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This material is based upon work supported by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration under Cooperative Agreement No. DTFH61-97-X-00017. Any
opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
publication are those of the Author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of
the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.
COPYRIGHT © 2005 AAMVA. All rights reserved
This material has been created for and provided to State Driver License Agencies (SDLAs) by AAMVA for the purpose of educating Driver
License applicants (Commercial or Non-Commercial). Permission to reproduce, use, distribute or sell this material has been granted to
SDLAs only. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the author / publisher.
Any unauthorized reprint, use, distribution or sale of this material is prohibited.
In January 2015, an RV pulled into a truck stop in Virginia. Observant professional truck driver Kevin Kimmel recognized
suspicious activity around that RV, which had pulled back by the truck line, and decided something was off. Instead of turning a
blind eye, he made a call that brought law enforcement out to the scene within a few minutes. After interviewing the occupants
of the vehicle, they discovered that a young woman, 20 years old, had been kidnapped from Iowa two weeks prior. She had
been beaten, raped, her whole body burned by instruments heated on the RV stove, branded and starved. She was being sold by
her traffickers, Laura Sorenson and Aldair Hodza, through sex ads on Craigslist, where men were purchasing her and then arriving
at the RV to rape her. She was dying from malnutrition and the torture she was subjected to … had the call not been made that
brought law enforcement out to that truck stop, doctors said she would have died within the next few days. Now a recovering
survivor, this young woman calls Kimmel her guardian angel. He calls himself a Trucker Against Trafficking.
Truckers Against Trafficking is a non-profit organization that has been working with the trucking industry since 2009 to provide
the needed training and tools to enable members of the industry to both recognize human trafficking when they see it
happening and to know what actions to take to enable law enforcement to effectively fight this crime. Through this training and
these tools, truckers are becoming Everyday Heroes like Kevin Kimmel, who was also named TAT’s 2015 Harriet Tubman Award
winner.
One of the tools TAT provides is a wallet card with red flags
to look for, questions to ask if you suspect someone is a
victim and actionable information to report. This wallet card
is available by App, from the appropriate App Store, on all
smart phones, whether Android, iPhone or Windows format,
as well as by emailing tat.truckers@gmail.com, for a version
to carry in your wallet.
Additionally, TAT provides a powerful, 26-minute training
video on its website (www.truckersagainsttrafficking.org),
which, when watched along with taking and passing a short test, certifies drivers as TAT-Trained, a designation which can go on
your resume. Because professional drivers often find themselves in locations frequented and exploited by human traffickers,
they are in a unique position to recognize the signs of human trafficking and to make the call that can lead to victim recovery and
perpetrator arrests. Get your wallet card today. Be an Everyday Hero! Make the call (1-888-3737-888); save lives!
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Prologue
In 1989, the Texas Legislature established the Commercial
Driver License Law to comply with the federal Commercial
Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986. These laws were passed
to reduce traffic accidents involving commercial motor
vehicles.
5. A vehicle that is owned, leased, or controlled by an
air carrier, as defined by Texas Transportation Code
(TRC), Section 21.155, and that is driven or operated
exclusively by an employee of the air carrier only on
the premises of an airport, as defined by the TRC,
Section
The following handbook was designed to assist you, the
professional driver, to pass the required knowledge and
skills tests. Look for relevant study and review questions at
the end of many chapters. Although comprehensive, this
handbook is not an exact reference to the Texas
Commercial Driver License Law.
6. A vehicle used exclusively to transport seed cotton
modules or cotton burrs.
Who needs a Commercial Driver License?
All drivers who operate a commercial motor vehicle are required to have a Commercial Driver License. The law does
provide for some exemptions. A driver that meets one or
more of the criteria listed below will not be required to have
a CDL. However, the driver is required to have a Class A, B,
or C Non-CDL License.
Who is exempt from a CDL?
(Certification form CDL-2
required)
Persons operating the following vehicles are exempt from a
Commercial Driver License:
1. A vehicle that is controlled and operated by a farmer,
used to transport agricultural products, farm machinery, or farm supplies to or from a farm, not used in the
operations of a common or contract motor carrier, and
used within 150 air miles of the person’s farm.
2. A fire-fighting or emergency vehicle necessary to the
preservation of life or property or the execution of
emergency
governmental
functions,
whether
operated by an employee of a political subdivision or
by a volunteer fire fighter (this includes operators of
industrial emergency vehicles).
3. A military vehicle, when operated for military
purposes by military personnel, members of the
Reserves and National Guard on active duty,
including personnel on full-time National Guard duty,
personnel on part-time training, and National Guard
military technicians.
4. A recreational vehicle that is driven for personal use.
Different Classes of Commercial Driver Licenses
The three (3) basic types or classes of Commercial Driver
Licenses are described below. For further information,
refer to Figure 1.2. This helps a person determine which
class of license he/she needs and which section(s) of the
handbook to study.
CLASS A:
Any combination of vehicles with a gross combination
weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more, provided the gross
vehicle weight rating of the vehicle or vehicles towed
exceeds 10,000 pounds;
CLASS B:
Any single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of
26,001 pounds or more, any one of those vehicles towing
a vehicle that does not exceed 10,000 pounds gross
vehicle weight rating, and any vehicle designed to transport
24 passengers or more, including the driver; and a Class B
license will be restricted to operating busses under 26,001
pounds GVWR if the skills test is taken in a bus with a
GVWR of less than 26,001 pounds; and
CLASS C:
Any single vehicle or combination of vehicles that is not a
Class A or Class B if the vehicle is:
1) designed to transport 16 to 23 passengers
including the driver; or
2) used in the transportation of hazardous materials
that require the vehicle to be placarded under 49
CFR, Part 172, Subpart F.
Commercial Learner Permit (CLP)
A Commercial Learner Permit (CLP) will be issued to
drivers who are applying to drive a commercial vehicle or
upgrading an existing commercial driver license. A CLP
must be held for a minimum of 14 days prior to being
allowed to take the CDL skills test. This applies to original
applicants, upgrade in class or adding endorsements
which require a skills test.
i
While operating a commercial motor vehicle with a
commercial learners permit (CLP), the applicant must have
a licensed CDL operator, with the proper class of license,
in the front seat. (See Endorsements and Restrictions
sections.)
Applicants are not required to pass CDL knowledge or skills
tests to obtain an FRSI CDL. However, by rule, the Department will require applicants for a Class B FRSI CDL to pass
the 20 question Class A-B Rules Test and a Skills Test in a
Class B vehicle before the Class B FRSI CDL will be issued.
A CLP is valid for 180 days or expiration of the base
license or lawful presence, whichever is earliest. A CLP is
eligible to be renewed one time, 30 days prior to expiration.
An applicant for an FRSI CDL must have a good driving record and at least one year of driving experience in any type of
vehicle. A driver who has not held any motor vehicle operator’s license for at least one year will not be eligible for the FRSI
CDL. Drivers who have between one and two years of driving
experience must demonstrate the good driving record
requirements for their entire driving history. Drivers with more
than two years of driving experience must meet the good driving record requirements for the two-year period preceding their
date of application for an FRSI CDL. A good driving
record is defined as:
In addition to the general driver license restrictions and endorsements, a CDL holder may also have one or more of the
following restrictions or endorsements applied to his license.
Endorsements and Restrictions for Commercial Driver
License:
1) No multiple licenses;
2) No driver license suspensions, revocations,
disqualifications, or cancellations of any kind;
3) No convictions in any type of motor vehicle for
driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs,
leaving the scene of an accident, or
committing any felony involving a motor
vehicle;
For a complete listing of the driver license restrictions and
endorsements, visit our web site at
http://www.dps.texas.gov/DriverLicense/endrsRestrictions.htm
Farm-Related Service Industry (FRSI) Waiver
The Texas Department of Public Safety may waive the Commercial Driver License (CDL) knowledge and skills tests required by TRC, Section 522.012, and provide for the issuance
of a restricted CDL to an employee of a Farm-Related Service Industry (FRSI). Seasonal drivers of the following FRSI
are authorized by federal and state regulations to obtain the
waiver and be issued a restricted CDL: (1) Farm retail out- lets
and suppliers; (2) agrichemical businesses; (3) custom
harvesters (includes cotton modular operators); and (4) livestock feeders. FRSI CDL’s shall be issued for Class B and
Class C vehicles only (Class A vehicles are not included in the
waiver). The FRSI CDL can only be valid for 180 days each
twelve month period as indicated on the license.
4) No convictions whatsoever in any type of
motor vehicle for serious traffic violations, i.e.,
speeding at 15 miles per hour or more above
the posted speed limit; reckless driving,
improper or erratic lane changes; following too
closely; driving a CMV without a CDL in
possession; or driving a CMV without a CDL;
and
5) No convictions in any type of motor vehicle for
accident-connected traffic law violations and
no record of at-fault accidents.
A holder of an FRSI CDL may not transport hazardous
materials in quantities requiring placarding except for the
following amounts:
1) Transport 1,000 gallons or less of diesel fuel;
2) Transport 3,000 gallons or less of liquid fertilizer; or
3) Transport any quantity of solid fertilizer not
mixed with any organic substance.
No other placarded hazardous materials shall be
transported by holders of an FRSI CDL. The FRSI CDL
confers the right to carry hazardous materials as listed
above. No hazardous materials endorsement can be
placed on an FRSI CDL.
ii
An FRSI CDL driver may only be permitted to operate
commercial motor vehicles within 150 miles of the
employer’s place of business or the farm currently being
served.
CDL sanctions/disqualifications apply to the FRSI CDL
driver just as they do the unrestricted CDL driver. A driver
who operates a commercial motor vehicle that is not
included in the farm-related service industry waiver or who
violates the restriction on the FRSI is subject to a fine as
provided in state law (TRC, Section 522.043), and
suspension of driving privileges as provided in state law
(TRC, Section 521.294).
The FRSI CDL has reciprocity in all states.
An applicant for an FRSI CDL must meet all other CDL requirements as provided by 49 Code of Federal Regulations,
Part 383, TRC, Section 522, and Department administrative
regulations. This includes age (minimum age 18 intrastate
commerce and age 21 interstate commerce), language, vision, and physical requirements. Applicants must complete
the CDL-1F application form when applying for the FRSI CDL,
renewing the FRSI CDL, or changing the seasonal validity
period once each year and the applicant’s employer must
complete the back side of the application each time.
8) no rheumatic, arthritic, orthopedic, muscular,
neuro- muscular, or vascular problems that would
affect vehicle control,
9)
no epilepsy or other condition likely to cause loss
of consciousness,
10) no mental, nervous, organic, or functional disease
or psychiatric disorder likely to interfere with vehicle
control,
11) vision 20/40 or better in each eye, not color blind,
12) have good hearing,
13) not addicted to drugs, and
14) not addicted to alcohol.
Completion of a form CDL-4 is required.
INTRASTATE
The driver must reside in the state of Texas.
The driver must be at least 18 years of age.
English language is not required.
The fees for an FRSI CDL are the same as for a regular
CDL.
$60 for originals or renewals, $10 each time the seasonal
validity period has to be updated (once each year).
General Requirements
The following are the general requirements a person must
meet in order to apply for a Commercial Driver License.
Intrastate drivers must meet all of the fitness requirements
listed above for interstate drivers unless exempted.
Intrastate drivers who do not meet the vision requirements
of 49 CFR, Part 391 may be able to qualify for a vision
waiver. A driver must have 20/40 or better distant vision
with or without corrective lenses in order to qualify for the
waiver. Applicants for a vision waiver must apply through the
Department’s License Issuance Service, PO Box 4087,
Austin, Texas 78773-0310.
INTERSTATE
The driver must reside in the state of Texas.
Drivers must certify that they meets the qualification
requirements of 49 CFR, Part 391, which are briefly:
1) be 21 years of age,
2) be able to read and speak the English language,
3) no loss of limb that has not been waived,
4) no impairment of hand, finger, arm, foot, or leg
that interferes with driving,
5) no heart problems,
6) no respiratory dysfunction,
7) no high blood pressure,
Federal physical requirements of 49 CFR, Part 391, do not
apply to the following commercial motor vehicle operators
who will be required to hold a CDL, but they must meet state
medical and vision requirements.
A driver who operates a commercial motor vehicle in
intrastate commerce, not transporting property requiring
a hazardous material placard, and was regularly
employed in Texas in intrastate commerce prior to
August 28, 1989. (CDL must be restricted to intrastate).
School bus drivers employed by a private or parochial
school and school bus drivers employed by a company
that operates school busses under contract with a
school while transporting school children and/or school
personnel from home to school and from school to
home.
iii
Persons operating a vehicle for a government entity.
(This includes school bus drivers employed directly by a
school district).
Sequence of the Knowledge exams:









Persons occasionally transporting personal property not
for compensation nor in the furtherance of a commercial
enterprise.
Persons transporting corpses, sick or injured
people. Private transportation of passengers.
Intracity zone drivers with limited exception who
possess a DOT medical examiner’s certificate restricted
to intracity operation. (Medical certificate must be
presented to a DPS employee at the time of application).
The transportation of farm machinery, supplies, or both,
to or from a farm for custom-harvesting operations on a
farm or the transporting of custom-harvested operations
to storage or market.
Drivers operating motor vehicles controlled and
operated by a beekeeper engaged in the seasonal
transportation of bees.
The operation of a vehicle in intrastate operations used
in oil or water well servicing or oil or water well drilling
and which is constructed as a machine, consisting, in
general, of a mast, an engine for power, a draw works,
and a chassis permanently constructed or assembled for
such purpose. (CDL must be restricted to intrastate).
The operation of a mobile crane that is an unladen selfpropelled vehicle constructed as a machine used to
raise, shift, or lower weights. (CDL must be restricted to
intra- state).
The completion of either form CDL-5 or CDL-10 is required.
Texas Commercial Rules
General Knowledge
Combination (if required)
Airbrakes (if required)
Double/Triple Trailer (if required)
Passenger (if required)
School Bus (if required)
Tanker (if required)
HazMat (if required)
Safety Inspection
Before the driver begins his skills test the examiner will
conduct a safety inspection of the vehicle. This will include
equipment requirements, liability insurance requirements, and
registration requirements. If the vehicle does not pass
inspection, the skills test will be postponed.
The vehicle will be inspected for the following:

Current liability insurance

Current registration

Inspection certificate

Headlamps (for bright and dim)

Two tail lamps (one for 1959 models or earlier)

Two stop lamps (one for 1959 models or earlier)

Turn signals (1960 or later models)

Horn

Exhaust system

License plate (current) (2)

Windshield wiper
Commercial Driver License (CDL)
Medical Certification Requirements

Rearview mirrors

Safety belt
All Commercial Driver License holders must certify to their
Medical Certification Status. For additional information please
visit our web site at

Approved glass coating material (if applicable)

Clearance lamps

Side marker lamps

Side reflectors

Turn signals (all models)

Hazard warning lamps

Fire extinguisher (if required)

Flashing lights (school bus-two red alternately
flashing lamps to the front and rear)

Reflective triangles (if required)
https://www.dps.texas.gov/DriverLicense/medCertReq.htm
Tests
A driver must pass certain knowledge and skills tests depending on the type of Commercial Driver License and/or endorsements he needs. These tests are described in Section 1.1
Knowledge Tests
The knowledge tests are multiple choice and matching type
tests. A person must answer 80% of the questions correctly
prior to taking the skills test.

Full service brakes

Hydraulic brake

Parking brake
iv
Skills Tests
All drivers of CMV’s must have the knowledge and skills
necessary to operate a CMV safely. The required Skills
Tests (road test) consists of three sections: Pre-trip vehicle
inspection, basic vehicle control, and safe on-road driving
skills. Each section of the skills test must be passed before
taking the next section. Section 11, 12, and 13 cover these
required skills tests.
The following factors will result in failure of the Road Test:
Having too many deductions (more than 30)
Having or causing an accident
Driving Dangerously
Not cooperating
Violating the law
Skills Test Exemptions
Basic Vehicle Control Test
A driver will tested on the basic vehicle control skills
consisting of three of the following:
 Straight line backing
 Offset back/right
 Offset back/left
 Parallel park (driver side)
 Parallel park (conventional)
Road Test
A driver must take a Road Test in the vehicle he plans to
drive or one in the same class. The Road Test will consist
of the following maneuvers:
 Start
 Quick Smooth Stop
 Upshifting
 Downshifting
 Lane Change
A driver is exempt from the skills test if he/she can certify to
meeting all of the following requirements:
1. He/she is currently licensed.
2. During the two-year period immediately prior to
applying for a Commercial Driver License, the driver
a. has not had more than one license;
b. has not had any license suspended, revoked, or
cancelled;
c. has not had any convictions for a disqualifying offense for any type of motor vehicle, such as:






 Merge
 Use of Lanes
 Right-of-Way

 Posture
any traffic accident in which the aforementioned
driver was at fault
 Approach to Corner
 Traffic Signals
 Traffic Signs
 Left Turns
 Right Turns
 Intersections
 Railroad Crossing
 Curves
d. has not had more than one serious traffic violation:





 Roadside Stop/Start
Pass or Fail
The official conducting the examination will guide the driver
through the Road Tests. If the driver successfully performs
the required maneuvers, they will be issued a Commercial
Driver License. If not, they will be required to take the Road
Test again another day.
Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)
Driving Under the Influence of Drugs (DUID)
Blood/Breath Test Refusal (BBTR)
Failed to Stop and Render Aid (FSRA)
Felony involving use of a commercial motor
vehicle
The use of a commercial motor vehicle in the
commission of a felony involving manufacturing,
distributing, or dispensing a controlled
substance
Any violation of state or local law relating to
motor vehicle traffic control arising in
connection with


