Department of Education-Region III
TARLAC CITY SCHOOLS DIVISION
LEARNING RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SECTION
SSES SCIENCE 6
Quarter 1 Week 5
The Nervous System
Name: ___________________________
Section: __________________________
SCIENCE 6
Quarter 1 Week 5
The Nervous System
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Joan A. Bugtong
Editor: Aiisa C. Corpuz, PhD
Reviewer: Lilybeth B. Mallari
Illustrator: Genesis C. Dador
Layout Artist: Joan A. Bugtong
Management Team:
Maria Carmen P. Cuenco, EdD, CESO VI
Michelle A. Mejica, EdD.
Robert E. Osongco, EdD.
Aiisa C. Corpuz, PhD.
Lilibeth B. Mallari
This Learner’s Activity Sheet is written in support of the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum. This is to assure that learners achieve the expected learning
competencies for the Grade Level.
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I.
PRE – ASSESSMENT
Direction: Read and analyze each question carefully then encircle the letter of the correct
answer.
1. This system controls everything you do.
A. Nervous System
B. Skeletal System
C. Muscular System
D. Circulatory System
2. Without the nervous system you couldn’t________
A. walk
B. breathe
C. think
D. all of the above
3. The nervous system is made up of these parts.
A. brain, heart, and spinal cord
B. brain, spinal cord, and nerves
C. nerves, arteries, and veins
D. nerves, liver, and heart
4. Which part of the body is the control system for the nervous system?
A. spinal cord
B. stomach
C. brain
D. heart
5. The autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of the____
A. parasympathetic nervous system.
B. central nervous system.
C. peripheral nervous system.
D. sympathetic nervous system.
6. Which of the following lobes of brain is involved in personality characteristics,
movement, and recognition?
A. Parietal Lobe
B. Occipital Lobe
C. Frontal Lobe
D. Temporal Lobe
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7. Which part of the brain helps keep your balance so you don’t fall flat on your face?
a. cerebellum
b. medulla oblangata
c. pituitary gland
d. spinal cord
8. When you get clammy palms or a racing heart when you have to play a solo or give a
speech, what particular nerves is in control of these responses?
A. nerves of the sympathetic division
B. nerves of the parasympathetic division
C. nerves of the sensory division
D. nerves of the motor division
9. The brain creates connections, or pathways, between these microscopic cells.
a. blood cells
b. neurons
c. brain tissues
d. pituitary gland
10. Which of the following is the function of Pons?
A. control areas for eye and face movements
B. control centers for the heart and lungs
C. coordinates body movements
D. serves as an information highway
II.
Discussion
Brief Introduction
The human body is like a machine that is uniquely designed to perform different tasks
made up of many cells, tissues, and organs that play specific roles. It is made up of parts
that work together
in an orderly way to perform similar functions. A group of body organs working together
to perform a function is called an organ system. Just like the nervous system that is
responsible for our thoughts, our emotions, our senses, and our movements. The brain,
nerves, and spinal cord are all members of this important process.
Learning Competency to be developed:
Explain the parts and functions of the nervous System, Lymphatic and Endocrine
Systems (using multi-media and non-multi-media resources)
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Objectives:
1. Identify the parts of the nervous system and describe the function
of each part.
2. Explain how the parts of the nervous system work together
3. Identify common ailments of the Nervous system.
4. Enumerate healthful habits that promote proper functioning of the
nervous system.
A. Let’s Recall
Activity 1-Brain Teasers
Direction: Let’s have a brain workout with these brain teasers! Write your answer on the
blank.
1. There are three houses. One is red, one is blue, and one is white. If the red house is to the
left of the house in the middle, and the blue house is to the right to the house in the middle,
where is the white house?_______________
2. Mike is a butcher. He is 5’10” tall. What does he weigh? _____________
3. You are driving a bus. At the first stop, two women get on. The second stop, three men get
on and one woman gets off. At the third stop, three kids and their mom get on, and a man
gets off. The bus is grey, and it is raining outside. What color is the bus driver’s hair?
