France Zero Liquid Discharge Market:
Size, Share, Sales Analysis, and Revenue
Forecast 2023-2030
The zero liquid discharge market in France is experiencing significant growth, with strong
indications of surpassing the billion-euro mark by 2026. Water scarcity and increasing
urbanization have made water resources scarce. Major industries, including oil and gas,
energy and power, chemicals and petrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals, generate large
volumes of wastewater containing harmful chemicals and waste. The release of this toxic
wastewater into natural water bodies has led to disastrous impacts on the environment,
affecting flora, fauna, and even causing climate changes. In response to these challenges,
environmentally sustainable methods such as Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) have emerged as
a solution.
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According to Fairfield Market Research, the global zero liquid discharge market is projected
to demonstrate a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 12.4% from 2021 to 2026. This
market is expected to surpass the billion-dollar mark by the end of 2026, up from its
valuation of US$841.4 million in 2020.
Market Analysis in Brief
Water scarcity and the detrimental effects of wastewater discharge have created opportunities
for sustainable methods like Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). This method involves treating
wastewater using processes such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration,
crystallization/evaporation, and fractional electrode ionization, resulting in zero discharge of
water at the end of the treatment cycle. The global ZLD market is driven by critical factors
such as the rising need for groundwater conservation, supportive government initiatives, and
favorable regulatory guidelines.
Key Report Findings
By the end of 2026, the global zero liquid discharge market is expected to exceed US$1,639
million in size. The critical need for groundwater conservation will be the primary driver for
the adoption of ZLD. Supportive government measures and favorable regulatory guidelines
are major contributors to market expansion. The energy and power industry will generate the
highest demand for zero liquid discharge systems. The Asia Pacific region is expected to
experience the most significant growth in the ZLD market.
Growth Drivers
Higher Preference for ZLD
Apart from recycling, wastewater treatment plays a crucial role in easing the burden on
freshwater sources and promoting the use of treated wastewater for non-potable applications.
The wastewater treatment industry offers various solutions, including sewage treatment
plants (STP), effluent treatment plants (ETP), zero liquid discharge (ZLD), and wastewater
treatment plants (WTP). Zero liquid discharge has gained significant popularity as a soughtafter wastewater treatment method due to its ability to leave zero discharge of water at the
end of the treatment cycle. The increasing preference for ZLD will drive the growth of this
market.
Critical Need for Freshwater Conservation
The urgent need for effective freshwater conservation is a primary driver for the adoption of
zero liquid discharge in the wastewater treatment sector. According to the United Nations
(UN) water report, only 3% of the earth's surface water is freshwater, and out of this, a mere
1% is available in lakes, rivers, and swamps. The scarcity of freshwater, coupled with rising
water pollution, highlights the importance of water conservation. Environmental agencies and
government authorities worldwide have imposed regulations to reduce water pollution and
promote water conservation, providing a significant boost to the zero liquid discharge market.
Stringent Regulations Set for Wastewater Treatment and Disposal
The global industrial wastewater treatment industry is rapidly expanding, with
industrialization and municipal sewage contributing to the significant amount of wastewater
generated. To combat increasing industrial pollution, environmental regulatory boards have
implemented norms and regulations for wastewater treatment and effluent discharge
standards. Operating treatment plants have become essential for companies to meet stringent
environmental standards. As regulations continue to tighten, zero liquid discharge is expected
to remain in demand within the wastewater treatment industry.
Growing Awareness About Wastewater Effluent Treatment
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in awareness regarding proper treatment and
disposal of wastewater effluents. Regulatory bodies worldwide have set stringent policies and
guidelines for industrial plants to meet zero liquid discharge norms, addressing water quality
issues. Manufacturing sites and municipal bodies are striving to meet these obligatory norms
and legislations, driving the growth of the zero liquid discharge market. The European Union
Water Framework Directive and the Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs) set by the United
States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are examples of regulatory mandates that
encourage ZLD adoption.
