Bonewit: Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants, 8th Edition
Chapter 16: Urinalysis
Test Bank
CAAHEP Cognitive (Knowledge Base)
I. Anatomy and Physiology
1. Describe structural organization of the human body
2. Identify body systems
4. List major organs in each body system
5. Describe the normal function of each body system
6. Identify common pathology related to each body system
8. Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained
9. Describe implications for treatment related to pathology
II. Applied Mathematics
7. Analyze charts, graphs, and/or tables in the interpretation of health care results
III. Applied Microbiology/Infection Control
10. Identify disease processes that are indications for CLIA-waived tests
IV. Concepts of Effective Communication
10. Diagram medical terms, labeling the word parts
11. Define both medical terms and abbreviations related to all body systems
ABHES Content Competencies:
2. Anatomy and Physiology
b. Introduction to anatomy and physiology
c. Body systems
d. Common diseases, diagnoses, and treatments
3. Medical Terminology
a. Basic structure of medical words
b. Word element combinations
c. Medical terms for specialities
9. Medical Office Clinical Procedures
f. Test results
p. Patient instructions
10. Medical Laboratory Procedures
a. Quality control
b. CLIA-waived tests
d. Specimens
e. Patient instructions (collection of urine and feces)
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Choose the best answer.
Each question if worth 1.5 points
1. Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?
a Removal of waste products from the blood
.
b
.
c
.
d
.
Regulation of the fluid balance of the body
Regulation of the temperature of the body
Regulation of the electrolyte balance of the body
ANS: C
2. The function of the urinary bladder is to
a Dilute toxic waste products
.
b Store and expel urine
.
c Reabsorb substances needed by the body
.
d Regulate body metabolism
.
ANS: B
3. The external opening of the urethra is known as the
a Urinary meatus
.
b Urinary sphincter
.
c Renal meatus
.
d External os
.
ANS: A
4. In the female, the urethra functions in
a Transporting urine
.
b Controlling urine excretion
.
c Balancing fluids and electrolytes
.
d Transporting urine and reproductive secretions
.
e All of the above
.
ANS: A
5. What is the term for the functional unit of the kidney?
a
.
b
.
c
.
d
.
Glomerulus
Ureter
Renal pelvis
Nephron
ANS: D
6. How much urine does the normal adult excrete each day?
a 250 to 500 mL
.
b 500 to 1000 mL
.
c 750 to 2000 mL
.
d 1 to 3 liters
.
ANS: C
7. Polyuria may be caused by
a Excessive intake of fluids
.
b Consumption of caffeine
.
c Diabetes mellitus
.
d Taking a diuretic
.
e All of the above
.
ANS: E
8. Which of the following does not result in oliguria?
a Profuse perspiration
.
b Vomiting
.
c Diarrhea
.
d Edema
.
ANS: D
9. Which of the following normally contain microorganisms?
a Kidneys
.
b Ureters
.
c Urinary meatus
.
d Urinary bladder
.
ANS: C
10. Which of the following tests requires a clean-catch midstream specimen?
a Urine pregnancy testing
.
b Microscopic examination of urine sediment
.
c Urine drug testing
.
d Urine culture
.
ANS: D
11. When collecting a clean-catch midstream urine specimen, a front-to-back motion is used to
cleanse the urinary meatus to
a Avoid drawing microorganisms from the anal region into the area being cleansed
.
b Avoid contaminating the distal urethra
.
c Prevent patient discomfort during the cleansing process
.
d Prevent the cleaning solution from irritating the urinary meatus
.
ANS: A
12. When collecting a clean-catch midstream urine specimen, a small amount of urine is voided into
the toilet before obtaining the specimen to
a Remove pathogens from the bladder
.
b Ensure the collection of an adequate amount of urine
.
c Prevent irritation of the urethra
.
d Flush microorganisms out of the distal urethra
.
ANS: D
13. A 24-hour urine specimen may be collected to
a Detect the presence of liver disease
.
b Diagnose a UTI
.
c Determine the cause of kidney stone formation
.
d Determine if a patient has diabetes mellitus
.
