Chubut Province
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Chubut
Provincia del Chubut (Spanish)
Talaith Chubut (Welsh)
Province
Province of Chubut
Flag
Coat of arms
Motto(s):
"Ni muerte ni esclavitud. Solo patria y libertad" (Spanish)
"Na marwolaeth na caethwasiaeth. Dim ond mamwlad a
rhyddid" (Welsh)
"Neither death nor slavery. Only motherland and freedom"
Location of Chubut within Argentina
Country
Argentina
Capital
Rawson
Languages
Spanish
Welsh
Departments
15
Municipalities and communes
47
Government
• Governor
Mariano Arcioni (ChuSoTo)
• Vice Governor
Ricardo Sastre (ChuSoTo)
• Legislature
27
• National Deputies
5
• National Senators
Carlos Linares (FDT)
Edith Terenzi (JXC)
Ignacio Torres (JXC)
Area
Ranked 3rd
• Total
224,686 km2 (86,752 sq mi)
Population
(2010[1])
• Total
509,108
• Rank
18th
• Density
2.3/km2 (5.9/sq mi)
Demonym
chubutense
Time zone
UTC−3 (ART)
ISO 3166 code
AR-U
HDI (2019)
0.852 Very High (10th)[2]
Website
www.chubut.gov.ar
Chubut (Spanish: Provincia del Chubut, IPA: [tʃuˈβut]; Welsh: Talaith Chubut) is
a province in southern Argentina, situated between the 42nd parallel south (the border
with Río Negro Province), the 46th parallel south (bordering Santa Cruz Province),
the Andes range to the west, and the Atlantic ocean to the east. The province's name
derives from the Tehuelche word chupat, meaning "transparent," their description of
the Chubut River.
The largest city is Comodoro Rivadavia in the south of the province; it has 180,000
inhabitants. The administrative capital is Rawson (40,000). Other important cities
are Puerto Madryn, Trelew, Esquel and Sarmiento. Gaiman is a cultural
and demographic centre of the region known as "Y Wladfa" in which WelshArgentines are concentrated. Of the 25,000 Welsh speakers in Argentina, [3] 5,000 live in
the Chubut region,[4] particularly in the early Welsh settlements
of Gaiman, Trelew and Trevelin.
Contents
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1History
2Economy
3Geography
o 3.1Relief
o 3.2Climate
 3.2.1Temperature
 3.2.2Humidity and precipitation
 3.2.3Wind and sunshine
4Media
o 4.1Newspapers
o 4.2Online journalism
o 4.3Radio
o 4.4Television
5Tourism
6Transport
7Government
8Political divisions
9Institutions
10Localities
11References
12Further reading
13External links
History[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please
help improve this section by adding citations to
reliable sources. Unsourced material may be
challenged and removed. (March 2017) (Learn
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Argentine Geological Society founder Dr. Victorio Angelelli (2nd from right), ca. 1950, whose study of Chubut's
mineral wealth identified resources for economic development.
Before the Spaniards arrived in the Americas, nomadic indigenous Tehuelche
people had inhabited the Patagonia region for thousands of years.[5] They lived as
hunter-gatherers and covered territory in seasonal cycles as they followed game.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, Spanish missionaries came to the area, and founded the
San José Fort on Península Valdés. The indigenous people later destroyed it.
In 1865, Welsh people came to Chubut on the Mimosa and settled in the Chubut
Valley.[6] The region was disputed between Chile and Argentina until 1881. Chile
renounced its claim in order to prevent Argentina from entering into the War of the
Pacific, in which it was already fighting against Peru and Bolivia.
As part of the Conquista del Desierto (Conquest of the Desert), Argentina organized the
National Territory of Chubut in 1884, after the last indigenous cacique, Inacayal,
surrendered to government forces. Luis Fontana was named governor. At the beginning
of the 20th century, after the Boer War, some Boer people settled in the town
of Sarmiento and in lesser number in other nearby towns.
In 1944, the southern part of Chubut and northern part of Santa Cruz were designated
the Comodoro Rivadavia military zone. The zone was dissolved in 1955, and Chubut
was declared a province. Studies in the 1950s revealed mineral wealth in the province,
which the government has tried to develop.
