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Buchans
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Port Aux Basques
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Green Bay
Salt Lake
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Denver
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Fresno
Las Vegas
Keokuk
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Topeka
Wichita
35°
Grand Canyon
Joplin
Kansas
City
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San Diego
30°
Fort Smith
Tuscon
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10°
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Dallas
25°
Shreveport
Houston
Mobile
San Antonio
New Orleans
10°
Norfolk
Raleigh
Ashville
Wilmington
Montgomery
20°
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Wythville
Columbia
Chattanooga
Birmingham
Jackson
El Paso
Richmond
Memphis
0°
Oklahoma
City
Amarillo
5°
Phoenix
35°
Baltimore
Washington
Knoxville
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0°
Philadelphia
Cincinnati
Charleston
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Los Angeles
New York
Harrisburg
Pittsburgh
Louisville
Santa Fe
Providence
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Columbus
Springfield
St. Louis
Hartford
Buffalo
London
Cleveland
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0°
St. Catherine
Detroit
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Chicago
Fort
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Toronto
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15°
Jacksonville
20°
25°
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Tampa
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Compiled from U.S. Weather Bureau and
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750 mm (30 in.) and 900 mm (36 in.) shell manholes: forty-two 20 mm-diameter (3/4 in.) bolts in 23 mm (7/8 in.) holes
(Bolt holes shall straddle the flange vertical centerline.)
Gasket (see Note 1):
(See Figure 5.7b)
500 mm (20
600 mm (24
750 mm (30
900 mm (36
in.) manhole: 645 mm (253/8
in.) manhole: 746 mm (293/8
in.) manhole: 899 mm (353/8
in.) manhole: 1051 mm (413/8
in.) OD c 508 mm (20
in.) OD c 610 mm (24
in.) OD c 762 mm (30
in.) OD c 914 mm (36
in.) ID c 3 mm (1/8 in.) thickness
in.) ID c 3 mm (1/8 in.) thickness
in.) ID c 3 mm (1/8 in.) thickness
in.) ID c3 mm (1/8 in.) thickness
One 6 mm (1/4 in.) telltale
hole in reinforcing plate,
on horizontal
centerline
Reinforcing pad
shall be shaped
to suit tank
curvature
tf
1
1
tc
230 mm
(9 in.)
CL
DR/2
(see
Note 8)
L
(see
Note 8)
DO/2
(see
Note 8)
L
Symmetrical about CL
Alternative
circular shape
(see Note 8)
Uniform, smooth surface
Rounded
corner
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
10 mm-diameter
(3/8 in.) rod
Db
Dc
OD
DR
150 mm
(6 in.)
6 mm ( / in.)
CL
See
Figure
5.7b
T
t
500 mm (20 in.) and 600 mm (24 in.) manhole: 750 mm (30 in.)
750 mm (30 in.) manhole: 900 mm (36 in.)
900 mm (36 in.) manhole: 1050 mm (42 in.)
(Increase as necessary for weld clearance)
Rounded
corners
Manhole OD
DP
See
details
1 4
125 mm (5") minimum
32 mm (11/4 in.)
Rounded corners
(150 mm [6 in.] minimum radius)
Arc dimension = W/2
tn
75 mm
(3")
(See
Note 7)
Manhole OD
tn (see
Note 4)
tn (see
Note 4)
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t f (see Note 3)
t f (see Note 3)
Detail a
Detail b
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(See
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t
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+ t) min
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(See Tables 5.6a, 5.6b, 5.7a, and 5.7b)
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T
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(15 degrees minimum,
35 degrees maximum)
tn
CL
(See Note 1)
(See Note 1)
1.5 mm (1/16 in.)
