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REVISIONWORKBOOK
WORKBOOK
REVISION
SCIENCE
SCIENCE
AND
AND
TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
ANSWER
ANSWER BOOKLET
BOOKLET
First
FirstEdition
Edition2021
2021
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
TEST PAPER 1: STANDARD SEVEN 38. A
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. E
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. C
9. D
10. A
11. A
12. D
13. B
14. D
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. A
21. E
22. C
23. D
24. C
25. D
26. A
27. C
28. B
29. E
30. A
31. D
32. B
33. B
34. B
35. D
36. D
37. B
38. C
39. C
40. C
41. Caterpillar stage / larvae stage
42. DOME
EMOD
43. They are connected to bones by
tendons which are the long thin ends
of the muscles.
44. Adrenal glands
45. From the principal of moment;
Clockwise = Anti-clockwise
moment
moment
25 cm x W
25 cm
=
90 cm x 150 N
25 cm
39. E
40. B
41. Blood circulatory system
42. • To control and regulate the body
temperature.
• To remove excess water in the body.
• To help the palms to grip.
43. CO2
44. To simplify and make work easier to do.
45. • Hard water wastes soap while soft
water does not.
• Hard water does not form foam,
bubbles or lather quickly while
soft water forms foam, bubbles and
lather quickly and easily.
• Hard water leaves spots on washed
dishes after they dry unlike soft
water which doesn’t.
• Hard water is not preferred to
drinking in comparison to soft
water.
• Hardwater contains magnesium and
calcium while softwater contains
sodium.
TEST PAPER 3: STANDARD SEVEN
1. C 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. D
7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C
13. E 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. B
W = 540N
18. A 19. C 20. E 21. C 22. A
TEST PAPER 2: STANDARD SEVEN 23. B 24. D 25. E 26. D 27. B
28. D 29. C 30. D
31. C 32. A
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. B
33. E 34. B 35. B 36. E 37. C
7. C 8. D 9. E 10. A 11. C 12. B 38. D 39. A 40. B
13. B 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. C
41. X - sperm and X - ovum
18. D 19. D 20. D 21. E 22. E 42. To store food.
23. B 24. B
25. E 26. A 27. A 43. Parallel electric circuit
28. A 29. A 30. B
31. D 32. E 44. mulching
45. Iron
33. C
34. E 35. B
36. C 37. B
25 cm x W
=
90 cm x 150 N
79
ANSWER BOOKLET
45. • Vacuum is space that is totally empty. 44. • It decreases the body immunity.
• Vacuum is space devoid of matter.
• It causes depression and stress.
• The victim of HIV will be
discriminated against.
TEST PAPER 1 - STANDARD SIX 45. Air has weight.
1. E 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A
7. C 8. C 9. E 10. A 11. E 12. A
13. C 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. D 18. D
19. C 20. C 21. B 22. B 23. D
24. E 25. C 26. E 27. A 28. C
29. C 30. E 31. D 32. A 33. A
34. C 35. D 36. D 37. A 38. D
39. D 40. C
41. They will rust.
42. 5 amperes
43. (a) Melting an ice cube
(b) Breaking a glass
44. Ureter
45. Excretory system
1. E
7. C
13. D
19. C
24. E
29. C
34. A
39. E
12. E 13. B
44. oxygen
TEST PAPER 3 - STANDARD SIX
2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B
6. B
8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. D
14. B 15. C 16. E 17. B 18. E
20. D 21. B 22. C 23. A
25. D 26. E 27. E 28. E
30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C
35. A 36. A 37. C 38. D
40. A
41. They are hereditary diseases.
42. • It helps parents to plan better for the
children.
• It helps a mother to get enough
recovery and rest before having
TEST PAPER 2 - STANDARD SIX
another child.
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. E
43. Inorder to prevent the backward flow
7. E 8. E 9. D 10. C 11. D
of blood.
14. A 15. E 16.D
17. B 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. E
22. D 23. D 24. E 25. C 26. E
27. B 28. A 29.C 30. B 31.C
45. • By using contour farming.
• By doing strip farming.
• Through terracing.
32. A 33. E 34. C 35. D 36. E
37. B 38. D 39. D
40. A
41. • reduce friction
• support the rotating shafts of the
wheels, gears, turbines and rotors
42. Renal artery
43. radicle
78
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
(ii) For tuning different radio
frequencies.
(iii) Dry cells /batteries
(iv) Antenna
(v) Part B /Speaker
35. A 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. C
40. B
41. • It is because they have bright
colours which attract the birds to
them.
• It is because they have nectar which
attracts the birds to them.
•
It is because they have sticky pollen
TEST PAPER 1 - STANDARD FIVE
which can attach itself on the bird's
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
body and be transferred.
8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. A 13. B 42. In the form of light.
14. B 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. A
43. The liver
19. D 20. C 21. D 22. C 23. B
44. (i) Plants
(ii) Animals
24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A
45. • By being arboreal.
29. A 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D
• By having camera-like eyes that
can focus on different things.
34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D
• By having a long projectile tongue
39. A 40. B
that can launch out of their mouth to
catch prey from some distance.
41. (a) Invertebrates
(b) Vertebrates
• By changing its colour for
42. • To make food.
camouflage.
• To store food.
• To protect the plant.
TEST PAPER 3 - STANDARD FIVE
43. light
44. • In order to reduce on the heat
1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D
generated within the computer.
7. A 8. D 9. D 10. D 11. B 12. B
• To ensure it doesn't slow down
13. B 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. D
when heated alot.
• To avoid the possibility of causing 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. B 22. C
danger to it and other electronics
23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
when heated too much..
45. To carry urine from the kidneys to the 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A
bladder.
33. B 34.C 35.A 36.C 37.C
38. D 39.C 40.B
TEST PAPER 2 - STANDARD FIVE 41. Like poles of magnets repel each other
and unlike poles attract each other.
1. D 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 42. Sound is reflected
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B
43. Inorder to make sure the victim can
14. A 15. A 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. C
breathe normally.
20. B 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B
44. A healthy lifestyle is a way of living
25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. A
that lowers the risk of being seriously
ill or dying early.
30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A
77
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
UNIT 1 • ENVIRONMENT
TRIAL EXAMINATION ANSWERS
TEST PAPER 1: STANDARD FOUR
1. (i) A (ii) C
(iii) D (iv) B (v) C
2. (i) G (ii) F
(iii) E (iv) D (v) A
3. (i) Insulator
(ii) Translucent materials
(iii) reflects (iv) magnet
• It causes air pollution.
• It can cause scalds and burns.
(iv) Roasting, Frying, Boiling,
Baking, Steaming
(v) Heat
TEST PAPER 2: STANDARD FOUR
(v) ears
4. (i) Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome
(ii) • Through unprotected sex with
an infected person.
• Through blood transfusion.
• Through mother to child during
delivery and breast feeding.
• Through sharing sharp objects.
(iii) Through a blood test.
(iv) We should treat them with love
and care.
(v) Nail, pair of scissors, safety pin,
knife, needle, razor blade, tooth
brush
5. (i) • It should be carried or touched
with insulators when it is hot.
• They should not be put near a
flammable item.
• Children should be prevented
from coming near the cooker.
• Keep dry sand and a fire
extinguisher nearby.
• You must not leave the cooker
ON when you go far away from
it or unattended to.
• Place properly what you are
cooking on the cooker.
(ii) • It is used to cook food.
• It can boil water.
• It can be used for smelting.
• It warms and roasts food.
• It provides heat.
(iii) • It encourages deforestation.
1. (i) D
(ii) B
2. (i) E (ii) C
(iii) A (iv) B (v) C
(iii) A (iv) G
(v) B
3. (i) melt (ii) HIV/AIDS
(iii) Germs (iv) Radios
(v) shadow
4. (i) D
(ii) B
(iii) A (iv) C (v) E
5. (i) Food
(ii) ulcers, heartburn, constipation,
hemorrhoids, chronic diarrhoea,
appendicitis
(iii) V - anus
(iv) R
(v) It moistens and lubricates the food
making it easy to swallow.
TEST PAPER 3 : STANDARD FOUR
1. (i) B (ii) A (iii) D
(iv) C (v) A
2. (i) electric circuit
(ii) Insulators
(iii) Static
(iv) Running machines
(v) radio
3. (i) 3
(ii) 1
(iii) 4
(iv) 5
(v) 2
4. (i) C (ii) E
(iii) F
(iv) A (v) B
5. (i) • Gives us news and information.
• It is used to advertise products
and services,
• It is used for entertainment.
• It is used for education.
76
1. Environment is anything that
11. (i) Open pits (ii) Sharp objects
surrounds us.
(iii) Electric faulty lines
2. (i) Plants (iv) Electronics (viii) Water
(iv) Drugs (v) Fire
(ii) Buildings
(v) Stationery
(vi) Robbers and thieves
(ix) Electricity
(iii) Animals
(vii) Unvaccinated animals
(vi) Food
(x) Plastic
(viii) Radiation (ix) Floods
(iv) Furniture
(vii) Cutlery
(x) Diseases
(xi) Vectors
(xii) Pollution
(xiii) Accidents
3. (i) Buildings
(v) Stationery
12. To maintain soil fertility for growing
(viii) Open Space/play ground
our crops.
(ii) Gardens
(vi) Water
13. (i) It gives us fresh air.
(iii) Plants
(vii) Electricity
(ii) It makes our environment
(iv) Furniture
attractive.
4. • A safe environment is the
(iii) It reduces the risk of spreading
environment which has necessary
diseases.
needs for living organisms such as
14. (i) By using the disinfectant.
clean and fresh air.
(ii) By sweeping our surrounding.
• A safe environment is the
(iii) By slashing long grass.
environment which is free from harm.
(iv) By keeping waste in the dust bins.
5. (i) It has clean and fresh air.
(v) By planting trees in our
surroundings.
(ii) It has enough and safe water.
(vi)
By washing hands with clean
(iii) It is safe and secure.
water
and soap regularly.
(iv) It has a good standard of hygiene.
(vii) By cleaning the environment.
(v) It has safe soil.
(viii) Avoiding pollution.
6. (i) Living environment (Biotic
15. (i) Outbreak of diseases.
Environment)
(ii) Loss of life.
(ii) Non-Living environment (Abiotic
(iii) Poor production.
Environment)
(iv) Destruction of property.
7. • A safe environment has necessary
(v) Lack of fresh air.
needs for living organisms while an
unsafe environment has no necessary 16. • Environmental pollution is an act
needs for living organisms.
of adding unwanted material in the
environment.
• A safe environment refers to secure
surroundings.
• Environmental pollution is the
contamination of the environment
• A safe environment is free from
and causing harm.
harm unlike an unsafe environment.
17. Pollutants
8. (i) Plants (ii) Animals
18. (i) Chemicals from industries.
9. (i) Oxygen (ii) Carbon Dioxide
(ii) Sewage water from our homes.
10. • Spread of diseases.
(iii) Leakage of oil from marine
• Destruction of property.
vehicles.
• Death
1
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(iv) Pesticides and insecticides.
27. (i) To prevent the spread of diseases.
(v) Defecation and urination.
(ii) To keep the environment clean.
(vi) Fertilizers
(iii) To avoid the bad smell from the
waste.
(vii) Poison
(iv) To prevent pollution.
19. (i) Smoke
(ii) Dust
(iii) Rotten materials (iv) Odour
28. (i) Diseases will spread easily
(ii) Vectors will have breeding places.
20. • Water pollution is an act of adding
poisonous chemicals in the water.
(iii) The waste will decompose and
give off a bad smell.
• Water pollution is the
contamination of water.
(iv) The environment will be dirty,
untidy and unattractive.
21. (i) It causes diseases.
(v) Contaminants, pollutants and
(ii) It kills acquatic organisms.
poisonous substances may be
(iii) It causes soil erosion.
produced from the waste.
(iv) It reduces production.
29. Waste sorting is the process by which
(v) It causes global warming.
waste is separated into different
(vi) It causes drought.
elements.
(vii) It can lead to famine.
30. (i) It helps to identify recyclable
(viii) It causes acidic rain.
waste material.
(ix) Destruction of habitats.
(ii) It helps to make collection easier.
(x) Loss of soil fertility.
(iii) It helps to prevent harm like
accidents, explosions, poison etc.
22. (i) Deforestation
(ii) Fishing by using chemicals.
31. (i) Used batteries
(iii) Mining activities
(ii) Radioactive waste
(iv) Overgrazing
(iii) Used motor oil (iv) Paint
(v) Construction activities
(v) Used electronics (vi) Cleaning
(vi) Defecation and urination in water
agents
bodies.
(vii) Releasing chemicals and sewage 32. Paper, textile, wood, rubber, plastic
in the open.
33. • They are dry
(viii) Burning rubbish,bushes and
• They catch fire easily.
forests.
34. (i) Glass (ii) Tin cans (iii) Brick
23. Waste
(iv) Ceramics
24. (i) Cooking activities
35. (i) Paper waste (ii) Organic waste
(ii) Leftovers from food
(iii) Electronic waste (iv) Metal waste
(iii) Shoes and feet
36. (i) Incineration (ii) Landfilling
(iv) Chemicals (v) Sewage
(iii) Burning (iv) Chemical treatment
(vi) Bleeding
(v) Crushing (vi) Recycling
25. Waste is unwanted or unused materials.
37. (i) The heat released in the process
26. Waste disposal is the process of
is used to generate electricity and
getting rid of waste.
heat buildings.
2
87. Efficiency =
20
50
Output
Input
× 100%
× 100% = 40%
Efficiency = 40%
88. Workdone = Force × Distance.
400 = F × 50
F = 400 ÷ 50 = 8N
89. Complex machines are machines that
are made up of more than one simple
machine.
90. (i) Cranes
(ii) Bulldozer
(iii) Lawn mowers (iv) Watch
(v) Shears
(vi) car (vii) door lock
(viii) Windlass (ix) Winch
91. (i) They have a higher mechanical
advantage.
(ii) They consist of two or more
simple machines.
(iii) They simplify work.
92. (i) Motion is the action of moving
from one place to another.
(ii) Force is the action of pulling or
pushing tending to change the position
of an object.
93. (i) Tensional force
(ii) Gravitational force
(iii) Compression force
(iv) Stretching force
94. (i) Forces make things move.
(ii) Forces stop moving bodies.
(iii) Forces slow down moving
objects.
(iv) They accelerate the speed.
(v) They change the direction of
objects.
75
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
Velocity ratio = 20
180
60
Effort
Load Distance
6m
=
Load
Mechanical Advantage =
=
Effort Distance
(ii) Velocity ratio =
= 4
1.5 m
(iii) Efficiency of a machine =
= 3
Mechanical Advantage
Velocity ratio
Mechanical Advantage = 3
=
3
= 0.75
4
= 0.75 × 100 % = 75%
74. Work output
Efficiency of Machine = 75%
75. Efficiency of the machine is the
measure of the usefulness of a
82. Efficiency of a machine =
machine to convert its input energy to
full efficiency.
28.4
Mechanical Advantage
=
× 100%
Velocity ratio
42.6
76. (i) Through regular oiling and
greasing.
Efficiency of a machine = 67%
(ii) By keeping the machine clean.
(iii) By replacing and repairing the
83. Work is the measure of energy
worn-out parts of the machine.
transfer when a force moves an
(iv) By checking for any signs of
object through a distance.
wear or diminishing.
84. Workdone = Force × Distance
77. It is because some energy is always
= 2.5 × 5
wasted to overcome friction and to
= 12.5 J
move parts of the machine.
85. Workdone = Force × Distance
78. Input
= 16 N × 4.8 m
Load × Load distance
79. Efficiency =
=
76.8 J
Effort × Effort distance
=
45 N × 0.9 km
250 N × 0.3 km
=
40.5
75
86. Efficieny of a machine =
= 0.54
Mechanical Advantage
Velocity ratio
= 0.54 × 100%
60
Efficiency = 54 %
80. • It resists the effort so extra input is
required to overcome it.
• It causes wear and tear of machines.
81. (i) Mechanical advantage =
=
225 N
75 N
Load
100
=
M.A
25
;
60
100
×100%
=
M.A
25
100 M.A = 60 × 25
M.A = 1500 ÷ 100 = 15
Mechanical Advantage = 15
Effort
= 3
74
(ii) It is used in industrial plants as
an altenative to fossil fuel like in
cement plants.
(iii) It provides employment.
(iv) It helps to dispose of waste.
(ii) Blood
(iii) Amputated parts of the body.
(iv) Used medicine.
(v) Sewage (vi) Used water
48. (i) Smoke (ii) Chemicals
(iii) Used water (iv) Sewage
38. (i) Left over from foods.
(ii) Used water. (iii) Chemicals
(iv) Remains from dead animals.
49. (i) Operations carried out.
(ii) Used materials like bandages.
(iii) Sewage (iv) Left overs from
food (v) Chemicals
39. (i) Used bottles.
(ii) Left over from food.
(iii) Paper (iv) Scrap metal (v) Tyres
50. (i) Chemicals
40. (i) Used oil (ii) Sewage
(ii) Dust
51. (i) Liquid waste (ii) Organic waste
(iii) Gaseous waste
(iv) Solid waste
41. (i) Food left overs.
(ii) Faeces (iii) Plant remains
(iv) Dead animals
52. (i) Death (ii) Drought (iii) Diseases
(iv) Soil erosion (v) Pollution
(vi) Loss of habitats.
42. (i) Plastic (ii) Glass (iii) Metal
43. (i) Used chemical
(ii) Used oil.
53. (i) By providing education to
the people on how to keep their
44. (i) Waste becomes a habitat and
environment clean.
breeding ground for vectors.
(ii) By establishing good drainage
(ii) Waste produces a bad smell
systems.
(iii) Waste can cause death.
(iii) Through recycling.
(iv) Waste pollutes the environment.
(iv) Through proper waste
(v) Waste can destroy the ozone layer.
management.
(vi) Waste produces greenhouse gas.
54. • Air pollution is the presence in the
45. (i) By reducing its production and
air a substance which has a harmful,
environmental impact.
toxic or poisonous effect.
(ii) By treating the waste to prevent
• It is an act of adding poisonous
any toxics and pollutants.
gases in the air.
(iii) By putting waste in the bins
55. (i) Using proper ways of cultivating.
separately.
(ii) Planting trees in bare areas.
(iv) By reusing some of the waste like
(iii) Giving education to the people
cut grass as fertilizer.
about the conservation of the
(v) By recycling.
environment.
(vi) By turning waste int compost
(iv) Discouraging fishing by using
manure.
chemicals, poison and bombs.
(vi) By using waste in biogas.
(v) Protecting sources of water.
46. (i) Food remains (ii) Sewage
56. (i) By planting trees.
47. (i) Used bandages and syringes
(ii) By using dustbins to keep waste
3
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
in our environment.
(iii) By recycling.
(iv) Using alternative energy other
than firewood.
(v) Using alternative fertilizers other
than the ones with chemicals.
57. (i) By sweeping our environment.
(ii) By slashing long grass.
(iii) By using dust bins to keep waste
in our environment.
(iv) Through recycling.
58. (i) Fishing by using chemicals,
poison and bombs.
(ii) Cultivating near water sources.
(iii) Grazing near water sources.
(iv) Mining near water sources.
(v) Waste disposal in water sources.
(vi) Urination and defecation in
water sources.
