Shwe Hti linn Computer training Fundamental of a Computer English & Myanmar Typing Microsoft Office Word Microsoft Office Excel Microsoft Office Power Point (Aef;armfNrdKU taemufbufurf;? rHrvif;tkyfpk ? xD;vif;&Gm) Shwe Hti linn Page | 1 Fundamental of a Computer What is a computer? A computer is an electronic device that allows you to process and store data (information) and composed of hardware and software, and can exist in a variety of sizes and configurations. Type of personal computer (pc) 1. Desktop computer 2. Laptop computer IBM & Apple MAC 1. International Business Machines (pc) 2. Macintosh (MAC Apple) Hardware and Software Hardware is the collection of all the parts you can physically touch and physical parts of a computer system this includes the computer case, monitor, keyboard and mouse. It also includes all the parts inside the computer case, such as hard disk drive, motherboard, video card and many others. The term hardware refers to the physical components of your computer such as the system unit, mouse, keyboard, monitor etc. Software is a set of instructions for a computer to perform specific operations (action) INPUT DEVICES The Mouse The Keyboard Tracker Balls Scanners Touch Pads Input & Output Devices OUTPUT DEVICES VDU Printers Plotters Speakers Speech Synthesisers Factors Impact on a Computer's Performance CPU speed, RAM size, Hard disk CPU (Central Processing Unit) It is normally an Intel Pentium (or equivalent) and it is one of the most important components within your computer. RAM - Random Access Memory The main 'working' memory used by the computer. When the operating system loads from disk when you first switch on the computer, it is copied into RAM. Storage Device Hard disk drives are an internal and save data and programs, higher capacity drive which also stores the operating system, which runs when you power on the computer. How Computer Memory Is Measured Bit: All computers work on a binary numbering system, i.e. they process data in one's or zero's. This 1 or 0 level of storage is called a bit. Byte: A byte consists of eight bits. Kilobyte: A kilobyte (KB) consists of 1024 bytes. Megabyte: A megabyte (MB) consists of 1024 kilobytes. Gigabyte: A gigabyte (GB) consists of 1024 megabytes. Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 2 Operating systems software The operating system is a special type of program that loads automatically when you start your computer. Applications software An application program is the type of program that you use once the operating system has been loaded. Examples include word-processing programs, spreadsheets and databases. Word processing applications Microsoft Word, Lotus Word Pro Spreadsheets Microsoft Excel, Lotus 123 Database Microsoft Access, Lotus Approach Presentation tools Microsoft PowerPoint, Lotus Freelance Desktop publishing Abode Photoshop Multimedia applications Microsoft's Encarta CD-ROM based encyclopaedias Things computer like: Good ventilation, Clean environment Stable, vibration free surface Things computer don’t like: Dust Drinking and eating over the keyboard Heat, Cold or Moisture Don’t place objects on top of monitors. Don’t place floppy disks near monitors. Kinds of computers There are many types of computers: 1. Personal computer 2. Workstation computer 3. Mainframe computer 4. Minicomputer 5. Supercomputer 6. Embedded system 7. Tablet computer Common uses of home computers Playing computer games Writing Solving mathematics Looking for things on the Internet Watching TV and movies Listening to music Communicating with other people Downloading Sending e-mail Using Internet Computer Training 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Recording Calculating Editing (Video, Photo) Taking Pictures (photography) Drawing Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 3 Common uses of work computers Word processing Spreadsheets (Excel) PowerPoint Presentations Photo Editing (Photoshop, GIMP) E-mail Video editing/rendering/encoding Audio recording System Management Computer software Operating System Unix/BSD UNIX System V, AIX, HP-UX, Solaris (SunOS), IRIX, List of BSD operating systems GNU/Linux List of Linux distributions, Comparison of Linux distributions Microsoft Windows Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista,Windows 7, Windows CE DOS 86-DOS (QDOS), PC-DOS, MS-DOS, FreeDOS Mac OS Mac OS classic, Mac OS X Embedded and realList of embedded operating systems time Library Data User interface Application Experimental Amoeba, Oberon/Bluebottle, Plan 9 from Bell Labs Multimedia DirectX, OpenGL, OpenAL Programming library C standard library, Standard template library Protocol TCP/IP, Kermit, FTP, HTTP, SMTP File format HTML, XML, JPEG, MPEG, PNG Graphical user interface (WIMP) Microsoft Windows, GNOME, KDE, QNX Photon, CDE, GEM Text user interface Command line interface, shells Office suite Word processing, Desktop publishing, Presentation program, Database management system, Scheduling & Time management, Spreadsheet, Accounting software Internet Access Browser, E-mail client, Web server, Mail transfer agent, Instant messaging Design and manufacturing Computer-aided design, Computer-aided manufacturing, Plant management, Robotic manufacturing, Supply chain management Graphics Raster graphics editor, Vector graphics editor, 3D modeler, Animation editor, 3D computer graphics, Video editing, Image processing Audio Digital audio editor, Audio playback, Mixing, Audio synthesis, Computer music Software Engineering Compiler, Assembler, Interpreter, Debugger, Text