(See Tables 5.6a,
5.6b, 5.7a, and 5.7b)
Round and grind
(See Tables
5.6a, 5.6b, 5.7a, and 5.7b)
Manufacturer’s standard
(15 degrees minimum,
35 degrees maximum)
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Nozzle CL
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Item d and e)
Shell
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One 6 mm (1/4 in.) telltale hole
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DO
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t
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t
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T
T
T
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or threads
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B
B
B
Double Flange
Single Flange
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Regular-type Flanged Nozzles, NPS 3 or Larger
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Nozzle CL
(See Figure 5.7b)
(See Note 1)
C
T
Chip
(See Note 1)
T
t
t
(See Note 1)
t /2 [6 mm (1/4 in.) minimum]
60º
(See Note 5)
Detail B
Detail A
Low-type Flanged Nozzles, NPS 3 or Larger
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NOTE The tn designated for weld thickness is the nominal pipe wall thickness (see Tables 5.6a, 5.6b, 5.7a, and 5.7b).
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123t
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0.75
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385h
17,850t
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0.5
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A
td
Nearest horizontal weld
375 mm
(15 in.) min
Shell plate at cleanout fitting = td
See Detail b
for top and
sides
See Detail a
(See Note 5)
125 mm
(5 in.)
Reinforcing plate = td
See Detail b
Shell plate
of lowest
shell
course = t
(See Note 5)
One telltale 6 mm
(1/4 in.) hole in
reinforcing
plate at about
mid-height
r2
r1
L
tc
f3
C
e
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
(See Note 1)
Equal spaces
g
B
Flange bolt-hole
diameter = bolt
diameter (see Tables 5.9a
and 5.9b) + 3 mm (1/8 in.)
h
C
b/2
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
Bottom
plate
f2
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f3í6 mm (1/4 in.)
Equal spaces
150 mm 300 mm
W/2 arc dimensions
(6 in.) min (12 in.) min
Notch as required to provide flush joint under shell ring (see Section D-D)
125 mm (5 in.)
50 mm
(2 in.)
td
td
38 mm
(11/2")
(See Note 1)
6 mm ( /4")
weld
10 mm (3/8 in.) thick
Grind radius on corner
when weld is less than td
75 mm
(3 in.)
or
td
[40 mm
(11/2 in.) max]
Lifting Lug
38 mm (11/2")
tbr
td
5 mm
(3/16 in.)
Section B-B
tbr
Section A-A
38 mm (11/2")
5 mm (3/16 in.) Full-fillet
1
e
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
A
td
Cover plate
Detail a
75 mm (3 in.) radius
Versine
D
90 degrees ± 30 degrees
tc
D
e
125 mm (5 in.) min
32 mm
(11/4 in.) min
Full-penetration weld
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
(See Note 3)
32 mm
(11/4
in.) min
(See
Note 1)
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
td + td + 250 mm (10 in.)
t
(see Note 2) [19 mm (3/4 in.) max]d
Round
and grind
td
(See Note 5)
Neck bevel shall be
approximately 10 degrees
Detail b
Section C-C
Section D-D
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32 mm (11/4 in.) min
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W + 900 mm (36 in.) min
VHH7DEOHVD
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Weld after
6 mm (1/4")
fitting is
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Inside of shell
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(12 in.) min
600 mm (24 in.) min
Shell plate
600 mm (24 in.) min
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Inside of shell at
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W + 900 mm (36 in.) min
VHH7DEOHVD
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300 mm
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(See
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Inside of shell
600 mm (24 in.) min
600 mm (24 in.) min
Concrete or masonry
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Cover plate
Bottom reinforcing plate
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Inside of shell
at centerline
of opening
300 mm
(12 in.) min
Inside of shell
at centerline
of opening
300 mm (12 in.) min
(See Details
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Inside of shell
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Inside of shell at
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300 mm (12 in.) min
Cover plate
Bottom reinforcing plate
Alternative
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300 mm
(See (12 in.) min
Detail e)
Ringwall
600 mm
(24") min
íPP íLQ
Inside of shell
Retaining wall
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300 mm
(12 in.) min
Ringwall notch
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Shell or insert plate in
flush connection = td
Shell plate of
lowest shell
course = t
375 mm (15 in.) min
Reinforcing plate = td
See Section C-C
(Figure 5.11 —
continued)
150 mm (6 in.) min
r2
L
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One 6 mm (1/4") telltale
hole in reinforcing plate
at about mid-height
B
h
B
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W/2 arc dimensions
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75 mm
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C
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32 mm
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32 m
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2td + 250 mm (10 in.)
