H ello,
Check it out
Let's go shoppi ng!
We lcome to Consumers!
vVe have lots of a rticles about different aspe cts of ou r
m odem world. vVho are the co ns umers? W ha t do they
consu me? Are there better ways of ha vin g a hap try life
in ou r con su m er societies?
T he re a re a lot of different fact s, opi n ions, ideas a n d
pictures in this Topics title. vVe're su re yo u'll find th em
interesting . \ Ve look at th e sho p p ing ex perience, at
fashion and at advertising . Th ere are articles abo ut
th e environ men t, and making th e wor ld (/ better place
to live in . A n d others about ways to im p rove o u r
personal lives.
Fashion: what's new?
Ad speak
Innovation, innovation,
innovation!
Charity shops
The travels of a blouse
UNICEF works!
Phones can do anything!
The state of our planet
An environmental project
Consumer hot topics:
One m ore thing ! R eading the a rticles is on ly th e first
stage. \ Vh at abo u t yo u r id eas, op in ions a n d
ex pe rience? Your facts and photos? Th e Co ns u mer
S f)y note suggests ideas for com pa ring yo u r person al
ex pe rience with the articles in th ese pages. R em ember
that th e Proj ects page has id ea s for exte n d ing th em .
So reading is just the beginning.
obesity
Healthy living
Problem solving
Do you know?
Projects
Topics chatrooms
W e really hope that you en joy ex ploring th ese
ide as.
~/.
Susan H olden
You ca n find the key
vocabulary fo r every a rt icle in the
WORD FILE on that page. The pictures
will also help you to guess the mean ing
in context. There is a s ummary of us eful
vocabulary on the Check it out page.
Finally. you ca n us e the Macm illan
English Dictionary to cons olidate the new
vocabulary.
There is a list of useful
website addresses on page 2.
Remember that websites cha nge.
Be selective'
Check it out
Verbs
destroy
pre serve
respect
exhaust
re cycle
reuse
pollute
res cue
save
environment
fuel
oil
trash ~
factory
ga rbage ~
resources
wa ste
Nouns
advertise
export
package
se ll
target
bargain
import
pay
s pons or
trade
buy
market
promote
swa p
window-shop
deal
product
e- comme rce
market
store
Internet
retailer
supermarket
energy
farm ing
industry
rubbish ~
Adjectives
ecological
organi c
ethical
processed
Inorganic
sustainable
Nouns
Things
bargain
Places
boutique
mall
shop
Verbs
People
clerk ~
employee
seller
advertiser
customer
manufacturer
clie nt
employer
shop assistant ~
.
expensive
memorable
fashionable
persuasive
Nouns
allowance ~ bills ~
change
COinS
currency
notes
diet
exercise
drink
starve
Adjectives
Adjec rves
chea p
'in'
breathe
eat
cash
cred it card
pocket money ~
ano rexic
depress ed
obese
bored
happy
stressed
bulimic
hungry
worried
Different people like to shop in different places.
It all depends on you.
Something special for that special date?
Go to your favourite specialist fashion shop.
Great clothes, great ideas... but t hey can
be expensive.
Money a probrern? Want a bargain
omething really cheap?
Then maybe a street-market is best for you.
ot of variety? No time to visit lots of
different places?
Just go down to t he superma rket .
bargain
Somethin g that is good value
for money.
chat lvl
To talk to your frie nds.
cheap
Does not cost much money.
expensive
Costs a lot of money.
gowindow-shopping (v) To look in shop windows
withou t buying anything .
hang out lvl
To be with your friends.
lounge
A room to sit, watch videos,
read magazines and chat.
variety
A lot of different types of things .
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favorite
store
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favourite
shop
Perhaps you just want a chance to look
at t he newest fashions. Why not go
Window-shopping?This is the cheapest
way to shop!
But if you want all of th ese - ideas, variety,
space, and special shops - t hen the
shopping mall is t he place for you. And,
of course, it's also a place to hang out with
your friends, to chat, and to ma ke plans.
Did you know th at some of t he newest
malls in the u.s. and Canada now have
special lounges for teenagers?There's a lot
of life in a mall!
Do a survey on favourite shopping places. Where do you normally go? Where
do your friends go? What are the percentages for different places? Do people 's
choices depend on age, personality or...?
Fashion involves change. Change involves finding new things. Finding new things involves
buying, selling and making a profit. So... is fashion a good thing? It's fun, anyway. It feels
good to wear something really new, to be really 'in'. But wait a minute! Is fashion always
really new? Take a look at these fashion hits, past and present.
p
And then there's
the fashion for
'old' things. Like a
pair of jeans with
holes, Fashion?
Well, they're very
expensive holes!
But even holes in
our clothes aren't
modern. In the
15th and 16th
centuries, rich
people cut them to
show the different
colours under the
surface.