Growth Challenges
Cost and Space Constraints Continue to Restrict Application Potential of ZLD
Most zero liquid discharge processes rely on thermal processing, which involves energyintensive evaporation to recover reusable water from wastewater streams. The custom design
and construction of zero liquid discharge plants based on specific end-use requirements result
in substantial operating and capital costs. Managing and handling solid waste generated at the
end of the treatment cycle also presents challenges for broader adoption of zero liquid
discharge systems across industries. Space constraints further limit the installation of zero
liquid discharge plants. The high recovery cost of these plants currently makes them feasible
for only a limited segment of industrial players.
Overview of Key Segments
Energy and Power Industry Remains the Leading Demand Generating Category
The energy and power industry holds the largest share in terms of consumption, accounting
for over 50% of the overall market value. This dominance is primarily driven by the high
adoption of zero liquid discharge systems in compliance with rigid environmental regulations
on wastewater discharge. The chemical and petrochemical industries, along with the energy
and power sector, collectively contribute to over 65% of the global zero liquid discharge
market valuation.
Growth Opportunities Across Regions
Asia Pacific Holds the Lion's Share till 2025
Asia Pacific has been a significant regional market for global zero liquid discharge players,
primarily due to freshwater scarcity and the implementation of strict environmental policies.
The region's market share is projected to increase significantly, driven by the growth of
chemical and energy and power industries in countries like China and India. Governments in
these countries are increasingly emphasizing the adoption of ZLD systems for wastewater
treatment. North America and Europe are mature markets, with well-established frameworks
of strict environmental laws and regulations. Both regions have enacted stringent measures to
curb water pollution, making it mandatory for the energy and power industry to establish inhouse wastewater treatment plants and comply with ZLD system installations. The Middle
East and Africa, as well as Latin America, are also expected to offer lucrative markets for
ZLD during the forecast period.
Zero Liquid Discharge Market: Competitive Landscape
Key players in the zero liquid discharge market include Veolia, ALFA LAVAL, GEA Group
Aktiengesellschaft, SUEZ, Thermax Limited, Praj Industries, Aquatech International LLC,
and Oasys Water. These companies are actively involved in developing innovative ZLD
technologies and expanding their market presence.
Notable Developments
In July 2018, GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft supplied a ZLD plant to Mexico-based
Abengoa. The plant converts salt-laden wastewater into pure water for internal recycling and
produces dry solids for disposal. GEA Group offered both thermal and non-thermal
technologies for ZLD applications, including centrifugal separators, membrane concentrators,
evaporators, crystallizers, and dryers. In April 2021, Praj Industries secured an order from
Godavari Biorefineries Ltd in India to set up a syrup-based ethanol plant with the largest
capacity in the country. As part of this project, Praj Industries will expand the existing ethanol
manufacturing capacity of Godavari Biorefineries to 600 kiloliters per day using sugarcane
syrup. The expanded capacity will maintain zero liquid discharge, highlighting the
commitment to sustainable wastewater management.
Conclusion
France has been a significant market for zero liquid discharge solutions, driven by the
scarcity of freshwater sources and stringent environmental policies. The government's focus
on industries setting up ZLD systems for wastewater treatment has fueled the market growth.
While France leads in zero liquid discharge adoption, other regions such as the Middle East
and Africa and Latin America are also expected to develop lucrative markets for ZLD in the
coming years. The global zero liquid discharge market is poised for significant growth as
industries recognize the critical need for sustainable wastewater treatment. With rising water
scarcity and stringent environmental regulations, the adoption of zero liquid discharge
systems is expected to drive the conservation of freshwater resources. Although challenges
such as cost constraints and space limitations exist, advancements in ZLD technologies and
increasing awareness about wastewater effluent treatment provide ample opportunities for
market expansion. As the market evolves, key players continue to innovate and offer
solutions that contribute to a cleaner and more sustainable future.
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