449 420 390 368 344 381 345 313 289 271 253 238 223 201 359 329 299 226 210 193 176 314 284 257 220 196 185 173 161 147 W920 449 420 390 368 344 381 345 313 289 271 253 238 223 201 W840 359 329 299 226 210 193 176 W760 314 284 257 220 196 185 173 161 147 Designation Mass (kg/m) 40 100 36 300 32 900 28 100 25 100 23 500 22 100 20 500 18 800 45 800 42 100 38 200 28 900 26 800 24 700 22 400 57 300 53 500 49 700 46 800 43 900 48 600 43 900 39 900 36 800 34 600 32 300 30 300 28 500 25 600 Area (mm 2 ) 785 780 772 780 770 767 762 757 754 869 861 856 851 846 841 836 947 942 937 932 927 951 943 932 927 922 919 914 912 904 Depth (mm) 384 381 381 267 267 267 267 267 267 404 401 399 295 292 292 292 424 422 422 419 419 310 307 310 307 307 305 305 305 305 Width (mm) 33.5 30.2 27.2 30.0 25.4 23.6 21.6 19.3 17.0 35.6 32.5 29.2 26.9 24.4 21.7 18.8 42.7 39.9 36.6 34.3 32.0 43.9 39.9 34.5 32.0 30.0 27.9 25.9 23.9 20.1 Thickness (mm) 19.7 18.0 16.6 16.5 15.6 14.9 14.4 13.8 13.2 21.1 19.7 18.2 16.1 15.4 14.7 14.0 24.0 22.5 21.3 20.3 19.3 24.4 22.1 21.1 19.4 18.4 17.3 16.5 15.9 15.2 Web thickness (mm) 4 290 3 830 3 430 2 780 2 400 2 230 2 050 1 860 1 660 5 910 5 370 4 830 3 400 3 100 2 790 2 460 8 780 8 160 7 450 6 950 6 490 6 990 6 240 5 490 5 040 4 700 4 370 4 060 3 760 3 250 I (10 mm 4 ) 6 10 900 9 830 8 870 7 140 6 230 5 820 5 360 4 900 4 410 13 600 12 400 11 200 7 980 7 340 6 650 5 880 18 500 17 200 15 900 15 000 14 000 14 700 13 300 11 800 10 900 10 200 9 520 8 880 8 260 7 190 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis X-X 328 325 323 315 310 307 305 302 297 358 358 356 343 340 335 330 391 391 389 386 384 378 376 371 371 368 368 366 363 356 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) Properties of Wide-Flange Sections (W-Shapes): SI Units Flange TABLE B-2 315 280 249 94.5 81.6 75.3 68.3 60.8 53.3 388 350 312 114 102 90.7 77.8 541 499 454 420 391 220 195 171 156 144 133 123 112 93.7 I (10 mm 4 ) 6 1 640 1 470 1 310 710 610 564 513 457 401 1 930 1 740 1 560 773 700 621 534 2 560 2 360 2 160 2 020 1 870 1 420 1 270 1 110 1 010 944 872 805 739 618 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis Y-Y 88.6 87.9 86.9 57.9 57.2 56.6 55.6 54.6 53.3 91.9 91.2 90.4 62.7 61.7 60.7 58.9 97.0 96.5 95.5 95.0 94.2 67.3 66.5 65.5 65.0 64.8 64.3 63.5 62.7 60.5 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 512 APPENDIX B Tables E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 265 240 217 192 170 152 140 125 241 217 195 174 155 153 140 125 113 101 92.0 82.0 219 196 182 165 150 138 123 109 101 92.0 82.0 72.0 85.0 74.0 66.0 W690 265 240 217 192 170 152 140 125 W610 241 217 195 174 155 153 140 125 113 101 92 82 W530 219 196 182 165 150 138 123 109 101 92 82 72 85 74 66 27 900 25 000 23 200 21 100 19 200 17 600 15 700 13 900 12 900 11 800 10 500 9 100 10 800 9 480 8 390 30 800 27 700 24 800 22 200 19 700 19 500 17 900 15 900 14 500 13 000 11 700 10 500 33 900 30 700 27 800 24 400 21 600 19 400 17 900 16 000 561 554 551 546 544 549 544 538 536 533 528 523 536 528 526 635 627 622 617 612 622 617 612 607 602 602 599 706 701 696 701 693 688 683 678 318 315 315 312 312 214 212 211 210 209 209 207 167 166 165 330 328 328 325 325 229 230 229 228 228 179 178 358 356 356 254 257 254 254 254 29.2 26.4 24.4 22.2 20.3 23.6 21.2 18.8 17.4 15.6 13.3 10.9 16.5 13.6 11.4 31.0 27.7 24.4 21.6 19.1 24.9 22.2 19.6 17.3 14.9 15.0 12.8 30.2 27.4 24.8 27.9 23.6 21.1 18.9 16.3 18.3 16.5 15.2 14.0 12.7 14.7 13.1 11.6 10.9 10.2 9.53 8.89 10.3 9.65 8.89 17.9 16.5 15.4 14.0 12.7 14.0 13.1 11.9 11.2 10.5 10.9 10.0 18.4 16.8 15.4 15.5 14.5 13.1 12.4 11.7 1 510 1 340 1 230 1 110 1 010 862 762 666 616 554 475 399 487 410 351 2 150 1 910 1 670 1 470 1 290 1 250 1 120 986 874 