• WORD FILE
feel good
Ivl
hit
to be 'in'
Ivl
~ color
To feel rel axed.
Some thing that is very
good and in fashion.
To be in fash ion.
!e
colour
So what's new?!
Advertising is all around us. It's on T.V., in magazines, in newspapers,
on websites. It's difficult to escape it. Ads tell us about the product, right?
Yes - but they do this in lots of different ways. They use images, words,
sounds and word association.
II
Let 's do a bit of ad analysis.
We can find out what kind of
message the advertisers are using.
Are they trying to manipulate us?
Or are they just giving us information?
For a start, ads can be INTRIGUING,
PERSUASIVE, CHALLENGING ...
advertising
challenging
hot fashion
intriguing
manipulate (vi
memorable
persuasive
soft
subtle
I whisper (vI
The acti vity of ma k ing an d usi ng ads .
Diffi cu lt, but inte rest ing also.
Ver y new ty pes of fash ion ite ms .
Myster ious and stran ge .
To m ake som ebody do som ethi ng.
Easy to rem ember.
Somet hing tha t moves you t hr oug h arg umen t.
Gentle.
Not obvious , diffi cult to noti ce.
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To speak very quie tl y.
word association One wo rd m akes you think of anoth er on e.
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"Here's the coolest. .. wildest. . .
hippest. . . funkiest. . . object!"
"The image-conscious person
cann ot do without it!"
Th is style is ideal for fashion
and consumer objects (mobiles,
backpacks, wat ches, and so on).
It's the most common form of
advertising for many prod ucts.
But don't forge t all those other
types of me ssage. Be clever:
don't let the adve rtisers fool you!
look grea
i '5
indispe\asable !
SCIENTIFIC ADS
KONIA
Connected
with the world
Do you agree with these groups of ads? Can you
think of others? Find your own ads to illustrate
each group. Which ones are the most effective?
These ads ofte n contai n a lot of text. There's a
's cientif ic' expl anation to suppo rt the prod uct.
Often there are letters from ' rea l people ' who
have benefitted from the product. Some times
these ads use diagrams and statistics to give
them an image of truth . You can find these ads
for products like healthy food and drinks,
me dicine - and even health clu bs.
SOCIAL CONSCIENCE ADS
IWORD FILE
benefit
lvl
To get an advantage from
som ething .
charity
An organisation that helps poor
or sick people.
effectively
In an effic ient way.
fool [vi
To make people believe
something that isn 't true .
funky
Fashionable in an unu sual way.
hip
Moder n and fashionable.
image-conscious Conscious of your appearan ce.
shock [v]
To cause a big surpri se.
smart
Not stupid.
starve lvl
To be w ithout food.
~
cellphone
color
sick
smart
~
mobile
colour
ill
clever
Some advertising is designed to shock us. Sometimes the
adver tisers want to mak e us feel sorry for people who are
less fortunate than us. Th ey use images like starvi ng kids ,
or people sleep ing in the street. These remind us of the
negative side of the consumer world. The photos are ofte n
in black and white. Th ey app eal to our hearts and
our consciences. Their message is "G ive money" .
Charities use this type of advertising very effectively.
SHOCK! HORROR!
These ads are not selling anything. They want to STOP you
from doing something. Th ink of prob lems like AIDS ,
smoking, drugs, alco hol. They use shocking visua l image s,
stro ng co lours and ofte n statistics to shock us.
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In every country, clever people are thinking
of new ideas, new products - and new
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ways of selling them. Some of these
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What do you think of these
new ideas? Will they be here in five years' time? Or will they be dead?
Mobile soaps!
Soaps are popular in many countries. Most T.V.
channels show them . Soap fans always try to stay
home to see the latest episode.
However. in the Netherlands. soap fans don't need to
stay home to keep up to date! They can now register
for a special soap opera on their mob iles . They
register online. and receive two episodes a day. Each
episode conta ins six video scenes with text. This new
soap is about a group of young people who live
togeth er. There 's lots of fun , drama and personal
emotion s.
There 's a plus feature , too: if they win a competition ,
the viewers can take par t in the soap.
ethical
fan
plus feature
register [vi
up to date
soap
cellphone
I'
Follows ideas of what is
morally right.
A person who support s
a film , a singer or a team .
Something extra.
To give your name and
address to a company.
Very modern.
Short for 'soap opera'.
~ mobile
What about money? Well, the subscribers pay US$1.20
a week. But soaps are very expensive to make .
In fact, the characters in the drama wear fashionable
clothes. and use new accessor ies. Big companies pay
to have their products used in the soap. That's where
the big money comes from!
And, of course, the soap company also keeps the
per sonal details of the consumers' mobi les, So
they can send them messages about new products.
Everybody is happy!
What do you think? Is th is advertising? Is it innocent entertainment? Is it ethical?
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novatio
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Here are some more hot ideas
from the world of advertising.
