ANATOMY
HNF
SN
1.Al
l
Tr
i
angl
esofneck-eachsepar
at
eSAQ*
2.Nasal
Sept
um*
3.Thy
r
oi
dGl
and–Bl
oodSuppl
y
*
,
Appl
i
edAnat
omy
4.Car
ot
i
dSheat
handcont
ent
s*
5.Muscl
esofMast
i
cat
i
on
6.Cav
er
nousSi
nus*
*
7.Li
t
t
l
e’
sAr
eaofNose–Cl
i
ni
cal
Si
gni
f
i
cance
8.Ext
r
aOcul
armuscl
es-Di
agr
am andact
i
ons
9.Hy
oi
dBone
10.
Pal
at
i
neTonsi
l
–Appl
i
edAnat
omy
*
11.
Danger
ousAr
eaofFace
12.
Lat
er
al
wal
l
ofNose
13.
Tongue–Appl
i
edAnat
omy
14.
AnsaCer
v
i
cal
i
s
15.
Dur
al
wv
enoussi
nuses
16.
Lacr
i
mal
Gl
and
17.
Submandi
bul
argl
and
LAQ
1.Par
ot
i
dGl
and*
*
*
*
2.Tongue*
*
3.Scal
p
4.Thy
r
oi
dGl
and*
*
5.Mi
ddl
eEar
6.Lar
y
nx*
*
7.Fasci
asoft
heNeck
8.Tempor
omandi
bul
arj
oi
nt
9.Maxi
l
l
ar
yar
t
er
y
Vi
v
aandpr
act
i
cal-Vi
v
av
oce/
Mi
t
eshDav
e
1.Speci
menofTongueandLar
y
nx
*
*
2.Lat
er
al
wal
l
ofnose
3.Sagi
t
al
sect
i
on
4.Ost
eo-Skul
l
doonl
yv
i
deos,
Mandi
bl
e*
*andner
v
er
el
at
edt
oi
t
,
hy
oi
dbone
5.Al
t
asaxi
s,
pi
v
otj
oi
nt
*
*
6.Ty
pi
cal
cer
v
i
cal
v
er
t
i
br
a-Vi
deo
UpperLi
mb
SN
1.Cubi
t
al
Fossa*
*
2.Kl
umpke’
sPar
al
y
si
s*
3.Abduct
i
onatShoul
derJoi
nt
4.Rot
at
orCuf
f
5.Car
pal
Tunnel
Sy
ndr
ome*
*
6.Mammar
yGl
and–Ly
mphat
i
cDr
ai
nage*
*
*
*
,
Appl
i
edAnat
omy
7.Er
b’
sPar
al
y
si
s*
8.Pr
onat
i
onandSupi
nat
i
on
9.Cl
av
i
pect
or
al
Fasci
a
10.
Cl
awhand–Feat
ur
esandCausat
i
v
eFact
or
s
11.
Muscul
ocut
aneousNer
v
e
12.
Del
oi
d
13.
Bi
ceps
14.
El
bowj
oi
nt
15.
Tr
i
angul
arandquadr
angul
arspaces
16.
Axi
l
l
ar
yner
v
e
LAQ
1.Shoul
derJoi
nt
*
*
*
2.Ul
narNer
v
e*
3.Br
achi
al
Pl
exus
4.Cubi
t
al
Fossa
5.Axi
l
l
ar
yAr
t
er
y
*
6.Mi
dPal
marSpace
7.Radi
al
Ner
v
e
8.Medi
anNer
v
e*
*
9.St
r
uct
ur
esunderDel
t
oi
d*
Cour
sesandbr
anchesofner
v
esandar
t
er
i
esr
eadf
r
m appendi
xpar
tf
r
m BDC
Vi
v
aandpr
act
i
cal-Vi
v
av
oce/
Mi
t
eshDav
e
1. Roughor
gi
nandi
nser
t
i
on,
Ner
v
esuppl
yandact
i
onofmuscl
est
hatar
ev
i
si
bl
eondi
ssect
i
on
2. Scapul
aandhumer
usar
et
heeasi
estandcommonl
yasked,
r
adi
asul
nanott
htcommonl
yasked.
34poi
nt
sabtat
t
achmentandbonypr
omi
nence
3. Namesofbonesonhandandt
y
pesofj
oi
nt
si
nhand,
spi
r
al
l
awofossi
f
i
cat
i
on*
Thor
ax
SN
1.Thor
aci
cDuct
2.RootofRi
ghtLungandr
el
at
i
ons
3.RootofLef
tl
ungandr
el
at
i
ons
4.Azy
gousVei
n
5.Ar
chofAor
t
a
6.Ty
pi
cal
I
nt
er
cost
al
Ner
v
e
7.Br
onchopul
monar
ySegment
sofLef
tLung
8.Lef
tCor
onar
yAr
t
er
y
*
9.Br
onchopul
monar
ySegment
s–Appl
i
edAnat
omy
*
*
10.Bl
ocksi
nSVC
11.
Ty
pi
cal
i
nt
er
coast
al
space-muscl
eandnuer
ov
ascul
arbundl
e
12.I
nl
etoft
heThor
ax,
Thor
axout
l
et
/
i
nl
etsy
ndor
me(
same)
13.Oesophagus-Cont
r
i
ct
i
onsandappl
i
ed
LAQ
1.Br
onchopul
monar
ySegment
s
2.Ri
ghtAt
r
i
um*
*
3.Ar
chofAor
t
a*
*
4.Super
i
orMedi
ast
i
num
Vi
v
aandpr
act
i
cal-Vi
v
av
oce/
Mi
t
eshDav
e
1.Lungandhear
tf
ul
l
f
r
om t
hev
i
deoes
2.Ost
eo-1str
i
b*
*
,
t
y
pi
cal
r
i
b*
,
t
hor
aci
cv
er
t
ebr
ae(
at
t
achmentnott
ober
ead)
Neur
oanat
omy
SN
1.Medi
al
Medul
l
ar
ySy
ndr
ome
2.Fl
oorofFour
t
hVent
r
i
cl
e*
*
3.Ci
r
cl
eofWi
l
l
i
s
4.T.
S.Medul
l
aObl
ongat
a-Al
l
3*
5.T.
S.Mi
dbr
ai
n-bot
h*
6.T.
SPons-bot
h
7.Cor
pusCal
l
osum*
*
8.Br
ownSequar
dSy
ndr
ome
9.I
nf
er
i
orCer
ebel
l
arPeduncl
e*
10.
T.
S.Spi
nal
Cor
d–Cer
v
i
cal
Lev
el
11.
I
nt
er
nal
Capsul
e*
*
12.Basal
gangl
i
a*
13.Papezci
r
cui
t
14.Thi
r
dv
ent
r
i
cal
15.Ver
mi
s
LAQ
1.Gl
ossophar
y
ngeal
Ner
v
e*
2.Super
ol
at
er
al
Sur
f
aceofCer
ebr
um*
*
3.I
nt
er
nal
Capsul
e*
*
*
4.Pons
5.Occul
omot
orNer
v
e
6.Mi
dbr
ai
n
7.Funct
i
onal
Ar
easi
nFr
ont
al
Lobe
8.Thal
amus
9.Faci
al
ner
v
e*
*
10.Tr
i
gemi
nal
ner
v
e*
11.
Ascendi
ngt
r
acks
12.
