PP-DSE
BIO
PAPER 1A
HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY
HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION
PRACTICE PAPER
BIOLOGY
PAPER 1
(2 hours 30 minutes)
This paper must be answered in English
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1.
There are TWO sections, A and B, in this Paper. You are advised to finish Section A in about
35 minutes.
2.
Section A consists of multiple-choice questions in this question paper. Section B contains
conventional questions printed separately in Question-Answer Book B.
3.
Answers to Section A should be marked on the Multiple-choice Answer Sheet while answers to
Section B should be written in the spaces provided in Question-Answer Book B. The
Answer Sheet for Section A and the Question-Answer Book for Section B will be
collected separately at the end of the examination.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR SECTION A (MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS)
1.
Read carefully the instructions on the Answer Sheet. After the announcement of the start of
the examination, you should first stick a barcode label and insert the information required in
the spaces provided. No extra time will be given for sticking on the barcode label after the
‘Time is up’ announcement.
2.
When told to open this book, you should check that all the questions are there. Look for the
words ‘END OF SECTION A’ after the last question.
3.
All questions carry equal marks.
4.
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. You are advised to use an HB pencil to mark all the answers
on the Answer Sheet, so that wrong marks can be completely erased with a clean rubber.
You must mark the answers clearly; otherwise you will lose marks if the answers cannot be
captured.
5.
You should mark only ONE answer for each question. If you mark more than one answer,
you will receive NO MARKS for that question.
6.
No marks will be deducted for wrong answers.
 香港 考試及 評核局
保留版 權
Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority
All Rights Reserved 2012
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–1
1
Not to be taken away before the
end of the examination session
There are 36 questions in this section.
The diagrams in this section are NOT necessarily drawn to scale.
1.
In a DNA molecule of yeast, 30% of the nitrogenous bases are guanine (G). What is the ratio of
cytosine (C) to thymine (T) in this DNA molecule?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The graph below shows the change in the amount of DNA in a cell which is undergoing cell division:
Amount of DNA in the cell
(arbitrary unit)
2.
1:1
2:1
3:2
3:7
4
2
0
t1
t2
t3
t4
Time
Which of the following statements correctly describes the event that is taking place in the respective time
period?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3.
During t1, the nuclear membrane disappears.
During t2, the homologous chromosomes pair up.
During t3, the homologous chromosomes separate.
During t4, the synthesis of cell organelles takes place.
The following diagram shows an animal cell with some of its organelles:
Q
P
R
Which of the labelled structures are particularly abundant in an enzyme-secreting cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–2
P and Q only
P and R only
Q and R only
P, Q and R
2
A.
B.
Relative rate of
enzymatic reaction
(min–1)
In an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the activity of a digestive enzyme X, the time
taken for the digestion of a fixed amount of substrate by this enzyme was recorded. Which of the
following graphs shows the most likely results of the experiment?
Relative rate of
enzymatic reaction
(min–1)
4.
Temperature (oC)
D.
Relative rate of
enzymatic reaction
(min–1)
C.
Temperature (oC)
5.
Relative rate of
enzymatic reaction
(min–1)
Temperature (oC)
Temperature (oC)
The table below shows the ratios of initial mass to final mass of three fresh potato cylinders which have
been immersed in sucrose solutions of three different concentrations for 30 minutes:
Solution P
0.9
Ratio of initial mass to final mass
Solution Q
1.4
Solution R
1.2
Which of the following can be deduced from the results?
(1)
(2)
(3)
The water potential of the potato cylinders is higher than that of solution P.
There is a net movement of water from the potato cylinders to solution Q.
Solution Q has a higher sucrose concentration than solution R.
A.
B.
C.
D.
6.
(1) only
(2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
In photosynthesis, photochemical reactions are essential for the carbon fixation that follows.
because in photochemical reactions,
(1)
(2)
(3)
oxygen is liberated.
NADPH is generated.
the carbon dioxide acceptor is regenerated.
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–3
This is
(1) only
(2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
3
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7.
Which of the following correctly lists the substances formed in the Krebs cycle?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The graph below shows the rate of photosynthesis of a plant at different temperatures and carbon dioxide
concentrations when light intensity increases:
Rate of photosynthesis
(arbitrary unit)
8.
water and NADH
water and carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide and NADH
water, carbon dioxide and NADH
40
30oC and 0.5% carbon dioxide
30
15oC and 0.5% carbon dioxide
20
15oC and 0.02% carbon dioxide
10
0
0
5
10 15
20
25
30
Light intensity (arbitrary unit)
Which of the following descriptions about the rate of photosynthesis of this plant can be deduced from
the graph?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–4
Below 3 units of light intensity, light intensity is the factor limiting this plant’s
photosynthetic rate.