________________
4. A doctor and a bus driver are both in love with the same woman, an attractive girl named
Sarah. The bus driver had to go on a long bus trip that would last a week. Before he left, he
gave Sarah seven apples. Why? _______________
5. A red house is made from red bricks. A blue house is made from blue bricks. A yellow
house is made from yellow bricks. What is a green house made from? ______________
6. Turn me on my side and I am everything. Cut me in half and I am nothing. What am I?
__________________.
7. There is a word in the English language in which the first two letters signify a male, the first
three letters signify a female, the first four signify a great man, and the whole word, a great
woman. What is the word? __________________
8. What is harder to catch the faster you run? _________________
9. What has cities, but no houses; forests, but no trees; and water, but no fish? __________
10. A man stands on one side of a river, his dog on the other. The man calls his dog, who
immediately crosses the river without getting wet and without using a bridge or a boat. How
did the dog do it? _________________
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B. Let’s Understand
Activity 2- Read and Understand
Direction:Take a look at the picture. Read and analyze the short story below then
answer the questions that follow.
.
https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/en/view-image.php?image=32987&picture=summer-garden.
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/boy-paper-men-s-clipart-cute-kids-2841686/.
This is Ben. He loves to go to a garden and look for different insects and birds and
capture them using his camera. Ben uses his eyes to look for birds and insects. What his
eyes are really doing is taking light input and converting it into electrical signals that are
sent to the brain. Ben's eyes are sensory organs or organs which are devoted to gathering
sensory input, and sending it to the brain. The brain then interprets these signals and
converts them into a visual image which is how Ben sees the birds and insects in the
garden. Not only does Ben's brain give him a visual image, but it also categorizes what
Ben sees, so he immediately thinks, 'There are birds and insects in the garden. The
working force of the nervous system that do all of these things that allow Ben to see those
birds and insects and recognize them are called neurons. Neurons are specialized cells
of the nervous system that transmit signals throughout the body.
Discussion Questions:
1. What part of your body is considered the main control station?
_____________________________________________________________
2. How are messages sent through your body to and from your brain?
_____________________________________________________________
3. What do you think are the parts of your body that are included in your nervous
system?
_____________________________________________________________
3. What are nerve cells or neurons?
_____________________________________________________________
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4. How do these nerve cells make connections within the brain and relay messages?
_____________________________________________________________
5. How do you think your body react when it feels pain?
_____________________________________________________________
A. Let’s Explain
The Nervous System is like a network that relays messages back and forth from the
brain to different parts of the body. These messages allow you to do things like walk, think,
feel, be scared, and even breathe. The brain is the central computer that controls all the
functions of your body.
What are the main functions of the Nervous System?
1. Gathers information from both inside and outside the body - Sensory Function
2. Transmits information to the processing areas of the brain and spine
3. Processes the information in the brain and spine – Integration Function
4. Sends information to the muscles, glands, and organs so they can respond
appropriately – Motor Function
It controls and coordinates all essential functions of the body including all other body
systems allowing the body to maintain homeostasis or its delicate balance.
What are the 2 Major Divisions of the Nervous System?
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wsu-sandbox/chapter/parts-of-the-nervous-system/
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1. The Central Nervous System (CNS)
The Central Nervous System is responsible for actions, such as sensing your
surroundings with your eyes, sensing the environment inside your body, including
temperature, controls your internal body system, and uses language, think, learn,
and remember. The CNS is composed of the following parts.
The Brain
The brain is the most complex organ of the
human body and the control center of the
nervous system. It contains an astonishing 100
billion neurons! The brain controls such mental
processes as reasoning, imagination, memory,
and language. It also interprets information from
the senses. In addition, it controls basic
physical processes such as breathing and
heartbeat.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_Brain.png
Three Major Parts of the Brain
1. The cerebrum is the largest part of the
brain. It controls conscious functions such as
reasoning, language, sight, touch, and hearing.
It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves. The
hemispheres are very similar but not identical to
one another. They are connected by a thick
bundle of axons deep within the brain. Each
hemisphere is further divided into the four lobes.
Cerebrum
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_showing_some_of_the_main_areas_of_the_brain_CRUK_188.svg
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2. The cerebellum is just
below
the
cerebrum.
