Ecology Test Study Guide
1) What is CFC’s?
It is the thinning of the ozone layer.
2) What happens when bacteria fix nitrogen?
It converts it to NH3.
3)What happened in 1900- 2000?
The human population have grown the most during the
1900-2000.
4)What are the plant defenses against herbivory?
1) Thorns
2) Secondary Compounds
3) Though leaves
5) What is Lichen?
It is a symbiotic relationship between an
autotroph and a fungus.
6)What is happening to the number of species on
Earth?
These species are decreasing rapidly.
7)How do decomposers benefit an ecosystem?
The decomposers benefit the ecosystem by returning
the nutrients to the soil.
8)What is true about tropical rain forest?
1) They are found near the equator.
2) They have the highest species richness of any
biome.
3) They are rapidly disappearing.
9) Which are not examples of mimicry?
1) venom in rattlesnakes.
2) bright collaboration to attract pollinators
3) colored rings on a poisonous snake
10) What are examples of a predator’s adaptation for
finding prey?
1) spider webs that trap flying insects
2) heat sensitive pits of rattlesnakes that detect
warm-bodied prey.
3) stripes on the coat of a tiger that blend with the
grassland habitat of small animals.
11) What are examples of endoparasites?
malaria parasites and tapeworms
12)What are producers?
Produces are organisms that obtain energy by making
their own organic molecules.
13) Where does primary succession happen?
on bare rock
14) Why are trees unusual in the tundra?
permafrost prevents root growth.
15) What are temperate, deciduous forests
characterized by?
The presence of trees that lose their leaves during the
winter
16) Where are producers found?
This type of organism is found on the lowest tier of a
trophic pyramid.
17)What happens in the process of ecological
succession?
organisms change the environment so that it can support
the growth of other species.
18) What are the characteristics of Pioneer species?
a) disperse seeds over a large area
b) are usually fast -growing
c) are usually smaller plants
19) How do food chains differ from food webs in those
food chains?
It depicts only one line of energy transfer, food webs
depict many interrelated food chains.
20)What are all biotic factors in a particular
ecosystem?
Community
21)What are all members of one species within a
community?
Population
22)What is a particular area in the biosphere that
includes biotic & abiotic?
Ecosystem
23)What is the physical area in which an organism lives?
Habitat
24) What is the role of species in an ecosystem?
Niche
25) Raccoon and Human are examples of ___________.
Generalist
26)Panda and Koala are examples of ____________.
Specialist
27) Do predator and prey interactions cause coevolution of
both predator and prey to occur?
Yes, the predator and prey interaction cause coevolution
of both predator and prey to occur.
28) Is the fundamental niche of a species always larger
than the realized niche?
Yes, the fundamental niche of a species is always larger
than the realized niche.
29) What are the main processes that contribute to the
carbon cycle?
Photosynthesis and Respiration
30)What techniques are used by ecologists to estimate
the population size?
Mark and recapture and random sampling
31)What increased the atmospheric levels of carbon
dioxide?
The combustion of fossil fuels
32)How many humans are currently living on Earth?
Over seven billion humans are currently living on Earth.
33)What is Ecology?
Ecology is the study of the relationships between
organisms and their environment.
34) What are examples of omnivores?
Humans and grizzly bears
35) What is a major contributor to skin cancer?
Ultraviolet radiation from the sun
36) What happens during mutualism?
During mutualism both species benefit
37)What happens during parasitism?
During parasitism the parasite feeds off the host but does
not immediately kill the host.
38) What does herbivore eat?
Herbivore only eats producers.
39) What does a predator do?
A predator actively hunts, kills and consumes another
animal.
40) What is commensalism?
Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship where one
species is not affected.
41) What is an example of a herbivore?
Caterpillar
42) What is an example of mutualism?
Lichen
43)What is an example of parasitism?
Deer Tick
44)What is an example of a predator?
Great White Shark
45)What are the differences between the tundra and
taiga biomes?
The tundra has small, slow- growing plants with root
systems limited by a layer of permafrost, while the taiga
has trees adapted to cold temperatures.
46) What are ectoparasites?
These are parasites that live on the outside of its host. For
example a flea.
47) What are the possible outcomes of competition?
1) species A competitively excludes species B;
2) species B competitively excludes species A;
3) either species wins based on population densities;
4) coexistence occurs.
48)What are the causes of global warming?
1) Generating power.
2) Generating electricity and heat by burning fossil fuels
causes a large chunk of global emissions.
3) Manufacturing goods.
4) Cutting down forests.
5) Using transportation.
6) Producing food.
7) Powering buildings.
8) Consuming too much
49 What competition is the most intense ?
Competition is the most intense between closely related
species that use the same resources.
50) What causes the greenhouse effect?
The greenhouse effect is a process that happens when
gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. As a
result the Earth is much warmer than it would be without
an atmosphere. It makes our planet a comfortable place
to live.