59. (i) Cholera
(ii) Typhoid
(iii) Bilharzia
(iv) Dysentery
60. (i) It prevents the spread of diseases.
(ii) To enable plants to grow well.
(iii) It improves hygiene and
sanitation.
(iv) It is used for safe consumption.
61. (i) It prevents and reduces the spread
of airborne diseases.
(ii) It gives life to plants and animal.
62. (i) They warm bodies of the
animals.
(ii) They provide energy to plants.
(iii)They help animals to see.
63. (i) Food (ii) Water
(iii) Oxygen gas (air)
(iv) Habitat or shelter
64. (i) Fish
(ii) Crocodile (iii) Frog
(iv) Whale (v) Hippopotamus
(ANY OTHER CORRECT
ANSWERS MUST BE
CONSIDERED)
65. (i) Horse (ii) Dog (iii) Cat
(iv) Cow (v) Donkey (vi) Rabbit
(vii) Goat (viii) Sheep
(ANY OTHER CORRECT
ANSWERS MUST BE
CONSIDERED)
66. (i) Zebra (ii) Lion (iii) Snake
(iv) Monkey
(ANY OTHER CORRECT
ANSWER)
67. (i) For their security. (ii) It
prevents harmful weather.
(iii) To protect them from
danger.
(iv) To produce young ones and look
after them.
68. Aquatic animals are animals that live
in water.
69. (i) Penguins
(ii) Polar Bears
(iii) Caribou
(iv) Seals (ANY
OTHER CORRECT ANSWER
MUST BE CONSIDERED)
70. (i) Shelter (ii) Food (iii) Air
71. (i) They reproduce. (ii) They grow.
(iii) They breathe. (iv) They die.
(v) They move. (vi) They excrete.
(vii) They feed.
72. (i) It gives energy to an animal.
(ii) It is used as medicine.
(iii) It gives nutrients to an animal.
(iv) Food helps an animal to grow.
(v) Food prevents hunger.
73. (i) The grasshoppers will increase in
number.
(ii) The wild cats may die and reduce
in number.
74. vertebrates
75. (i) Mosquito (ii) Spider (iii) Beetle
76. (i) Fish (ii) Birds (iii) Mammals
(iv) Amphibians (v) Reptiles
4
56. (i) In cranes
(ii) In flagpoles
M.A = 1.6
(iii) Curtains in theatres (iv) Elevators
66. Velocity ratio is the ratio of the
(v) Wells
distance travelled by effort to the
57. Fixed pulleys change the direction of
distance travelled by load in the
the load while the movable pulleys
machine.
do not change the direction of the
67. distance ratio
load.
Effort Distance
68. Velocity Ratio =
58. Single fixed pulley
Load Distance
59. (i) They are used to raise flags.
(ii) They are used to lift very heavy
load.
=
400 kg
M.A =
=
70 kg
Effort
20 kg
Load
70. Velocity ratio =
Effort
=
35 kg
63. Mechanical advantage =
Load
7m
40 cm
Effort Distance
Load Distance
= 700 cm = 17.5
40 cm
Velocity ratio = 17.5
Mechanical Advantage (M.A) = 2
15 kg
40 kg
Load
69. The load will move a greater distance.
62. Mechanical advantage =
60 kg
500
Mechanical Advantage = 2
Effort
Mechanical Advantage (M.A) = 4
=
2500
Mechanical Advantage =
Load
100 kg
=
500 cm
=
Velocity Ratio = 5
60. Mechanical advantage is the ratio
of the force produced by a machine
to the force applied to it used in
assessing the performance of the
machine.
61. Mechanical advantage =
25 m
71. Velocity ratio =
Effort
=
= 4
Effort Distance
Load Distance
4800 cm
48 m
=
= 12
400 cm
400 cm
Velocity ratio = 12
Mechanical Advantage (M.A) = 4
72. The farther the effort is away from
64. • When the pulley changes the
the fulcrum, the easier it is to move
direction of the force.
the load.
• If the effort is greater than the load.
• If it is a single fixed pulley.
Effort Distance
73. Velocity ratio =
65. Mechanical Advantage =
=
40 Kg
Load Distance
Load
Effort
=
25 Kg
73
1 km
50 m
=
1000 m
500 m
= 20
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(ANY OTHER CORRECT ANSWERS)
x
=
180
The load arm is 180 cm.
34. levers
35. (i) Pair of scissors
(ii) A claw hammer
(iii) A beam balance
(iv) Seesaw
(v) Weighing balance
(vi) Pliers
36. (i) A bottle opener
(ii) Wheel barrow
(iii) Foot
(iv) Nut cracker
37. (i) Arm (ii) Tongs (iii) Spade
(iv) Baseball bat
(v) Spanner
(vi) Fishing rod
38. The second class of levers
39. Third class of levers
40. (i) Sweeping
(ii) Fishing using a fishing rod.
(iii) Striking a cricket/tennis/
baseball.
(iv) Removing sand from the pit
using a spade.
41. It is because the fulcrum is at the
middle, between the load and effort.
42. fulcrum or pivot
43. Effort
44. Load
45. • For lifting heavy load.
• Levers are used to move objects.
• Levers can be used to exert force.
46. The load force multiplied by the
load arm is equal to the effort force
multiplied by the effort arm.
47. Clock Wise
72 × 60
4320
= Anticlock Wise
=
x × 24
=
24x
48. Force
49. Energy
50. Clock Wise = Anticlock Wise
36 × 4
=
48 × x
144
=
48 x
3 144
48
=
48
48
x = 3m
The girl will sit at 3m.
51. Clock Wise
55 × w
55w
w
w
W =
= Anticlock wise
=
150 × 65
=
9750
=
9750 ÷ 55
=
177.3
177.3N
52. Clock Wise = Anticlock Wise
5 × 2
=
2.5 × x
10
=
2.5x
10 ÷ 2.5
=
x
x = 4 Kg
The weight of the stone was 4 Kg.
53. • A pulley is a wheel with a grooved
rim around which a cord passes
that acts to change the direction of
a force applied to the cord and is
used to raise heavy weight.
• A pulley is a wheel having a
grooved rim which can rotate
freely about an axle through its
centre.
54. (i) Single fixed pulleys
(ii) Single movable pulleys
55. Single fixed pulleys
72
77. (i) They lay eggs
(ii) They are cold blooded animals.
(iii) They use gills to breathe.
• It is because they have a
streamlined body shape.
• They have strong chest muscles and
airsacs that connect to the lungs.
78. (i) Their body is streamlined.
86. It is because they have webbed feet
(ii) They have a lateral line.
that enables them to swim.
(iii) They have fins that help them to
swim.
87. (i) They reproduce their young ones
alive.
(iv) Their body has mucus and
its slippery which reduces
(ii) Their bodies are covered with fur
resistance when swimming.
or hair.
(v) They have gills that are able to
(iii) They feed their young ones on
breathe in water.
breast milk.
(iv) They are warm blooded animals.
79. (i) They have a moist skin.
(v) They use lungs to breathe.
(ii) They are cold blooded animals.
(iii) They lay eggs.
88. (i) Lion (ii) Tiger (iii) Goat
(iv) Monkey (v) Zebra (vi) Camel
80. • They have webbed feet which
enable them to swim.
• They are cold blooded.
• Their skin, gills and lungs help
them to breath in water.
89. Bat
90. (i) Whale (ii) Dolphin
91. egg
81. (i) Crocodile (ii) Snake (iii) Turtle
(iv) Chameleon (v) Tortoise
(vi) Lizard
92. (i) Mining (ii) Agricultural activities
(iii) Deforestation
(iv) Burning rubbish in the open,
forests and bushes.
(v) Fishing using chemicals.
(vi) Releasing sewage, chemicals
into the environment.
(vii) Open defecation and urination.
82. (i) They lay eggs
(ii) They use lungs to breathe.
(iii) They are cold blooded animals
(iv) Their bodies are covered with
scales.
93. (i) Through provision of manure
from animal waste and rotten plants.
(ii) Plants prevent soil erosion.
(iii) Some plants add nutrients to the
soil through their roots.
83. • They have a streamlined body that
enables them to swim easily.
• They have webbed feet that
enables them to swim.
84. (i) They lay eggs.
94. (i) Plants breath in carbondioxide
(ii) They are warm blooded animals.
given out by animals.
(iii) They have two legs and two
(ii) Animals breathe in oxygen
wings.
produced by plants.
85. • It is because they have hollow
(iii) Plants provide food to
bones which are light.
animals.
• It is because they have wings with
(iv) Animals provide nutrients for the
feathers
growth of plants.
5
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
95. A living environment is the
environment which consists of
organisms with life while a non
living environment is the one which
consists of things without life.
or plants which live on or inside
another animal or plant.
Or Parasites are organisms that live
in or on an organism of another
species and benefit by feeding on it.
96. (i) It causes air pollution.
(ii) It leads to the spread of diseases.
(iii) It leads to the death of living
organisms.
(iv) It causes soil erosion.
(v) It leads to global warming.
(vi) It leads to drought.
(vii) It causes acidic rain.
101. Omnivores are animals that feed
on both plants and animals while
herbivores are animals that feeds
on plants only.
(iv) For burning. (v) For roasting.
(vi) To keep vegetables fresh and safe
(vi) They can be used to preserve
without decaying or getting stale.
food.
21. (i) Condenser (ii) Power cable
(vii) They are used for warming.
(iii) Board
(iv) Freezer
(viii) They are used for heating.
(v)
Shelves
(vi) Door
(ix) They are used for smoking meat,
(vii) Compressor
chicken, fish. (x) Helps in baking.
107. (i) They stay in burrows during
extreme cold.
(ii) They have thicker and warmer
fur or feathers.
(iii) They have a translucent, hollow
white fur that helps with camouflage
and insulation.
(iv) They have a thick layer of fat
100. (a) Carnivores are animals that feed
under the skin to keep them warm in
on other animals.
the winter.
Or Carnivores are meat eating
108. By changing its colour to blend in
animals.
with the colour of the environment it
(b) Parasites are small animals
is in (camouflage).
12. (i) Electric cooker
(ii) Gas cooker 22. (i) Use a stabilizer to connect a
refrigerator to the power source.
(iii) Pressure cooker
(ii) Arrange items properly in shelves
13. • It is because they lead to
of the refrigerator.
defforestation which is unnecessary
(iii) If things get cold, switch off the
and destroys the environment.
refrigerator.
• It is because the use of charcoal
(iv) Clean the refrigerator regularly.
stoves causes air pollution.
(v) Wipe the inside and outside of the
14. (i) Stand (ii) Switch
refrigerator until it is clean and dry.
(iii) Burner
(iv) Plate
23. • To prevent the compressor from
running hotter and taking longer to
15. (i) Firewood cookers
cool.
(ii) Charcoal cookers
• To prevent more power being used.
16. (i) Ashes
(ii) Smoke
24. (i) By cleaning them regularly.
17. (i) To make the food easier for
(ii) By using a dry piece of cloth to
the body to digest and absorb the
clean them.
nutrients.
(ii) To improve the taste and absorb 25. To regulate power or voltage of
the nutrients.
electricity.
(iii) To make the food delicious and 26. For them to close very easily.
enjoyable to eat. (iv) To kill germs.
27. A refrigerator
18. (i) Switch off the cooker after use.
28. (i) Simple machine (ii) Complex
(ii) Don’t cook near the flammable
machine
fuels like petrol.
(iii) Avoid cooking near children.
29. simple machines
(iv) Repair and fix any leakages
observed.
30. (i) Pry bar
(ii) Screw driver
(v) Use insulators when holding or
(iii) Wheel barrow
(iv) Broom
lifting hot things.
31. (i) They make work easier.
19. A refrigerator is an electronic device
(ii) They change the direction or
used to keep food and liquids cold.
magnitude of a force.
20. (i) To keep food and drinks cold.
32. (i) Pulleys
(ii) Levers
(ii) To store food and drinks.
(iii) Inclined Plane
(iv) Screw
(iii) To preserve food and drinks for
(v)
Wheel
and
Axle
(vi)
Wedge
a long period of time.
(iv) They are for medical use.
33. (i) Pair of scissors
(ii) Seesaw
(v) They form ice.
(iii) Broom (iv) Stapler
6
71
102. Scavengers
103. herbivores
104. A host is an animal or plant on
which a parasite or organism lives.
97. (i) They influence the formation of
rainfall.
(ii) Plants act as a home or habitat
for some living organisms.
(iii) Plants provide food and
medicine to animals.
(iv) Plants prevent soil erosion.
(v) Plants produce fresh air.
(vi) Plants provide a shed.
105. (i) Living things utilise water for
survival.
(ii) Air is used for breathing by
living things.
(iii) Soil provides a place to grow for
plants and give food to animals.
106. (i) Long eye lashes to prevent sand
from entering its eyes.
(ii) It uses hind legs to kick off its
enemy.
(iii) They have wide feet for walking
on sand.
(iv) They can survive for a long time
without water and food.
(v) They have a long large intestine
that absorbs every drop of water
from the food they eat.
98. (i) Animals provide manure to the soil.
(ii) Some animals provide food to
other animals.
(iii) Animals help in pollination and
seed dispersal.
(iv) Animals are a source of
income.
(v) Animals protect human beings.
(vi) Animals provide transport.
99. (i) They provide food to other
animals.
(ii) They rely on other animals for
protection.
(iii)They depend on each other to
reproduce and look after young ones.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
MAGNETIC ENERGY
11.
1. A magnet is a piece of metal made
up of iron, nickel or cobalt that has
ability to attract and hold some
materials made up of iron, nickel and
cobalt.
2. (i) Iron (ii) Nickel (iii) Cobalt
(ANY OTHER CORRECT ANSWER)
12.
N
3. ferromagnetic materials
N
4. (i) South pole (ii) North pole
Lines of forces of two like magnetic
poles.
5. A magnetic field is the area where
magnetic forces can be experienced.
6. • Magnetism is the ability of magnets 13. • Horseshoe • Bar Magnet
to attract, hold or push objects made
• Round Magnet
up of Iron, cobalt or nickel.
• Magnetism is the force exerted by 14. Neutral Point
magnets when they attract eachother.
MACHINES AND WORK
7. • Glass • Wood • Plastic
• Paper • Copper • Silver
• Platinum • Gold • Magnesium
• Aluminum (ANY OTHER
CORRECT ANSWER)
1. A machine is a device that simplifies work.
2. cooking food
3. (i) Stove cooker (ii) Firewood
cooker
(iii) Charcoal cooker
8. (i) A freely suspended magnet always
(iv) Gas cooker (v) Electric cooker
points in a north-south direction.
(vi) Pressure cooker
(ii) Like magnetic poles repel eachother
(ii) Frying
and unlike magnetic poles attract each 4. (i) Boiling
other.
(iii) Baking (iv) Steaming (v) Roasting
(iii) Magnets attract ferromagnetic
5. Firewood cooker
materials.
6. A pressure cooker is the type of
(iv) The force of attraction of a
cooker used to cook food using high
magnet is greater at its poles than in
pressure steam.
the middle.
7. Electric cooker
9. The poles
10. (i) It generates and produces electricity. 8. Charcoal cooker / Charcoal stove
(ii) It is used in compass directions.
(iii) Magnets are used as door locks.
(iv) They are used in speakers.
(v) It is used in MRI machines to
scan human bodies.
109. (i) They have gills to get oxygen
from water.
(ii) Have fins which help them to
swim in the water easily.
(iii) They have a layer of fat under
their skin to keep them warm in the
water.
(iv) They have a streamlined body
shape that allows them to swim in the
water easily.
(v) They have a swim bladder and
flippers that ease their movement in
water so as not to sink.
(vi) Some have webbed feet for
swimming.
118. Wind
119. Carbon dioxide
120. Argon
121. (i) It is a colourless gas.
(ii) It is ordourless.
(iii) It is tasteless.
(iv) It is an inert gas.
(v) It has low solubility in water.
(vi) It has poor conductivity of heat
and electricity.
122. It cannot react with other elements to
form compounds.
123. • Soil is the mixture of organic
matter, minerals, gases, liquids and
110. Air is the mixture of different gases.
organisms that together support
life.
111. (i) Oxygen (ii) Carbondioxide
• Soil is the upper layer of the earth
(iii) Nitrogen (iv) Neon
in which plants grow.
(v) Hydrogen
(vi) Carbon monoxide (vii) Helium
(viii) Argon
(ix) Water vapour
112. (i) For breathing.
(ii) Air is used by plants during
photosynthesis.
(iii) It sustains life and growth.
(iv) It helps to maintain temperature.
(v) Air is the supplier of energy.
(vi) Oxygen supports burning of fire.
(vii)It helps in preserving beverages.
113. Nitrogen gas
114. Oxygen
115. Carbondioxide
10. Stove cooker / kerosene stove /
paraffin stove
116. (i) Air has weight
(ii) Air occupies space.
(iii) Air has no smell.
(iv) Air is invisible.
(v) Air has no colour.
(vi) Air has no definite shape and
volume.
11. (i) For cooking food.
(ii) For
boiling water.
(iii) For frying.
117. (i) Ball (ii) Balloon (iii) Tyre
(iv) Mattress (v) Hot air balloon
9. Gas cookers
70
124. (i) Clay soil (ii) Loam soil
(iii) Sandy soil
125. (i) Water
(ii) Minerals
(iii) Organic matter (iv) Air
126. Clay soil
127. Loam soil
128. (i) To carry out agricultural activities.
(ii) For construction of buildings.
(iii) For pottery.
(iv) For medicine.
(v) Manufacturing of beauty products.
129. • Soil fertility supplies essential
plant nutrients and water in
adequate amounts.
• Soil fertility helps seeds and
plants to grow well.
130. Soil texture is the smoothness or
roughness of soil.
131. (i) Soil drainage
(ii) Soil C (iii) Soil B (iv) Soil A
(v) Soil C
7
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
132. Sandy soil
(ii) By enforcing environmental
laws.
(iii) Through reafforestation and
afforestation.
(iv) By avoiding
cutting down trees.
(v) By avoiding bush burning.
(vi) By using alternative sources of
fuel instead of firewood.
133. Sandy soil
134. (i) Mining (ii) Over grazing
(iii) Road construction
(iv) Agricultural activities
(v) Deforestation
(vi) Burning of forests and bushes.
143. Sanitation is the general
cleanliness.
135. (i) Poor internal drainage.
(ii) Soil acidity (iii) Soil erosion
(iv) Floods
(v) Weather changes
(vi) Climatic factors (vii) Pollution
(viii) Poor farming methods.
144. (i) By bathing everyday.
(ii) By wearing clean clothes.
(iii) Through proper waste disposal.
(iv) Promoting good hygiene
136. Soil erosion is the washing away of
through education.
top soil from one area to another.
(v) Through proper hand washing
with soap.
137. (i) Deforestation (ii) Over grazing
(vi) By providing toilet and
(iii) Mining (iv) Bush burning
latrine facilities. (vii) By avoiding
(v) Running water (vi) Land slides
pollution.
138. (i) Through afforestation.
145. • To prevent diseases.
(ii) By avoiding bush burning.
• To make our environment look
(iii) By mulching.
good, safe and clean.
(iv) By planting cover crops.
146. Personal hygiene is the cleanliness
(v) By practising good and proper
of a person’s body and clothing.
methods of farming.
147. (i) By bathing or showering.
139. Soil conservation is the action of
(ii) By brushing your teeth.
protecting and preserving the soil.
(iii) By combing your hair.
140. (i) Through afforestation.
(iv) By cutting finger nails short.
(ii) By mulching.
(v) By washing your hands.
(iii) By using good methods of
148. • You can eat bacteria found within
agriculture.
finger nails that spread diseases.
(iv) By providing organic manure to
• You may hurt your gums since
the soil.
finger nails are sharp.
141. (i) To prevent soil erosion.
(ii) To keep the structure of the land 149. • To protect our bodies from
diseases.
shape.
• To stay clean and tidy.
(iii) It helps to increase fertility of
the soil.
150. (i) By bathing daily.
(iv) It helps to increase the
(ii) By cutting finger nails short.
productivity of the soil.
(iii) By keeping hair short.
(iv) By washing and ironing
142. (i) By controlling forest fires .
8
naturally replaced when used up.
23. fossil
7. Non renewable resources are
24. Hotspring
resources that cannot be replaced once
25. It is because when fossil fuels are
used up.
used and get finished they cannot be
8. Biogas is a biofuel which is produced
replaced.
naturally by the biological breakdown
26. • They are eco-friendly.
of organic matter in the absence of
• They are easy to maintain.
oxygen gas.
• Renewable energy doesn’t run out
9. (i) Methane (ii) Carbon dioxide
or get finished.
10. To collect and filter gas and store it.
27. • Heat energy
11. Gas collecting tank
• Sound energy
• Mechanical energy
12. (i) It is used for heating, i.e. cooking,
warming.
• Light energy
(ii) Production of electricity by
28. (i) It is environmentally friendly.
generators.
(ii) It is readily available all the time
(iii) It is used as a fuel.
incase the dam has water.
(iii)
It is renewable.
13. Biogas is produced by micro
organisms through anaerobic
29. • It is expensive to build the
digestion.
generation plant for electricity.
14. Solar energy
• Water levels may drop in the dam.
• It affects marine life.
15. To convert sunlight into electricity.
16. For more absorption of sun light rays 30. Steam and hot water underground.
and a more effective and efficient
31. • It is renewable.
production of power.
• It's running costs are low.
17. By absorbing and trapping solar
32. • It's sources are found only in a few
energy through the space left and
places.
special traps in built in them for
• Starting a geothermal energy plant
attracting solar energy from the sun.
is expensive.
18. By reflecting the light directed
towards the absorbing surface hence 33. • It is cheaper to run
• It can be used anytime.
production of energy.
• It is environmental friendly.
19. Hydro-electric power (H.E.P)
34. • It is expensive initially.
20. If it rains the solar energy may not
• It depends on natural source.
be available to help produce power.
21. wind mill
22. • They prevent water from draining
into the soil.
• They do not decay.
69
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
30000
200 × 150
Ω
=
=
350
200 + 150
RT =
RT1 and RT2 are in series.
RT = RT1 + RT2
=
25000
=
350
30000
+
350
18
= 1800 = 450
1.24
124
31
then
R = 450 ; R = 450 × 3 Ω
31
31
3
R = 43.55 Ω
55000
=
350
1100
= 0.064 A
7
1100
I = 10 ÷
= 0.064 A.
7
Resistance (R) = 43.55 Ω
=
71. (i) R = ?, R1 = R, R2 = 0.9R,
R3 = 1.05R
1 = 1 + 1 + 1
R2 R3
RT1 R1
=
72. R1 = 4 Ω, R2 = 6 Ω, R3 = 12 Ω
RT = R1 + R2 + R3
RT = 4 Ω + 6 Ω + 12 Ω
RT = 22 Ω
V = 22 × 0.5 = 11.0
V = 11 V
1 + 1 + 1
R 0.9R 1.05R
1 = 1.05 + 0.945 + 0.9 = 2.895
0.945R
RT1
0.945R
RT1 = 189 R
579
189
1737R + 189R
RT = 3R +
R =
579
579
RT = 1926 R , then
579
32 V ; 1926 R = 3200
579
265
2.65 A
R = 3200 × 579 = 1852800
1926 × 265
510390
RT =
Resistance = 3.63Ω
RENEWABLE ENERGY
1. Renewable energy is energy from a
source that is not depleted.
2. (i) Wind (ii) Solar (iii) Biomass
(iv) Geothermal
3. (i) It is produced using natural
resources.
(ii) It is capable of regeneration.
(iii) It is always available for use.
4. (i) Renewable energy is used for
power production.
(ii) It is used for heating and cooling
in buildings.
(ii) 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 5. Renewable energy can be recycled or
R R R
R1
R2
R3
RT
renewed for further uses while nonrenewable energy can not be used
1 = 3 ; R = R
further.
T
R
3
RT
6. A renewable resource is a resource
68
clothes.
(v) By brushing your teeth.
sleep.
(iv) Take a balanced diet.
(v) Regular medical checkup.
151. (i) To prevent diseases.
(ii) To look smart.
160. (i) By getting medical care when
sick.
(ii)Through regular body check-up.
(iii) By eating a balanced diet.
(iv) Through regular exercise.
(v) By keeping proper hygiene and
sanitation.
152. (i) Taking a bath.
(ii) Brushing the teeth.
(iii) Cleaning the face, eyes, ears
and the nose.
(iv) Washing your clothes and
wearing clean clothes.
161. A healthy person is a person who is
not sick.
153. (i) Scorpion
(ii) House flies
(iii) Cockroaches (iv) Mosquitoes 162. (i) Lack of body exercise.
(ii) Smoking
(v) Bugs (vi) Lice (vii) Fleas
(iii) Taking unbalanced diet.
(ANY OTHER CORRECT
ANSWERS)
(iv) Drug abuse. (v)Alcoholism
(vi) Maintaining poor hygiene and
154. (i) Soap
(ii) Insecticides
sanitation.
(iii) Poisoned bait/poisonous bait
163. (i) Taking a bath. (ii) Caring for
(iv) Pesticides (v) Disinfectant
and cleaning the hair and nails.
155. (i) Diarrhoea (ii) Dysentery
(iii) Cleaning the face, eyes, ears
(iii) Cholera
(iv) Typhoid
and nose. (iv) Regular exercise.
(v) Leprosy
(v) Eating a balanced diet.
(vi)Maintaining good hygiene and
156. (i) Locusts
proper sanitation.
(ii) Butterfly at larvae stage.
(iii) Grasshoppers
164. Hygiene is maintaining and keeping
cleanliness.
157. (i) By using insecticides .
(ii) By keeping the environmental 165. (i) To prevent the body from
diseases.
clean.
(ii) To avoid a dirty environment.
(iii) By destroying the larva
(iii)To maintain cleanliness.
stage.
(iv) By introducing organisms that 166. (i) It prevents diseases.
prey on harmful insects.
(ii) It helps to us to look smart and
(v) Through poisoned bait.
clean.
(vi) Through field burning.
167. (i) By washing them.
(vii) By using traps.
(ii) By keeping them properly.
158. (i) Typhoid
(ii) Dysentery
(iii) By ironing them.
(iii) Cholera
(iv) Trachoma
168. (i) Cotton fibres (ii) Linen fibres
159. (i) Maintain a clean body and clean
169. nylon, tetron, polyester
surroundings.
(ii) Body exercise. (iii) Rest and 170. (i) Wool (ii) Silk
(iii)Leather
9
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
171. Moth
vaccinated or immunized.
(iv) Through changing their clothes
and washing them.
(v) Should be taken to hospital
immediately they are sick.
(vi) By giving them parental care.
172. • To loosen the dirt.
• To remove stains.
173. • To kill germs.
• To remove the folded parts.
• To make clothes smart and attractive. 182. (i) Regular clinic check-up.
(ii) Breastfeeding them.
174. • To make them clean, smart and
attractive.
(iii) Vaccination and immunization
• To prevent diseases.
(iv) Parental care
• To remove stains and dirt.
183. (i) Immunity of the elderly is low.
(ii) They have lost most of their
175. (i) Taking a bath.
teeth.
(ii) Washing clothes.
(iii) Some have lost the ability to
(iii) Brushing our teeth.
see.
(iv) Washing our hands with soap
(iv) Some of their sense organs are
and water.
impaired.
(v) Cutting the finger nails short.
(v) They move slowly than before.
176. Health services are the medication
and nutrition provided to the people. 184. (i) Eating a balanced diet.
(ii) Caring for them.
177. (i) Antenatal care
(iii) Regularly check-up at the
(ii) Family planning
hospital.
(iii) Vaccination
(iv) Taking their medication.
(iv) Regular attendance in special
(v) Special gadgets to enable them
clinics.
see, hear and move easily.
178. (i) Children and babies
(vi) Giving them companionship.
(ii) Pregnant women
185. (i) They need close attention and care.
(iii) Lactating mothers
(ii) They have a low immunity.
(iv) Elderly people
186. (i) A balanced diet
179. (i) Regular attendance to the clinics.
(ii) Treatment and medication.
(ii) Having a balanced diet.
(iii) Resting and sleep.
(iii) Vaccination
187. (i) By giving them a balanced diet.
(iv) Light physical exercises.
(ii) By assisting them to walk, move
(v) Prenatal and antenatal care.
and feed.
180. • In order to give immunity and
(iii) By giving them free treatment at
nutrients to the child.
the hospital.
• Since the child can’t eat regularly,
(iv) By providing special care
he or she should be breast fed.
equipment to them.
181. (i) By breastfeeding them.
188. • Because it can pollute the
(ii) By giving them a balanced diet.
environment.
(iii) By making sure they are
• Because it can lead to global
10
R = 6V / 0.2A = 60 / 2 = 30 Ω
R = 30 Ω
67. R = 120 Ω, V = 480 V, I = ?
From Ohm’s law.
V = IR, R = V/I. = 480 ÷ 120 = 4 Ω
I = 4Ω
53. High voltage electricity is the
electricity with the potential large
enough to cause injury or damage.
68. R = ?
I = 0.13A V = 52 V
From Ohm’s Law.
R = V / I, = 52V ÷ 0.13A
(i) To prevent electrical injuries.
R = 400 Ω
(ii) To avoid destruction of electrical
R = 400 Ω
appliances.
69. V = 180V, I = 0.5A,
R=?
A circuit breaker is an automatic
From Ohm’s Law.
device for stopping the flow of
current in an electric circuit as a
180
1800
safety measure.
R = V
I
0.5
5
Live wire
R = 360 Ω
To return electricity to the electric
source.
70. (i) R1 = 10 Ω, R2 = 2 Ω,
Live wire
R3 = 1 Ω
1
1
1 + 1 + 1 = 1 + 5 + 10
(i) Wiring errors.
= + 1 + 1 = 10
RT R1 R2 R3
2 1
10
(ii) Poor regulation of a power
1 16
8
source from a utility company.
RT = 10 = 5
(iii) Uneven or varying circuit
RT = 5
loading.
8
54. (i) Circuit breaker
(iii) Fuse
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
(ii) Earth wire
RT = 0.625 Ω
61. To interrupt the current flow after a
fault is detected.
From Ohm’s law.
62. A fuse is a safety device consisting
V
9
of a strip of wire that melts and
I =
=
= 14.4A
R
0.625
breaks an electric circuit if the
current exceeds a safe level.
The current is 14.4 A
63. A fuse breaks an electric circuit if the
current exceeds a safe level.
(ii) R1 = 250 Ω, R2 = 100 Ω, R1 // R2
64. A strip of wire inside it melts.
65. Lightning is the occurence of a
natural electrical discharge of very
short duration and high voltage
between a cloud and the ground
or with a cloud, accompanied by
a bright flash and typically also
thunder.
66. To protect the building from lightning.
67
1 = 1 + 1 ,
RT1
R1
R2
RT1 =
250 × 100
=
250 + 100
25000
Ω
350
RT2 =
R3 × R4
R3 + R4
R1 × R2
R1 + R2
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
power source.
(c) It is an electrical circuit that is not 37.
complete.
38.
25. It is because to prevent accidental
contact with other conductors of
39.
electricity which might result in an
unintentional electric current through
those other conductors.
26. Heater, Electric bell, Loud speaker,
Generator, Electric bulb
27. parallel
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
electric current in the circuit.
resistance
ohm
When bulbs are connected in the
parallel circuit, total equivalent
resistance decreases and the flow of
electrons in the circuit increases.
40. electrons
41. ammeter
42. A dynamo produces electricity when
(i) Parallel circuit (ii) Series electric
the magnet moves in a coil of wire,
circuit
it changes mechanical energy into
electric energy.
Parallel circuit
43. Ampere (A)
They will keep working and lighting.
44. An electric current is the continous
Parallel circuit
flow of electrons in an electric
circuit.
• A parallel electrical circuit has two
or more paths for current to flow
45. Voltage is the potential difference
through the circuit, while a series
across a cell, electrical supply or
electrical circuit has a single path
electrical component.
for current to flow through the
circuit.
46. It means voltage difference between
any two points in a circuit.
• In a parallel electrical circuit the
voltage is the same across each
47. Voltmeter is an instrument used to
component in the circuit, while in
measure electric potential in volts.
the series electrical circuit the total
voltage is equal to the sum of the
48. Volts (V)
individual voltage drop across each
component.
49. By using a voltmeter when you
connect it to both terminals of a
• In a parallel electrical circuit the
battery.
sum of currents through each path
is equal to the total current that
50. It states that the electric current
flows from the source, while in a
is proportional to the voltage and
series electrical circuit the current is
inversely proportional to resistance.
the same through each component
in the circuit.
51.
• light
• heat
• sound.
V
Ohm ( Ω )
I
R
(i) Electric bulb or Light bulb
(ii) Heater
52.V = 6V, I = 0.2A, R = ?,
From Ohm’s law, V = IR,
then R = V/I
36. Resistance is the opposition of
66
warming.
• Because it can cause fire
accidents.
189. incinerator
190. (i) It should not be built near water
sources to avoid pollution.
(ii) It must be built away from
human settlement.
(iii) It should be constructed away
from electric lines.
191. A healthy person is mentally and
physically well.
192. •
•
•
•
Eating well
Sleeping well
Exercising
Resting
193. Carbohydrates
194. (i) Rice (ii) Bananas (iii) Ugali
(iv) Oats (v) Maize (vi) Potatoes
195. • They give heat to the body.
• They provide energy to the body.
• Dairy products
196. (i) Dairy products (ii) Nuts
(iii) Fatty meat
197. Proteins
198. (i) Fish (ii) Chicken (iii) Beans
(iv) Eggs
199. • Inorder to build the body.
• To replace worn out tissues.
(v) Iron
204. • It regulates the body temperature.
• It helps in the digestion of food.
• It helps the body remove waste
from it.
• It adds minerals to the body.
205. It is because it gives them energy as
they tend to play a lot.
206. Fruits and vegetables.
207. It is because they use less energy
to do their work and spend much of
their time seated behind the desk.
208. • To improve the health of the
growing embryo in the stomach
and mother.
• To prevent the risk of giving birth
to unhealthy baby.
• In order for both her and the baby
to stay healthy.
209. • It is because they sweat a lot and
need to replace the sweat with
the water but also help them with
digestion.
• It is because they need a lot of
energy to do their work.
210. • It is because it gives them calcium,
Vitamin A and D which help to
build and strengthen their bones
and teeth.
• It is because they are growing very
fast and so they need food rich in
protein.
• In order to give them good health.
200. (i) Spinach (ii) Okra (iii) Cucumber 211. • Dietary requirements should be
followed.
(iv) Eggplant
•
A
balanced diet should be served to
201. (i) Bananas (ii) Oranges (iii)
them.
Guavas (iv)Mangoes (ANY
• Enough water and other fluids
OTHER CORRECT ANSWERS)
should be given to the patient.
202. (i) Calcium (ii) Phosphorous
212. • In order to strengthen her muscles.
203. (i) Calcium (ii) Sodium
• So that she can control body
weight.
(iii) Magnesium (iv) Potassium
11
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
• In order to stay healthy.
213. • A person can become sick easily.
• There will be increased body
weight leading to obesity and
poor body shape.
• The body system may fail to
function properly.
• You may get depression and
stress.
• A person may suffer burn out,
poor judgement and thinking.
214. • To prevent diseases.
• To increase body immunity.
• To have good health.
• To refresh the body, mind and
soul.
223. (i) Great loss of weight.
(ii) Stunted growth
(iii) Hanging and shrinking of the
skin.
(iv) The body becomes thin and
weak.
224. rickets
225. Lack of iodine in the diet.
226. By eating food rich in iron.
227. (i) Persistent body tiredness and
fatigue. (ii) Headache
(iii) Fast breathing.
(iv) Pale or yellowish skin
(v) Dizziness
(vi) Chest pain and pain in other
parts of the body.
215. Malnutrition is the poor health
condition which is caused by poor
228. night blindness
nutrition and lack of a balanced diet.
229. scurvy
216. • Not having enough to eat.
• Not eating enough of the right food. 230. eating food rich in Vitamin A
• Poor diet or digestive condition.
231. Growth is the body increase.
217. (i) It changes body mass.
(ii) Poor wound healing.
(iii) It causes severe weight loss.
(iv) Organ failure.
232. Development
218. By eating a balanced diet.
235. (i) Anthropods (ii) Worms
(iii) Molluscs
219. kwashiorkor
220. (i) Retarded growth and loss of
weight.
(ii) Weak, smooth and colourless
hair.
(iii) Swelling of abdomen, legs,
head and face.
(iv) The head and stomach look
bigger than normal.
221. By eating a balanced diet and food
rich in proteins.
222. lack of carbohydrates in the body
233. (i) Food
(ii) water
234. invertebrates
236. (i) Have six jointed legs.
(ii) Have three main body parts.
(iii) Have wings.
(iv) Have exoskeleton.
(v) Have compound eyes.
(vi) Have one pair of antennae.
237. (i) Housefly (ii) Bee (iii) Cockroach
(iv) Butterfly (v) Grasshopper
(vi) Mosquito
(vii) Wasp
(viii) Dragonfly
(ix) Beetle
(x) Praying Mantis
12
60. Convex mirrors
61. (i) It makes the water depth appear
shallower than its real depth.
(ii) It makes objects in water appear
with an abnormal shape.
(iii) It makes the stars twinkle at
night.
(iv) Dispersion of light.
(v) Formation of rainbow.
(vi) Mirage formation.
the movement of electrons while in
current electricity the electrons are
moving inside the conductor.
11. (i) Electric vehicles (ii) Lamps
(iii) Fan
(iv) Torch
12. An electrical appliance is a device or
machine which uses electricity for its
functioning.
13. Insulators
62. It is because the image formed is
diminished and erect which provides
the driver with a larger view to know
better about the traffic behind.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
1. Electrical energy is the energy
propagated through the passage of
charge.
14. (i) Air conditioner (ii) Dish washer
(iii) Radio (iv) Television
(v) Refrigerator (vi) Microwave
15. (i) Copper
(ii) Gold
(iii) Iron
(iv) Aluminum
(v) Steel
16. A battery supplies electrical current
to a motor vehicle.
17. (i) Remote control
(ii) Lamp or Lighting bulb
(iii) Radio (iv) Torch
2. (i) Dry cell (ii) Dynamo
(iii) Generator (iv) Battery (v) Wind 18. An electric circuit is the path for
(vi) Sun
(vii) Water
transmitting electric current.