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People in two German cities, Berlin and Hamburg. can rent cars for only about US$l a day!
In addition, they don't pay anythi ng extra if they drive a lot of kilometres.
So what' s the deal? Well ....
You must rent the car for a minimum of three days.
You must drive a minimum of 30 kilometres a day.
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And the car?
It's very, very smallla Smart!.
Its maximum speed is only 60 kilometres an hour.
But , ... The car is covered with...:a:.:d:.:s:.:..'
The 'car rental' company is really an ad agency. It is making lots of money!
Their next idea: a rent-an-a d bike.
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The idea is growi ng! You can now find this advertisin g idea in other German cities . And the
Austria n racin g dri ver, Niki Lauda, has started the same kind of cheap car-hire in Vienna.
He hopes to expand to Spain and
the Netherlands soon. Where next?
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exploit lvl
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To m ake m oney out of ot he r
peopl e.
A product with new ideas.
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It's great to buy new clothes ... but what do you
do with the old ones? Or what about the books
that you won't read again? And your old CDs?
In a consumer society, we often have thin s
that we don't use anymore.
But these things can be ideal for somebody else.
One person's rubbish is often another person's
treasure! But how can you find that person?
The shops
It's easy in the U.K. In every High Street, there are shops
that sell these 'unwanted' objects.
These shops belong to different charity organisations.
People bring their things here, and the shop sells them.
The money goes to the charity.
There are a few rules:
• clothes must be washed and ironed;
• everything must be in good condition;
• electrical objects must be in working order.
The staff
Very often the people who work in the charity shops are
volunteers. They don't get a salary. Some of them do it
because they want to support the charity. Others do it
for work experience. A lot of students have part-time
jobs in these shops. They don't get any money, but they
can learn a lot about customer relations, about display
techniques, and about the charity itself. Sometimes,
after they have finished their studies, they work for the
charity as full-time employees.
In a modern society, the work that charities do is very
valuable. There are so many people in every country who
do not have enough food, or clothes, or a job. So any
money that the 'rich' section of society can give to the
poor section is important.
Where does your money go?
Some of the charities are very big organisations. They
have a lot of staff, and big offices, and run sophisticated
(and expensive) advertising campaigns. So there is a
big question:
"How much money goes to the people who need it?"
Some charities keep 20% for their own expenses; some
keep more. So ask a few questions before you give them
money. Choose your charity carefully!
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What charities do you know? What are
their objectives? How do they collect money?
Do they have other activities (e.g. shops)?
TH
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OFA
Some of the clothes which peopLe give to charity traveL a Long way!
Here is the 'traveL diary' of a bLouse. It travelled over 16,000 kiLometres!
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Early October 2003
Dana Simons, a char ity worker in a town in south- east England
is clearing out her wardrobe . She f inds a blouse at the back of it.
It was expensive, but she's never worn it. She decides to take it
to the recycling ban k outside her local supermarket.
This bank belongs to the charity Scope, which provides money for people with
cerebral palsy. Later that week, a recycling company collects all the clothes in the
bank.
This company pays money to Scope: in exchange, it can sell the
clothes. The blouse travels 16 kilometres to the headquarters in Leicester.
The people in the company check all the clothes carefully. They decide where to
send them . They are sure that th is blouse will be good in Africa. The materia l is
light and cool. Also, it is top quality, so it is good for export.
A worker
packs the blouse with a lot of other clothes. Then some colleagues put the 45-kilo
package into a container.
A lorry takes this to a ship in Southampton,
in the south of England. The container goes onto a ship, and the blouse's
sea-jo urney begins.
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The ship, the St. Michigan, has gone south, through the Atlantic Ocean, int o the Mediterranean Sea, and
through the Suez Canal. Finally, it enters the Indian Ocean .
After seven weeks, it arrives at the port
of Beira, in Mozambique. The container with the blouse waits in Customs for a week.
A huge lorry
leaves the port with the container. It travels to the capital of Mozambique, Tete.
The lorry crosses
the wide Zambezi River and travels north with a police guard (the value of the contents is about
$US 55,000) . It enters Zambia and travels to the town of Chipata . Th is is the fourth biggest cit y in Zambia .
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A trader, Khalid, has bought the container of clothes.
Three staff in his shop open it, and take out the 45-kilo
package. He can sell it for about $US 300.
A market trader called Mary buys it . It co nt ains hundreds
of blouses, skirts, and other clothes. She opens it, and the
blouse comes out. It looks qood. It's top quality, and the
colours are bright. She puts it on her market stall.
A teacher, Priscilla Msimuko, sees the blouse. She pays
just under US$3 for it . That's more than a day's salary,
but she feels pleased . "It's nice . I'll wear it to parties. It's
important to look good."
Back in England, Dana is happy to hear that her blouse
is mak ing someone happy, and didn't end up on a rubbish
dump.