762 645 562 2 920 2 630 2 360 1 980 1 700 1 510 1 360 1 190 5 390 4 830 4 470 4 080 3 720 3 150 2 800 2 470 2 290 2 080 1 800 1 520 1 820 1 550 1 340 6 780 6 080 5 390 4 770 4 230 4 010 3 640 3 210 2 880 2 520 2 150 1 870 8 280 7 510 6 780 5 650 4 900 4 380 3 980 3 490 233 232 231 230 229 221 220 219 218 217 213 209 212 208 205 264 262 259 257 257 254 251 249 246 243 234 231 295 292 292 284 279 279 277 272 157 139 127 114 103 38.7 33.9 29.4 26.9 23.9 20.1 16.1 12.7 10.4 8.62 184 163 142 124 108 49.5 45.4 39.3 34.3 29.3 14.4 12.1 231 207 184 76.6 66.2 57.9 51.6 44.1 985 877 806 729 660 362 320 279 257 229 193 156 153 125 104 1 120 991 869 762 667 434 393 342 302 257 161 136 1 290 1 160 1 040 603 516 456 406 347 (continues) 74.9 74.4 74.2 73.7 73.4 46.7 46.5 46.0 45.7 45.0 43.9 42.2 34.3 33.0 32.0 77.5 76.5 75.4 74.7 73.9 50.5 50.3 49.5 48.8 47.5 35.1 34.0 82.6 82.0 81.3 56.1 55.4 54.6 53.8 52.6 B-2 Tables 513 E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 1 090 990 900 818 744 677 634 592 551 509 463 421 382 347 314 287 149 132 114 100 85.0 75.0 67.0 60.0 53.0 46.1 38.8 W410 149 132 114 100 85 75 67 60 53 46:1 38:8 W360 1086 990 900 818 744 677 634 592 551 509 463 421 382 347 314 287 177 158 144 128 113 106 97.0 89.0 82.0 74.0 68.0 60.0 52.0 W460 177 158 144 128 113 106 97 89 82 74 68 60 52 Designation Mass (kg/m) 139 000 126 000 115 000 105 000 94 800 86 500 80 600 75 500 70 300 65 200 59 000 53 700 48 800 44 200 40 000 36 600 19 000 16 900 14 600 12 700 10 800 9 480 8 580 7 610 6 840 5 890 4 950 22 600 20 100 18 400 16 300 14 400 13 400 12 300 11 400 10 500 9 480 8 710 7 610 6 650 Area (mm 2 ) 569 549 531 513 498 483 475 465 455 445 434 424 417 406 399 394 432 427 419 414 417 414 409 406 404 404 399 483 475 472 467 462 470 467 462 460 457 460 455 450 Depth (mm) 455 450 442 437 432 427 424 422 419 417 411 409 406 404 401 399 264 264 262 259 181 180 179 178 178 140 140 287 284 282 282 279 194 193 192 191 191 154 153 152 125 115 106 97.0 88.9 81.5 77.2 72.4 67.6 62.7 57.4 52.6 48.0 43.7 39.6 36.6 25.0 22.2 19.3 16.9 18.2 16.0 14.4 12.8 10.9 11.2 8.76 26.9 23.9 22.1 19.6 17.3 20.6 19.1 17.7 16.0 14.5 15.4 13.3 10.8 Thickness (mm) Flange 78.0 71.9 66.0 60.5 55.6 51.3 47.8 45.0 42.2 39.1 35.8 32.8 30.0 27.2 24.9 22.6 14.9 13.3 11.6 10.0 10.9 9.65 8.76 7.75 7.49 6.99 6.35 16.6 15.0 13.6 12.2 10.8 12.6 11.4 10.5 9.91 9.02 9.14 8.00 7.62 Web thickness (mm) 5 950 5 160 4 500 3 930 3 420 2 990 2 750 2 500 2 260 2 040 1 800 1 600 1 420 1 250 1 110 999 620 541 462 397 316 274 244 216 186 156 125 912 795 728 637 554 487 445 410 370 333 296 255 212 I (10 mm 4 ) 6 21 000 18 800 17 000 15 300 13 700 12 400 11 600 10 700 9 950 9 140 8 290 7 520 6 800 6 150 5 540 5 080 2 870 2 540 2 200 1 920 1 510 1 330 1 190 1 060 926 773 629 3 790 3 340 3 080 2 720 2 390 2 080 1 920 1 770 1 610 1 460 1 290 1 120 944 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis X-X 208 203 198 194 190 186 184 182 180 177 175 172 170 168 166 165 180 179 178 177 171 170 169 168 165 163 159 201 199 199 197 196 191 190 190 188 187 184 183 179 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) Properties of Wide-Flange Sections (W-Shapes): SI Units (continued) Width (mm) TABLE B-2 1 960 1 740 1 530 1 350 1 200 1 070 982 903 828 753 670 599 537 479 429 388 77.4 67.8 57.4 49.5 17.9 15.5 13.7 12.0 10.2 5.16 3.99 105 91.6 83.7 72.8 63.3 25.1 22.8 20.9 18.7 16.7 9.37 7.95 6.37 I (10 mm 4 ) 6 8 640 7 730 6 930 6 190 5 560 4 980 4 640 4 290 3 950 3 620 3 260 2 930 2 640 2 380 2 130 1 950 585 515 441 380 198 172 153 135 115 73.6 57.2 736 646 592 518 452 259 236 218 195 175 122 104 83.9 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis Y-Y 119 117 116 114 113 111 110 109 108 108 