A
Bottom reinforcing plate
Section B-B
td
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Nozzle transition to
circular flange
td
5 mm
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6 mm
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Bottom
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td
Round corner
1
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4
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Centerline of
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h
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Bottom plate
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tb
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tn
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tn
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flange
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Nozzle transition
(see 5.7.8.4, Item g)
h
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1
tn
ta
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Typical Detail for Connections with b > h
Section C-C
Note 1: Flange weld sizes shall be the smaller of the available hub material for tn.
Note 2: Thickness of thinner plate joined 13 mm (1/2 in.) maximum.
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diameter holes (see Table 5.13a and Table 5.13b
for number of bolts; bolt holes shall straddle
centerlines)
A
A
150 mm (6 in.)
6 mm (1/4 in.) cover plate
150 mm (6 in.)
6 mm (1/4 in.)
cover plate
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
DC
DB
75 mm (3 in.)
1.5 mm (1/16 in.)
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6 mm
6 mm (1/4 in.)
5 mm (3/16 in.)
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150 mm
(6 in.)
6 mm (1/4 in.)
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(1/4
6 mm (1/4 in.)
16 mm (5/8 in.)
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Axis always
vertical
in.)
150 mm (6 in.) min
or
6 mm
(1/4 in.)
5 mm (3/16 in.)
ID
Roof plate
DP
DR
Section A-A—Roof Manhole With Reinforcing Plate
Alternative Neck-toRoof-Plate Joint
6 mm (1/4 in.)
6 mm (1/4 in.)
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Allowable Plate Stress, psi, from Table AL.6b at 100 ºF
1000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10,000
41
12,000
1.6
36
1.4
30
1.2
1.0
25
1.0
All Manhole Sizes in Case B
cleanout fittings: 200 mm × 400 mm (8 in. × 16 in.)
600 mm × 600 mm (24 in. × 24 in.)
20
0.8
15
0.6
Cover Plate Thickness, tc , in.
Cover Plate Thickness, tc , mm
Case A—Minimum Cover Plate Thickness
for Bolting-up Condition [Note 1]
0.5
10
0.4
5
0.2
0
14
28
42
55
H×G
f
Allowable Plate Stress, MPa, from Table AL.6a at 40 ºC
0.008
0.012
0.016
0.004
82
0.020
0.024
Case B—Minimum Cover Plate Thickness
for Operating Condition [Note 1]
66
2.6
Manholes
900 mm (36 in.)
56
Cover Plate Thickness, tc , mm
Cover Plate Thickness, tc , in.
68
46
750 30
mmin.(30 in.)
Cleanout fittings
1.8
600 mm
(24 in.)
24 in.
600 mm × 600 mm
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36
2.2
1.4
300 20
mmin.(20 in.)
25
1.0
15
0.6
200 mm × 400 mm
(8 in. × 16 in.)
5
0.2
0
0.18
0.36
0.54
0.72
0.9
1.08
H×G
f
G is the specific gravity of liquid that determines the shell thickness;
H is the height of design liquid level above centerline of manhole m (ft);
f is the allowable tensile stress (S d or S b ) from Table AL.6a and Table AL.6b at the temperature coincident with G, MPa (psi).
NOTE 1 The minimum cover plate thickness shall be a maximum of Case A or B values.
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4000
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1.6
Case A—Minimum Flange Thickness
for Bolting-up Condition [Note 1]
Flange Thickness, t c, imm
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Manholes
900 mm (36 in.)
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300 mm (20 in.)
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600 mm × 600 mm (24 in. × 24 in.)
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Allowable Plate Stress, MPa, from Table AL.7a at 40 ºC
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Flange Thickness, t c, mm
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68
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5
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Cover Plate Thickness, tc , in.