Speeding 15 mph over the limit
Reckless driving
Following too close
Unsafe lane change
A violation of the law relating to traffic control
arising in connection with a fatal accident
excluding parking, weight, and vehicle defect
violations
Driving a CMV without a CDL
Driving a CMV without a CDL in possession
3. The applicant is regularly employed in a job
requiring the operation of a commercial motor
vehicle and
v
Application
a. has previously taken and passed a skills test
given by a state with a classified licensing system
and the test was behind-the-wheel in a
representative vehicle for that driver license
classification; or
b. has operated, for at least two years immediately
pre- ceding application for a Commercial Driver
License, a vehicle representative of the
commercial motor vehicle he operates or expects
to operate.
This exemption only applies to drivers whose two-year
driving experience has been legal (properly licensed) and
who have been driving vehicles that are exempt (firefighters, farmers, etc.).
Texas Drivers Applying for a
Commercial Driver License
A driver currently licensed in Texas must present their
driver license, proof of their Social Security number
(examples include: actual Social Security card, health
insurance card issued by governmental agencies, peace
officer’s license issued by TCLEOSE, military identification
card, DD-214, pilot’s license issued by FAA, certified
college or university transcript, IRS form W-2 Wage and
Tax Statement,
Form 1099-MISC, pay stub (stub must include name and
SSN) and Medicare or Medicaid card. A facsimile [flea
market] or metal Social Security card are not acceptable).
Also they will be required to complete an application, a selfcertification of medical status, and a Qualification
Certification form (CDL-4, CDL-5, or CDL-10) to certify that
they meet or are exempt from certain physical
qualifications, along with any other necessary certification
forms previously mentioned. All the information necessary
to take and pass the required CDL tests is contained in the
Texas Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Handbook. If a
Texas driver is upgrading from a Class C license to a higher
class license, he will be required to take the Texas
Commercial Rules Test. (See Section 14 of this handbook,
page 14-1).
Others Applying for a Commercial Driver License
If a person is applying for a Texas driver license for the first
time, they will have to fulfill requirements in addition to those
for a Texas driver. They will be required to complete an original
application for a Texas driver license and take any knowledge
and/or skills tests required. The tests are derived from both the
Texas Drivers Handbook and the Texas Commercial Motor
Vehicle Drivers Handbook. All necessary forms/hand- books
are available at any Driver License Office or visit our website
at www.dps.texas.gov.
If an applicant does not pass the knowledge and skills tests
on the date of the first application, the pending application will
be retained in the driver license system for 90 days. If after 90
days or 3 failures, all required tests have not been passed, the
application will be cancelled and a new application, fee and
tests will be required.
Fees
A CDL will require a fee of $60.00 for five years. If a driver
already has a valid Texas driver license (Class A, B, or C) and
converts to a Commercial Drivers License, they will be given
a $4.00 credit for each full year remaining on the current
license.
A $24.00 fee is required for an applicant who obtains a Commercial Leaners Permit (CLP).
A $10.00 fee is required for an applicant who makes a change
in the class or type of license, endorsement, or restrictions, or
one that adds a class of vehicle(s) to a CDL.
The fee for a replacement (duplicate) license is $10.00.
Implied Consent
A person who drives a commercial motor vehicle in this state
is deemed to have given consent to submit to the taking of one
or more specimens of the person’s breath, blood, or urine for
the purpose of analysis to determine the alcohol concentration
or the presence in the person’s body of a controlled substance
or drug.
Not all driver license offices offer skills tests. Office
addresses and telephone numbers are located in the
telephone book under “Texas Department of Public Safety”
or “Drivers License” or visit our website at
www.dps.texas.gov.
Disqualifications
If a driver refuses to submit to a Blood-Alcohol Content test
while driving a commercial motor vehicle, they will lose their
Commercial Driver License for the period of time specified in
the law. Other disqualifications that can cause a driver to lose
a Commercial Driver License are explained in Section 1.2,
pages 1-2 of this manual.
Reporting Convictions
Also explained in Section 1.2 is the requirement for a driver
to report all traffic convictions to his employer. Any out-ofstate traffic convictions must be reported by the out-of-state
licensing authority to the Department’s Enforcement and
Compliance Service.
vi
Are the Tests Difficult?
The information contained in this handbook is very
technical. A general working knowledge of commercial
motor vehicles and their operation may not be sufficient
preparation for the CDL tests. Even seasoned,
professional commercial drivers NEED to study this
handbook before making application for a CDL. (A person
should also be familiar with the section titled Special
Requirements for Texas Commercial Motor Vehicles. This
same information is also found in Section 14 of this CDL
Handbook).
Where Do I Go?
Not all driver license offices offer skills tests. Office
addresses and telephone numbers are located in the
telephone book under “Texas Department of Public Safety”
or “Drivers License” or visit our website at
www.dps.texas.gov.
USA PATRIOT ACT
The Uniting and Strengthening America by providing
Appropriate Tools Required To Intercept and Obstruct
Terrorism (USA Patriot) Act was enacted on October 25,
2001.
Section 1012 of the USA of the USA PATRIOT Act
amended 49 U.S.C. Chapter 51 by adding a new section
5103a titled “Limitation on issuance of hazmat licenses.”
Section 5103a(a)
(1) provides:
7+,6SECTION
,17(17,21$//<
/()7%/$1.
A State may not issue to any individual a license to
operate a motor vehicle transporting in commerce a
hazardous material unless the Secretary of
Transportation has first determined, upon receipt of a
notification, under subsection (c)(1)(B), that the
individual does not pose a security risk warranting
denial of the license.
Section 5103a(a)(2) subjects license renewals to the same
requirements.
Section 5103 a(d) requires the Attorney General, upon the
request of a State in connection with issuance of a HME,
to carry out a background records check of the individual
ap- plying for the endorsement and, upon completing the
check, to notify the Secretary (as delegated to the
Administrator of TSA) of the results. The Secretary then
determines whether the individual poses a security risk
warranting denial of the endorsement. The background
records check must consist of: (1) A check of the relevant
criminal history databases; (2) in the case of an alien, a
check of the relevant databases to determine the status of
the alien under U.S. immigration laws; and (3) as
appropriate, a check of the relevant international
databases through Interpol-U.S. National Central Bureau
or other appropriate means.
vii
Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System
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Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System
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Page 1-2
Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System
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Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System