3. (i) It is used to run machines and
19. (i) Bulb
(ii) Switch
other electrical appliances.
(iii) Dry cell / battery (iv) Wire
(ii) For lighting. (iii) For cooling
20. (i) Dry cell
(ii) Battery
and refrigeration.
(iii) Dynamo
(iv) To run transportation vehicles.
like cables,trains etc.
21.
(v) Operating appliances like
computers and electronic machines.
(vi) To run communication equipment 22. It acts as the means of passage of
like cellphone towers.
electric charges.
4. Electrical appliances
5. Coal, Natural gas, Uranium
6. Generators
7. Sunlight
8. electrons
9. Lightning
10. Static electricity does not involve
23.
+
- +
- +
-
24. (a) It is an electrical circuit that
allows a current to travel along an
unintended path with no or very low
electrons.
(b) It is an electrical circuit that
contains a complete path between the
positive and negative terminals of its
65
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
reversal.
53. (i) The image appears with the same
size as that of an object.
(iii) Light rays striking the mirror
make the angle of reflection equal to
(ii) The distance from the image to
the angle of incidence.
the mirror is equal to the distance of
the object from the plane mirror.
(iv) Plane mirrors have a shiny,
smooth and polished surface.
(iii) They only produce virtual images.
44. Normal ray
54. • Real images are formed by
intersection of two real rays of light
45. • The incident ray is the one falling
while virtual images are formed by
from the source to the mirror while
intersection of two rays virtually.
the reflected ray is the one which is
• Real images can be taken on a
reflected when light falls on a plane
screen while virtual images cannot
mirror.
be taken on screen.
• The incident ray is a ray of light
• Real images are inverted while
that strikes a surface while the
virtual images are always upright.
reflected ray is the ray that represents
•
Real images are formed infront of
the light reflected by the surface.
a mirror, while virtual images are
46.
formed behind the mirror.
A
55. (i) Concave mirrors diverge light
rays away.
(ii) The image appears smaller than
the real size of the object.
(iii) Concave mirrors can be
enlarged, reduced or the same size as
the object.
(iv) Concave mirrors can produce
both real and virtual images.
(ANY OTHER CORRECT
ANSWERS SHOULD BE
CONSIDERED)
238. (i) Head (ii) Thorax (iii) Abdomen
239. (i) To feel. (ii) To smell. (iii) To hear.
240. (i) Wings
larvae stage which then changes to
the pupa. The pupa then grows into an
adult insect.
254. (i) Eggs
255.
(ii) Nymph
(iii) Adult
Pupa
(ii) Legs
241. ovipositor
Adult
242. lay
243. (i) Octopus (ii) Snails (iii) Clams
(iv) Squids
Larva
Eggs
244. (i) Butterfly (ii) Housefly
(iii) Locust (iv) Cockroach
(v) Grasshopper (vi) Crab
256. (i) Larva (ii) Pupa
257. Cockroaches, grasshoppers, locusts,
245. (i) They have an exo skeleton.
termites, crickets, lice, praying
(ii) They have a segmented body.
mantis (ANY OTHER CORRECT
(iii) They have appendages on atleast
ANSWER)
one segment.
57. (i) Convex mirrors converge light
rays while concave mirrors diverge
light rays.
50. An image is an optical appearance or
(ii) Convex mirrors are used to
counterpart produced by light from
correct long sightedness while
an object reflected in a mirror or
concave mirrors are used to correct
refracted through a lens.
short sightedness.
51. (i) Virtual image (ii) Real image
(iii) Convex mirrors produce only
virtual images while concave mirrors
52. (i) The angle of incidence is equal to
produce both real and virtual images.
the angle of reflection.
(ii) When light rays fall on the plane 58. Convex mirrors
mirror reflection occurs.
59. Concave mirrors
246. The inability to regulate and maintain 258. It because they want to reproduce
young ones.
constant core temperature.
259. Tadpole
247. Birds and mammals
260. When the male frog mounts the female
248. 4 or four
frog, the female frog is stimulated and
249. (i) Egg
releases unfertilized eggs which are
fertilized by the sperms from a male
(ii) Larva
frog from outside in water. The spawn
(iii) Pupa
is held together by a jelly like material
(iv) Adult
and floats on water until it matures.
250. (i) Houseflies
(ii) Ants
261. 3 days
(iii) Butterflies (iv) Bees
262. The eggs take 2 to 3 weeks to hatch.
(v) Mosquitoes (vi) Moths
The tadpole will come out of the egg
(vii) Beetles (ANY OTHER
with its head, abdomen and tail. The
CORRECT ANSWERS SHOULD
tadpole can’t swim at this stage. The
BE CONSIDERED)
tadpole first develops external gills
251. maggots, caterpillars
which later are shedded and internal
252. Chrysalis
gills are developed. The legs grow
at about 5 weeks. The tadpole then
253. After the mating of a male and female
starts to swim effectively. At this stage
insect, the eggs are laid after they are
the lungs have grown and the tail is
fertilized. The eggs hatch into the
64
13
47. Angle of incidence
48. The angle of reflection is the angle
between the normal line and the
reflected ray.
49. • They are used in periscope for
signalling.
• They are used in kaleidoscopes to
see around dangerous bends.
• They are used in motor vehicles
to get the back view of objects and
other vehicles.
56. (i) They converge light rays together.
(ii) They only produce virtual
images.
(iii) They can not create an image
larger than the object.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
dropped off. The tadpole continues 266. (i) Water (ii) Air (iii) Soil
to mature in water but later leaves
(iv) Sunlight (v) Minerals
the water for land as a mature frog
only to return as a fully grown frog to
reproduce.
263. Ecology is the study of the
relationship between plants, animals,
people and their environment.
264. An ecosystem is the community
of living organisms in conjuction
with non-living components of
their environment, interacting as a
system.
28.
29.
265. Biotic environment includes living
things while abiotic environment
includes non-living things.
UNIT 2: CHANGES AND STATES OF WATER
1. H2O
2. Oxygen
3. produce or generate
4. (i) It is odourless. (ii) It is tasteless.
(iii) It is colourless.
(iv) It is a universal solvent.
1000C and 00C respectively.
(v) It is a universal solvent.
9. The freezing point of water is 00C.
10. Ice
30.
11. Melting is the change of matter from
solid to liquid form.
12. (i) It has a definite shape.
5. (i) Liquid state for example
(ii) It is hard.
water.
(iii) It is too cold. (iv) It defrosts and
(ii) Solid state for example ice.
melts when the temperature increases.
(iii) Gaseous state for example vapour.
13. (a)
6. (i) It is used for drinking.
(ii) It is used for irrigation.
(iii) It is used for cooling
machines.
(iv) It is used for domestic and
industrial purposes.
(b)
7. Freezing is the change of state from
liquid to solid for example the change
of water to ice.
8. (i) It is tasteless. (ii) It is colourless.
(iii) It is odourless.
(iv) Its boiling and freezing points are
31.
32.
33.
34.
14
when light rays are obstructed from 35. (i) They diverge light.
passing through an opaque object.
(ii) They correct short sightedness.
(iii) Concave lenses are thinner in the
• When light rays fall onto an
middle than at the edge.
opaque object, they are obstracted
from passing through it hence
(iv) Concave lenses produce images
formation of an image that
that are upright, diminished and virtual.
resembles the opaque object.
36. Focus
• Shadows are made by blocking
37. • They are used to correct short
light. Light rays travel from a
sightedness.
source in straight lines. If an opaque
object gets in the way, it stops the
• Concave lenses are used to make
light rays from travelling through it,
things look clearer.
this results in an area of darkness.
38. (i) Telescope (ii) Microscope
• Shadows are shortest in the
(iii) Eye glasses
(iv) Cameras
afternoon and longest in the morning
(v) Binoculars
(vi) Hand held
and evening.
magnifying glass
• Shadows are longest in the early
(vii) Graphoscope
morning and late afternoon or early
(viii) Dome magnifier
evening when the sun appears low
in the sky and are shortest at noon 39. (i) It is a magnifying lens.
when the sun appears highest in the
(ii) It converges light rays.
sky.
(iii) It can cause burning of
• Lens is a transparent glass which
materials.
refracts rays of light when passing
(iv) A convex lens is thicker in the
through it.
middle than at the edges.
• Lens is a piece of glass or other
(v) A convex lens has images that are
transparent material with curved
upright, virtual, decreasing in size
sides for concentrating or dispersing
and larger than the object.
light rays used singly or with other
lenses.
40. (a) (i) Convex lenses are used to
converge light rays while concave
(i) Concave lens (ii) Convex lens
lenses are used to diverge light rays.
(ii) Concave lenses correct myopia
• To correct eye defects.
while convex lenses correct
• Lenses are used in the making
hypermetropia.
of different objects like camera,
(b) Concave lens.
telescopes, spectacles etc.
• Lenses are used in magnifying
41. (i) Convex lens (ii) Concave lens
images.
42. • A plane mirror is a mirror used in
• Using a lens requires you to be
giving the real image of an object.
extra careful and the need for regular
• A plane mirror is a mirror with a
monitoring.
flat surface.
• They can easily be lost or damaged.
43. (i) They give an image, equal in the
• They require replacement when
same size and distance of the object.
worn out.
(ii) Images formed by the plane mirror
convex, concave
are virtual, upright with a left - right
63
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
UNIT 11: ENERGY, MACHINES AND WORK
1. to see
16. Opaque
2. photosynthesis
17. (i) Parchment paper
(ii) Butter paper (iii) Baking paper
(iv) Ground glass (v) Thin sheets
of plastic (vi) Wax paper
(vii) Frosted glass (viii) Tinted
glass (ix) Sunglasses
3. (i) Fire flies (ii) Sun
(iv) Lightning
(v) Glow worms
(iii) Stars
4. chemical
5. (i) Fire (ii) Candle (iii) Torch
(iv) Telephone screen
(v) Television screen (vi) Bulb
6. straight
7. light energy
8. •
•
•
•
It travels in a straight line.
It is the fastest energy.
It can be reflected.
It can be refracted.
9. beam
10. • Sun • Bulb
• Lamp
• Fire • Star
• Candle
• Glowing insects • Tube light
18. reflection
19. white
20. • The angle of incidence is equal to
the angle of reflection.
• The incident ray, the reflected ray
and the normal line at the point of
incidence all lie on the same plane.
• When a ray of light reflects off a
surface, the angle of incidence is
equal to the angle of reflection.
21. Reflection of light is the bouncing
of light rays off an object while
refraction of light is the bending of
light rays while passing through an
object.
22. (i) Water (ii) Clear glass (iii) Air
refraction
(iv) Chiffon (v) Eye glasses
(vi) Aquarium
(vii) Window pane
translucent
(viii)
Transparent
plastic
sun
(ix) Clear quartz crystal
• It is because corners are obscured
from our view as light doesn’t bend 23. polished, smooth, shiny
around corners making us not to see.
24. (i) Stone (ii) Wall (iii) Iron sheet
• It is because light doesn’t bend
(iv) Mountain (ANY OTHER
around corners as it only travels in
CORRECT ANSWERS)
a straight line.
25. They block light rays hence
15. (i) To disperse light into seven colours.
formation of the shadow.
(ii) To show that when light passes
26. • Glow worm • Fire fly
through the air to water droplets it
can form a rainbow or spectrum.
27. • A shadow is a dark area or shape
produced by a body coming
(iii) To show that white light is made
between rays of light and a surface.
up of different colours.
• A shadow is a dark image formed
11.
12.
13.
14.
62
(c)
26. • A physical change is the change
of the matter’s appearance without
altering the chemical combination.
• A change of matter that does
not lead to a formation of new
substances.
27. (i) Change of liquid water to ice.
(ii) Candle burning.
The molecules vibrate increasing
(iii) Formation of clouds from
the internal kinetic energy and cause
evaporation.
water to evaporate leading to the
(iv) Dissolution of sugar, salt in
changing of water to vapour.
solvent.
Evaporation
(v) Melting of metals.
• It floats in air.
(vi) Grinding of cereals.
• It turns into steam.
28. • A mixture is a combination of
• It spreads out and occupies more
two or more than two substances in
space.
physical means.
Or
Freezing point is the temperature
at which a liquid turns into a solid
• A mixture is a substance made by
when cooled.
mixing other substances together.
14. The boiling point of water is 1000C.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19. • It changes to liquid water.
• It melts after defrosting.
29. (i) Filtration
30. Residue
20. (a) In making thermometers
(b) In preserving drinks and beverages.
(c) Railway construction.
21. (i) For study purposes and doing
experiments.
(ii) To conserve, preserve and chill
food and drinks.
(iii) To preserve dead bodies.
(iv) It causes ice and snow
formation.
(v) For sports, tourism and
recreation.
(vi) For making ice.
31. By evaporation means.
22. Condensation is the process in the
changing of state of matter from
vapour to liquid.
23. Thermometer
24. (i) Refrigerator
25. Liquid
(ii) Freezer
(ii) Decantation
32. Fractional distillation
33. Through winnowing.
34. A chemical change is an irreversible
change in matter in which new
substances are formed.
35. (i) Souring of milk. (ii) Iron rusting
(iii) Rotting
(iv) Burning
(v) Respiration (vi) Photosynthesis
(vii) Fermentation of sugar to alcohol
(viii) Fertilisation in plants and animals.
(ix) Neutralisation of acids by bases
to form salts.
36. A solution is a liquid mixture of the
solute and the solvent.
37. Solute
38. • A solvent is a substance in liquid
15
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
form that dissolves other substances.
• A solvent is the substance in a
solution that dissolves a solute.
(ii) Change of body weight.
(iii) The new substance formed is
different from the original one.
(iv) They are irreversible.
(v) They are permanent.
(vi) Heat is produced or absorbed.
(vii) Change in mass of reactants.
39. (i) By oiling and greasing them.
(ii) By painting and coating them.
40. (i) No new substance is formed in a
physical change while in a chemical
change a new substance is formed.
49. (i) It brings a substance in fixed
amount.
(ii) No change of weight in a physical
change is experienced while in a
(ii) It separates mixtures.
chemical change there is a change in
(iii) It reverses the nature of
weight.
substance back to its originality.
(iii) A physical change is reversible
50. • They form a new substance.
while a chemical change is
• They help in digestion.
irreversible.
• They help in decomposition.
41. • A saturated solution is a solution
in which the solute is dissolved while 51. Chemical change
in an unsaturated solution the solute
52. Chemical change
does not dissolve completely.
• A saturated solution cannot
53. Evaporation
dissolve any more solute while an
unsaturated solution can still dissolve 54. Diffusion is the movement of
more solute.
particles from an area of high
concentration to an area of low
42. physical
concentration.
43. • Ash
• smoke
55. • It helps substances move in and
out of cells.
44. (i) Thy are used to change one state
to another for example water to ice.
• It helps to identify the scent of
substances.
(ii) Physical changes are used to
separate mixtures.
56. (i) It pollutes air.
(ii) It spreads particles.
45. A soluble is a substance able to be
dissolved especially in water or a
(iii) Rids cells of waste products.
liquid.
57. Osmosis is the process in which
46. (i) They reduce weight.
a solvent moves from a low
concentration region to a high
(ii) New substances are formed in
concentration region through semi
case of research.
permeable membrane.
(iii) They help in decomposition of
material.
58. • It helps in purification of water.
• It helps the transport of mineral salts
47. (i) No new substance is formed.
from the plant roots to the leaves.
(ii) No change of body weight.
(iii) They are reversible.
59. Sand, oil, flour
(v) They are temporary.
60. A soluble substance dissolves easily
48. (i) A new substance is formed.
in water while an insoluble substance
16
(ii) Bones of the trunk.
(iii) Vertebral column
(iv) Sternum
(v) Ribcage
16. the skull
17. femur
18. pelvis or pelvic
19. Muscles
20. Voluntary muscles are the muscles
used under conscious control and
can be controlled at will or you can
choose when to use them.
34. (i) Muscle strains (ii) Hamstring strains
(iii) Ankle sprains
(iv) Shin splints
(v) Achilles tendon rupture
(vi) Fractures (vii) Concussions.
(viii) Torn ligaments
35. Polio
36. A - Biceps
B - Triceps
37. (i) Skeletal muscles
(ii) Cardiac
muscles (iii) Smooth muscles
38. (i) Smoking
(ii) Drug abuse
(iii)
Alcohol
consumption
21. Involuntary muscles are the muscles
whose contraction is controlled by
(iv) Poor feeding / nutrition / diet
the autonomous nervous system.
(v) Lack of exercising.
22. ball and socket joint
39. triceps
23. a hinge joint
40. biceps, triceps
24. ear
41. muscles
25. D
26. Ball and socket
27. Arm
28. Ulna
29. Humerus
30. • Elbows • Knee • Toes
• Finger • Ankles
31. (i) Proper nutrition should be observed.
(ii) Regular physical exercises.
(iii) Treatment should be sought.
(iv) Avoid things and risks that can
lead to bone fracture.
(v) Should not consume too much
alcohol.
(vi) Maintain a health body weight.
32. (i) Parkinson’s disease
(ii) Alzheimer’s disease (iii) Cancer
(iv) Polio (v) Meningitis
33. (i) Joints (ii) Muscles (iii) Bones
61
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
93. pinna and ear canal
117. Night blindness
94. Outer part / Pinna
118. (i) Should avoid too much light and
too little light.
(ii) Should avoid dust and
smoke.
(iii) Wash hands and avoid rubbing
your eyes.
(iv) Eat healthy and drink plenty of
water. (v) Wear hats and sunglasses.
95. transmitting vibrations in the ear
96. Ear canal
97. Ear
98. (i)Incus (ii)Malleus
(iii)Stapes
99. Eustachian tube
100. eardrum
101. Cochlea
102. eustachian tube
103. Sound waves
104. Auditory nerves
105. body balance
106. cochlea
107. 300000
108. Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s
disease, Epilepsy, Cerebral palsy,
Motor neuron disease, Bell’s palsy
109. (i) Myopia
(ii) Hyperopia
(iii) Astigmatism.(iv) Presbyopia
(v) Trachoma
(vi) Cataracts
(vii) Glaucoma
110. myopia / short sightedness / near
sightedness
111. myopia / short sightedness / near
sightedness
112. long sightedness / hyperopia / far
sightedness
113. Myopia / Short sightedness / Near
sightedness
114. Myopia / Short sightedness / Near
sightedness
115. Cataracts
116. Trachoma
HUMAN SKELETAL SYSTEM.
1. skeleton
2. • Supports the body.
• Facilitates movement.
• Protects internal organs.
3. A joint is the part of the body where
two or more bones meet and connect.
4. Bone
5. cartilage
6. synovial fluid
7. muscles
8. ligaments
9. bone
10. bone
11. skeletal muscles
12. (i) Bones shape the body.
(ii) They help in movement.
(iii) Help in the production of blood.
(iv) Act as a storage area for
minerals.
(v) They support and carry body
weight.
13. (i) Heart (ii) Lungs (iii) Liver
14. (i) Tibia (ii) Fibula (iii) Tarsals
(iv) Metatarsals
15. (i) Bones of the skull.
60
does not dissolve easily in water.
61. (i) Sugar
(ii) Salt
74. It is because its less dense than water.
75. It is because the density of water is
higher than the density of petrol.
