3M Confined Space
Safety Solutions
May 2019
© 3M 2019
#3MScienceofSafety |
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Legal Disclaimer
• This presentation is based on current United States Federal requirements. US state or other
country requirements may be different. Always consult User Instructions and follow local laws and
regulations
• This presentation contains an overview of general information and should not be relied upon to
make health specific decisions. Reviewing this material does not certify proficiency in safety and
heath.
• Information is current as of the date listed for this presentation, and requirements can change in
the future.
• This presentation should not be relied upon in isolation, as the content is often accompanied by
additional and/or clarifying information or discussion
• 3M™ owns all rights in the presentation and digital recording or other reproduction is strictly
prohibited with out permission.
Confined Spaces – Introduction
Confined spaces present some of the
most challenging environments for any
health and safety professionals. From
potentially toxic atmospheres, to
physically hazardous conditions such as
extreme temperatures, unstable materials,
or the potential for falls, confined spaces
often present unseen challenges. Creating
and maintaining a safe jobsite with
Confined Spaces depends on having
correct, current information.
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©May
3M 2019. All Rights Reserved. 3M Confidential.
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What are the risks?
Deaths occur each year
96 in the USA alone
(OSHA, 2005-2009)1
Sources:
1) http://www.rocorescue.com/roco-rescue-blog/confined-space-fatalities-a-closer-look-at-the-numbers#.WKRkYFUrL3g;
2) OSHA, https://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy10/sh-21000-10/Confined_Space_Entry_Awareness.pptx;
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What are the risks?
61% from Physical
Hazards: engulfment, falls,
“struck by”, electrocution, heat, etc.
34% from Atmospheric
Hazards: toxic chemicals,
oxygen deficiency, combustible
dusts, etc.
Sources:
1) http://www.rocorescue.com/roco-rescue-blog/confined-space-fatalities-a-closer-look-at-the-numbers#.WKRkYFUrL3g;
2) OSHA, https://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy10/sh-21000-10/Confined_Space_Entry_Awareness.pptx;
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What are the risks?
In multi-fatality incidents reviewed,
Percent
60% of deaths are would-be
rescuers:
• More people die attempting to rescue others
than the initial afflicted entrants
Entrant
Would be rescuer
Other
Sources:
https://ohsonline.com/articles/2018/08/01/we-must-change-the-statistics-of-confined-space-injuries-and-fatalities.aspx
An investigation into the rate and mechanism of incident of work-related confined space fatalities, Selman et al., Sefety Science 109 (2018) 333.-343
Bond, J., 1996. The Hazards of Life and All That: A Look at Some Accidents and Safety Curiosities, Past and Present. Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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Who goes into Confined Spaces?
In every industry, based on the work that needs to be done inside confined
spaces, employees from many companies may enter them.
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•
Host Employer – Company that owns the space
•
Specialist Contractor
•
Rescue Team
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Examples of Confined Spaces
Fluid Bed Coaters
Bio Reactors
Water Purification Systems
Storage Vessels
Tanks – open top or closed,
underground, above ground,
trucks
Rail Cars
Vaults
Some Parts of Machinery
Elevator Pits
Tunnels
Crawl Spaces
Culverts
Transformers
Piping
Silos
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Mixers
Boilers
Vacuum Systems
Pump stations
Water supply towers
Vats
Reactors
Excavations
Pressure Vessels
Ovens
Pits
Columns
Ventilation Systems
Manholes
Wells
Fractionation Towers
Wiring Chases
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Examples of Confined Spaces
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Examples of Confined Spaces
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Confined Spaces are Usually Defined Through Three Questions
Three questions to consider about the space:
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1. Is it large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily
enter and perform assigned work?
2. Does it have limited or restricted means for entry or exit?
3. Is it not designed for continuous employee occupancy?
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Consider additional risks:
Does the space have any other serious health or safety
hazard, such as engulfment, entrapment, asphyxiation,
atmospheric hazards, etc.
Non-Confined Space
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Non-Permit CS
Permit CS
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Do regulations require use of Confined Space products?
Confined Space
Equipment
Requirements
Non-Confined Space
Non-Permit CS
No Confined Space equipment required
Confined Space equipment can still help
when accessing these areas
© 3M 2019
Permit Required CS
Anchorage: Mechanical device or fixed point;
mechanical device needed if space is > 5ft deep
Body Support: Chest or full-body harness
Connector: Retrieval line connected at center of back,
near, or above shoulders
Detection: Air within the confined space must be
evaluated with gas detection. In some Instances an
“escape” air supply is required
Education: Employees must be trained
Confined Space equipment
is required when accessing
these areas
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The ABC’s of Confined Space Solutions
A – Anchor (Davit, Tri-Pod, Pole Hoist, Side Entry System)
B – Body Support (Harness, Bosun Chair)
C – Connecting Device (Winch, Retrieval SRL)
D – Detection (Gas Detection – Air Monitoring)
E – Education (Training on Confined Spaces, Equipment, PPE)
F – Full Body Protection (Head, Eye, Face, Body, Respiratory, Communication, etc.)
