23, How many part and rule in Colreg? Tell me 2 rules you know in colreg? Tell me ex
*The COLREGs include 41 rules divided into six sections: Part A - General; Part B Steering and Sailing; Part C - Lights and Shapes; Part D - Sound and Light
signals; Part E - Exemptions; and Part F - Verification of compliance with the provisions
of the Convention.
The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972 (COLREGs) are
published by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and set out, among other
things, the "rules of the road" or navigation rules to be followed by ships and other
vessels at sea to prevent collisions between two or more vessels.
24, How many annex in Marpol? What are they?
MARPOL is the main international convention aimed at the prevention of pollution from ships
caused by operational or accidental causes. It was adopted at the International Maritime
Organization (IMO) in 1973. The Protocol of 1978 was adopted in response to a number of
tanker accidents in 1976–1977. The 1978 Protocol was absorbed into the parent Convention
and the combined instrument entered into force in 1983. In 1997, a Protocol was adopted to
amend the Convention and a new Annex VI was added, which came into force in May 2005.
The technical requirements of MARPOL are included in six separate Annexes:
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Annex I—Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil
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Annex II—Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk
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Annex III—Prevention of Pollution by Harmful Substances Carried in Sea in Packaged Form
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Annex IV—Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships
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Annex V—Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships
Annex VI—Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships
25, Do you know regular about working time for crew on ship?
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Can you drik beer, and some kind of vodka whisky? How much you can
drink?
Eight hours a day, under normal circumstances, with one day as a rest day
A maximum of 14 hours in any 24 hour period
A maximum of 72 hours in any seven day period
Provided with a minimum of 10 hours of rest in any 24 hours period
The minimum hours of rest, as per the ILO maritime convention should be:
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A minimum of ten hours in any 24 hour period
A minimum of 77 hours in any seven day period
The hours of rest can be divided in a maximum of two periods, one of which should be
at least six hours in length. Two such consecutive periods should not be separated by
more than 14 hours.
A seafarer must be granted a compensatory rest period in case he/she is required to be
on call during rest hours.
Operations like lifeboat drills, fire fighting drills, and drills prescribed by national laws
and regulations should be conducted in a manner to ensure minimum disruption of the
rest period.
A number of ship working hours and hours of rest for crew members in all positions
must be displayed in a place of easy accessibility for purpose of informing the seafarers
in due time.
A log recording number of hours of work and rest for every crew member must be
maintained at all times.
However, an exception can be made to all the above-mentioned clauses in case the
master of the ship deems it necessary to require services of a seafarer in lieu of
maintaining the safety of the ship, especially on an emergency basis.
Master can suspend the schedule of work hours and hours of rest in situations of
vessels distress and require a seafarer to perform necessary duties until normal
conditions are restored.
** Mentioned below is a general overview of Drug & Alcohol policy used on ships:
Officers, crew members, family members, or shore staff visiting the ship is not allowed
to bring alcohol or drugs on board ships
If required by the company policy, seafarers can be screened for alcohol and drug
abuse during medical checkups prior to joining a ship
Consumption of any kind of alcoholic beverages (including beer) during working hours,
over time, or within 4 hours prior starting work or watch is strictly prohibited
Some company policies might allow “controlled” consumption of alcohol on ships.
However, they would set and enforce limits on consumption of alcohol 4 hours prior to
working hours
International Maritime Organization (IMO) recommends a maximum of 0.08% blood
alcohol level (BAC) during watch keeping duties as minimum safety standard on ships.
However, the amount of BAC allowed differs from company to company, where some
allow maximum of 0.04% (During off hours) whereas others prefer 0% BAC. Lately,
most of the companies have totally banned possession and consumption of alcohol on
board their ships
27, What is DPA? And Knowledge about D&A policy?
The Designated Person Ashore (DPA) is the ‘keystone’ to provide the structure and support for an
efficient and effective Safety Management System onboard a vessel. Required by ISM Code for all
commercial vessels over 500gt, the DPA is especially designated to ensure a reliable connection
between the company and the crew and to supervise the safe operation of the vessel.
To ensure the safe operation of each ship and to provide a link between the
Company and those on board, every Company, as appropriate, should designate
a person or persons ashore having direct access to the highest level of
management. The responsibility and authority of the designated person or persons
should include monitoring the safety and pollution prevention aspects of the
operation of each ship and ensuring that adequate resources and shore-based
support are applied, as required.
