Alternative Energy Sources – Overview
Human civilization has started realizing how much harm they have already caused to the environment; and when it
comes to take a stand against these environmental problems, the focus shifts to the use of alternative energy sources.
Have you ever wondered what Alternative Energy Sources are? and why are they supposed to help us sustain?
Alternative sources of energy are the ones which do not cause any undesirable consequences to the environment,
are renewable and are free!
Alternative energy sources can be implemented for houses, for cars, factories and any other facility you can imagine.
Scientists around the world are researching on developing and discovering new Alternative Energy Sources so that
the growing energy needs of human population can be met more easily, safely and efficiently. Here is a list
of Alternative Energy Sources which will help us maintain the balance of nature without causing it much harm as
compared to the conventional energy sources.
Commonly known alternative energy sources
Hydroelectric Energy
The potential energy stored in the water held in dams by is made to drive a water turbine and generator which in turn
produces electric power. This form of energy generation is called hydroelectric power. Out of all the alternative
energy sources, this one has been most commonly adopted in the current time.
Advantages of hydroelectric power generation
– The source of hydroelectric power generation i.e., water is free of cost.
– Dams can provide virtually continuous electricity generation.
– The water used for power generation can be put to use again.
– There is no chemical process involved in the power production process, therefore, the power generated is clean
and does not harm the environment.
Solar Energy
This is the energy which the earth receives from the Sun. This is one of the most promising alternative energy
sources, which will be available to the mankind for centuries to come. The only challenge remains to tap the solar
energy in the most efficient way. The solar power generation is done by using a series of photovoltaic cells where the
solar rays are converted into electricity. Apart from electricity production solar energy is also being used for heating
water, cooking food etc.
Advantages of solar energy
– The source of energy is absolutely ‘free’.
– Solar power which is generated in the day time can be stored to be made available in the night time as well.
– Solar power generators can be used to generate power in rural and remote areas where there is no reach of the
conventional form of energy.
– Solar power generation is quite and absolutely clean.
– Solar energy is a renewable form of energy will not deplete until thousands of years.
Solar Energy has increasingly been gaining popularity and support from people and
governments from all over the world during the past couple of decades. It is said to be
the best way forward due to many reasons.
Top Disadvantages of Solar Energy
Clean Energy
Fossil fuels, which are at the moment the main source of the world’s energy, release
toxic chemical compounds such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and other
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This is one of the main causes of climate
change. Mining for fossil fuels cause the destruction of forests and the pollution of our
environment. Additionally, there have been numerous cases of oil pipelines leaking into
streams, rivers, seas, and soil over the years. These pipeline leakages have corroded
our soil and led to the poisoning of ground water affecting the planet’s flora, fauna,
marine life, and humans on a large scale.
However, solar power is an alternate source of clean and renewable energy. It neither
pollutes the environment nor destroys forest cover.
Renewable
Solar energy which converts the sun’s light and heat into electricity, is renewable and
inexhaustible until the death of our sun, which would take around 5 billion years. Solar
panels are fitted with photo voltaic cells that convert the ever abundant sun’s rays into
electrons, and turn it into electricity.
It’s Free
Since the sun does not belong to any government, corporation or person, it has not yet
been taxed. This means that once solar panels are fitted, the energy harnessed is
absolutely free.
Low Maintenance
Once solar lights are installed, it does not cost much to maintain them. Good quality
solar lights last for decades without the need to service or maintain them.
Multiple Uses
Solar Energy is generally associated with lighting up houses, streets, communities,
villages, towns and so on. However, solar energy is not restricted to this. There are
multiple other uses such as heating water at home, keeping houses warm, powering
vehicles, powering airplanes, cooking, powering calculators, watches, clocks and many
more.
Conserves Wildlife
Fossil fuels destroy our planet’s eco system and forests, leaving tens of thousands of
species of birds, animals and insects homeless. Due to this many of our planet’s
species face mass extinction. There are so many species that have been eradicated
from the face of the Earth while thousands of others are on the verge of extinction. We
can take solace in the fact that this form of renewable energy does not cause any
damage to our planet, thus allowing the world’s ecosystems to thrive.
