Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname
Centre Number
Other names
Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel International Award in Lower Secondary
Time 1 hour 20 minutes
Paper
reference
LSC11/01
Science
„ „
Achievement Test
You must have:
Ruler, calculator
Total Marks
Instructions
black ink or ball-point pen.
• Use
Fill
in
boxes at the top of this page with your name,
• centrethe
number and candidate number.
all questions.
• Answer
the questions in the spaces provided
• Answer
– there may be more space than you need.
Information
total mark for this paper is 80.
• The
for each question are shown in brackets
• –Theusemarks
this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Candidates
may use a calculator.
•
Advice
each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Read
to answer every question.
• Try
Check
• your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P69460A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.
E:1/1/1
*P69460A0136*
SECTION A
Answer ALL questions.
For Questions 1–5 put a cross in one box to indicate your answer. If you change your mind, put
a line through the box and then put a cross in another box .
1 The diagram shows the digestive system.
X
Which part of the digestive system is labelled X?
A oesophagus
B pancreas
C small intestine
D stomach
(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)
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*P69460A0236*
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2 The diagram shows an outline of the Periodic Table.
Four areas have been shaded and labelled P, Q, R and S.
area P
area Q
area R
area S
Which area contains only non–metals?
A area P
B area Q
C area R
D area S
(Total for Question 2 = 1 mark)
3 Which is the correct chemical formula for sodium chloride?
A NaC
B NaCl
C SoCl
D SoCl2
(Total for Question 3 = 1 mark)
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*P69460A0336*
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4 Which of these is part of the circulatory system?
A the brain
B the capillaries
C the kidneys
D the pancreas
(Total for Question 4 = 1 mark)
5 Solar cells absorb energy from the Sun.
Sun
solar cells
How is this energy transferred from the Sun to the solar cells?
A by electricity
B by heating
C by forces
D by light waves
(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)
4
*P69460A0436*
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6 The box contains the names of three types of micro-organism.
bacteria
fungi
viruses
The table shows some of the parts each of these types of micro-organisms contain.
A tick () means that the organism does contain that part.
Complete the table by adding the name of each type of micro-organism to the
correct row of the table.
Micro-organism
Cell wall
Mitochondria
Nucleus
×
×
×
×
×
........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 6 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A0536*
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7 The diagram shows an outline of the Periodic Table.
Five elements have been labelled using the letters P, Q, R, S and T.
The letters are not the chemical symbols of the elements.
S
P
Q
R
T
Choose letters from the diagram to complete the sentences below.
(a) Elements
..............................
,
..............................
and
..............................
will have similar properties.
(1)
(b) Elements
..............................
,
..............................
and
..............................
are from the same period.
(1)
(Total for Question 7 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A0636*
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8 The diagram shows a simple food web.
blue tit
fox
ladybird
owl
greenfly
mouse
caterpillar
blackberry
plant
(a) (i) Give the name of an omnivore in this food web.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Give the name of a producer in this food web.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Describe what the arrows in a food web show.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 8 = 4 marks)
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*P69460A0736*
7
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9 Two plotting compasses are placed next to a bar magnet.
The arrowhead on the pointer of each compass is a north pole.
The compasses point in the direction shown.
...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pole
.............................................................
pole
bar magnet
plotting
compass
plotting
compass
Complete the diagram by labelling the two poles of the bar magnet.
(Total for Question 9 = 1 mark)
10 This is the chemical symbol for an atom of an element called chromium.
52
Cr
24
Complete these sentences.
(a) The mass number of this atom is . . . . . . . .......................................................
and its atomic number is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................. .
(1)
(b) The number of neutrons in this atom of chromium is .............................................................. .
(1)
(Total for Question 10 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A0836*
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11 The bulb in the circuit has a resistance of 30 Ω.
30 Ω
Each cell has a voltage of 1.5 V.
Calculate the size of the current that flows through the bulb.