Descendi
ngt
r
acks
Vi
v
aandpr
act
i
cal-Vi
v
av
oce/
Mi
t
eshDav
e
1. Al
l
t
hesect
i
onsoft
hebr
ai
nar
ev
er
yi
mp,
t
r
yt
ol
ear
n45v
i
si
bl
eandi
mpst
r
uct
ur
esofeach
sur
f
ace
2. Cer
ebel
l
um-f
i
ssur
e,
sur
f
aceandv
er
mi
s
3. Br
ai
nst
em -ext
er
nal
v
i
si
bl
ef
eat
ur
es
Abdomen&Pel
v
i
s
SN
1.Anal
Canal
-Appl
i
ed*
2.Por
t
acav
al
Anast
omosi
s*–Appl
i
edAnat
omy
3.I
ngui
nal
Her
ni
a*
*
–Di
r
ect
,
I
ndi
r
ect
4.Mal
eUr
et
hr
a
5.CaputMedusae
6.Ut
er
us–Suppor
t
s*
*
*
,
Appl
i
edAnat
omy
7.St
omachBed*
8.Meckel
’
sDi
v
er
t
i
cul
um
9.I
ngui
nal
Canal
10.
I
schi
or
ect
al
Fossa*
11.
LesserOment
um*
12.
Rect
usSheat
h*
13.
I
nf
er
i
orVenaCav
a
14.
Super
f
i
ci
al
Per
i
neal
Pouch
15.
McBur
ney
’
sPoi
nt
16.
I
nt
er
i
orofUr
i
nar
yBl
adder
17.
Umbi
l
i
cus-Anat
omi
cal
andCl
i
ni
cal
I
mpor
t
ance
18.
Per
i
neal
Body
19.
Cont
r
acept
i
on–Anat
omi
cal
Basi
s
20.
Rel
at
i
onsofKi
dney–di
agr
am
21.
Hy
st
er
osal
phi
ngogr
aphy
22.Spl
een-r
el
at
i
ons
23.Lessersac(
Oment
al
bur
sa)
24.Per
i
t
oneal
r
ef
l
ect
i
onsofl
i
v
er
25.Appendi
xandi
t
'
sappl
i
ed
26.Ur
et
er
-Cont
r
i
ct
i
onsandr
el
at
i
ons
27.Ty
pesofi
nci
si
onsonAnt
er
i
orabdomi
nal
wal
l
28.
Deepper
i
neal
pouch
LAQ
1.Pancr
eas*
*
2.I
schi
or
ect
al
Fossa
3.Ki
dney
4.Ut
er
i
neTube
5.Test
es
6.Ext
r
aHepat
i
cBi
l
i
ar
yAppar
at
us*
7.Rect
usSheat
h
8.Ur
i
nar
yBl
adder
*
9.Pr
ost
at
e*
*
10.
Supr
ar
enal
Gl
and*
11.
Ut
er
us*
12.
St
omach*
*
13.
Ov
ar
y
nd
14.
Duodenum –2 Par
t
15.
Anal
Canal
*
16.
Di
aphr
agm*
17.
I
ngui
nal
Canal
*
18.
I
nt
er
nal
I
l
i
acAr
t
er
y
19.Por
t
al
v
ei
n-f
or
mat
i
on,
t
r
i
but
ar
i
esandpor
t
ocav
al
anast
omosi
s
20.
Li
v
er
*
i
nLAQsofor
gansgener
al
l
ygr
oss,
mi
cr
oembr
y
oandappl
i
edoft
heor
gani
sasked
Smal
l
br
anchesofar
t
er
i
esandner
v
esandnotatal
l
i
mp
Vi
v
aandpr
act
i
cal
1. Vi
deosofei
t
herVi
v
av
oceorMi
t
eshdav
ef
oral
l
t
heor
gansandost
eol
ogy
2. Ost
eol
ogy
-Bonypel
v
i
s,
Di
f
f
er
encebet
weenmal
eandf
emal
epel
v
i
s*
,
sacr
um,
t
y
pi
cal
l
umbar
v
er
t
ebr
a
3. Spl
eenandst
omachar
et
hecommonestandeasi
estor
gansasked
4. Li
v
er-Bor
der
s,
per
i
t
oneal
r
ef
l
ect
i
onsandi
mpr
essi
on
5. Di
f
f
er
encebet
weeni
l
eum andj
ej
unum*
*
LowerLi
mb
SN
1.Sar
t
or
i
us*
2.Medi
al
Longi
t
udi
nal
Ar
ch*–Fact
or
sMai
nt
ai
ni
ng
3.Gl
ut
eusMaxi
mus
4.FootDr
op*-Anat
omi
cal
Basi
s
5.Femor
al
Sheat
h
6.Femor
al
Canal
*
7.Popl
i
t
eus
8.I
nv
er
si
onandEv
er
si
on*-I
nv
er
t
er
sandEv
er
t
er
swi
t
hNer
v
eSuppl
y
8.Femor
al
Her
ni
a*
9.Longi
t
udi
nal
Ar
chesofFoot
10.
Gast
r
ocnemi
us
11.
Gr
eatSaphenousVei
n*
12.
Quadr
i
cepsf
emor
i
s
13.
Hamst
r
i
ngs
14.
Femor
al
ner
v
e*
LAQ
1.Hi
pJoi
nt
*
2.VenousDr
ai
nageofLowerLi
mb*
3.I
nt
r
aAr
t
i
cul
arSt
r
uct
ur
esofKneeJoi
nt
*
4.Sci
at
i
cNer
v
e
5.Femor
al
Tr
i
angl
e*
*
6.KneeJoi
nt
*
*
7.Popl
i
t
eal
Fossa*
8.Lat
er
al
Longi
t
udi
nal
Ar
chofFoot
*
9.St
r
uct
ur
esUnderGl
ut
eusMaxi
mus–di
agr
am*
10.
Ankl
ej
oi
nt
Vi
v
aandpr
act
i
cal-Vi
v
av
oce/
Mi
t
eshDav
e
1. Roughor
gi
nandi
nser
t
i
on,
Ner
v
esuppl
yandact
i
onofmuscl
est
hatar
ev
i
si
bl
eondi
ssect
i
on
2. I
dent
i
f
i
cat
i
onofner
v
esandar
t
er
i
es,
saphanousandf
emor
al
v
ei
n
3. Ost
eol
ogyAl
l
bonesar
ei
mpHi
i
pbone-Toughest
,
Femoreasi
est
,
f
i
bul
amostconf
usi
onal
l
t
hr
ee
ar
ecommonl
yasked.Theeni
t
r
ebonei
snotasked,
34poi
nt
sonl
y
4. Namet
hebonesoff
ootandar
ches
Gener
al
Anat
omy
1.Sy
nov
i
al
Joi
nt
*
*-di
agr
am,
cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
on,
exampl
es
2.Cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
onofFi
br
ousJoi
nt
3.Sesamoi
dBone
4.Car
t
i
l
agi
nousJoi
nt-cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
on,
exampl
e*
5.Epi
phy
si
s*
6.Secondar
yCar
t
i
l
agi
nousJoi
nt
7.Pi
v
otJoi
nt
8.Bl
oodSuppl
yofLongbone
9.St
r
uct
ur
al
Cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
onofMuscl
e*
10.Cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
onofbones*
Hi
st
ol
ogy-Di
agr
amsonl
y
1.Adr
enal
*
*
2.Muscul
arAr
t
er
y
*
3.Ar
t
er
yandv
ei
n
4.Di
f
f
er
encebet
weenser
i
ousandmucousaci
ni
*
*
5.Di
f
f
er
encebet
weencar
di
acandskel
et
al
muscl
e*
*
6.St
r
at
i
f
i
edSquamousEpi
t
hel
i
um
7.Test
es*
*
8.Ov
ar
y
9.CompactBone
7.Spl
een*
*
8.Ki
dney
9.Ly
mphNode
10.
