МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
КЕМЕРОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
Институт филологии, иностранных языков и медиакоммуникаций
Кафедра переводоведения и лингвистики
Реферат
Тема реферата: «Realia in American animated western film Spirit: Stallion of
the Cimarron»
Подготовила: Туранова Эльвира
Студентка группы ПП-201
Факультет: ИФИЯМ
Проверила: Валько Ольга Владимировна
г.Кемерово
2023 г.
Содержание
1 Краткий синопсис содержания ........................................................................... 3
2 Описание лингвокультурной и страноведческой специфики содержания .... 5
3 Глоссарий .............................................................................................................. 9
4 Список литературы ............................................................................................ 11
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Краткий синопсис содержания
First of all, I would like to note that the events in the animated film partially
correspond to real historical events and some real events, characters, phenomena are
used as a prototype for fictional ones.
The events of the film take place in the nineteenth century, namely the second
half of the 60s. This is confirmed by the end of the construction of the first
transcontinental railroad in 1869 and the cavalry attack on the Indian settlement in
1868 during Red Cloud's War.
The story begins with the birth of a young stallion mustang that was born on the
banks of the American Cimarron River. Gradually, he grows into a stallion and
assumes the leadership of the herd [1]. One day he notices suspicious lights and
sounds. This is when Mustang meets people for the first time. As a result, he was
captured by Mesteñeros and taken to the nearest US Cavalry fort. The Colonel of this
fort wants to tame a wild stallion, but he does not give up without a fight and then
they try to "break" him.
But people don't know that horses living in these wild prairies simply can't be
conquered, they have lived free for centuries, so they are not so easy to break.
Meanwhile, a Lakota Native American named Little Creek is also brought into the
fort and held captive [1]. The Amerindian manages to get free and escape by riding
on the Spirit, but stallion almost immediately was captivated by Lakota, who also
want to tame him. Little Creek has a mare named Rain, in which Mustang is
interested.
Later, the settlement of Indians was attacked by the 7th Cavalry under
Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer. Most of the Indians are killed, the Rain is
wounded, and the Mustang is captured again, driven into a train and taken away to
work on the construction of North America's first transcontinental railroad. This was
observed by Little Creek, who decides to help Mustang, since he saved his life. Little
Creek takes things and goes by rail in the direction where the train left. At the
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destination, Mustang is forced to work on the transcontinental railroad, pulling a
steam locomotive with other horses. After noticing that the railroad will pass right
through his home, Spirit quickly breaks free from the sledge and then frees the other
horses. They all escape, but the loss of the horses causes the locomotive come
tumbling down the hill with Spirit running for his life from it. It crashes into a station
and into another locomotive, causing an explosion that sets the forest ablaze. Spirit is
trapped when the chain around his neck snags on a fallen tree. Little Creek intervenes
setting him free, and together they escape by jumping into a ravine [1].
But the Colonel from the fort went after them, after a short chase through Grand
Canyon, the mustang manages to jump over a large gorge, which an ordinary horse
cannot do, and the Colonel admits defeat and leaves Little Creek and the stallion.
Celebrating their victory & freedom, Little Creek returns to the Lakota village with
Spirit and finds Rain nursed back to health, and names the stallion "Spirit-WhoCould-Not-Be-Broken". Spirit and Rain are then set loose by Little Creek; they
depart to Spirit's homeland, where they reunite with his herd [1].
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Описание лингвокультурной и страноведческой специфики
содержания
1. The song that plays at the beginning of the film contains the following words: “it’s
a new world, it’s a new start, it’s a new day in a new land”. They denote the
massive migration and settlement of the Wild West by Americans (railroad
companies provided people with cheap land to increase their profits and also
government provided families and settlers with free farms [2]), since these lands
were new to them.
2. The title of the film contains these words: Stallion of the Cimarron. Cimarron is a
river located in the prairies. But it was translated into Russian as «Душа Прерий»
(the soul of the prairies), since Russian audience does not know what it is.
3. Bald eagle was shown during songs about freedom since it is a symbol of
America. They symbolize freedom, perspicacity, independence, flight upward,
aspiration to the future. Moreover, they were found in North America, where the
film takes place.
4. The mustang is a free-roaming horse of the Western United States, descended
from horses brought to the Americas by the Spanish. Mustangs are often referred
to as wild horses, but because they are descended from once-domesticated
animals, they are actually feral horses. The original mustangs were Colonial
Spanish horses, but many other breeds and types of horses contributed to the
modern mustang, now resulting in varying phenotypes [3].
5. Mustang lived in the Wild West, where Native Americans also lived, known for
names associated with nature and animals. This is why he named people with such
names. (The Indians believed in totemism, shamanism, nature spirits and personal
patron spirits, the names for children were taken exclusively from the surrounding
nature in order to have a strong spiritual connection with it).