28, What is PPE? Tell me some name of PPE?
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) protects the user against health or safety risks,
and includes items such as safety helmets, gloves, eye protection, hazmat suits, highvisibility clothing, safety footwear, harnesses, ear plugs or defenders and respiratory
protective equipment (RPE). PPE is to be worn where hazards cannot be totally
removed or controlled, so any potential impacts must be mitigated. PPE must be
correctly fitted, maintained and properly used.
29, What is SOPEP? And tell me some name of SOPEP equipments ?
Sopep stands for Ship oil pollution emergency plan and as per the MARPOL 73/78
requirement under Annex I. all ships with 400 GT and above must carry an oil
prevention plan as per the norms and guidelines laid down by International Maritime
Organization under MEPC (Marine Environmental Protection Committee) act.
The purpose of the SOPEP is to provide guidance to the Master and officers on board
the ship with respect to the steps to be taken when an oil pollution incident has occured
or is likely to occur.
some name of SOPEP equipments:
OS dispersent-Sawdust-Rags-Absorbent pads-Oil kit bags-Scoops-Shovel-Brooms &
brushes-Buckets-Drums-Rubber suits / boots / gloves-Wilden pump with hose.
30, Tell me FFE and LSA equiments?
*FFE:
1. Fire Retardant Bulkhead: Different Class of bulkhead such Class-A, Class-B and Class-C
are used on board ship for construction of bulkhead in areas like accommodation, machinery
space, pump room etc. The main applications of such bulkhead are to contain or restrict the
spread of fire in sensitive areas.
2. Fire doors: Fire doors are fitted in fire retardant bulkhead to provide access from the same.
They are self closing type doors with no hold back arrangement.
3. Fire Dampers: Dampers are provided in the ventilation system of cargo holds, engine room,
accommodation etc. in order to block out excessive oxygen supply to the fire. For this, it is
necessary that open and shut position clearly marked for fire dampers.
4. Fire Pumps: As per regulation, a ship must have main fire pump and an emergency power
pump of approved type and capacity. The location of the emergency fire pump must be outside
the space where main fire pump is located.
5. Fire Main Piping and Valves: The Fire Main piping which is connected to the main and
emergency fire pump must be of approve type and capacity. Isolation and relief valves must be
provided in the line to avoid over pressure of the same.
6. Fire Hose and Nozzles: Fire hoses with length of at least 10 meters are used in ships.
Number and diameter of the hoses are determined by the classification society. Nozzle of
diameters 12 m, 16 m and 19 m used on ship are of dual purpose types- Jet and spray mode.
7. Fire Hydrants: Fire hoses are connected to fire hydrants from which the water supply is
controlled. They are made up of heat retardant material to get least affected from the sub zero
temperatures and also to ensure that hoses can be easily coupled with them.
8. Portable Fire Extinguishers: Portable fire extinguishers of CO2, Foam and Dry Chemical
Powder are provided in accommodation, deck and machinery spaces carried along with number
of spares as given by the regulation.
9. Fixed Fire extinguishing system: CO2, Foam and water are used in this type of system,
which is installed at different locations on the ship and is remotely controlled from outside the
space to be protected.
10. Inert Gas System: The inert gas system is provided in the oil tankers of 20000 dwt and
above and those which are fitted with Crude oil washing. The IG system is to protect Cargo
space from any fire hazards.
11. Fire Detectors and Alarms: Fire detection and alarm systems are installed in Cargo area,
accommodation, deck areas, and machinery spaces along with alarm system to notify any
outbreak of fire or smoke at the earliest.
12. Remote Shut and Stop System: The remote station shutdown is provided to all fuel lines
from fuel oil and diesel oil tanks in the machinery space and which is done by quick closing
valves. Remote stop system is also provided to stop the machineries like fuel pumps, purifier,
ventilation fans, boiler etc. in the event of fire in the engine room or before discharging fixed fire
fighting system in the E/R.
13. EEBD: EEBD (Emergency Escape Breathing Device) is used to escape from a room on fire
or filled with smoke. The location and spares of the same must be as per the requirements
given in FSS code.
14. Fire Fighter’s Outfit: Fire fighter’s outfit is used to fight a fire on the ship made up of fire
retardant material of approved type. For a cargo ship at least 2 outfits and for passenger ship at
least 4 outfits must be present onboard.