Population shifts of the late 20th century, especially from Buenos Aires, raised the
population steadily from 190,000 (1970), to 357,000 (1991) and 413,237 (2001). The
government has encouraged people to resettle here. Most of the inhabitants are in the
main cities. They have also settled along the Chubut River. Most areas have
a population density of less than 1 inhabitant per square kilometer.
Economy[edit]
Chubut's economy, for a long time one of the most prosperous in Argentina, is one of
the country's least diversified. Nearly one-quarter of its 2006 output, estimated at
US$4.652 billion (or a per capita income of US$11,256), is generated by mining and
petroleum.[7] This sector's contribution (mostly centered around Comodoro Rivadavia)
helped give Chubut the nation's fourth-highest per capita output in 2011,
US$25,250.[citation needed] Petroleum refining is the main economic activity of the province; it
generates 13% of Argentine oil production (mostly off-shore). On May 21, 2014, Miguel
Galuccio of YPF and Chubut Governor Martin Buzzi announced the first unconventional
oil and gas discovery in Chubut from a fracked well in the Early Cretaceous D-129
formation of the Golfo San Jorge basin.[8] Chubut produces 21% of the nation's fish
catch.
Sheep ranching, though less than half as productive in the 21st century compared to as
recently as 1990, remains important at the local level. The advent of synthetic
replacements to wool after World War II battered the sector. It declined further because
of Argentina's political instability and damage from natural disasters. Wool production
has risen since 2002, however, and totaled 71,000 tons in 2006.[9]
Geography[edit]
Relief[edit]
Chubut stretches from the Atlantic to the Andes with 3 distinct environmental regions:
The Andes, the central plains and the coastal regions.[10] The Andes in the westernmost
parts of the province mostly extend along the Chilean border.[10] The Andes are not that
high in Chubut, with most peaks averaging around 1,500 and 2,000 metres (4,900 and
6,600 ft), which becomes smaller in altitude in the southern parts.[10] The highest peak
is Cerro Dos Picos, located east of Lago Cholila with a height of 2,515 metres
(8,251 ft).[10] The Andes in this province are of tertiary origin and are separated by wide,
deep transverse valleys that are oriented in an east–west direction.[10] These valleys are
occupied by glacial lakes and rivers flowing east from the mountains.[10] Most of these
valleys existed before the Andes were formed.[10] The lakes, which are mostly located in
the western parts of the province are of glacial origin because during the last ice age,
the movement of the glaciers lead to the formation of extensive areas of depressions
that were filled up with water to form the lakes today.[10]
Government House.
Trevelin.
Climate[edit]
See also: Climate of Argentina and Climatic regions of Argentina
Köppen climate map of Chubut, Argentina
Cholila Lake.
Los Altares.
The Andes cause humid winds from the Pacific Ocean to rise so most of the moisture
precipitates on the western side of the Andes, leaving all except the Andean portion of
the province dry.[10][11] In the Andean region, the climate is cold for its latitude owing to the
higher elevations there and the influence of winds from the Pacific Ocean.[10] The peaks
are usually snow covered throughout the year.[10] In this region, precipitation ranges from
700 mm (28 in) to over 2,500 mm (98 in) in some areas.[10][11] The central parts of the
province have an arid climate with hot, sunny summers but cold winters and only
average 200 mm (7.9 in) of precipitation a year.[10] The central parts of the province are
very windy throughout the year.[10] The coast has an arid or semi-arid climate with hot,
but short summers and cold winters.[10] It is the mildest region in the province with the
warmest annual mean temperatures.[10] The coast region's climate is a transition
between the more temperate climates to the north and the colder climates in the
south.[10] Summers tend to be much warmer than Santa Cruz province to the south,
particularly in the summer since subtropical air from the north and a branch of the
warm Brazil Current can reach the province up until 46°.[11][12] Because there is little land
masses in the Southern hemisphere, most of the cold fronts, which usually move in a
west to east direction are moderated as they pass over the Pacific Ocean. [11] As such,
cold temperatures are not as extreme as they are in the northern hemisphere. [11] Similar
to the rest of Patagonia the climate is characterized by strong winds throughout the
year, which also leads to higher evapotranspiration, another factor in the province being
mostly dry.[11]
Temperature[edit]
The town of Esquel.
