The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health
The Dark Side of Social Media: How it Impacts Mental Health
Social media has become ubiquitous in modern society, with an estimated 3.6 billion people using social
media platforms worldwide (Statista, 2021). While social media has many benefits, such as allowing
people to connect with others around the world, share information and experiences, and build social
networks, there are also concerns about the potential negative effects of social media use on mental
health.
Cyber bullying is a significant concern with regards to social media use. Cyber bullying refers to the use
of technology to harass, intimidate, or threaten others. Research has suggested that cyber bullying can
have serious negative effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Hinduja & Patchin,
2018). Cyber bullying can cause anxiety, depression, and even suicide ideation. One study found that
youth who were cyber bullied were almost twice as likely to attempt suicide compared to those who
were not cyber bullied (Hinduja & Patchin, 2010).
Social comparison is another potential negative effect of social media use. Social comparison refers to
the process of comparing oneself to others, which can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low selfesteem. Social media often presents a highly curated and idealized version of people's lives, which can
lead to unrealistic expectations and feelings of inadequacy, particularly among young people who may
be more susceptible to social comparison (Fardouly et al., 2015).
Fear of missing out (FOMO) is another potential negative effect of social media use. FOMO refers to the
anxiety and stress that people can experience when they feel like they are missing out on social events
or experiences. Social media presents a constant stream of information and activity, which can make
some people feel like they are missing out on something important. FOMO can cause anxiety and stress,
and can even lead to negative mental health outcomes such as depression (Przybylski et al., 2013).
Finally, social media use can interfere with sleep, which can have negative effects on mental health. The
blue light emitted by screens on social media platforms can interfere with sleep, and research has
suggested that excessive screen time may be linked to sleep disturbances and other negative health
outcomes (Carter et al., 2016). Lack of sleep can cause fatigue, moodiness, and irritability, which can
lead to negative mental health outcomes.
In summary, while social media has many benefits, it is important to be aware of the potential negative
effects of social media use on mental health. Cyber bullying, social comparison, FOMO, and sleep
disturbances are just some of the potential negative effects of social media use on mental health. By
taking steps to mitigate these negative effects, such as limiting screen time, engaging in self-care
practices, and seeking help if needed, individuals can promote positive mental health outcomes and
fully enjoy the benefits of social media.