1)
Breathing apparatus
2)
Water resisting clothing
3)
Safety shoes
4)
Hand Gloves
5)
Rigid Helmet
6)
Electric intrinsically safe hand lamp that lasts for about three hours duration
7)
Fire Axe
8)
A strong fire proof line
9)
A belt for carrying Auxiliary equipment
15. International Shore Connection (ISC): ISC is used to connect shore water to the ship
system to fight fire when the ship fire pump system is not operational and is on port, lay off or
dry dock. The size and dimensions are standard for all the ship and at least one coupling with
gasket must be present onboard.
16. Means of Escape: Escape routes and passages must be provided at different location of
the ship along with ladders and supports leading to a safe location. The size and location are
designed as per the regulation.
If you feel we have missed an important fire appliance or preventive measure, do let us know
and we will add it to the list
*LSA:
safety helmet
A safety helmet is one of the most imperative personal lifesaving equipment used on the
ship. It is generally made of hard plastic and can be fastened under the chin. It can protect
the sailors from cranial injuries during storms or rough weather.
Safety Shoes
Emergencies or even adverse weather conditions can make moving around the ship
difficult. Safety shoes come into play by preventing Slips and Falls, protecting feet from
punctures, falling objects, electrical hazards and cold or wet floors.
Safety Hand Gloves
The crew uses various types of gloves while maintaining machinery and handling cargo on
ships. The crew has to protect their hands from hot and rough surfaces, chemicals, abrasive
material, and other substances. This requires gloves with insulation, chemical resistance,
and fire-resistance.
Goggles
Ship maintenance includes various processes such as welding, machining, etc. Also, the
constant reflective glare from the sea can damage the eyes. Hence, different types of
goggles protect the crew members’ eyes from damage.
Ear Muffs/Plugs
The engine of large ships and cargo carriers produce high levels of sound (approx 110-120
dB). Constant exposure to this kind of noise level can permanently damage the hearing of
sailors. Therefore, seamen must wear earmuffs or earplugs to protect themselves from
auditory damage.
Safety harness
The safety harness is used to strap the crew member in safely, as routine ship inspection
and maintenance measures are carried out at elevated heights. The harness is tied to a
fixed point at one end and is used in conjunction with shock absorbers to reduce the impact
if necessary.
Fire and Immersion Suit
As the name suggests, fire and immersion suits protect the wearer in case of fires at sea.
Immersion suits are generally made completely of rubber, specifically neoprene and help
the person stay afloat without exposing any part of the person’s body to the sea. They are
also bright in colour, fluorescent reds and oranges making it easy to spot them from a
distance.
Life rafts
Life rafts are primary life-saving devices mandated on ships. With an expectant
accommodation capacity of 120% of the ship’s passengers, they are useful when the ship
capsizes or for short journeys away from ships. They are mostly self-inflatable and easy to
launch in case of an emergency.
Lifebuoys
A lifebuoy is usually a ring-shaped personal safety device which protects a person from
drowning at sea. Made of rubber, the personal flotation device is bright in colour and
available in different sizes for different age groups.
Life jackets
Life jackets are an important personal life-saving device that has been used by seafarers
since ages. The design of lifejackets has developed over the years, with the current design
being polyester stuffed with foam cubes. Life jackets fit the wearer snugly and prevent
him/her from drowning when inflated, based on the principle of buoyancy.
Marine Distress Signals
Marine distress signals include line throwers, man-overboard light and smoke signals,
parachute rockets, and other buoyant smoke signals. These signals indicate that the person
or the ship require external aid.
These are 11 principal personal life-saving appliances that are essential for ships. Ship and
lifejacket manufacturers and liferaft service providers in India, like SHM Shipcare,
provide quality life-saving devices, to make safe seas and safe shores a reality.
16.How many security level onboard? What are they?
The security levels under the ISPS code describe the current scenario related to the security
threat to the country and its coastal region including the ships visiting that country. The security
levels are decided by the cooperation of ship and port authority, keeping the current condition of
national and international security. The local government sets the security level and ensures to
inform port state and ships prior to entering the port, or when berthed in the port.