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Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System
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Page 5-9
Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System
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Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System
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Section 14: Special Requirements for
Texas Commercial Motor Vehicles
14.1 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS (PAPERS, PERMITS)
Papers. All commercial motor vehicles, truck tractors, trailers, or semitrailers must carry registration papers (receipt for
license plates) on the vehicles while operating on a public
highway. These papers shall show the weight of the vehicle
empty and how much it is registered to haul.
Special Permits. If you wish to haul a load or move equipment that is heavier, longer, wider, or higher than the law
allows, you must obtain a special permit from the Texas
Department of Transportation. A permit will not be granted if
the load can reasonably be dismantled.
14.2 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS (EQUIPMENT)
Flares, Fusees, or Reflectors. No person shall operate a
truck, bus, truck tractor, or any motor vehicle towing a house
trailer, upon any highway outside the city limits or upon any
divided highway at any time from a half hour after sunset to
a half hour before sunrise unless there shall be carried in
such vehicle the following: at least three flares, or three red
electric lanterns, or three portable red emergency reflectors.
During times when lighted lamps are not required two red
flags must be used in place of flares, lights, or reflectors.
Motor vehicles transporting explosives or any cargo tank
truck used for the transportation of any flammable liquid or
compressed flammable gases, or any motor vehicle using
compressed gas as a fuel shall not use flares, fusees, or any
signals produced by flame. D.O.T. approved triangular
reflectors can be used in lieu of the above equipment.
The first thing the driver of a disabled vehicle must do is put
out the proper flares, flags, or reflectors.
TWO WAY ROADWAY
Special Requirements
Hazard Warning Signal Lights. When any truck, bus, truck
tractor, trailer, semitrailer, or pole trailer 80 inches or more
in width or 30 feet or more in overall length is stopped upon
a roadway or adjacent shoulder, the driver shall immediately actuate electric hazard warning signal lights, flashers
which flash simultaneously. These lights need not be displayed, however, by a vehicle legally parked inside the city
limits or when stopped to receive or discharge passengers.
Fire Extinguisher
All school buses, buses, taxis, and other vehicles hauling
passengers for hire or lease, must carry a chemical type fire
extinguisher of at least one quart capacity.
Commercial vehicles that are subject to the Federal Motor
Carrier Safety Regulations must be equipped with a fire
extinguisher that is properly filled and located so that it is
readily accessible for use. The fire extinguisher must be
securely mounted on the vehicle. (Note: Extinguishers,
when required, must meet the standards of 393.95 of the
Code of Federal Regulations.)
Lighting and Reflectors. Reflectors must be mounted not
less than 24 inches nor more than 60 inches in height above
the ground on every pole trailer and on trucks, buses, truck
tractors, trailers, semitrailers which are 80 or more inches in
width.
See diagrams for lighting and reflector requirements for your
type vehicle.
Under certain conditions, farm, fertilizer, and boat trailers
are exempt from lighting requirements. Mobile homes being
moved under permit are exempt from lighting and reflector
requirements. For further information concerning lighting
requirements for these vehicles request the Department’s
publication on lighting and reflector requirements for trailers.
This publication is available at any Department of Public
Safety office or by writing to the Austin headquarters.
Page 14-1
DIVIDED HIGHWAY
VISION OBSCURED
Page 14-2
Special Requirements
VEHICLE LIGHTING AND
REFLECTOR REQUIREMENTS
ON EVERY
TRUCK OR BUS LESS THAN 80” IN WIDTH
FRONT
Special Requirements
REAR
Page 14-3
ON EVERY
TRUCK OR BUS 80” OR MORE IN WIDTH
FRONT
Page 14-4
REAR
Special Requirements
FRONT
REAR
*Trucks manufactured or assembled prior to model year 1960 required to have at least one taillight.
Special Requirements
Page 14-5
FRONT
Page 14-6
REAR
Special Requirements
ON EVERY TRUCK-TRACTOR
FRONT
Special Requirements
REAR
Page 14-7
ON EVERY
TRAILER 80” OR MORE IN OVERALL WIDTH
FRONT
REAR
Intermediate side marker lamp and reflector required only on trailers measuring 30 feet or more in length.
Page 14-8
Special Requirements
ON EVERY TRAILER LESS THAN 80” IN WIDTH
FRONT
Special Requirements
REAR
ON EACH SIDE
Page 14-9
5. Flashing Lights. Flashing lights are permitted on
emergency vehicles, on snow removal equipment, and
on school buses when stopping or stopped for children
to board or alight. These lights are also allowed to be
used by tow trucks under the direction of a law
enforcement officer at the scene of an accident or
while hooking up a disabled vehicle in the roadway.
under 80 inches in width and manufactured prior to the
year model 1960 need not be equipped with electrical
turn signals unless the body or load of the vehicle or
combination of vehicles extends to side more than 24
inches from the center of the top of the steering wheel,
or the rear limit of the body or load exceeds more than
14 feet from the center of the top of the steering wheel.
6. Special Regulations for Certain Vehicles. When
operated on the highway at night all animal-drawn
vehicles, implements of husbandry, road machinery,
road rollers, and farm tractors not otherwise required
to have lamps or lighting devices must have a white
light on the front visible for 1,000 feet and two red
lights on the rear visible for 1,000 feet, or one red light
to the rear visible for 1,000 feet and two red reflectors
visible for 600 feet.
9. Mud Flaps. All trucks and trailers with four or more
tires on the rear axle must be equipped with safety
guards or mud flaps behind the rear wheels. These
flaps must reach to within 8 inches of the surface of the
highway and are for the purpose of preventing the
slinging of mud and slush. This provision does not
apply to pole trailers or to a truck tractor when it is
being operated alone and without being in combination
with a semitrailer.
7. Brakes
10. Lighting Requirements for Farm Tractors and
Implements of Husbandry. Every farm tractor and
every self-propelled unit of farm equipment or implement of husbandry manufactured or assembled after
January 1, 1972, shall be equipped with the following
lamps and reflectors:
a. Trailers, semitrailers, and pole trailers with a
gross weight of 4,500 pounds or less are exempt
from brake requirements. Trailers, semitrailers, and
pole trailers with a gross weight in excess of 4,500
pounds and which do not exceed 15,000 pounds
and operated at speeds of 30 miles per hour or less
are not required to be equipped with brakes.
Trailers, semitrailers, and pole trailers with a gross
weight in excess of 4,500 pounds and which do not
exceed 15,000 pounds and are operated at speeds
in excess of 30 miles per hour must have brakes
acting on both wheels of the rear axle.
b. Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, pole trailer, and combination of such vehicles equipped with
brakes shall have the braking system so arranged
that one control device can be used to operate all
brakes. This does not prevent the use of additional
control devices to operate brakes on the towed
vehicles. Surge or inertia brake systems may be
