Таблица 1
СТРУКТУРА
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ПРОСТОГО ПОВЕСТВОВАТЕЛЬНОГО РАСПРОСТРАНЁННОГО
ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ
определения
подлежащее
сказуемое
обстоятельства
дополнение
Таблица 2
ТИПЫ ВОПРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ
Общие
Do you work?
Yes, I do. No, I don`t.
вопросы
Is she reading?
Yes, she is. No, she isn`t.
Специальные
Where do you work?
I work at an Institute.
вопросы
What is she reading?
She is reading a book.
Who knows this history?
He (does).
You work much, don`t you?
Yes, I do. No, I don`t.
She can`t sing, can she?
No, she can`t. Yes, she can.
(have you)
Have you a flat or a room?
I have a flat.
(does he know)
Does he know French or English?
He knows English.
Разделительные
вопросы
Альтернативные
вопросы
Таблица 3
МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ
Лицо число
1-е ед. ч.
2-е ед. ч.
3-е ед. ч.
1-е мн. ч.
2-е мн. ч.
3-е мн. ч.
Личные
Падеж
именительный
объектный
I
me
you
you
he
him
she
her
it
it
we
us
you
you
they
them
Притяжательные
Формы
I
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
II
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
Возвратные и
усилительные
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
Таблица 4
СВОДНАЯ ТАБЛИЦА УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ВРЕМЁН
(Изъявительное наклонение)
Active Voice
to ask
Indefinite (Simple)
to ask
Present
Past
ask
asks
asked
Future
shall
will
Continuous
to be asking
Present
ask am
is asking
are
Past
was
Perfect
to have asked
Future
be
shall
Present Past
have
asked
asking
will
were
asking
has
had
asked
Perfect Continuous
to have been asking
Future
shall
have
asked
will
Present
have
been
has
asking
Past
had been
asking
Future
shall
will
have
been
asking
Употребление
Действие как факт
(обычное, постоянное,
повторяющееся)
Действие как процесс
(незаконченное, длящееся)
(КОНСТАТАЦИЯ ФАКТА)
(ПРОЦЕССУАЛЬНОСТЬ)
usually yesterday tomorrow now
1. at 4 o`clock
last
week
next
week
every day
from 6 o`clock till
often
seldom
5 days ago
7 o`clock
2. другое действие
Действие, предшествующее какому-то моменту,
связанное с ним
(РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТЬ)
today
1. by 4 o`clock
this week
already
ever, never
just
not yet
Перевод
sometimes
Действие, начавшееся в
прошлом и продолжающееся
вплоть до какого-нибудь
момента
(ПРОЦЕСС В ПРОШЛОМ)
for
since
for
for
since when
2. другое
действие
Глагол несовершенного вида
Глаг. несовершенного вида
Глаг. совершенного вида
Глаг. несовершенного вида
наст. вр. прош.вр. буд.врем. наст.вр. прош.вр. буд.врем. прош. времени буд.врем. наст.вр. прош.вр. буд.врем.
Passive Voice
to be asked
to be asked
to be being asked
am
is
are
was
shall
asked
asked
were
will
be
asked
am being
is
asked
are
was
were
being
asked
to have been asked
have been
–
asked
has
had
been
asked
shall
will
have
been
asked
–
–
Таблица 5
Таблица 6
THERE + TO BE
Форма
Утвердительная форма
PRESENT
Единственное число
there is
(there's)
Множественное число
there are
Отрицательная форма
there is not
(there isn't or there's not)
there are not...
(there aren't)
there are no...
Вопросительная форма
is there...?
are there … ?
Форма
Утвердительная форма
PAST
Единственное число
there was
Множественное число
there were
Отрицательная форма
there wasn't
there weren't
there were no...
Вопросительная форма
was there...?
were there...?
FUTURE
Единственное число
Множественное число
Форма
Утвердительная форма
there will be
Отрицательная форма
there will not be a pen...
(there won't) be a pen...
there will be no pens
Вопросительная форма
will there be...?
0