For any of the security levels, the following are the general points to be kept in mind:
Checking the identity of all persons boarding/wanting to board the vessel
Designated secure areas are established in liaison with the PFSO
Segregate checked persons from those unchecked for ease of operation
Identification of access points to be secured against unauthorised access
Securing of areas that provide access to personnel
Compliance with the SSP at all times
MARSEC Level 1
Locking/securing access points
Using surveillance equipment to monitor areas
Thorough patrolling
Using alarm system to alert the ship’s personnel in case of unwanted entry
MARSEC Level 2
Establishing restricted areas in the vicinity of the access points
Continuously monitoring surveillance equipment
Additional personnel for patrolling said areas
MARSEC Level 3
Setup of restricted areas near the access points at the highest level of stringency
Searching for restricted areas as part of the ship search
Cargo Handling
18. How much the oxygen percentage allow people working in enclosed space?
The most common confined spaces onboard ships are cargo holds, chain lockers, cofferdams,
water tanks, void spaces, duct keels, fuel tanks, engine crankcases, exhaust and scavenge
Các không gian hạn chế phổ biến nhất trên tàu là hầm hàng, tủ xích, cofferdams, bể chứa
nước, khoảng trống, ống dẫn, thùng nhiên liệu, thùng động cơ, ống xả và nhặt rác
Limited opening for entry and exit 2. Inadequate ventilation3. Is not designed for continuous worker
occupancy
1.Lack of oxygen – the acceptable range of oxygen in an enclosed space is between 19.5% to 23.55.
Oxygen in any compartment can reduce due to many factors- rusting of steel parts is the most common
one. We all know that rusting is nothing but the process of oxidation-thus oxygen is consumed. Oxygen
can also be consumed by activities like hot work, welding or due to the occurrence of fire.
2. Hazardous vapours– Presence of toxic vapours can make space deadly even if there is no lack of
oxygen or the compartment is oxygen enriched
3. Leakage of hazardous materials from adjacent space.
4. Insufficient/no ventilation – there could be high chances of presence of toxic gases or
absence of oxygen, both cases being lethal for man entry.
5. Restricted space– restricted or limited space in any compartment can make rescue attempts
from such chambers difficult and challenging. Personnel should understand the layout of an
enclosed space before attempting entry.
6. Inadequate lighting.
7. Personal injury due to slips, trips, and fall.
Because of zero ventilation, these enclosed places generate and store toxic gases which are either produced from
chemicals stored in the place or leakage from pipelines. If a person enters such a place without taking precaution, he
may suffer unconsciousness and sometimes even death.
Potential hazards are to be identified such as the presence of toxic gases
Opening and securing has to be done and precaution should be taken to check if the opening of enclosed space is
pressurized or not
All fire hazard possibilities should be minimized if hot work is to be carried out. This can be done by emptying the fuel
tank or chemical tank near the hot workplace
The confined space has to be well ventilated before entering. Enough time should be allowed to establish a
ventilation system to ensure that air containing enough oxygen to sustain life is introduced. Ventilation can either be n
Exposure to even 2 to 5 ppm hydrogen sulphide atmosphere can cause headache, nausea and teary eyesatural or
mechanical using blowers.
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Permit to work is to be valid only for a certain time period. If the time period expires then again
new permit is to be issued and the checklist is to be filled out.
Permit to work has to be checked and permitted by the Master of the ship in order to work in
confined space
Proper signs and Men at work signboards should be provided at required places so that person
should not start any equipment, machinery or any operation in the confined space endangering
the life of the people working
Duty officer has to be informed before entering the enclosed space
The checklist has to be signed by the person involved in entry and also by a competent officer
One person always has to be kept standby to communicate with the person inside the space.
Effective communication between the people inside the space and the person standing by is
vitally important. The communication system must be agreed and tested. The standby person
must, in turn, be able to communicate with the officer of the watch
The person may also carry a lifeline with him inside
The person should carry oxygen analyzer with him inside the enclosed space and it should be on
all the time to monitor the oxygen content. As soon as level drops, the analyzer should sound
alarmed and space should be evacuated quickly without any delay
ŸNo source of ignition has to be taken inside unless the Master or competent officer is satisfied
The number of persons entering should be constrained to the adequate number of persons who
are actually needed inside for work
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The rescue and resuscitation equipment are to be present outside the confined space. Rescue
equipment includes breathing air apparatus, spare charge bottles, stretchers, means of hoisting
an incapacitated person from the space like a tripod, rescue harness, portable lighting, etc.