ANS: C
14. A urinalysis may be performed to
a Diagnose a pathological condition
.
b Treat a patient’s condition
.
c Screen a patient for the presence of disease
.
d Evaluate the effectiveness of therapy
.
e All of the above
.
ANS: B
15. What is included in a complete urinalysis?
a A physical examination of urine
.
b A chemical examination of urine
.
c Microscopic examination of urine sediment
.
d All of the above
.
ANS: D
16. What occurs if a urine specimen is allowed to stand for more than 1 hour at room temperature?
a It becomes cloudy.
.
b The pH becomes more acidic.
.
c The specific gravity decreases.
.
d Pathogens are destroyed.
.
ANS: A
17. What does it mean if a urine specimen is light yellow?
a White blood cells are present in the urine specimen.
.
b The urine specimen does not contain many dissolved substances.
.
c The pH of the urine specimen is slightly acidic.
.
d Bacteria are present in the urine specimen.
.
ANS: B
18. The presence of bile pigments in a urine specimen causes the specimen to be
a Light amber
.
b Foul-smelling
.
c Yellow-brown
.
d Red
.
ANS: C
19. If a freshly voided specimen is cloudy, it means that
a A urinary tract infection may be present
.
b The specimen has remained in the bladder too long
.
c Nitrates are present in the specimen
.
d Improper technique was used to collect the specimen
.
ANS: A
20. What odor does a urine specimen have if it has been allowed to stand at room temperature for
long time?
a Ammonia
.
b Slightly aromatic
.
c Fruity
.
d Foul-smelling
.
ANS: A
21. Which of the following test results indicates a concentrated urine specimen?
a pH: 6
.
b Red blood cells: 3/HPF
.
c Protein: trace
.
d Ketone bodies: 1
.
e Specific gravity: 1.025
.
ANS: E
22. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative test result?
a Trace
.
b Small
.
c 2
.
d 500 mg/dL
.
e Positive
.
ANS: D
23. Which of the following substances is normally present in urine?
a Ketones
.
b Urea
.
c Leukocytes
.
d Bilirubin
.
e All of the above
.
ANS: B
24. The pH of most urine specimens is
a Acidic
.
b Alkaline
.
c
.
d
.
Neutral
Negative
ANS: A
25. A pH reading of 8 means that the urine specimen is
a Acidic
.
b Alkaline
.
c Neutral
.
d Contaminated
.
ANS: B
26. When a patient has a urinary tract infection, all of the following tests may be positive except
a Nitrite
.
b Protein
.
c Ketone bodies
.
d Leukocytes
.
ANS: C
27. Which of the following urine tests may be positive when a patient has undiagnosed diabetes
mellitus?
a Glucose
.
b Protein
.
c Nitrite
.
d Bilirubin
.
e All of the above
.
ANS: A
28. What is the term for the presence of ketone bodies in the urine?
a Acidosis
.
b
.
c
.
d
.
Alimentary glycosuria
Ketosis
Ketonuria
ANS: D
29. Which of the following urine tests may be positive when a patient has hepatitis?
a Glucose
.
b Protein
.
c Bilirubin
.
d Ketone bodies
.
ANS: C
30. Blood may normally be present in the urine because of
a Pregnancy
.
b Cystitis
.
c Menstruation
.
d Vigorous physical exercise
.
ANS: C
31. The type of specimen that should be used to test for the presence of nitrite in the urine is a
a Specimen that has been left standing at room temperature for one-half hour
.
b 24-hour urine specimen
.
c Freshly voided random specimen
.
d First-voided morning specimen
.
ANS: D
32. How should urine reagent strips be stored?
a In a cool area
.
b
.
c
.
d
.
e
.
In a dark container
In a dry area
With the cap tightly closed
All of the above
ANS: E
33. Which of the following represents an error in technique when testing a urine specimen with a
reagent strip?
a Using a freshly voided urine specimen
.
b Touching the reagent areas with the fingers
.
c Completely immersing the reagent areas in the urine specimen
.
d Holding the reagent strip in a horizontal position when reading results
.
e None of the above
.