Use the equation
voltage (V) = current (I) x resistance (R)
current = ............................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
(Total for Question 11 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A0936*
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12 The diagrams show two sound waves.
The scales on each diagram are the same.
wave A
time
wave B
time
State two ways in which wave A would sound different to wave B.
1 . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 12 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A01036*
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For Questions 13–17 put a cross in one box to indicate your answer. If you change your mind,
put a line through the box and then put a cross in another box .
13 What are the units for work done?
A amps (A)
B joules (J)
C metres per second (m/s)
D newtons (N)
(Total for Question 13 = 1 mark)
14 Which of these explains why the weight of an astronaut is less on the Moon than
on Earth?
A there is no atmosphere on the Moon
B the Moon’s gravitational field strength is smaller than the Earth’s
C the astronaut has more mass on the Earth than on the Moon
D there is no gravity on the Moon
(Total for Question 14 = 1 mark)
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*P69460A01136*
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15 If an object falls out of an aeroplane without a parachute, it will reach terminal velocity
and will hit the ground with a vertical speed of about 53 m/s.
Which of the following speed/time graphs shows how the vertical speed of the object
will change from leaving the plane until just before it hits the ground?
vertical
speed
53 m/s
A
time
vertical
speed
53 m/s
B
time
vertical
speed
53 m/s
C
time
vertical
speed
53 m/s
D
time
(Total for Question 15 = 1 mark)
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*P69460A01236*
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16 When a small piece of sodium is dropped into water there is a fast reaction.
The products of the reaction are sodium hydroxide solution and a colourless gas.
This is an incomplete equation for the reaction.
2H2O + 2Na o 2NaOH + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Which of these will correctly complete the equation?
A 2O
B 2H
C H2
D O2
(Total for Question 16 = 1 mark)
17 Which of these is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
A CO2 + H2O o C6H12O6 + O2
B 6CO2 + 6H2O o C6H12O6 + 6O2
C 6CO2 + H2O o C6H12O6 + O2
D CO2 + 6H2O o C6H12O6 + 6O
(Total for Question 17 = 1 mark)
18 Name two parts of a cell that are found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
1 . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 18 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A01336*
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19 This symbol on a material means that it is biodegradable.
(a) State what is meant by biodegradable.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Many products are made of non-biodegradable plastics.
(i) Give one example of a problem caused by the use of non-biodegradable
plastics.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) State one way of reducing the problems caused by the use of
non-biodegradable plastics.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 19 = 3 marks)
20 Exercise causes an increase of the pulse rate.
Explain why it is important that this increase happens.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 20 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A01436*
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21 The diagram shows two objects, A and B, in water.
Object A has a bigger volume than object B.
The weight of both objects is 100 N.
Object A floats on the water but object B sinks.
upthrust
object A
water
100 N
object B
100 N
(a) State the size of the upthrust force that acts on object A.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Explain why object B sinks.
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 21 = 3 marks)
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*P69460A01536*
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22 The box contains the names of some materials.
glass
gold
MDF
porcelain
rubber
salt
Use words from the box to complete these sentences.
(a)
........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
is an element.
(1)
(b)
........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
is a polymer.
(1)
(Total for Question 22 = 2 marks)
23 The diagram shows a wheelbarrow.
effort force
axle
90 cm
(a) The perpendicular distance between the effort force and the axle is 90 cm.
What is this distance in metres?
(1)
...............................
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*P69460A01636*
m
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(b) To use the wheelbarrow the effort force must produce a moment or turning effect
of 18 Nm about the axle.
Calculate the size of the effort force.
Use the equation
moment = force × perpendicular distance
(2)
effort force = ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N
(Total for Question 23 = 3 marks)
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*P69460A01736*
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For Questions 24–28 put a cross in one box to indicate your answer. If you change your mind,
put a line through the box and then put a cross in another box .
24 What is the function of a vein?
A to carry blood towards the heart
B to carry blood away from the heart
C to carry oxygenated blood to the brain
D to pump blood around the body
(Total for Question 24 = 1 mark)
25 When a metal carbonate reacts with an acid the products are a salt, water and
carbon dioxide.
