: 1 2 3 4 1 1 C= 3x108 1 2 ∵ 𝝀𝒎 ∝ 𝟏 𝑻 ∴ 𝝀𝒎𝟏 𝝀𝒎𝟐 = 𝑻𝟐 𝑻𝟏 2 1 2 3 4 λm 2 3 1 2 3 6.625 × 10−34 𝐽. 𝑠 h 𝐸 = ℎ𝜐 4 5 𝐸 = ℎ𝜐 6 𝐸 = 𝑛ℎ𝜐 7 3 1 ← 1 ← 2 1 1 2 3 2 x,y 4 – ← ← 1 KE = 2 m v2 = e V 4 2 𝒗𝒄 3 1 𝐸 = ℎ𝜐 ∴𝐸= ℎ𝐶 𝜆 2 𝐸𝑤 = ℎ𝜐𝑐 5 3 𝒘𝑬 = 𝑬 𝒄𝝊 = 𝝊 𝒄𝝀 = 𝝀 𝒘𝑬 < 𝑬 𝒄𝝊 < 𝝊 𝒄𝝀 > 𝝀 𝒘𝑬 > 𝑬 𝒄𝝊 > 𝝊 𝒄𝝀 < 𝝀 𝑬𝑲 = 𝒘𝑬 𝑬 − 𝟏 𝟐𝒗𝒎 = 𝒄𝝊𝒉 ∴ 𝒉𝝊 − 𝟐 التيار الكهروضوئي التيار الكهروضوئي شدة اإلضاءة شدة اإلضاءة 4 6 1 50% 0.8eV 0.5eV 𝐾𝐸 = 50%𝐸 0.8 − 0.5 = 50%𝐸 𝐸 = 0.6𝑒𝑉 𝐾𝐸 = 𝐸 − 𝐸𝑤 0.5 = 0.6 − 𝐸𝑤 𝐸𝑤 = 0.1𝑒𝑉 𝐸𝑤 = 0.1𝑥1.6𝑥10−19 𝐽 = 1.6𝑥10−20 𝐽 2 𝐸 = 𝐸𝑤 → 1 𝐾𝐸 = ℎ𝑐 −𝐸 𝜆 4 → 2 𝐾𝐸 = 4𝐸 − 𝐸 = 3𝐸 7 X 1 2 2 1 2 PL = m.C 3 X E=h𝛎 8 1 2 C=3x10 3 4 5 𝑬 = 𝒎𝒄𝟐 𝑷𝑳 = 𝒎𝑪 𝑷𝑳 = 𝒉𝝊 𝑪 6 → ∴ 𝑷𝑳 = , 𝑪 = 𝝀𝝊 𝒉𝝊 ×𝑪 𝑪𝟐 →→ ∴ 𝑷𝑳 = →∴ 𝑷𝑳 = 𝒉𝝊 𝝀𝝊 𝒉𝝊 𝑪 →𝝀= 𝒉 𝑷𝑳 ∴ 𝑭 = 𝟐𝒎𝑪. ∅𝑳 ∵𝒎= 𝒉𝝊 𝑪𝟐 →∴𝑭=𝟐 𝒉𝝊 𝒉𝝊∅𝑳 𝑪. ∅ →∴ 𝑭 = 𝟐 𝑳 𝑪𝟐 𝑪 ∵ 𝑷𝒘 = 𝒉𝝊∅𝑳 →∴ 𝑭 = 8 𝟐𝑷𝒘 𝑪 3 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝑾 %20 𝐹= 𝐹= 2𝑃𝑤 𝐶 2 × 0.2 × 200 = 2.67 × 10−7 3 × 108 4 𝟔𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑨° 𝟑𝟗. 𝟔 𝒘 𝟐% 𝑃𝑤 = ℎ 𝜈 𝜙𝐿 𝑃𝑤 = ℎ 𝜈 𝑛 ℎ𝑐𝑛 , 𝑃𝑤 = 𝑡 𝜆𝑡 𝑛= = 𝑃𝑤 𝜆 𝑡 ℎ𝑐 6000 × 10−10 × 39.6 × 1 × 0.02 = 2.4 × 1018 𝑒 6.625 × 10−34 × 3 × 108 5 𝟑𝒆𝑽 𝟎. 𝟗𝒎𝒘 𝟏𝟐𝝁𝑨 …………. 