At 25 units of light intensity and 0.02% carbon dioxide, temperature is the factor
limiting this plant’s photosynthetic rate.
At 25 units of light intensity, 15oC and 0.5% carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide
concentration is the factor limiting this plant’s photosynthetic rate.
At 25 units of light intensity, 15oC and 0.5% carbon dioxide, this plant’s photosynthetic
rate doubles when the temperature is doubled.
4
Questions 9 and 10 refer to the following table, which shows six codons and the corresponding
amino acids translated from these codons:
Directions:
mRNA codon
amino acid
9.
AAG
lysine
CUA
leucine
CCU
proline
GUA
valine
GAU
aspartic acid
CAU
histidine
The sequence of amino acids in a certain part of a polypeptide is shown below:
—lysine—proline—histidine—aspartic acid—
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the nucleotides on the non-template DNA (coding
DNA) for this part of the polypeptide?
A.
B.
C.
D.
10.
AAGCCTCATGAT
TTCGGAGTACTA
AAGCCUCAUGAU
UUCGGAGUACUA
The following shows the nucleotide sequences of two mRNA molecules, the first one being transcribed
from a normal allele and the second one from the mutated allele:
mRNA transcribed from the normal allele: CCUGAUCCUCUACCUCAU
mRNA transcribed from the mutated allele: CCUGAUCCUGUACCUCAU
Which of the following amino acids is absent in the polypeptide translated from the mutated allele?
A.
B.
C.
D.
11.
A couple has two children. The son is of blood group B and the daughter is of blood group A. Which
of the following is not a possible combination of genotypes of this couple?
(Note: The alleles responsible for the production of antigen A, antigen B and not producing antigen A or
B are represented by IA, IB and i respectively.)
A.
B.
C.
D.
12.
histidine
aspartic acid
valine
leucine
IAi and IBi
IAIA and IBi
IAIB and IAIB
IAIB and IBi
Which of the following processes may increase the variation of a particular character within a
population?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–5
the mutation of genes
the separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
the independent assortment of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
the random fertilisation of gametes
5
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13.
In guinea pigs, the genes for fur colour and hair length are located on different chromosomes. The
alleles for black fur and long hair are recessive to the alleles for brown fur and short hair respectively.
Guinea pigs which are heterozygous for both fur colour and hair length are allowed to breed. Of the
112 offspring produced, how many are expected to have black fur and short hair?
A.
B.
C.
D.
14.
21
28
56
63
Mr. Chan and Mrs. Chan are the biological parents of four children. The DNA profiles of Mr. Chan and
the four children are shown below:
Mr. Chan
child 1
child 2
child 3
child 4
Which of the following is likely to be the DNA profile of Mrs. Chan?
A.
B.
C.
D.
15.
Which of the following combinations shows the correct classification of the organism according to the
Three Domain System?
A.
B.
C.
D.
16.
Organism
nitrifying bacteria
amoeba
yeast
algae
Kingdom
Archaebacteria
Animalia
Fungi
Protista
Domain
Bacteria
Eukarya
Archaea
Eukarya
Below are the scientific names of four species of shrimps:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Leptochela japonicus
Metapenaeus japonicus
Metapenaeus joyneri
Metapenaeopsis dura
Which two of the above species should have the closest phylogenetic relationship?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–6
(1) and (2)
(1) and (4)
(2) and (3)
(3) and (4)
6
17.
The following dichotomous key can be used to identify five species of amphibian:
1 (a)
the skin is rough -----------------------------------------------------
2
1 (b)
the skin is smooth ---------------------------------------------------
3
2 (a)
the dorsal side has coloured stripes ----------------------------
Species P
2 (b)
the dorsal side does not have coloured stripes --------------
Species Q
3 (a)
the toes have sticky pads -----------------------------------------
4
3 (b)
the toes do not have sticky pads --------------------------------
Species R
4 (a)
the limbs are spotted -----------------------------------------------
Species S
4 (b)
the limbs are not spotted ------------------------------------------
Species T
Use the above key to identify the three amphibians in the following photographs.
Amphibian (1)
A.
B.
C.
D.
18.
Amphibian (1)
species R
species Q
species T
species T
Amphibian (2)
Amphibian (2)
species Q
species S
species R
species Q
Amphibian (3)
Amphibian (3)
species S
species R
species P
species S
In an aquatic ecosystem, species X, Y and Z form a food chain.
pyramid of biomass of this ecosystem:
The following diagram shows the
Species Z
Species Y
Species X
With reference to the above pyramid of biomass, which of the following statements are correct?
