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Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula)
Stem
Up to 3 ft. tall; branched; base of plant often woody; entire
plant contains milky white sap
Leaves
Mostly alternate, strap-like (linear), 1-2 in. long, 0.2 in. wide and
lack hair (glabrous); NO leaf stem (petiole); smooth edges
(margins)
Flower
Small, showy, green to yellow and clustered at tips of stems;
bracts below flowers are heart- to kidney-shaped and have the
appearance of flower petals
Produces a spherical capsule with 3 chambers, each
containing one seed
Category B Weed
Weed Category Descriptions
Spurge family
(Euphorbiaceae)
Weed Family List
Root
Creeping, deep root system; new shoots arise from pinkish
Helpful Links
buds
Glossary of Terms
Other
List of all Photo Credits
Grows well across a wide range of sites; often found in
pastures, waste areas, rangelands, field borders and along
Photo Credit List
waterways; known to occur in Churchill, Douglas, Elko, Eureka,
Humboldt, Lander and White Pine counties
Perennial; reproduces by seed and roots; sap can irritate skin, eyes and the digestive tracts of humans and
animals; sheep and goats are immune
Control
Several biological control agents are available
Mechanical control (mowing, burning, tillage and grazing) can reduce seed production but are often NOT
effective due to new shoot growth from root buds
Apply dicamba, 2,4-D or glyphosate to actively growing plants through early bloom; picloram throughout
the growing season; imazapic in fall after a killing frost but before loss of milky sap
Mature plant
Flower
Infestation
Milky sap
Seed capsules
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