Title: Obesity among Children and Adolescents in London: A Review of the Literature
Table of Contents:
I. Introduction
II. Prevalence of Obesity in Children and Adolescents in London
III. Factors Contributing to Childhood Obesity in London
IV. Health Consequences of Childhood Obesity
V. Prevention and Management of Childhood Obesity in London
VI. Conclusion
VII. References
I. Introduction:
Childhood obesity has become a significant public health concern in many countries worldwide,
including the United Kingdom. In London, the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents
has increased significantly in recent years, making it a pressing issue for policymakers, healthcare
professionals, and the general public. This research paper aims to provide an overview of the
prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in London, the factors contributing to this
problem, and the health consequences of childhood obesity. Additionally, this paper discusses the
prevention and management strategies that have been implemented to address childhood obesity in
London.
II. Prevalence of Obesity in Children and Adolescents in London:
The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in London has been increasing over the
past decade. According to a report by the London Health Observatory, the prevalence of overweight
and obesity in children aged 4-5 years increased from 21.0% in 2006/07 to 23.4% in 2016/17.
Similarly, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 10-11 years increased from
33.9% in 2006/07 to 38.8% in 2016/17 (Public Health England, 2018).
III. Factors Contributing to Childhood Obesity in London:
Several factors have been identified as contributing to the high prevalence of childhood obesity in
London. These include unhealthy diets, lack of physical activity, and socioeconomic factors. Many
children in London consume diets that are high in sugar, salt, and fat, which can lead to weight gain.
Additionally, many children in London do not engage in enough physical activity, which can
contribute to obesity. Finally, socioeconomic factors such as poverty and social deprivation can also
contribute to obesity by limiting access to healthy foods and opportunities for physical activity.
IV. Health Consequences of Childhood Obesity:
Childhood obesity can have serious health consequences, both in the short term and the long term.
In the short term, obesity can lead to a range of health problems, including type 2 diabetes, high
blood pressure, and sleep apnea. In the long term, obesity can increase the risk of developing a
range of chronic diseases, including heart disease, stroke, and certain types of cancer. Additionally,
childhood obesity can have significant psychological consequences, including low self-esteem and
depression.
V. Prevention and Management of Childhood Obesity in London:
Several strategies have been implemented to prevent and manage childhood obesity in London.
These include promoting healthy eating and physical activity in schools and communities, increasing
access to healthy foods, and providing support for families to make healthy lifestyle choices.
Additionally, healthcare professionals play a crucial role in the prevention and management of
childhood obesity by providing screening and counseling services for children and families.
VI. Conclusion:
Childhood obesity is a significant public health concern in London, with high prevalence rates and
serious health consequences. The factors contributing to childhood obesity in London are complex,
and addressing this problem requires a multifaceted approach that involves policymakers,
healthcare professionals, and the general public. Strategies aimed at promoting healthy eating and
physical activity, increasing access to healthy foods, and providing support for families can help
prevent and manage childhood obesity in London.
VII. References:
1. Public Health England. (2018). National Child Measurement Program: England, 2016/17 school
year. Retrieved from https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/nationalchild-measurement-program