62. • Decantation is the process of
separating a mixture of sediments
76. • If the object is less dense than water
and a liquid.
it will float and if it is more dense
than water it will sink.
• Decantation is the separation of
mixtures of immiscible liquids or of
• Floating and sinking of an object
a liquid and a solid mixture like a
depends on the shape of the object.
suspension.
• Floating and sinking of an object
• Decantation is the separation of
depend on the relationship
solid particles from a liquid when
between the upthrust force and the
they have settled at the bottom of
gravitational force.
the mixture and then pouring off the
77. It is because hollow objects have space
clear liquid.
which makes them have less mass.
63. Compound
78. Mass
64. (i) Water (ii) Salt (iii) Carbondioxide
79. Density
65. An element is a substance which can
not split more into simpler forms by 80. D = M = 12 kg = 0.02 kg/m3
any chemical means.
V
600 m3
66. (i) Hydrogen (ii) Mercury (iii) Gold
67. Silver
68. Valence is the combining power of an
element to join with another.
81. A floating body displaces its own
weight of the fluid in which it floats.
82. Archimedes' principle states that
when an object is partially or totally
immersed in a fluid, it experiences an
upthrust which is equal to the weight
of the fluid displaced by the object.
69. (i) Hard water uses a lot of soap to
form lather than soft water.
83. A ship floats on water because the
(ii) Hard water contains a lot of
weight of the water displaced by the
minerals than soft water.
ship is equal to the weight of the ship.
(iii) Hard water has dissolved minerals
while soft water has no dissolved
84. (i) It is when an object goes down
minerals.
below the surface of the liquid.
(ii) It is when objects immersed in
70. Soft water
water appear to weigh less than
71. • Floating is the ability to stay above
when out of water.
water.
85. Mass
• Floating is being buoyant or
supended in water or air.
72. (i) Feather (ii) Ball (iii) Wood
(iv) Balloon (v) Seeds (vi) Sponge
73. (i) stone (ii) brick (iii) rock
(iv) soap
17
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
UNIT 3 • PLANTS
1. Trees, Shrubs
2. forest, gardens
3. plants
4. • Celtis Africana • Baobab, • Neem
5. Hydrotropism is the growth of plants
in which roots grow towards water
sources.
6. roots
• It may die.
22. Seed germination is the process
in which a plant emerges from a
seed and begins its growth as a new
independent plant.
23. (i) Water (ii) Oxygen (iii) Air
(iv) Light (v) Warmth (vi) Nutrients
24. Water
25. Phototropism is the growing of plant
7. (i) They absorb mineral salts from the
parts towards the light sensor.
soil towards other plant parts.
(ii) They are the means of transport of 26. • The plant will fail to undergo
photosynthesis.
water towards leaves.
• It might die.
(iii) They store food.
(iv) They anchor the plant firmly.
27. seedling
8. Photosynthesis is the process whereby 28. Radicle
green plants make their own food.
29. Hydrotropism is the growing of
9. chlorophyll
plant parts towards water while
phototropism is the growing of plant
10. stem
parts towards light.
11. J - Apex, K - Margin, L - Veins, 30. In epigeal germination the radicle
M - Petiole,
Q - Lamina
grows out into the soil through
a microphyle while in hypogeal
12. Green
germination the radicle grows out of
the seed into the soil.
13. N
• In epigeal germination the
14. Apex
cotyledons grow above the soil
while in hypogeal germination the
15. Stomata, Vessels, Air spaces,
cotyledon remains below the soil.
Guard cells
• Epigeal germination happens in
dicots while hypogeal germination
16. To trap and absorb sun light energy.
happens in monocots.
17. stomata
31. a microphyle
18. (i) Sunlight (ii) Water
(iii) Chlorophyll (iv) Carbon dioxide 32. (i) Beans (ii) Cotton
(iii) Sunflowers and cucumbers
19. oxygen
(iv) Onion (v) Papaya (vi) Casto
20. nitrogen, phosphorous, potasium,
33. This helps to develop parts of the
calcium, sulfur, magnesium
plumule and helps to burst the seed coat.
21. • Photosynthesis will not occur.
18
and to the rest of the body.
(ii) It serves as a centre for
coordinating and controlling some
reflex actions.
67. (i) Fat
(ii) Connective tissue
(iii) Hair follicles (iv) Blood vessels
(v) Sweat glands (vi) Oil glands
52. central nervous system or brain
53. • Involuntary actions are not under
the will while voluntary actions are
under the will.
• Voluntary actions are made by
choice while involuntary actions are
not able to be controlled.
• Voluntary actions are controlled by
the cerebrum while the involuntary
actions are controlled by the
hindbrain and the spinal cord.
54. (i) Blinking of the eyes.
(ii) Coughing or sneezing.
(iii) Sudden withdrawal of a hand or
leg when pricked.
(iv) Sudden removal of a hand from
a hot surface.
(v) Changes in pupil dilation on light
intensity.
55. spinal cord
56. The message is sent to the spinal
cord and returns for response.
68. (i) Pain
(ii) Temperature
(iii) Pressure (iv) Friction or texture
(v) Stretch
69. light, sight/seeing
70. internal/rectus
71. pupil
72. brain
73. retina
74. Cornea
75. To provide blood with nutrients to
the eyes.
76. Vitreous
77. Conjuctiva
78. optic
79. pupil
80. conjuctiva
57. sensory
81. It acts as a cover or coat to protect
the eye.
82. Retina
58. Sensory
83. U
59. sensory
84. V
60. smell or air
85. Astigmatism
61. olfactory bulb
86. • To balance the body
62. nose
87. R
63. (i) Umami (ii) Sweet (iii) Salty
(iv) Sour
(v) Bitter
88. N
64. epidermis, dermis
65. To detect and respond to stimuli.
66. It protects the inner parts of the
living cell.
• To hear.
89. Eustachian tube
90. S, T
91. Hammer / Malleus
92. Collecting sound waves.
59
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
27.
36. (i) It controls breathing.
(ii) It controls reflex actions.
(iii) It connects forebrain and
hindbrain.
(iv) Cordinates movement of the
M
eyes and visual processing.
(v) Process the functioning of the
28. Sensory nerves carry signals or
auditory systems.
impulses from the outer parts of your
(vi) It keeps us alert.
body into the central nervous system
(vii) Suppresses pain.
while motor nerves carry signals
(viii) Cordinates movement.
from the central nervous system to
the outer parts of your body.
37. 1
29. (i) Brain
(ii) Spinal cord
38. 2
34. hypocotyl, epicotyl / most dicots,
monocots / hypogeal germination,
epigeal germination
50. Fertilisation is the fusion of the male
gamete and female gamete.
43. (i) Controls involuntary actions.
(ii) Cordinates respiratory rhythm,
32. hind brain / brain stem / front of the
sleep and wakefulness.
cerebellum.
(iii) It cordinates heartbeat.
33. • To control and cordinate voluntary
(iv) Connects signals from the brain
actions.
to the spinal cord.
(v) Helps to maintain balance and
• Cerebellum helps in motor
posture.
learning as it adapts and fine tunes
motor programs to make accurate
44. voluntary
movements.
45. vertebral
• It cordinates body balance and
body posture.
46. Digestion
34. Forebrain or Cerebrum
47. cerebrospinal fluid
35. (i) Washing
(ii) Standing
48. central nervous system or brain
(iii) Sitting
(iv) Jogging
49. spinal cord
(v) Exercising
(vi) Walking
(vii) Playing
(viii) Eating
50. involuntary
(ix) Writing
51. (i) It carries messages to the brain
51. H - Petal, I - Stigma, J - Style,
35. (i) Maize (ii) Wheat (iii) Mango
K ­- Ovules, M ­- Filament, N -­ Sepal
(iv) Rice(v) Coconut (vi) Groundnut
52. ovules
(ANY OTHER CORRECT
53. Fruit
ANSWERS)
54. Seeds
36. Hypogeal germination
55. stamen, pistil
37. Pollination is the process by which
pollen is transferred from the anther 56. Sunbird, Humming bird (ANY
OTHER CORRECT ANSWERS)
to the stigma in plants.
57. (i) Ovary (ii) Stigma (iii) Ovule
38. Self pollination
(iv) Style
39. Cross pollination
58. Monocotyledonous plants bear seeds
40. Pollination enables fertilisation and
which consist of only one cotyledon
reproduction in plants.
while dicotyledonous plants
bear seeds which consist of two
41. (i) Insects (ii) Birds (iii) Wind
cotyledons.
(iv) Animals
(v) Water
• Monocotyledonous plants mostly
have hypogeal germination while
42. (i) They are unattractive plants
dicotyledonous plants have epigeal
without petals or bright colours.
germination mostly.
(ii) They are small and dull plants.
•
Monocotyledonous
plants
(iii) They produce a lot of pollen.
mostly have fibrous roots while
(iv) They have feathery and sticky
dicotyledonous plants have tap roots
stigma to catch pollen.
mostly.
(v) They have no scent and
59. asexual, sexual
nectar.
(vi) They have smooth and light
60. asexual
pollen.
61. • By using bulb is produced from
43. nectar
the flower stalk of the sisal plant.
•
By using suckers growing around
44. insects and birds
the base of the plant.
45. The agents of pollination cause the
62. Potato
Yam
transfer of pollen grains from the
anthers to the stigma.
63. (i) Filament
(ii) Anther
46. pollen
64. It is because it has got chloroplast.
47. Fertilisation takes place.
65. Cross pollination
48. pollen grains.
66. Both manufacture their own food.
49. When the pollen grain falls on the
stigma, a tube grows which sends the 67. It is because it feeds on dead organic
matter.
pollen grain down the style.
58
19
30. (i) To receive information, stimuli,
or impulse.
(ii) To process information, stimuli,
or impulse.
(iii) To cordinate a response to the
information, stimuli or impulse.
(iv) Controls impulses.
(v) Analyses impulses.
(vi) Determines what response to
give to the impulse.
39. Drinking alcohol, Drug abuse,
Smoking
40. forebrain or cerebrum
41. controls
42. (i) Heartbeat (ii) Blood circulation
(iii) Digestion of food.
(iv) Contraction and relaxation of the
blood vessels.
31. skull
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
68. Seed dispersal is the movement or
transportation of seeds away from
the parent plant.
69. Flowering plants reproduce using
their flower through pollination
while non flowering plants do not
produce flowers.
70. (i) Wind (ii) Animals
(iv) Birds (v) Insects
(iii) Water
71. (i) They are small in size.
(ii) They have a wing like shape.
(iii) They have dust like seeds.
(iv) They are light .
(v) They are feather like.
(vi) They have hairy and weightless
structures.
80. • Cactus
• Agave
82. To anchor and support vining stems.
1. A nervous system is a collection
of nerves and specialized cells that
transmit signals between different
parts of the body.
83. autotrophs
2.
81. • For protection.
• For avoiding water loss.
84. Roots, Stem, Leaves, Seeds
85. (i) Sweet potatoes (ii) Cassava
86. (i) Cabbage (ii) Spinach (iii) Lettuce
87. (i) Ginger (ii) Onions
(iii) Sugarcane
89. Phloem transports food from the
leaves to different parts of the plant
while xylem transports water and
73. Through explosion of their pods that
nutrients from the soil to different
have seeds in them.
parts of the plant.
75. Transpiration is the process where
water is lost from the plant leaves.
76. • By shedding off their leaves.
• By having few and small leaves.
• By having deep roots.
77. •
•
•
•
Thorny leaves.
Deep roots to tap ground water.
Large fleshy stems to store water.
Thick waxy skin to reduce loss of
water and to reflect heat.
78. • To preserve water.
• To prevent water loss.
3.
88. (i) Pear (ii) Beans (iii) Rice
(iv) Groundnuts (v) Maize
72. Succulent
74. insectivorous plants
NERVOUS SYSTEM
• Aloe vera
90. Sexual reproduction is when a
female gamete and a male gamete
mate to form a zygote while asexual
reproduction is when an embryo
grows from the same organism
without the female and male gamete
mating.
91. (i) Banana (ii) Sisal (iii) Potatoes
(iv) Cassava (v) Sugarcane
(vi) Onion (vii) Ginger
92. •
•
•
•
Stem tubers
Rhizomes / bulb or suckers
Buds
Runners
93. • Pineapple
79. (i) Presence of thorns.
• Vanilla
(ii) Bad smell
(iii) Thick roots.
• Sugarcane
(iv) Having spines.
94. • To get support
(v) Having a hard bark.
• In order to reach sunlight.
(vi) Inducing irritating reaction when
touched. (vii) Folding of leaves.
20
4.
5.
6.
cells are transmitted to the cell body.
• They are projections that receive
signals from the stimulus.
15. (i) The cell body carries genetic
information.
(ii) The cell body maintains the
• It is anything that makes an animal
neuron’s structure.
to detect and respond.
(iii) The cell body provides energy to
• Stimuli is a response that evokes or
drive activities.
arouses an organ or tissue.
(iv) Organises and keeps the cell
• Stimuli is the sensing or detecting
functional.
changes in the environment by an
organism.
16. heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate,
urination, sexual arousal, pupillary
(i) Smell (ii) Light
(iii) Pain
response
(iv) Temperature (v) Roughness
(vi) Pressure
(vii) Pleasure
17. (i) Dendrites
(ii) Axon
(viii) Touch (ix) Sound (x) Taste
(iii) Myelin sheath (iv) Cytoplasm
(xi) Heat (xii) Thirst( xiii) Hunger
(v) Cell body (vi) Axonal terminal
nose
(vii) Nucleus (viii) Node of ranvies
sensory organs
18. Axon
• It is an electric message.
19. Axon
• An impulse is a sudden stimulation
to the body.
20. cytoplasm
7. To produce and release substances
21. myelin sheath
that perform specific functions in the
22. It allows electrical impulses to
body.
transmit quickly and efficiently along
8. Muscles, glands
the nerve cells.
9. A neuron is a nerve cell that detects
stimulus.
10. • Neurons receive sensory
information.
• Neurons send commands to
muscles.
• Neurons transform and relay
impulses.
23. spinal, cranial/sensory, motor
24. I - Dendrites
K - Cytoplasm
J - Nucleus
L - Axon
25. L
26.
11. cytoplasm,nucleus
12. coat, insulator, case
13. dendrites
14. • Dendrites are short branched
extensions of a nerve cell along
which impulses received from other
57
Myelin sheath
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(v) Reproductive organs increase in
size and nature.
(vi) Change in behaviour occurs.
67. • Prolonged breast feeding.
• Withdrawal method.
• Abstaining from sex.
61. (i) Boys produce sperms.
68. (i) Using injections that prevent
(ii) The chest expands and the
pregnancy.
(ii) Surgery
shoulder becomes broader.
(iii) Using condoms.
(iii) The voice becomes deep.
(iv) Using a cervical cap, diaphragm
(iv) Hair starts to grow around the
and implants.
face, chest and genitals.
(v) The penis and testicles get bigger 69. vasectomy, tubal litigationlaparoscopy
and have more erections.
70. Surgery
(vi) Testosterone levels rise.
71. (i) They reduce pregnant related
62. Adolescence is the period following
morbidity and mortality as well
the onset of puberty during which a
as the risk of developing certain
young person develops from a child
reproductive cancers.
into an adult.
(ii) It prevents unplanned
pregnancies.
63. (i) Setting clear rules about
(iii) The child gets time to enjoy
behaviour and communication.
breast feeding.
(ii) By providing education about
(iv) Contraceptives can be used
reproductive health.
to treat many menstrual related
(iii) Providing counselling and
symptoms and disorders.
guidance.
72. (i) The family may fail to manage
64. Juvenile delinquency is the
the number of children.
habitual committing of criminal
(ii) It leads to unplanned
acts or offences by a young person
pregnancy.
especially one below the age at
which ordinary criminal prosecution
(iii) The child fails to enjoy breast
is possible.
feeding.
(iv) It may lead to stress and
65. Family planning is the practice of
depression.
controlling the number of children
(v) It reduces the quality of life.
one has and the intervals between
their births, particularly by means
73. pregnancy
of contraception or voluntary
sterilisation.
74. abortion
66. (i) It prevents unplanned
75. (i) To prevent STDs.
pregnancies.
(ii) To avoid pregnancy.
(ii) It enables to manage the number
of children.
76. (i) They make people know when to
have children and how many.
(iii) The child gets time to enjoy
breast feeding.
(ii) They prevent unwanted
pregnancies.
(iv) It helps planning for a child to
avoid social, health and financial
(iii) They decrease population
problems you may face with an
pressure
unplanned pregnancy.
56
UNIT 4 • SCIENTIFIC PROCESSES
AND EXPERIMENTS
1. A scientific experiment is the
17. (i) Thermometre (ii) Beam balance
arrangement of different criteria to
(iii) Metre ruler
help an investigator to find a solution
(iv) Measuring tape
for a certain problem.
(v) Measuring cylinder
2. • To find a solution to a scientific
(vi) Spring balance
problem.
18. (i) It keeps the information on the
• To prove the hypothesis.
new discovery.
3. By carrying out a scientific
(ii) It can be used by other
experiment.
investigators in the future.
(iii) It enables the society to know
4. hypothesis
what has been discovered.
5. (i) Observation
(iv) It enables the investigators to
(ii) Scientific question
repeat the investigation if there is a
need.
(iii) Hypothesis
(v) It enables the investigation to be
(iv) Scientific experiment
proved by other investigators.
(v) Conclusion/Suggestion
(vi) Writing a scientific report.
19. collecting or gathering
6. Scientific question / heading / title
7. • To find a solution to the scientific
problem.
• To prove the hypothesis.
8. materials / aids / apparatus
9. Procedures
10. Scientific report
11. Writing a scientific report.
12. Making an observation about
something or identifying what to
experiment on.
13. It shows all about the experiment.
14. It helps to make decisions on the
results obtained after carrying out the
experiment.
20. To get assurance of the collected
information.
21. • It helps to arrive to a conclusion.
• It helps to understand the meaning
of the results of an experiment.
22. • To find out the solution to a
scientific question or problem.
• To prove the hypothesis.
23. • It should be testable.
• It should have some answers.
• It should generate a hypothesis.
24. To make sure it is well done
successfully without errors.
25. Variable
15. A scientific investigation is the
finding out of the clues of a certain
scientific problem.
16. Data
21
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
UNIT 5 • INFORMATION, COMMUNICATION &
TECHNOLOGY
1. (i) Modern
(ii) Traditional
15. Speaker
2. Traditional means of communication. 16. Meter band
3. (i) Radio (ii) Computer
(iii) Television
(iv) Telephone
(v) News paper (vi) Fax
(vii) Telegram
(viii) Internet
4. (i) Flute
(ii) Horn (iii)Drum
17. Battery compartment
18. power socket
19. (i) To increase or decrease.
(ii) To switch ON or OFF the radio.
(iii) To change or tune into a radio
station.
5. (i) To do research.
(ii) To send messages from one
20. (i) Keep it in a dry place.
person to another.
(ii) Switch it OFF after use.
(iii) They help to pass on information
(iii) Avoid using expired dry cells or
to different people.
batteries.
(iv) To give warnings.
(iv) Use a handle always when
(v) For advertisement.
carrying a radio.
(vi) For entertainment..
(v) Insert the batteries by following
(vii) For education and study
the terminals.
purposes.