used on trailers and semitrailers with a gross weight
of 15,000 pounds or less.
c. Under all conditions, the combination of vehicles
must be capable of complying with the performance
requirements. Generally, if the trailer and the combination is 3,000 pounds or less, the combination
must be able to stop within 40 feet when traveling
20 miles per hour; if the trailer and the combination
is in excess of 3,000 pounds, the combination must
be able to stop within 50 feet when traveling 20
miles per hour.
a. Two head lamps.
b. One taillight mounted as far to left as practicable.
c. Two red reflectors.
d. Vehicular hazard warning lights (flashers) which
show white or amber to the front, and red or amber
to the rear. These lights must be activated when the
vehicle is being operated on any highway. See diagram.
Slow Moving Vehicle Emblem
FRONT
HAZARD WARNING LIGHTS (FLASHERS)
WHITE OR AMBER TO THE FRONT
8. Turn Signal Indicators. All motor vehicles, trailers,
semitrailers, or pole trailers except motorcycles and
certain trailers shall be equipped with electrical turn
signal lights, except that passenger cars or trucks
Page 14-10
Special Requirements
REAR
overpass on his route.
3. Width. Vehicles including loads transported may not
exceed 102 inches in width. (See exceptions.)
4. Maximum Lengths:
a. Single motor vehicle other than a truck tractor is
45 feet. (See exceptions on page 14-12).
b. A semitrailer may not exceed 59 feet when operated in a truck tractor and semitrailer combination.
c. A semitrailer or trailer may not exceed a length of
28-1/2 feet each when operated in a truck tractor,
semitrailer, and trailer combination.
11. Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem. This emblem is
now a requirement for all slow-moving vehicles. Slowmoving vehicles are those designed to operate at a
maximum speed of 25 mph or less, and the term
includes all vehicles, farm and other machinery, and
road machinery being drawn by animals or by slowmoving motor vehicles.
a. The use of this emblem is prohibited on any other
than a slow-moving vehicle. It must not be used on
other vehicles or on stationary objects.
b. Exceptions. The following do not need the special
emblem:
1) A vehicle being used in actual construction
work while traveling within the limits of a construction area marked as required by the State
Highway Commission;
2) An implement or machinery being towed by a
slow-moving vehicle bearing an emblem if this
emblem remains visible.
12. Unlawful Equipment. It is unlawful to operate on
a highway any vehicle with wheels having cleats, lugs,
flanges, studs, spikes, or other extensions on the rim
which would damage the road. This does not prevent
the use of tire chains for safety.
14.3 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS-LIMITATIONS
(note Exceptions)
1. Speed Limits. (Obey posted speed limits.)
2. Height. No vehicle, including the load it is hauling,
may be more than 14 feet in height from ground to the
top of the load. The driver is responsible for determining that his load will safely pass under any bridge or
Special Requirements
d. No combination of vehicles, other than a truck
tractor-trailer combination may exceed 65 feet. (See
exceptions.)
5. Vehicle Combinations. No passenger vehicle or
other motor vehicle with an unloaded weight of less
than 2,500 pounds may be coupled with more than
one other vehicle. Not more than three vehicles may
be operated in a combination.
6. Load Limits. The greatest weight allowed for any
vehicle or combination of vehicles including the load is
80,000 pounds. Load limits are based upon the size of
the vehicle, the number and distance between axles,
and also on the tire size. (See exceptions.) Under certain conditions, vehicles may legally exceed 80,000
pounds by obtaining an oversize/overweight permit
through the Texas Department of Transportation
Permit Office.
7. Unloading and Additional Registration. If the
gross weight of your vehicle is found to exceed the
maximum gross weight allowed by law plus a tolerance of 5%, you may be required to unload to the limit
provided by law plus the tolerance, or if the axle weight
is found to exceed the maximum allowed, the driver
may be required to rearrange the cargo or unload the
vehicle to the limits provided. Trucks carrying livestock, timber or pulpwood, or agricultural products in
their natural state from the place of production to the
place of market or first processing shall not be required
to unload any portion of the load. Trucks registered for
less than the load they are hauling must secure additional registration up to the legal limit from the nearest
County Tax Assessor-Collector or the nearest practical
point if hauling livestock or perishables.
8. Extensions Over Front and Rear. No vehicle may
carry a load extending more than three feet beyond
Page 14-11
the front nor more than four feet beyond the rear,
unless a special permit is obtained. When any load
extends more than four feet beyond the rear, there
must be attached on the extreme rear of such extension, a red flag at least twelve inches square during
daylight hours and at night a burning red light visible
for 500 feet. (See exceptions.) Motor vehicles or combinations thereof used exclusively for the transportation of poles or pipes may exceed the length or extension limits over front and rear of a vehicle, except that
such vehicles may not exceed 65 feet in length and
may be operated only between sunrise and sunset.
9. Towing. When one vehicle is towing another, the
drawbar, chain, rope, cable, or other connection must
not be longer than fifteen feet from one vehicle to the
other. This 15-foot limit does not apply to pole trailers.
When a chain, rope, or cable is used as a connection,
a white flag not less than twelve inches square must
be attached to it.
10. Metal Tires. Vehicles, trailers, etc., weighing 5,000
pounds or more, with metal tires, may not be operated
on a highway without a special permit.
11. Transporting Loose Materials. No person shall
load or transport any loose material on or over the public highways, such as dirt, sand, gravel, wood chips, or
other material except agricultural products in their natural state, that is capable of blowing or spilling from a
vehicle unless:
a. The bed carrying the load must be completely
enclosed on both sides and on the front and on the
rear by a tailgate, board or panel, and all must be so
constructed as to prevent the escape of any part of
the load by blowing or spilling.
b. The top of the load must be covered with a canvas, tarpaulin, or other covering firmly secured to
the front and the back to prevent the escape of any
part of the load because of blowing or spilling. This
requirement does not apply to any load-carrying
compartment that completely encloses the load or
to the transporting of any load of loose materials
that are not blowing or spilling over the top of the
load-carrying compartment.
the Interstate system when operated during daylight
hours.
2. A single motor vehicle used only to transport seed
cotton modules, cotton, or equipment used in transporting or processing of cotton may operate up to 120
inches in width provided the vehicle is registered with
a “Cotton Vehicle” license plate. Vehicles carrying
cylindrically shaped bales of hay may not exceed 144
inches in width.
3. Motor buses with air brakes that have three or more
axles or four tires on the rear axle may be 45 feet long;
otherwise 35 feet.
4. The length requirements for vehicles and combinations of vehicles do not apply if they are operated only
within city limits.
5. Load limits may vary according to the size of the
vehicle, the number of axles and distance between the
axles, and the size of tires that the vehicle is equipped