It
coordinates body movements.
Many nerve pathways link the
cerebellum with motor neurons
throughout the body.
Cerebellum
3. The brain stem (middle of brain)
includes the midbrain, the pons, and the
medulla. Functions of this area include:
movement of the eyes and mouth, relaying
sensory messages (such as hot, pain, and
loud), respirations, consciousness, cardiac
function, involuntary muscle movements,
sneezing,
coughing,
vomiting,
and
swallowing.
Brain stem
Pons. A deep part of the brain,
located in the brainstem, the pons
contains many of the control areas for
eye and face movements.
Medulla. The lowest part of the
brainstem, the medulla is the most vital
part of the entire brain and contains
important control centers for the heart
and lungs.
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Spinal Cord
The spinal cord is a thin, tubular
bundle of nervous tissue that
extends from the brainstem and
continues down the center of the
back to the pelvis. It is protected by
the vertebrae, which encase it. The
spinal cord serves as an information
superhighway, passing messages
from the body to the brain and from
the brain to the body.
Spinal Cord
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Four Lobes of the Cerebrum
•
•
•
•
Frontal lobe. The largest section of the brain located in the front of the
head, the frontal lobe is involved in personality characteristics and
movement. Recognition of smell usually involves parts of the frontal lobe.
Parietal lobe. The middle part of the brain, the parietal lobe helps a person
to identify objects and understand spatial relationships (where one's body
is compared to objects around the person). The parietal lobe is also
involved in interpreting pain and touch in the body.
Occipital lobe. The occipital lobe is the back part of the brain that is
involved with vision.
Temporal lobe. The sides of the brain, these temporal lobes are involved
in short-term memory, speech, musical rhythm, and some degree of smell
recognition.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BrainLobesLabelled.jpg
2. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Consists of all the nervous tissue that lies outside the central nervous system.
It is connected to the central nervous system by nerves.
A nerve is a cable-like bundle of axons. Some nerves are very long.
There are 2 Major Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
A. The sensory division of the PNS - carries sensory information from the body
to the central nervous system.
B. The motor division of the PNS- carries nerve impulses from the central
nervous system to muscles and glands throughout the body. The nerve impulses
stimulate muscles to contract and glands to secrete hormones. The motor division
of the peripheral nervous system is further divided into the somatic and autonomic
nervous systems.
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B.1 Somatic Nervous System- The somatic nervous system (SNS) controls
mainly voluntary activities that are under conscious control. It is made up of nerves
that are connected to skeletal muscles.
B.2 Autonomic Nervous System- All other involuntary activities not under
conscious control are the responsibility of the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
Nerves of the ANS are connected to glands and internal organs. They control basic
physical functions such as heart rate, breathing, digestion, and sweat production.
ANS is still divided into two they are:
B.2.1. The sympathetic division deals with emergency situations. It prepares
the body for “fight or flight.” Do you get clammy palms or a racing heart when you
have to play a solo or give a speech? Nerves of the sympathetic division control
these responses.
B.2.2. The parasympathetic division controls involuntary activities that are
not emergencies. For example, it controls the organs of your digestive system so
they can break down the food you eat
The Parts of the Peripheral Nervous System
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Consists of all the nervous
tissue that lies outside the
central nervous system.
SENSORY
DIVISION
carries sensory
information from
the body to the
central nervous
system.
MOTOR
DIVISION
carries nerve impulses
from the central nervous
system to muscles and
glands throughout the
body.
SOMATIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM
relays
AUTONOMIC
information
NERVOUS SYSTEM to internal
organs
relays information to
and from skin and
skeletal muscles
PARASYMPATHETIC
controls organs
when body is at
rest
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SYMPATHETIC
controls organs
in times of
stress.
Common Diseases of the Nervous System
1. Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy is another nervous system disease that is often present from birth. The
word cerebral refers to the cerebrum, which is part of the brain. With cerebral palsy, the brain
has a hard time telling the body what to do. A child with cerebral palsy might be in a
wheelchair because they have trouble walking and moving like other children.
2. Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys
memory and thinking skills and, eventually, the ability to carry out the simplest tasks.
3. Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that can affect the brain and spinal cord, causing
a wide range of potential symptoms, including problems with vision, arm or leg movement,
sensation or balance.
4. Stroke
Occurs when there is bleeding on the brain or the blow flow to the brain is obstructed;
5. Epilepsy,
There is an abnormal electrical discharges from brain cells that cause seizures
6. Parkinson's disease,
A progressive nerve disease that affects movement.
7. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),
It is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a motor neuron disease which weakens
the muscles and progressively hampers physical function.
8. Huntington's disease
Is an inherited condition that cause the nerve cells in the brain to degenerate.
Taking Care of the Nervous System
1. Exercise regularly.
2. Do not smoke or use other tobacco products.
3. Get plenty of rest. It is important to have 8-10 hours of sleep at night.
4. Eat a balanced diet.
5. Drink plenty of water and other fluids.
6. Exercise your brain by doing some activities such as playing brain games, reading, or
listening to music.
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E. Let’s Apply
Activity 3-Brainy ABC’s
Direction: Based on the discussion of Nervous System above, write down 26 facts related
to the brain or nervous system in an ABC format. Facts should start with each letter of the
alphabet, as much as possible. If you have trouble writing a fact that starts with a certain
letter, just be creative! So let’s get started!
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV13
WXYZ-
Activity 3.2- Crossword Puzzle
Direction: Identify the parts of the Nervous System described below to answer the puzzle.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Across
3.
coordinates body movements
4.
a cable-like bundle of axons
5.
carries information from the
body to the CNS
6.
prepares the body for “fight or
flight”
7.
controls unconscious
functions such as heart rate
and breathing (2 words)
Down
1.
controls involuntary activities that
are not emergencies
2.
serves as information super
highway
3.
part of the brain that is divided
into 4 lobes
6.
controls voluntary activity that are
under conscious control
7.
most complex organ of the human
body
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D. Let’s Evaluate
Activity 4- Draw and Label
Direction: Draw the different parts of the brain in the illustration of head below. Label the
parts and list down their functions. Write down your answers in the table.
https://www.needpix.com/photo/170641/brain-head-science-human-biology-scheme-profile-outline.
Parts of the Brain
Function
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Activity 5- Word Search
Direction: Find and encircle the different diseases of the Nervous System. List them
down in the first column in the table below and give a brief description for each in the
second column.
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III.
POST – ASSESSMENT
A. Direction: Read and analyze each question carefully then encircle the letter of the
correct answer.
1. What makes up the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. brain and heart
B. brain and spinal cord
C. heart and spinal cord
D. spinal cord and lungs
2. The division of the nervous system containing all of the nerves outside the brain and
spinal cord is the
A. central nervous system.
B. peripheral nervous system.
C. axial nervous system.
D. appendicular nervous system.
3. How do the somatic nervous system (SNS) controls voluntary activities that are under
conscious control?
A. Through the brain stem that connects the rest of the brain with the spinal cord
B. Through the nerves that are connected to skeletal muscles
C. Through the nerve impulses that stimulate muscles to contract and glands to
secrete hormones
D. Through the spinal cord that passes messages from the body to the brain and from
the brain to the body.
4. How do the brain interprets information from the senses?
A. The sense organs receive stimuli and nerves relay these signals to the brain, which
interprets them as sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch.
B. The sense organs relay the stimuli directly to the brain while the brain interprets
what we see, hear, smell, taste, and touch.
C. The nerve impulses stimulate the sense organs to react and send the messages to
the brain.
D. Many nerve pathways link the sense organs with sensory neurons throughout the
body.
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5. The following are ways on how to take care of the nervous system except
A. Exercise regularly.
B. Smoke or use other tobacco products.
C. Get plenty of rest, have 8-10 hours of sleep at night.
D. Eat a balanced diet.
B. Direction: Fill in the blanks with the missing words to complete the concept below.
1. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis also known as ______________, which is a motor
neuron disease which weakens the muscles and progressively hampers physical function.
2. The largest section of the brain located in the front of the head, the __________ is
involved in personality characteristics and movement.
3. A ________is a deep part of the brain, located in the brainstem, that contains many of
the control areas for eye and face movements.