(vi) Remove the batteries after use.
(vii) Do not remove screws.
6. Antenna
21. (i) Keep it out of direct sunlight and
7. (i) Provides entertainment .
extreme temperature
(ii) For advertisement.
(ii) Keep the radio in a cool dry
(iii) For giving out news and
place.
information. (iv) They educate people.
(iii) Avoid exposing the radio to
8. (i) Antenna (ii) Speaker
water.
(iii) Meter band (iv) Tuning button
(iv) Dust and wipe down the radio
regularly.
(v) Volume button
(v) Keep the radio on a stand or
(vi) Switch (vii) Power button
table.
9. (i) Push button
(ii) Press button
(iii) Rotate button (iv) Slide button 22. • A radio might break.
• A radio might stop working.
10. To switch ON and switch OFF the
• It might cause an electric problem.
radio.
23. • To protect the radio from probable
11. Tuning button
damage.
• To prevent voltage surge, over
12. To increase or reduce the volume.
voltage, voltage fluctuations and
13. (i) To trap signals.
under voltage conditions.
(ii) To search for a radio station.
24. Noise
14. To attract and trap signals.
25. (i) It is a source of news.
22
39. Menstruation is the discharge of
mucus, blood and the cells from the
uterine walls during the period of
ovulation.
(iii) Do not share underwear and
other clothing.
(iv) Wash the genitals properly.
(v) Regular exercises.
(vi) Avoid the use of unprescribed
drugs.
40. (i) Cramps
(ii) Bloating
(iii) Mood swings. (iv) Sore breasts
(v) Feeling tired.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
52. (i) Smoking (ii) Unprotected sex.
(iii) Sharing underwear and other
A menstrual cycle is the period that
clothing. (iv) Vasectomy
occurs every month in a woman’s
(v) Use of birth control methods.
body that prepares for pregnancy and
when it doesnt take place the uterus 53. Smoking can cause premature births,
sheds its lining.
low birth weight of the baby and birth
defects.
(i) Nutrition (ii) Health condition
(iii) Hereditary / Inheritance
54. Impotence is the inability in a man to
achieve an erection or orgasm.
(i) Use of birth control. (ii) Breast
feeding. (iii) Being overweight.
55. • Gonorrhea
• Chlamydia
(iv) Excessive exercises. (v) Stress 56. • Fibroids are muscular tumours that
(vi) Medication (vii) Perimenopause
grow in the wall of the uterus.
• Fibroids are non cancerous
Fertilisation
growths that develop in or around the
Ovulation is the release of matured
womb (uterus).
ovum or ova.
57. • Puberty is a period when an
(i) HIV/AIDS (ii) Uterine fibroids
individual changes rapidly from
childhood to a sexually matured
(iii) Cystitis
(iv) Syphilis
adult.
(v) Gonorrhea
(vi) Impotence
• Puberty is the time in life when a
(i) Sexually transmitted diseases
boy of 12 - 16 years or a girl of 10 - 14
(ii) Absence of gametes.
years becomes sexually mature.
(iii) Presence of deformed gametes.
58. (i) Environment (ii) Sex
(iv) Vasectomy (v) Impotence
(iii) Heredity
(iv) Hormones
(vi) The use of unauthorized drugs.
(v) Family influence
(i) Ovarian cancer (ii) Testicular
59. girls, boys
cancer (iii) Cervical cancer
60. (i) Breasts begin to develop.
(ii) An involuntary increase in sexual
50. Menopause is the period in a
feelings and fantasies.
woman’s life between the ages of 40
(iii) The vulva, vagina and nipples
and 50 when menstruation ceases
get bigger.
and stops.
(iv) The skin becomes oily, soft and
51. (i) Eating a balanced diet.
smooth.
(ii) Avoid unprotected sexual
(iv) Hair grows in different parts of
intercourse.
the body
49. Sterility or Infertility
55
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(ii) To manufacture and store female
gametes.
(iii) To secrete hormones.
9. Uterus
10. It secretes, produces and stores a
fluid that makes up semen.
29. (i) Moodiness
(ii) Cramping
(iii) Food aversions.
(iv) Tender, swollen breasts or
nipples.
(v) Missed period or
menstrual cycle.
(vi) Nausea with or without
vomiting.
(vii) Fatigue
30. Pregnancy is the period in which a
foetus develops inside a woman’s
womb or uterus.
11. testes, ovary.
12. Urethra
13. Epididymis
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
31. Cell division of the zygote enables
it to grow and develop into a ball of
Manufacturing male gametes and
cells called the embryo. The embryo
producing sperms.
grows after the zygote. During
the first 8 weeks of pregnancy, the
Testes or Male reproductive organ
embryo develops from a combination
of cells. It has three layers that
ova, sperm
protect it. It is then implanted to
Fertilisation is the union of the male
the uterus and forms or turns into a
and female gametes to form a zygote.
foetus.
Oviduct or Fallopian tubes
32. C
19. embryo
20. (i)X sperm
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
33. B
(ii) Y sperm
34. • It is the healthcare given to a
pregnant woman before giving birth /
The sex is going to be female.
or delivery.
male
• Pre-natal stage means the period
before delivery or giving birth when
(i) Identical twins develop from one
the woman is pregnant.
fertilized egg while fraternal twins
develop from two separate fertilized 35. delivery
eggs.
(ii) Fraternal twins do not resemble 36. • Tightnening or cramping similar to
period pain.
each other while identical twins
•
A feeling of pressure as the baby’s
resemble each other.
head moves into the pelvis.
Amniotic fluid
• Great pain in the lower abdomen
due to strong contractions of the
Umbilical cord
uterine muscles.
• It removes and transports waste
• Backache or an upset stomach.
products from the foetus to the
• An urge to go to the toilet caused
mother’s body.
by your baby’s head pressing in
• The placenta provides oxygen and
your bowel.
nutrients to the foetus.
37. neonate
pregnancy
38. An infant is a young child who is
9 months
less than two years old.
54
(ii) It is used for advertisement.
(iii) It is used for entertainment.
watch television.
(iv) Avoid unnecessary increase of
volume when you watch television.
(v) Avoid placing a television
directly to the sunlight.
26. You should switch it OFF or turn it
OFF and keep it safely.
27. • It is an electronic device with
40. (i) They give us news.
a screen for receiving television
(ii) They educate us.
signals.
(iii) They entertain us.
• A television is an electronic device
used to display visual images and
(iv) They give us easy access to all
sound transmitted electronically.
kinds of information.
(v) They are used as a medium of
28. From a broadcasting station.
advertisement.
29. (i) Power button (ii) Speaker
41. (i) They cause moral decay.
(iii) Housing (iv) Antenna
(ii) They cause eye and ear defects.
(v) Cable (vi) Remote sensor
(iii) Improper use can cause outbreak
of fire.
30. For switching on and switching off a
device.
(iv) They are expensive to use.
31. Screen
32. Speaker
33. A tuning control button
34. For searching channels.
35. For detecting and monitoring a
device from a distance.
36. Antenna
42. This is a device which is used
to control and operate electronic
devices from far automatically.
43. (i) For switching ON and OFF an
electronic device.
(ii) For changing television and radio
channels.
(iii) For increasing or decreasing the
volume.
44. A computer is an electronic device
37. (i) By dusting it with a dry thing.
for storing and processing data
(ii) By keeping it far away from a
typically in binary form according
wet place.
to the instructions given to it in a
(iii) By switching it OFF after use.
variable program.
(iv) By placing it on a stable table or
45. Information and Communications
hanging it on a wall.
Technology
38. (i) It is because it can causes eye
46. Uninterruptible Power Supply
problems.
(ii) It is because it causes radiations 47. (i) Monitor (ii) Keyboard
which affect the body health.
(iii) Mouse
(iv) CPU (Central Processing Unit)
39. (i) Avoid watching the television for
a long period of time.
48. (i) They are used to control large and
(ii) Connect the television device to a
small machines.
stabilizer.
(ii) For storing data. (iii) Used for
(iii) Avoid sitting too close when you
processing information.
23
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(iii) It is used for searching and
calculating information.
(iv) It is used for communication.
(v) They are used to play computer
games.
(vi) They are used to listen to
music.
(vii) They are used to read and write
documents.
(viii) For watching
videos.
(ix) Creating sound and videos.
(x) For audio, video and photo
editing.
60. Click on the File menu on the
standard menu bar, then click on
Save, the Save As dialogue box will
appear where you will enter the
name of the file to be saved as. Then
click the Save button.
61. Microsoft Excel program
62. Microsoft Word
63. (i) Massively Multiplayer Online
(ii) Real Time Strategy (RTS)
(iii) Simulation Games
64. A - Screen B - CPU
C - Monitor D - CD/DVD Drive
E - MousE F - Keyboard
49. Central Processing Unit
50. Screen or Monitor
65. (i) To store documents in the
computer.
(ii) To revise texts and re-use them.
(iii) To display documents on the
screen. (iv) To print documents.
(v) To align text either to left, center
or right.
51. • For typing and searching
information. • For entering data.
52. • Keyboard
• Mouse
53. (i) Antivirus
(ii) Firewalls
54. (i) Microsoft Word
(ii) Microsoft Excel
66.
55. (i) By storing anti-virus and firewall.
(ii) Reformat your computer.
(iii) Disable programs you don’t use.
67.
(iv) By cleaning it.
56. Flash drive
57. For storing data.
Excel program is the spreadsheet
program included in the Microsoft
Office suite of application
(i) Avoid merging cells.
(ii) Avoid hiding data unless it is
sensitive.
(iii) Organize the information flow.
68. (i) Plan for your spreadsheet
(ii) Do not leave blank rows or
columns when entering selected data.
(iii) Save frequently, and save in
two different places (in a personal
computer and in external storage,
example: Flash Drive, Cloud
Storage, External Hard Drive) so as
59. Connect the computer to the power
not to lose your data.
supply, and press the Power ON
(iii) Do not use numbers as column
button. To shut OFF a computer run
headings
the cursor to the start menu by using
(iv) Do not include units with the
the mouse then click the left side
data.
button of the mouse and select the
shutdown menu.
69. How to Start: Click on the Start
58. (i) It is used for processing,
searching and storing information.
(ii) For watching videos and listening
to music.
(iii) A computer is used for
communication.
24
HORMONAL SYSTEM
22. testosteron
1. endocrine system
23.
2. hormones.
24.
3. A hormonal system is the system 25.
of ductless glands and organs that 26.
secretes chemical substances in the
body.
27.
4. (i) They stimulate and control body
growth.
(ii) Protection of the body.
(iii) Controlling and cordinating
different body systems.
5. (i) Pineal glands (ii) Pituitary glands
(iii) Parathyroid glands
(iv) Thyroid glands (v) Adrenal glands 28.
(vi) Pancreatic glands
29.
6. (i) Pancreas
(ii) Stomach
(iii) Small intestine (iv) Kidneys
(v) Ovaries
(vi) Testes
7. pituitary
9. hormones, adrenaline
10. body
11. gastrin, secretin/thymosin
12. A
13. B
(ii) Parathyroid
15. H & G
16. (i)Insulin
(i)Thickening of the uterus during
implantation of pregnancy.
(ii) Growth of the placenta.
(iii) Production of milk.
(iv) It prohibits the muscle
contractions in the uterus that would
cause the body to reject an egg.
(v) Regulating menstruation and
supporting pregnancy.
duodenum
(i) Diabetes (ii) Cretinism
(iii) Obesity (iv) Hyperthyroidism
(v) Gigantism
(vi) Adrenal
insufficiency (vii) Cushing’s disease
HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
8. Thyroid gland
14. (i) Insulin
progesterone, estrogen
reproductive
testes, ovaries
Estrogen
(ii)Glucogen
17. stomach / pancreas / small intestine
1. Reproduction is the production of
offspring by a sexual or asexual
process.
2. (i) To increase the number of living
organisms.
(ii) To reduce the danger of extinction
of species.
3. (i) Uterus (ii) Ovary (iii) Oviduct
(iv) Vagina (v) Cervix
(vi) Fallopian tube
4. (i) Penis (ii) Testicles (iii) Sperm
duct (iv) Seminal vesicle
18. Secretin stimulates basic pancreatic 5.
juices.
6.
19. Secretin
7.
20. Gastrin
8.
21. gastrin
53
fallopian tube or uterine tube
Testes or Testicles
Sperm duct /Vas deferens / Epididymis
(i) To produce the egg cells called the
ova.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
47. Pleurisy is the inflammation of 14. Diabetes, chronic kidney disease
the pleurae which impairs their
lubricating function and causes pain 15. Nephrons
when breathing.
16. pores
48. (i) Avoiding smoking.
17. glands
(ii) Exercise regularly.
18. Sweat glands
(iii) Prevent infection.
(iv) Avoid dusty environment.
19. (i) Blood vessels (ii) Nerves
(v) Avoid exposure to pollutants.
(iii) Hair roots
(iv) Gland
(vi) Get regular medical check-up.
20. (i) Kidney (ii) Liver (iii) Skin
(iv) Lungs
EXCRETORY SYSTEM
21. (i) Cooling the body.
(ii) Removing the waste product.
(iii) To control the body temperature.
1. Excretion is the removal of waste
product from the body cells.
22. Lungs
2. (i) Urine (ii) Sweat
(iii) Carbon dioxide (iv) Salts
(v) Liver pigment
(vi) Urea and uric acid
23. It is because it excretes sweat.
24. To get rid of carbon dioxide from the
body.
3. It is filtered in order to remove
unwanted substances.
25. • Toxins • Harmful substances
• By-products
4. Ureter
6. Renal veins
26. (i) Uremiab (ii)Renal failure
(iii) Kidney stores
(iv) Oedema
(v) Skin diseases
(vi) Diabetes
(vii) Cancer
7. Urinary bladder
27. waste products
5. (i) Urea
(ii) Salt
(iii) Water
8. • It is because excess water is lost as 28. • They remove excess water and salt
urine through the kidney.
from the body.
• It is because of the body’s need to
• Both are excretory organs..
filter more blood than normal since
blood is rushing to vital organs at a 29. Bladder
higher frequency.
30. Through the renal veins.
9. I
31. urine, ureter
10. Renal artery
32. excrete
11. It helps to filter blood of a 50 year old
lady from waste and toxins.
12. Ureter
13. It is filtered.
52
button, point to Programs and then
move your pointer on the Microsoft
Office sub-menu, select Microsoft
Office Excel.
How to End: After using Microsoft
Office Excel, click on the File menu
and select Exit.
70. It is the collection of computers that
share information through wireless
and fiber optic technology.
them.
(iv) Not to commit cyber crimes.
(v) To create a firewall to avoid
hackers.
76. (i) Moral decay. (ii) Destruction of culture.
(iii) People spend much time on the
internet.
(iv) People learn bad behaviour from
the internet.
(v) Increased cyber crime.
71. (i) To search for information.
(ii) Sending and receiving messages.
77. (i) Cyber bullying happens.
(iii) For Entertainment.
(ii) Increases the risk of isolation,
(iv) For Advertisement.
alienation and racism.
(v) For shopping and purchasing
(iii) Illegal and inappropriate
different items. (vi) For learning.
material that isn’t age-appropriate.
72. (i) Using passwords to thwart theft
78. (i) Education should be provided on
of personal information.
the proper use of internet.
(ii) Using firewalls to thwart
(ii) Strict laws should be implemented.
spamming.
(iii) Some websites should be
(iii) Using antivirus to thwart virus
banned.
threats.
(iv) Blocking pornographic sites.
79. It is the message sent through the
internet.
73. It is the process of taking hardware
and software preventive measures to 80. (i) It stores information and data.
protect the underlying networking
(ii) It gives instructions.
infrastructure from unauthorised
(iii) It helps to send and receive
access.
information.
Or
(iv) It helps to contact and
It is the practice of preventing and
communicate to people.
protecting against unauthorised
(v) More documents like videos,
intrusion into networks.
photos and files are shared.
(vi) It is easy and cheap to send.
74. (i) To reduce the risk of data theft
and sabotage.
81. (i) It increases the risk of hacking,
(ii) It helps in ensuring individual
spyware, spam and virus.
information is safe.
(ii) It maybe used to commit crimes.
(iii) To protect the network from
(ii) It may increase the costs of the
harmful software.
internet services.
75. (i) Encrypting the internet network
to prevent access from other people. 82. (i) Don’t share passwords.
(ii) Do not open spam email.
(ii) To ensure the network is reliable
(iii) Use strong passwords.
interms of connectivity.
(iv) Always log out of your email.
(iii) Using passwords and not sharing
25
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(iv) Avoid using public internet
network that is shared by the public.
83. (i) To send and receive information.
(ii) To save and store documents,
data and information.
(iii) To contact people and
communicate with them.
(iv) To document interactions.
84. Password
85. (i) Cable (ii) Wireless
(iii) Satellite (iv) Cellular
(v) Dial-up
(vi) V.P.N
86. (i) Malware (ii) Computer Virus
(iii) Phishing attacks
(iv) Trojan Horse (v) Root kits
(iv) Purchasing and selling items.
(v) Downloading documents.
(vi) Marketing products and services.
(vii) Electronic mail services
(viii) Interaction through the social
media platforms.
93. A browser is a computer program
with a geographical user interface for
displaying HTML files used to
navigate the World Wide Web.
94. (i) Exposure to spam, virus and
hacking.
(ii) Can be used to commit cyber crimes.
(iii) You must be connected to the
internet to gain access to the email.
95. information
87. (i) Anti-virus (ii) Windows Defender 96. (i) Internet Service Provider
(iii) Firewall
(ii) Availability of data.
(iii) Network accessibility
88. E-mail
(iv) Computer or mobile telephone
89. (i) It saves data.
97. (i) CD (ii) Flash Disk (iii) Projector
(ii) It helps to send and receive
information fast.
98. (i) They are used to transmit
(iii) It is secure.
communication.
(iv) It can be sent to anyone and
(ii) They are used to receive and send
from anywhere so long as there is
signals.
internet connection.
(iii) They are used to boost the
(v) Electronic mail can be sent any
network.
time and received.
99. (i) Radio (ii) Television (iii) Radar
90. (i) Google Chrome
(ii) ASK.com
(iv) Telephone
(iii) Internet Explorer
100. (i) They are economical.
(iv) Mozilla Firefox
(ii) They are light in weight.
(v) You Tube (vi) Yahoo (vii) Safari
(iii) They are portable.
(viii) Opera / Opera Mini
(iv) They do not receive unwanted
(ix) duckduckgo (x) Bing
signals.
(xi) MSN search
(v) They can capture waves from any
91. Modem,
directions.
92. (i) Learning
(ii) Getting documents.
(iii) Doing registrations and making
applications.
101. • They can easily break or be
damaged.
• Their efficiency depends on the
range of transmission.
26
19. • Inhalation is the breathing in of air
while exhalation is the breathing out
of air.
• Oxygen is taken into the blood
during inhalation while carbon
dioxide is taken out of blood during
exhalation.
• Inhalation allows the diaphragm
to contract by moving down while
exhalation relaxes it and it becomes
dome shaped by moving up.
20. It allows the lungs to expand and
contract in order to let air in and out
of the body.
21. Alveoli or Air sac
the lungs when it allows the lungs to
expand and contract.
32. brain
33. When the diaphragm contracts, it
moves down towards the abdomen.
