Learning Area
Learning Delivery Modality
School
Teacher
LESSON
Teaching Date
EXEMPLAR
Teaching Time
Philippine Politics and Governance
Blended Learning
Binan Integrated
National High School
ANITA G. NAVARRO
October 12-16 Week
2
7:00 AM-3:00 PM
Grade Level
11
Learning
Area
Quarter
Philippine Politics
and Governance
1st
No. of Days
4
I. OBJECTIVES
1.Critique ideas that have a direct impact on how we try to manage
ourselves as a political community
2. analyse how political ideologies impact on the social and political life of Filipino
A. Content
Standards
B. Performance
Standards
C. Most Essential
Learning
Competencies
(MELC)
D. Enabling
Competencies
The learners demonstrate an understanding of… The learners demonstrate an
understanding of political ideologies
The learners shall be able to…The learners shall be able to clearly identify a
specific examine the relationship between political ideologies and configurations
of political communities
Differentiate the political ideologies
The learners…
1. .identify the basic tenets of major political ideologies (i.e., liberalism, socialism,
conservatism, etc.)HUMSS_PG12-Ib-c-6
2.differentiate the political ideologies HUMSS_PG12-Ib-c-7
3.examine the relationship between political ideologies and configurations of
political communitiesHUMSS_PG12-Ib-c-8
4.critique ideas that have a direct impact on how we try to manage ourselves as
a political community HUMSS_PG12-Ib-c-9
5. analyze how political ideologies impact on the social and political life of Filipino
HUMSS_PG12-Ib-c-10
II. CONTENT
The basic tenets of the Major Political Ideologies
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
a. Teacher’s
Guide
Pages
b. Learner’s
Material
Pages
NONE
NONE
c. Textbook
Pages
d. Additional
Materials
from
Learning
Resources
B. List of Learning
Resources for
Development
and
Engagement
Philippine Politics and Governance by: "1.Philippine Politics and Governance by R.A and
Reidan Pawilen- pp 2. Politics Without Borders by Diana K. Mendoza, PhD and Ma.
Lourdes Melegrito PhD Cand. Pp
24-36
Powerpoint presentations or Pdf Files

Lopez, V. (2019, Feb. 20). Duterte to students: Support NPAs, lose scholarships. GM
Retrieved from https://gmanetwork.com
PVOT 4A BOW
The
political
spectrum.
(2018).
Civix
Quebec.
Available
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jfFT71ZHxIU
IV. PROCEDURES
What I need to know?
Learning Task 1:
A. Activity: Quotation Analysis
Directions: Read and analyze the following quotations and answer the questions below.
“The state of monarchy is the supremest thing upon earth: for kings are not only God’s
Lieutenants upon earth, and sit upon God’s throne, but even by God himself they
are called God’s.”
King James I
A. Introduction
“No man has any natural authority over his fellow men.”
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Questions:
1. How do you interpret the two famous quotations?
2. In what sense do the two quotations share similarities? In what sense do they differ?
3. Which one are you most in favor?
What’s new?
What I know?
What’s in?
B. Activity: Video Review: The political spectrum (CIVIX-Quebec)
Directions: Go to the link and after watching the video, answer the following guide question
B. Development
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jfFT71ZHxIU
1. What is the difference between the ideologies of “the left” and “the right”?
2. Is political divide good? Why or why not?
3. Do you think the political spectrum found in Quebec exists in the Philippine setting? Supp
answer.
What is it
What Is Ideology?
“Ideology is the most elusive concept in the whole of the social sciences”.
David Mclellan (1995)
Antoine Destutt Tracy(1754-1836) coined the term Ideologyduring the French
Revolution and subsequently used in 1796.Ideologie according to Tracy is
a new “science of ideas”from a literal term idea-logy( Heywood,2012).
Ideology becomes a political weapon to condemn or criticize opposing arrays of
ideas or belief system. Beliefs –are people’s assessment of reality and what they
hold to be true where as, Values are people’s ideas about right and wrong.
Therefore, when beliefs and values are put together in a coherent system,
they form an ideology
Ideology is a political belief system that embody or articulate class or social interests.
It is an abstract yet systematic set of political ideas.
Heywood (2017) views ideology as a coherent set of ideas that provides the basis for
organized political action, may it be to preserve, modify or overthrow the existing
system of power. According to him, ideologies have the following features:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Offer an account of the existing order, usually in the form of a ‘world view’
Advance a model of a desired future, a vision of a good ‘society’
Explain how political change can and should be brought about –
how to get from (a) to (b)
The Spectrum of Political Attitudes
Understanding the spectrum has to be developed first, before studying specific
ideologies. Terms like radical, liberal, moderate, conservative, and reactionary
are some of the common words that can be associated with political concepts.
Arranging these terms on a continuum, i.e. the radical at the far left while reactionary
at the opposite extreme, shall help one to have a graphic perspective on them
(Baradat, 2016).
Radical
Liberal
Reactionary
Moderate
Conservative
Figure 1
Modern-day political scientists emphasize the different levels of political attitudes, as
each of this level wants to either preserve or change the status quo.
At the left side of the spectrum are the liberals and the radicals, who are by nature
anti-status quo. They are known for pushing for extreme changes in the political
system in order to have a progressive change in the state.
Found at the middle are the moderates, who have neutral opinion with regard to
political matters. According to Ball (2014), they are not necessarily tuned-out or
ill informed, as they just see both sides of complex issues.
Lastly, at the right side are the reactionaries and the conservatives who oppose in
changing the status quo. Reactionaries on the extreme right are in favor of distributing
the wealth and power unequally based on race, social class, intelligence, or some
other criterion.
Political Ideologies and Their Impact on Political Communities
Conservatism
It is a political ideology that desires to conserve that usually reflects on resistance of change. I
mainly centered on tradition, human imperfection, organic society, authority and property.
Liberalism
A political ideology centered on a commitment to the individual and to the construction
of the society in which individuals can satisfy their interests or achieve fulfillment.
Individualism, rationalism, freedom, justice and toleration are the common core values
of liberalism.
Liberalism can further be classified into (Heywood, 2017):
Classical liberalism is anchored on a belief that humans are essentially
self-interested and largely self-sufficient, therefore responsible for their own lives
and circumstances. In the context of economy, classical liberalism extols the merits
of a self-regulating market in which government intervention is seen as both
unnecessary and damaging.
Modern liberalism, on the other hand, is more sympathetic towards the state.
This is anchored on a belief that unregulated capitalism produces new forms
of injustice. State intervention, therefore, is necessary in safeguarding individuals
from social evils.
Libertarianism
It is anchored on the idea that each individual has rights that no other individual or
group of them may violate. It upholds liberty as a core principle. Classical
liberalism and Libertarianism are almost identical, where both centered on personal
freedom. The difference is that Classical Liberalism was a backclash against theocratic
monarchies and oppressive government, whereas Libertarianism is more of a response
to a bloated and overarching government and welfare state (Miessler, 2020).
Anarchism
It is an ideology centered on a belief that political authority in all its forms, including
of the state, is both evil and unnecessary. State is believed to be evil because the repository
of sovereign, compulsory and coercive authority creates an offence against the principles
of freedom and equality. State, on the other hand, is believed to be unnecessary as
natural order can generate better social harmony than what political order
can do. Just like libertarianism, it hopes to create a society that widens the range of
choices available to individuals.
Marxism
It is an ideology originated from the works of 19th century German Philosophers,
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It primarily examines the effect of capitalism on labor,
productivity, and economic development and argues for a worker revolution to overturn
capitalism in favor of communism.
Socialism
It is an ideology that opposes capitalism and attempts to provide a more humane
and socially worthwhile alternative (Heywood, 2017). The central theme of socialism
is a vision of humans as social creatures united by their common humanity. This
could materialize upon reducing or abolishing class divisions.
Communism- It is an economic, social, and political system seeking government
ownership of the means production and services directed by a process of scientific
administration and universal assent. It is an extreme left-wing ideology, based on
the revolutionary socialist teachings of Karl Marx ,characterized by collective ownership
and a planned economy. Thus, each should work to their capability and will receive
according to their needs.
Fascism- is a movement that stands for outmoded, repressive social and political
conditions rejecting democracy, repudiates constitutionalism and stresses that all values
arise from the state against which the individuals has no rights .
Religious Fundamentalism –it is taken from the Latin word fundamental,
meaning base. It is associated with inflexibility, dogmatism, authoritarianism or
worst violence. It is characterized by a rejection of the distinction between politics
and religion.
