ENGL 102 Fall 2021 Final Exam PART 1 Questions Name & Surname: ABEID SAID ABEID Student Number: 2491520 Section: 2 General Instructions: Answer the questions below according to the text titled “Ethical Concerns Mount as AI Takes Bigger Decision-making Role in More Industries”. Then, save this document and upload it to the Turnitin assignment titled ENGL 102 Fall 2021 Final Exam PART 1. PART A Skimming ( 2 pts each, 4 pts total) The text is made up of three sections titled “Great Promises”, “Deceptive Objectivity” and “Chain the Beast! But How?”. Explain in your own words what these titles mean and why they were given to these sections by referring to the text. Explain each one in one or two sentences. The first one was given as an example below: Title: “Great Promises” Your answer (sample): This section argues that AI has the potential to make great improvements in many areas and therefore it holds “great promises” as the title puts it. 1. Title: “Deceptive Objectivity” Your answer: This section argues that most of the capabilities of AI that have been addressed are just illusions that have been put forward in a biased manner to make AI seem flawless. 2. Title: “Chain the Beast! But How?” Your answer: This section suggests that AI needs to be controlled due to its power and expected ubiquity but they are not sure on how to do that as the title puts across. ENGL 102 Fall 2021 Final Exam PART 1 Questions PART B Scanning (2.5 pts total) Instruction: Answer the following questions according to the text. Do NOT include any extra/irrelevant information. 1. What enabled AI's use for more complex and challenging tasks? (0.5 pts) Your answer: More powerful computers and the compilation of huge data sets. 2. The text cites some scholars/authorities regarding the use of AI. Indicate whether they are optimistic or pessimistic about the use of AI by writing “Optimistic” or “Pessimistic” next to their names. (0.5 pts each) Karen Mills: Optimistic Michael Sandel: Pessimistic Joseph Fuller: Optimistic 3. Who would be the most likely victim(s) if AI took over a decision-making role in industries such as banking? (0.5 pts) Your answer: The lower classes of consumers. PART C Careful Reading ( 1.5 pts each, 7.5 pts total) Instruction: Answer the following questions according to the text and in your own words. Do NOT include any extra/irrelevant information. Do NOT write more than 2 sentences. 1. Which industry does AI help by speeding up the production process? Explain how/why in one or two sentences. ENGL 102 Fall 2021 Final Exam PART 1 Questions Your answer: The pharmaceuticals industry. AI has assisted the industry by reducing the time in the price trial and error of product development. 2. Explain what a “hybrid job” is in one or two sentences. Your answer: A hybrid job is a kind of a job where one works in an environment where he/she would be more productable. It could be a different environment maybe at home or maybe just a different role in that same job. 3. According to Michael Sandel, AI cannot "overcome human subjectivity"? Explain why in one or two sentences. Your answer: Michael Sandel believes that AI cannot overcome human subjectivity as he later presents that most of the AI that decide who should be presented with a certain opportunity already are embedded with the biases and opinions of the one who programmed them and those that already exist in our society. 4. Given the lack of regulations on the matter (AI), how do companies regulate their AIrelated operations at present? Explain in one or two sentences. Your answer: Companies have resorted to education. They are planning on educating their students at higher level so as they can ensure that in the future technology serves human purposes rather than undermining a decent civic life 5. What does the writer imply about Facebook in paragraph 12? Explain in one or two sentences. Your answer: The writer implies that Facebook is among one on those big tech companies which are neither engaging in regulating AI by themselves nor are they subjected to the governmental regulations as they also most probably have the governments support. PART D Critical Reading ( 2 pts each, 6 pts total) Instruction: Answer the following questions in your own words. 1. “Some believe that part of the appeal of algorithmic decision-making is it seems to offer an objective way of overcoming human subjectivity, bias, and prejudice.” Read the quote (above) from the text. Explain and exemplify how AI can overcome human subjectivity, bias, and prejudice in two or three sentences. ENGL 102 Fall 2021 Final Exam PART 1 Questions Your answer: AI can assist in overcoming human subjectivity, bias and prejudice in that it can be programmed to strictly to treat the opinions of each and everyone regardless of their status. AI may also take strict actions against any sort of prejudice for example they can make sure anyone controlling AI has legal binding paperwork and is educated at the highest level on that matter. 2. “...there’s little consensus on how that (AI regulation) should be done and who should make the rules.” Read the quote (above) from the text. Explain why there is “little consensus” on how AI regulation should be done in two or three sentences. Your answer: There is seen to be little consensus on how AI regulation should be carried out as firstly the government itself is said to be not highly equipped with what is necessary to counter the seriousness of AI. The other factor is that the big tech companies that should have it within themselves to regulate themselves do not do so and neither do they abide to the governmental regulations and also the fact that most companies using AI lack legal documentations have all just contributed to the little agreement of how to deal with AI. 3. “...requiring every new product using AI to be prescreened for potential social harms is massively impractical for several reasons.” Read the quote (above) from the text. What could be one reason that makes it “massively impractical” to prescreen every new product with AI? Explain in two or three sentences. Your answer: This seems to be reasonable argument as it is going to be extremely difficult even with large lumps of money from the government since firstly anyone can just release an app that uses AI, and of recently even university students have been coming up with applications that uses AI just for the fun of it. This shows just how difficult and massively impractical prescreening every new product using AI can be.