Saves Water
Water is an ingredient that is used to generate electricity. There is however, a shortage
of fresh water throughout the world. The use of solar energy does not require the use of
water. Since the energy from the sun is plentiful, solar energy indirectly helps in the
conservation of water.
Though there are seemingly loads of advantages when it comes to generating electricity
through solar energy, there are a few disadvantages as well.
Top Disadvantages of Solar Energy
Solar Energy is Initially Expensive
The cost of setting up a solar power plant is high. This is due to the demand and supply
curve. As the demand for solar energy increases, the cost would also decrease in time.
However, since the energy generated after installation is absolutely free, in the long run,
it works out to be the most inexpensive option for power generation.
Sunlight Availability
Though there is no shortage of sunlight on our planet, there are places in where the
sun’s rays barely reach the surface. It is also possible that more than one solar panel
may be required to light up a house depending on the amount of sunlight available.
Some parts of the world are too cloudy, shady or windy to effectively generate solar
energy and light, which reduces the effectiveness of solar energy.
Solar Energy is not always Reliable
Solar energy is very dependable. However, not all solar panels work at night. If the solar
panels are not charged enough during the day, the efficiency is reduced. It would then
not be reliable enough to provide a good amount of power to sustain an entire
household or village.
Installation Requires Space
Installing solar panels at home or in corporate and IT parks requires a good deal of
empty land that is exposed to the sun. Due to this factor, not too many companies or
houses have installed solar panels.
Inefficiency
Most solar panels are not 100% efficient. This means that even though a good amount
of electricity is generated using solar energy, about 60% of energy ends up being
wasted, while only 40% is actually utilized. To counter this, one has to conduct proper
research and make sure that the solar panel being used is set up right and manages to
harness most of the sun’s rays in order to produce a good amount of electricity and
increase its efficiency.
Though solar energy has its disadvantages, it is negligible when compared to energy
produced due to fossil fuels.
Solar panels are a great way to produce clean energy at home! |
Photo courtesy of Stefano Paltera, U.S. Department of Energy.
My brother just bought a farm. Well, not so much a farm as 40
glorious acres of potential just outside of Winter Park, Colorado.
Now that the land is purchased, you'd think it would be easy enough
to start working away, but lots of questions arise when you're
building a home and starting from scratch. One thing they know for
sure is their desire to build a zero-energy facility. This means that
the greenhouse, stables, and home will produce as much energy as
they use.
In sunny Colorado, one top clean energy producer will be a solar
electric system they plan to install. And, of course, being the sister I
am, I was happy to help them research the process. Fortunately,
Energy Saver has tons of information about installing and
using solar energy at home.
Photovoltaic Cells
First, it is important to understand how solar energy is harnessed.
Photovoltaic (PV) cells, or solar cells, come in many different shapes
and sizes and are made of electricity-producing materials. When
sunlight shines on a PV cell, the absorbed light generates electricity.
Because PV technologies use both direct and scattered sunlight to
create electricity, the solar resource across the United States is
ample for home solar electric systems. The Energy 101: Solar PV
video does a great job of explaining how a PV system can generate
clean, cost-effective power anywhere the sun shines.
There are a variety of ways solar energy can be harnessed at home.
Thin Film
Thin film solar cells use layers of semiconductor materials only a
few micrometers thick. This means that solar cells can also double
as:
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Rooftop or solar shingles
Roof tiles
Building facades
Glazing for skylights or atria.
Some benefits of solar shingles are attractively integrated into
homes, serve a dual purpose, and are durabile. However, there are
some current issues with commercial availability and they are more
costly than standard home solar electric systems.