*Related Read: How to Rescue a Person from a Confined Space on a Ship?
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Means of hoisting an incapacitated person should be available
Rescue Tripod – Image Credit: Paromita Mukherjee/ Marine Insight
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After finishing the work and when the person is out of the enclosed space, the after-work checklist
has to be filled
The permit to work has to be closed after this
The above-mentioned procedure is extremely important to enter an enclosed space. These points are
imperative to risk any crew member’s life while entering a confined space.
It is of paramount importance that enclosed space entry drills are carried out on board. Drills should be
realistic and effective and must involve the active participation of all crew members .
19.What is GMDSS
According to IMO (1999) the GMDSS represents a worldwide network of automated emergency
communications for ships at sea. SOLAS convention Chapter IV states that all ocean-going passenger
ships and cargo ships of 300 gross tonnage and upwards are required to carry radio equipment that
conforms to international standards. The main purpose of GMDSS is to prevent unanswered distress calls
and delay in Search and Rescue actions when distress situations occur. GMDSS assures “... that any
emergency at sea will result in a distress call and the response to that call will be immediate and
effective”
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INMARSAT – a global mobile satellite communication system providing two-way data and
messaging.
NAVTEX - an international automated service for delivery of navigational and meteorological
warnings, forecasts and urgent maritime safety information to ships.
Emergency position indicator radio beacon (EPIRB) – automated identification and locator
device for Search and Rescue operations.
Search and Rescue locating equipment – automatically leading Search and Rescue units to
the position of distress by signaling search and rescue radar transponders.
Digital selective calling (DSC) - a standard for sending pre-defined digital messages from
ship to ship, ship to shore and shore to ship.
VHF radios
DSC data, ATIS, frequency, power, VSWR and deviation.
Measuring frequency and power simultaneously.
MF/HF radios
Measuring DSC data and frequency simultaneously.
NAVTEX receivers
Reception of transmitted NAVTEX messages.
AIS transponders
Measuring AIS data, frequency, power and VSWR simultaneously on:
 Class A & B transponders
 AIS base stations
 Aircraft Search and Rescue transponders
 Aids to Navigation devices (AtoN)
Search and rescue transponders
Measuring Data & frequency on:
 EPIRB
 Man Over Board (MoB) devices
 AIS SART beacon data & frequenc
INMARSAT
17.What are procedure of working aloft, outside and enclosed space?
As a general rule, personnel should not be permitted to work overside when the vessel is underway
unless it is absolutely necessary and as determined by the Master.
1. Personnel under training shall not be assigned aloft or over side related jobs.
2. The power source to potential hazards such as ships whistle, radar, etc. should be isolated from
their power source and accidental activation prevented by the use of warning signs and / or
removal of fuses.
3. The area below the workspace should be, as far as possible cordoned off to prevent injury to
passerby due to falling debris / accidental dropping of objects.
4. Equipment to be used by the personnel working aloft or over side should be securely housed in
tool belts / bags. Tools / equipment that cannot be carried on a person should be hoisted to the
place of work in secure containers.
5. Staging/scaffoldings rigged should be inspected for any potentially dangerous defects. Only
equipment and ropes in good order should be used. Ladders must be safely secured against
slippage. Securing points should be of adequate strength.
6. Personal protection gear such as work harnesses, helmets, goggles, gloves appropriate to the job
being executed should be used by personnel involved in working aloft / over side.
7. Upon completion of the jobs, all equipment must be removed from the site and warning notices /
isolated systems restored to normal condition.
Concerned personnel must be notified of completion of the job.
Hazards Involved
1.
2.
3.
4.
Falling from a height or in the water when working overside or on ships deck.
Personal Injury whilst working on the Mast.
Personal injury by falling objects.
Fines/ Protests incurred due to non-compliance with Port Regulations
Control Measures to be taken while working Aloft or Overside
1. Proper PPE shall be donned at all times.
2. All equipment and ropes to be used for the job shall be thoroughly inspected.( Stages, Ropes used
for fixing staging, ropes used as lifelines, Safety Harness, Work Vests, Lines used for securing
tools and the Ladder).
3. Adequate non-skid shoes to be worn.
4. Ensure area is clear of any slipping hazard.
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Harness and lifeline to be used at all times.