This movement of the muscles causes
the lungs to expand and fill with air.
When the muscles relax, the thoraic
cavity gets smaller, the volume of the
lungs decreases and air is expelled.
34. (i) Exhaled air contains less oxygen
and more carbon dioxide while
inhaled air contains more oxygen.
(ii) Exhaled air is warmer than inhaled
air.
22. D
35. Running, Playing
23. (i) It damages the airways and the
small air sacs found in the lungs.
(ii) Smoking cigarettes causes lung
cancer.
36. (i) Asthma
(ii) Pneumonia
(iii) Lung cancer (iii) Pleurisy
(iv) Tuberculosis (v) Bronchitis
24. Nose
37. Asthma
38. Cold, dusty environment, irritants,
allergies
25. trachea
26. alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs
39. Through medication, using inhalers
and avoiding allergens.
27. (i) To transport oxygen to the air sac.
(ii) To remove carbon dioxide from 40. (i) Shortness of breath.(ii) Coughing
(iii) Tightness of ribs.(iv) Wheezing
the lungs.
(v) Chest tightness or pain.
(iii) Allows the passage of air.
(iv) It connects the larynx to the
41. Smoking
bronchi of the lungs.
42. (i)Tuberculosis (ii)Pleurisy
28. alveoli or epithelial cells
(iii)Diptheria (iv)Whooping cough
29. lungs
43. Bronchitis
30. The diaphragm contracts and moves 44. (i) Forceful severe rapid coughs with
downwards which increases the
a whoop.
(ii) Runny nose.
space in your chest cavity and your
(iii)
Throat
pain
and hoarseness.
lungs expand into it. The muscles
(iv) Nasal congestion. (v) Vomiting
between your ribs enlarge the chest
cavity too and then they contract to
(vi) Exhaustion
pull your rib cage both upward and
45. Lung cancer
outward when you inhale.
31. It helps to breathe air in and out of
46. (i) Whooping cough (ii) Pneumonia
51
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
(v) Pressure and tightness in your
chest or arms.
(vi) Angina
92. (i) Death
(ii) Damage to heart muscles.
(iii) Angina
93. (i) Physical exercises
(ii) Avoid smoking.
(iii) Eating a healthy diet.
(iv) Avoid drug abuse.
1. lungs, nose, mouth.
2. gills
3. spiracles
4. (i) Frog (ii) Dog
(iii) Cat
(ANY OTHER CORRECT ANSWERS)
5. Lungs
6. Oxygen diffuses into blood vessels
and then it is transported to other
parts of the body.
7. Respiration
8. oxidization
9. Breathing
10. (i) Carbohydrates (ii) Energy
(iii) Heat
11. glycogen
12. (i) To give body energy.
(ii) To emulsify salts.
13. It diffuses out of the cells and
transported by blood to the lungs
where it is removed out of the body
through the nose.
14. It is because the nose can trap dust
and any germs that may enter using
the mucus and air in it as well as
the warmth unlike the mouth which
allows anything to enter.
15. (i) It is filtered.
(ii) The air is moistured.
(iii) The dust in it is trapped.
(iv) The air is warmed.
16. germs
17. • It traps dust and germs.
• It moistens the air taken in.
18. (i) Mucus (ii) Hair
50
102. They are used to transmit radio
waves.
103. They operate over a wide range of
bandwidth.
104. It is because it covers a small area
of transmission.
105. Yagi-Uda antenna.
106. (i) It is because they are cheap to
buy.
(ii) Because they are easy to
maintain and to repair.
(iii) It is because they are efficient
and reliable.
(iv) It is because they do not use a
lot of electricity.
107. (i) The weather can affect its
function.
(ii) It is easily distructed or its
waves can be interfered with.
108. (i) Satellite
(ii) Television broadcasting centre.
(iii) Meteorological stations.
109. dish
110. • It is because they are efficient in
transmitting and receiving signals.
• It is because they cover a wide
distance.
111. • They are affected by weather
conditions.
• They are expensive to use,
maintain and buy.
112. (i) Aeroplanes (ii) Mobile telephones
(iii) Missiles.
113. They are lightweight.
114. • They are expensive to install
• They need complex systems to
operate.
• High maintenance is required now
and then.
27
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
UNIT 6: FIRST AID
1. It is the help given to a person,victim
or patient before taking him or her to
the hospital for further treatment.
2. (i) Bandage
(iii) Razor blade
(v) Comfort and re-assure the victim.
(vi) Obtain medical assistance if
necessary.
(vii) Cool the burn as quickly as
possible with cool running water.
(viii) Carefully remove the clothing
unless it is attached to the skin.
(ix) Avoid causing hypothermia to the
victim.
(x) Do not use ice or gel to avoid the
risk of infection.
(xi) Allow the burn to get fresh air.
(ii) Scissors
3. Fainting
4. (i) To save life. (ii) To reduce pain.
(iii) To prevent death.
5. Put the victim in a place with
sufficient fresh air. Lay the victim
down on his or her back while facing
11. (i) Warm water (ii) Alkaline
up. Find out whether the victim is
breathing. If not, give him or her
(iii) Clean clothes or cotton wool
CPR.Remove the shoes, loosen the
(iv) Antibiotics (v) Painkillers
belt and clothes of the victim. Raise
(vi) Gloves
the legs to make blood flow back to
the head.
12. It helps to move or carry victims or
patients who are unconcious or can’t
6. (i) Check the victim if he or she is
walk.
breathing.
(ii) Not to crowd around the victim. 13. Scalds are burns or injuries caused by
a hot liquid or steam.
7. (i) Lack of fresh air. (ii) Electric shock
14. (i) Wound (ii) Blisters (iii) Charred skin
(iii) Receiving bad news.
(iv) Swelling (v) Red skin
(iv) Fear (v) Being hit. (vi) Epilepsy
(vii) Extreme hunger and thirst.
15. Cool the burn with cool running
(viii) Standing for a long time.
water until the pain is relieved.
Remove the clothing unless it is
8. (i) Hospital (ii) Clinic (iii) Dispensary
attached to the skin.
9. (i) Fire (ii) Acid
16. Third degree
(iii) Hot water or porridge
(iv) Exposure to heat and hot objects. 17. To avoid swelling.
(v) Cooking
18. First degree burns
10. (i) Do not apply oil or chemicals with
oil creams, lotions or sprays on the
burn.
(ii) Do not wrap the burnt area.
(iii) Assess the situation quickly and
calmly.
(iv) Protect the victim and yourself
from any damage.
19. It helps cut the oxygen supply and
extinguish the fire.
20. (i) First degree burns
(ii) Second
degree burns
(iii) Third degree
burns
21. Third degree burns
22. Cover the burn with clean cloth or
28
smoking. (iv) High cholestrol.
(v) Insulin resistance, obesity or
diabetes.
bulging on your legs.
(viii) Itching around the veins.
72. (i) Lifestyle changes such as eating a
healthy diet and doing exercises.
(ii) Medication (iii) Surgical procedures.
(iv) Manage stress.
73. Sickel cell anaemia
74. (i) Pain and fatigue.
(ii) Delayed growth or puberty.
(iii) Vision problem. (iv) Swelling
(v) Anaemia
75. (i) Swelling of some parts of the
body.
(ii) Damages nerves and organs.
(iii) Blocks blood flow to organs.
(iv) Deprives the affected organs of
blood and oxygen.
(v) Increased pain.
76. (i) Medication
(ii) Blood transfusion
(iii) Bone marrow transplant.
77. Sickle cell
78. Varicose veins
81. (i) Through surgery.
(ii) By wearing special firm
stockings.
(iii) Avoid standing for long hours.
(iv) Excercise by walking.
(v) Therapy
(vi) Watch your weight and diet.
82. Blood pressure is the pressure of
circulating blood on the walls of the
blood vessels.
83. (i) Memory loss. (ii) Stroke
(iii) Chest pain. (iv) Heart attack
(v) Complications in pregnancy.
(vi) Dementia
84. cardiac arrest
85. (i) Smoking habit.
(ii) Eating too much fatty food.
(iii) Alcohol abuse.
(iv) Lack of physical exercises.
(v) Drug abuse.
86. Haemophilia
87. (i) Bruises
(ii) Bleeding
(iii) Blood in urine or stool.
(iv) Convulsions or seizures.
79. • Weak or damaged vein walls and
valves.
• Increase in blood pressure.
88. blood component or blood platelets
• Obesity
• Standing or sitting for long periods 89. • Starving the heart of oxygen.
of time.
• The condition of coronary artery
disease.
• Pregnancy
90. (i) Doing physical exercises.
80. (i) Pain in the lungs.
(ii) Illicit drug use must be avoided.
(ii) Skin ulcers near the ankles.
(iii) Eating a healthy diet.
(iii) Visible and enlarged veins.
(iv) Maintaining a healthy weight.
(iv) Veins that are dark purple or blue
in colour.
(v) Managing stress.
(v) Swelling in your lower legs.
91. (i) Fatigue (ii) Cold sweat
(vi) Muscle cramping.
(iii) Shortness of breath.
(vii) Veins that appear twisted and
(iv) Indigestion and heartburn
49
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
54. • They help form clots to stop
bleeding.
• Thrombocytes help wounds heal.
55. Blood circulatory system is the
group of organs that are involved in
circulating blood throught the whole
body.
67.
56. The pulmonary vein empties
68.
oxygen-rich blood from the lungs
into the left autrium of the heart. As
the autrium contracts blood flows
from the left autrium into the left
ventricle through the open mistral
valve.
collect in the blood stream which
causes unhealthy cells.
• Disrupts the production of healthy
white blood cells.
• Damages to the immunity system.
• My lead to death.
atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis
• By controlling blood sugar
through diet, oral medication and
insulin.
• Through healthy eating and
physical exercises.
• Through blood sugar monitoring
and regular screening for
complications is also required.
57. (i) Pulmonary veins (ii) 9 (iii) 2
(iv) 7
(v) 8
69. (i) Lack of feelings in the legs or arms.
(vi) The blood moving there is
(ii) Weakness and dizziness.
higher in carbon dioxide and lower
(iii) Pain in the legs when walking.
in oxygen therefore it has to be taken
to the lungs for oxygenation.
(iv) Muscle weakness in your legs
from lack of circulation.
58. (i) The blood
(ii) The heart
(v) Fatigue
(iii) Blood vessel
(vi) Shortness of breath.
59. (i) Diabetes (ii) Sickle cell anaemia
(vii) Chest pain.
(iii) Heart attack
(viii) Blockage affects the brain
severely hence confusion.
60. After digestion, food is released into
the blood stream to add nutrients
70. (i) Injuries to the feet and arms.
that have to be transported by blood
(ii) Open sores on the feet or arms.
throughout the whole body.
(iii) Death of body tissues on the legs
or arms. (iv) Heart attack
61. high blood pressure
(v) Stroke
62. Leukaemia
(vi) Clogged arteries can trigger a
heart attack.
63. (i) Fever (ii) Feeling weak or tired.
(vii) It causes numbness.
(iii) Pain in the bones and joints.
(viii) Slurred speech and difficulty in
64. (i) Through chemotherapy.
speaking.
(ii) Through blood transfusion.
(iv) It causes angina.
(iii) Through intravenous
71. (i) Arteriosclerosis is caused
transfusion.
sometimes by a blood clot that
(iv) Through bone marrow transplant
completely blocks blood flow or
and stem cell transplant.
even breaks apart.
(ii) Arteriosclerosis causes high
65. Diabetes
blood pressure.
66. • Cells reproduce abnormally and
(iii) Arteriosclerosis is caused by
48
cotton wool and apply antibiotics.
23. Remove the victim from danger.
Cover the victim with a blanket.
Remove the clothes the victim is
wearing and jewellery.
Cool the burns with cool running
water.Check for any breathing
problems.
Calm the victim down for any shock
and panic.Refer the victim to the
hospital.
24. Give boiled water that has cooled
regularly. Give oral rehydration
solution or product.
25. Contaminated food and drinks.
35. A sprain is the stretching or tearing of
ligaments.
36. Drowning is when someone has
difficulty in breathing because their
nose and mouth are submerged in a
liquid.
37. By pressing the stomach of the victim
gently several times.
38. life jacket
39. • Try resuscitation by pumping air
through his or her mouth using your
mouth.
• Press down his or chest to get him or her
to breathe.
40. Take the victim out of water. Lay
the victim horizontally while facing
upward.Press down his or her stomach
to remove the water.Pump air through
27. • To restore energy.
his or her mouth using your mouth
• To restore water lost from the body.
if he or she is not breathing.Turn the
victim to face down and rise the legs
28.An accident is an unfortunate incident
and abdomen of the victim’s body.
that happens unexpectedly and
Take the victim to the hospital.
unintentionally resulting in damage
41. Venom
or injury.
42. fangs
29. (i) Burns (ii) Bites (iii) Drowning
(iv) Cuts (v) Scalds (vi) Bone fractures 43. (i) Avoid playing in dangerous places.
(ii) Ensure a safe environment.
(vii) Bruises (viii) Sprains
(iii) Put on a safety belt and a helmet.
30. Bone fracture
(iv) Use a life jacket when swimming
or travelling on water.
31. A bone fracture is the breaking or
cracking of the bones.
(v) Slash tall grass.
26. • Loss of water and salts.
• Dehydration
32. • Do not apply pressure on the
44. Make the victim rest and remove any
protruding bone.
tight clothing or jewellery around a
bitten part. Use a piece of cloth or
• Control the bleeding.
bandage to tie up the upper part of the
• Keep the casualty still.
body. Put the victim on a stretcher.
• Monitor the breathing of the victim.
Take the victim to the hospital.
33. To avoid suffering common accidents.
45. To reduce spreading of poison in the
body.
34. Deal with shock first.Stop the
bleeding and cover the wound. Secure
(ii) Severe pain
the broken part with padding.Support 46. (i) Swelling
(iii) Redness (iv) Bruising and
the broken bone to avoid hanging.
29
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
bleeding. (v) Blisters
(vi) Puncture marks at the wound.
47. (i) Fire
(ii) Snake bite
(iii) Falling from the tree.
(iv) Hitting oneself.
(v) Bites from dogs.
(vi) Touching electric wires.
(vii) Stings (viii) Swallowing poison.
(ix) Spilling hot liquids and food.
48. (i) Cuts (ii) Burns (iii) Scalds
(iv) Sprains (v) Fractures (vi)Bruises
(iii) Play away from the road.
(iv) Clear broken bottles, glasses and
sharp objects away.
(v) Be aware of roaming dogs, snakes
and insects.
50. (i) Do not use a tourniquet.
(ii) Do not cut into the wound.
(iii) The victim should not drink or eat
anything.
(iv) Do not try to suck out the venom.
21. Pancreas
24. Pulmonary artery
38. (i) Oxygen travels from the tiny air
sacs in the lungs through the walls of
the capillaries into the blood.
(ii) Carbon dioxide passes from the
blood into the air sacs.
25. Pulmonary vein
39. Auricle / atrium / atria
26. Lumen
40. Capillaries
27. Pulmonary artery
41. Tricuspid and bicuspid valves
42. (i) Bicuspid valve
(ii) Tricuspid valve
22. (i) Arteries (ii) Veins (iii) Capillaries
23. Arteries
43. aorta, vena cava
44. V
29. valve
UNIT 7: FIRE AND SAFETY SIGNS
1. Safety signs are signs meant to
prohibit, warn us about health and
safety.
image on a white background.
(ii) They prohibit us.
7. Warning signs are safety signs with a
2. • They warn us of hazards and danger.
yellow colour that has a black image
• They indicate mandatory actions or
instructing us to be careful and take
required use.
precaution.
• They prohibit actions.
8. Emergency signs are safety signs that
• They help us to take into account
are green in colour and instruct us to
precautions.
exit.
3. (i) Prohibit safety signs.
9. Fire
(ii) Warning safety signs.
10. (i) Fuel (ii) Oxygen (iii) Heat
(iii) Mandatory safety signs.
(iv) Emergency safety signs.
11. (i) Faulty electrical wiring
(ii) Lightning (iii) Cigarette smoking
4. (i) On roads (ii) On medicine
5. They are safety signs that are red in
colour and instruct us to stop, vacate
or deny us entry and warn us of
danger.
(iii) To prevent blood from flowing
backwards.
28. • They transport oxygenated blood.
• They have thicker walls.
• They receive blood at a far greater
pressure.
49. (i) By keeping away from fire and hot
things.
(ii) By avoiding touching electric
sockets, wires, plugs, switches, and
appliances especially when you are
wet.
(iii) On chemicals (iv) On buildings
oxygen.
12. (i) Class A fire (ii) Class B fire
(iii) Class C fire (iv) Class D fire
(v) Class E fire (vi) Class F fire
13. (i) Electrical appliances
6. (i) They are red in colour with a black
(ii) Burning candle (iii) Friction
30
45. Y
30. • They have thin walls.
• Veins have valves.
• Veins carry deoxygenated blood.
46. It prevents blood from flowing back
into the auricle when pumped into
auricles.
31. Pulmonary vein
47. Aorta
32. To carry blood away from the heart.
33. (i) Arteries transport blood from the
heart to the rest of the body while
veins transport blood to the heart from
various parts of the body.
(ii) Arteries have thick elastic walls
while veins have thin less elastic
walls.
(iii) Arteries have no valves while
veins have valves.
(iv) Arteries carry pure, oxygenated
and nutrient rich blood while veins
carries impure, deoxygenated blood.
34. 72 times
35. Plasma
36. Bicuspid valve
37. (i) The walls are thin because they
need more room to hold the blood.
(ii) They carry blood under low
pressure.
48. Blood circulatory system
49. • Heart attack • Sickle cell anaemia
• Leukemia
• High blood pressure
50. It is because the left ventricle pumps
blood to the whole body against
higher pressure compared to the right
ventricle.
51. Diffusion
52. Pulmonary veins carry blood rich in
oxygen to the left side of the heart
while pulmonary arteries carry blood
low in oxygen from the right side of
the heart.
53. (i) Capillaries have thin walls and are
one cell thick.
(ii) They have no valves.
(iii) Capillaries allow the exchange of
substances with body tissues.
47
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
HUMAN BLOOD CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM.
1. To transport oxygen from the lungs to
the cells of the body.
2. Blood is the red fluid found in the
body of human beings and other
animals.
3. (i) Red blood cells
(ii) White blood cells
(iii) Blood platelets
(iv) Blood plasma
4. Heart
5. White blood cells
6. Iron
7. Blood platelets
8. antibodies
9. (i) Lymphocytes
(ii) Monocytes
stretching.
• To Prepare the heart for an increase
in activity.
14. blood
15. A small tear in a blood vessel wall
causes blood to flow out through the
tear, then the blood vessel narrows
limiting blood flow through the
vessel. Tiny cells called platelets are
then activated sticking to one another
on the wound site to form a plug.
Fibrin a strong, strand-like substance
is produced to surround the platelet
plug and forms a fibrin clot, a mesh•
like net that keeps the plug firm and
stable. The clot strengthens and then
dissolves as the wounded blood
vessel wall heals.
16. (i) Waste products (ii) Nutrients
(iii) Oxygen (iv) Carbon dioxide
(v) Heat (vi) Hormones
10. (i) It closes wounds.