ANS: B
34. Why is a first-voided morning specimen preferred for performing a microscopic examination of
urine?
a It is more dilute.
.
b It contains more dissolved substances.
.
c It contains more abnormal substances.
.
d It contains fewer microorganisms.
.
ANS: B
35. What effect does concentrated urine have on red blood cells?
a It causes them to swell and become rounded.
.
b It has no effect on them.
.
c It causes them to shrink and become crenated.
.
d It causes them to develop hypochromia.
.
ANS: C
36. When performing a microscopic examination of urine, the presence of how many white blood
cells/HPF is considered normal?
a 0 to 8
.
b 0 to 15
.
c 0 to 20
.
d 2 to 6
.
ANS: A
37. Casts are formed
a In the ureters
.
b In the lumen of the nephron tubules
.
c In the urinary bladder
.
d In Bowman’s capsule
.
ANS: B
38. Which of the following is usually found in the urine sediment of a patient with candidiasis?
a Parasites
.
b Yeast
.
c Bacteria
.
d Casts
.
ANS: B
39. A urine culture is used in the diagnosis of
a An injury to the urinary system
.
b Kidney stones
.
c A urinary tract infection
.
d Diabetes mellitus
.
ANS: C
40. After a urine culture has been inoculated, it must be
a Sprayed with a fixative
.
b Placed in the refrigerator for 4 to 6 hours
.
c Stored at room temperature for 8 to 12 hours
.
d Incubated for 18 to 24 hours
.
ANS: D
41. What is the name of the hormone present only in the urine and blood of a pregnant woman?
a Estrogen
.
b Progesterone
.
c HCGH
.
d Human chorionic gonadotropin
.
e Testosterone
.
ANS: D
42. Which of the following represents an error in technique when performing a urine pregnancy
test?
a A clean specimen container is used to collect the specimen.
.
b A first-voided morning specimen is used to run the test.
.
c The urine specimen is at room temperature.
.
d The specific gravity of the specimen is 1.003.
.
e None of the above
.
ANS: D
43. If the internal control of a urine pregnancy test does not perform as expected, the test results are
interpreted as
a Invalid
.
b Positive
.
c
.
d
.
Negative
Weakly reactive
ANS: A
MATCHING
MEDICAL TERMS
Directions: Match each definition with its medical term. Not all of the medical terms are used.
Medical Terms
a Anuria
.
b Diuresis
.
c Dysuria
.
d Frequency
.
e Glycosuria
.
f. Hematuria
g Micturition
.
h Nocturia
.
i. Nocturnal enuresis
j. Oliguria
k Polyuria
.
l. Pyuria
m Retention
.
n Urgency
.
o Urinary incontinence
.
Definitions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Difficult or painful urination
Presence of blood in the urine
Presence of pus in the urine
Presence of sugar in the urine
Inability to empty the bladder; the urine is being produced normally by the kidneys, but is
not being voided
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Immediate need to urinate
Inability to control urination at night (bedwetting)
Failure of the kidneys to produce urine
Excessive (voluntary) urination during the night
Need to urinate often
Normal act of voiding urine
Inability to retain urine in the bladder
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
ANS:
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C
F
L
E
M
N
I
A
H
D
G
O
WORD PARTS
Directions: Match each word part meaning with its correct word part.
Word Part
a an.
b bilirubin/o
.
c dys.
d glyc/o
.
e hemat/o
.
f. keton/o
g noct/i
.
h olig/o
.
i. -osis
j. poly
k py/o
.
l. ur/o
Meaning of Word Part
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Without, absence of
Urine
Bilirubin
Difficult, labored, painful
Pus
Blood
Ketone
Abnormal condition
Night
Scanty, few
Many
Sugar
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
ANS:
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ANS:
A
L
B
C
K
E
F
I
G
H
J
D