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cerebral palsy
clear out lvl
container
Customs
headquarters
recycling bank
trader
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A disease that dam ages the brain.
To th rowaway the t hings th at you
don' t want.
A big met al or wood box that can go
onto differ ent lorri es and ships.
The pl ace wh ere goods th at en te r a
coun try are checked .
The m ain office of an org anizat ion.
A conta iner where peopl e can put
obj ects that can be recycled.
A per son w ho buys and sells th ing s.
~ color
garbage dump
kilometer
truck
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11
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What does UNICEF mean? United Nations Chil dren's Fund.
What is it? An internationa l organisation to prote ct children's rig hts thr ough health care
and education .
Where does it operate? In mor e than 160 countri es. Its main office is in New York.
How does it operate? It works wit h governme nts on programmes for children.
Does it only work with children? It als o works in comm unities to prov ide clean wat er ,
and on HIV-Aids programmes.
has very many different projects, because countr ies and people's needs are differ ent.
It' s not always so easy to make things change . You have to go step by step . It's not enough to give money.
You can solve one part of the problem. but then another part of it appears!
Here is an example of a project in one country (Brazill. But the problem-solving approac h is typical of
UNICEF's work in other places, too .
cardboard
garbage
garbage dump
grab Ivl
income
Thick paper used for boxes.
The things which you thro w away.
A place in or near a city for rubbish.
To take something quickly.
The money people get from
their work.
integrate Ivl
To become part of something .
middleman
A person who arranges business
between other people.
rescue Ivl
To save a per son from danger.
self-confidence Feeling good about your abili ties .
shocking
Very surprising .
trash
Rubbish.
unemployed
With no job .
~ center
gar bage
kids
truck
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rubbish
children
lor ry
There is a very important UNICEF project in the Brazilian city of Olinda. This began in 1992.
A big city problem
In many big cities today, there are a lot of unemployed people.
Some of these families live in rub bish dumps. They make
'houses' out of pieces of cardboard and plastic. This sounds
shocking... but in fact there are people sleeping in shop doorw ays
and cardboard boxes in big cities like New York and London,
They are mostly adults, but in this proj ect, UNICEF wanted to
rescue the children.
A fa mily problem
In Olinda, some families lived in the rubbish dumps - but they
also worked in them. The kids collected and recycled the rubbish,
so they made money from the dumps. Their families needed this
cash to survive, So - just taking the kids away from the rubbish
dumps was not a good solution ,
~-.: " ~
About 350 kids and teens lived and worked on the rubbish dump . When the rubbish truck arrived,
they rushed to grab the rubbish . This was really dangerous , Some kids lost thei r arms and legs in the
machines.
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UNICEF wanted to provide schools for the kids, but they understood that they had to compensate the
parents for the loss of income. After all, some teenagers were earning around US$5 a day... and even
the small kids could earn one dollar.
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UNICEF helped the adult rubbish collectors to form an association . They could sell direct to the paper,
glass and plastic industries, not to the 'middlemen' , As a result, they got more cash. Some families
earned double their old incomes. So the money from the kids was not so important.
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In 1998, a group of teenagers helped to renovate a building. It's now a youth centre. There are spaces for
kids to come for pre- school and after-school activities. They can get help with their homework. They can
have lessons in art and dance and music. They can recycle some of the rubbish to make objects to sell.
To encourage education, UNICEF gives US$8 a month to every family whose kids attend school.
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This was a very good solution to a big problem , The families got more money. The kids and teenagers
went to school. or course, that caused problems, too. Many of the teenagers from the rubbish dumps
did not have any self-confidence. It was their first time in school. Some of them were 14 years old - but
many of their classmates were only 71lt was difficult for all of them. And difficult for the teachers, too!
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In fact, there was another UNICEF project to help these groups to integrate, and to provide extra help
for the teachers . Slowly, the problems began to disappear.
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The people involved in this project learned a lot. To make a successful project:
• families and communities must participate;
• the government llocal, state and federal! must give support;
• extra supporl from pri vate companies and wor ker s' unions is also important.
There are now similar projects in ten other cities in Brazil. In the year 2004, approximately 1,500 of these kids
from the r ubbish dumps went to school. But there are 43,000 more who don't go. Brazil is a big country!
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connection
fashion item
mobile
operator
thief
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cellphone
center
color
favor ite
kids
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Whe n on e phone connects
wi th another.
An obje ct that is bought
to be in fash ion .
Somethin g you can move
or carry.
The person who used to
connect phone spea kers.
A person w ho steals objects .
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centre
colour
favourite
children
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These are 'big' environmental issues.
Many governments and city authorities have
projects to make things better. But what can you
do? What do you have control over? How can you
make a difference?
AN ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECT
There's a great environmental project on the
Internet. It's called The Four Rs Project. You
solve three puzzle-questions and then discover
a code word for a fourth area of action.
let's take a look.