The western parts of the province are the coldest with an annual mean temperature of
8 °C (46.4 °F) owing to the higher elevations while the coastal areas are the warmest
with an annual mean temperature of 12 to 14 °C (53.6 to 57.2 °F).[10][11] The central parts
of the province have an annual mean temperature of 10 to 12 °C (50.0 to 53.6 °F) since
they have a higher elevation than the coastal areas.[11] During winter, the mean
temperature in the coldest months ranges from 6 to 7 °C (42.8 to 44.6 °F) in the
northern parts of the province to 4 to 7 °C (39.2 to 44.6 °F) in the southern parts.[11] In
the Andes, the mean temperature can be close to 0 °C (32.0 °F).[11] Unlike the northern
hemisphere, most of the cold air masses originate from the Pacific Ocean, which
moderates the cold air and as such, extreme cold temperatures are
rare.[11] Occasionally, cold air masses from Antarctica are not moderated by the ocean,
resulting in very cold temperatures.[11] During summer, the temperature gradient is
greater than in the winter. The northern parts of the province, have a mean temperature
greater than 20 °C (68.0 °F) in the warmest months while in the southern parts, the
mean temperature in the warmest month ranges from 17 to 19 °C (62.6 to 66.2 °F)
owing to the influence of subtropical air from the north.[11] The westernmost parts of the
province are the coolest during the summer, averaging only 14 °C (57.2 °F).[11] The
central parts of the province have the most extreme temperatures which can reach over
40 °C (104.0 °F) during the summer and below −20 °C (−4.0 °F) in the winter.[11] The
lowest temperature recorded in Chubut was −33 °C (−27.4 °F) in Sarmiento.[11]
Humidity and precipitation[edit]
In general, relative humidity values do not vary a lot across the province and the
contrast is not that large.[11] In the coastal areas, the mean relative humidity is about
70% while in the rest of the province, it is around 50%–60%.[11] The exception is in the
higher altitude areas in the Andes in the colder regions where humidity levels are
considerably higher.[11] During the summer months, humidity levels are relatively low.[11]
Because the Andes block most of the moisture from the Pacific Ocean from coming in,
causing it to release most of the precipitation on its western slopes, most of the province
is dry, averaging less than 200 mm (7.9 in) a year.[11] In the central parts of the province,
some areas receive less than 100 mm (3.9 in) of precipitation a year.[11] In the Andean
part, precipitation increases towards the Chilean border and precipitation ranges from
700 mm (28 in) to over 3,000 mm (120 in).[10][11] A Mediterranean like precipitation
pattern, similar to central Chile with dry summers and wet winters is found in the area
between the Andean region to the west and the dry steppes to the east.[11] Although
precipitation can widely vary among the province, in all locations, precipitation is higher
during the winter months.[11] Thunderstorms are rare and occur exclusively during the
summer.[11]
Wind and sunshine[edit]
One defining characteristic of the climate in Chubut province is the strong wind that is
observed throughout the province.[11] The wind is an additional factor that makes most of
the province dry since it favors evaporation of moisture.[11] Most of the wind comes from
either the west, southwest or northwest but in coastal areas during the summer months,
a sea breeze can form when westerly winds are weak, forming easterly winds that can
penetrate up to 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the coast.[11] The mean wind speed is 6
metres per second (20 ft/s) with higher wind speeds being recorded in the south where
the average is more than 9 metres per second (30 ft/s).[11] Higher altitude areas are more
winder than lower altitude areas, resulting in the Andean region being more windier than
the coastal areas.[11] Similar to much of Patagonia, summers tend to be windier than
winters.[11]
Sunshine in the province follows a north–south gradient (decreases from north to
south), particularly during summer where northern parts of the province can receive 10
hours of sunshine/day while southern parts receive 8 hours of sunshine/day. [11] During
winter months, the province receives 4–5 hours of sunshine/day.[11]
Media[edit]
Rada Tilly, on the Atlantic Ocean.