Ret
i
na*
*
Embr
y
ol
ogy
1.Not
ocor
d
2.Mesonephr
i
cDuct
3.Pr
i
mi
t
i
v
eSt
r
eak*
4.PhasesofFer
t
i
l
i
sat
i
on
5.Twi
nni
ng
6.Pl
acent
a*
7.Pancr
eas*
*
8.Neur
al
TubeDef
ect
s*
9.Vi
t
el
l
oi
nt
est
i
nal
Duct
10.
Ur
i
nar
yBl
adder
11.
Di
aphr
agm*
*
12.
Phasesofl
ungdev
el
opment
13.Phar
y
ngeal
ar
chesandpounches,
t
hei
rder
i
v
at
i
v
es*
*
*
*
(notasasi
ngl
eque
butmustknowt
opi
c)
14.
DescentofTest
es*
15.
Dev
el
opment
al
Anomal
i
esofKi
dney
16.
Rot
at
i
onofGut
*
*
17.
Fat
eandDer
i
v
at
i
v
esofYol
kSac*
18.
Set
al
def
ect
sofhear
t
*
*
*
*
19.
Ar
chofAor
t
a
20.
Dev
el
opmentofat
r
i
a
21.Dev
el
opment
al
det
ect
si
nGr
eatv
ei
ns
22.Remenant
s-MCQS
23.
Dev
el
opmentofgeni
t
al
s
Genet
i
cs
1.Bar
rBody
*
2.Ly
onsHy
pot
hesi
s
3.Tur
ner
'
sSy
ndr
ome*
4.Kar
y
ot
y
pi
ng*
5.MonosomyofSexChr
omosome
6.Down'
sSy
ndr
ome*
7.St
r
uct
ur
al
Chr
omosomeAbnor
mal
i
t
i
es
8.Aut
osomal
Domi
nantI
nher
i
t
ance
9.St
r
uct
ur
al
andNumer
i
cal
Chr
omosomeAbnor
mal
i
t
i
eswi
t
hexampl
e
PHYSI
OLOGY
Paper1
CVS-Guy
t
on,
mor
edet
ai
l
si
nGanong(
Fact
)
,
Concept-Cheng
SN
1.Ci
r
cul
at
or
yShock-def
i
ne,
cl
assi
f
y
,
st
ages,
phy
si
ol
ogi
cal
pr
i
nci
pl
esof
management
2.Connect
i
onsofUni
pol
arandBi
pol
arLi
mbLeadswhi
l
er
egar
di
ngECG
3.ECGTr
acei
nLeadI
I
*-dr
aw,
l
abel
,
mar
ki
nt
er
v
al
s
4.CNSI
schemi
cResponse
5.Bar
or
ecept
orRef
l
exMechani
sm
6.Vent
r
i
cul
arDi
ast
ol
e-ev
ent
s
7.Pr
oper
t
i
esofCar
di
acMuscl
e*
,
I
oni
cBasi
sofAut
or
hy
t
hmi
ci
t
yi
nSANode,
WhyHear
tMuscl
eCannotbeTet
ani
zed
8.Rol
eofJGAi
nRegul
at
i
onofBl
oodPr
essur
e
9.Cor
onar
yCi
r
cul
at
i
on-pecul
i
ar
i
t
i
es,
Angi
naPect
or
i
s
10.
Reni
nAngi
ot
ensi
nMechani
sm
11.
Hear
tBl
ock-enl
i
stt
y
pes,
expl
ai
nAVNodal
Bl
ock
12.
Hear
tRat
e-expl
ai
ni
ncr
easei
nhear
tr
at
ei
nmuscul
arexer
ci
se
13.
Fi
ckPr
i
nci
pl
e
14.
ECG-di
agr
am,
Bi
pol
arLi
mbLeads
15.
VenousRet
ur
n
16.
Fact
or
sAf
f
ect
i
ngSt
r
okeVol
ume
17.
Ef
f
ectofI
sot
oni
cExer
ci
seonBl
oodPr
essur
e
LAQ
1.Car
di
acCy
cl
e*
*-def
i
ne,
pr
essur
eandv
ol
umechangesi
nl
ef
tv
ent
r
i
cl
e*
,
di
agr
am;
Thi
r
dandFour
t
hHear
tSound*
2.Cor
onar
yCi
r
cul
at
i
on-phy
si
ol
ogi
canat
omy
,
f
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
ng,
speci
al
f
eat
ur
es;
Angi
naPect
or
i
s
3.Bl
oodPr
essur
e-def
i
ne,
l
ongt
er
mr
egul
at
i
on
4.Ci
r
cul
at
or
yShock*
*-def
i
ne,
cl
assi
f
y
;
Compensat
or
ySt
ageofCi
r
cul
at
or
y
Shock,
Pr
ogr
essi
v
eSt
age,
Hemor
r
hagi
cShockPhy
si
ol
ogi
cal
Basi
sofi
t
s
Management
5.ECG-def
i
ne;
Expl
ai
nECGi
nLeadI
I-di
agr
am;
Hear
tBl
ock
6.MeanAr
t
er
i
al
Bl
oodPr
essur
e-def
i
ne,
enumer
at
emechani
sms
r
egul
at
i
ng;
Bar
or
ecept
orMechani
sm -descr
i
be
7.Regul
at
i
onofBP-cl
assi
f
ymechani
sm;
Shor
tTer
m Regul
at
i
on
8.Def
i
ne-St
r
okeVol
ume,
Car
di
acOut
put
,
Car
di
acI
ndex,
St
r
okeVol
umeI
ndex;
Fact
or
sAf
f
ect
i
ngCar
di
acOut
put
9.Hear
tRat
e-def
i
ne,
f
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
ngandr
egul
at
i
ng
GI
T-Guy
t
on,
f
ormor
econcept
sr
ef
erBRS
SN
1.Funct
i
onsofBi
l
eSal
t
s*
*
,
Composi
t
i
on
2.Pept
i
cUl
cer
*
*
*-et
i
ol
ogy
,
phy
si
ol
ogi
cal
basi
soft
r
eat
ment
3.Regul
at
i
onofGast
r
i
cEmpt
y
i
ng*
4.PhasesofDegl
ut
i
t
i
on-enl
i
st
,
Phar
y
ngeal
Phase*
*-expl
ai
n
5.Mechani
sm ofSecr
et
i
onofHCl
byPar
i
et
al
Cel
l
s,
Gast
r
i
cGl
ands
6.Mov
ementofSmal
l
I
nt
est
i
ne,
Per
i
st
al
t
i
cRush
7.Mechani
sm ofSecr
et
i
onofHCl
*
8.I
mpor
t
anceofDegl
ut
i
t
i
onRef
l
ex
9.Mov
ementofLar
geI
nt
est
i
ne,
Def
ecat
i
onRef
l
ex*
10.
Enumer
at
eGI
THor
mones,
Not
eonGast
r
i
n,
CCK*
*
11.
Regul
at
i
onofGast
r
i
cMot
i
l
i
t
y
12.
