INTRODUCTION TO
MICROPROCESSORS
Main task of Microprocessor
1. Fetch instruction from memory
2. Decode the instruction
3. Execute the instruction
General Construction of Computer
General Architecture of Microprocessor
Memory Address Bus
Memory Address Bus
Memory Address Bus
Memory Address Bus
Address Lines
Max Memory Capacity
4
16
5
32
6
64
7
128
8
256
9
512
10
1024 (1K)
…
…
16
64K
20
1M
24
16M
30
1G
36
64G
Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller
Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller
Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller
General Architecture of Microprocessor
Intel 8086 Architecture
General Purpose Registers
Special Purpose Registers
Segmentation Registers
Memory Segments
Memory Segments
Segment
Offset Registers
Function
CS
IP
Address of the next instruction
DS
BX, DI, SI
Address of data
SS
SP, BP
Address in the stack
ES
BX, DI, SI
Address of destination data
(for string oerations)