Newspapers[edit]
Print newspapers include:
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Crónica and El Patagónico in Comodoro Rivadavia
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El Oeste in Esquel
El Diario de Madryn in Puerto Madryn
El Chubut and Jornada in Trelew
Y Drafod, Welsh language newspaper since 1891
Online journalism[edit]
Online journalism has a small, growing presence in Chubut. The six print newspapers
have online editions; these are updated every 24 hours. Some new digital proposals
make a better use of web's potential. One case is Infochubut.com, a recent publication
that works with audio, video, text and photographs for its news and offers forums for
public participation. Some radio stations in northwest Chubut began to publish online
some of the interviews made in their radio studies.
Radio[edit]
The most populous cities are served by AM radio stations, such as Chubut Radio and
Three Radio in Trelew, Golfo Nuevo's Radio in Puerto Madryn, National Radio in
Comodoro, Rivadavia and Esquel. There are also several FM radio stations which
broadcast programs from a national central office.
Television[edit]
The provincial government runs a TV network that covers the province. In Trelew,
Comodoro Rivadavia, Esquel, Puerto Madryn and in some small towns there are other
local TV stations producing local programming to supplement the programming received
from the Buenos Aires networks.
Tourism[edit]
Southern right whale in Península Valdés, its preferred sanctuary.
See also: Tourism in Argentina
Tourism is also a growing industry. The main attractions are Peninsula Valdés and other
marine wildlife reservoirs such as Punta Tombo and Punta Ninfas, with right
whales, eared seals, elephant seals, penguins, orcas and many other animals. At the
Punta Tombo site there is one of the largest breeding areas for the Magellanic
penguin.[13]
Further south, on the sparsely populated beaches of the Golfo San Jorge, is the only
place in the world where the peculiar, flightless Chubut steamer duck can be observed.
In the Andean region, the Los Alerces National Park, impressive lakes and hikes near
Esquel are also visited every year by many tourists. The 'Old Patagonian Express' (also
known as La Trochita), the old steam train made famous by Paul Theroux, attracts
many to Esquel, as does the La Hoya ski center. The petrified forest near Sarmiento is
a 150 km² park with some of the largest fossilised trees in the world.
Transport[edit]
The Ruta Nacional 3 runs along the coast line up to Buenos Aires, and down to Tierra
del Fuego. The Ruta Nacional 25 crosses Chubut from East to West,
connecting Trelew and Esquel, but half of it has not yet been paved. Regular long
distance buses run several times a day to Buenos Aires, and to many locations in
the Santa Cruz Province. Short range buses to towns in Chubut run at least once a day.
There are also daily summer buses on the route #25. The Trelew airport (IATA REL)
serves regular flights to/from Buenos Aires and El Calafate. Airports are also maintained
at Comodoro Rivadavia, Rawson and Esquel.
Major highways include:
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Route 2, from Puerto Pirámides and Península Valdés
Route 3, north-south via Trelew and Comodoro
Rivadavia
Route 26, west from Comodoro Rivadavia (223 km)
Route 20, which continues north 178 km to Jose de
San Martín
Route 22, north from Perito Moreno (Santa Cruz
province) 125 km
Route 25, west from Trelew (341 km)
Route 62, which continues west 166 km to join Route
40 at Tecka
Route 40, traveling north 266 km via Esquel to Cabeza
del Indio
Route 30, east 73 km from Route 3 to the coast at
Camarones
Route 259, west from Esquel to Chile.
Four other roads travel west to Chile's Aysén region, including Balmaceda and
Coihaique Alto, and two to Chile's Los Lagos region from Corcovado to Palena and from
Esquel via Trevelin to Futaleufu.
Government[edit]
The provincial government is divided into the usual three branches: the executive,
headed by a popularly elected governor, who appoint the cabinet; the legislative; and
the judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court and completed by several inferior tribunals.
Main articles: Legislature of Chubut and Governor of Chubut Province
The Constitution of Chubut Province forms the formal law of the province.