Absor
pt
i
onofFat
LAQ
1.Degl
ut
i
t
i
on,
Achal
asi
aCar
di
a
2.Pancr
eat
i
cJui
ce-composi
t
i
on,
f
unct
i
on,
r
egul
at
i
onofsecr
et
i
on
3.Gast
r
i
cGl
ands-enumer
at
e,
secr
et
i
on,
f
unct
i
on;
Tr
eat
mentofPept
i
cUl
cer
*
4.Gast
r
i
cJui
ce-composi
t
i
on;
HCl
Secr
et
i
on-mechani
sm,
f
act
or
sr
egul
at
i
ng*
*
*
Endocr
i
neSy
st
em-Guy
t
on,
mor
eDet
ai
l
sBRS,
Ganong(
Fact
ual
concept
s)
SN
1.Funct
i
onsofI
nsul
i
n
2.Di
abet
esMel
l
i
t
usandI
nsi
pi
dus*-compar
eandcont
r
ast
3.Par
at
hy
r
oi
dhor
mone-f
unct
i
ons,
r
egul
at
i
on
4.Gr
owt
hHor
mone*-met
abol
i
cact
i
on
5.I
nsul
i
nSecr
et
i
on-f
act
or
si
ncr
easi
ng,
ef
f
ecti
npr
omot
i
nggr
owt
h
6.Di
abet
esI
nsi
pi
dus,
Cushi
ngSy
ndr
ome
7.Tet
any
,
Si
gnsofTet
any
,
Tr
eat
ment
8.Cushi
ngSy
ndr
ome*
,
Cl
i
ni
cal
Feat
ur
es
LAQ
1.Gl
ucocor
t
i
coi
ds-r
egul
at
i
onofsecr
et
i
on,
mechani
sm ofact
i
on,
f
unct
i
on,
ef
f
ectofdef
i
ci
ency
2.Thy
r
oi
dHor
moneSy
nt
hesi
sandRel
ease-enumer
at
est
eps,
di
agr
am;
Ant
i
Thy
r
oi
dDr
ugs-act
i
on
3.Hor
monal
Regul
at
i
onofGr
owt
h*
,
Dwar
f
i
sm,
Pi
t
ui
t
ar
y&Thy
r
oi
dDwar
f
Di
f
f
er
ences
4.Thy
r
oi
d*-sy
nt
hesi
s,
mechani
sm ofact
i
on,
r
egul
at
i
onofsecr
et
i
on,
f
unct
i
on;
Endemi
cGoi
t
r
e,
Hy
pot
hy
r
oi
di
sm
5.Cal
ci
um*-i
mpor
t
ance,
r
egul
at
i
on;
Tet
any
,
Ost
eopor
osi
s
6.Adr
enal
Cor
t
ex-enumer
at
ehor
mones;
Fact
or
sRegul
at
i
ngSecr
et
i
onof
Al
dost
er
one
7.Ant
er
i
orPi
t
ui
t
ar
y-enumer
at
ehor
monessecr
et
ed;
Phy
si
ol
ogi
cal
Act
i
onsof
Gr
owt
hHor
mone*
,
Dwar
f
i
sm
Repr
oduct
i
v
eSy
st
em -Guy
t
on,
mor
edet
ai
l
sGanong/
BRS
SN
1.I
ndi
cat
or
sofOv
ul
at
i
on,
Cl
i
ni
cal
Si
gni
f
i
cance
2.Met
hodsofCont
r
acept
i
on*
*
*-t
empor
ar
y
,
Phy
si
ol
ogi
cal
Basi
s
ofOr
al
Cont
r
acept
i
v
es,
Saf
ePer
i
od
3.Sper
mat
ogenesi
s*-descr
i
best
ages,
enl
i
stf
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
ngi
t
4.Phy
si
ol
ogi
cal
Changesi
nPr
egnancy
*
*
*
5.Mat
er
nal
Changesi
nLastTr
i
mest
erofPr
egnancy
6.Mechani
sm ofOv
ul
at
i
on,
Cont
r
acept
i
on-r
hy
t
hm met
hod*
7.Menst
r
ual
Cy
cl
e-phases*
*
8.Ci
r
cul
at
or
yChangesatBi
r
t
h
9.Par
t
ur
i
t
i
on-expl
ai
n,
r
ol
eofoxy
t
oci
n
10.
Lact
at
i
onofej
ect
i
onofmi
l
k-r
ol
e.
ofpr
ol
act
i
nandoxy
t
oci
n
LAQ
1.Menst
r
ual
Cy
cl
e-phases,
hor
monal
cont
r
ol
2. Cy
cl
i
cal
Changesi
nUt
er
usdur
i
ngRepr
oduct
i
v
eLi
f
e,
I
t
sHor
monal
Regul
at
i
on*
RSandTempr
egul
at
i
ons-Guy
t
onandPPT,
mor
edet
ai
l
s
BRS
SN
1.Oxy
genHemogl
obi
nDi
ssoci
at
i
onCur
v
e*
*-dr
aw,
l
abel
,
f
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
ng,
Bohr
'
sEf
f
ect
,
f
act
or
sshi
f
t
i
ngcur
v
et
or
i
ght
,
whati
sP50,
r
ol
eof2,
3BPG
2.Char
act
er
i
st
i
csofPul
monar
yCi
r
cul
at
i
on
3.Accl
i
mat
i
zat
i
ont
oHi
ghAl
t
i
t
ude-enumer
at
ephy
si
ol
ogi
cal
changes,
si
gni
f
i
canceofchanges
4.HeatSt
r
oke
5.HeatLoss*
*
*-enumer
at
emet
hods,
mechani
sm,
mechani
sm ofsweat
i
ng
6.Per
i
pher
al
Chemor
ecept
or
s-char
act
er
i
st
i
cs,
f
unct
i
ons
7.Fact
or
sAf
f
ect
i
ngComposi
t
i
onofAl
v
eol
arAi
r
8.Oxy
genDebt
*
9.Hy
poxi
a*
*
*-def
i
ne,
cl
assi
f
y
,
descr
i
beHy
poxi
cHy
poxi
a
10.
Way
sofHeatLoss,
HeatSt
r
oke
11.
Sur
f
act
ant
*-f
unct
i
ons,
not
eonRDS
12.
Tr
anspor
tofCar
bondi
oxi
de,
Hal
daneEf
f
ect
13.
ResponseofBodywhenexposedt
oExt
r
emeCol
d*
*
,
Hy
pot
her
mi
a,
Useof
I
nducedHy
pot
her
mi
a
14.
Ef
f
ectofExer
ci
seonRespi
r
at
i
on,
whati
sVO2max
15.
Expl
ai
nWor
kofBr
eat
hi
ng*
,
Appl
i
edI
mpor
t
ance,
Enumer
at
eMuscl
esof
Respi
r
at
i
on
16.
Funct
i
onal
Resi
dual
Capaci
t
y-phy
si
ol
ogi
cal
si
gni
f
i
cance
17.
Accl
i
mat
i
zat
i
ont
oHi
ghAl
t
i
t
ude-v
ar
i
ouschanges,
Acut
eMount
ai
nSi
ckness
18.
Hal
daneEf
f
ect
19.
