5G Wireless
Technology
Content
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History of mobile technology
What is 5G?
How 5G works?
Is 5G safe?
Applications of 5G
Current availability of 5G
Conclusion
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History of mobile
technology
Mobile technology generations
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What is 5G?
What is 5G?
5G simply refers to the next and newest mobile wireless
standard based on the IEEE 802.11ac standard of
broadband technology. Rather than faster Internet
connection speeds, 5G aims at a higher capacity than
current 4G LTE, allowing a higher number of mobile
broadband users per area unit, and allowing
consumption of data quantities in gigabyte per second.
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Features of 5G technology
● High & increased peak bit rate (Up to 10Gbps connections
to endpoints in the field)
● Larger data volume per unit area (i.e. high system spectral
efficiency)
● High capacity to allow more devices connectivity
concurrently and instantaneously (100 percent coverage)
● More bandwidth
● Lower battery consumption
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Features of 5G technology
● Better connectivity irrespective of the geographic region
● A larger number of supporting devices (10 to 100x number
of connected devices)
● Lower cost of infrastructural development
● Higher reliability of the communications (One millisecond
end-to-end round trip delay)
● Machine to machine communication, also known as the
Internet of things (IOT)
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Comparisons
Bandwidth
Average speed
Latency
3G
4G
5G
2mbps
200mbps
1gbps
144 kbps
25 mbps
200-400
mbps
100 ms
30-60ms
1 ms
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How 5G works?
How 4G works?
● 4G connection uses macrocells
(normal mobile tower).
● Lower frequency band used to send
message.
● These towers send signal in each
direction which is caught by another
device with which we want to connect.
● It uses optical fibres to move signal to
another towers around the world.
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How does 5G work?
● In 5G, the network service area is
divided into small geographical areas
called cells.
● All the 5G wireless devices in a cell
communicate by radio waves with a
local antenna and low power automated
transceiver (transmitter and receiver) in
the cell.
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How does 5G work? (...continued)
● 5G works on previously untouched
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radio frequency part of the network
works on a band known as sub 6
which is from 600 MHz to 6 GHz.
But 5G can go beyond that resulting in
higher data rates and performance
with the trade-off of range that is with
so much data it cannot move far also
lowering the wall penetration of signal.
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How does 5G work? (...continued)
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How does 5G work? (...continued)
● For that why we need more
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number of small cells installed
closer to each others than the
traditional mobile towers.
These cell sites can beam signal
to specific locations where
needed more rather than
everywhere in any direction.
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How does 5G work? (...continued)
Beamforming or spatial filtering is a signal
processing technique used in sensor arrays for
directional signal transmission or reception This
is achieved by combining elements in an
antenna array in such a way that signals at
particular angles experience constructive
interference while others experience
destructive interference. The improvement
compared with omnidirectional
reception/transmission is known as the
directivity of the array.
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How does 5G work? (...continued)
● Due to closer cells network
become dense and increase
capacity of network.
● 5G can support up to a million
devices per square kilometer,
while 4G supports only up to
100,000 devices per square
kilometer.
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5G spectrum bands
● Low-band spectrum
○ Expect peak speeds up to
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100Mbps
Widest range and high
penetration
● High-band spectrum –
○ Expect peak speeds
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up to 10Gbps
Low range and
penetration
● Mid-band spectrum –
○ Expect peak speeds up to 1Gbps
○ Balanced range and penetration
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Is 5G safe?
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Applications of 5G
1. Autonomous vehicle
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Autonomous vehicles are being developed
empowered with the algorithms and use
cases of Machine Learning. But, 5G and its
speed, low latency, and further deployment
can bring this dream into a reality.
The prime goal behind autonomous vehicle
communication is the vehicle-to-everything
network. This is responsible for the vehicle to
act automatically regarding the positioning of
objects around the vehicle.
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2. Support to artificial intelligence
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Artificial Intelligence is redefining machine
capacities and power. Today’s digital world
is meaningless without bulks of data, and it
can only be accelerated by the fastest
network capabilities and 5G can really
trigger the process.
Additionally, smart cities are getting
sensors, and data from these smart sensors
need to be routed in such a way that they
can be deployed at the moment of need.
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3. IOT in Industry Use Cases
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5G will enable connecting doctors and
patients promptly. Additionally, the science of
IoT wearables can alert the patient according
to the symptoms that the patients are
experiencing.
Farming fields should have sensors for
monitoring purposes. And, they would convey
data regarding the necessity of water, pest
management, disease control, etc.
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4. Virtual Reality & Augmented Reality
● Because of 5G nothing crucial will be
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stored on the device. Everything will be on
cloud, we can fetch them quickly by 5G.
The baseline of virtual reality and
augmented reality is spontaneous action
and reaction. Otherwise, it will be
impossible to experience a realistic
process. Apart from gaming, enjoying
sports events and virtual reality with 5G
will be extremely amazing.
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Current development
and availability of 5G
When can we expect 5G?
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Most consumers won’t have access to the full breadth of 5G’s
potential until the low-band spectrum is made available.
Service providers are centering the initial rollout of the
technology around densely populated areas and major cities.
The introduction of 5G technology into the mass consumer
market will likely be a slow process.
Don’t expect an overnight switch. Every day, though,
consumers can expect to see more features made possible by
this new technology introduced into their lives.
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Worldwide deployment of 5G
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South Korea was the first country to implement 5G in April 2019.
The 4 major carriers AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, and Verizon have
launched low-band spectrum 5G services at the end of 2019 across
several states of USA.
Philippines was the first country in Southeast Asia to start 5G
network after Globe Telecom commercially launched its 5G data
plans to customers in June 2019.
China, United Kingdom, Japan, Australia and Germany have also
implemented the 5G network.
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5G in India
● Major Telecom companies like Reliance Jio with Samsung,
Vodafone Idea with Ericsson and Airtel with Nokia are
developing an effective way to deploy 5G environment in India.
● The TRAI has researched that the 3300-3400 MHz and 34003600 MHz bands in the country suit for the 5G.
● 5G network is expected to be launched till end of 2021 in India.
● Samsung Galaxy S20, Motorola Edge Plus and Xiaomi Mi 10
Pro are the few smartphones launched in India supporting 5G
network.
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Conclusion
5G Wireless Technology is more intelligent
technology, which will interconnect the entire world
without limits. It is designed to provide unbelievable
and extraordinary data capabilities, unhindered call
volumes, and vast data broadcast. Moreover,
governments and regulators can use this technology
as an opportunity for good governance and can
create healthier environments, which will definitely
encourage continuing investment in 5G, the nextgeneration technology.
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Thank you!
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