BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING:
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
COURSE MODULE
COURSE UNIT
WEEK
1
1
1
Introduction to Steel Design
CHECKLIST
✓ Read course and unit objectives
✓ Read study guide prior to class attendance
✓ Read required learning resources; refer to
unit terminologies for jargons
✓ Proactively participate in classroom
discussions
✓ Participate in weekly discussion board
✓ Answer and submit course unit tasks
UNIT EXPECTED OUTCOMES
(UEOs)
At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:
Cognitive:
1. Know and identify the different civil engineering structures which uses structural steel.
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
Affective:
1. Associate the different mechanical properties of steel to the overall usability of the steel
section.
2. Relate the various steel grades in the correct selection of the section.
Psychomotor:
1. Participate actively during class discussions and assigned activities
REQUIRED READINGS
Segui, William T., Steel Design, 6th edition, Cengage Learning, 2018
STUDY GUIDE
TYPES OF STEEL BUILDINGS
A. Framed Structure
1. Steel Roof Construction
2.
Open Web Joist
3. Single Bay Rigid Frame
4.
Floor and Roof Diaphragms
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
5. Moment-Resisting Frames
6.
Braced Frames
7. Shear Walls
B. Framework / Skeletal Systems
1. Frameworks of industrial buildings with their internal members such as crane girders,
platforms, etc.
2. Highway and railway large span bridges
3. Multi-storey buildings, halls and domes
4. Towers, poles, structural components of hydraulic works
5. All other trusses and rigidly connected structures
6. Shell Systems
1. Gas tanks for the storage and distribution
2. Tanks and reservoirs for the storage of liquids
3. Bins and bunkers or the storage of loose materials
4. Special structures such as blast furnaces, air heaters, etc.
5. Large diameter pipes
6. All other plate and shell structures
8. these requirements are satisfied, then the design drawings and the construction
specifications are prepared, and the construction phase begins.
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIPS IN STRUCTURAL STEEL
𝑓=
𝑃
𝐴
𝜀=
∆𝐿
𝐿
𝑓 = axial tensile stress
𝑃 = axial load
𝐴 = cross-sectional area
𝜀 = axial strain
∆𝐿 = change in length
𝐿 = length of specimen
Proportional Limit. The largest
stress for which Hooke’s law
applies, or the highest point on
the linear portion of the stress–
strain diagram.
Elastic Limit. The largest stress
that a material can withstand
without being permanently
deformed
Yield Stress. The stress at which
there is a significant increase in
the elongation, or strain, without
a corresponding increase in
stress.
Elastic Strain. The strain that occurs before the yield stress
Plastic Strain. The strain that occurs after the yield stress, with no increase in stress
Strain-hardening. A range in which additional stress is necessary to produce additional strain.
Ductile or Mild Steel. A kind of steel which has the ability to undergo large deformations before
fracturing.
Yield Point. A treated single point where the proportional limit, elastic limit, and the upper and
lower yield points are all very close to one another.
0.2% Offset Method. The method of determining the yield strength by offsetting a strain by
0.002.
Ultimate Tensile Strength. The maximum value of stress that can be attained,
Modulus of Elasticity. The ratio of stress to strain within the elastic range (29,000 ksi).
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL STEELS
ASTM Designation (NSCP 2015, Sec 503.3.1.1)
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
EXERCISES
1. A 20-foot-long W8 × 67 is suspended from one end. If the modulus of elasticity is 29,000
ksi, determine the following.
a. What is the maximum tensile stress?
b. What is the maximum normal strain?
2. During a tensile test of a specimen of unknown material, an increase in length of 6.792 ×
10–3 inches within the gage length was recorded at a load of 5000 lb. The specimen
diameter was 0.5 inch, and the gage length was 8 inches. (The gage length is the distance
between two marks placed along the length of the specimen.)
a. Based on this one data point, what is the modulus of elasticity?
b. If the maximum load reached before fracture was 14,700 lb, what is the ultimate tensile
stress?
3. A tensile test was conducted on a specimen
with a diameter of 0.5 inch. A strain gage was
bonded to the specimen so that the strain could
be obtained directly. The following data were
obtained:
a. Create a table of stress and strain values.
b. Plot these data points and draw a best-fit
straight line through them.
c. What is the slope of this line? What does
this value represent?
Load (lb)
Strain (micro in./in.)
2,000
47
2,500
220
3,000
500
3,500
950
4,000
1,111
4,500
1,200
5,000
1,702
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
TERMINOLOGIES
Special moment-resisting frames are detailed to ensure ductile behavior of the beam-tocolumn joints and are normally used in zones of higher seismicity.
FURTHER READINGS
•
McCormack, Jack C., Csernak, Stephen F., Structural Steel Design, 5th edition, Prentice Hall,
2012
UNIT TASK
1. Using the manual (AISC), find
a. The differences between W-, M-, S-, and HP-shapes
b. The uses of each of these shapes
2. Using the manual, find the meaning of
a. W16 × 100
b. WT8 × 50
c. 2MC13 × 50
d. HSS8.625 × 0.625
e. 2L4 × 3 × ½ LLBB
f. Pipe 6 xx-Strong
g. HSS6 × 4 × ½
3. Define the following
a. Beams
b. Columns
c. Beam-columns
d. Loads
e. Dead load
f. Live load
4. Differentiate Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) and Allowable Stress Design
(ASD)
5. Discuss in brief the context and coverage of the following design specifications:
a. AISC
b. AASHTO
c. AREMA
d. AISI
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN
REFERENCES
American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), Manual of Steel Construction, latest edition.
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP), National Structural Code for
Buildings and Other Vertical Structures (NSCP), 7th edition, 2015
McCormack, Jack C., Csernak, Stephen F., Structural Steel Design, 5th edition, Prentice Hall,
2012
Segui, William T., Steel Design, 6th edition, Cengage Learning, 2018
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Gil S. Beltran, MSCE, MP
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL & TIMBER DESIGN