Which is the correct equation for the reaction between copper carbonate and
hydrochloric acid?
A CuCO3 + HCl o CuCl2 + H2O + CO2
B CuCO3 + 2HCl o CuCl2 + H2O + CO2
C CuCO3 + 2HCl o CuCl2 + 2H2O + CO2
D CuCO3 + HCl o CuCl2 + H2O + 2CO2
(Total for Question 25 = 1 mark)
26 There are many factors that affect the growth of a living organism within its
environment.
Which of these is an abiotic factor?
A competition with other organisms
B disease
C light intensity
D the presence of predators
(Total for Question 26 = 1 mark)
18
*P69460A01836*
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27 Which of these particles have a charge and are found in the nucleus of atoms?
A protons and neutrons only
B electrons, protons and neutrons
C neutrons only
D protons only
(Total for Question 27 = 1 mark)
28 The diagram shows two charged spheres.
Which of these statements is true?
A the spheres will attract each other because they both have the same charge
B the spheres will repel each other because they both have the same charge
C the spheres will try to spin
D nothing will happen
(Total for Question 28 = 1 mark)
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*P69460A01936*
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29 (a) Surface area, volume and the surface area to volume ratio play an important part
in the function of living organisms.
The table gives the surface area and the volume of three different animals.
Surface area (cm2)
mouse
dog
elephant
Volume (cm3)
24.0
8.0
14168.7
108990.0
138240.0
3456000.0
This data can be used to calculate the surface area to volume ratio for each
animal.
Draw one straight line from each animal to its surface area to volume ratio.
(2)
animal
surface area to volume
ratio
0.04
mouse
0.13
dog
0.33
3.0
elephant
25.0
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*P69460A02036*
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(b) The leaves of cactus plants found in desert areas have a low surface area to
volume ratio.
State one advantage of the leaves of cactus plants in desert areas having a low
surface area to volume ratio.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 29 = 3 marks)
30 Phenolphthalein is an indicator that has a different colour in acids and alkalis.
blue
colourless
green
orange
pink
yellow
Use words from the box to complete these statements about the colour of
phenolphthalein.
(a) When phenolphthalein is added to an alkali it is ......................................................................................... .
(b) When phenolphthalein is added to an acid it is ........................................................................................... .
(Total for Question 30 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A02136*
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31 The bullet train in Japan is designed to travel fast.
(Source: All Canada Photos / Alamy Stock Photo)
Explain how the shape of the train helps it achieve a high speed.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 31 = 2 marks)
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*P69460A02236*
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32 The graph shows how the average population of rabbits and foxes in an area
changed.
During 2019 the fox population was almost completely killed by disease.
1400
Average 1200
population 1000
rabbits
800
600
foxes
400
200
2017
2018
2019
(a) What would be expected to happen to the population of rabbits during 2019?
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(b) What would be expected to happen to the population of rabbits after 2019?
(1)
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(Total for Question 32 = 2 marks)
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33 There are different types of chemical reaction.
Draw one straight line from each type of chemical reaction to its description.
type of reaction
description
breaking down a
compound using heat
endothermic
a reaction that
produces an acidic
solution
thermal
decomposition
a reaction that gives
out heat energy
exothermic
a reaction that
produces a neutral
solution
a reaction that takes
in energy from the
surroundings
(Total for Question 33 = 2 marks)
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34 A car completes a journey of 270 km in 4 hours and 30 minutes.
Calculate the average speed of the car in km/hr.
Use the equation
average speed = distance travelled ÷ time taken
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average speed = … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … km/hr
(Total for Question 34 = 2 marks)
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35 A student investigates the reactions of four different metals, A, B, C and D.
These are the student’s results.
•
Metal B reacts more quickly with dilute acid than metals A, C and D.
•
When metal C is heated with the oxide of metal A, it displaces metal A.