Feminism- Derived from the Latin word Femina meaning women or female,
concerned with the attainment of gender equality in the political,economic and
social spheres of life. Its primary focus is the position of women in the society .
Environmentalism – it is an ideology focusing on the idea that environment is
endangered and must be preserved through regulation and life changes. Its concern
is about the natural environment and particularly about reducing environmental
degradation .
Learning Task 3:
Activity: Venn Diagram
Directions: Using a Venn diagram, compare and contrast the following political concepts:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Conservatism and Liberalism
Anarchism and Libertarianism
Classical Liberalism and Modern Liberalism
Marxism and Socialism
What I can do?
In the Philippine setting, political conflicts due to different ideologies are evident,
be it in local or national level. In the next activities, you are about to find out how
political ideologies in the Philippines affect different significant aspects of the society,
including the youth like you, in the country.
What other enrichment activities can I engage in?
(Additional Activities) Learning Task 4:
C. Engagement
Activity: Search and Share:
Directions: Search for the following Filipino activists/politicians. What political ideologies t
most likely anchored with? Support your answer. Choose only 5 among ten personalities/pol
Representative Party
1. Jose Maria Sison
2. Jose Manuel “Chel” Diokno
3. Atty. Arman Dimaguila
4. Isko Moreno
5. Manny Pacquiao
6. Alan Peter Cayetano
7. Lord Alan Velasco
8. Francis Pangilinan
9. Gina Lopez
10. GABRIELA
Team-Oriented/Cooperative Learning
Learning Task 5:
Activity: Comparative Analysis.
Directions: Considering the concept of political ideologies, compare and contrast the two
Filipino politicians’ point of view regarding freedom of expression among youth using
the two online articles below:
Duterte to students: Support NPAs, lose scholarships
Virgil Lopez GMA News (Feb. 20, 2019)
President Rodrigo Duterte on Wednesday warned students in state-run schools that
they will lose their scholarships if they showed overt acts of support for the communist
rebels that aim to overthrow the government.
Duterte said he considers students giving support to the armed struggle as his "enemy."
"If they espouse [support against] the very government feeding food on their mouth,
they will lose that," Duterte said when asked about scholarships of student-activists in
state universities.
"If you go and say, 'let us go out, join the NPAs, support the NPAs, give food to the
NPAs, money to the NPAs,' then you espouse the destruction of the duly constituted
government," he added.
Duterte made the statement after National Youth Commission Chairperson Ronald
Cardema asked the President to issue an executive order removing the scholarships
of "all rebellious anti-government scholars" particularly those allied with communist
rebels who have been involved in the killing of troops.
Cardema's proposal has drawn criticisms from various student groups and other
government officials, branding it as an affront to freedom of expression and right to
peaceably assemble.
Presidential spokesperson Salvador Panelo earlier in the day said that the state could
not just revoke scholarships of students on mere suspicion that they were part of any
radical movement.
Panelo said there should be "legal grounds" before the government can strip a student of
scholarship. Such grounds include overt acts of rebellion and sedition.
Duterte, however, said calls from students to remove him from office were
"just expressions."
He also said mere presence in rallies did not make one criminally liable.
"Wala naman kung dissent lang. If you disagree with my move, you disagree or
you do not find consonance in our decision," he said. "I need more overt acts."
Robredo: Removing scholarships from critical students a curtailment of
freedom of expression
By.Dale Israel, Inquirer.net ( Feb. 20,2019)
CEBU CITY — Removing the scholarship of students who are anti-government
curtails their freedom of expression, according to Vice President Robredo.
She told a news conference on Wednesday that she was worried about the call of the
National Youth Commission (NYC) chair Ronald Cardema.
“Pag sinabi yan ng National Youth Commission, gusto bang sabihin na yung
gusto nating klaseng kabataang Pilipino, yung sunod-sunuran lang?
Gusto ba natin ang kabataang Pilipino yung hindi nabibigyan ng boses para
ipahayag yung kanyang paniniwala? (If the NYC says that, does it mean that we
want our youth to be just blind followers? Do we want our Filipino youth to lose
their voices to express their beliefs),” she asked.
Cardema earlier asked President Duterte to remove the scholarship of students with alleged l
to the Communist Party of the Philippines, New Peoples’ Army, and the National
Democratic Front.
