Karmayogi Polytechnic College, Shelve Department of Computer Technology Micro-Project Report Data Communication & Computer Network’s Subject Code: 22414 “ ” Guided by Ms.Kulkarni.V.J. Presented By: Kalubarme Karan Digambar During Academic Year 2021-22 1 Group No: Project Title: 10 Design of Network for any IT company. Projects Details: A fully functional network is a key component in a modern company today. Different companies, from the smallest local one to the multinational group of companies, use different network solutions to make their daily businesses go around. Web-pages, email, Ip-telephony and wireless communications for remote users are essential tools required for more and more companies. To create stable networks, on which the companies can rely on, professional network consultants are often hired. The network consultants’ job is to design and implement a network infrastructure that is well suited to their client. The consultants always need to have in mind what the company stands for and know their technical requirements, but also know what budget he can use for creating solutions. This project is built on the importance of a computer network for the modern company. I have been a consultant for two simulated companies, Plastic Fantastic and Cashflow. These two companies need help with setting up an entire new computer network. My job is to create the most suiting proposal to each company, based on their needs and requirements. Because lack of a well-designed and secure network can be a major obstacle to a company's growth, or even survival. So, a network design of a company is necessary after within few days or years. In this paper we will see the computer network of a company in the post era of its starting. We will first observe the procedure of picking up some information of that company. After then we will map a network topology of a company using yEd software in a simplistic way. 2 What is a computer network? A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computers and other related equipment like printers, switches, access points, routers, and network storage devices connected together using physical wires and cables or by wireless means. The connection between these computers and the related equipment facilitates the flow and exchange of data between them. A simple network may consist of a small number of computers, printers, and networked disks connected together to serve the computing requirements of a small office. Data entered by a particular user in one computer can be stored centrally in the networked disk and can then be shared with other users on different computers within the same network or be sent to the printer for printing. You can think of the network as a highway system. The highway system connects many different locations and towns through smaller roads, which eventually connect to the highway system. Similarly, a network connects computers and other equipment either using cables and wires or through wireless means. Just like the highway system, a network has to be designed carefully to ensure that it's efficient and congestion free. The network diagram appearing here will be used for this lesson. The diagram has all the common network components and how they are connected together. Routers, switches, access points, firewalls, computers, servers, smartphones, printers, and network storage devices are shown. Design Considerations for a Network. The first thing to be considered is understanding the requirements of the network. The network requirements of a small office linking together ten computers and related equipment are different from that of a large airline ticketing reservation system spanning across the world. The main factors to be considered are: • • • The purpose of the network - exchange of information and data between computers, applications and database hosting, voice and messaging services The size of the network - number of users, area of coverage, location of the users, hardware, etc. The amount of data being transferred and exchanged 3 • • The security of the data Other important factors to be considered - connectivity requirements (whether wired, wireless or combination), the type of cabling, the type of computers and equipment to be used and their locations, the software and operating systems to be used. The approach used is similar to that of designing a highway system: the purpose and connected locations have to be identified, the total distance estimated, the amount of traffic and size of paths estimated, and the traffic management system explored. Let's explore further in the following sections. Multiple Local Area Networks Can be Connected to Form a Wide Area Network 4 PROCEDURE: Before designing a network choosing a simplistic way is the best design practice. For which a clear idea will be appeared about that network. And the design should be so simple so that every even IT (information technology) staff. member can easily understand in any time. Also, it should be reminded that in the time of taking data every other thing will run well or it must be cautious that for this another work of company will not be hampered. Now we will see and describe some step of designing the map by a flow chart. Note down all types of networks related device Numbering the cable at two ends source and destination end Put this number, source host name, destination host name in Microsoft excel file Run this file with yEd software 5 We will describe this process because it is more simple way and consumes very low time in designing. This process is called “cable numbering design” A network engineer of that company can easily motivate the IT staff member can be easily motivate to do that work. Now we will describe briefly all the Step. A) Note Down of Networking Device At first step of designing, it will be fruitful to note down the name of all computer network related device. It should be like switch, router, access point, attendance machine, printer, and computer. B) Numbering the Two End of Cable After taking all device names a clear idea on different types of devices in a network is obtained. We know that every device in a