Editor, Integrated development environment, Performance analysis, Revision control, Software configuration management Educational Edutainment, Educational game, Serious game, Flight simulator Games Strategy, Arcade, Puzzle, Simulation, First-person shooter, Platform, Massively multiplayer, Interactive fiction Misc Artificial intelligence, Antivirus software, Malware scanner, Installer/Package management systems, File manager Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 4 ါဝ ( ( ) ) ဝ ဝ (Devices) (Abacus) (Abacus) Wilhelm Schickard (Calculators) (၁၆ ၃) Device ၁၈ ၁ Cards Series Programme Joseph Marie Jacquard ဝ Textile Punched Paper Jacquard ၁၈၃၇ Analytical Charles Babbage Programmable Mechanical Computer Design Engine ၁၈ US Census Punched Card Scale Automated Data Processing Tabulating Machines Herman Hollerith Designed Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation ( IBM ) ၁ ဝ Punched Card, Boolean Algebra, The Vacuum Tube (Thermionic Value) Teleprinter ( ) Analog Computer Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 5 Programmable Digital ဝ ( ) (von Neumann) ဝ ဝ ဝ ဝ (flow of control) ၁ ၁ ။ ။ (arithmetic and logic unit) (I/O) Computer Training (control unit) (Memory Device) ဝ Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 6 (control unit, often called a control system or CPU) Arithmetic logic unit unit, ALU) ALU square root (Arithmetic and logic (floating point) (real number) ဝ AND OR XOR SIMD NOT ဝ MIMD (Memory Device) ၁ ၆ (Memory Device) (address) ၁၃ ၇ ၁ ၁ ၃ ၁၃ ၇ ၆ (bit) -၁ ၈ +၁ ၇ ၈ Computer Training (byte) ၆ Two's complement Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 7 random access memory ROM RAM RAM read-only memory ROM RAM ROMROM drive BIOS hard disk RAM I/O peripheral , Computer Computer Hardware (Commands) (Hardware) Computer Hardware (Instructions) ဝ (Software) Firmware Firmware Hardware Software Hardware ဝ (Instructions) Software Firmware Interface Using the Mouse Exerecise Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Mouse 1- left click Page | 8 Buttons Scroll Wheel left click drag 2- Docuble left click 3- Right click pop-menu Mouse exerecise Window or start menu All programs Accessories Paint Paint program document colour Home ribbon Tool Fill with color document Tool Eraser document color left click Mouse exerecise Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 9 Computer Typing Keyboard Key Escape Key - Function Key - F1-F12 Key Backspace Key - Cursor Delete Key - Cursor Num lock Key - Arrow Keys - Enter Key - Menu Key - Spacebar bar - Tap - Windows Key - Ctrl, Alt - Caps lock Key - Uppercase- Shift Key - Uppercase- Hoem/End - Cursor Pageup/Down - Computer Training Cursor Cursor Right Click Key Ctrl, Alt Key Key Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 10 Typing Exerecise Window or Start Menu All Programs Broderbund Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing Click Desktop Screen Mavis Beacon Icon Docuble Click The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 11 Introduction = Microsoft office 2010 Microsoft office version 2003,2007,2010,2013,2016 user interface (UI) Microsoft word version 2010 version 2003 PDf Output Excel, power point Microsoft office Word 2010 Program Windown (or) Start Microsoft Office Microsoft Word 2010 Icon Shortcut Double Click= (or) Windown+R (or) Desktop Screen Run box winword Ok M Title bar Document window file Quick Access Tool Minimize ၏ Undo, Redo, Save program Maximize Close Microsoft Document Program Show/Hide Ribbon Show/Hide Ruler Tab Function Ribbon Home, Insert Ruler Insertion point Cursor Document window Vertical Scroll bar Horizontal Scroll bar Status bar , View buttons Zoom Slider Computer Training / Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 12 Document File Copy Document File PDF File File Document File Document File ၏ File List Document File Print File Type Email Word Document Word Document Option Microsoft Document Program Microsoft Document File File > Save Box Save button (Shortcut key- CTRL+S) Document File Save File Copy Box File > Save as PDF File File> Save as Adobe PDF Microsoft Document File File > close (Shortcut Save, program Shortcut Key – ALT+F4 Computer Training key- CTRL+W) D ’ v , close button Quick Access Tool Box Cancel Microsoft Document - File> Exit word document Icon Docuble Click Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 13 Microsoft Document File File File> open(Shortcut Key-CTRL+O) Click- Open Left button Double File File> Recent List ClickDocument File File>New>Blank document> double Click(or) Create Cursor Ctrl+ Press Ctrl+ Press Ctrl+ Press Ctrl+ Cursor End Cursor Home Cursor PageUp Cursor PageDown Cursor Ctrl+End Cursor ၏ Ctrl+Home Cursor ၏ Shift+F5 Cursor BackSpace Cursor Ctrl+BackSpace Cursor Delete Cursor Ctrl+Delete Cursor Press Cursor Cursor Cursor Cursor Cursor Cursor Cursor Select Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn ၁ Page | 14 Select / ၂ ၃ Cursor Shift Key Select ၅ Select ၆ Cursor Double Click ၄ ( Select ) Cursor Shift+Home(or)End Key Left Click (3) Cursor Select ၈ ၉ Shift Key Arrow Key ၄ ၇ Left Click Select (Triple Click) Shift+Ctrl+Home (or)End Key Ctrl+A Mouse Pointer Margin / Select / Copy Copy / HomeClipboard Copy / Shortcut Key (CTRL+C) Right ClickCopy Paste Cursor Shortcut Key HomeClipboard Right -Right ClickPaste / Cut Select Shortcut Key (CTRL+X) ClickCut HomeClipboard - HomeClipboard (CTRL+V) / - Select Cursor Paste Shortcut Key (CTRL+V) -Right ClickPaste Home Clipboad task pane Copy, Cut Pane Paste Paste All