He also asked officials of the Sangguniang Kabataan, the Reserved Officers’
Training Corps, and the Citizen Army Training to report scholars who were
perceived members of the leftist groups.
“As chairman of the National Youth Commission, I am requesting our
Head of Government, Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, to issue an
Executive Order removing the government scholarships of all anti-government
scholars,” Cardema said.
But Robredo said activism in the Filipino youth had always been viewed as initiators
of change whenever the country underwent conflicts.
She cited during Martial Law and People Power 1 when the youth fought and removed
a dictator who had the country under an iron rule for more than 20 years.
Robredo said the youth are even more courageous than most Filipinos because
they stand up against unacceptable government policies.
“It is because we want Filipinos to be free to express their views, Filipinos who are
not afraid to say what they feel and a government ready to listen even if it was
something they didn’t want to hear,” Robredo added.
“So for the national commission on youth to issue such a statement, parang
kailangan na ba tayong matakot? Kailangan na ba tayong matakot na yung mga
namumuno ng ating mga kabataan ay ganyan na ang pag-iisip? (Do we have to
be afraid? Do we have to be afraid that the leader of our youth thinks that way?).”
Robredo was in Cebu City on Wednesday to promote the 2019 Istorya ng Pagasa
Film festival which features local documentaries and films that “inspire” ordinary
Filipinos.
On Thursday, the Vice President was expected to hold a series of dialogs with
several sectors here.
Criteria:
Relevance 40%
Coherence 40%
Organization 20%
100%
What else I can do?
Learning Task 6:
Activity: My Ideology Symbol
Hammer and Sickle (Marxism)
Swastika (Nazism)
Directions: Ideologies are often associated with symbols. If you were going to create a
symbol that best represent an ideology, how does it look like? Present your output either
through:
1. A manual poster drawn on a short bond paper; or
2. A digital poster using any computer applications.
Please attach an explanation regarding the symbol you have created.
Criteria:
Relevance
40%
Supporting Explanation 30%
Creativity
30%
100%
What I have learned?
Learning Task 7:
Activity: I can because I am
Different political ideologies often clash not just in the global arena but also in the
Philippine political stage. As a HUMSS student, where do you stand? Express an
advocacy that promotes the political ideology you are most in favor of. Support your
advocacy by citing evidences, in which you may do it in a creative manner. You can
either submit your output through a:
D. Assimilation
a. 5 minute-Vlog
b. 4 stanza Spoken Word Poetry
c. Digital/ Manual Poster
d. An Original Song
Your work must be submitted in google classroom and upon approval, you may post
your work publicly. You may use the hashtag #ICanBecauseIam on your post.
Criteria:
Content
40%
1. Political Ideology
2. Conservatism
3. Liberalism
4. Fascism
5. Revolution
Persuasiveness 20%
Organization 20%
Creativity
20%
100%
What I can do? (Assessment)
A. Directions: Definition of terms. Provide a simple definition of the following terms/
concepts.
Directions: Modified TRUE or FALSE if the given statement is correct,
B.
If incorrect, replace the underlined word/s to make statement correct.
________1. Ideology is a coherent set of ideas of that provides the basis for
organized political action, may it be to preserve, modify or overthrow the existing
system of power.
most importance and emphasis is placed not on social groups.
________2. Conservatism is the desire to preserve institutions and is reflected
in a resistance to, or at least suspicion of, change.
________3. Marxism stands in opposition to capitalism and proposes an alternative
that is more humane and equitable.
________4. Anarchists believe that political authority in whatever form is
undesirable and unwanted.
________5. The two version of fascism are those envisioned by Marx and
Engels and by communist parties.
C. Directions: Summarize what you have learned in this lesson in three to five sentences.
D. Provide two or three sentences for reflection and opinion regarding the importance
of knowing certain political ideology.
E.If someday you will be called to become a politician in your community what will be your a
and belief? Identify the kind of ideology you believe in and become the
basis of your advocacy.
Answer sheets must must submitted by your parents/guardians or thru on line google
Classroomor digital photos thru private messages to your subject teacher.
V. REFLECTION
Summarize what you have learn in this module in 51-5 sentences.
Note : This is exclusive for BINHS SHS use only.
Prepared by:
ANITA G. NAVARRO
MasterTeacher II
Checked by:
JULIE ANN D. NATIVIDAD
Principal III