Lifebuoy to be kept ready.
Rescue boat shall be ready for immediate deployment.
All concerned personnel to be informed.
Safety Line connected to the safety harness must have only sufficient slack to allow for free
movement of the personnel.
Weather / Vessels condition should be suitable for work.
Safety nets to be rigged were applicable.
Company-specific Working Aloft checklist to be complied with.
Follow safe practices as per COSWP.
Electrical connections shall be isolated prior to commencing work on electrical components and
EIC to be issued.
Display notices/ placards prohibiting the operation shall be placed at all controls of Ships whistle,
Radars, MH/HF device as applicable.
Sufficient personnel to attend the person working aloft at all times.
Whilst lowering any objects, safety lines/ buckets to be used.
Prior lowering any objects, ensure that all personnel in space are clear underneath.
If Painting is to be carried out within the jurisdiction of any port, approval must first be sought from
the port Authorities.
**In principle, when working aloft, bosun chairs, stage boards or scaffolding shall be prepared. Where
possible, staging or a ladder should be used and secured firmly.
A safety harness and lifeline must be used. If possible, a safety net should be rigged.
Tools should be carried up in secure containers or belts specially designed for carrying tools to prevent
them falling and causing injury to anyone.
The area below the work site is to be roped off with warning signs starting, `people working aloft.'
Care should also be taken when working aloft that tools are placed in secure positions to prevent them
dropping on anyone.
Hazards should be identified, such as, ship's whistle, radars, antennas, which should all be isolated while
aloft and `do not operate' signs placed.
A pre-work safety meeting to be conducted prior start of work. Work only to be commenced after
confirming below questionnery:
Have personnel carrying out the work been provided with adequate personal protective equipment?
Has the condition and strength of safety harnesses, lifelines, safety belts been confirmed and
adequate?
Are bosun chairs, stage boards, scaffoldings & ladders suitable for use and in good condition?
Has the condition and strength of ropes and lifelines been confirmed and adequate?
Has equipment been correctly and properly rigged and measures taken to prevent damage by chafing?
Have anti-falling measures for tools been taken?
Taking into account rolling period and wind speed, can the work be carried out safely?
Has traffic under the working site been prohibited?
Before working in vicinity of radar scanner, aerials, funnel & whistle, have concerned persons been
notified?
Are warning notices posted at proper places to avoid accident by use of such equipment during
working?
Is watchman posted where working crew is insufficient to take appropriate measures to prevent
accident?
If using portable ladders, have they been set correctly at suitable places?
***entering enclose space
Procedure for Entering an Enclosed Space
Risk assessment to be carried out by a competent officer as enclosed or confined space entry is
deficient in oxygen, making it a potential life hazard
Risk assessment is one of the core preparation tools for enclosed space entry.
A list of work to be done should be made for the ease of assessment for e.g. if welding to be carried
out or some pipe replacement etc. This helps in carrying out the work quickly and easily
Potential hazards are to be identified such as the presence of toxic gases
Opening and securing has to be done and precaution should be taken to check if the opening of
enclosed space is pressurized or not
All fire hazard possibilities should be minimized if hot work is to be carried out. This can be done by
emptying the fuel tank or chemical tank near the hot workplace
The confined space has to be well ventilated before entering. Enough time should be allowed to
establish a ventilation system to ensure that air containing enough oxygen to sustain life is introduced.
Ventilation can either be natural or mechanical using blowers.
What is an enclosed space
Before we discuss anything about enclosed space, we must define “enclosed space”. Is a deck store on
midship of the ship an enclosed space ?No, I never heard someone filling up permit for entering inside a
deck store. Then how do we decide what is an enclose space ?There are four elements, presence of any
one will make the space an “enclosed space”.Difficult to access.Poor or no fixed ventilation.Limited
space.Not designed for continuous occupancy
I earlier said that a person can die within 3 minutes without oxygen. That shows that in an emergency,
the rescue party or people outside have less than 3 minutes to bring the person out.
In this situation, if the rescue and first aid equipments are not ready at the entrance of the space, it is
impossible to save the person inside.
These equipments include but not be limited to
Self contained breathing apparatus
Portable oxygen resuscitator
First aid kit and
safety harness and lifeline
Emergency escape breathing apparatus
tripod for lifting the person out of the space
The presence of these equipment is not enough. People outside should also know how to use these.
