Matriculation number: U2017/4725101
PCH 323.1 (ANALYSIS)
Here are five pharmaceutical applications of iodimetry:
Determination of Peroxide Value in Oils and Fats: Iodimetry is used to measure the peroxide
value, which indicates the level of oxidation and rancidity in oils and fats used in pharmaceutical
formulations.
Analysis of Iodine Content in Pharmaceuticals: Iodimetry is employed to determine the
iodine content in pharmaceutical preparations such as iodine-based antiseptics, contrast agents,
and iodine-containing supplements.
Assay of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs): Iodimetry can be used for the
quantitative determination of specific active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations,
providing a means of assessing their potency and quality.
Testing Antioxidant Activity: Iodimetry can be employed to evaluate the antioxidant activity
of pharmaceutical compounds and formulations, helping to assess their ability to neutralize free
radicals and prevent oxidative damage.
Analysis of Redox Reactions: Iodimetry is utilized in studying and analyzing various redox
reactions in pharmaceutical chemistry, allowing for the characterization and quantification of
oxidizing and reducing agents.
Also finds its use in Analysis of: Analgin,Acetarsol,Cognate Assays,Benzylpenicillin,Sodium
and Metabisulphite.
PCH 321.1 (SYNTHESIS)
PHAMACEUTICAL IMPORTANCE OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND
Generally, Heterocyclic compounds are pharmaceuticaly important in
Wide range of biological activities: Heterocyclic compounds exhibit a broad spectrum of
biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral,
antihypertensive, analgesic, and many other
Drug target specificity: Many heterocyclic compounds have high selectivity and affinity for
specific drug targets. By designing and modifying the structure of these compounds, researchers
can tailor their properties to interact with specific biological targets, increasing the potential for
developing highly effective and targeted drugs. Pharmacokinetic properties: Heterocyclic
compounds often possess favorable pharmacokinetic properties, such as metabolic stability, oral
bioavailability, and good tissue penetration. These properties are crucial for a drug's ability to
reach its target site and exert its desired therapeutic effects. Synthetic accessibility: Heterocyclic
compounds can often be synthesized using well-established synthetic methodologies. This allows
for the efficient production of these compounds and provides a wide range of options for
structural modifications, optimization of drug-like properties, and the synthesis of libraries for
drug discovery and development. Structural diversity: Heterocyclic compounds offer a vast
structural diversity, allowing researchers to explore a wide range of chemical space. This
diversity enables the discovery of novel chemical entities with unique biological activities and
provides opportunities for the development of new classes of drugs.
Many successful drugs on the market contain heterocyclic structures. For instance, antibiotics
like penicillin and cephalosporins, antimalarial drugs like chloroquine and artemisinin, and
anticancer drugs like paclitaxel and imatinib all contain heterocyclic motifs. This highlights the
pharmaceutical importance and efficacy of heterocyclic compounds.The uses of heterocyclic
compounds can be based on the classes of the heterocyclic compound. The best known of the
simple heterocyclic compounds are pyridine, pyrrole, furan, and thiophene. PYRIDINE:
Pyridine-containing compounds have been used in medicinal chemistry for antimicrobial,
antitubercular, anticancer, antiviral, antimalarial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, analgesic, antiinflammatory, anti-infection, and anti-infection applications due to their water solubility,
stability, basicity. PYRROLE: pyrrole derivatives can be used pharmaceuticaly as ;(i)
Antipsychotic Drugs: Certain pyrrole derivatives, such as Aripiprazole, are used as atypical
antipsychotic medications for the treatment of conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar
THIOPHENE: disorder.Other unique pharmaceutical uses may include;(Ii) anti cancer and(III)
anti hypertensive (iv) antipsychotic etc. FURAN: their derivatives have been found useful in
pharmacy as the above mentioned uses as in pyrrole and pyridine. Thiophene and its derivatives
are useful in (i)Polymer synthesis: Thiophene serves as a key building block in the synthesis of
conducting polymers, specifically polythiophenes. These polymers have excellent electrical
conductivity and can be used in applications such as organic transistors, sensors, and
electrochromic devices.(ii)Solvent extraction: Thiophene derivatives are utilized as selective
solvents or extractants in various industrial processes. They can be employed in the extraction of
valuable metals, such as copper or nickel, from ores or waste streams, allowing for efficient
metal recovery. (iii)Flavor And Fragrance Industry: Certain thiophene derivatives possess
distinct aromatic characteristics and are used as ingredients in the flavor and fragrance industry.