(1)
(2)
(3)
Species Z is the secondary consumer in this food chain.
The body size of species X is larger than that of species Y.
There is an energy loss when energy flows from species Y to species Z.
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–7
(1) and (2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
7
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Three types of seaweeds, P, Q and R, were collected from the intertidal zone (the zone between the high
tide mark and the low tide mark) of a rocky shore. The distribution of these seaweeds in the intertidal
zone is related to their ability to withstand exposure to air. The graph below shows the changes in the
fresh mass of these seaweeds when they are left to dry in the laboratory:
Fresh mass
19.
P
Q
R
0
Time
Which of the following shows the most likely distribution of these seaweeds from the lower shore to the
upper shore?
A.
B.
C.
D.
20.
P, Q, R
P, R, Q
Q, R, P
R, Q, P
In the table below, P and Q represent two types of relationships between different species of organisms.
The effect of each type of relationship on the species concerned is represented by the following symbols:
+ = gaining benefits
─ = being harmed
Type of relationship
between species
P
Q
Effect of the relationship on the species
Species 1
Species 2
+
+
─
+
Which of the following combinations correctly shows the types of relationships represented by P and Q?
A.
B.
C.
D.
21.
P
competition
mutualism
commensalism
mutualism
Q
commensalism
competition
parasitism
predation
Which of the following is not a limitation of the use of fossil records as evidence for evolution?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–8
Fossils are damaged and incomplete.
Some organisms may not form fossils.
Fossils are found in different sedimentary rock layers.
Fossils present in inaccessible areas are not available to us for study.
8
22.
Which of the following are necessary for speciation?
(1)
(2)
(3)
the competition within a species
the existence of variation within a species
different populations of a species being isolated for a long time
A.
B.
C.
D.
23.
(1) and (2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
In constructing an evolutionary tree, it is assumed that the more similarities shared between two species,
the closer is their phylogenetic relationship. The amino acid sequences of a certain protein in five
species of organisms were analysed and compared. The following table shows the number of amino
acid differences between the amino acid sequence of species P and that of each of the other four species:
Species
The number of amino acid differences between the amino
acid sequence of species P and that of the other species
Q
R
S
T
31
16
36
1
Assuming that these five species of organisms arose from the same ancestral stock, which of the
following diagrams best represents the evolutionary tree constructed using the above information?
A.
B.
P T R Q S
P T R Q S
ancestor
ancestor
C.
S
D.
Q R T P
Q R T P
ancestor
ancestor
24.
S
Which of the following descriptions about the regulation of the blood glucose level is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–9
The chemoreceptor in the liver detects changes in the blood glucose level.
The liver secretes more glucagon when the blood glucose level is low.
More glycogen is converted to glucose when more glucagon is secreted.
More glucose is taken up by cells when more glucagon is secreted.
9
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25.
The flow chart below shows the interaction between the two endocrine glands and the hormones they
secrete:
Endocrine
gland P
secretion
Hormone X
(2)
Endocrine
gland Q
(1)
secretion
(3)
Hormone Y
Which of the following combinations correctly shows the regulation of hormone Y by a negative
feedback mechanism?
A.
B.
C.
D.
26.
(1)
inhibition
inhibition
stimulation
stimulation
(2)
stimulation
inhibition
stimulation
inhibition
(3)
inhibition
stimulation
inhibition
stimulation
Which of the following parts of the human skin are responsible for preventing us from microbial
infections?
(1)
(2)
(3)
sebaceous gland
epidermis
hair
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–10
(1) and (2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
10
27.
The diagram below shows a weight potometer used in an experiment. The leafy shoot was left in the
laboratory for 3 hours. The change in the reading of the electronic balance and the change in the
volume of water in the measuring cylinder were recorded. The experiment was then repeated under the
same environmental conditions with the upper surface of all the leaves of the shoot smeared with
vaseline. The results are shown in the following table:
Treatment
leafy shoot
oil layer
measuring
cylinder
water
electronic
balance
Change in the
reading of the
balance (g)
Change in the volume of
water in the measuring
cylinder (mL)
(I) Leaves not
smeared with
p
vaseline
(II) Upper surface
of all leaves
q
smeared with
vaseline
Note:
1.
p, q, r and s are numerical values
2.
mass of 1 mL of water = 1 g
r
s
From the results of the experiment, we can calculate the amount of
A.
B.
C.
D.