with.
6. The State Highway Commission may lower load limits on farm- and ranch-to-market roads. Signs showing
limits allowed are posted to give notice of such action.
7. A combination of vehicles, other than truck tractor
combinations, of not more than 90 feet long may be
used from sunrise to sunset to haul poles, piling, and
unrefined timber from the forest to a mill not more than
125 miles away.
8. For a fee of 120 per year, a combination of vehicles,
other than truck tractor combinations, of not more than
75 feet long may be used to haul poles for electric
power line maintenance from sunrise to sunset at a
speed not to exceed 50 mph.
Exception to the rear extension. A load may extend
more than four feet beyond the rear of a trailer if the
load consists of a motor vehicle that:
a. is designed and intended to be carried at the rear
of the trailer;
b. is used or intended to be used to load or unload
a commodity on or off the trailer;
14.4 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS EXCEPTIONS TO STANDARD VEHICLE SIZE REQUIREMENTS
1. Water well drilling machinery, highway building or
maintenance machinery, farm tractors, and implements of husbandry or vehicles hauling same are
exempt from width limitations on all highways except
c. does not extend more than seven feet beyond the
rear of the trailer; or
d. complies with each applicable Federal Motor
Carrier Safety Regulation.
9. A single motor vehicle used only to transport seed
Page 14-12
Special Requirements
cotton modules, cotton, or equipment used in transporting or processing of cotton may not exceed a
length of 48 feet.
10. Fire department vehicles are exempt from length,
width, and weight regulations.
11. A combination of vehicles used to transport a combine that is used for farm custom harvesting may have
an overall length of not more than 75 feet.
14.5 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS OPERATING RULES
1. Coasting. It is unlawful for a commercial motor
vehicle to coast down any grade even with the clutch
disengaged while the transmission is left in gear. If it is
necessary to shift to a lower gear, do so before starting down the hill.
2. Following. When one truck is following another
truck or vehicle, it must keep far enough back to allow
another vehicle to overtake and enter the space
between them safely. This does not prevent a truck
from overtaking and passing another vehicle.
3. Railroad Grade Crossing.
a. Outside a business district or residence district
any school bus carrying a school child and all other
buses carrying passengers for hire must stop at all
railroad grade crossings unless a traffic control signal or police officer directs traffic to proceed.
b. All super-heavy equipment such as crawler type
tractors, steam shovels, derricks, rollers, etc., must
stop for all railroad grade crossings.
Trucks carrying explosives must stop at railroad
grade crossings. These provisions do not apply to
streetcar crossings, abandoned tracks, industrial
switching tracks, or where a traffic signal or officer
directs traffic to proceed.
4. Vehicles Transporting Hazardous Materials. The
Department has adopted the U.S. Department of
Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations.
Copies of these regulations may be obtained from the
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
14.6 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS SAFETY PRACTICES
1. Right Turns with Large Equipment. Tractor-trailers and long wheelbase trucks and buses, when turning right, must have curb clearance for the rear
wheels. Since they cannot stay in the proper lane while
Special Requirements
turning, they should turn by one of these methods:
a. Approach the corner in the proper lane, about
four feet from the curb (close enough to keep a car
from passing on the right). As soon as the front
wheels pass the corner, turn wide to the right,
swinging over the center of the side street if necessary, in order for the right rear wheel to clear the
curb.
b. If the street into which you are turning is narrow,
it may be necessary to approach as above, then
swing left enough to place the right rear wheel in
position to miss the curb (but not far enough away
to invite passing on the right), then turn sharply right
into the narrow street or driveway.
You cannot watch too carefully when you are on
your own side of the road. This is even more true
while turning in a large vehicle, when you must be
on the wrong side of the road part of the time.
2. Safe Backing Practices. A large or long vehicle is
much more difficult to back safely than a smaller one.
These practices are recommended.
a. When you must back, get out and walk around
your truck and make certain there is nothing behind.
Then back immediately and watch carefully.
b. Use both rearview mirrors. You can’t see the right
side while hanging out the left door.
c. If necessary to back some distance, stop part
way, then get out and check your progress.
d. Try to have someone standing in a safe place to
guide you by signaling.
e. Park where you will not have to back to get away
from the parking place.
f. Never back around an intersection corner to turn
around.
g. If you have to back in or out of a driveway, where
possible, back into the driveway from the street so
that you can drive out forward and see where you
are going.
h. When backing over a sidewalk into a street, stop
at the sidewalk to make especially certain that there
is no child playing behind or close by. Stop again at
the curb to make a last check on traffic before backing into the street.
i. Don’t depend entirely upon your rear vision mirror.
Page 14-13
3. Safe Passing of Two-Wheeled Vehicles.
Motorcycles and bicycles are lighter and more subject
to wind effects than 4-wheeled vehicles are. Due to
this, special care must be taken when passing.
4. Nonresident truck owners may be issued 30-day
temporary registration permits for certain movements
of farm products and machinery during harvesting season.
a. Aerodynamic effects around a large vehicle can
cause a two-wheeled vehicle to be suddenly pulled
toward the larger vehicle by two or three feet,
depending on the relative speed between the two
vehicles. You should always allow at least six feet to
the left of the two-wheeled vehicle when you are
passing.
5. Under certain conditions, temporary registration permits and reduced registration rates for special vehicles
may be obtained. See your County Tax AssessorCollector or the Motor Vehicle Division of the Texas
Department of Transportation for information.
b. When passing a two-wheeled vehicle, do not
attempt to share the lane with that vehicle. Move
into the next or oncoming lane to pass. If there is
oncoming traffic, then slow and follow the twowheeled vehicle until oncoming traffic clears.
14.7 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS REGISTRATION OF
VEHICLES
1. All vehicles must be registered in the county of residence.
2. The following vehicles are not required to be registered or inspected or to display a license plate when
operated temporarily upon the highways:
a. Farm tractors.
b. Farm trailers, farm semitrailers, and certain fertilizer and cottonseed trailers weighing not more than
4,000 pounds gross.
c. Implements of husbandry.
d. Power sweepers.
6. Buyers temporary cardboard tags are recognized for
20 days; dealers metal registration plates may be used
on any dealer-owned motor vehicle, except for commercial purposes -- vehicle inspection is required.
Manufacturer’s metal registration plate may be used
for testing purposes only -- vehicle inspection is
required. Dealers temporary cardboard tag may be
used for demonstrating a vehicle for sale with motor
vehicle inspection certificate attached, or for transporting or servicing vehicles without motor vehicle inspection certificate.
