FIRST SLIDE Elizabeth I was born in 1558 from the marriage of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. She was a brave, determined and very intelligent woman. She made several tours of her state, called "royal progresses", welcomed rich subjects into her court and promoted herself with paintings that represented her. she was remembered as the virgin queen, in fact she swore she wanted to die a virgin. Despite receiving many marriage proposals, she decided she didn't want to get married. She thought the marriage was dangerous and did not want factions and plots to arise in England because of her husband. She ascended the throne at 25 and her reign was considered England's golden age. It was a bit of stability, religious tolerance and victories. it was the time of entertainment and the rising star of Shakespeare . ACTS OF SUPREMACY Elizabeth declared herself Supreme Governor of the Church of England and instituted the Acts of Supremacy, which required anyone holding a position in public office or in the Church to swear loyalty to the monarch as head of church and state. Church doctrine was protestant and culminated in the THirtynine Articles of Anglican faith. Elizabeth allowed tolerance as regarder ornament in churches and ceremonies. Queen Elizabeth was very tolerant unlike her father Henry VIII who appointed himself "Supreme Head of Church" - while she preferred to change this position with "Supreme Governor of the Church", replacing a term that determined a position of extreme supremacy. Even with regard to her sister (Queen Mary) it has always been said that the latter had 300 Protestants sentenced to death, while Elizabeth was much more objective in terms of religion. SECOND SLIDE Following the death of her sister Mary due to a probable tumor, Elizabeth became queen. The queen found a dangerous rival in her cousin, the Catholic Maria Stuart, Queen of Scots and wife of the French king Francis II. When her husband death she decided to travel from France to Scotland, Mary wanted to reclaim the English throne. She subsequently married Lord Darnley by whom she had a son, James. When her court forced her to abdicate in favor of her son, Mary decided to travel to England to ask Elizabeth for help. However, she was arrested and executed for treason. THIRD SLIDE AND FOUR SLIDE The original plan of the Spanish king was the invasion of England. The army that had been created against the hated Elizabeth and should have wiped out the English troops without difficulty and then marched on London. The start of the enterprise was postponed due to the sudden death in 1588 of Álvaro de Bazán, designated commander of the "Armada" The second attempt took place in May 1588, but the fleet was caught in a storm and had to take refuge in the port of A Coruña to repair the damage. Finally at the third attempt on May 28, 1588 the fleet managed to sail and on July 29 the Armada. The fleet moved slowly, but managed to reach the English Channel. In fact, the English fleet, with 200 vessels, counted among its forces at least three ships which, in addition to having prestigious commanders, could be considered real war machines of the time. The English ships were technologically superior to the Spanish due to the naval bearing of the English guns which allowed for faster fire. On the night of 7 August, 8 English fireships were launched against the Spanish ships which, taken by surprise, had to scatter, leaving the English easy game for an attack. The ensuing battle, known as the Battle of Gravelinga, was fought at close quarters and was disastrous for the Spanish. The Spanish Armada had not actually been defeated at sea, although it had suffered heavy damage and painful losses, but it had lost hope of defeating the British. But an incredible series of three very violent storms hit the Spaniards. VIAGGI Elizabeth encouraged her sea captains to explore new lands and look for treasure. Sir Walter Raleigh sailed to South America to hunt for gold, while Sir John Hawkins brought African slaves to America. Sir Francis Drake, the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world, combined royal authority for exploration with piracy seizing the gold carried by Spanish ships.
