Exam 3 Prototypes
Ch 40: Cardiac Glycosides, Antianginals, and Antidysrhythmics
 Digoxin
o For heart failure
o Can cause Hypokalemia
o As well as blurred/yellow vision
o Seeing Halo=digoxin toxicity
 Nitroglycerin
o Sublingual: Fastest route; Make sure to not swallow; completely dissolve under
tongue
o Can cause orthostatic hypotension.
Chapter 41: Diuretics
 Hydrochlorothiazide
o Can cause Hypokalemia and orthostatic hypotension.
 Furosemide
o Can cause Hypokalemia.
o Administer slowly or may cause hearing loss.
 Spironolactone
o Potassium Sparing
o Can cause Hyperkalemia.
Chapter 42: Antihypertensives
 Metoprolol
o Can cause Orthostatic hypotension.
 Prazosin Hydrochloride
o Alpha-adrenergic blockers
o Can cause pseudo-parkinsonism
 Valsartan
o ARBs
o Adverse Effects: hyperkalemia, hyperglycemia
 Amlodipine
o Calcium Channel blocker
o Adverse effects: Pharyngitis, rhinitis
Chapter 44: Antihyperlipidemics and Drugs to Improve Peripheral Blood Flow
 Atorvastatin
o Adverse Effect: Rhabdomyolysis
o Taper down as abrupt discontinuation may cause rebound effect
Chapter 43: Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets, and Thrombolytics
 Warfarin Sodium
o Antidote: Protamine Sulfate
 Heparin
o Antidote: Vitamin K


Clopidogrel Bisulfate (Plavix)
Alteplase
STOP 1 WEEK BEFORE SURGERY

Know about Lovenox and Low-Molecular Weight Heparins (ARE NOT PROTOYPES)
o Used so that lab test are not required
Chapter 38: Upper Respiratory Disorders
 Diphenhydramine
o Contraindication: Glaucoma, urinary retention
 Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
o Drink lots of fluids
Chapter 39: Lower Respiratory Disorders
 Albuterol
o For rapid use/rescue drug
o For acute bronchospasm, asthma
 Tiotropium
o Anticholinergic
o Can cause peripheral edema, pharyngitis, arthralgia
 Montelukast
o Can affect liver enzymes==Bleeding
Chapter 45: Gastrointestinal Tract Disorder
 Promethazine Hydrochloride
o Side effects: Extra Parkinson symptoms (EPS), mild anticholinergic symptoms
 Diphenoxylate with Atropine
o Contraindicated with glaucoma
o Can cause arthralgia and black stools
 Bisacodyl
o Laxative
o Monitor electrolyte
 Psyllium
o Hydrate: insufficient fluids may cause intestinal obstruction
Chapter 46: Antiulcer Drugs
 Aluminum Hydroxide
 Famotidine
 Pantoprazole
 Sucralfate
Chapter 24: Anti-inflammatories
 Aspirin
o Stop a week before surgery



Ibuprofen
Celecoxib
Febuxostat
Chapter 25: Analgesics
 Acetaminophen
 Morphine Sulfate
 Nalbuphine