Atmospheric Sciences
It is an umbrella term for the study of the atmosphere, its
processes, effects, and other systems (such as the
oceans), on the atmosphere and the effects of the
atmosphere on these other systems.
Major Subdivisions Of Atmospheric Science
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Atmospheric Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry
Atmospheric Dynamics
Climatology
Meteorology and Forecasting
Extraterrestrial Planetary Atmospheric Science
Atmospheric physics is the application
of
physics to the study of the
atmosphere.
Atmospheric physicists attempt to
model Earth's atmosphere and the
atmospheres of the other planets
using fluid flow equations, chemical
models, radiation balancing, and
energy transfer processes in the
atmosphere as well as how these tie
into other systems such as the
oceans.
Atmospheric
Physics
Atmospheric chemistry is the
study of the components of
planetary atmospheres,
particularly that of the Earth.
It specifically looks at the
composition of planetary
atmospheres and the reactions
and interactions that drive
these dynamic and diverse
systems.
Atmospheric
Chemistry
Atmospheric dynamics involves
observational and theoretical
analysis of all motion systems of
meteorological significance
including such diverse
phenomena as standard storms,
tornadoes, gravity waves, tropical
hurricanes, extratropical cyclones,
jet streams, and global-scale
circulations.
Atmospheric
Dynamics
Climatology is the study of
the atmosphere and weather patterns over
time. This field of science focuses on recording
and analyzing weather patterns throughout
the world and understanding the atmospheric
conditions that cause them. It is sometimes
confused with meteorology, which is the
study of weather and weather forecasting.
However, climatology is mainly focused on the
natural and artificial forces that influence
long-term weather patterns. Scientists who
specialize in this field are called climatologists.
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/climatology
Climatology
Meteorology is the study of the
atmosphere, atmospheric phenomena,
and atmospheric effects on our weather.
Meteorology includes atmospheric
chemistry and atmospheric physics, with
a major focus on weather forecasting. It is
the study of the state and processes of
the atmosphere, such as weather and
climate and how changes in temperature,
pressure, humidity and wind speed and
direction take place.
Meteorology
and
Forecasting
Extraterrestrial planetary atmospheric
science is the study of the
atmospheric processes of other
planets.
Extraterrestrial
Planetary
Atmospheric
Science
METEOROLOGY
Meteorology is the science dealing with
the atmosphere and its phenomena,
including both weather and climate.
●It is the study of the state and processes
of the atmosphere, such as weather and
climate and how changes in temperature,
pressure, humidity and wind speed and
direction take place.
●
Look up at the sky. Is it raining or sunny?
Are there big, puffy clouds that look like
marshmallows, or dark, angry clouds
threatening sleet? No matter how the
sky appears, you are looking at Earth’s
lower atmosphere, the realm that is
studied by the science of meteorology.
Meteorology concerns itself with the
science of atmospheric properties and
phenomena—science that includes the
atmosphere’s physics and chemistry.
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/meteorology
Meteorologists are often thought of as people
who forecast the weather. And some
meteorologists certainly do that! Predicting
the weather is a complicated process, which
requires both sophisticated new tools and
some old-fashioned techniques.
Meteorologists are observers and researchers.
They note the physical conditions of the
atmosphere above them, and they study
maps, satellite data, and radar information.
They also compare various kinds
of weather data from local, regional, and
global sources.
Beyond weather forecasting, meteorology is
concerned with long-term trends
in climate and weather, and their potential
impact on human populations. An important
area of meteorological research these days
is climate change and the effects it may
cause.
Many people wonder why the study of
the atmosphere is called meteorology.
The name comes from the ancient
Greeks. In about 340 B.C.E., the Greek
philosopher Aristotle wrote a book
called Meteorologica, which contained all
that was known at the time about
weather and climate. Aristotle got the
title of his book from the Greek
word “meteoron,” which meant “a thing
high up” and referred to anything
observed in the atmosphere. That term
stuck through the centuries, so experts
on the atmosphere became known as
meteorologists.
Weather
Weather is the condition of the Atmosphere
at a particular place over a short period
of time.
Weather can be can be described in terms
of temperature, precipitation (snow, rain
and hail) wind speed and direction
disability and cloud amounts.
Climate
Climate refers to the weather pattern of
a place over a long period, maybe
30 years or more long enough to
yield meaningful averages.
IMPORTANCE OF METEOROLOGY
Safe Navigation
The knowledge of adverse weather for
example large tidal waves ocean
waves , high speed wind , cyclonic
storms etcetera is needed.
Industries
many industries for their raw material
depend on agricultural produce and
accordingly location of industry is
decided , so it is necessary to
consider the weather and climate or
example sugar mill, distillery, etc.
Safe Aviation
For transport through air , the pilots
need information about atmospheric
conditions Such as the electric
lightning, High speed wind and their
directions , thunderstorms foggy
atmosphere, etc.
Animal Production
beef , poultry and milk production
also depend on weather and
meteorology provides the information
for successful animal production and
animal husbandry.
IMPORTANCE OF METEOROLOGY
• Fisheries
Land Use Planning
• Fisherman need information and
atmospheric and oceanic
changes before they proceed on
sea
The meteorological data supplemented
with soil and topographic information
help to plan the sites for the specific
land use for drop production, forests,
urban residence , industry etc.
• Irrigation and Resources
Human Health
• Meteorological and hydrological
information assists in planning
the location, size and storage
capacities of dams to ensure
water supply for irrigation and
domestic needs
If any sudden change in the
climatic conditions is experienced
it results into epidemics of material
fever, asthma patient suffers more
during cloudy conditions.
Atmospheric
Changes
Global Problem
• Global Warming
●
A warming atmosphere
affects more than just
air temperatures: while
heat waves and
droughts are becoming
more common and
intense, rainstorms are
also becoming more
powerful, sometimes
provoking dangerous
floods.
Wild Weather
●
The atmosphere is
warming. We're
starting to feel the
effects.
Actions You Can
Take to Reduce Air
Pollution
• Follow these Tips Every
Day to Reduce Pollution!
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Conserve energy - at home, at work, everywhere.
Look for the ENERGY STAR label when buying home or
office equipment.
Carpool, use public transportation, bike, or walk whenever
possible.
Follow gasoline refueling instructions for efficient vapor
recovery, being careful not to spill fuel and always
tightening your gas cap securely.
Consider purchasing portable gasoline containers labeled
“spill-proof,” where available.
Keep car, boat, and other engines properly tuned.
Be sure your tires are properly inflated.
Use environmentally safe paints and cleaning products
whenever possible.
Mulch or compost leaves and yard waste.
Consider using gas logs instead of wood.
On Days when High Ozone Levels are Expected, Take these Extra Steps to Reduce Pollution:
1.
Choose a cleaner commute - share a ride to work or use public
transportation.
2.
Combine errands and reduce trips. Walk
• to errands when possible.
3.
Avoid excessive idling of your automobile.
4.
Refuel your car in the evening when its
• cooler.
5. Conserve electricity and set air conditioners no lower than 78
degrees.
6.
Defer lawn and gardening chores that use gasoline-powered
On Days when High Particle Levels are Expected,
Take these Extra Steps to Reduce Pollution:
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Reduce the number of trips you
take in your car.
Reduce or eliminate fireplace and
wood stove use.
Avoid burning leaves, trash, and
other materials.
Avoid using gas-powered lawn
and garden equipment.
https://www3.epa.gov/region1/airquality/reducepollution.html