𝑃𝑤 = 𝐸 𝜙𝐿 0.9 × 10−3 𝜙𝐿 = = 3 × 10−4 𝑃ℎ𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛 /𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 = 12 × 10−6 × 100 = 4% 3 × 10−4 9 V 1 1 υ λ 2 2 λ λ 3 3 hυ 𝒎𝒆 = 𝟗. 𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑𝟏 𝒌𝒈 ℎ𝜐 𝑚 = 𝐶2 𝐸 = 𝑚𝐶 2 ℎ𝜐 𝒉 𝐶 𝝀 𝟐𝒆𝑽 𝒗 = √𝒎 8 3 × 10 𝑚/𝑠 𝒆 𝒉 𝝀 = 𝒎𝒗 10 105 2000 λ λ λ 6 𝟔. 𝟔𝒏𝒎 𝜆= 𝑉= ℎ ℎ = 𝑃𝐿 𝑚. 𝑉 ℎ 6.625 × 10−34 = = 11 × 104 𝑚/𝑠 𝑚 . 𝜆 9.1 × 10−31 × 6.6 × 10−9 11 😂 1 2 3 4 5 6 2πr=nλ (E2) 7 ∆E = hυ=E2 –E1 (E2 >E1) ( ) 12 (E1) E α𝒏𝟐 En = ∆E = E (En) ℎ𝑐 𝜆 (J) ev 𝒏𝟐 -E (En+1) ∆E = (hυ) = 𝟏𝟑.𝟔 (En) (E∞ = 0) ∆E = (hυ) = = En+1 - En 𝒉𝒄 𝝀 = E∞ - En = 0 - En (ev) (e) 1 -0.85ev D C -1.51ev B A 1027.5Å -3.4ev B D -13.6ev ΔE = A C hc 6.625 ∗ 10−34 ∗ 3 ∗ 108 = = 1.93 ∗ 10−18 = 12.09ev λ 1027.5 ∗ 10−10 ΔE = −1.51 + 13.6 = 12.09ev C 2 E= hc −13.6ev −13.6ev Emin = E2 − E1 = − λ 4 1 Emin = λmax = E hc 𝑚𝑎𝑥 Emax = E∞ − E1 = 0 − = 10.2ev −13.6ev 1 = 13.6ev hc Emax = λmin = E 𝑚𝑖𝑛 λmax Emax 13.6ev 4 = = = λmin Emin 10.2ev 3 13 3 Å974 n O k N ΔE = n M L hc 13.6 = 2.04 ∗ 10−18 = 12.75ev = 13.6 − 2 λ n 13.6 n2 13.6 n = √0.85 = 4 = 0.85 4 -1.51ev M 1.1 ∗ 10−36 𝑘𝑔 -0.544ev O 1.2 ∗ 10−36 𝑘𝑔 1.5 ∗ 10−36 𝑘𝑔 1.7 ∗ 10−36 𝑘𝑔 ΔE = 0.966ev = mc 2 m= 0.966 ∗ 1.6 ∗ 10−19 = 1.7 × 10−36 kg (3 ∗ 108 )2 14 X – ray 1 2 3 4 15 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 ℎ𝐶 E= KE λ = ∆𝐸 =eV 𝜆= ℎ𝑐 eV 1 2 3 16 1 E = eV ℎ𝑐 𝜆 eV hυ = eV 1 mv2 2 =eV 2 E = V .I .t 3 – ℎ𝑐 λ = ∆𝐸 4 5 17 𝜆2 𝜆1 𝜆3 𝜆2 𝜆3 𝜆2 𝜆1 𝜆3 𝜆2 𝜆3