107 106 105 104 103 103 63.8 63.2 62.7 62.5 40.6 40.4 39.9 39.9 38.6 29.7 28.4 68.3 67.6 67.3 66.8 66.3 43.2 42.9 42.7 42.4 41.9 32.8 32.3 31.0 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 514 APPENDIX B Tables E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 262 237 216 196 179 162 147 134 122 110 101 91.0 79.0 72.0 64.0 57.8 51.0 44.0 39.0 32.9 500 454 415 375 342 313 283 253 226 202 179 158 143 129 117 107 97.0 86.0 79.0 74.0 67.0 W360 262 237 216 196 179 162 147 134 122 110 101 91 79 72 64 57:8 51 44 39 32:9 W310 500 454 415 375 342 313 283 253 226 202 179 158 143 129 117 107 97 86 79 74 67 63 700 57 800 52 800 47 700 43 700 39 900 36 000 32 300 28 800 25 700 22 800 20 100 18 200 16 500 15 000 13 600 12 300 11 000 10 100 9 420 8 450 33 400 30 100 27 500 25 000 22 800 20 600 18 800 17 100 15 500 14 100 12 900 11 500 10 100 9 100 8 130 7 230 6 450 5 710 4 960 4 190 427 414 404 391 384 373 366 356 348 340 333 328 323 318 315 312 307 310 307 310 307 386 381 376 373 368 363 361 356 363 361 356 353 353 351 348 358 356 351 353 348 340 335 333 330 328 325 323 320 318 315 312 310 310 307 307 305 305 254 254 205 204 399 396 394 373 373 371 371 368 257 257 254 254 205 204 203 172 171 171 128 127 75.2 68.8 62.7 57.2 52.6 48.3 44.2 39.6 35.6 31.8 28.2 25.1 22.9 20.6 18.7 17.0 15.4 16.3 14.6 16.3 14.6 33.3 30.2 27.7 26.2 23.9 21.8 19.8 18.0 21.7 19.9 18.3 16.4 16.8 15.1 13.5 13.1 11.6 9.78 10.7 8.51 45.2 41.4 38.9 35.6 32.8 30.0 26.9 24.4 22.1 20.1 18.0 15.5 14.0 13.1 11.9 10.9 9.91 9.14 8.76 9.40 8.51 21.1 18.9 17.3 16.4 15.0 13.3 12.3 11.2 13.0 11.4 10.5 9.53 9.40 8.64 7.75 7.87 7.24 6.86 6.48 5.84 1 690 1 480 1 290 1 130 1 010 891 787 687 595 516 445 388 347 308 276 248 222 198 177 163 145 891 791 712 637 574 516 462 416 367 331 301 266 225 201 178 160 142 121 102 82.8 7 910 7 130 6 440 5 780 5 260 4 790 4 310 3 850 3 420 3 050 2 670 2 380 2 150 1 930 1 750 1 600 1 440 1 280 1 160 1 050 946 4 600 4 160 3 800 3 420 3 110 2 830 2 570 2 340 2 020 1 840 1 690 1 510 1 270 1 150 1 030 895 796 688 578 475 163 160 156 154 152 150 148 146 144 142 140 139 138 137 136 135 134 134 133 132 131 163 162 161 160 158 158 157 156 154 153 153 152 150 149 148 149 148 146 144 141 495 437 390 345 309 276 245 215 189 166 144 125 112 100 89.9 81.2 72.4 44.5 39.9 23.4 20.8 349 311 282 228 206 186 167 151 61.6 55.8 50.4 44.5 24.0 21.4 18.8 11.1 9.70 8.16 3.71 2.91 2 900 2 610 2 340 2 080 1 880 1 700 1 520 1 350 1 190 1 050 918 808 728 651 587 531 477 351 315 228 203 1 750 1 580 1 430 1 220 1 110 1 000 905 818 480 436 397 352 234 210 185 129 113 95.4 58.2 45.9 (continues) 88.1 86.9 85.9 84.8 84.1 83.3 82.6 81.8 81.0 80.3 79.5 79.0 78.5 78.0 77.5 77.2 76.7 63.8 63.0 49.8 49.5 102 102 101 95.5 95.0 94.7 94.2 94.0 63.0 63.0 62.5 62.2 48.8 48.5 48.0 39.4 38.9 37.8 27.4 26.4 B-2 Tables 515 E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 60.0 52.0 44.5 38.7 32.7 28.3 23.8 21.0 167 149 131 115 101 89.0 80.0 73.0 67.0 58.0 49.1 44.8 38.5 32.7 28.4 25.3 22.3 17.9 100 86.0 71.0 59.0 52.0 46.1 41.7 35.9 31.3 26.6 22.5 19.3 15.0 W310 60 52 44:5 38:7 32:7 28:3 23:8 21 W250 167 149 131 115 101 89 80 73 67 58 49:1 44:8 38:5 32:7 28:4 25:3 22:3 17:9 W200 100 86 71 59 52 46:1 41:7 35:9 31:3 26:6 22:5 19:3 15 Designation Mass (kg/m) 12 700 11 000 9 100 7 550 6 650 5 880 5 320 4 570 3 970 3 390 2 860 2 480 1 910 21 200 19 000 16 700 14 600 12 900 11 400 10 200 9 290 8 580 7 420 6 260 5 700 4 910 4 190 3 630 3 220 2 850 2 280 7 550 6 650 5 670 4 940 4 180 3 590 3 040 2 680 Area (mm 2 ) 229 222 216 210 206 203 205 201 210 207 206 203 200 290 282 274 269 264 259 257 254 257 252 247 267 262 259 259 257 254 251 302 318 312 310 312 310 305 302 Depth (mm) 210 209 206 205 204 203 166 165 134 133 102 102 100 264 262 262 259 257 257 254 254 204 203 202 148 147 146 102 102 102 101 203 167 166 165 102 102 101 101 23.7 20.6 17.4 14.2 12.6 11.0 11.8 10.2 10.2 8.38 8.00 6.48 5.21 31.8 28.4 25.1 22.1 19.6 17.3 15.6 14.2 15.7 13.5 11.0 13.0 11.2 9.14 10.0 8.38 6.86 5.33 13.1 13.2 11.2 9.65 10.8 8.89 6.73 5.72 Thickness (mm) Flange 14.5 13.0 10.2 9.14 7.87 7.24 7.24 6.22 6.35 5.84 6.22 5.84 4.32 19.2 17.3 15.4 13.5 11.9 10.7 9.40 8.64 8.89 8.00 7.37 7.62 6.60 6.10 6.35 6.10 5.84 4.83 7.49 7.62 6.60 5.84 6.60 5.97 5.59 5.08 Web thickness (mm) 113 94.9 76.6 60.8 52.9 45.8 40.8 34.4 31.3 25.8 20.0 16.5 12.8 298 259 222 189 164 142 126 113 103 87.0 71.2 70.8 59.9 49.1 40.1 34.1 28.7 22.4 128 119 99.1 84.9 64.9 54.1 42.9 36.9 I (10 mm 4 ) 6 990 852 708 582 511 451 398 342 298 249 193 162 128 2 060 1 840 1 610 1 410 1 240 1 090 983 895 805 690 574 531 457 380 308 265 226 179 844 747 633 547 416 349 280 244 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis X-X 94.5 92.7 91.7 89.7 89.2 88.1 87.6 86.9 88.6 87.1 83.6 81.5 81.8 118 117 115 114 113 112 111 110 110 108 106 111 110 108 105 103 100 99.1 130 133 132 131 125 122 119 117 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) Properties of Wide-Flange Sections (W-Shapes): SI Units (continued) Width (mm) TABLE B-2 36.9 31.3 25.3 20.4 17.7 15.4 9.03 7.62 4.07 3.32 1.42 1.14 0.870 98.2 86.2 74.5 64.1 55.8 48.3 42.9 38.9 22.2 18.7 15.2 6.95 5.87 4.75 1.79 1.48 1.20 0.907 18.4 10.2 8.45 7.20 1.94 1.57 1.17 0.982 I (10 mm 4 ) 6 351 300 246 200 174 152 109 92.3 60.8 49.8 27.9 22.5 17.4 742 655 570 493 433 377 338 306 218 185 151 94.2 80.1 65.1 35.1 29.2 23.8 18.0 180 122 102 87.5 37.9 30.8 23.1 19.5 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis Y-Y 53.8 53.3 52.8 51.8 51.6 51.3 41.1 40.9 32.0 31.2 22.3 21.4 21.4 68.1 67.3 66.8 66.0 65.8 65.3 65.0 64.5 51.1 50.3 49.3 34.8 34.5 33.8 22.2 21.5 20.6 19.9 49.3 39.1 38.6 38.4 21.5 20.9 19.6 19.1 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 516 APPENDIX B Tables E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 37.1 29.8 22.5 24.0 18.0 13.5 13.0 28.1 23.8 19.3 W150 37:1 29:8 22:5 24 18 13:5 13 W130 28:1 23:8 W100 19:3 2 470 3 590 3 040 4 740 3 790 2 860 3 060 2 290 1 730 1 630 106 131 127 162 157 152 160 153 150 148 103 128 127 154 153 152 102 102 100 100 8.76 10.9 9.14 11.6 9.27 6.60 10.3 7.11 5.46 4.95 7.11 6.86 6.10 8.13 6.60 5.84 6.60 5.84 4.32 4.32 4.70 10.9 8.91 22.2 17.2 12.1 13.4 9.20 6.83 6.20 89.5 167 140 274 220 159 167 120 91.1 83.6 43.7 55.1 54.1 68.6 67.6 65.0 66.0 63.2 62.7 61.7 1.61 3.80 3.13 7.12 5.54 3.88 1.84 1.24 0.916 0.828 31.1 59.5 49.2 91.9 72.3 51.0 36.1 24.6 18.2 16.6 25.4 32.5 32.0 38.6 38.1 36.8 24.6 23.3 23.0 22.6 B-2 Tables 517 E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 180 158 149 134 119 143 128 112 98.2 104 81.4 74.0 64.0 74.0 60.7 52.0 47.3 52.0 37.8 34.0 27.4 25.7 18.6 15.0 14.1 11.5 11.2 8.50 S610 180 158 149 134 119 S510 143 128 112 98:2 S460 104 81:4 S380 74 64 S310 74 60:7 52 47:3 S250 52 37:8 S200 34 27:4 S150 25:7 18:6 S130 15 S100 14:1 11:5 S75 11:2 8:5 Designation Mass (kg/m) 1 420 1 070 1 800 1 460 1 890 3 260 2 360 4 360 3 480 6 650 4 810 9 420 7 680 6 580 6 010 9 480 8 130 13 200 10 300 18 200 16 300 14 200 12 500 22 900 20 100 18 900 17 100 15 200 Area (mm 2 ) 76.2 76.2 102 102 127 152 152 203 203 254 254 305 305 305 305 381 381 457 457 516 516 508 508 622 622 610 610 610 Depth (mm) 63.8 59.2 71.1 67.6 76.2 90.7 84.6 106 102 125 118 139 133 129 127 143 140 159 152 183 179 162 159 204 200 184 181 178 Width (mm) 6.60 6.60 7.44 7.44 8.28 9.12 9.12 10.8 10.8 12.5 12.5 16.7 16.7 13.8 13.8 15.8 15.8 17.6 17.6 23.4 23.4 20.2 20.2 27.7 27.7 22.1 22.1 22.1 8.86 4.32 8.28 4.90 5.44 11.8 5.89 11.2 6.88 15.1 7.90 17.4 11.7 10.9 8.89 14.0 10.4 18.1 11.7 20.3 16.8 16.1 12.8 20.3 15.7 18.9 15.9 12.7 Web thickness (mm) 1.21 1.04 2.81 2.52 5.12 10.9 9.16 26.9 23.9 61.2 51.2 126 112 94.9 90.3 202 186 384 333 695 653 533 495 1 320 1 220 991 937 874 I (10 6 mm 4 ) 31.8 27.4 55.4 49.7 80.3 143 120 265 236 482 403 829 739 624 593 1 060 973 1 690 1 460 2 700 2 540 2 100 1 950 4 230 3 930 3 260 3 060 2 870 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis X-X 29.2 31.2 39.6 41.7 52.1 57.9 62.2 78.5 82.8 96.0 103 116 121 120 123 146 151 170 180 196 200 194 199 240 247 229 234 241 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) Properties of I-Beam Sections (S-Shapes): SI Units Thickness (mm) Flange TABLE B-3 0.241 0.186 0.369 0.311 0.495 0.953 0.749 1.78 1.54 3.45 2.80 6.49 5.62 4.10 3.88 6.49 5.95 10.0 8.62 20.8 19.4 12.3 11.4 34.5 32.0 19.7 18.6 17.5 I (10 6 mm 4 ) 7.55 6.28 10.4 9.21 13.0 21.0 17.7 33.6 30.2 55.1 47.4 93.2 84.1 63.6 61.1 90.6 85.0 126 113 228 216 152 144 338 320 215 205 197 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis Y-Y 13.0 13.2 14.3 14.6 16.2 17.1 17.8 20.2 21.0 22.8 24.1 26.2 26.9 24.9 25.4 26.2 26.9 27.4 29.0 33.8 34.5 29.5 30.2 38.9 39.9 32.3 33.0 34.0 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 518 APPENDIX B Tables E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 74.0 60.0 50.4 45.0 37.0 30.8 45.0 37.0 30.0 22.8 30.0 22.0 19.9 27.9 20.5 17.1 22.0 18.2 14.6 19.3 15.6 12.2 13.0 10.4 10.8 8.00 6.70 8.90 7.40 6.10 5.20 C380 74 60 50:4 C310 45 37 30:8 C250 45 37 30 22:8 C230 30 22 19:9 C200 27:9 20:5 17:1 C180 22 18:2 14:6 C150 19:3 15:6 12:2 C130 13 10:4 C100 10:8 8 6:7 C75 8:9 7:4 6:1 5:2 Designation Mass (kg/m) 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.2 102 102 102 127 127 152 152 152 178 178 178 203 203 203 229 229 229 254 254 254 254 305 305 305 381 381 381 Depth (mm) 40.6 38.1 35.8 34.8 43.7 40.1 40.1 48.0 44.5 54.9 51.6 48.8 58.4 55.6 53.1 64.3 59.4 57.4 67.3 63.2 61.7 77.0 73.4 69.6 66.0 80.5 77.5 74.7 94.5 89.4 86.4 Width (mm) 6.93 6.93 6.93 6.93 7.52 7.52 7.52 8.13 8.13 8.71 8.71 8.71 9.30 9.30 9.30 9.91 9.91 9.91 10.5 10.5 10.5 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 12.7 12.7 12.7 16.5 16.5 16.5 Thickness (mm) 9.04 6.55 4.32 3.35 8.15 4.67 3.18 8.26 4.83 11.1 7.98 5.08 10.6 7.70 5.33 12.4 7.70 5.59 11.4 7.24 5.92 17.1 13.4 9.63 6.10 13.0 9.83 7.16 18.2 13.2 10.2 Web thickness (mm) 0.862 0.770 0.687 0.653 1.91 1.60 1.52 3.70 3.11 7.20 6.29 5.45 11.3 10.1 8.82 18.3 15.0 13.5 25.3 21.2 19.9 42.9 37.9 32.8 28.0 67.4 59.9 53.7 168 145 131 I (10 6 mm 4 ) 22.6 20.2 18.0 17.0 37.5 31.5 30.0 58.3 49.0 94.7 82.6 71.3 127 113 100 180 148 133 221 185 174 339 298 259 221 442 393 352 882 762 688 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis X-X 27.4 28.4 29.7 30.5 37.3 39.6 41.4 46.5 49.5 54.1 56.4 59.4 63.8 66.0 69.1 71.6 75.9 79.0 81.8 86.4 88.6 86.9 89.4 93.0 98.3 109 113 117 133 138 143 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) Properties of Channel Sections: SI Units 0.125 0.100 0.0795 0.0703 0.177 0.130 0.120 0.260 0.196 0.437 0.358 0.286 0.570 0.483 0.398 0.820 0.633 0.545 1.00 0.795 0.728 1.64 1.39 1.17 0.945 2.13 1.85 1.61 4.58 3.82 3.36 I (10 6 mm 4 ) 4.31 3.74 3.21 2.98 5.52 4.54 4.34 7.28 6.10 10.5 9.19 8.00 12.7 11.4 10.1 16.6 13.9 12.7 19.2 16.6 15.6 27.0 24.1 21.5 18.8 33.6 30.6 28.2 61.8 54.7 50.6 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis Y-Y 10.5 10.3 10.1 10.0 11.4 11.3 11.6 12.3 12.4 13.3 13.4 13.6 14.2 14.4 14.7 15.2 15.6 15.8 16.3 16.7 16.9 17.0 17.1 17.5 18.1 19.4 19.8 20.2 22.0 22.4 22.9 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 11.6 11.2 11.1 11.3 11.7 11.6 12.5 12.1 12.3 