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Chapter ( Four ) Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems
Presentation · November 2014
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.23857.92000
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Mohammed Abed Salih
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Chapter ( Four )
Ethical and Social Issues in Information
Systems
Under supervision
Dr. Bahjat jawazneh
Submitted by :
Mohammed abed salih
‫محمد عبد صالح‬
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1-
What ethical, social, and political issues are raised by information
systems?
2-
What specific principles for conduct can be used to guide ethical
decisions?
3-
Why do contemporary information systems technology and the
Internet pose challenges to the protection of individual privacy and
intellectual property?
4-
How have information systems affected everyday life?
Ethical Issues Facing the Use of
Technologies for the Aged Communities
Problem:
provide suitable care for the aged community Without encroachment on
privacy
Solutions:
Technology helps ( smart house) designed to allow future generations to
remain in their own homes while
ageing.
Ethical Issues Facing the Use of Technologies for the Aged
Communities
Business
challenges
Involve users in
design process
-Design features with
Management
-Administration burden due to
Unintegrated systems
-Lack of lT skills for consumers
And a administrators
Ethical considerations
in mind
-Redesign business
Processes
- Allocate sufficient
Processes
-Deploy new Technologies
to meet
User needs
organization
Information
System
-Assist aged care residents in
managing their health using
Health care technologies
Technology
Business
Solutions
-Increases efficiency
- Increases quality of
care
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems
 examples of failed ethical judgment by senior managers:
-Lehman brothers (2008- 2010).
-WG Trading co. (2010).
-Minerals Management service U.S. (2010).
-Pfizer, Eli Lilly, and Astrazeneca (2009).
-Galleon Group (2009).
-siemens (2009).
- in many cases, the perpetrators of these crimes artfully used
financial reporting information systems bury their decisions from
public scrutiny in the vain hope they would never be caught.
Ethics : Refers to the Principles of right and wrong that individuals,
acting as free moral agents, use to make choices to guide their behaviors
Information systems raise new ethical questions for both individuals and societies
because they create opportunities for intense social change, and thus threaten existing
distributions of power, money, rights, and obligations.
Model for thinking about ethical, social, political
issues
Ethical, social, and political issues are closely linked.
The ethical dilemma you may face as a manager of
information systems typically is reflected in
socialand political debate.
the next figure can give us model to think about the
interrelated relationships between ethical, social ,and
political issues.
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems
THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN ETHICAL,
SOCIAL, AND
POLITICAL ISSUES IN
AN INFORMATION
SOCIETY
The introduction of new
information technology
has a ripple effect,
raising new ethical,
social, and political
issues that must be
dealt with on the
individual, social, and
political levels. These
issues have five moral
dimensions: information
rights and obligations,
property rights and
obligations, system
quality, quality of life,
and accountability and
control.
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems
Five moral dimensions of the information age
1- Information rights and obligations:
what Information rights do individuals and organizations possess with respect to
themselves? What can they protect?
2- Property rights and obligations :
how will intellectual property rights be protected in the digital society?
Accountability and control
.1
who can and be held accountable and liable for the harm done to individual and
collective information and property rights
4-System quality :
what are the standards of data and system quality should we demand to protect
individual rights and the safety of society?
5-Quality of life :
what values should be preserved in an information and knowledge based society?
Which institutions we should be protected from violation? Which cultural values and
practices are supported by the new technology?
Key technology trends that raise ethical issues
1-Doubling of computer power :
Every 18 months has made it possible for most organizations to use information systems
for their core production processes .
2-Rapidly declining storage costs:
Organizations can easily maintain detailed databases on individuals .
3-Advances in data analysis techniques :
Companies can analyze vast quantities of data gathered on individuals
4- Networking advances and the Internet :
Copying data from one location to another and accessing personal data from
remote locations is much easier .
Key technology trends that raise ethical issues (cont)
Profiling: (Nonobvious relationship awareness (NORA)
NORA : can take information about people from many disparate
sources, such as employment applications, telephone records,
customer listings, and “wanted” lists, and correlate relationships
to find obscure hidden connections that might help identify
criminals or terrorists
Nonobvious relationship awareness (NORA)
NONOBVIOUS RELATIONSHIP
AWARENESS (NORA)
NORA technology can
take information about
people from disparate
sources and find obscure,
nonobvious relationships.
It might discover, for
example, that an
applicant for a job at a
casino shares a
telephone number with a
known criminal and
issue an alert to the
hiring manager
Ethics in an Information Society
Ethics is a concern of humans who have freedom of choice. what is the correct moral
choice? What are the main features of ethical choice?
Basic concepts for ethical analysis :
1- Responsibility:
Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for decisions you make.
2- Accountability:
is a feature of systems and social institutions: It means that mechanisms are in place to
determine who took responsible action.
3- Liability:
is a feature of political systems in which a body of laws is in place that permits
individuals to recover the damages done to them by other actors, systems, or
organizations.
4- Due process:
is a related feature of law-governed societies and is a process in which laws are known
and understood and there is an ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the
laws are applied correctly.
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