MAKING A DIFFERENCE
What can we do about rubbish? The project
suggests three 'R' ideas - and you discover
a fourth one when you complete all four parts.
(See pages 16 and 17.)
11 11
Here are the first three ideas:
tRIE 0 UCE the amount of rubbish we make.
1.RIEUSE things: don't throw them away.
tit lE eYe L E things: find other uses for things.
Be inventive!
. WORD FILE
environment
look after lvl
pollution
recycle lvl
reduce lvl
reuse lvl
rubbish
traffi c jam
~ center
garbage
The air and earth around us.
To take care of a person or thing.
Things which make air, water or
the earth dirty.
To use an object in a different way.
To make something smaller.
To use an object again.
The things that you throwaway.
When the traffic ca nnot move.
~
centre
rubbish
Look at the three examples of 'big' environmental problems. Are they a problem in your region?
What other problems are there? Are there any projects to solve them?
15.
>
Mission 1
Mission3
What's your advice?
There are f our missi or s i n t he
pro je ct , Sel ect each mis si on in
t r and choos e th e best
env iro nment al answer s t o some
que stions , Col l ect t ile _hr ee code
words... and the n di seaver the
f ourth code wor d af t er Mi ssi on 4 ,
Ther e are al so some eeo-f r iendl y
proj ects tha t you ca l do at home
or at school ,
Mission 1:
house
Mission 2:
Mission 3:
room
REDUCE
Look at these rooms in the house and
choose the best environmental advice
for the people.
school
Ron's room
Compu ter
a) Leave it on all the time .
b] Turn it off wh en you're not using it.
T,V.
a) Turn it off if you're not wat ching a programme.
b) Keep it turned on, wit h the sound down.
Radi o
a) Use normal batt eries.
bl Use rechargeable batt erie s.
Kitchen
Taps
a) Turn th em off firmly,
b) Let th em drip.
Kettle
a) Fill it with wat er,
b) Put ju st enough water in it.
Washing
mach ine:
al Wait unt il there are enough clothes to fill it.
b) Wash a few cl othes at a tim e.
Garage
Light
al Leave it on.
bl Turn it off when you leave.
Car
a) Use it all the time,
b) Walk, or use a bik e, for short trip s,
Mission 1
.. \lME~
etml~
~
.1
~
What can you reduce in your home? Make a list.
REUSE
RECYCLE
Look at Mandy's room. It's a mess! Choose the
best environmental advice to give her,
Look at the schoolyard. There's a lot of rubbish.
What must they throwaway? What can the
students recycle? Wr it e 'TA' or 'R'.
_ .
Comic s and ma gazin es
Old clo thes
Plasti c box
-~
------:
al Leave them on th e fl oor.
b) Swap the m with a friend .
a) Give them to your younger sis ter.
b) Throw th em away.
a) Hide it in the cupboard.
b] Use it as a plant pot.
D plastic bottle
D paper bag
D drinks can
How many things can she reuse? Make a list.
Mission 2
An object th at supp lies elect ricity.
To be a possession of a per son.
A sec re t word .
Wood that is on th e beach.
A metal container to boil wa ter to
make tea.
mess
When a place is un tidy or dirty.
mission
An im por ta nt j ourn ey or project.
rechargeable Batteri es that you can use many times .
safe
Not dangerous.
swap [vi
To exchange things.
candy
closet
faucet
garbage
program
~
(
~~. / .
.
--- - ---/~/
D sweet papers
D glass bottle
Mission 3
???
• • • What about nature? Take a look
battery
belong lvl
code word
driftwood
kettle
~
~
at the beach. Let's cl ean it. What are t he
best cloth es to wear? What belongs
there? What is it safe to pick up? What is
dangerous (wear gloves)? What can we
recvcle?
A
O bro k en gl ass
I
sweet
cupboard
tap
rubbish
programme
o
~
~_
e?-
/
(1]
~
s:o
e
,0
bottle
o drift w ood
o fishing net
o pla st ic bottle
o rub ber tire
o shells
o starfi sh
o syr inge
~~!I1J@'?JQ) r l'
iJ
The environmental code
reduce
reuse
rooycle
r------
Can you choose the . R. word to use when we are protecting our world?
(Answers on page 24.1
",I>ME.p
•••
J' .I:\-r"
u
"'~'J,I'"
What about your environment (home/your room/school and nature)? Choose one of these.
What good examples of reducing, reusing and recycling can you think of?
17_
Isn't it strange ? A large percentage of the world's population
can't get enough to eat. But in 'advanced' societies, there's
a different health problem, Obesity, And this problem is
spreading to lot s of different countries .
Why is this happ ening ? What does it mean? Let's look
at some of the facts.
Modern life is fast. Everyone is rush ing, Right ?
So there's not mu ch time for meals , And 'fast food' is
easy to find [if you have the cashl.