Solar Electric Modules and Solar Arrays
To produce enough power, PV or solar cells are interconnected to
form panels or modules. These PV modules range in output from
10-300 watts. For more power, several modules can be installed to
form a PV array. For home solar electric systems, the most common
array design uses flat-plate PV modules or panels. These panels can
either be fixed in place or allowed to track the movement of the sun.
Fixed arrays are suitable for many locations—including residential
roofs—and do not need extra equipment or moving parts. They are
also lightweight and less expensive, but because they are fixed in
place, the angle is typically less than optimal and less energy per
unit area is collected compared with a tracking array.
Understanding how solar power works is the first step in utilizing
solar energy at home. This month, we will have several blogs
dedicated to solar energy at home. These topics include passive
solar energy, planning and installing a solar electric system, the
financial benefits of solar energy, and daylighting, just to name a
few!
Wind Energy
The power of the wind is harnessed to propel the blades of wind turbine attached to an electric generator to generate
wind energy. Wind energy is an effective alternative source of energy in areas where the velocity of wind flow is high.
Advantages of wind energy
– Wind energy is a clean form of energy.
– The source of power generation i.e., wind is free of cost.
– Wind energy is a renewable source of energy.
Biomass Energy
This is the energy developed from the wastes of various human and animal activities like the by-products and wastes
from timber industry, agricultural yields, municipal solid waste etc. Out of the many alternative sources of energy this
is the one which takes into account the utilization of waste material to develop energy thereby disposing them off in a
profitable and effective way.
Advantages of biomass energy
– It is an environmental friendly way of energy production in which biological mass is recycled and re-used.
– The biomass will keep generating and decomposing as part of the natural biological cycle. Therefore, biomass
energy is considered as a renewable source of energy.
New alternative energy sources
To answer the question of which Alternative Energy Source have been brought to picture newly, you should
understand that as you are reading this, there are developments being carried on to find more and more alternative
energy sources. . Apart from the commonly known alternative energy sources there have been recent advancements
in terms of discovering new alternative energy sources to add to the list of alternative energy sources.
Geothermal Energy
This is the energy tapped from the heat inside the earth. Hot rocks residing in the core of earth heat water which
emits the surface of the earth with pressure and as steam. This pressurized steam can be used to run steam turbines
to generate electricity.
Advantages of geothermal energy
– Similar to other alternative energy sources, geothermal energy source is free of cost.
– With a proper power generation system in place, no harmful by-products are produced.
Tidal Power
The surface of earth is 71.11% covered by water bodies especially oceans. The tides in water rise and fall due to the
gravity of sun and moon. Since we know about how the position of moon changes we can predict the rise and fall of
tides. This rise and fall of tides can be utilized by setting up small dams and passing water through the turbines to
generate power.
Advantages of tidal energy
– The source of power generation is free and renewable.
– The power generated is clean and does not cause any pollution.
Challenges with using alternative energy sources
As promising as the use of alternative sources of energy may sound, it is still under research as to how to tap energy
from these resources in the most efficient and effective way. Although small power generation systems can be put in
place but power production from these resources on a large scale is still a challenge with hydroelectric power
generation being an exception.
Many countries are not yet ready to move from using conventional energy sources to the alternative energy
sources as it involves a huge amount to decommission the old power generation infrastructure and establish a new
infrastructure. Therefore, the shift is ideal to be made in phases.
Why use alternative energy sources?
Alternative energy sources are available free of cost and do not tax the environment for their usage. Power
generation through alternative sources of energy is clean and ‘green’. If we shift to use power generated from these
sources, then carbon dioxide emission from the conventional energy sources will be greatly reduced, and the problem
of global warming will be solved in a few years. Also the fast depleting traditional energy sources can be preserved.
Along with air pollution, the use of traditional energy resources also cause soil pollution and water pollution by
releasing various toxins to the land and water. This can also be controlled reasonably.
The damage that we have caused to earth after the industrial revolution is huge and we will have to take action
immediately if we want to keep the planet sustainable for our future generations. The biggest leap that mankind can
take to prevent further damage is to start using alternative energy sources.
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