Clear All Pane Clipboad task pane (၂၄) Copy, Cut Down Arrow Scrool Bar Paste(or)Delete Copy -( Page 22 ) Copy Font Size Home Menu Font Font Size Select toolbar Vertical (8) (Ctrl+Sfift+>) Computer Training (72) Text (1638) Size Font Size Select Font Size Formatting Grow Font Shrink Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 15 Bold (Ctrl+B ) ( ) Italic (Ctrl+I) Underline (Ctrl+U) Strikethrough Subscript (Ctrl+=) (H2O) (1st prize) Superscript (Ctrl++) Text Effects Text Highlight Color / Select Font Color Clear formatting Font Change Case Font Computer Training Style Size Format Select Font Dialog Box (CTRL+D) Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 16 Text Effects Text Fill-Color Text Outline, Outline Style, Shawdow, Reflection, Glow and Soft Edges, 3-D Format Effect Set As Default Font, Size, Effect Advanced > Character Spacing Scale Spacing Size Marins Page laout Ribbon Size, Orientation Down Arrow Page Setup Dialog box Multiple pages Mirror Margins 2 page per Sheet Size Book Fold Margins Margins Top Botto m Left Right A4 Portarit 1'' 1'' 1.25'' 0.75'' Legal Portarit 4'' 1.5'' 1'' 1'' Letter Head A4 Portarit 0.5'' 0.5'' 0.5'' 0.5'' Letter Head A4 Portarit 2.25'' 1'' 1.25'' 1'' Thesis A4 Portarit 1'' 1'' 1.5'' 1'' Certificate A4/Legal Portarit,Landscape 1'' 1'' 1'' 1'' A4/Legal Landscape 0.25'' 0.25'' 0.25'' 0.25'' Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 17 Home Paragraph Group Shad Align Text Left (CTRL+L) Align Text Center (CTRL+E) Align Text Right (CTRL+R) Align Text Justify (CTRL+J) Decrease Indent / Increase Indent / Line and paragraph spacing / Shading Select Select Paragraph Dialog Box Page layout Parapraph Paragraph Dialog Box Indentation Special: line, Hanging First by: Spacing Before: After: Line Spacing 1.5 Lines, Docuble, As Least, Exactly, Multiple At: Before, After, Line spacing, At Style D ’ / / Select Home ParagraphBullets(or) Numbering Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 18 Bullets / v level Define New Bullet Symbol, Picture, Font Numbering / Define New Number Format v Multilevel list / Define New Multilevel list D Style / / HomePa ragraph Bottom Border / / / / Select , Top, Left, Right, All, Outside, Inside, Inside Horizontal, Inside Vertical Line and D Diagonal down (or) Border Computer Training and Shading / / Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 19 Border and Shading Box Paragraph Apply to Text (or) Option Shading button Horizontal Line Horizontal Line Button Border and Shading Box Page Border Style, Color, Width, Art Apply to Document =Whole =This Section – First page only =This Section – All Except First page Sort Select Example: Alphabet Sort Numerical Sort Babbler Alphabet 3 NRC 1 Name Catapult Babbler 2 Age 2 Age Alphabet Catapult 5 Status 3 NRC Eagerly Dacoit 1 Name 4Address Dacoit Eagerly 4Address 5 Status Show/Hide Formatting Symbols Tab, Space, Enter Key Format Style Style Styles D Style Home Gallery Styles Enter Cursor / Select Style Clear Formatting Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 20 Right Click Modify Gallery Rename remove from Quick Style gallery Quick Access Toolbar Add Gallery to Quick Access Toolbar Right Click Style Name, Fonts, Size, Text Effect, Color, Modify Alignment, Modify Style Box ၏ Paragraph Modify Style Spacing Format Border, Frame, Numbering Text Effect Style Home Style New Style Style Name, Style type, Style based on ,Style for Following paragraph Font Style / Style gallery More down arrow New Style Style Styles Create New Font, Size, alignment, Font Paragraph group Save Selection as a new quick style Apply Style Change Styles Heading 1 Style Theme Colo Font Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 21 Home Find Arrow Find Find Down Navigation Box Navigation Box Results Page Heading Zawgyi Font win Font Search Navigation Box Find Options Down Arrow Graphics, Tables, Equations, Foot/Endnotes, Comments Home Find Down Arrow Advanced Find Find in Format Special Search options Find Next Home Replace Find and Replace Box - - Find Next Replace Replace All Find Next Go To Page, Section, Line, bookmark, Comment, Footnote, Endnote, Field, Table, Graphic, Equation, object, Heading ၄ ၏ Select Home Select Down Arrow Select Select All (CTRL+A) Select Formatting Select Objects Select Text with Similar Select Select Selection pane Select Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 22 Copy / Format Copy Copy HomeClipboard Format Painter / / Select (CTRL+SHIFT+C) Brush Pointer Left Click Copy Copy Computer Training Copy Effect / HomeClipboard Copy HomeClipboard Pas / Cursor Down arrow Effect Options Paste Keep Text only Keep Source Formatting: Merge Copy Formatting: Copy Keep Text Only: / Copy ( Page - 14 ) Copy Insert Ribbon Insert Ribbon Pages Cover Page Blank Page, Page Break Tables Illustrations Links Headers & Footer ၏ Header & Footer Text Symbols Equation Computer Training Symbol Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 23 Cover page Insert Page Cover page Microsoft Word cover Cover Insert Text Quick parts Document property Cover page Gallery Building Blocks Onganizer Cover Page Gallery Save Selection to Cover Page Gallery Insert Text Save Selection to Quick Part Gallery Gallery Remove Cover Page Cover Pgae Current Cover Page Black Page Cover Page Cursor Page Break Insert Insert Table Table Columns Row Fixed Column Width Remember dimensions for new tables Draw table Excel Program Select Convert Text to Table Select Save Selection to Quick Table Quick Table Quick Table Gallery