Fast food is fashionable. Millions of dollars are spent on
ads to promote fast food and snacks.
( The message? )
Fast food is modern! It's cool.' It's fun!
CThe facts?
)
Most fast food conta ins a lot of calor ies. And if th e consumers
don't take a lot of exercise, those calories produce fat ,
CExercise? )
If you live in a big city, and travel by car or bus, you probably
don't take much daily exercise . This is worse if you sit at your
computer, or watch videos, in your spare time ,
It takes a lot of regular exer cise to balan ce the effects of this
kind of food. Let's look at four popular fast food products. How
many calories do they contain?
Cola 500ml
Burger and chips
Banana milk shake
Chocolate bar (Large)
What fast food and snacks have you eaten in the
last 24 hours? What exercise have you taken in the same period?
=
=
=
=
210 Kcal
699 Kcal
396 Kcal
445 Kcal
:J
Here's what you have to do to 'negate' the effect s of that food, and burn up those
extra calories.
.-- - - - - - - - ­
Cola :
Burg er and chip s :
Milk shake :
Chocolate bar:
.....
More than 30 m inutes' jogging .
Pl ay football for mo re th an one hour + j og for 43 m inutes .
One hou r's cycli ng.
Pl ay footb all for mo re than one hou r.
Surprised? Are there enough hours in the day to do these activities? Or is it easier to cut the caLories?
ACTIVITY CHART
Let' s look at t his pro blem in a di fferent way. You have 60 m in utes t o take some exerc ise .
What is the best ac t ivity to do? How m any calories do different activitie s burn up in 60 minutes?
~
...;
AER OBIC DAN CIr--I G
CYC LING
DAN CIN G
JOGGIN G
PLAYIN G FOOTBALL
PLAYIN G TENNI S
RUNN IN G UPHILL
WALKIN G
390
372
270
390
42 0
432
582
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To cons um e som eth ing .
A unit to m easure energy f rom fo od.
In fashion .
To dispose of som et hing.
Th e th i ngs th at go i nto some thi ng.
To make som et hing have no effect.
The things that go ou t of som et hing.
To mov e very qui ckLy.
Free tim e or leisu re .
To exten d the occur rence or infl uen ce.
To go up a hill or stairs.
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fries
soccer
Ql
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balance (vi
burn up lvl
caLorie
fashionabLe
get r id of lvl
input
negate
output
rush (vI
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19~
Visits to the doctor:
75-90% are stress-related.
These statistics relate to young people in
Britain . What about your country'? Would
any of them be similar? In our global
world, a lot of problems are internarional.
Perhaps some of the solution are, too.
Money spent by people
aged between 8 and 16 0
snacks on the way to and
from school:
HEALTHY
Over US$ 500 million.
LIVING
s okeFS
Modem life: facts and figures
Percentage of yoU~g 5
OIl die early ° 2
who WI
("i.
n
Important factors for a healthy life
We can co nsider several aspects of modern lives:
• exercise
Lack of exercise can lead to obesity, high blood pressure
and heart dise ase. Many people use ca rs too mu ch:
walk ing and cyc ling are good for you !
• diet
We need a balanced diet , with food from all the main
groups. Different pe ople have different ideas about the
percentages from each group . Here's one suggestion:
" - - -­
do you agree with it?
One problem in a mod ern soc iety is that we may eat a lot
of processed foods. These often contain a lot of suga r and
chemicals. These kinds of foods are one cause of obesity.
Natural and organic foods may help us to avoid this .
• emotional health
Self image is very important , and is often a problem for
teenagers. Diseases such as bulimia and anorexia are
serious problems : don 't neglect them! See the tips on the
opposite page for some ideas.
fat and
sugar
-­
meat
and fish
Stre ss and depre ssion can also affect our health.
Don 't let them affect you! Aga in, look at the tips
opp osite.
Helping o urse lves
There are some ideas for Healthy Living on the
Projects page. Take a look at them and see if they
are go od for you.
anorexia
bulimia
~=,,=- ......-"'--""~ =::=:;:;~=-;:::=-:!!-
cycling
depression
- disease
lack
neglect lvl
obesity
organic food
processed food
self-image
tip
An illness where people
become very thin .
An illness where people
vomit after eating.
Riding a bike.
Feeling very unhappy.
An illness .
Without something.
To not look after something.
Being overweight.
Food produced with no chemicals.
Food made by machines.
How you think of yourself.
A good suggestion .
s
LVING
EATING DISORDERS
If you, or one of your friends, has an eat ing disorder, here are some
things to remember.
* Peop le w ith eat ing disord ers often use food as a way of show ing
t hat t hey are unhappy,
* Being thin doesn't mean they have an eating disord er. There are
ot he r sig ns to look for.
* If you 're worried about a fr ie nd , t ry to encourage t hem to get he lp .