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0.36
0.54
0.72
0.9
1.08
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f is the allowable tensile stress (S d or S b) from Table AL.6a and Table AL.6b at the temperature coincident with G, MPa (psi).
NOTE 1
The minimum cover plate thickness shall be a maximum of Case A or B values.
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Stress in Shell Plate at Bottom of Tank, psi, for Condition That Determines Shell Thickness
600 mm × 600 mm (24 in. × 24 in.) cleanout fitting
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8000
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12,000
2.8
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28
14
Stress in Shell Plate at Bottom of Tank, MPa, for Condition That Determines Shell Thickness
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Does tank have internal
pressure? (1.1.1, 1.1.13, F.1.1,
F.1.2, F.1.3, and F.2)
No
Basic Design
Yes
Does internal pressure
exceed weight of roof and
attached structural?
(1.1.1)
No
Basic Design
Yes
Does internal pressure
exceed the weight of the shell,
roof and attached structural?
No
(F.1.2)
Basic Design plus Annex F.1 through F.6.
Anchors for pressure alone not required.
Do not exceed Pmax.
Limit roof/shell compression area per F.5.
Yes
Provide anchors and
conform to F.8.
Does internal pressure
exceed
18 kPa (2.5 PSIG)?
(F.1.3 and F.2)
No
API 650 with Annex F or
API 620 shall be used.
Yes
Use API 620
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2tc max
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th
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ta
C
B
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th
th
th
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Alternative
Le
wc
wc
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Rc
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Rc
Rc
tc
wh
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Detail c
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th
ta
ta
Neutral
axis of
angle
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Le
Detail g
Full fusion weld at
these radial joints
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tc
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Full fusion weld at
these radial joints
1/ 2
Le
wc
tcr
wc
Rc
tc
t cr)
0.6(R 2
imum
max t )1/ 2
a
r
o
R
c cr
(
.9
of 0
Roof may be lap
welded or butt
welded to the
compression ring.
When lap welded,
the roof may be
located above
or below the
compression ring.
(See Note 5)
Detail i
wh
2ts or 2tcr max
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
thickness of angle leg
thickness of bar
thickness of shell plate
thickness of roof plate
thickness of thickened plate in shell
ta plus tc (see note 4)
maximum width of participating shell
= 0.6 (Rc t)1/2, where t = ta, tc, ts, or tf as applicable.
wh =
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T =
th
tcr
wc
Detail j
ta
tcr
tc
th
ts
tf
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tc
Rc
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Le
tcr
Le
Le
tc
Roof may be lap
welded or butt
welded to the
compression ring.
When lap welded,
the roof may be
located above
or below the
compression ring.
(See Note 5)
tcr
Rc
tc
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t cr)
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m
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th
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2tc max
2tc max
B
Detail d
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Detail b
Detail a
Neutral
axis of
angle
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Le
Neutral axis
of angle
Le
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2tc max
ta
C
B
Le
ts
Taper tc
(see
7.2.3.3)
Detail k
maximum width of participating roof
= 0.3(R2 th)1/2 or 300 mm (12 in.) whichever is less.
inside radius of tank shell
length of the normal to the roof, measured from the
vertical centerline of the tank = Rc / (sin T)
angle between roof and horizontal
NOTE 1
All dimensions and thicknesses are in millimeters (inches).
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NOTE 3
The unstiffened length of the angle or bar, Le, shall be limited to 250t/(Fy)1/2 mm [3000t/(Fy)1/2 in.] where Fy is the
minimum specified yield strength, MPa (lbf/in.2) and t = ta or tb, as applicable.
NOTE 4
Where members are lap welded onto the shell (refer to details a, b, c, and g), tf may be used in wc formula only
for the extent of the overlap.
NOTE 5
When the lap welded roof plate is located under the compression bar, the Purchaser should consider the use of
caulking on top of the fillet weld to ensure the drainage of rainfall.