13.1 12.7 13.0 13.5 13.3 13.7 14.4 14.1 14.5 14.8 14.9 15.3 16.5 15.7 15.4 16.1 17.1 17.1 17.7 20.3 19.8 20.0 x (mm) Tables 1 140 948 774 703 1 370 1 020 890 1 700 1 270 2 460 1 990 1 540 2 790 2 320 1 850 3 550 2 610 2 170 3 790 2 850 2 540 5 680 4 740 3 790 2 890 5 680 4 740 3 920 9 480 7 610 6 450 Area (mm 2 ) Flange TABLE B-4 B-4 519 E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 84.7 75.9 67.0 57.9 48.7 44.0 39.3 65.5 57.9 50.1 42.2 38.1 34.1 29.9 55.4 49.3 42.5 36.0 32.4 29.0 25.6 38.8 32.7 26.5 23.4 20.2 L203 203 28:6 25:4 22:2 19 15:9 14:3 12:7 L203 152 25:4 22:2 19 15:9 14:3 12:7 11:1 L203 102 25:4 22:2 19 15:9 14:3 12:7 11:1 L178 102 19 15:9 12:7 11:1 9:5 Size and thickness (mm) Mass (kg/m) 4960 4180 3390 2980 2570 7100 6280 5450 4590 4150 3710 3260 8390 7420 6410 5390 4880 4350 3830 10800 9680 8520 7350 6200 5600 5000 Area (mm 2 ) 15.7 13.5 11.1 9.82 8.53 29.0 26.1 22.9 19.6 17.9 16.1 14.2 33.7 30.1 26.4 22.6 20.6 18.5 16.4 40.8 37.1 33.2 29.1 24.8 22.6 20.3 I (10 6 mm 4 ) TABLE B-5 137 117 94.9 83.7 72.4 229 205 179 151 137 123 108 247 220 192 162 147 131 116 287 259 229 200 169 153 137 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis X-X 56.1 56.6 57.2 57.4 57.7 63.8 64.3 64.8 65.0 65.3 65.5 65.8 63.2 63.5 64.0 64.5 64.8 64.8 65.0 61.2 61.7 62.2 62.5 63.0 63.2 63.2 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 63.5 62.2 61.0 60.5 59.7 77.0 75.9 74.7 73.4 72.6 72.1 71.4 67.3 66.0 64.8 63.5 63.0 62.5 61.7 61.0 59.9 58.7 57.4 56.1 55.6 55.1 y (mm) 3.75 3.24 2.70 2.41 2.11 4.83 4.37 3.90 3.38 3.10 2.81 2.51 16.1 14.5 12.8 11.0 10.0 9.03 8.03 40.8 37.1 33.2 29.1 24.8 22.6 20.3 I (10 6 mm 4 ) 49.3 42.0 34.4 30.5 26.4 64.6 57.5 50.3 42.9 39.0 35.2 31.1 146 130 113 96.4 87.5 78.5 69.3 287 259 229 200 169 153 137 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis Y-Y Properties of Equal and Unequal Angle Sections: SI Units 27.4 27.9 28.2 28.4 28.4 26.2 26.4 26.7 26.9 27.2 27.4 27.7 43.7 44.2 44.5 45.0 45.2 45.5 45.7 61.2 61.7 62.2 62.5 63.0 63.2 63.2 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 25.4 24.3 23.1 22.5 21.9 26.4 25.3 24.1 22.9 22.3 21.7 21.1 41.9 40.6 39.6 38.4 37.8 37.1 36.6 61.0 59.9 58.7 57.4 56.1 55.6 55.1 x (mm) 21.7 21.8 22.0 22.1 22.2 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 22.0 32.5 32.5 32.8 32.8 33.0 33.0 33.3 39.6 39.6 39.9 39.9 40.1 40.1 40.4 0.324 0.329 0.334 0.337 0.339 0.247 0.252 0.257 0.262 0.264 0.266 0.268 0.542 0.546 0.550 0.554 0.556 0.557 0.559 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Axis Z-Z pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) tan a 520 APPENDIX B Tables E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 55.7 49.3 42.7 36.0 32.6 29.2 25.6 22.2 18.5 40.3 35.0 29.6 26.9 24.0 21.2 18.2 15.3 22.7 17.3 14.5 40.5 35.1 29.8 24.1 21.3 18.3 15.3 29.3 24.9 20.2 15.4 12.9 10.4 L152 152 25:4 22:2 19 15:9 14:3 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 L152 102 22:2 19 15:9 14:3 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 L152 89 12:7 9:5 7:9 L127 127 22:2 19 15:9 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 L127 89 19 15:9 12:7 9:5 7:9 6:4 3750 3170 2580 1970 1650 1330 5150 4480 3780 3060 2700 2330 1950 2900 2210 1850 5150 4480 3780 3430 3060 2700 2330 1950 7100 6290 5460 4600 4160 3720 3280 2830 2370 5.79 4.99 4.15 3.23 2.74 2.23 7.41 6.53 5.66 4.70 4.16 3.65 3.10 6.91 5.37 4.54 11.5 10.2 8.74 7.99 7.20 6.41 5.58 4.75 14.7 13.3 11.7 10.0 9.16 8.28 7.33 6.41 5.41 69.8 59.5 48.7 37.4 31.5 25.4 84.6 74.1 63.1 51.6 45.6 39.5 33.4 69.3 52.9 44.6 117 102 86.7 78.8 70.6 62.4 54.1 45.4 140 125 109 92.4 83.9 75.2 66.5 57.5 48.3 39.4 39.6 40.1 40.4 40.6 40.9 37.8 38.1 38.6 38.9 39.1 39.4 39.6 48.8 49.0 49.3 47.2 47.8 