* Neve r cha nge yo ur ow n eati ng patte r ns to fit in wit h t heirs.
* If som eon e has an eat ing disorder , th e first ste p to recovery is to
adm it it.
* Th is takes co ura ge .
* Eat in g disorders can af fect everyone,
DEPRESSION
Make your own list of tips for
some Healthy Living problems.
Here are a few ways to feel happier.
* Do somet hing you enjoy: wa tch a fil m you love, or li sten to your
favouri te music,
* Get physical ! Doing exerci se usu ally m akes you feel good
about yourself .
* Sha re your problem. Discussin g it wi t h a frien d oft en hel ps.
* Rem em ber t hat sad feel in gs w il l go awa y. Noth in g lasts forever.
* Don't hesitate to talk to sympathetic teachers and parents.
* See a heal t h pro fessional, Rem emb er that they w ill respect
your privacy,
'WORD FILE
STRESS
Somet imes, life seems full of problems.
* It' s norma l to be nerv ous befo re exams '
* Headaches, stomach pa ins, sleeping problems and no
int erest in food can all be sig ns of stress. Be ale rt!
* Wr ite a list of the th ings t hat make yo u fee l stressed .
Think of a solu tion for eac h one .
* Make an action pla n, and discu ss t his with a fri end,
* Eat ing prop erly can reduc e stress , Every day, t ry to
eat five portio ns of fr uit and vegeta bles and to dri nk
eig ht glasses of water.
* Lau gh ing is a great way to re duce stress: People say
th at 100 laugh s are as good as 15 m inutes on your bike :
A list of things to do.
To say a thing is true .
An illness connected with food,
The kind of food you eat every day,
To be the sam e as, or part of
something ,
health professional A doctor, nurse, or health worker.
To wait before doing someth ing .
hesitate lvl
Getting bett er from an illness.
recovery
reduce (vi
To get sma l ler,
To divide som ething with
share tvl
another person .
solution
The answe r to a problem .
action pla n
admit (v)
eating disorder
eating pattern
fit in (v)
~
favorite
movie
~
favour ite
film
21.
?
know.
Do you
(Answers on page 24.J
1. CHOCOLATE FACTS
What do we caLL these things? Match the words to find out.
o BAKED ALASKA o CHOCOLATE MILK SHAK E
o CAPPUCCINO
D COCOA
o CHOCAHOLIC
o MEXICO
o CHOCOLATE CHIP o TIRAM ISU
COOKIES
supplied for you.
a A person who really love s choco late.
a
b An ice-cream pu ddi ng wit h hot choc olat e sauce.
b
The ext ra m oney t hat peop le leave i n a rest aura nt. It • • • 1
c Nor th Ameri can cookies w it h small pieces of chocol ate.
c
The mo ney you pay on a bus.
d A cold dr ink of chocolate and milk .
d
Credit cards are (p • • • 1 money.
e A w hite coffee w ith grated choco late on top.
e
Is ••• 1
The money that you sometimes get back. Ie••• 1
The mo ney that you are keeping for t he fut ure . Is ••• 1
If people lose a pet, they sometimes offer this m oney. lr ••• 1
The money which somethi ng costs . lp ••• 1
Metal mo ney. lc ••• 1
A North It al ian puddi ng with choco la te, cream and cake .
Its nam e means 'upside down '.
g The plant th at chocolate is made from .
h Chocolat e was take n to Euro pe in the 16t h cent ury
from thi s count ry.
3. MONEY WORD PUZZLE
Find these kinds of money in the word puzzle. The first letters are
g
h
Some paren ts give Ip • • • 1m oney to th eir child ren.
If ••• ,
People get this wh en th ey work .
SA V I N G S X Z
AF T BPR T QV
LAXP 0 CKET
A R Z
RE W
Y G S
OCZ
MPR
K T X
2. WATER INDUSTRY
How many litres of water are necessary to manufacture
these things?
a 1 lite r of bee r
i un der 10 l itres
ii 10-1 5 l itres
iii over 15 litres
ii 5 litres
iii 10 l it res
ii 100 lit res
iii 150 litres
ii 20,000 litres
iii 30,000 li t res
b A newspaper
i 1 lit re
c A cot to n sh irt
i 50 litres
d A car tyre
i 10,000 lit res
L I OW B I
A ROUFP
S A Y R T M
TC O I N S
I C E FQU
C HAN G E
rojects
SHOPPING MALLS
Visit your favorite shopp ing mall. Count the
stores. Put them in categories [clothes, music ,
shoes ...l. List the eating places. What types are
there ? What national ities ? What other thing s
are the re in the mall? What makes thi s mall
different from others? What is positive ? What
is negative? Design an ad for it with all its
positive features.
HEALTHY FOOD ADS
Look at the advertising aimed at young people for
snacks or fast food in magazines, on TV and
in posters . Analyse the techn iques that they
use , and decide which ones work well.