28.
water absorbed by the shoot in Treatment (I) from p – r.
water transpired by the shoot in Treatment (II) from r – s.
water retained by the shoot in Treatment (II) from s – q.
water transpired by the lower surface of the leaves of the shoot in 3 hours from p – q.
The photographs below show the appearances of a flower at different times of a day:
8:00 am
2:00 pm
With reference to the appearances of the flower at the times shown, which of the following can be
concluded?
(1)
(2)
(3)
The major support in the flower stalk is provided by the turgidity of the cells.
The rate of water uptake of the flower is higher than its rate of transpiration at 8:00 am.
The rate of water uptake of the flower is lower than its rate of transpiration at 2:00 pm.
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–11
(1) only
(2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
11
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29.
The following photograph shows a section of a part of the human intestine:
X
Which of the following is/are the function(s) of X?
(1)
(2)
(3)
to move the food along the intestine by peristalsis
to secrete enzymes for fat digestion
to absorb digested food
A.
B.
C.
D.
The following graph shows the change in the air pressure inside the lungs within a period of time:
Atmospheric pressure = 760 mm Hg
Air pressure in the lungs
(mm Hg)
30.
(1) only
(3) only
(1) and (2) only
(2) and (3) only
760
t1
t2
t4
t3
Time
Which of the following correctly describes what happens at the specified time period?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–12
During t1, air leaves the lungs.
During t2, the intercostal muscles contract.
During t3, the diaphragm is pulled flat.
During t4, the rib cage is moved upwards and outwards.
12
31.
The following photograph shows a dissected pig’s heart:
Pulmonary artery
Q
P
R
S
Which of the following descriptions of the labelled structures is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
32.
Structure P contracts to deliver blood to various parts of the body except the lungs.
Structure Q receives blood from the pulmonary veins.
Structure R controls the opening and closing of the valve.
Structure S contracts to force the blood out of the heart through the pulmonary artery.
The photograph below shows the cross section of the umbilical cord of a foetus:
Blood vessel Y
Blood vessel X
Which of the following descriptions about blood vessels X and Y are correct?
(1)
(2)
(3)
The blood pressure in blood vessel Y is lower than that in blood vessel X.
There are valves along the length of blood vessel Y but not in blood vessel X.
The blood in blood vessel Y has a lower oxygen content than that in blood vessel X.
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–13
(1) and (2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
13
Go on to the next page
33.
The photograph below shows the cross section of a leaf:
1
3
2
4
There is a gas released by the leaf when it is placed in darkness. From which of the labelled cells is this
gas released?
A.
B.
C.
D.
34.
1 and 2 only
1 and 4 only
2 and 3 only
1, 3 and 4 only
The following shows a table listing the results of the food tests for a piece of food and a diagram of the
human digestive system:
Food test
Albustix paper
Benedict’s test
Iodine test
Grease spot test
Result
+
+
–
+
Key:
+ positive result
– negative result
P
Q
R
In which of the labelled parts will this food be chemically digested?
A.
B.
C.
D.
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–14
P and S only
Q and R only
R and S only
Q, R and S only
14
S
Directions:
Group
I
II
III
IV
35.
Questions 35 and 36 refer to the following description of an experiment, which was carried out
in the 1880s by a scientist, Christiaan Eijkman, for identifying the cause of the disease beriberi:
Experimental conditions
chickens with beriberi and healthy chickens kept
together; fed with unpolished rice
healthy chickens injected with bacteria taken from
chickens with beriberi; fed with unpolished rice
healthy chickens;
fed with polished rice
healthy chickens;
fed with unpolished rice
all chickens remained healthy
all chickens developed beriberi
all chickens remained healthy
Which of the following can be concluded from this experiment?
(1)
(2)
(3)
Beriberi is not caused by the bacteria taken from chickens with beriberi.
Beriberi is most likely non-infectious.
Eating unpolished rice can prevent beriberi in healthy chickens.
A.
B.
C.
D.
36.
Result after 5 weeks
chickens with beriberi recovered,
others remained healthy
(1) and (2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
In light of the results of this experiment, Eijkman used prisoners for testing whether the same cause led
to beriberi in humans. Which of the following should have been included in the experimental design so
that he could make a valid conclusion?
(1)
(2)
(3)
The test should have been performed on healthy prisoners.
The controlled variables should have included the sex, age and body mass of the prisoners.
The prisoners chosen for the test should have been randomly assigned to the experimental and
control groups.
A.
B.
C.
D.
(1) and (2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
END OF SECTION A
Go on to Question-Answer Book B for questions on Section B
PP-DSE-BIO 1A–15
15