FICTION
ELEMENTS,
TECHNIQUES,
LITERARY DEVICES
AND
WHAT IS FICTION?
Fiction refers to literature created from the imagination.
GENRES OF FICTION
Mystery
Thriller and suspense
Science-fiction
Romance
Young adult
Horror
Western
Fantasy
Historical fiction
Magical realism
Speculative fiction
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
1. SETTING
2. CHARACTER
3. PLOT
4. CONFLICT
5. POINT OF VIEW
6. THEME
+50
Environment
Time
Geographical location
Nature
Scene of a story
Temperature
Inside
Scene of a story
Environment
Time
Temperature
Inside
Nature
Geographical location
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
Identify the various elements, techniques, and literary devices in
various modes of fiction.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to
1. define setting;
2. identify the setting in a story; and,
3. create a setting.
Instruction: Below are movie posters. In the next slides, you
will be provided with details. To which film do you think they
belong?
“Pumapasok na nga ang 1975.
Sana'y isang maganda at payapa
kahit di na masaganang bagong
taon. Isang taon ng kaligtasan sa
mga di-pagkakaunawaan, sakit,
aksidente, raids, mass arrest,
encounter, assassination, at mga
pa-traidor ng kamatayan!”
"There will be no foolish wand-waving or silly incantations in this
class. As such, I don't expect many of you to appreciate the subtle
science and exact art that is potion-making. However, for those
select few who possess the predisposition, I can teach you how to
bewitch the mind and ensnare the senses. I can tell you how to
bottle fame, brew glory, and even put a stopper in death. Then
again, maybe some of you have come to Hogwarts in possession
of abilities so formidable that you feel confident enough to not pay
attention!"
“They can’t get him, old sport. He’s a smart man.”
SETTING
It is the time and place of the story.
A setting can be a real time period and
geographical location or a fictional world
and unfamiliar time period.
Setting also includes the physical
landscape, climate, weather, and the
societal and cultural surroundings that
serve as a backdrop for the action.
Setting is revealed through the
exposition of a story.
TYPES OF SETTING
1. Backdrop Setting
A backdrop setting is generic. It could be a story that takes
place in an unnamed small town that is not time-specific.
Example: modern city in modern times
2. Integral Setting
Integral setting is a specific place and time that plays an
important role in the story. An integral setting dictates
other societal elements in a story like language, dress, and
transportation.
Example: Calbayog City in the 1950’s
ELEMENTS OF
SETTING
1. Geographic location
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
2. Physical location
A story must be set in a real-life, mappable
place like a particular city, state, or country, or
it might be set in an imaginary world.
3. Physical environment
4. PORTFOLIO
Time period
5. Social and cultural
environment
DOWNLOAD TOTAL
Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
Examples:
 Brgy. Hamorawon, Calbayog
 London suburb, of Little Whinging,
Surrey
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 Middle Earth
Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
ELEMENTS OF
SETTING
1. Geographic location
PHYSICAL LOCATION
2. Physical location
A character’s immediate surroundings, like a
room or a temple, can be important
information to highlight.
3. Physical environment
4. PORTFOLIO
Time period
5. Social and cultural
environment
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Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
Example:
Harry lives in a cupboard under the stairs in the
house of the Dursleys.
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Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
ELEMENTS OF
SETTING
1. Geographic location
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
2. Physical location
3. Physical environment
A story can be set in the natural world where
characters are affected by weather conditions,
climate, and other forces of nature.
4. PORTFOLIO
Time period
Example: The story could happen during a
storm surge or an earthquake.
5. Social and cultural
environment
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Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
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The houses could be made up of nipa because
Presentations are
the climate is hot.
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
ELEMENTS OF
SETTING
1. Geographic location
TIME PERIOD
2. Physical location
As a writer, it’s necessary to ask, “When does
this story take place?” In literature, time period
can be a historical period but it can also be a
season, a time of day, or time of year.
3. Physical environment
4. PORTFOLIO
Time period
5. Social and cultural
environment
Examples:
Martial Law Era
Midnight
Rush hour
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Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
TOTAL EARNINGS
Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
ELEMENTS OF
SETTING
1. Geographic location
2. Physical location
3. Physical environment
4. PORTFOLIO
Time period
5. Social and cultural
environment
DOWNLOAD TOTAL
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
The location and time period will dictate the
social and cultural environment in a story. If a
short story is set in a high school, there will be
societal norms and trends specific to
teenagers. If a story is set in the late 1960s, it
might be set against the cultural backdrop of
the Vietnam War.
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Presentations are
communication tools that can
be used as demonstrations.
Read THE DIRTY KITCHEN.
Vocabulary:
Hearth – a fireplace
Corrugated sheets – Corrugated roofing sheets feature repetitive folds
on their surface.
Out of wedlock – with the natural parents not legally married to each
other.
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
The following questions will be asked:
1. What is the setting of the story?
2. What are the words that help you identify the setting?
3. Differentiate the main house and the dirty kitchen.
4. How does the character feel about the main house?
5. How does the character feel about the dirty kitchen?
6. How does the setting affect the behavior of the character?
7. What is the message implied in the last paragraph?
8. Based on the setting, what kind of person do you think the
character is?
Ready, SETting, Go!
The class will be grouped into 4. Each group will be assigned the
following places as prompt for the setting that you will create.
1. At Malajog Beach
2. CCNHS Senior High School canteen
3. Calbayog City Public Library
4. Calbayog City Hall
Ready, SETting, Go!
Follow this format:
Genre:
Geographic location:
Physical location (if the given location is not specific
enough):
Physical environment (if applicable):
Year/time period:
Time of day:
Weather:
Societal and cultural environment: