Module 3 – Technical Publications
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Legislations
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Air Mail Act of 1925 – to have private
companies carrying mail and promote
commercialization.
Air Commerce Act of 1926 – required
registration of aircraft and licensing of pilots
and mechanics
Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 – created the
Civil Aeronautics Administration and Civil
Aeronautics Board which established and
enforced all regulations pertaining to civil
aviation.
Federal Aviation Act of 1958 – repealed the
Civil Aeronautics Act and created the Federal
Aviation Agency. The agency was brought into
the Department of Transportation in 1967 and
renamed the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA).
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Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs)
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Primary regulatory tools of the FAA
Notice of Proposed Rule Making
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Proposal formulated and published in the
Federal Register when the FAA wants to adopt
a new rule or regulation
Maintenance FARs
1. FAR Part 01, Definitions and Abbreviations
2. FAR Part 13, Investigation and Enforcement
Procedures
3. FAR Par 21, Certification Procedures for
Products and Parts
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Lists the requirements for establishing
and maintaining the certification of
aircraft and components
Type Certificate
o Lists all pertinent information on
an aircraft or accessory design.
Airworthiness Certificate
o Document issued to an aircraft
that is in conformity of the
standards for service.
o Stays with the aircraft throughout
its service life and is transferred
when ownership changes.
o Validity depends on an aircraft’s
regular and proper maintenance.
Technical Standard Orders (TSOs)
o Set of specifications that call for
parts to meet certain quality
standards.
o TSO stamp means that the part
meets FAA requirements for
manufacturing quality, and is
approved for installation on
aircraft.
o If a TSO part is called for by the
aircraft manufacturer, installation
of a noncertified item can
invalidate the aircraft’s
airworthiness certificate
Parts Manufacturing Approval (PMA)
o Obtained by companies from the
FAA to produce replacement
parts
4. FAR Part 23, Airworthiness Standards, Normal,
Utility and Acrobatic Aircraft
 Describes in detail the performance
characteristics various aircrafts must
demonstrate to be airworthy.
 Specifies requirements for every
component and system installed on an
aircraft, often down to the smallest detail
 Can be used by maintenance
technicians to verify that a particular
aircraft or component is in conformity
with its type certificate.
 Example: When cockpit instruments are
repaired or replaced, the technician
installing the instrument must check that
the range markings painted on the
instrument face are correct. The
aircraft’s approved flight manual gives
the correct operating speeds and ranges
for the particular model.
 Specifies color codes and instrument
face markings that must be on all flight
engine instruments.
5. FAR Part 25, Airworthiness Standards,
Transport Category Airplanes
6. FAR Part 27, Airworthiness Standards, Normal
Category Rotorcraft
7. FAR Part 33, Airworthiness Standards: Aircraft
Engines
8. FAR Part 35, Airworthiness Standards:
Propellers
9. FAR Part 39, Airworthiness Directives
 Issued by the FAA when an unsafe
condition exists with an aircraft, engine,
propeller, or accessory to notify
concerned parties of the condition and
to describe the appropriate corrective
action.
 No person may operate an aircraft to
which an AD applies, except in
accordance with the requirements of
that AD.
 Compliance is mandatory, and the time
in which the compliance must take place
is listed within the AD.
 Information provided in an AD is
considered approved data for the
purpose of the AD.
10. FAR Part 43, Maintenance, Preventive
Maintenance, Rebuilding and Alterations
 One of the most critical sections for the
aviation technician to study
 Outlines the fundamental standards for
aircraft inspection, maintenance, and
repair, as well as all record keeping
requirements.
 Repair
o An operation that restores an
item to a condition of practical
operation or to original condition
 Alteration
o Any change in the configuration
or design of an aircraft.
 Major Repair
o If improperly done, might
appreciably affect weight,
balance, structural strength,
performance, powerplant
operation, flight characteristics, or
other airworthiness factors.
o Cannot be performed using
elementary operations
 Major Alteration
o Alteration not listed in the
product’s specification that might
affect the product’s performance
in a similar fashion to a major
repair.
 Minor Repair and Alteration
o Those that are not major repairs
and alterations.
 Preventive Maintenance
o Consists of preservation, upkeep,
and the simple, replacement of
small parts
o FARs allow licensed airmen other
than maintenance personnel to
perform preventive maintenance
 Inspection Checklists
o Lists the criteria for performing
inspections and specifically states
that a checklist which meets the
minimum requirements listed in
FAR 43 Appendix D must be
used for all annual and 100-hour
inspection
11. FAR Part 45, Identification and Registration
Markings
12. FAR Part 47, Aircraft Registration
13. FAR Part 65, Certification: Airmen other than
Flight Crewmembers
 Discusses the certification requirements
as well as the privileges and limitations
for aviation maintenance technicians.
14. FAR Part 91, General Operating and Flight
Rules
 Contains the regulations governing the
maintenance, preventive maintenance,
and alteration of U.S. registered aircraft.
 Subpart E
o Outlines the inspections that must
be performed on all aircraft.
 Annual Inspections
 100-Hour Inspections
 Progressive Inspections
 Continuous Inspection Programs
 Altimeter and Static System Checks
 Transponder Checks
 Emergency Locator Check
15. FAR Part 121, Certification and Operations:
Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Air Carriers
and Commercial Operators of Large Aircraft
16. FAR Part 125, Certification and Operations:
Airplanes having a seating capacity of 20 or
more passengers, or a maximum pay load
capacity of 6,000 lbs or more
17. FAR Part 127, Certification and Operations of
Scheduled Aircraft Carriers with Helicopters
18. FAR Part 135, Air Taxi Operators and
Commercial Operators
19. FAR Part 137, Agricultural Aircraft Operators
20. FAR Part 145, Repair Stations
21. FAR Part 147, Aviation Maintenance
Technician Schools
22. FAR Part 183, Representatives of the
Administrator