NEUROCOGNITIVE
DISORDER
CHAPTER
15
donnah vie m. constantino, rsw
NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER
➢
a progressive condition marked by gradual deterioration
of a range of cognitive abilities.
2 classes of cognitive disorders:
✓ Delirium
Neurocognitive Disorder
✓ &Mild
Major Neurocognitive Disorder
Major Neurocognitive Disorder
(Dementia)
is a gradual deterioration of brain
functioning that affects memory, judgment,
language, and other advanced cognitive
processes.
Mild Neurocognitive Disorder
Is a new DSM-5 disorder that was created to focus
attention on the early stages of cognitive decline.
Here the person has modest impairments in
cognitive abilities but can, with some
accommodations (for example, making extensive
lists of things to do or creating elaborate
schedules), continue to function independently.
TYPES OF
NEUROCOGNITIVE
DISORDERS
DELIRIUM
➢
Impaired consciousness and cognition
for several hours or days. (confusion,
disorientation, inability to focus.)
➢
Most prevalent among older
adults,people with AIDS, and patients on
medication.
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Increasing memory impairment another
multiple behavioral and cognitive deficits,
affecting language, motor functioning,
ability to recognize people or things,
and/or planning.
Cognitive disturbances:
Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia
-(difficulty with language)
-(impaired motor functioning)
-(failure to recognize objects),
-is one of the most familiar
symptoms.
*Facial Agnosia
- Inability to recognize
even familiar faces.
SUBSTANCE-INDUCED
caused by brain damage due to prolonged
drug use, especially in combination with
poor diet, as in alcohol dependency; other
substances may includes inhalants, and the
sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic drugs.
VASCULAR DISEASE
➢ Permanent deterioration due to blocked or
damaged blood vessels in the brain (Stroke).
➢ Symptoms include declines in speed of
information processing and executive
functioning (eg. Complex decision making)
and may also include problems with walking
and weakness of limbs.
➢ Treatment focuses on coping
OTHER MEDICAL CONDITIONS
Similar in effect of other cognitive disorder, but
cause by:
➢ HEAD TRAUMA
➢ LEWY BODIES,HIV,PARKINSON’S
➢ HUNTINGSON’S, PICK’S
➢ HYDROCEPHALUS,HYPOTHYROIDISM
➢ BRAIN TUMOR, AND VITAMIN B12
➢ DEFICIENCY
OTHER MEDICAL CONDITIONS
➢ Frontotemporal Neurocognitive Disorder
1. Picks Disease
2. Traumatic brain injury
➢ Neurocognitive Disorder due to Lewy body disease
➢ Neurocognitive Disorder due to Parkinson’s disease
➢ Neurocognitive Disorder due to HIV
➢ Neurocognitive Disorder due to hunting disease
➢ Neurocognitive Disorder due to Prion disease
1. Creutfeldt Jakob disease
Causes of Neurocognitive
Disorders
DEPRESSION
Abuse of DRUGS
or ALCOHOL
Variety of
TRAUMAS to the
brain like STROKE
INFECTION
Symptoms
Symptoms can differ based on the disease. In general,
organic brain syndrome causes:
Agitation
Long-term loss
of brain function
(dementia)
Severe, short-term
loss of brain function
(delirium)
Confusion
Treatment
Psychosocial Intervention
Recommended first line of
treatment for a person
experiencing delirium.
Psychopharma
Haloperidol and Olanzapine
-for acute delirium
Goals of Treatment
1
Trying to prevent certain conditions, such
as substance abuse or strokes, that may
bring on neurocognitive disorder
2
3
Trying to delay the onset of
symptoms to provide better
quality of life
Attempting to help these individuals
and their caregivers pe the advancing
deterioration
Prevention
➢Proper medical care for illness and
therapeutic drug monitoring can plan
significant roles in preventing
DELIRIUM
➢Control blood pressure
➢ Do not Smoke
➢ Active physical and social
life
QUIZ
01
(1907) German psychiatrist, who
first described the disorder that
bears his name.
02
is characterized by impaired consciousness
and cognition during the course of several
hours or days.
One of the earliest recognized mental
disorders
03
is a new DSM-5 disorder
that was created to focus attention
on the early stages of cognitive
decline
04
Neurocognitive disorder due to
Alzheimer’s disease rarely
occurs in people under what
years of age
05
What age are susceptible to
developing delirium as a result of
mild infections or medication
changes
06
a person with Alzhiemer’s diseases
experience this syndrome as a result of
fatigue or a disturbance in the brain’s
biological clock. Their difficulties become
more pronounced late in the day
07
is a gradual deterioration of brain
functioning that affects memory,
judgment, language, and other
advanced cognitive processes.
08
Timmy’s elderly grandmother does
not recognize her own home any
more. What symptom of Demetia is
best describe.
09
He can no longer recognizes
Allen when he visits, even
though he is his grandson.
10
David can no longer
complete, coherent
sentences.
THANK YOU!
—Donnah Vie M. Constantino
A picture is worth a
thousand words
“This is a quote, words full of
wisdom that someone important
said and can make the reader get
inspired.”
—Someone Famous