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Flexible membrane liner between
two (19 mm [3/4 in.] thick)
asphalt-impregnated fiberboards
Tank shell
See API RP 651
for evaluation of cathodic
protection methods
Sand cushion
,
Asphalt on surface
of gravel
Tank bottom
Sand or gravel backfill
Drain pipe
Flexible
membrane liner
Slope
Crushed stone ringwall
Gravel at drain
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See API RP 651
for evaluation of
cathodic protection
methods
Flexible
membrane
liner
Tank bottom
Tank shell
Flexible membrane liner
between two asphaltimpregnated fiberboards
(19 mm [3/4 in.] thickness)
Asphalt on surface
of tank pad
Sand cushion
Gravel at drain
Drain pipe
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Tank shell
Tight attachment
to shell
Sand, pea gravel, or
concrete with drainage
grooves on top side
Primary tank bottom
Flexible membrane liner
Secondary tank bottom
Optional - this seam may be sealed
by caulking or welding (if welded,
see I.4). Not sealing may accelerate
bottom side corrosion.
Drain pipes not shown
Concrete ringwall shown
(crushed stone alternative)
See API RP 651 for cathodic
protection recommendations
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Tank shell
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2t (25 mm [1 in.] min)
Alternative floor supports
Optional - this seam may be sealed
by caulking or welding (if welded,
see I.4). Not sealing may accelerate
bottom side corrosion.
25 mm (1 in.) (min)
Grating or
structural shapes
Wire fabric
NPS 1/2 pipe
coupling at drain
See API RP 651
for evaluation of
cathodic protection
methods
Shell support
ring (continuous)
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Tank shell
Flexible liner bonded to
wall for leak tightness
Compacted sand fill
See API RP 651
for evaluation of
cathodic protection
methods
Flexible membrane
liner or applied coating
for leak tightness
Tank bottom
Drain pipe with
optional sleeve
Slope
Gravel or geotextile
material at drain
Concrete slab
Piles (if required)
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Tank shell
Tank bottom
Radial grooves
on top of slab
Drain grooves
at edge
Slope
Piles (if required)
Reinforced concrete slab to be
designed for leak tightness per
ACI 350
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Drain pipe with optional sleeve.
Discharge to leak detection
well or perimeter
100 mm (4 in.) sand cushion
Gravel at drain
300 mm (12 in.) diameter (min) sump
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Ringwall foundation shown.
Detail is typical for all types
of foundations
Detection well
100 mm (4 in.)
diameter (min)
with top hatch
Drain pipe to well.
Pipe may be above
grade or below grade
(with pipe sleeve)
See note
Removable weather cover
Detection well (concrete pit
adjacent to concrete ringwall)
Drain pipe
Note: Top of well shall be above maximum high water level within dike.
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grillage members
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Lateral bracing (if required)
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Grillage members
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Detail a
Annular or
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25 mm
(1 in.) min
radius
Detail b
75 mm (3 in.) min radius
10 mm (3/8 in.) plate
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O.1)
30° 10°
B/2
150 mm (6 in.) overhang
L
A
Alternative
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PLAN VIEW
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32 mm
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min
Tank
bottom
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CL
Detail c
K
J
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6 mm
1
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T
Short radius
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H
E
Thrust
block
T
B
10 mm
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F
Pipe
T
100 mm (4 in.) projection
beyond centerline
of shell plate
25 mm (1 in.) min
grout or fiberboard
(also around top
of vault wall)
D
Design support
as required
for load
Steel beam to support all
calculated loads at shell
See Detail a
Grout or
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Support plate
optional
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load)
30°
max
B
300 mm
(12 in.) min
SECTION A–A
Reinforcing bars to be continuous
around vault opening
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sand, or similar material
Tank shell
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or gravel
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Tank bottom
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1
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Protective coating for piping
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Stiffness coefficient KR/E × (2a) for radial load on nozzle
Reinforcement on shell
L/2a = 1.0
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3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
300
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L/2a = 1.0
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R /t
3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
300
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3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
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2000
800
900
1000
700
600
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3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
300
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800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
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3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
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3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
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3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
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3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
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R /t
3000
2000
800
900
1000
700
600
500
400
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