48.0 48.3 48.5 48.8 49.0 49.3 45.5 46.0 46.2 46.7 47.0 47.2 47.2 47.5 47.8 44.2 42.9 41.9 40.6 39.9 39.4 39.6 38.6 37.3 36.1 35.6 34.8 34.3 52.6 51.3 50.8 53.8 52.6 51.6 50.8 50.3 49.5 49.0 48.3 47.2 46.0 45.0 43.7 43.2 42.4 41.9 41.1 40.6 2.30 2.00 1.67 1.31 1.12 0.916 7.41 6.53 5.66 4.70 4.16 3.65 3.10 1.76 1.39 1.18 4.04 3.59 3.11 2.86 2.59 2.31 2.02 1.72 14.7 13.3 11.7 10.0 9.16 8.28 7.33 6.41 5.41 36.1 30.8 25.4 19.5 16.6 13.4 84.6 74.1 63.1 51.6 45.6 39.5 33.4 26.1 20.0 16.9 55.2 48.3 41.3 37.5 33.8 30.0 25.9 22.0 140 125 109 92.4 83.9 75.2 66.5 57.5 48.3 24.7 25.1 25.4 25.9 25.9 26.2 37.8 38.1 38.6 38.9 39.1 39.4 39.6 24.6 25.0 25.2 27.9 28.4 28.7 29.0 29.0 29.2 29.5 29.7 45.5 46.0 46.2 46.7 47.0 47.2 47.2 47.5 47.8 25.2 24.1 22.9 21.7 21.1 20.4 39.6 38.6 37.3 36.1 35.6 34.8 34.3 21.1 19.8 19.2 28.4 27.2 26.2 25.4 24.9 24.3 23.7 23.1 47.2 46.0 45.0 43.7 43.2 42.4 41.9 41.1 40.6 18.9 18.9 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.3 24.7 24.7 24.8 24.9 25.0 25.0 25.1 19.2 19.4 19.5 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.9 21.9 22.0 22.1 22.2 29.7 29.7 29.7 29.7 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.2 30.2 0.464 0.472 0.479 0.485 0.489 0.491 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.343 0.349 0.352 0.421 0.428 0.435 0.438 0.440 0.443 0.446 0.449 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 B-5 Tables 521 E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 19.0 16.7 14.5 12.1 9.80 27.5 23.4 19.0 16.8 14.6 12.2 9.80 17.6 13.5 11.4 9.20 20.2 16.4 12.6 10.7 8.60 16.5 14.6 12.6 10.7 8.60 15.1 13.5 11.7 9.80 8.00 L127 76 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 6:4 L102 102 19 15:9 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 6:4 L102 89 12:7 9:5 7:9 6:4 L102 76 15:9 12:7 9:5 7:9 6:4 L89 89 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 6:4 L89 76 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 6:4 Size and thickness (mm) Mass (kg/m) 1 940 1 710 1 480 1 250 1 010 2 100 1 850 1 600 1 350 1 090 2 510 2 100 1 600 1 350 1 090 2 260 1 720 1 450 1 170 3 510 2 970 2 420 2 140 1 850 1 550 1 250 2 420 2 140 1 850 1 550 1250 Area (mm 2 ) 1.44 1.29 1.14 0.970 0.799 1.51 1.35 1.19 1.02 0.832 2.50 2.09 1.64 1.40 1.14 2.21 1.73 1.47 1.20 3.17 2.76 2.30 2.05 1.80 1.53 1.25 3.93 3.50 3.06 2.60 2.12 I (10 6 mm 4 ) 23.8 21.1 18.4 15.6 12.7 24.3 21.6 18.8 15.9 12.9 37.4 30.6 23.6 20.0 16.2 31.5 24.3 20.5 16.6 45.7 39.0 32.1 28.3 24.6 20.8 16.9 47.4 42.0 36.4 30.6 24.7 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis X-X 27.2 27.4 27.7 27.7 27.9 26.7 26.9 27.2 27.4 27.7 31.2 31.5 32.0 32.3 32.3 31.2 31.8 31.8 32.0 30.0 30.5 30.7 31.0 31.2 31.5 31.8 40.1 40.4 40.6 40.9 41.1 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 28.4 27.7 27.2 26.7 25.9 26.7 26.2 25.4 24.9 24.2 34.8 33.5 32.3 31.8 31.0 31.5 30.5 29.7 29.0 32.3 31.0 30.0 29.2 28.7 28.2 27.4 44.2 43.7 42.9 42.4 41.7 y (mm) 0.966 0.870 0.766 0.658 0.541 1.51 1.35 1.19 1.02 0.832 1.19 0.999 0.787 0.674 0.554 1.57 1.23 1.05 0.862 3.17 2.76 2.30 2.05 1.80 1.53 1.25 1.06 0.953 0.837 0.716 0.587 I (10 6 mm 4 ) 17.9 15.9 13.9 11.8 9.59 24.3 21.6 18.8 15.9 12.9 22.0 18.0 13.9 11.8 9.59 24.6 19.0 16.1 13.0 45.7 39.0 32.1 28.3 24.6 20.8 16.9 18.5 16.4 14.3 12.1 9.83 S F I /c (10 3 mm 3 ) Axis Y-Y TABLE B-5 Properties of Equal and Unequal Angle Sections: SI Units (continued) 22.3 22.5 22.7 22.9 23.1 26.7 26.9 27.2 27.4 27.7 21.5 21.8 22.2 22.4 22.5 26.4 26.7 26.9 27.2 30.0 30.5 30.7 31.0 31.2 31.5 31.8 20.9 21.1 21.3 21.5 21.7 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 22.1 21.5 20.9 20.3 19.6 26.7 26.2 25.4 24.9 24.2 22.0 20.9 19.7 19.1 18.4 25.2 24.1 23.4 22.8 32.3 31.0 30.0 29.2 28.7 28.2 27.4 