Rol
eofHy
pot
hal
amusi
nTemper
at
ur
eRegul
at
i
on
LAQ
1.Neur
al
Regul
at
i
onofBr
eat
hi
ng*
*
,
Per
i
odi
cBr
eat
hi
ng,
Ondi
ne'
sCur
se*
2.Tr
anspor
tofCO2,
Hal
daneEf
f
ect
,
I
t
sSi
gni
f
i
cance
3.LungCompl
i
ance*-descr
i
be,
f
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
ng;
Hy
al
i
neMembr
aneDi
sease
4.Respi
r
at
or
yMembr
ane*-descr
i
be,
f
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
nggaseousexchange;
Pr
i
nci
pl
eofCOMet
hod
5.Pul
monar
yVent
i
l
at
i
on-mechani
sm;
Posi
t
i
v
ePr
essur
eBr
eat
hi
ng
6.Oxy
genTr
anspor
t-descr
i
bemet
hod
7.Chemi
cal
Cont
r
ol
ofRespi
r
at
i
on
Paper2-
CNS-Guy
t
onandVDj
oshi
,
mor
edet
ai
l
sGanong
Pr
oper
t
i
esofr
ecept
or
s,
sy
napses,
r
ef
l
exsandpost
ur
al
r
ef
l
ex'
sar
egi
v
enwel
l
i
nVD
SN
1.Recept
or
*
*-enumer
at
epr
oper
t
i
es,
anyt
wopr
oper
t
i
esi
ndet
ai
l
2.Ref
er
r
edPai
n*
,
Enumer
at
eDi
f
f
er
entTy
pesofPai
n
3.Lesi
onsofUpperandLowerMot
orNeur
on
4.Funct
i
onsofBasal
Gangl
i
a*
5.Mi
ddl
eEar-f
unct
i
ons
6.Par
ki
nsoni
sm*
*
7.i
.Pat
hwayofPr
opr
i
ocept
i
v
eSensat
i
onsf
r
om Per
i
pher
yt
o
Cor
t
exi
i
.Sensor
yAt
ax
i
a-def
i
ne,
di
f
f
er
encef
r
om Cer
ebel
l
ar
At
axi
a
8.REM Sl
eep*
*
,
Nar
col
epsy
9.Muscl
eSpi
ndl
e*-di
agr
am,
f
unct
i
on
10.
Speech
11.
Descendi
ngPai
nI
nhi
bi
t
i
ngSy
st
em
12.
Aphasi
a-def
i
ne,
di
f
f
er
entt
y
pes
13.
Di
f
f
er
entt
y
pesofPai
n,
Tr
ansmi
ssi
onofPai
nt
hr
oughNeospi
not
hal
ami
cPat
hway
14.
Ascendi
ngTr
act
s-name;
Label
l
edDi
agr
am ofPai
nPat
hway
15.
LowerMot
orNeur
on-def
i
ne,
f
eat
ur
esofLMNpar
al
y
si
s
16.
I
mpor
t
antAr
easofFr
ont
al
Lobe-di
agr
am,
Funct
i
onsofPr
ef
r
ont
al
Lobe
17.
Sensor
yRecept
or
s,
Adapt
at
i
onandI
nt
ensi
t
yDi
scr
i
mi
nat
i
on
18.
FastandSl
owPai
n
19.
Memor
y-def
i
ne,
t
y
pes;
Al
z
hei
mer
'
s
LAQ
1.Ascendi
ngTr
act
s*
*-enumer
at
e;
i
.
Dor
sal
Col
umnSy
st
em -or
i
gi
n,
cour
se,
t
er
mi
nat
i
on;
Phant
om Li
mb
i
i
.
Pat
hwayf
orTouchSensat
i
on-descr
i
be
i
i
i
. Pat
hwayf
orLi
neTouchSensat
i
on,
LawofPr
oj
ect
i
on
2.Muscl
eSpi
ndl
e-di
agr
am;
Rol
eofSt
r
et
chRef
l
exi
nCont
r
ol
l
i
ngMuscl
eofTone
3.Funct
i
onsofHy
pot
hal
amus*
*-enumer
at
e,
expl
ai
nanyt
hr
eei
ndet
ai
l
4.Basal
Gangl
i
a*-connect
i
ons,
f
unct
i
ons;
Par
ki
nsoni
sm -cl
i
ni
cal
f
eat
ur
es
5.Cer
ebel
l
um*
*-f
unct
i
ons,
connect
i
ons,
appl
i
edi
mpor
t
ance
6.Compl
et
eTr
ansact
i
onofSpi
nal
Cor
d-ef
f
ect
s
7.Py
r
ami
dal
Tr
act
s*-or
i
gi
n,
cour
se,
t
er
mi
nat
i
on,
f
unct
i
on,
appl
i
ed
8.LobesofNeocor
t
ex–f
unct
i
ons
Renal
Phy
si
ol
ogy
-Guy
t
on,
BRS,
Mor
econcept
s-Cheng,
Fact
sGanong
SN
1.JGA-di
agr
am,
f
unct
i
ons*
*
2.Count
er
cur
r
entMul
t
i
pl
i
erMechani
sm
3.Rol
eofKi
dneyi
nAci
dBaseBal
ance*
*
4.i
.Tr
anspor
tMaxi
mum -def
i
ne
i
i
.Mechani
sm ofGl
ucoseReabsor
pt
i
oni
nRenal
Tubul
es
5.GFR-def
i
ne,
f
act
or
s*
*
*
;
Tubul
arGl
omer
ul
arFeedback,
Gl
omer
ul
arTubul
ar
Bal
ance
6.Cy
st
omet
r
ogr
aphy
*
7.PCT-f
unct
i
ons
8.Count
er
cur
r
entMechani
sm
9.I
nner
v
at
i
onofUr
i
nar
yBl
adder
,
Mi
ct
ur
i
t
i
onRef
l
ex*
*
LAQ
1.GFR*
*
*
*
-def
i
ne,
enumer
at
ef
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
ng,
met
hodsofmeasur
ement
,
r
egul
at
i
on
2.Phy
si
ol
ogyofMi
ct
ur
i
t
i
on*
;
Cy
st
omet
r
ogr
am
3.DCT-f
unct
i
ons
4.Mi
l
l
euI
nt
er
i
or-def
i
ne;
Rol
eofKi
dneyi
nMai
nt
ai
ni
ngOsmol
ar
i
t
yofBody
Fl
ui
d*
*-Ver
yi
mpconceptr
eadf
r
om BRSandCheng
Speci
al
Senses
SN
1.Vi
sual
Pat
hway
**
-di
agr
am,
l
esi
ons,
het
er
ony
moushemi
anopi
a
2.Dar
kAdapt
at
i
on*
*-def
i
ne,
si
gni
f
i
cance
3.Or
ganofCor
t
i
4.Accommodat
i
onofEy
e*
,
Accommodat
i
onRef
l
ex*-descr
i
be,
si
gni
f
i
cance;
Pr
esby
opi
a
5.Pl
acePr
i
nci
pl
e,
Ex
pl
ai
nRol
eofBasi
l
arMembr
anei
nPer
cept
i
onofSound*
*
6.Col
ourVi
si
on
7.I
mpedanceMat
chi
ng,
CausesofConduct
i
v
eDeaf
ness
8.Ol
f
act
or
yPat
hway
*
9.Er
r
or
sofRef
r
act
i
on;
My
opi
a,
Ast
i
gmat
i
sm -f
eat
ur
es,
cor
r
ect
i
on
10.