G – Global Customer Support (Subject Matter Expertise, Sales, Technical Service)
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ABC’s: A – Anchor
Question: What is the entry direction?
• Vertical Entry (from top)?
• Horizontal Entry (from side)?
Horizontal Entry
Vertical Entry
Tripod
Davit System
Fixed
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Pole Hoist
Side Entry System
Portable
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ABC’s: B – Body Support
Primary Confined Entry / Retrieval Harnesses
Attachment points
on each shoulder
facilitate upright
retrieval.
ExoFit Nex
Delta
Protecta
Intended to
be used
with YLanyard
However…
Specific harness choice depends on work being done
(e.g. coated, hot work)
Due to spatial constraints, best harness choice may be
the simplest (least webbing and hardware)
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Additional Options for Descent
Harnesses
Harnesses with seat sling
attachments can add comfort
for vertical descent
Accessories
ExoFit NEX
Tower
Climbing
Harness
ExoFit NEX
Oil & Gas
Harness
Bosun Chair
Suspended
Workman’s
Chair
Retrieval Wristlets
(if entrant did not have
harness and is in need
of rescue)
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ABC’s: C – Connecting Device
• All entries for permit, vertical and horizontal, must be provided with a
pre-rigged retrieval system
• All entries for permit, greater than five feet vertically, must
incorporate a mechanical advantage also
• Non-permit, as best practice, should have the same
• Mechanical advantage is important for both vertical and horizontal
• Users must be trained on how to use
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ABC’s: D – Detection (Gas Detection)
Atmospheric Monitoring in Confined Spaces
Portable Monitoring
(Personal Use: standard 4-gas,
single Gas)
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Portable Area Monitoring
Fixed Area Monitoring
(Continuous Area Monitoring: multiple
gas options)
(Continuous Area Monitoring: multiple
gas and specialty gas)
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ABC’s: E – Education (Training!)
Confined Space
Level I and II
Confined Space
Industrial Rescuer
Confined Space
Instructor
Audience:
Audience:
Audience:
Personnel who supervise
or must access work
within confined spaces
Personnel who supervise
or must access, work, or
perform rescue within
confined spaces
Personnel who are
responsible for training
confined space entrants
and/or attendants
© 3M 2019
Custom
Courses
We also offer
customers the
opportunity to
tailor a course
based on their
unique needs
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ABC’s: F – Full Body Protection (PPE)
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ABC’s: G – Global Expertise and Support
3M can provide support, products and training for
your operations and teams, around the world.
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Confined Space Safety Program: 4 Elements
1. Plan
Confined
Space Entry
& Rescue
Plans
2. Access
Bases
3. Work Inside
Davits, Pole Hoists,
Tripods
Gas
Detection
SAR
4. Rescue/Retrieval
Hard Hats
Eyewear
PAPR
Training
Courses
“How To”
Tools
© 3M 2019
Davits, Pole Hoists,
Tripods
Bases
Harnesses
Winches
Emergency
Retrieval
Harnesses
Winches Emergency
Retrieval
Comms
RR & DR
Other PPE
Supplied Air
Gas
Detection
Training “How To” Connected
Safety
Tools
Courses
“How To”
Tools
Connected
Safety
Training
Courses
SCBA
“How To”
Tools
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Resources Available
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OSHA Regulation Website
• The current Confined Space Regulation
requires employers to understand the hazards
associated with work in confined spaces, and
provide their workers with appropriate
protections. The OSHA webpage contains a
wealth of information including:
• - Standards and enforcement
• - Hazards and solutions
• - Construction specific resources
• - Additional resources
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/
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3M Resources Available:
www.3m.com/confinedspace
This site contains:
Promo video
Regulation summary (downloadable)
Safety plan checklist (downloadable)
Infographic (downloadable)
Short educational videos
Equipment set-up videos
Links to product catalog sites
Training requirements & link to 3M course
offerings (live and online)
• Link to request a site visit
• Link to blog series
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© 3M 2019
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Additional Resources
3M™ Technical Support: 1-800-243-4630
3M™ Fall Protection Technical Support: 1-800-328-6146
3M™ Scott™ Fire & Safety Technical Support: 1-800-247-7257 option 5
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Thank you