In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal
Police but the additional work is carried out by the Chubut Provincial Police.
Political divisions[edit]
Departments of the Province of Chubut.
The province is divided into 15 departments (Spanish: departamentos), listed below with
their Number (on map), area and populations at the Censuses of November 2000 and
October 2010:
No. on
Map
Name
Capital
Area
(km2)
Census
2000
Census
2010
Biedma
15
Puerto Madryn
12,940
58,677
82,883
Cushamen
1
Cushamen
16,250
17,134
20,919
Escalante
2
Comodoro
Rivadavia
14,015
143,689
186,583
Florentino
Ameghino
3
Camarones
16,088
1,484
1,627
Futaleufú
4
Esquel
9,435
37,540
43,076
Gaiman
5
Gaiman
11,076
9,612
11,141
Gastre
6
Gastre
16,335
1,508
1,427
No. on
Map
Name
Capital
Area
(km2)
Census
2000
Census
2010
Languiñeo
7
Tecka
15,339
3,017
3,085
Mártires
8
Las Plumas
15,445
977
778
Paso de Indios
9
Paso de Indios
22,300
1,905
1,867
Rawson
10
Rawson
3,922
115,829
131,313
Río Senguer
11
Alto Río Senguer
22,335
6,194
5,979
Sarmiento
12
Sarmiento
14,563
8,724
11,396
Tehuelches
13
José de San Martín
14,750
5,159
5,390
Telsen
14
Telsen
19,893
1,788
1,644
Rawson
224,686
413,237
509,108
Chubut Totals
Institutions[edit]
Chubut is covered by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Comodoro Rivadavia. The
Cathedral, dedicated to San Juan Bosco is in Comodoro Rivadavia.
The university, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, is based in
Comodoro Rivadavia with campuses at Esquel, Trelew and Puerto Madryn, as well as
in Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego.
The Estación de Fotobiología Playa Unión is based in the town of Playa Unión.
Localities[edit]

Astra, Chubut
References[edit]
1.
2.
3.
^ "Censo 2010 Argentina resultados provisionales: mapas".
Archived from the original on 2012-09-01. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
^ "Información para el desarrollo sostenible: Argentina y la
Agenda 2030" (PDF) (in Spanish). United Nations Development
Programme. p. 155. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25
August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
^ "Languages of Argentina" - Ethnologue.com (subscription
required)
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
^ "Wales and the World". wales.com. October 16, 2012.
Archived from the original on 2012-10-16.
^ "Tehuelche". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia
Britannica, inc. 2018.
^ Ellis, John S. (2005). "Chubut". In Kaufman, Will; Slettedahl
Macpherson, Heidi (eds.). Britain and the Americas: Culture,
Politics, and History. Transatlantic Relations. Vol. 1. Santa
Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 218. ISBN 1851094318.
^ "El déficit consolidado de las provincias rondará los $11.500
millones este año" (in Spanish). Instituto Argentino para el
Desarrollo de las Economías Regionales. Retrieved 10
July 2015.
^ "YPF confirmó la presencia de hidrocarburos no
convencionales en Chubut". Archived from the original on 201405-26. Retrieved 2014-05-27.
^ MECON Republica Argentina (2008) Archived October 19,
2013, at the Wayback Machine
^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Annuario Estadístico
Chubut" (PDF) (in Spanish). Dirección General de Estadística y
Censos Chubut. 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
^ Jump up
to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah "Provincia de
Chubut–Clima Y Metéorologia" (in Spanish). Secretaria de
Mineria de la Nacion (Argentina). Archived from the original on
April 17, 2015. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
^ Ocean Circulation and Climate 2013, p. 316.
^ C. Michael Hogan (2008) Magellanic Penguin,
GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg
Further reading[edit]

Ocean Circulation and Climate: A 21st Century Perspective.
Academic Press. 2013. p. 316. ISBN 9780123918536. Retrieved 17
June 2015.

Media related to Chubut Province at Wikimedia
Commons
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Chubut" . Encyclopædia
Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University
Press. p. 322.
External links[edit]
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Coordinates:
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