6. The Lakota are a Native American people. The Lakota was once the most
powerful tribe in the American history, but it was just a subgroup of the Sioux or
the Great Sioux Nation, which includes many different tribes including the Dakota
and the Nakota. For this reason, the Lakota people are also called Teton Sioux, in
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which the term Teton is derived from their word Titunwan that means prairie
dwellers. Since they were a nomadic people who moved from one place to
another, they used the sun and the stars as a guide [4]. Since Teton Sioux is a
warrior nation, they grew no crops and built no houses. For food, for shelter and
for clothing they depended upon the buffalo. Millions of these large, slow-moving
animals wandered across the western grasslands in vast herds. When the buffalo
moved, the Sioux moved [2].
7. Horses of Lakota could have some paintings like circles and lines. The coup
marks on the horse’s rump mean prestigious acts of bravery by the warrior. The
circles on the front of the horse can mean multiple things, either instances in
which the owner was fighting behind a parapet, battles in which enemies were
killed, or even instances when the horse itself was injured [5].
8. Some of the Lakota men had feather in their hair. It could symbolize the origin
and abilities of a rider, a hunter or a runner.
9. Tepee – is a traditional dwelling used by indigenous North Americans (the Sioux)
in the Great Plains and Canadian Prairies. Tepee, which can also be spelled teepee
or tipi, comes from the Lakota word thípi, meaning "dwelling." Typical tepees
have flaps that open at the top, allowing smoke to escape. Their structure makes
them portable but sturdy, and the treated buffalo skins keep their inhabitants warm
in the winter and dry in the rain [6]. A doorway covered with a flap of skin was
left in the side and an opening at the top acted as a chimney. The outside of the
tepee was decorated with painted designs that had religious or historical meanings
[2].
10.The Northern Pacific Railroad - North America's first transcontinental railroad
(known originally as the "Pacific Railroad") [7]. The first railroad across the North
American continent was completed in 1869 at Promontory Point in Utah [2].
11.The events unfold during the American Indian Wars. Colonel's attack on the
Lakota Indian camp historically correlates with Custer's attack on the Black Kettle
Cheyenne camp in November 1868 during Red Cloud's War. The difference is
that these two events are several thousand kilometers apart. The Colonel
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apparently attacked the Lakota in the Black Hills, Wyoming, and Custer attacked
the Southern Cheyenne on the Wichita River.
12.Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer, leading the 7th Cavalry [8] was taken as the
prototype of the Colonel. Like Custer, the Colonel wears long hair, a mustache, a
beard and a neckerchief. Just like Custer, the colonel is mostly calm and collected,
but sometimes his rage goes over the edge when something goes wrong with his
plan.
13.Mesteñeros – people, who captured Mustang for the very first time and sold the
US Cavalry. Mesteñeros, or mustang runners, were people in Western North
America in the 19th and early 20th century, usually vaqueros or cowboys, that
caught, broke and drove wild horses, called mesteños or mustangs, to market in
the Spanish and later Mexican, and still later American territories of what is now
Northern Mexico, Texas, New Mexico and California. These Mesteñeros operated
primarily in the Great Plains from Texas and New Mexico from the 18th century
and in California, primarily in the San Joaquin Valley during the 19th century and
in the Great Basin during the 20th century [9].
14.Mesteñeros captured and sold wild horses to the US Cavalry because it in various
forms from 1775 to 1942, was historically a horse-mounted cavalry force that
played a significant role in a number of chapters of US history to the present day
[10].
15.Mesteñeros sat on saddles known as western saddle and caught horses with a
lasso. Western saddles have a very functional item – "horn". This saddle was
designed to provide security and comfort to the rider when spending long hours on
a horse, traveling over rugged terrain. This style of saddle allowed vaqueros to
control cattle by use of a rope around the neck of the animal, tied or dallied
(wrapped without a knot) around the horn [11].
16.Such activity as taming wild horses by US army that was shown in the animated
film will later become a national sport known as rodeo. This is a type of
competition where participants try to stay in the saddle on a rearing horse or bulls.
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17.The US Cavalry fort that was shown in the animated film was located in the Great
Plains, also known as “The Great American Desert” due to its harsh climate.
18.The Colonel, head of the fort, immediately determines the tribal affiliation of a
captured Indian named Little Creek: “A Lakota, not as tall as the Cheyenne, not as
fine featured as the Crow”. Indeed, it was the Cheyenne who had the tallest
growth on the Great Plains, and the Crow were considered the most beautiful, but
mainly not because of their faces, but because of their ability to dress beautifully
in a barbaric way.
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Глоссарий
Английский термин
Herd (of horses)
Русский аналог
табун
Lakota
Лакота
Stallion
жеребец
Tepee
Вигвам
spurs
шпоры
Lasso
лассо
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Иллюстрация
Bald eagle
Белоголовый орлан
Western saddle
Седло вестерн
Rodeo
Родео
Mesteñeros
Местеньерос
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Список литературы
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit:_Stallion_of_the_Cimarron
2. Bryn O’Callaghan. An Illustrated History of the USA. – Harlow: Longman,
2004. – 146 c.
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang
4. https://symbolsage.com/lakota-symbol-meaning/
5. https://www.jamesayers.com/lakota-horseman/
6. https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/tepee
7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_transcontinental_railroad
8. https://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-timeline/
9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesteñeros
10.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Cavalry
11.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_saddle
12.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Cloud%27s_War
13.https://history.wikireading.ru/141125
14.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakota_people
15.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodeo
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