Tast
eSensat
i
onPat
hway
,
Basi
cModal
i
t
i
esofTast
e,
Ty
pesofPapi
l
l
ae
LAQ
1.Mechani
sm ofHear
i
ng-descr
i
be;
Pi
t
chDi
scr
i
mi
nat
i
on*
*
2.Col
ourVi
si
on-mechani
sm;
Col
ourBl
i
ndness*
3.Accommodat
i
on*-def
i
ne,
mechani
sm,
neur
al
pat
hway
;
Pr
esby
opi
a
4.Phot
ochemi
st
r
yofVi
si
on*
,
Dar
kAdapt
at
i
on
5.Mi
ddl
eEar-r
ol
e;
Or
ganofCor
t
i
Ner
v
e-Guy
t
on,
mor
econcept
sBer
nandLev
y
,
Fact
s-Ganong
Muscl
e-I
nduKhur
r
ana,
mor
econcept
sVander
,
Ganong
SN
1.Exci
t
at
i
onCont
r
act
i
onCoupl
i
ng
2.Act
i
onPot
ent
i
al
-def
i
ne,
compar
ei
oni
cbasi
sofl
ar
gemy
el
i
nat
edner
v
e
f
i
br
eandSAN*
*
3.NMJ-di
agr
am*
,
My
ast
heni
aGr
av
i
s,
EndPl
at
ePot
ent
i
al
-def
i
ne,
gener
at
i
on
4.Pr
oper
t
i
esofNev
erFi
br
es
5.Fact
or
sRegul
at
i
ngFor
ceofSkel
et
al
Muscl
eCont
r
act
i
on,
Mot
orUni
t-def
i
ne
6.Ref
r
act
or
yPer
i
od
7.Sar
cot
ubul
arSy
st
em
8.RedMuscl
eandPal
eMuscl
e,
I
sot
oni
candI
somet
r
i
cCont
r
act
i
on
9.Sal
t
at
or
yConduct
i
ons,
Fact
or
sAf
f
ect
i
ngConduct
i
onVel
oci
t
y
10.
Compar
e,
Cont
r
astAPandExci
t
at
or
yPostSy
napt
i
cPot
ent
i
al
Neur
ons
11.
RMP-def
i
ne,
expl
ai
ni
oni
cbasi
sofRMPi
nner
v
ef
i
br
e*
*
12.
Mol
ecul
arBasi
sofMuscl
eCont
r
act
i
on
13.
Neur
on-di
agr
am,
Ner
v
eI
mpul
se-def
i
ne
14.
Ty
pesofNer
v
eDamage
15.
Cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
onofNer
v
ef
i
br
e
LAQ
1.Genesi
sofAct
i
onPot
ent
i
al
-descr
i
be;
Pr
oper
t
i
esofAP-enumer
at
e*
*
*
2.Sar
comer
e*-def
i
ne,
di
agr
am;
Sl
i
di
ngFi
l
amentTheor
y-expl
ai
n
3.RMP-def
i
ne,
f
act
or
scont
r
i
but
i
ng;
PhasesofAP
4.NMJ*-di
agr
am;
Descr
i
beNeur
omuscul
arTr
ansmi
ssi
on;
My
ast
heni
aGr
av
i
s*
*
5.Sy
napt
i
cTr
ansmi
ssi
on-mechani
sm;
Sy
napse-t
wopr
oper
t
i
es*
6.Mol
ecul
arBasi
sofSkel
et
al
Muscl
eCont
r
act
i
on*
7.Muscl
eTone-def
i
ne,
r
egul
at
i
on
8.i
.RMP-def
i
ne
i
i
.I
oni
cBasi
sf
orDev
el
opmentofRMPandAP
Bl
ood--I
nduKhur
ana,
VDJoshi
,
pl
at
el
es-Guy
t
on,
I
ndu
Khur
r
ana,
VD
SN
1.I
nt
r
i
nsi
cPat
hwayofCoagul
at
i
on
2.Rol
eofBLy
mphocy
t
es
3.Bl
oodGr
oup-cl
assi
f
y
,
Er
y
t
hr
obl
ast
osi
sFoet
al
i
s*
4.Mi
smat
chedBl
oodTr
ansf
usi
on*
5.Funct
i
onsofPl
asmaPr
ot
ei
ns
6.I
mmuni
t
y
*-def
i
ne,
pr
i
mar
yandsecondar
yi
mmuner
esponseandi
t
s
r
ol
ei
nv
acci
nat
i
on,
r
ol
eofTcel
l
s
7.Landst
ei
ner
'
sLaw,
I
mpor
t
anceofRhBl
oodGr
oup*
8.CD4Cel
l
s
9.Pl
at
el
et
s-nor
mal
count
,
f
unct
i
ons
10.
Er
y
t
hr
obl
ast
osi
sf
oet
al
i
s-f
eat
ur
es,
t
r
eat
ment
11.
Bl
eedi
ngTi
me,
Cl
ot
t
i
ngTi
me-def
i
ne,
I
nt
r
i
nsi
cPat
hway-descr
i
be
LAQ
1.Coagul
at
i
on-def
i
ne,
f
l
owchar
t
;
Bl
eedi
ngandCl
ot
t
i
ngDi
sor
der
sdi
f
f
er
ences,
exampl
es*
*
2.I
mmuni
t
y
*-def
i
ne,
cl
assi
f
y
;
Cel
l
Medi
at
edI
mmuni
t
y
;
Humor
al
I
mmuni
t
y
,
Vacci
nat
i
on
3.Cl
ot
t
i
ng-def
i
ne;
Mechani
sm ofBl
oodCoagul
at
i
on-f
l
owchar
t
;
Ant
i
coagul
ant
s-name
4.WBC-cl
assi
f
y
,
mor
phol
ogy
,
f
unct
i
on
5.Er
y
t
hr
opoi
esi
s
Gener
al
Phy
si
ol
ogy-ExamsVD/
Guy
t
on,
Qui
z-Ganong
SN
1.Homeost
asi
s*
*-def
i
ne,
compar
ebet
weenf
eedbacksy
st
ems
2.Tr
anspor
tMechani
sm Acr
ossCel
l
Membr
ane,
Secondar
yAct
i
v
eTr
anspor
t
*
3.Osmosi
s
LAQ
1.Tr
anspor
tMechani
sm -descr
i
be,
exampl
es
Pr
act
i
cal
s
1.Ref
ert
oVDj
oshi
pr
act
i
cal
bookandJour
nal
2.Mor
eDet
ai
l
sofCl
i
ni
cal
phy
si
o-Pj
Meht
a
BI
OCHEMI
STRY
Cl
i
ni
cal
Bi
ochem
Ref
ert
oAl
l
t
hecasesgi
v
enbehi
ndSat
y
anar
ay
an,
Theycomeoutofi
mps
aswel
l
.