4. The _________is the most vital part of the entire brain and contains important control
centers for the heart and lungs.
5. In the sides of the brain are the __________are involved in short-term memory, speech,
musical rhythm, and some degree of smell recognition.
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D. LET’S EVALUATE
ACTIVITY 4
1. Frontal Lobe- largest section of the brain and is involved in personality characterstics and
movement.
2. Parietal Lobe- middle part of the brain and it helps a person to identify objects and
understand spatial relationships.
3. Temporal Lobe- placed on the sides of the brain which are involved in shor-term memory,
speech, musical rhthym, and some degree of spell recognition.
4.Occipital Lobe- back part of the brain and is involved with vision.
5.Cerebrum- is the largest part of the brain. It controls conscious functions such as reasoning,
language, sight, touch, and hearing
6. Cerebellum- It coordinates body movements.
7. Brain Stem- Functions of this area includes the movement of the eyes and mouth, relaying
sensory messages (such as hot, pain, and loud), respirations, consciousness, cardiac function,
involuntary muscle movements, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing.
ACTIVITY 3.2
7. Brain
7. Brain stem
6. Somatic
6. Sympathetic
3. Cerebrum
5. Sensory
2. Spinal Cord
4. Nerves
2. The information that are gathered
by the sensory organs are converted
into electrical signals that are sent to
the brain through the nerves.
1. Parasympathetic
3. Cerebellum
1. The brain
Across
B. LET’S UNDERSTAND-Activity
3.1
3. the Brain, Spinal Cord, and
Neurons.
Down
4. Neurons are specialized cells of the
nervous system that transmit signals
throughout the body.
5. The nerves will send electric
impulses to the brain
ACTIVITY 2
Answers may vary.
A. LET’S RECALL- Activity 1
1. Washington D.C.
2. Meat
3. Whatever the color of your hair is, because you are
the color of your hair is, because you are the driver.
4. An apple a day keeps the doctor away!
5. Glass
6. Number 8
7. heroine
8. breath
9. map
10. the river is frozen
PRE-ASSESSMENT
1. A
2. D.
3. B.
4. C.
5. C.
6. C
7. A.
8. A.
9. B
10. A.
IV.
ANSWERS KEY
V. REFERENCES
"Anatomy
Of
The
Brain".
2020.
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-
diseases/anatomy-of-the-brain.
Body,
Visible.
2020.
"The
Five
Senses". Visiblebody.Com.
https://www.visiblebody.com/learn/nervous/fivesenses#:~:text=Specialized%20cells%20and%20tissues%20within,and%20touch%20(tactile%20per
ception).
"Chapter 4.3 "The Nervous System.” Virtual STEM Camp 2020. Accessed July 19, 2020.
https://lloydscientists.weebly.com/chapter-43-the-nervous-system.html.
"Health Topics A-Z." PeaceHealth. Accessed July 19, 2020. https://www.peacehealth.org/medicaltopics/id/nersp.
Liles, Maryn. 2020. "Give Your Mind A Workout! 101 Brain Teasers That'll Improve Your
Memory". Parade. https://parade.com/1025639/marynliles/brain-teasers/.
NHS Choices. Accessed July 19, 2020. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/multiple-sclerosis/.
Study.com. Accessed July 19, 2020. https://study.com/academy/lesson/nervous-system-diseaseslesson-for-kids.html#:~:text=Lesson Summary&text=Nervous system problems include spina,multiple
sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease.
"What
Is
Alzheimer's
Disease?"
National
Institute
on
Aging.
Accessed
July
19,
2020.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-alzheimers-disease.
Zimmermann, Kim Ann. "Nervous System: Facts, Function & Diseases." LiveScience. February 14, 2018.
Accessed July 19, 2020. https://www.livescience.com/22665-nervous-system.html.
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Inilimbag sa Pilipinas ng Department of Education-Region III
Department of Education – Tarlac City Schools Division
Juan Luna Street,Sto.Cristo, Tarlac City,2300
Telephone No. : 045-9824439/ 4708180
E-mail Address: tarlac.city@deped.gov.ph
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