7. Farm registered vehicles, in addition to use for farm
and ranch purposes, may be used as a means of passenger transportation for members of the family to
attend church or school, to visit doctors for medical
treatment or supplies, or for other necessities of the
home or family - but not for gainful employment.
8. The period for which out-of-state registration plates
are recognized in Texas after establishing residency or
entering into gainful employment is 30 days.
9. For registration applications and detailed information, consult your County Tax Assessor-Collector or
the Motor Vehicle Division of the Texas Department of
Transportation. Additional information may also be
obtained from Department of Public Safety publications pertaining to commercial vehicles.
e. Certain golfcarts.
3. The following vehicles when operated temporarily
upon the highways are not required to be registered or
inspected if the owner annually secures a distinguishing $5.00 license plate and complies with other special
conditions in the law:
a. Machinery for drilling water wells and construction machinery.
b. Farm trailers, farm semitrailers, cotton trailers,
cottonseed trailers, and certain fertilizer trailers
weighing over 4,000 pounds and not over 20,000
pounds gross.
Page 14-14
14.8 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FEDERAL REGULATIONS
The Texas Department of Public Safety has adopted by reference the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, 49
Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 390-393 and 395-397.
The Department has also adopted the Federal Hazardous
Materials Regulations, Parts 171-173, 177, and 178. For
detailed information concerning these regulations adopted
by the Department of Public Safety, see Rule §3.59 and
Rule §3.62 which are on file with the Texas Secretary of
State.
Special Requirements
Truck Drivers Sharing the Road with Automobiles
Professional truck drivers can’t just be good truck drivers.
You have to be better than anyone else on the road. Truck
drivers have the responsibility not only to safely deliver the
nations freight on time, but are industry’s front-line defense
against a bad image. Truck drivers should share the highways with automobiles and adhere to the following guidelines.
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The following are basic reminders truck drivers should follow
when passing and dealing with slower traffic:
Tailgating
Tailgating is the most common complaint car drivers have
against truck drivers. It may not always be justified, but it is
a frequent one. The professional:
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Passing
Keeps a gap between his or her truck and the car
ahead in heavy traffic because the truck needs more
space to stop. Remember, your truck looms frighteningly large in the mirror.
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Signals alone aren’t enough. Before making a move,
the professional truck driver makes sure that a lane
change or passing maneuver can be made safely and
without interfering with others.
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Don’t alarm a car driver by overtaking too closely
before moving into the passing lane. Leave some extra
space before you pull back in.
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Remember that a truck pushes a wall of air ahead of it.
To avoid buffeting cars, keep as much space as possible between the vehicles you pass.
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Slow traffic and congestion are facts of life to the professional truck driver. Keep cool and lay off the horn
and flashing of the headlights.
Maintains a four-second following distance on the
open road.
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Increases the distance of the gap to 6-8 seconds in
bad weather (more reaction time) to compensate for
poor traction and actions of less experienced car drivers.
The professional truck driver should be especially watchful
for drivers of school buses, recreational vehicles, and drivers of rental trucks. These groups of drivers’ levels of experience vary a great deal. Therefore, truck drivers should:
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Remains alert to the driver who cut into the open
space in front of the truck.
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Knows that tailgating or forming convoys promotes
unsafe passes by groups of cars stacked up behind. If
they do attempt to pass and don’t make it, you and others could be involved in a serious accident.
Give school buses as much room as possible. Watch
for frequent stops to load and un-load children.
Remember, the driver can be distracted by the children on the bus.
School Buses, Recreational Vehicles, and Others
Realize drivers of RV’s and smaller vehicles pulling
trailers can be a problem because they may not have
the professional skills or knowledge of the professional truck driver. These vehicles are epecially susceptible to turbulence from big trucks, so reduce your
speed and give them plenty of room. Pass these vehicles with care and as far to the left as safely possible.
Speeding
Speeding by trucks is a common cause of accidents and
another major complaint by motorists. Driving too fast for
conditions - regardless of the posted speed - is dangerous.
Remember, obeying the speed limit:
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Saves lives, injuries, and property damage.
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Increases fuel economy by as much as a mile per gallon at 55 mph rather than 65 mph.
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Saves wear and tear on tires, brakes, and engines.
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Allows sufficient time and space to stop after a hazard
is sighted. Remember, you stopping distance increases at a much faster rate than your speed. If you double your speed, your stopping distance will be four
times greater.
Special Requirements
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Hot and Cold
Summer driving has its own perils. Truck drivers should
especialy be on the lookout for:
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Lost, fatigued motorists on vacation who may suddenly stop, or swerve across several lanes of traffic to an
exit.
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Overloaded cars with poor visibility and/or drivers distracted by kids and pets.
Page 14-15
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Highway construction projects where roads suddenly
turn into narrow lanes with confusing signs. Heavy
equipment and pedestrians are often nearby.
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Winter ice and snow mean gearing down on grades to
avoid wheel-spinning and brake lock-up which can
lead to jackknifing. If you find a traffic jam-up and multiple vehicle accidents, stay back and wait for them to
clear before trying to get your rig through.
Attitude
A good attitude is a professional truck driver’s badge of
honor. Sharing the roads with automobiles must be a safety
concern for the professional driver.
Test Your Knowledge
1. What should be the first action of the driver of a disabled
truck or bus?
2. Clearance lamps, side marker lamps, or reflectors mounted on or near the front of a vehicle should be what color?
3. What is the greatest height allowed by state law for a
vehicle including its load?
4. What should you do when hauling equipment that is
wider, heavier or longer than the law permits?
5. What type of vehicle must stop at all railroad crossings?
These questions may be on your test. If you can’t answer all,
reread Section 14.
Page 14-16
Special Requirements