For example, when a person who has been unconscious because of lack of oxygen in his body would need oxygen immediately.
The crew outside should know how to use the portable resuscitator. This will save the time in reading instructions ..
carrying EEBD inside the enclosed space while making entry
12. if there are fire caused by electric, wood, oil... What should you do?
10.what are fire fighting alam and man over board alam?
-General Alarm:The general emergency alarm on the ship is recognised by 7 short ringing of the bell followed by a
long ring or using the ship horn signal of 7 short blasts followed by 1 long blast.
-2) Fire Alarm on the Ship: Whenever there is fire detected on the vessel by its crew, he/she should raise the alarm
signal onboard ship by pressing the nearest fire switch or by loudly and continuously shouting “FIRE FIRE FIRE”. The
fire alarm signal onboard ship is sounded as the continuous ringing of ship’s electrical bell or continuous sounding of
ship’s horn.
-3) Man Overboard Alarm:The MOB alarm sound signal comprises of vessel’s internal alarm bell for 3 long rings to
notify the crew onboard, along with 3 long blasts on ship whistle to inform the other ships in the nearby vicinity.A man
overboard signal comprising of light and smoke can also be mounted in the bridge, attached by the side of the
lifebuoy, which when thrown in water will emit smoke and light to draw the attention of ship’s crew or other ship
around the vicin
-4) Abandon Ship Alarm: the signal for abandon ship is given verbally by the master to the station in-charge or the
crew on ship’s Personal Addressing (PA) system.More than six short blasts and one prolonged blast on the ship’s
whistle and same signal on the general alarm bell is used as abandon ship alarm or sound signal onboard ship. Carry
your lifejacket/ immersion suit to the designated muster stationCarry any additional items (Blanket/ ration/ water etc.)
as stated under the duty in the muster list
-5) Navigational Alarm:In the navigation bridge, most of the navigational equipment and navigation lights are fitted
with failure alarm. If any of these malfunctions, a ship alarm signal on the bridge will be sounded whose details
(location, equipment affected, type of problem etc.) will be displayed on the notification screen provided on the bridge
navigation panel.
The Muster List consists of duties and responsibilities in case of such mishaps, designated and
assigned to each person on the ship; in other words, it is a list of the functions each member of
a ship crew is required to perform in case of emergency.
8.what do you do with garbage on board?
Garbage segregation description to avoid intermixing of garbage which includes Identification of suitable
receptacles for collection & separation.
Brief about GMP
An approved garbage management plan must consist of the following-
Overview of Annex V of MARPOL.
List of equipments for handling garbage on ship.
Placards to be posted for disposal criteria.
Possible local recycling arrangements.
Written procedures for Collecting Garbage.
Garbage segregation description to avoid intermixing of garbage which includes Identification of suitable receptacles for
collection & separation.
Garbage processing methods available on the ship.
Garbage storing methods and garbage station.
Garbage disposal methods.
Entry to be made in garbage record book.
Emergency and accidental discharge criteria.
Needs of the reception facilities.
Identify the available operating & maintenance procedures of collecting equipment on board.
Identify the location of each collection point.
except those substances which are defined
The garbage produced onboard ships needs to be properly disposed of as stated by the MARPOL Annex V.
includes domestic, operational and all other types of victual waste, excluding fresh fish and parts thereof, generated during the
normal operation of the ship and liable to be disposed of continuously or periodically
Discharge of all garbage into the sea is prohibited except provided otherwise
The MARPOL Convention and domestic law prohibit the discharge of most garbage from ships. Only the following garbage
types are allowed to be discharged and under the specified conditions.
Outside Special Areas designated under MARPOL Annex V:
x Comminuted or ground food wastes (capable of passing through a screen with openings no larger than 25 millimetres) may be
discharged not less than 3 nautical miles from the nearest land.
x Other food wastes may be discharged not less than 12 nautical miles from the nearest land.
x Cargo residues classified as not harmful to the marine environment may be discharged not less than 12 nautical miles from the
nearest land.
x Cleaning agents or additives in cargo hold, deck and external surfaces washing water may be discharged only if they are not
harmful to the marine environment.
x With the exception of discharging cleaning agents in washing water, the ship must be en route and as far as practicable from
the nearest land.