Choose a healthy food to advertise.
Decide the best way to do this . What wil l
you empha si se? How can you attract
people 's attention? Des ign your ad.
ENERGY ALERT
.-.
. .... .. . 111.
Design a check-list of
energy-saving tips for your
family.e.g.
• Switch off lights when
not in use .
• Don't leave hot taps running .
• Don't leave TVs or
computers on stand-b •.
CONSUMER SONG CHART
Lots of song s are about money. Here are
three . 'The money kept roll ing in '
[Madonna , in 'Evital: 'Can 't buy me love '
[the Beatlesl; 'Money for noth ing ' [Dire
Straits]. There are also songs about
ecology and the environment. Choose a
topic and see how many songs you can
find for it. Make a Top Ten Music Chart.
WHAT ABOUT WASTE?
Make a note of all the things your fami ly throws
away in 24 hours. Put it in categories, e.g.
paper, plastic, aluminium . Can you think of
ways to Reduce, Reuse or
Recycle any of this? Design a
poster with your suggestions ,
IIi::l!
Collect your favorite Consumer SPY mini-projects.
Make an exhihitinn of them with your friends. Design
a poster to advertise it and a guide to the exhibition.
_
Invite other friends, your families and teachers.
23
Topics chat rooms
o
D'
r .-"'~ ----,.,
.I ; J - -... .- - - - -. - - - ­
.t .~t. . !
"g~
~
!!
Fun chat
Teen Speak
Money Proverbs and Sayings
Emma: Hi! Guess what...
Kirsty: Wha t?
Emma : I lost my phone last
week ...
Money doesn't grow on trees.
Kirsty: Again !
Money makes the world go round.
Emma : I know, I know.
Kirsty: So - dyou have a
All that glitters is not gold.
new one?
love of money is the root of all evll,
Emma: Sure . It's really nice.
Kirsty: What' s it like?
Emma: Sma ll... s ilver... ta kes
pix... great me mory.
..
I
Kirsty: OK, OK...
Emma : Look,,-,­
•
Kirsty: Wow! Cool! Did it cost
a bomb ?
Emma : It's my birthday
pres ent...
a
s 1 -1" . MISSION 1: Ron's room: b/ a/ b; Kitchen: alb/a ;
Gar age: bib. MISSION 2: b/ a/ b. MISSION 3:
Kirsty: No comm en t!
Throw away: sweet papers; Recycle: other
things. MISSION4: Best clothe s: picture B;
Belongs ther e: drift wood/ shells/ star fish; Safe
' f>
to pick up (recy clel : rubber tyre/fishing net/
plastic bottle; Dangerous (wear glovesl: broken
gl ass bottle/ syr inge
Can you believe it?
Code Wor d 4: RESPECT
William Wordswort h is one of the
c Chocolate chip cookies; d Chocolate milk
CHOCOLATE: a Chocaholic; b Baked Alaska;
most famous Engli sh poets.
shake ; e Cappuccino; f Tir amisu; g Cocoa;
He cr itic ised many things in his
h Mexico
'm odern ' society. He thought tha t
WATER: a ii ; b iii ; c iii; d ii
thing s connected with nature
MONEY: a Pocket ; b Tip ; c Fare; d Plasti c;
were bet ter.
e Salary; f Change; g Savings; h Reward;
i Pric e; j Coins
"
The world is too mu ch with us: late and soon,
Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers:
Little we see in nature that is ours. , ,
He wrot e thi s in 1806, Two hundred year s ago, people
used a lot of energy to make and to consume thing s,
In fact , Br itai n was al ready a consum er so ciety' How
GOO D BYEl
We're at the end of 'Consumers'. We hope that you'll
continue with the ConsumerSpy ideas. Be an intelligent
consumer! See you in
the next Topics title.
(\
Tdlthen...
~
A
about your country?
S usan H olde n
The Topics series presents factual information in a
modern magazine format. It offers challenging
insights into the modern intercultural world from
a teenager's viewpoint.
Written in direct, up-to-date English, the texts
and illustrations are closely integrated for
maximum impact.
•
The reader's personal experience is placed at
the centre of the reading process.
•
The articles present a variety of text-types,
styles and formats.
•
Topics related to science, history and the arts
provide specialised information and viewpoints .
•
A Word File glossary of key vocabulary on
each page gives essential "while reading" lexical
support, with common American and British
English differences noted.
•
A Check it Out section provides an up-to-date
checklist of specialist language, plus useful
websites .
•
Mini-projects and Investigation Points at the end
of each article encourage the readers to
research further.
•
A Projects section provides ideas for more
extensive projects.
•
A light-hearted Quiz page gives more
opportunities for discovery and fun.
IS BN 978- 1-4050-9498-6
U, e yourMacmlllan
Enltlsh Dictionary
wittllhls book.
9
781405 094
6