Gallery Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 24 Table Styles Select arrow Table Tools D Table Styles Style ၄ Table Style Style Style Clear Down Modify Table New Table Table Style Table Styles Shading Border Down arrow Cursor Select tools Tool Select Tool Select cell Select Select Row Table Select Column Table Select Select Select Table Properties Tool box Table Properties dialog Table size, Alignment, Text Wrapping Cursor Delete Tool Delete cell, Column, Row, Delete Table Select Left Click Computer Training Select Ctrl Key Select Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 25 Select Cell Select Select Cell Select Cursor ၏ Column Row Insert Above, Below, Left, Right Cell Row & Down Arrow Cusor cell cursor cell (Right Click column column Row Row Insert ) Row Coloumn Cell Merge Cells Cell Cell Column cell Column Select Alignment Table tools Layout Alignment Margins Table Row Cell Text Direction Select Split Cells Split Tabel Distribute Row Cell Cell Margins Tool Table Options Box Column Table tools Layout Data Sort Box Sort Dialog Column Type Text , Ascending Number Deascending OK Table tools Layout Data Repeat Header Rows Header Row Select Rows Auto Convert To Text Paragraph, Tab, Comma Cursor ၏ cell Table tools Layout Data Formula Tool =Sum(BELOW), Box =Sum(LEFT), =Sum(RIGHT) Paste Function: AVERAGE MAX= ၄ Formula =Sum(ABOVE), Currency, Percentage Cell COUNT, number format: MIN= D Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 26 Graphic Insert Ribbon Illustration Picture Insert Picture box Docuble click (or) Insert Picture Tools Picture Tools Remove Backgroud Background Backgroud Mark areas to keep Backgroud Mark areas to Remove Selection Delete Mark Keep Changes Discard all Changes Adjust Corrections, Color, Artistic Effects Change Picture Computer Training Reset Picture Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 27 Picture Tools Picture Styles Picture Border Picture Effects Shadow, Reflection, Glow, Soft Edges, Bevel, 3D Picture Layout Smartart Picture Tools Arrange Position ၏ > > > More layout option Layout box Absolute Horizontal Position, Relative Vertical Position Alignment Picture Tools Arrange Wrap Text Selection wrap points Layout box Layout box Text Wrapping In line with text, Square, Tight, Through, Top and Bottom, Behind text, in front of text Left only Right Bring Forward only - Down arrow Bring in Send Backoard Down arrow Selection Pane Show/Hide (၉ ) Rotate Down arrow Group Select Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 28 Align Margin Objects Picture Tools Size Crop Down arrow Crop Crop to Shape Shape Aspect Ratio Fit Height Width Size Insert Clip Art Office Word Program Picture Picture Tool Clip Art Shapes Drawing Shapes Insert Illustrations Shapes Down arrow Rectangles, Basic Shapes, Block Arrows, Equation Shapes, Flowchart, Stars and Nanners, Callouts Shapes Drawing Tools Insert Shapes Edit Shape Down Arrow Shape Shape Edit Points Change Shapes Selection Edit Point Shape Edit Smooth Edit Points point, Straight Add, Delete, Open, point , Conor D Shape Drawing Tools Shape Styles point Shape Right Click Shape Styles Shape Fill Shape Outline Shape Effects Drawing Tools WordArt Styles Shape 3D D Shape Shape Shape Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 29 Drawing Tools Arrange Bring Forward & Send Backward Shape Smart Art Insert Illustrations Smart Art Docuble Click (or) Select SmartArt Graphic Box Ok family mother Father me Select SmartArt Graphic sister SmartAart Tools Design Create Graphic Layout Styles brother SmartArt Styles Reset Graphic SmartAart Tools Format Shape Larger & Smaller Chage Shape Drawing Shape SmartArt Graphic Chart Chart Chart Docuble Click(or) Select Microsoft word Computer Training Ok Microsoft Excel Copy Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 30 Chart Tools Design Type Template File Chart Type Data Row & Column Chart Styles Chart Area Style Chart Title, Horizontal Axis, Horizontal Axis Titel, Legend, Plot Area, Vertical Axis, Vertical Axis Gridlines, Series Title Format Labels Series Title D Chart Label D Primary Vertical Axis ၏ Hyperlink Hyperlink File Microsoft word Select Insert Links Hyperlink Box File Select Link ScreenTip Ctrl+ Left Click File Bookmark Bookmark Select Bookmark Bookmark Box Add Cursor Link Cross- reference reference type Number Bookmark Insert Insert reference to Box Text, Page Number, Paragraph Bookmark Cursor Advanced Find Goto Goto what: Bookmark Bookmark Bookmark Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 31 Header, Footer Header & Footer ၏ Header & Footer Edit Header , Remove Header Footer, Header & Footer Microsoft Word Header & Footer Gallery Save Selection to Header & Footer Gallery Page Number , Bottom Page, Margins Page Margins, Cursor Current Position Remove Page Numbe Page Format Numbers Number Format Start at: Header, Footer Date Header & Footer Tools Time Quick Parts Format Clip Art Header Header & Footer Footer, Footer Previous, Next & Link to Previous Link Picture Header Header & Footer Section Different First Page Header & Footer Pages Go to Different Odd & Even / Header & Footer Shwo Document Text Position / Header & Footer Header & Footer Alignment Tab Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page | 32 Text Box Text Box D D Insert Shapes, Shape Styles, WordArt Styles, Text, Arrange, Size WordArt WordArt WordArt Styles D Insert Shapes, Shape Styles, WordArt Styles, Text, Arrange, Size Drop Cap Drop Cap ၏ Select Drop Cap Drop Cap Margin Cap Dropped In margin Options Font, Drop Drop Cap Equation