Ref
ert
ot
heBookl
ett
hatcomesal
ongwi
t
hSi
nghal
,
Doal
l
t
hecases
f
r
om i
t
Paper1
Pr
ot
ei
nMet
abol
i
sm
SN
1.Met
abol
i
sm ofTy
r
osi
ne(
pg345)
2.Bi
ogeni
cAmi
nes(
pg375)
3.Met
abol
i
sm ofGl
y
ci
ne(
pg341)
4.Al
kapt
onur
i
a(
pg352)
LAQ
1.I
nbor
nEr
r
or
sofMet
abol
i
sm ofTy
r
osi
ne*andPheny
l
al
ani
ne
2.For
mat
i
onandFat
eofAmmoni
a*
*
3.Ur
eaCy
cl
eandAbnor
mal
i
t
i
es*
*
*
4.Al
kapt
onur
i
a-Bi
ochemi
cal
Basi
s,
Test
sf
orDi
agnosi
s
5.Gl
y
ci
ne-sy
nt
hesi
s,
i
nhi
bi
t
i
on,
speci
al
i
sedpr
oduct
sf
or
med
6.Tr
ansami
nat
i
on,
Deami
nat
i
on,
Ammoni
aToxi
ci
t
y
Nucl
eot
i
deMet
abol
i
sm
SN
1.Pur
i
neSal
v
agePat
hway
*
*(
pg391)
2.Hy
per
ur
i
cemi
a(
pg394)
3.Gout
*
*(
pg394)
4.Cat
abol
i
sm ofPur
i
nes(
pg392)
Hemogl
obi
n
SN
1.Hemogl
obi
nopat
hi
esandexampl
es(
pg203)
2.Abnor
mal
Hemogl
obi
n*
*-changesi
nAAsequence(
pg202)
LAQ
1.Cat
abol
i
sm ofHeme*
,
Hemol
y
t
i
cJaundi
ce
2.For
mat
i
onandFat
eofBi
l
i
r
ubi
n;
Jaundi
ce
3.Bi
osy
nt
hesi
sandDegr
adat
i
onofHeme
4.Heme-bi
osy
nt
hesi
s,
r
egul
at
i
on*
;
I
nt
er
mi
t
t
entPor
phy
r
i
a
Vi
t
ami
ns
SN
1.Coenzy
mesofThi
ami
neofPy
r
i
doxi
ne-t
wobi
ochemi
cal
f
unct
i
onsofeach
2.Funct
i
onsofFol
i
cAci
d(
pg150)
3.Def
i
ci
encyMani
f
est
at
i
onofVi
t
ami
nA(
pg118)
4.Coenzy
meFunct
i
onofFol
i
cAci
dandB12(
pg150)
5.Wal
d'
sVi
sual
Cy
cl
e(
pg129)
6.Act
i
v
at
i
onofChol
ecal
ci
f
er
ol
,
Just
i
f
i
cat
i
onasaHor
mone(
pg124)
LAQ
Vi
t
-ACDB1,
2,
3,
6,
9,
12
Enzy
mes
SN
1.I
soenzy
mesandCl
i
ni
cal
Appl
i
cat
i
on*
*
*(
pg109)
2.Enzy
mesandI
soenzy
mesi
nMy
ocar
di
al
I
nf
ar
ct
i
on*
*(
pg112)
3.Enzy
mesofDi
agnost
i
c,
Anal
y
t
i
candTher
apeut
i
cI
mpor
t
ance*(
pg105)
4.Km Val
ue(
pg88)
5.Act
i
v
at
i
onEner
gyofEnzy
me-ESCompl
ex(
pg98)
LAQ
1.Enzy
mes-def
i
ni
t
i
on,
f
act
or
saf
f
ect
i
ngenzy
meact
i
v
i
t
y
*
2.Enzy
meI
nhi
bi
t
i
on-Compet
i
t
i
v
eandNonCompet
i
t
i
v
e*
*
3.Enzy
mes-cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
on,
ex
ampl
es,
I
soenzy
mes
4.Ty
pesofEnzy
meI
nhi
bi
t
or
s
Bi
ol
ogi
cal
Oxi
dat
i
on
SN
1.Subst
r
at
eLev
el
Phosphor
y
l
at
i
on(
pg224)
2.Oxi
dat
i
v
ePhosphor
y
l
at
i
on*
*
*andTher
mogeni
n(
pg228)
3.Mal
at
eAspar
t
at
eShut
t
l
e*(
pg234)
4.I
nhi
bi
t
or
sofETC(
pg232)
5.Uncoupl
er
sofOxi
dat
i
v
ePhosphor
y
l
at
i
on(
pg233)
6.Di
f
f
er
encebet
weenOxi
dat
i
v
eandSubst
r
at
eLev
el
Phosphor
y
l
at
i
on
LAQ
1.Expl
ai
nETC,
Ment
i
onSi
t
esof
1.ATPSy
nt
hesi
sandI
nhi
bi
t
or
sofETC*
*
2.Oxi
dat
i
v
ePhosphor
y
l
at
i
on
3.Expl
ai
nETC,
I
nhi
bi
t
or
sandUncoupl
er
sofOxi
dat
i
v
ePhosphor
y
l
at
i
on
Mol
ecul
arBi
ol
ogy
SN
1.Genet
i
cCode*
*
*(
pg551)
2.Mut
at
i
on*-CausesandTy
pes(
pg535)
3.Recombi
nantDNATechnol
ogyAppl
i
cat
i
on*
4.Rev
er
seTr
anscr
i
pt
i
on(
pg550)
5.DNARepl
i
cat
i
on(
pg524)
6.PCR(
pg534)
7.LacOper
on(
pg567)
LAQ
1.Pr
ot
ei
nBi
osy
nt
hesi
s*andI
nhi
bi
t
or
s,
Regul
at
i
on
2.DNARepl
i
cat
i
on,
TwoI
nhi
bi
t
or
sofRepl
i
cat
i
on
3.Genet
i
cCode-sal
i
entf
eat
ur
es,
Wobbl
e'
sHy
pot
hesi
s
4.Tr
anscr
i
pt
i
on,
Post
Tr
anscr
i
pt
i
onal
Modi
f
i
cat
i
on,
TwoAnt
i
bi
ot
i
cs
I
nhi
bi
t
i
ngt
hepr
ocess
Pr
ot
ei
ns
SN
1.Bi
ol
ogi
cal
l
yI
mpor
t
antPept
i
des*(
pg65)
2.Secondar
yandTer
t
i
ar
ySt
r
uct
ur
eofPr
ot
ei
ns*
*(
pg56)
3.t
RNAAndI
t
sFunct
i
ons*
*
*(
pg81)
4.Secondar
ySt
r
uct
ur
eofPr
ot
ei
n(
pg56)
5.Funct
i
onal
Cl
assi
f
i
cat
i
onofPr
ot
ei
ns(
pg63)
6.Conj
ugat
edPr
ot
ei
ns(
pg64)
Nucl
eot
i
des
SN
1.FourBi
ochemi
cal
Funct
i
onsofNucl
eot
i
des*
2.St
r
uct
ur
eofDNA
Fr
eeRadi
cal
sandAnt
i
oxi
dant
s
SN
1.Ant
i
oxi
dant
s(
pg655)
2.Ant
i
oxi
dantEnzy
mes*
,
Vi
t
ami
nsandMi
ner
al
s
3.Fr
eeRadi
cal
sandAnt
i
oxi
dant
s
Nut
r
i
t
i
on
SN
1.Expl
ai
nt
heRol
eofDi
et
ar
yFi
br
es*(
pg508)
2.BMR-def
i
ni
t
i
on,
f
act
or
s(
pg504)
3.Pr
ot
ei
nEner
gyMal
nut
r
i
t
i
on*
*
*(
pg516)
4.Kwashi
or
kor
*-Bi
ochemi
cal
Al
t
er
at
i
onsandTr
eat
ment(
pg516)
Pl
asmaPr
ot
ei
ns
SN
1.I
mmunogl
obul
i
n-di
agr
am,
descr
i
beanyoneI
gi
ndet
ai
l
*(
pg186)
2.Funct
i
onsofAl
bumi
n(
pg183)
Paper2
Car
bohy
dr
at
eMet
abol
i
sm
SN
1.Si
gni
f
i
canceofHMPShunt
*(
pg270)
