have identified the SOLUTION
that matches the PROBLEM which is difficulty in reading.
The problem is:
The action is:
Reading Difficulty
in English
Conduct a
Remedial Session
Can you also choose letter B. Show video lesson as a SOLUTION for the same
PROBLEM? ___________
Explain
I can also give them another option which is providing videos regarding tips and
techniques about reading with understanding.
The problem is:
The action is:
Show Video
Lesson
Reading Difficulty
in English
What about letter C as a SOLUTION to the same PROBLEM? Yes Why?
To help struggling students make the critical reading gains they need, consider
incorporating this tips in my everyday instructional plans.
The problem is:
The action is:
Reading Difficulty
in English
Make a Learning Task to
develop Reading Skills
What have you noticed of the problem identified above?
I noticed that there is more than one solution to the problem and yes, there are a lot of
solutions on how to address the problem which is difficulty in comprehension. I think
that, every teacher should not only focus on one solution but rather look for a solution
that is more effective to the learning of every student.
Can there be more than one solution to the problem? Yes Explain
A creative and innovative teacher can find one or more than one solution or answer to the
same problem. Each solution matches with the problem. The more solutions identified to
choose from, the better for an action researcher.
ANALYZE
Let us try to look into the following scenarios in the daily life of a teacher. This scenario might
also be similar to the class you have observed and noticed.
Scenario A:
Miss Fely is a grade four teacher in a typical elementary school. She has forty learners in her class.
One half of them cannot classify animals into vertebrates and invertebrates. She has been repeating
the same science lesson for two weeks, yet no progress was observed. This situation has been
bothering Miss Fely.
Can you identify Miss Fely’s problem?
The problem is one half of the students cannot classify animals into
vertebrates and invertebrates and she has been repeating the same science
lesson for two weeks, yet no progress was observed.
Can you find a solution to solve her
problem?
Yes I can find a solution to her
problem.
Give your two suggestions.
Try other teaching format like build in time to walk around and let the students
to observe.
Avoid yes or no questions; let your students to reflect and to think more.
What solution can solve Miss Fely’s problem?
I think the two suggested solution are effective.
How?
Give chances to all the students to observe. Through that you are giving chances
to all the students who cannot figure out your topic.
Are they matched with the problem?
Yes, the solution are matched with the problem.
Scenario B:
Sir Ryan teaches in a disadvantaged urban community. Most of his learners come from families
that are disrupted, either with single parents or with their guardians who stand only as parents.
They are deprived of the necessary food, clothing and shelter.
Can you identify the most probable teaching-learning problem/s in the class of
Sir Ryan?
Poor performance of the students because of financial problem.
It is hard for the students to focus in the class because of problems at
home.
Can you propose a solution to solve one of the problems that you have
REFLECT
After reading the two scenarios given above, how would identifying problematic situations and
finding solution to these problems help you become a better teacher?
Explain:
Part of the teacher’s job is to find out each student’s background, their needs and things
they think will affect their development. To evaluate students level of knowledge, teacher
should conduct pre and post test.
WRITE ACTION RESEARCH PROMPTS
Using any one example of problems in this activity, answer the AR prompts that follow:
OBSERVE
What problematic situation prevails in the classroom?
It is hard for the students to focus on their studies because of financial problems and it
affects their learnings.
REFLECT
What changes do you want to achieve?
I want my class to be more productive and eager to learn more and explore learnings.
PLAN
What strategies will you use to improve the situation?
The strategies that will improve the situation is to create some activities that the students
can also learn, reflect and explore in a way that they need to be creative but do not need
expensive materials.
ACT
What would be the title of your Action Research should you conduct the study?
Factors That Affect Students Academi Performance
Add: Solutions / actions
Set PTA meeting and discuss the problems, ask their opinions and suggestions.
Check For Mastery
Here are some problematic situations in the teaching – learning environment as observed and
experience by teachers. Match the problems listed in column A with corresponding probable
solutions in column B. You may use the letter once, more than or not at all.
Problematic Solutions
F 1. Connectivity for online learning
A 2. Descriptive Classroom behavior
D 3. Poor interest and motivation
C 4. Parental non-involvement
G 5. At risk-students
Probable Solutions/Actions
A. Rearrange classroom setting
B. Maximize use of varied in structural
materials
C. Regular parental- teachers circles
D. Use of Rewards
E. Group studies and study buddies
F. Use of Flexible learning
G. Silent Reading Exercises
WORK ON MY ARTIFACTS
Your artifact will be an Abstract of a completed Action Research.
I. Title of Action Research
Improving Reading Comprehension Through Higher Order Thinki
II. Author/s
III. Abstract
IV. Identify the Problem in the Study
V. Identify the Action Taken in the Study
EVALUATE Performance Task
Evaluate Your Work Task Field Study 2 Learning Episode 4-Matching Problematic Learning
Situations and Probable Action as Solution!
Name of FS Student:_________________________Date Submitted:___________
Year &Section:_____________________________Course:_________________
Learning
Episode
Excellent
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Needs Improvement
4
3
2
1
Accomplished
Observation
Sheet
All
observation
questions/task
s
completely
answered/
accomplished
One (1) to two. (2)
observation
questions/ tasks not
answered
/
accomplished.
Three (3) observation
questions/task s not
answered
/
accomplished.
Four
(4)
or
more
observation
questions!
tasks not answered I
accomplished.
Analysis
All questions were
answered
completely; answers
are with depth and
are
thoroughly
grounded on theories;
grammar and spelling
are free from erro
All questions were
answered completely;
answers are clearly
connected to theories;
grammar and spelling
are free from errors
Questions were not
answered completely;
answers
are
not
clearly connected to
theories; one (1) to
three (3) grammatical
I spelling errors.
Four
(4)
or
more
observation
questions
were
not
answered;
answers not connected to
theories; more than four
(4) grammatical/ spelling
errors.
Reflection
Profound and clear;
supported by what
were observed and
analyzed
Clear but lacks depth;
supported by what
were observed and
analyzed
Not so clear and
shallow;
somewhat
supported by what
were observed and
analyzed
Unclear and shallow;
rarely supported by what
were
observed
and
analyzed
Learning
Artifacts
Portfolio is reflected
on in the context of
the
learning
outcomes; Complete,
well
organized,
highly relevant to the
learning outcome
Portfolio is reflected
on in the context of
the
learning
outcomes. Complete;
well organized, very
relevant
to
the
learning outcome
Portfolio
is
not
reflected on in the
context of the learning
outcomes. Complete;
not
organized.
relevant
to
the
learning outcome
Portfolio is not reflected
on in the context of the
learning outcomes; not
complete; not organized,
not relevant
Submission
Submitted before the
deadline
Submitted
deadline
Submitted a day after
the deadline
Submitted two (2) days or
more after the deadline
COMMENT/S
on
the
Overall Score
Rating
(Based on Transmutation)
TRANSMUTATION OF SCORE TO GRADE/RATING
Score
20
19-18
17
16
15
14
13-12
11
10
9-8
7-below
Grade
1.0
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.0
3/5
5.0
99
96
93
90
87
84
81
78
75
72
71-below
________________________________
________________
Signature of FS Teacher above Printed Name
Date