Rodak's Chapter 16 / Anemias: RBC Morphology and Approach to Diagno
sis
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9jm2bb
1. Pica: Iron deficiency can lead to this symptom, which causes cravings unusual
substances such as ice (pagophagia), cornstarch, or clay
2. Pallor, jaundice, hemorrhage: These features observed in the eyes can be a
sign of hematologic disorders
3. Petechiae: This feature of the skin can be a sign of hematologic disorders
4. Mucosal bleeding: A sign of hematologic disorder observed in the mouth
5. Tachycardia, increased respiratory rate, increased cardiac output, redistribution of blood to essential organs (heart, brain, muscles): Response to acute
or slowly developing anemia?
6. -Increase in erythrocyte 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (which decreases hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen and allows more oxygen release to tissues) and
shifts o2 dissociation curve to right
-increase in erythropoietin production by kidneys (which leads to increased
erythropoiesis): Response to acute or slowly developing anemia?
7. 120 days: Average life span of a red cell in circulation
8. Bone marrow: Where does normal erythropoiesis occur?
9. Erythropoietin; kidneys: Which hormone normally controls erythropoiesis and
where is it produced?
10. Ineffective erythropoiesis: The production of erythroid precursor cells that
are defective and undergo apoptosis in the bone marrow before they can be
released into the bloodstream; causes anemia
11. Apoptosis: Programmed cell death
12. Apoptosis: What happens to defective precursor red cells in the bone marrow?
13. Megaloblastic anemia: Impaired DNA synthesis as a result of vitamin B12/folate deficiency
14. Thalassemia: Deficient globin chain synthesis
15. Sideroblastic anemia: Deficient protoporphyrin synthesis
16. Megaloblastic anemia, thalassemia, and sideroblastic anemia: Three conditions that can cause ineffective erythropoiesis as a mechanism of anemia
17. Insufficient erythropoiesis: A decrease in the number of erythroid precursor
cells in the bone marrow which causes decreased RBC production; causes anemia
18. Renal disease: What is one cause of erythropoietin deficiency?
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Rodak's Chapter 16 / Anemias: RBC Morphology and Approach to Diagno
sis
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9jm2bb
19. Inadequate intake, malabsorption, excessive loss from chronic bleeding: 3 possible causes of iron deficiency
20. Parvovirus B19: What viral infection can cause a loss of erythroid precursor
cells?
21. Aplastic anemia or acquired pure red cell aplasia: Autoimmune reactions
that can cause a loss if erythroid precursor cells (2)
22. Teardrop cells: Red cells that are characteristic of myelophthisic anemia
23. Myelophthisic anemia: Infiltration of the bone marrow space with leukemia
cells or with nonhematopoietic cells (metastatic tumors, granulomas, fibrosis);
cause suppression of erythropoiesis
24. Mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), and mean cell
hemoglobin concentration (MCHC): The three RBC indices
25. MCV: Most important of the RBC indices for detecting the presence of anemia
26. RDW: The coefficient of variation of RBC volume expressed as a percentage
27. Aniscytosis: Variation in RBC diameter
28. Reticulocyte count: This serves as an important tool to assess the bone
marrow's ability to increase RBC production in response to anemia
29. Reticulocytes: Young red cells that lack a nucleus but still contain residual
RNA to complete the production of hemoglobin; normally circulate peripherally for
one day while completing development
30. Newborns-a few weeks of age: 1.5%-6.0% is the normal reticulocyte reference range for this population
31. 0.5-2.5% of total circulating RBCs: Normal reference range for adult reticulocytes
32. MCV: Which of the RBC indices is used to determine the morphological classification of anemia?
33. Microcytic anemia: MCV <80 fL -- which morphological classification of anemia?
34. Hypochromia -- increased red cell central pallor: Microcytosis is involved
with hypochromia or hyperchromia?
35. Iron deficiency: Most common cause of microcytic anemia
36. Macrocytic anemia: MCV >100fL -- which morphological classification of
anemia?
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Rodak's Chapter 16 / Anemias: RBC Morphology and Approach to Diagno
sis
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9jm2bb
37. A high degree of aniscytosis: What does an elevated RDW indicate?
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