2.Rapapor
tLeuber
i
ngCy
cl
e,
Si
gni
f
i
cance(
pg251)
3.Gl
y
cogenSt
or
ageDi
sease*-enzy
medef
ect
s,
cl
i
ni
cal
mani
f
est
at
i
on(
pg269)
LAQ
1.Gl
y
col
y
t
i
cPat
hwayi
nEr
y
t
hr
ocy
t
es,
Si
gni
f
i
cance,
Di
f
f
er
encef
r
om Gl
y
col
y
si
s
(
pg251)
2.Gl
y
cogenol
y
si
s,
Regul
at
i
on,
Gl
y
cogenSt
or
ageDi
seases*(
pg265)
3.TCACy
cl
e,
Amphi
bol
i
cNat
ur
e*(
pg252)
4.HMPShunt
*
,
Si
gni
f
i
cance(
pg270)
5.Met
abol
i
sm ofGl
y
cogen,
Hor
monal
Regul
at
i
on*(
pg263)
Li
pi
dMet
abol
i
sm
SN
1.Chol
est
er
ol
-bi
omedi
cal
i
mpor
t
ance(
pg315)
2.Chol
est
er
ol
-met
abol
i
sm,
f
unct
i
on(
pg309)
3.Li
popr
ot
ei
ns*(
pg317)
4.Fat
t
yLi
v
er
*andLi
pot
r
opt
i
cFact
or
s*(
pg322)
5.Ket
osi
s(
pg296)
LAQ
1.Chol
est
er
ol
Sy
nt
hesi
s*
*
*-namer
egul
at
or
yenzy
me,
nor
mal
l
ev
el
,
f
unct
i
ons,
expl
ai
nr
ol
ei
nAt
her
oscl
er
osi
s(
pg308)
2.Ket
osi
s,
Sy
nt
hesi
sandFat
eofKet
oneBodi
es(
pg293)
3.Bet
aOxi
dat
i
onofPal
mi
t
i
cAci
d,
Regul
at
i
on,
Ener
get
i
cs*
*(
pg290)
4.Rol
esofLDL,
HDLi
nChol
est
er
ol
Tr
anspor
t
,
Rol
ei
nAt
her
oscl
er
osi
s(
pg320,
326)
5.Fat
eofAcet
y
l
CoA,
Fat
t
yAci
dSy
nt
hesi
s(
pg297)
Mi
ner
al
Met
abol
i
sm
SN
1.Regul
at
i
onofSer
um Cal
ci
um Lev
el
(
pg407)
2.Rol
eofCal
ci
um asSecondMessenger(
pg405)
3.Absor
pt
i
onofI
r
on(
pg414)
LAQ
1.Pl
asmaCal
ci
um Lev
el
-hor
monal
r
egul
at
i
on,
f
unct
i
on,
def
i
ci
ency
mani
f
est
at
i
on(
pg407)
*
*
*
2.I
r
on*(
pg414)
3.Cal
ci
um*(
pg404)
4.Cal
ci
um andPhosphor
us(
pg404,
409)
5.CopperandZi
nc(
pg416,
419)
6.I
r
onandI
odi
ne(
pg414,
418)
7.Fact
or
sI
nf
l
uenci
ngCal
ci
um Absor
pt
i
on,
Funct
i
ons(
pg404)
I
nt
egr
at
i
onofMet
abol
i
sm
SN
1.Shor
tTer
m St
ar
v
at
i
on-met
abol
i
cchanges(
pg383)
2.Bi
ochemi
cal
Changesi
nSt
ar
v
at
i
on*
*(
pg383)
3.MostSev
er
ePhaseofSt
ar
v
at
i
on-bi
ochemi
cal
changes(
Pankaj
a-pg276)
LAQ
1.St
ar
v
at
i
onMet
abol
i
sm*(
pg383)
Aci
dBaseBal
ance
SN
1.Buf
f
er
s*
*(
pg475)
2.Rol
eofKi
dneyi
nAci
dBaseBal
ance(
pg477)
3.AnyTwoBuf
f
erSy
st
ems(
pg475)
4.Met
abol
i
cAci
dosi
s*
,
I
t
sCompensat
i
on(
pg481)
LAQ
1.Met
abol
i
cAci
dosi
s*-causes,
expl
ai
ncompensat
or
yr
ol
eofbl
oodbuf
f
er
s
andki
dney(
pg481)
2.Bl
oodpH-mai
nt
enance,
di
sor
der
sassoci
at
edwi
t
haci
dbasebal
ance(
pg474)
3.Wat
erandEl
ect
r
ol
y
t
eBal
ance(
pg469)
4.Aci
dBaseBal
ance,
I
mbal
ance,
Causes(
pg474)
I
nsul
i
n,
Gl
ucoseHomeost
asi
sandDM
SN
1.DM -met
abol
i
cchanges*(
pg681)
LAQ
1.Hor
monal
Regul
at
i
onofBl
oodGl
ucoseLev
el
*
*
,
Si
gni
f
i
cance,
Not
eon
Gl
y
cosur
i
a(
pg674,
681)
Or
ganFunct
i
onTest
s
SN
1.Cr
eat
i
ni
neCl
ear
anceTest
*
*
,
Expl
anat
i
on,
Si
gni
f
i
cance(
pg461)
2.Ur
eaCl
ear
ance(
pg461)
LAQ
1.Li
v
erFunct
i
onTest
s*
*-enumer
at
e,
descr
i
beLFTbasedonexcr
et
or
y
f
unct
i
on(
pg453)
Car
bohy
dr
at
es
SN
1.Hy
al
ur
oni
cAci
d-bi
omedi
cal
i
mpor
t
ance(
pg23)
2.GAGS,
Si
gni
f
i
cance*
*
*(
pg25)
Li
pi
d
SN
1.Phosphol
i
pi
ds-cl
assi
f
y
,
exampl
es,
onei
mpor
t
anceofeach
2.Essent
i
al
Fat
t
yAci
ds(
pg31)
Di
gest
i
onandAbsor
pt
i
on
SN
1.Di
gest
i
onandAbsor
pt
i
onofLi
pi
ds(
pg173)
Hor
mones
SN
1.Gr
oupI
IHor
mones-di
agr
am,
mechani
sm,
exampl
e(
pg428)
2.NameDi
f
f
er
entTy
pesofMessengerHor
mones,
Rol
eofcAMP*(
pg430)
3.Mechani
sm ofHy
dr
ophi
l
i
cHor
mones
4.Mechani
sm ofSt
er
oi
dHor
mones*
Cancer
SN
1.TumourMar
ker
s*
*
*-f
ourexampl
es(
pg691)
2.Oncogenes*
*andPr
ot
ooncogenes*(
pg687)
3.Chemi
cal
Car
ci
nogens*(
pg686)
Det
oxi
f
i
cat
i
on
SN
1.Conj
ugat
i
on*
*-ex
ampl
es(
pg640)
2.Det
oxi
f
i
cat
i
onbyOxi
dat
i
onandHy
dr
ol
y
si
s(
pg639)
3.Met
abol
i
sm ofXenobi
ot
i
cs-phase1r
eact
i
on*(
pg638)
LCD
SN
1.El
ect
r
ophor
esi
s*-appl
i
cat
i
on,
pr
i
nci
pl
e
2.Chr
omat
ogr
aphy
*-pr
i
nci
pl
e,
appl
i
cat
i
on,
t
y
pe*
3.Fl
amePhot
omet
er-pr
i
nci
pl
e,
par
t
s,
i
mpor
t
ance
Ov
er
v
i
ewofBi
ophy
si
cal
Chemi
st
r
y
SN
1.Radi
oi
sot
opes-di
agnost
i
c,
t
her
apeut
i
csi
gni
f
i
cance,
appl
i
cat
i
on*
*(
pg717)
Pr
act
i
cal
Opent
heJour
nal
j
ust23day
sbef
or
et
heexam,
mugi
tup.
Labt
echni
ci
anar
ev
er
yhel
pf
ul
dur
i
ngt
heexam,
t
heywi
l
l
hel
py
ouget
t
her
esul
t
s.