computer network is connected by STP (shielded twisted pair), UTP (unshielded twisted pair), FTP (foiled twisted pair) cable etc. where each cable has two ends. In one end the device is connected and in another end with which the device is connected. So, the easier way is giving an integer number at the two ends of the connected cable. This procedure has an over advantage like if there is problem in a network an IT staff can easily find out in which edge the problem is occurred by following or checking the number. Fig shows this process. Fig. Cable numbering process between a switch and computer at two ends. 6 C) Arrange Data in Excel File After then all data should be stored in a excel file. Because the data can be lost anyway. So, it will be an intelligent work to store data in computer and in written paper. The data must be contained with source host name, destination host name and cable number. This is like only three columns in excel file. D) Run the Data by yEd Software When arranging the data in excel file is finished now the graph editor software can be used. The excel file can be opened with this software. IMPLEMENTATION: At first the device name should be noted down by a list. The list can contain like router, switch, access point, computer, printer etc. Then before numbering the cable no one can find which end is defective if any user faces a problem. So, cable should be numbered in two ends. The Fig.3 shows the cable a) without numbering and b) after numbering with a network related device. A) before numbering the connected cable 7 B) after numbering the connected cable. Fig. computer network related device (practical device) a) before numbering the connected cable. b) after numbering the connected cable. After giving all number of the connected cable we have arranged the data in a Microsoft excel file. The data should be arranged in such a way so that yEd design software can incorporate the data of excel file. So, data must be well arranged. We have used here three columns i) for source host ii) connected cable number and iii) for destination host. 8 Fig. Data arranged in Microsoft excel file. After then the file is opened with the yEd software. The process of giving input in yEd software is described here. At first the excel file is opened with yEd software. Then a window is appeared like in Fig At first input is given to “data” which is left most position of this window. 9 Fig.The first window appeared after Microsoft excel file opened by yEd software. Then data range under “edge list” option is filling up by selecting the all three column and it is shown in Fig. 10 Fig. The all three-column selection process for giving input in “data range”. Then after selecting all column and by clicking on the right side of adopt button in front of data range portion, the input of data range is given. 11 Fig. Filling up the input in “data range”. The “column of source IDs” and “column of target IDs” input is filling up by selecting only selecting the source host and destination host column. The Fig shows the all three input is given under “edge list” portion. 12 Fig. Filling up the input in “column of source IDs” and “column of target IDs” under edge list portion. Again, node list is fill up only giving by data range and “Columns of node IDs” which denotes only the cable number. Another input is given to “presentation” which is in right side of left most position of data window. After then presentation fill up by choice of designer. It depends on “what pattern he/she wants to represent it?” The Fig. shows the final design of computer network in a company. 13 Fig. The final design after choosing zooms out. Now if we zoom in one portion like middle portion of Fig, we will get a portion of that designed network that is shown in Fig.We can also see the whole network by zoom in. Because of limited space the overall is not given. 14 Fig. A single portion of that network. After analyzing and integrating all department of a company we can get a complete figure as given below in Fig. 15 Fig. The complete network design of a company. From the Fig we can research and analysis of the network map. We can analysis like throughput of network, delay faced by a packet. And then we can also find a better solution for higher accessible of the internet or network to users. 16 Advantages of computer networks • • • • File sharing - you can easily share data between different users, or access it remotely if you keep it on other connected devices. Resource sharing - using network-connected peripheral devices like printers, scanners and copiers, or sharing software between multiple users, saves money. Sharing a single internet connection - it is cost-efficient and can help protect your systems if you properly secure the network. Increasing storage capacity - you can access files and multimedia, such as images and music, which you store remotely on other machines or networkattached storage devices. Disadvantages of computer networks • • • • • Lack of robustness. Spread of computer virus. Implementation issues. Lack of productivity. Health issues. 17 CONCLUSION: In this paper we have learnt about a simple method of designing of a company after its establishment. We have also known how to arrange and how to design the network using a yEd software. This method can easily map any types of computer network although if it is very large or small. A simple designing method which if it cost and time effective has a great importance to all the members and owner of the company. And this type of simplistic method which is discussed in this paper. a network is two or more computers connected together using a telecommunication system for the purpose of communicating and sharing resources. Without having a network, Companies would not be able to share resources and increase productivity more effectively. This provided the company to have meetings overseas by video conferencing and sharing data over the network. As you can see, Networks have many benefits to the end user. Weather your Network is Wired or Wireless, Networks arena important part of technology. Name and Sign of Faculty (Ms.Kulkarni.V.J.) HOD 18