Equation Equation Equation Insert New Equation Equation Equation Computer Training Tools Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 33 Themes အသံုးျပဳျခင္း Microsoft Word Simple Document ဖိုင္တစ္ခုကုိ Professional-looking Document ဖိုင္တစ္ခုအေနနဲ႔ ေျပာင္းလဲရန္ Color, Font, Effect စတာေတြ ေပါင္းစပ္ျပဳလုပ္ထားတဲ့ Page Layout ရိွ Themes ကုိႏွိပ္၍ အသင့္ျပဳလုပ္ၿပီးသား Themes စတိုင္မ်ားနဲ႔ Themes Colors, Themes Fonts, Themes Effects မ်ားကုိလည္း အသံုးျပဳႏိုင္သည္။ Color, Font မ်ားကုိ အသစ္ျပဳလုပ္လိုက Create New Theme Colors, Create New Theme Fonts မ်ားကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ ကုိယ္တုိင္ဖန္တီးထားေသာ Style မ်ားကုိ Themes Gallery ထဲသို႔ ထည့္သြင္းသိမ္းဆည္းလုိပါက Save Current Theme ကုိႏွိပ္ပါ။ Themes တြင္ ပါ၀င္ေသာ Styles, Colors, Fonts, Effects မ်ားသည္ Home ေအာက္ရိွ Change Styles တြင္ပါ၀င္ေသာ အရာမ််ားႏွင့္ ဆင္တူသည္။ ျပင္ဆင္ ေျပာင္းလဲလုိက္ေသာ Theme Styles Document မ်ားသည္ တစ္ဖိုင္လံုးကုိ သက္ေရာက္သည္။ Home ေအာက္ရိွ Font Group, paragraph တို႔ျဖင့္ ျပင္ဆင္လိုက္ေသာ Style, Font, Color, Effect မ်ားသည္ Select မွတ္ေသာ စာလံုး၊ စာေၾကာင္း၊ စာပုိဒ္မ်ားကုိသာ သက္ေရာက္သည္။ Themes သည္ ဤသို႔ ထူးပါသည္။ ေကာ္လံမ်ားခြဲျခင္း ေကာ္လံခြဲလိုေသာ စာမ်ားကုိ Select မွတ္၍ Page Layout ေအာက္ရိွ Coloumns တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ Two, Three, Left, Right တို႔ကို ေရြးခ်ယ္ပါ။ More Columns တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ Columns Box တြင္ Number of Columns: ထားလိုေသာ ေကာ္လံ အေရအတြက္ထည့္္ျခင္း၊ Line between: ေကာ္လံမ်ားၾကားတြင္ မ်ဥ္းေၾကာင္းထည့္္ျခင္း၊ ေကာ္လံအက်ယ္ႏွင့္ Width အကြာအေ၀း နဲ႔ Spacing တြင္ သတ္မွတ္ျခင္း၊ Equal Column Width:တြင္ ေကာ္လံအက်ယ္မ်ား အညီထားျခင္း၊ Apply to: တြင္ သက္ေရာက္လိုေသာ ေကာ္လံ ဧရိယာေရြးခ်ယ္ျခင္းတို႔ ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 34 Break Tool အသံုးျပဳျခင္း Cursor Point ေနရာစ၍ ေနာက္တစ္မ်က္ႏွာသြားရန္ Cursor Point ေနရာစ၍ ေနာက္တစ္ေကာ္လံ သြားရန္ Objects ပံုႏွင့္ စာမ်ား ခြဲျခားရန္ Cursor Point ေနရာစ၍ ေနာက္တစ္မ်က္ႏွာ၌ Section အသစ္စရန္ စာမ်က္ႏွာတစ္ခု၌ ေနာက္ထပ္ Section အသစ္တစ္ခုထည့္သြင္းရန္ စံုဂဏန္းစာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ား၌ Section ထည့္သြင္းရန္ မဂဏန္းစာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ား၌ Section ထည့္သြင္းရန္ Document File အတြင္း Enter ႏွိပ္၍ ရုိက္ထားေသာ Line စာေၾကာင္းမ်ားကုိ နံပါတ္မ်ား အစဥ္တုိင္းတပ္လိုက Continuous, တစ္မ်က္ႏွာခ်င္းတပ္လိုက Restart Each Page, Section တစ္ခုခ်င္းတပ္လိုက Restart Section တုိ႔ကုိ ေရြးခ်ယ္၍ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ ေကာ္လံႏွင့္ စာေၾကာင္း၊ စာပိုဒ္မ်ားအတြင္းရိွ မဆန္႔ေသာ စကားလံုးမ်ားကုိ Hyphen (-) ေလးေတြ ခံလိုပါက Hyphenation တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ Automatic ကိုေရြးပါ၊ မခံလိုက None ကုိေရြးပါ၊ ကုိယ္တုိင္ေရြးခ်ယ္၍ ခံလိုပါက Manual ကုိေရြးပါ။ WaterMark အသံုးျပဳျခင္း မူပိုင္ခြင့္ႏွင့္ Copy ကူးယူ၍ ဦးေႏွာက္ေဖာက္စားခံရျခင္းမွ ကာကြယ္ရန္ စာမ်က္ႏွာ Background တြင္ ေနာက္ခံ ေရစာျပဳလုပ္ထားႏိုင္သည္။ WaterMark ျပဳလုပ္ဖို႔ Page Layout Custom WaterMark ေအာက္ရိွ WaterMark ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Printed WaterMark Box ထဲက Text တြင္ ႏွစ္သက္ရာေရး၍ Font, Size, Color, Layout ေရြးခ်ယ္ႏုိင္သည္။ အမွန္ျခစ္ ျဖဳတ္ပါ။ တို႔ကုိလည္း ထင္ရွားေအာင္ ျပန္ျဖဳတ္လုိက ကုိယ္တုိင္ဖန္တီးထားေသာ တပ္လိုရင္ Semitransparent Remove WaterMark WaterMark မ်ားကုိ Microsoft တြင္ ကိုႏွိပ္ပါ။ Word ရဲ့ WaterMark Gallery ထဲ ထည့္သြင္းသိမ္းဆည္းလိုက Save selection to WaterMark Gallery ကုိ ႏွိပါ။ Page Color ႏွင့္ Page Borders အသံုးျပဳျခင္း စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ား အေရာင္ဆိုးျခင္းႏွင့္ ေဘာင္ခတ္ျခင္းကုိ Page Layout Page Background တြင္ Page Color ႏွင့္ Page Borders တို႔ကုိ ႏွိပ္၍ အသံုးျပဳႏိုင္သည္။ စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ားကုိ Borders and Shading Box ရိွ Apply to: တြင္ Documeny တစ္ဖိုင္လံုး စာမ်က္ႏွာ ေဘာင္ခတ္ျခင္း၊ လက္ရိွ Section ကိုသာ ေဘာင္ခတ္ျခင္း၊ ပထမစာမ်က္ႏွာတစ္ခုကုိသာ ေဘာင္ခတ္ျခင္း၊ ပထမ စာမ်က္ႏွာ ခ်န္လွပ္၍ ေဘာင္ခတ္ျခင္းတို႔ ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 35 မာတိကာေခါင္းစဥ္မ်ား ျပဳလုပ္ျခင္း စာအုပ္တစ္အုပ္ရဲ့ မာတိကာေခါင္းစဥ္မ်ား ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္ရန္ Home ေအာက္က Heading 1 စတဲ့ Styles မ်ားနဲ႔ ျပဳလုပ္ခ့ဲတဲ့ စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ားအတြင္းက စာပုိဒ္ေခါင္းစဥ္မ်ားကုိ References ေအာက္က Table of Contents ကုိႏွိပ္၍ ႏွစ္သက္ရာပံုစံျဖင့္ ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ Insert Table of Contents ကုိ ႏွိပ္၍ Table of Contents Box ထဲရိွ စာမ်က္ႏွာ နံပါတ္မ်ား တပ္ျခင္း၊ မတပ္ျခင္း၊ ညာဘက္မာဂ်င္သို႔ မကပ္ျခင္း၊ ကပ္ျခင္း၊ Tab Leader မ်ားထည့္ျခင္း၊ Hyperlinks မ်ား ခ်ိတ္ျခင္း၊ မျခင္း၊ Formats မ်ား ေရြးခ်ယ္ျခင္း တို႔ ထပ္မံ ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္ပါေသးသည္။ ျပန္ဖ်က္ လိုက Remove Contents Table of ကုိႏွိပ္ပါ။ ကုိယ္တုိင္ဖန္တီးထားေသာ မာတိကာ ေခါင္စဥ္မ်ား Gallery ထဲ ထည့္သြင္းသိမ္းဆည္းလိုက Save Selection to Table of Contents Gallery ကို ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Footnote အသံုးျပဳျခင္း စာအုပ္စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ားတြင္ ေအာက္ေျခမွတစ ္ ုမ်ားႏွင့္ က်မ္းညႊန္းမ်ား တပ္ရန္ References ေအာက္က Insert Footnote ကုိ အသံုးျပဳသည္။ Footnote မ်ား ထည့္လိုေသာ စာလံုးမ်ားေနာက္တြင္ Cursor ခ်၍ Insert Footnote ကုိႏွိပ္ပါ။ Footnote နံပါတ္မ်ားေဘးတြင္ က်မ္းညႊန္းႏွင့္ မွတ္စုမ်ား ေရးပါ။ Footnote ကုိ စာမ်က္ႏွာ ေအာက္ေျခႏွင့္ စာမ်ားေအာက္ေျခတြင္ ေရြးခ်ယ္၍ ထားရန္ Footnote and Endnote Box ရိွ Location တြင္ ေရြးခ်ယ္ပါ။ Footnote တပ္လိုသည့္ နံပါတ္ႏွင့္ အကၡရာပံုစံမ်ားကုိ Format တြင္ေရြးခ်ယ္ပါ။ Footnote ကုိ စာမ်က္ႏွာႏွင့္ Section တစ္ခုခ်င္းအလိုက္လည္း တပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ Endnote သည္ စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ား၏ ေနာက္ဆံုးႏွင့္ Section၏ ေနာက္ဆံုးတြင္ တပ္သည္ End နဲ႔ Footnote သည္ ဤမွ်သာထူးသည္။ ေရွ႔ေနာက္ End နဲ႔ Footnote မ်ားကုိ သြားလိုက Next, Previous Footnote, Endnote မ်ားကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Notes မ်ားကို ၾကည့္လိုက Shownotes ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Caption အသံုးျပဳျခင္း Caption ကို စာအုပ္စာမ်က္ ႏွာမ်ား၏ ေနာက္ဆံုးတြင္ စာမ်က္ႏွာ နံပါတ္မ်ားႏွင့္ စာရင္းထုတ္၍ ထားရန္ သံုးသည္။ ဇယားမ်ား၊ Caption Equation အသံုးျပဳႏုိင္သည္။ ကုိ ပံုမ်ား မ်ားတြင္ အသံုးျပဳလိုေသာ ပံုမ်ား ဇယားမ်ား၊ Equation မ်ားကုိ Select မွတ္၍ References ေအာက္က Insert Caption တြင္ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Label တြင္ ပံု၊ ဇယား၊ Equation ေရြး၍ Ok ႏွိပ္ပါ။ စာအုပ္စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ားေနာက္ဆံုးတြင္ References ေအာက္က Insert Table of Figures ကုိ ႏွိပ္၍ Table of Figures Box တြင္ Caption Label ႏွင့္ စာမ်က္ႏွာ နံပါတ္မ်ား တပ္ျခင္း၊ မတပ္ျခင္း၊ ညာဘက္မာဂ်င္သို႔ ကပ္ျခင္း၊ မကပ္ျခင္း၊ Tab Leader မ်ားထည့္ျခင္း၊ Hyperlinks မ်ား ခ်ိတ္ျခင္း၊ မျခင္း၊ Formats မ်ား ေရြးခ်ယ္ျခင္း တို႔ ထပ္မံ ျပဳလုပ္ၿပီး Ok ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 36 အကၡရာစဥ္ အသံုးျပဳျခင္း စာအုပ္စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ား၏ ေနာက္ဆံုးတြင္ အကၡရာစဥ္မ်ား ထည့္ သြင္းရန္ အကၡရာစဥ္ ျပဳလုပလ ္ ိုေသာ စကားလံုးမ်ားကုိ တစ္လံုးခ်င္း Select မွတ္၍ References ေအာက္က Mark Entry ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Bold, Italic စတာေတြ ေရြး၍ Mark ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Close ႏွိပ္ပါ။ အကၡရာစဥ္ ျပဳလုပ္လိုေသာ စာအုပ္စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ား၏ ေနာက္ဆံုးတြင္ References ေအာက္က Insert Index ကုိႏွိပ္၍ Tab Leader, Columns, Formats စတာေတြ ေရြး၍ ok ႏွိပ္ပါ။ မိမိ ေရြးခ်ယ္ခဲ့ေသာ စကားလံုးမ်ား အကၡရာစဥ္လိုက္ ထုတ္ေပးပါလိမ့္မည္။ စာအုပ္ကုိ Proof ဖတ္ျခင္း စာအုပ္တစ္အုပ္ ရိုက္ၿပီးတဲ့အခါ ေနာက္ဆံုးအေနနဲ႔ အမွားအယြင္းနည္းေအာင္ စာလံုးေပါင္းနဲ႔ သဒၵါမ်ား စစ္ေဆးျခင္းကုိ Proof ဖတ္တယ္လို႔ ေခၚပါတယ္။ Microsoft Word မွာ ကုိယ္တုိင္ စစ္ေဆးစရာမလိုဘဲ Review ေအာက္က Spelling & Grammar ကုိႏွိပ္ကုိ စစ္ေဆးခုိင္းလို႔ရပါတယ္။ တစ္လံုးခ်င္း စစ္၍ အစားထိုးေျပာင္းလဲလို႔ ရသလို အစားထိုးေျပာင္းလဲလို႔လည္း ေက်ာ္သြားလိုရင္ Ignore အားလံုးဆိုရင္ေတာ့ အဓိပၸါယ္တူ အားလံုး ရပါတယ္။ One Ignore ကုိႏွိပ္ပါ။ All စကားလံုးမ်ားကုိ ေပါ့။ ရွာေဖြ အစားထိုးလိုရင္ Research ႏွင့္ Thesaurus တို႔ကိုႏွိပ္၍ အစားထိုးလိုေသာ စကားလံုးကို Select မွတ္၍ ညာဘက္ Pane ထဲက အဓိပၸါယ္တူ စကားလံုးေပၚက ေအာက္စိုက္မွ်ားတြင္ Insert ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Comment အသံုးျပဳျခင္း စာမ်က္ႏွာေဘးတြင္ မွတ္ခ်က္ ျပဳခ်က္ျပဳလုပ္ထားခဲလ ့ ိုေသာ စကားလံုးမ်ားကုိ Select မွတ္၍ Review ေအာက္က New Comment ကုိ ႏွိပ္၍ ေရးပါ။ ျပန္ဖ်က္လိုက Delete, ေရွ႕ေနာက္ မွတ္ခ်က္မ်ားကုိ သြားလိုက Previous, Next တုိ႔ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ View Ribbon အသံုးျပဳျခင္း View ေအာက္တြင္ စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ားကုိ စာအုပ္ကဲ့သို႔ စာမ်က္ႏွာအျပည့္ျဖင့္ ၾကည့္လိုက Full Screen Reading, Internet Webpage စာမ်က္ႏွာမ်ားကဲ့သို႔ ၾကည့္ရႈရန္ Webpage Layout, Text Level မ်ားျဖင့္ ၾကည့္ရႈရန္ Outline, စာၾကမ္းေတြဘဲ ၾကည့္ရႈရန္ Draft တို႔ကုိ ႏွိပ္၍ ၾကည့္ပါ။ တစ္မ်က္ႏွာခ်င္း ၾကည့္လိုရင္ One Page, ႏွစ္မ်က္ႏွာခ်င္း ၾကည့္လိုရင္ Two Page, စာမ်က္ႏွာအက်ယ္ျဖင့္ ၾကည့္ရႈရန္ Page width တို႔ကို ႏွိပ္ပါ။ တစ္ဖိုင္ထဲကုိ window အသစ္ျဖင့္ ၾကည့္ရန္ new window, Microsoft Word Document ဖိုင္မ်ားကုိ အထက္ေအာက္ ၾကည့္ရန္ arrange, Document View ကုိ ႏွစ္ပုိင္းခြဲ၍ ၾကည့္လိုရင္ Splitတို႔ကို ႏွိပ္ပါ။ ျပန္ဖ်က္လိုရင္ Remove Split ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 37 ႏွစ္မ်က္ႏွာခ်င္း ၾကည့္လိုရင္ Two Page, စာမ်က္ႏွာအက်ယ္ျဖင့္ ၾကည့္ရႈရန္ Page width တို႔ကို ႏွိပ္ပါ။ တစ္ဖိုင္ထက ဲ ုိ window အသစ္ျဖင့္ ၾကည့္ရန္ new window, Microsoft Word Document ဖိုင္မ်ားကုိ အထက္ေအာက္ ၾကည့္ရန္ arrange, Document View ကုိ ႏွစ္ပုိင္းခြ၍ ဲ ၾကည့္လိုရင္ Splitတိ႔က ု ို ႏွိပ္ပါ။ ျပန္ဖ်က္လိုရင္ Remove Split ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Macros ကို အသံုးျပဳ၍ English-Myanmar Font Shortcut Key မ်ား ျပဳလုပ္ျခင္း Eng-Myan Meaning ကဲ့သ႔ေ ို သာ အဂၤလိပ္ျမန္မာတစ္လွည့္စီ ရိုက္ရတဲ့ ေနရာမ်ားတြင္ Eng, Myan Font မ်ားကို Shortcut ျဖင့္ အလြယ္တကူ ခ်ိန္းရန္ View Macros ကုိႏွိပ္၍ Record Macro ကုိႏွိပ္ပါ။ Record Macro Box တြင္ Keyboard ေရြး၍ ကုိ Customize Keyboard Box တြင္ Press new ႏွစ္သက္ရာ Shortcut Shortcut ရြးခ်ယ္ၾကည့္လုိ႔ Keys:၌ Keys ေ Unassign- Shortcut အသံုးျပဳထားျခင္း မရိွရင္ Assign Close ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ တိတ္ေခြပံုစံ Pointer ေလးျဖစ္သာြ းရင္ Font ႏွင့္ Size ေရြး၍ Stop Recording ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ ဤနည္းျဖင့္ Eng, Myan Font မ်ားကုိ Shortcut Key မ်ား ျပဳလုပ္ၿပီးရင္ အဂၤလိပ္စာ၊ ျမန္မာစာ အလြယ္တကူ ခ်ိန္း၍ ရုိက္လ႔ိုရပါၿပီး။ ဒ-ဓ ျပႆနာ ေျဖရွင္းျခင္း ျမန္မာစာရုိက္ရာတြင္ ဓ,ဒမ်ား မေပၚခဲ့ပါက File Options Proofing Auto Correct Options တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ Auto Format As You Type ေ အာက္တြင္ "Straight quotes" with "smart quotes" တြင္ အမွန္ျခစ္ ျဖဳတ္ပါ။ Auto Format ေအာက္တင ြ ္ "Straight quotes" with "smart quotes" တြင္ အမွန္ျခစ္ ျဖဳတ္ပါ။ ဤကဲ့သ႔ို Auto Correct Options တြင္ အမွန္ျခစ္မ်ား ျဖဳတ္ၿပီးက ဒ, ဓ ရိုက္လို႔ ရသြားပါၿပီး Print ထုတ္ျခင္း စာမ်ားရုိက္လို႔ အားလံုး ျပင္ဆင္ တည္းျဖတ္ အဆံုးသတ္ၿပီးရင္ A4, Legal စတဲ့ စာရြက္မ်ားနဲ႔ Print ထုတ္ဖို႔ File Print ကုိ ႏိွပ္ပါ။ Print ထုတ္ရန္ႏွင့္ အေရေတတက္ ေရရးရန္ Printer ေမ်ိဳးေစား ေရရးရန္ စာမ်က္ႏွာနံပါတ္ ေရရးရန္ စာမ်က္ႏွာနံပါတ္ တစ္စုစီ၊ တရစ္ရက္စီ ထုတ္ရန္ Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 38 အထက္ကအတုိင္း ေရြးခ်ယ္ျဖည့္စြက္ၿပီးရင္ေတာ့ Print ထုတ္လို႔ ရပါၿပီခင္မ်ာ ………… ။ Keyboard Shortcuts – Word 2010 RIBBON AND MENUS Hide or Show Ribbon Ctrl F1 Cancel Esc Show Shortcut Menu Shift F10 FILES Up One Level Alt 2 Update file list F5 INSERTING Date Alt Shift D Line Break Shift Enter New File Ctrl N Non-breaking hyphen Ctrl Shift Hyphen Save File Ctrl S Non-breaking space Ctrl Shift Spacebar Save As F12 Optional hyphen Ctrl Hyphen Open File Ctrl O Page Break Ctrl Enter Print Ctrl P Page Number Alt Shift P Close File Ctrl W FORMATTING CHARACTERS EDITING Font dialog box Ctrl D Clear manual Ctrl Spacebar or Delete to left Backspace Delete to right Delete Delete previous word Ctrl Backspace Delete next word Ctrl Delete Copy Formatting Ctrl Shift C Cut Ctrl X Paste Formatting Ctrl Shift V Copy Ctrl C Paste Ctrl V Change Case Shift F3 Find Ctrl F All Caps Ctrl Shift A Find Next Alt Ctrl Y Bold Ctrl B Replace Ctrl H Italics Ctrl I Redo Last Action Ctrl Y Small caps Ctrl Shift K Ctrl Z Subscript Ctrl = Superscript Ctrl + Symbol Font Ctrl Shift Q Underline Ctrl U Underline words only Ctrl Shift W Double Underline Ctrl Shift D Undo SELECTING TEXT F8 Selection character formatting Word F8 twice Sentence F8 three times Paragraph F8 four times Whole document Ctrl A or F8 five times Grow font 1 point Ctrl ] Shrink selection Shift F8 Shrink font 1 point Ctrl [ Grow font to next SPELL CHECK & THESAURUS Spelling and Grammar F7 Thesaurus Shift F7 available size Ctrl > Shrink font to next available size Ctrl < VIEWING A DOCUMENT Normal View Alt Ctrl N Outline View Alt Ctrl O Print Layout View Alt Ctrl P Show/Hide Non Printing characters Ctrl Shift * Split window Alt Ctrl S IN OPEN AND SAVE DIALOG BOXES Views Alt 5 Look in: list F4 Create New Folder Alt 4 Previous folder Alt 1 Computer Training FORMATTING PARAGRAPHS Clear manual para- Ctrl Q graph formatting Left align paragraph Ctrl L Justify paragraph Ctrl J Right align paragraph Ctrl R Centre paragraph Ctrl E Single spacing Ctrl 1 1.5 line spacing Ctrl 5 Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 39 Microsoft Excel Program 2010 သိ႔ု ၀င္ေရာက္ျခင္း Microsoft Excel Program ကုိ Word Program ကအတုိင္း window (Or) Start Menu All Program Microsoft Office Microsoft Excel 2010 ထဲကုိ ၀င္ေရာက္ပါ။ Microsoft Excelတြင္ ပါ၀င္ေသာ Ribbon Tools မ်ားသည္ Microsoft Word ႏွင့္ အမ်ားအားျဖင့္ ဆင္တူသည့္အတြက္ မတူသည့္အတြက္ မတူသည့္အပုိင္းမ်ားကုိသာ ေလ့လာသြားပါမည္။ Microsoft Excel program 2010 User Interface =IF(OR(AND(SUM(C3:H3)>399,LEFT(B3,2)="Ma"),AND(SUM(C3:H3)>400, LEFT(B3,2)="Ko") Name BoX Active Cell Formula bar Column heading All button Sheet Area Row heading Sheet tab ),"Medical","Other") Insert worksheet button View Buttons Microsoft Excel user interface တြင္ Active Cell - သည္ Data မ်ားရုိက္သြင္းရန္ျဖစ္ၿပီး၊ Select မွတ္သေလာက္ Active ျဖစ္မည္။ Name Box - သည္ Active ျဖစ္ေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား၏ တည္ေနရာ (သိ႔)ု နာမည္ကုိ ျပသည္။ All button - သည္ Cell ကြက္အားလံုးကုိ Select မွတ္သည္။ CTRL+A ႏွင့္တူသည္။ Formula bar - သည္ Cell ကြက္မ်ားအတြင္း ထည့္သြင္း ျပဳလုပ္ထားေသာ Excel Formula မ်ားကုိ ျပသည္။ Column heading- သည္ A,B,C စေသာ ေကာ္လံမ်ား၏ ေခါင္းစဥ္ကုိ ျပသည္။ Excel worksheet တစ္ခုအတြင္း (A to XFD)အထိ ေကာ္လံေပါင္း (16384)ခုရိွၿပီး ေကာ္လံမ်ား၏ အက်ဥ္းအက်ယ္ကုိ Microsoft word ထဲက Table column မ်ား အက်ဥ္းအက်ယ္ ျပဳလုပ္သည့္နည္းအတိုင္း အက်ဥ္းအက်ယ္ ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ Row heading - သည္ 1,2,3 စေသာ Row မ်ား၏ ေခါင္းစဥ္ကုိ ျပသည္။ Excel worksheet တစ္ခုအတြင္း Row ပါင္း (1048576)ခု ရိွၿပီး Row မ်ား၏ အက်ဥ္းအက်ယ္ကုိ Microsoft word ထဲက Table Row မ်ား အက်ဥ္းအက်ယ္ ျပဳလုပ္သည့္နည္းအတိုင္း အက်ဥ္းအက်ယ္ ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ View button - သည္ Normal view, page layout view, page break view တိ႔ျု ဖင့္ Worksheet Area ကို ၾကည့္ရႈႏိုင္သည္။ Microsoft Excel Workbook တစ္ခုတြင္ Default အေနျဖင့္ Sheet tab သံုးခုပါ၀င္ၿပီး ထပ္မံထည့္သင ြ ္းလိုပါက Insert worksheet button(Shift+F11) ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Sheet tab ေပၚ Right click ႏိွပ္၍ Pop Menu တြင္ အသစ္ထည့္သြင္းျခင္း၊ ဖ်က္ျခင္း၊ နာမည္ေျပာင္းျခင္း၊ ေနရာေရြ႕ျခင္း၊ copy ကူးျခင္း၊ view code ၾကည့္ျခင္း၊ Worksheet မ်ားကုိ ကာကြယ္ျခင္း၊ Tab color ေျပာင္းျခင္း၊ Sheet tab မ်ား ေဖ်ာက္ထားျခင္း၊ ျပန္ေဖၚျခင္း၊ Sheet အားလံုး Select မွတ္ျခင္းတု႔က ိ ုိ ျပဳလုပ္နုိင္သည္။ Sheet tab မ်ား၏ ေရွ႕ေနာက္၊ အၾကားစတဲ့ မိမိထားလိုသည့္ေနရာမ်ားသို႔ Sheet tab တစ္ခုအေပၚ Left click ဖိႏွိပ္ဆ၍ ြဲ လည္း ေနရာေရႊ႕ႏိုင္သည္။ Computer Training Basic Course Shwe Hti linn Page l 40 Active Cell မ်ား ေနရာေရႊ႕ျခင္း၊ Select မွတ္ျခင္း Active Cell မ်ားကုိ Arrow Key မ်ားႏွင့္ အထက္ေအာက္ ဘယ္ညာ ေရႊ႕ႏုိင္သလို Tab Key ျဖင့္လည္း ညာဘက္ ေကာ္လံမ်ားဆီသို႔ ေရႊ႕ႏိုင္သည္။ ဘယ္ဘက္ကုိ ျပန္ေရႊ႕လိုပါက Shift+Tab ကို ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Row တစ္ခု၏ အစႏွင့္ အဆံုးကုိ သြားလိုက Ctrl+Right,Left Arrow Key မ်ားကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Column တစ္ခု၏ အစႏွင့္ အဆံုးကုိ သြားလိုက Ctrl+above,down Arrow Key မ်ားကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Screen တစ္ခုစာ အထက္ေအာက္ ေရႊ႕လိုက Page Up, Page Down Key မ်ားႏွင့္ Screen တစ္ခုစာ ဘယ္ညာ ေရႊ႔လိုက ALT+Page Up, Page Down Key မ်ားကို ႏွိပ္ပါ။ ရွည္လားတဲ့ Row နဲ႔ Column မ်ားကုိ Shift Key ႏွင့္တဲ၍ ြ Horizontal ႏွင့္ vertical Scroll bar ကုိ ဖိႏွိပ္၍ ဆြဲၾကည့္ႏိုင္သည္။ Select မွတ္လိုေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ားကုိ Active Cell မ်ား ေရႊ႔တဲ့ အထက္ပါနည္းအတုိင္း Shift ႏွင့္တဲြႏွိပ္ပါ။ နီးကပ္စြာ မရိွတ့ဲ Row နဲ႔ Column မ်ားကုိ Select မွတ္လိုက Microsoft word ထဲက Table Row နဲ႔ Column မ်ား Select မွတ္နည္းအတိုင္း Ctrl Key ႏွင့္ တြဲမွတ္ပါ။ Paste Special အသံုးျပဳနည္း Home Clipboard Paste Down arrow ရိွ Paste Special Box ကုိ Cell တစ္ခုထဲက ကိန္းဂဏန္းတစ္ခုႏွင့္ Row, Column Cell Range တစ္ခုရိွ ကိန္းဂဏန္းမ်ားကုိ အေပါင္းအႏုတ္ အေျမႇာက္အစား ျပဳလုပ္ျခင္း၊ ေထာင္လိုက္အေနအထား Row အစဥ္တစ္ခုမွ အလ်ားလိုက္အေနအထား Column အစဥ္တစ္ခုသို႔ ေျပာင္းလဲျခင္း၊ အလ်ားလိုက္အေနအထား Column အစဥ္တစ္ခုမွ ေထာင္လိုက္အေနအထား Row အစဥ္တစ္ခုသို႔ ေကာ္ပီကူးေျပာင္းလဲျခင္း၊ Sheet တစ္ခုအတြင္းမွ ကိန္းဂဏန္းမ်ားကုိ အျခား Sheet တစ္ခုသ႔ို Link ခ်ိတ္လ်က္ ေကာ္ပီကူးယူျခင္းတို႔ ျပဳလုပ္ရာ၌ အသံုးျပဳသည္။ Cell တစ္ခုထက ဲ ကိန္းဂဏန္းတစ္ခုကုိ ေကာ္ပီကူး၍ အေပါင္းအႏုတ္ အေျမႇာက္အစား ျပဳလုပ္လုိေသာ Row, Column Cell Range တစ္ခုရိွ Cell ကြက္မ်ားကုိ Select မွတ္ပါ။ Paste Down arrow ရိွ Paste Special ကုိႏွိပ္၍ Paste Special Box ထဲက Operation တြင္ အေပါင္းအႏုတ္ အေျမႇာက္အစား တစ္ခုခု ေရြးခ်ယ္၍ ok ႏွိပ္ပါ။ ေထာင္လိုက္အေနအထား အေနအထား Column Row အစဥ္တစ္ခု၊ အစဥ္တစ္ခုမွ အလ်ားလိုက္ အလ်ားလိုက္အေနအထား Column အစဥ္တစ္ခုမွ ေထာင္လိုက္အေနအထား Row အစဥ္တစ္ခုသို႔ ေျပာင္းလဲလိုေသာ Row, Column Cell Range တစ္ခုကုိ Select မွတ္၍ ေကာ္ပီကူးပါ။ စ၍ ထားလိုေသာ Cell ကြက္ကုိ Active လုပ္၍ Paste Special Box ထဲက Transpose ကုိ အမွန္ျခစ္၍ Ok ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Sheet တစ္ခုအတြင္းမွ စားသားမ်ားႏွင့္ ကိန္းဂဏန္းမ်ားကုိ အျခား Sheet တစ္ခုသ႔ို သာမန္ေကာ္ပီ ကူးယူသည့္အခါ Formula မ်ားႏွင့္ တြက္ခ်က္ထားေသာ Copy Cell မ်ားသည္ Error မ်ား ျဖစ္ေပၚတတ္သည္။ ထိုအခါမ်ိဳးတြင္ Paste Special Box ထဲက Formulas, Values, Formats စတာေတြနဲ႔အတူ ေကာ္ပီကူးႏိုင္သလို Link ခ်ိတ္လ်က္ ေကာ္ပီကူးယူလိုတဲ့ Cell ကြက္မ်ားကုိ Paste Special Box ထဲက Paste Link တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ ေကာ္ပီ ကူးယူႏိုင္သည္။ Link ခ်ိတ္ထားသည့္အတြက္ မူလေနရာ၌ ကိန္းဂဏန္းမ်ား ေျပာင္းလွ်င္ Copy Cell မ်ားပါ လိုက္၍ ေျပာင္းသည္။ Copy ကူးထဲက Picture Format အေနနဲ႔ ကူးယူျခင္း Excel တြင္ Table မ်ားကုိ Copy ကူးထဲက Picture Format အေနနဲ႔ တပါးတည္း ကူးခဲ့ႏိုင္သည္။ Copy ကူးယူလိုတ့ဲ Cell Range မ်ားကုိ Select မွတ္၍ Home Clipboard Copy ေအာက္စိုက္မွ်ားရိွ Copy as Picture ကုိ ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Copy picture Box တြင္ Format အမ်ိဳးအစား ေရြးခ်ယ္၍ Ok ႏွိပ္ပါ။ Copy ထားလိုေသာ ေနရာသို႔ Active ခ်၍ Ctrl+V ႏိွပ္ပါ။ Copy ကူးယူစဥ္က သာမန္ကူးယူ၍ Paste ေအာက္ရိွ Other Paste Options တြင္ Picture(U) ကုိ ႏွိပ္၍လည္း Picture Format အေနနဲ႔ ေကာ္ပီ ကူးယူႏိုင္သည္။ Linked picture(I) ကုိ ေရြးခ်ယ္ခဲ့ရင္ေတာ့ မူလေနရာက စာသား၊ ကိန္းဂဏန္းမ်ား ေျပာင္းလဲတိုင္း ေျပာင္းေပးမည္။ Computer Training Basic Course Page l 41 Shwe Hti linn Text Orientation အသံုးျပဳျခင္း Cell ကြက္အတြင္းရိွ စာသားမ်ားကုိ Home Alignment Orientation ကုိႏွိပ္၍ အေနအထား အမ်ိဳးမ်ိဳး ေျပာင္းလဲႏိုင္သလို Format Cell Alignment တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ က်လာေသာ Format Cells Box တြင္လည္း မိမိစိတ္ႀကိဳက္ အလွည့္ဒီဂရီ သတ္မွတ္၍ စာသားအေနအထားမ်ား ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ Wrap Text ႏွင့္ Merge Cell မ်ား အသံုးျပဳျခင္း Cell ကြက္အတြင္း မဆန္႔တဲ့ စာသားမ်ား Cell တစ္ကြက္ထဲမွာပဲ ေနာက္တစ္ေၾကာင္းခ်၍ ေရးေစရန္ Cell ကြက္မ်ားေပါင္း၍ စာသားမ်ား အလယ္၌ထားရန္ Cell ကြက္မ်ား ျဖတ္ေပါင္းရန္ Cell ကြက္မ်ားသာ ေပါင္းရန္ Cell ကြက္မ်ား ျပန္မေပါင္းရန္ Cell ကြက္မ်ားအတြင္း Data မ်ားထည့္သြင္းျခင္း ႏွစ္ခုႏွင့္အထက္ Cell ကြက္မ်ား၏ အစုအေ၀းကုိ Range ဟုေခၚၿပီး Row တစ္ခုႏွင့္ Column တစ္ခုအတြင္း ကန္႔လန္႔ျဖတ္ထားသည့္ အကြက္တစ္ခုကို Cell ဟုေခၚသည္။ Cell ကြက္ထဲမွာ Text, Values, Date & Time, Formulas and Functions ဟု Data ေလးမ်ိဳး ထည့္သင ြ ္းႏုိင္သည္။ Cell ကြက္တစ္ခုအတြင္း မည္သည့္ အကၡရာ, ဂဏန္း, သေကၤတမဆို အလံုးေရ(၃၂၀၀၀)အထိ ရုိက္သြင္းႏိုင္သည္။ Cell ကြက္မ်ားအတြင္း အသံုးျပဳမည့္ အေၾကာင္းအရာလိုက္ Number, Currency, Accounting, Short & Long Date စတဲ့ အမ်ိဳးအစားမ်ားကုိ Home Number General ေအာက္စုိက္ျမႇားတြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ ေရြးခ်ယ္ႏိုင္သည္။ ABC 123 123 $123.00 $ 123.00 5/2/1900 Wednesday, May 2, 1900 12:00:00 AM 12300.0% 1/2 1.23E+02 Computer Training Currency Dollar Sign မ်ားကုိ Dollar Sign ေ အာက္စုိက္ျမႇားတြင္ ေရြးခ်ယ္ႏိုင္သလို ဒႆမေနာက္ ႏွစ္သက္ရာ ရာခုိင္ႏႈန္း၊ ေကာ္မာႏွင့္ ထားခ်င္ေသာ အေရအတြက္ကုိလည္း Increase, Decrease Decimal တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍လည္း အတိုးအေလ်ာ့ ျပဳလုပ္ႏိုင္သည္။ Home Number ညာဘက္ရိွ Corner Arrow တြင္ ႏွိပ္၍ က်လာေသာ Format Cells dialog box တြင္လည္း Number, Currency စတဲ့ Format Type မ်ားကုိ စိတ္ၾကိဳက္ေရြးခ်ယ္၍ ထားႏုိင္သည္။ Basic Course Page l 42 Shwe Hti linn Conditional formatting အသံုးျပဳျခင္း Cell ကြက္မ်ားအတြင္းက စာသား၊ ကိန္းဂဏန္းႏွင့္ ရက္စြဲ အေျခအေနမ်ားကုိ လိုခ်င္သည့္ Format ပံုစံမ်ားအတုိင္း ေရြးခ်ယ္ကာ အေရာင္ျဖင့္ျပေစျခင္း စတာေတြျပဳရာတြင္ သံုးသည္။ Home Styles conditional formatting ကုိ ႏွိပ္၍ Highlight cells rules Greater Than စသည့္ Format ေရြးခ်ယ္၍ ျပဳလုပ္ပါ။ ကိန္းဂဏန္း(သိ႔)ု ရက္စြဲ တစ္ခုထက္ ႀကီးေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ကိန္းဂဏန္း(သိ႔)ု ရက္စြဲ တစ္ခုထက္ ငယ္ေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ကိန္းဂဏန္း(သိ႔)ု ရက္စြဲ ႏွစ္ခုအတြင္းက Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ကိန္းဂဏန္း(သိ႔)ု ရက္စတ ြဲ စ္ခုႏွင့္ ညီေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ စာသားတစ္ခုပါ၀င္ေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ တစ္ရက္၊ တစ္ပတ္စတဲ့ ရက္စအ ြဲ တြင္းက ရက္စြဲ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ႏွစ္ခု ထက္မထက္ေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ထိပ္ဆံုးကိန္းမ်ားကုိ အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ထိပ္ဆံုး ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္းရိွ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ေအာက္ဆံုးကိန္းမ်ားကုိ အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ေအာက္ဆံုး ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္းရိွ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ပွ်မ္းမွ်ကိန္းတစ္ခုထက္ ႀကီးေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ ပွ်မ္းမွ်ကိန္းတစ္ခုထက္ ငယ္ေသာ Cell ကြက္မ်ား အေရာင္ခ်ယ္၍ျပသရန္ Function Description Example + Add = Al + A2 - Subtract = Al-A2 * Multiply =Al* A2 / Divide =Al/A2 Sum Total of values =Sum (Al: A20) Average Average of values =Average (Al: A20) Computer Training Basic Course