•
Metal D does not displace any of the other metals from their aqueous
salt solutions.
Use these results to place the four metals, A, B, C and D, in order of reactivity.
most reactive
………………………………………
………………………………………
………………………………………
………………………………………
(Total for Question 35 = 2 marks)
TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 60 MARKS
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SECTION B
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
36 A student investigates how the friction force between a box and the surface it rests
on is affected by weights in the box.
The diagram shows the apparatus the student uses.
force-meter
box
weights
pull
surface
100
N
0
N
The student pulls on the force-meter and measures the force needed to make the
box move. This force gives a measure of the friction force between the box and
the surface.
The table shows the student’s results.
Weight of box
and weights
in newtons (N)
Force needed to
move the box
in newtons (N)
20
14.0
40
28.0
60
42.0
80
66.0
100
……………………………
120
84.0
(a) The diagram shows the results when the weight of the box and weights is 100N.
Use this information to complete the table of results.
(1)
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(b) A graph has been plotted using some of the results from the table.
(i) Plot the result for 100 N.
(1)
(ii) Circle any anomalous results on the graph.
(1)
(iii) Draw a line of best fit.
(1)
90
×
80
70
×
60
Force
needed to
move the
box in
newtons (N)
50
×
40
30
×
20
×
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Weight of box and weights in newtons (N)
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(c) How could the results of the investigation be made more reliable?
(1)
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(d) (i) What is the relationship between the weight of the box and weights and the
force needed to move it?
(1)
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(ii) How would the line on the graph be different if the investigation was carried
out with the box resting on a rougher surface?
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(Total for Question 36 = 7 marks)
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37 A student notices that when a metal reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, there is an
increase in temperature.
The student investigates if different metals give different increases in temperature.
The student uses this apparatus and four different metals.
thermometer
25 cm3 dilute
hydrochloric acid
beaker
These are the steps in the student’s method. They are not in the correct order.
A: add a piece of metal to the dilute hydrochloric acid
B: record the highest temperature reached in the beaker
C: record the starting temperature of the dilute hydrochloric acid
D: repeat the first five steps of the method for the other three metals
E: pour 25 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid into the beaker
F: stir carefully with a thermometer
(a) Complete the flowchart below by putting the steps for this method into the
correct order.
The first and final steps have been done for you.
(2)
E
D
(b) (i) Suggest the apparatus the student should use for measuring the 25 cm3 of
dilute hydrochloric acid.
(1)
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(ii) Suggest one safety precaution the student should take because they are
using a dilute acid and give a reason for your answer.
Safety precaution
(1)
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. . . . . . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reason
(1)
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(c) (i) What is the dependent variable in this investigation?
(1)
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(ii) State two variables that need to be controlled in this investigation.
(2)
1 . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(iii) Give a suggestion for another investigation of the reaction between the
different metals and dilute hydrochloric acid, which could be carried out using
the apparatus in the diagram.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 37 = 9 marks)
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*P69460A03336*
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38 A scientist has been asked to test the effectiveness of two anti-bacterial kitchen
cleaning liquids.
The cleaning liquids are labelled Cleaning Liquid A and Cleaning Liquid B.
Cleaning
Liquid A
Cleaning
Liquid B
The scientist takes samples of bacteria from two tabletops.
The scientist takes samples of the bacteria from each of the tabletops before and
after the surfaces have been cleaned with the cleaning liquids.
The samples are then analysed for the number of bacteria they contain.
The bar chart shows the results.
300
250
200
Number of
bacteria in
thousands
150
100
50
0
Before
After
Cleaning Liquid A
34
Before
After
Cleaning Liquid B
*P69460A03436*
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(a) How many bacteria are killed by Cleaning Liquid A?
(1)
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(b) It is predicted that both cleaning liquids will kill bacteria, but that Cleaning Liquid
B is more effective at killing bacteria than Cleaning Liquid A.
Explain how well the results support this prediction.
(3)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 38 = 4 marks)
TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 20 MARKS
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS
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