18.9 18.3 17.7 17.1 16.5 x (mm) 15.7 15.7 15.8 15.8 16.0 17.2 17.3 17.3 17.4 17.5 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.2 16.2 18.2 18.3 18.3 18.4 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.8 19.8 19.9 16.3 16.4 16.4 16.5 16.6 pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi r F I /A (mm) 0.713 0.717 0.720 0.722 0.725 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.534 0.542 0.551 0.554 0.558 0.750 0.755 0.757 0.759 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.357 0.361 0.364 0.368 0.371 tan a Axis Z-Z 522 APPENDIX B Tables E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s). 13.9 10.7 9.00 7.30 14.0 12.4 10.7 9.10 7.30 5.50 12.6 11.3 9.80 8.30 6.70 5.10 11.5 8.80 7.40 6.10 4.60 11.4 8.70 7.40 6.10 4.60 7.90 6.70 5.40 4.20 4.80 3.60 7.00 5.80 4.70 3.60 2.40 L89 64 12:7 9:5 7:9 6:4 L76 76 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 6:4 4:8 L76 64 12:7 11:1 9:5 7:9 6:4 4:8 L76 51 12:7 9:5 7:9 6:4 4:8 L64 64 12:7 9:5 7:9 6:4 4:8 L64 51 9:5 7:9 6:4 4:8 L64 38 6:4 4:8 L51 51 9:5 7:9 6:4 4:8 3:2 877 742 605 461 312 605 461 1000 845 684 522 1450 1120 942 768 581 1 450 1120 942 768 582 1 610 1 430 1240 1080 845 643 1770 1570 1360 1150 929 703 1770 1360 1150 929 0.198 0.172 0.144 0.113 0.0787 0.247 0.193 0.380 0.329 0.273 0.213 0.508 0.405 0.348 0.288 0.223 0.799 0.641 0.549 0.454 0.353 0.862 0.778 0.687 0.587 0.483 0.374 0.916 0.824 0.728 0.624 0.512 0.395 1.35 1.07 0.916 0.753 5.70 4.88 4.00 3.08 2.11 5.96 4.59 8.95 7.62 6.24 4.80 11.7 9.14 7.77 6.34 4.83 16.4 12.8 10.8 8.87 6.78 16.9 15.1 13.2 11.2 9.09 6.93 17.4 15.5 13.5 11.5 9.32 7.10 23.1 17.9 15.2 12.3 15.0 15.2 15.4 15.5 15.7 20.1 20.3 19.5 19.7 19.9 20.1 18.7 19.0 19.2 19.4 19.6 23.4 23.8 24.0 24.2 24.4 23.1 23.3 23.5 23.7 23.9 24.1 22.7 22.9 23.1 23.3 23.5 23.7 27.4 27.9 28.2 28.4 16.1 15.5 14.9 14.2 13.6 22.0 21.3 21.0 20.4 19.8 19.2 20.4 19.3 18.7 18.1 17.4 27.4 26.2 25.7 24.9 24.2 25.3 24.7 24.1 23.5 22.9 22.2 23.6 23.0 22.5 21.8 21.2 20.6 30.5 29.2 28.7 27.9 0.198 0.172 0.144 0.113 0.0787 0.0666 0.0524 0.214 0.186 0.155 0.122 0.508 0.405 0.348 0.288 0.223 0.278 0.224 0.194 0.162 0.127 0.537 0.487 0.429 0.370 0.306 0.236 0.916 0.824 0.728 0.624 0.512 0.395 0.566 0.454 0.390 0.323 5.70 4.88 4.00 3.08 2.11 2.33 1.80 5.92 5.06 4.15 3.20 11.7 9.14 7.77 6.34 4.83 7.70 6.03 5.15 4.23 3.24 12.1 10.7 9.39 7.98 6.51 4.97 17.4 15.5 13.5 11.5 9.32 7.10 12.4 9.65 8.21 6.72 15.0 15.2 15.4 15.5 15.7 10.4 10.6 14.6 14.8 15.0 15.2 18.7 19.0 19.2 19.4 19.6 13.8 14.1 14.3 14.5 14.7 18.2 18.4 18.6 18.8 18.9 19.1 22.7 22.9 23.1 23.3 23.5 23.7 17.8 18.2 18.4 18.6 16.1 15.5 14.9 14.2 13.6 9.45 8.81 14.7 14.1 13.5 12.9 20.4 19.3 18.7 18.1 17.4 14.7 13.6 13.0 12.4 11.7 18.9 18.4 17.8 17.2 16.6 15.9 23.6 23.0 22.5 21.8 21.2 20.6 17.8 16.6 16.1 15.4 9.80 9.80 9.83 9.88 9.93 8.15 8.23 10.6 10.7 10.7 10.8 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 10.8 10.8 10.9 10.9 11.0 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.2 13.2 13.2 14.7 14.7 14.8 14.8 14.9 14.9 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.7 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.354 0.360 0.612 0.618 0.624 0.628 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.413 0.426 0.432 0.437 0.442 0.666 0.671 0.675 0.679 0.683 0.687 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.485 0.495 0.500 0.504 B-5 Tables 523 E ditorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. C engage L earning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. C opyright 2010 C engage L earning. A ll R ights R eserved. M ay not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ue to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eB ook and/or eC hapter(s).