17. (i) Electrolytes (ii) Gases
(ii) It prevents excessive loss
(iii) Nutrients (iv) Amino acids
of blood when a blood vessel is
(v) Proteins
(vi) Enzymes
injured.
(vii) Hormones
(iii) It prevents germs from entering
the body through the wound.
18. • They have a biconcave disc shape
which maximizes the surface area
(iv) Stops bleeding by forming a clot
of the cell membrane for oxygen to
over the injury.
diffuse across.
11. nucleus
• Red blood cells are tiny and
flexible so they can squeeze through
12. • Oxygenated blood is carrying
the narrowest of blood capillaries to
more of oxygen to deliver to body
deliver oxygen.
tissues while deoxygenated blood
is carrying more of carbondioxide 19. white blood cells, red blood cells
to be expelled from the body.
20. (i) Red blood cells are made in the
• Oxygenated blood flows away
red bone marrow while white blood
from the heart while deoxygenated
cells are made in the yellow bone
blood flows towards the heart.
marrow.
13. • To increases delivery of oxygen
(ii) Red blood cells contain a
and nutrients to the muscles by
pigment called haemoglobin while
increasing the blood flow towards
white blood cells contain antibodies.
them.
(iii) Red blood cells carry oxygen
while white blood cells do not carry
• To Prepare the players’ muscles for
46
14.The burning of solid substances.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
29. • By storing combustible metal in a
safe and secured containers.
(i) Paper (ii) Sponge (iii) Grass
• By carrying out sufficient fire safety
(iv) Plastic (v) Cloth
checks and regular maintenance.
• By undertaking regular and
• By using sand.
comprehensive fire risk
• By using water.
assessments.
• By using a blanket.
• By installing dry powder fire
extinguishers.
Flammable liquids
(i) Petrol (ii) Alcohol (iii) Grease 30. • Laboratories
• Warehouses
(iv) Kerosene (v) Paint (vi) Acetone
• Factories
• By using a fire blanket.
• Power plants
• By using a dry sand.
31. Fire is a burning process in which
• By using a fire extinguisher.
flammable or combustible substances
combine chemically with oxygen
• It is because water has oxygen in it
to give out light, smoke and other
which supports combustion.
products.
• It is because water will only
spread the flammable liquid since 32. A fire extinguisher is a portable
they are immiscible.
apparatus that discharges water, foam,
gas or any other chemical to put out
Class C fire
fire.
(i) Methane (ii) Propane
33. (i) By using sand.
(iii) Acetylene (iv) Butane
(ii) Through the fire brigade.
(v) Vinyl chloride (vi) Ethylene
(iii) By using a fire extinguisher.
23. • By using a carbondioxide fire
extinguisher.
• By using dry powder fire
extinguisher.
24. It helps to cool the gas cylinder of
the flammable gas to prevent it from
explosion.
25. • control
• stop
• manage
26. flammable metal
27. (i) Magnesium (ii) Titanium
(iii) Sodium (iv) Potassium
(v) Uranium (vi) Lithium
(vii) Plutonium (viii) Calcium
28. dry powder fire extinguisher
(iv) By covering the fire with a fire
blanket.
34. A Class F fire is the one which
involves cooking oil or fat.
35. • By using a wet chemical fire
extinguisher.
• By using a fire blanket
36. The use of water should be avoided.
37. • By using dry sand.
• By using carbondioxide fire
extinguisher.
• By using powder fire extinguisher.
• By using automatic fire extinguisher.
• By switching off the main switch.
38. (i) The use of right fire extinguisher
for the relevant class of fire.
31
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(ii) The main switch should be
put off when an electrical fault
occurs.
(iii) Water should not be used as
it has oxygen which supports
burning and can spread the fire
too.
(iv) People should evacuate where
there is a fire.
50. indicators
51. • Litmus paper
• Methyl
• Thymol
52. (a) Biohazard
(b) Emergency meeting point
(c) Corrosive material
(d) Explosive material
39. An acid is a chemical substance that
tastes sour.
53. Red Colour
40. (i) Natural acid (ii) Artificial acid
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
54. (i) Glove wearing (ii) Wearing boots
(iii) Wearing protective overalls
(i) Hydrochloric acid
(iv) Safety glasses
(ii) Acetic acid (iii) Citric acid
(v) Breathing masks
(iv) Lactic acid
(vi) Face shields
(i) Nitric acid (ii) Sulphuric acid
(vii) Hearing protection
(viii) Hand wash and any other
(i) Acids are used in the digestion of
physical safety signs.
food.
(ii) Acids are used to manufacture
55. (i) Blue (ii) Green (iii) Red
different products.
(iv) Yellow
(iii) They add flavour to food.
56. Flammable safety sign.
(iv) They are used in various
investigations.
57. Emphasised protection against
flying, sharp or rough edges,
Ink, Fertilizers, Dye, Car batteries
splashes of molten materials, sparks
Paint, Detergent, Insectcides
and emphasise protection from
infrared ultraviolet radiations.
A base is a chemical substance with
a slippery feel and a bitter taste.
58. (i) Presence of school fences.
(i) Ashes (ii) Soap
(ii) Presence of school watchman
(iii) Fire assembly points (other
(i) They are used to remove stains.
related safety for pupil in school to
(ii) They make medicine and other
avoid accidents)
chemicals.
59. • Indicates caution
(iii) They breakdown fats.
• Prohibited / warning
(iv) They reduce the amount of acids
in the body.
60. Smoking is not allowed in these areas.
(v) They are used to carry out
laboratory investigations.
48. • They are corrosive.
• They can erode or burn materials.
(iv) When there is too much gas in
the stomach.
(iii) Nausea or vomitting
(iv) Fatty food intolerance.
(v) Feeling of fullness, bloating or
belching.
(vi) Unexplained weight loss.
(vii) Trouble breathing.
29. Ingestion is the intake of food into
the body where as egestion is the
elimination of waste resulting from
digestion out of the body.
30. (i) Through regular physical
exercises.
(ii) Cut back on fatty acids.
(iii) Avoid fizzy drinks.
(iv) Eat and drink slowly.
(v) Quit smoking.
(vi) Don’t chew gum.
(vii) Avoid food that causes gas.
40. An enzyme is a catalyst which speeds
up the rate of digestion.
41. Salivary amylase or ptyalin.
42. Pharynx
43. Amylase
44. Peristalsis
31. • Reduces the risk of chronic diseases. 45. To seal off the windpipe during
swallowing.
• Helps to reach and maintain a
healthy weight.
46. • For the creation of saliva.
• It strengthens body immunity.
• Maintains the balance of body
fluids.
32. (i) Eating a balanced diet.
• Cools the body.
(ii) Eating and drinking clean and safe
• Helps in digestion.
food.
47. (i) To receive food and liquids.
(iii) Doing physical exercises.
(ii) To mix up the food and liquid
(iv) Proper meals time table and
with the digestive juice.
eating well cooked food.
(iii) To pass the food into the small
(v) Drinking plenty of water.
intestine.
33. The digestive system is important
for breaking down the ingested food 48. (i) Protease (ii) Amylase (iii) Lipase
(iv) Pepsin
into nutrients which the body uses for
different functions.
49. Liver
34. dentist
50. Gall bladder
35. Appendicitis
51. Bile
36. Ulcers
52. Pancreas
37. Heartburn
53. Rectum
38. • By eating meals in time.
54. Blood stream
• Avoid eating acidic foods.
55. Villi
• Taking medications.
• Through surgery.
56. (i) Pepsin
(ii) Lipase
39. (i) Burning stomach pain.
(ii) Heartburn
49. Acetic acid
32
45
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
UNIT 10 - HUMAN BODY SYSTEM
1. • Digestion is the breakdown of food
into small substances to realease
energy.
• Digestion is the breakdown of food
into small substances so as to be
absorbed by the body.
• Storage of glycogen, vitamins, and
minerals.
16. • To kill germs.
• Provides the acidic condition
necessary for the action of gastric
enzymes.
2. (i) Liver (ii) Pancrease
(iii) Gall bladder (iv) Stomach
17. Amino acids
3. Alimentary canal
4. Stomach
5. Digestion begins in the mouth because
the food needs to be chewed first
by the teeth,breaking it into smaller
particles which are mixed with the
saliva, so as to move easily through the
oesophagus to the stomach.
The saliva also contains the enzyme
known as salivary amylase which
begins breaking down of starch in the
food.
6. Small intestine
7. P - colon
8. Egestion or defecation
9. It has villi with a layer of thin cells
that allow diffusion into the blood
stream and also a large surface area
to help with the retention of digested
food.
10. Mouth (H)
11. M
12. Pancreatic juice
13. M
14. K
15. • To produce and secrete bile juice.
• To remove bile acids from the body.
• Detoxification and purification of
blood.
18. (i) Chemical digestion
(ii) Mechanical digestion
19. gullet or food pipe
UNIT 8: HIV/AIDS
1. a virus called HIV (Human
Immunodeficiency Virus)
2. (i) Through sexual intercourse.
(ii) Through blood transfusion.
(iii) Mother to child during birth.
(iv) Sharing sharp objects.
3.
20. alimentary canal
21. Carbohydrates
22. digestion
4.
23. • It moistens and lubricates food,
making the food easier to swallow.
• It contains an enzyme called salivary
amylase or ptyalin that digests starch
to glucose.
24. (i) Ulcers (ii) Heartburn
(iii) Constipation (iv) Indigestion
(v) Toothache
25. Eating too much carbohydrates in the
body.
26. (i) Because of the result of eating
contaminated food.
(ii) Because of failure to drink water
or fluids.
(iii) Because of food poisoning.
(iv) Because of stress.
(v) Because of chronic medical conditions.
(vi) Because of certain medications.
27. To chew food.
28. (i) When there is too much
bloating.
(ii) When you have diarrhoea.
(iii) When you have stomach cramps.
44
5.
6.
7. Stigmatization is the action of
describing or regarding someone or
something as worthy of disgrace or
great disapproval.
8. (i) By ensuring him or her takes daily
medicine.
(ii) Do not isolate him or her.
(i) Diarrhoea
(ii) Vomiting
(iii) By counselling him or her.
(iii) Dry cough
(iv) High fever
(iv) Taking him or her to
(v) Losing body weight within a short
health centres for checkup and
time.
medication.
(vi) Sores of the mouth, anus or genitals.
(v) Advising her or him to use a
(vii) Pneumonia (viii) Recurring fevers.
condom if sex desires arise.
(ix) Swollen lymph nodes.
(vi) Giving him or her a balanced
diet.
(i) Abstaining from sex.
(vii) Supporting and respecting HIV/
(ii) Avoiding blood transfusion unless
AIDS victims.
it is safe.
(iii) Avoiding sharing sharp objects. 9. Blood check-up or testing.
(iv) Wearing gloves when touching
10. (i) Reduces the victim’s life span.
someone’s blood.
(ii) Loss of a job.
(v) Following directions from a
(iii) Reduces body immunity.
specialist if you are a mother who is
(iv) Creates fear about the infected
pregnant.
person.
(vi) Using a condom when having sex.
(v) Family disintegration.
(i) Razor blade
(ii) Pair of scissors
(vi) The individual victim becomes
(iii) Needle
(iv) Knives
lonely.
(v) Toothbrush
(vi) Metal
(vii) The individual faces
(vii) Syringe
stigmatization.
(viii) Reduces interactions with
(i) Abstaining from sex.
others.
(ii) Being faithful to your partner.
(iii) Using a condom if sex need
11. (i) Rejection and discrimination
arises.
against HIV/AIDS victims.
(iv) Avoiding sharing sharp objects.
(ii) Avoiding eating with HIV/AIDS
victims.
(v) Not touching blood with bare
hands.
(iii) Avoiding sitting near an HIV/
AIDS victim.
(vi) Sleeping with HIV/AIDS victim.
(iv) Avoiding any friendship,
(vii) Sharing clothes with an HIV/
cooperation or friendship with an
AIDS victim as well as toilet, food
HIV/AIDS victim.
and drinks.
(v) Teasing and bullying an infected
(viii) Closed mouth kissing.
person.
33
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(vi) Abusing HIV/AIDS victims.
and stress to family members.
(v) Poverty may increase.
12. (i) By giving education to the
community about the bad effects of
18. (i) To prevent death.
stigmatization.
(ii) To reduce the spread of it.
(ii) To emphasize the rights of people
(iii) To give hope to the victims.
living with HIV/AIDS in the society.
(iv) To reduce the amount of HIV in
(iii) To empower the people living with
your blood system.
HIV by creating awareness of their
(v) To keep one healthy and prevent
rights.
illness.
(iv) To remove barriers from access to
(vi) To prolong life.
HIV testing and treatment services.
(v) Provide knowledge about the facts 19. It is because HIV/AIDS is mostly
on HIV/AIDS to the people.
spread through sexual intercourse.
(vi) Enforcing laws that are equal to
20. Prick the finger with a special device.
everyone.
Place drops of blood on a special
(vii) Maintaining privacy and
treated card.The results will be
confidentiality of those who are HIV/
Positive if two lines will appear or will
AIDS victims.
be Negative if one line appears.
13. tissues
21. rapid test
14. energy and heat
22. western blot test or a laboratory test
15. chicken, beef, beans, eggs, fish (ANY 23. The inside of the mouth is swabbed
OTHER CORRECT ANSWER)
using a test stick to collect an oral fluid
sample which is tested for the presence
16. (i) Start taking ARVs.
of HIV antibodies.
(ii) Avoid sharing blood.
24. (i) Prolonging life.
(iii) Eat a balanced diet
(ii) Reducing pain and suffering.
(iv) Abstain from sex.
(iii) Makes the patient healthier.
(v) Should seek guidance and
counselling.
25. HIV affects the white blood cells and
(vi) Avoid the risk of transmission to
fights them hence losing the defence
other people.
resulting to the death after regular
deficiency attacks of different diseases
(vii) Pregnant women with HIV/AIDS
on the immune system.
should seek immediate healthcare to
avoid mother to child transmission.
26. (i) The patient suffers a lot due to the
(viii) Should have protected sex.
disease.
(ii) The patient cannot participate in
17. (i) Families disintegrate.
the economic activities hence becomes
(ii) Family members, relatives and the
unproductive.
society are left with dependants and
(iii) Medications and diagnosis
orphans.
consume a lot of money which could
(iii) The family and the nation
be used in other family and national
loses manpower and professionals
activities.
who could participate in social and
economic development.
27. (i) Men feel pain and itching of penis
(iv) Increased loneliness, depression
when urinating.
34
101. (i) If someone has a runny nose.
(ii) If someone has inflamed eyes.
(iii) If someone gets a skin rash
made up of large and flat
blotches.
(iv) If someone has a dry cough.
102. • Measles is spread to others
through coughing and sneezing.
• When other people breathe the
contaminated air or touch the
infected surface then touch their
eyes, noses or mouths, they can
become infected.
103. diseases
104. vaccine
105. (i) Loss of appetite. (ii) Chills
(iii) Chest pains
(iv) Pain when coughing and
breathing.
(v) Coughing up blood.
106. Tuberculosis is spread from a sick
person to a healthy person through
the air as the person coughs, speaks,
laughs, sings or sneezes.
107. vaccination
108. Tuberculosis is treated by using
antibiotics and antibacterial
medication.
109. Vaccination is the treatment by
vaccine to produce immunity against
a disease.
110. mouth
111. Bacteria
43
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
85. insulin
(ii) By making sure wounds are well
cared for.
(iii)Through medications.
86. Type-1 diabetes is the type of diabetes
which make the body fail to produce
insulin while Type-2 diabetes is a type 94. (i) Headache
of diabetes which makes the body fail
(ii) Painful muscle stiffness all over
to use the insulin properly.
the body.
87. (i) By eating healthy food.
(iii) Fever and sweating.
(ii) Through the loss of excess
(iv) Sudden, involuntary muscle
weight.
tightening.
(iii) Through regular test and medical
(v) Jaw cramping.
checkup.
(vi) Trouble when swallowing.
88. (i) During the birth of a baby.
(vii) Changes in blood pressure and
fast heart rate.
(ii) Through injuries from
contaminated objects.
(viii) Jerking or seizures.
(iii) When dirt enters a wound or cut. 95. • When a person breathes air droplets
produced by an infected person from
89. (i) Mild itching.
coughing or sneezing.
(ii) Irritation of the eyes and eyelids.
• When a person comes in contact
(iii) Mucus or pus in the eye.
with nasal discharge or throat
(iv) Light sensitivity (v) Eye pain
discharge from an infected person.
90. (i) Loss of appetite. (ii) Tiredness
(iii) Malaise
(iv) Mild fever
(v) Blisters which are filled with pus
and blood. (vi) Rashes
(vii) Headache and backache.
(viii) Sore throat
91. (i) Difficult in breathing or rapid
breathing.
(ii) Nasal discharge.
(iii) A sore in the throat and other
parts like in the mouth.
(iv) Swelling of lymph nodes on the
neck
(v) High fever and headache as well
as chills. (vi) Malaise
96. (i) Rapid and forced cough that are
high-pitched and followed with a
whooping sound.
(ii) Sneezing and a running nose with
thick mucus.
(iii) Uncontrolled fits. (iv) Vomitting
(v) Exhaustion and fatigue.
(vi) Swelling and redness of the face.
(vii) Low grade fever.
97. (i) Vaccination or immunization of the
baby and pregnant woman.
(ii) Quarantine should be enforced.
(iii) Maintaining a high level of
hygiene.
(iv) Administering antibiotics.
92. (i) Through vaccination. (ii) The
98. • Through the air as one coughs or
patients must be taken to the hospital.
sneezes.
(iii) Quarantine should be enforced on
• Through contact with saliva or
the infected people.
mucus of an infected person.
(iv) Proper hygiene and sanitation
99. spreading or being transmitted
should be maintained.
100. Getting vaccinated and keeping
93. (i) Through vaccination.
infected individuals in a quarantine.
42
(ii) Blindness of the newly born
(vi) Hair and weight loss. babies.
(vii) Fatigue and headache.
(iii) Infertility in both men and
(viii) Swollen glands and muscle
women.
pains.
(iv) Discharge of mucus and pus from
38. (i) It leads to hair loss
the genital organs.
(ii) It affects the nervous system.
(v) Pain or swelling.
(iii) It can cause death.
28. (i) Avoid committing irresponsible
39. bacteria
sexual intercourse.
(ii) Avoid sharing clothes such as
underwear and towels.
(iii) Treat the disease to prevent it
from spreading.
(iv) Use a condom for sexual
intercourse.
29. bacteria
30. • Pain or burning sensation when
passing urine.
• An unusual vaginal discharge.
31. Through the transmission from the
pregnant mother during birth.
32. (i) Gonorrhea (ii) Syphilis
(iii) Trichomoniasis (iv) Chlamydia
(v) HIV/AIDS
33. craziness
40. (i) itching of the genitals.
(ii) Pain during urination and sexual
intercourse.
(iii) Abnormal discharge from the
penis.
(iv) Pain in the eyes and testicles.
41. (i) Abnormal vaginal discharge.
(ii) Pain in the eyes, lower abdomen,
pelvis or vagina.
(iii) Itching of the genitals
(iv) Pain during urination and sexual
intercourse.
42. (i) Change in menstrual cycle.
(ii) Pain and swelling of testicles.
(iii) Lower abdominal pain.
(iv) Chlamydia can cause pelvic
inflammatory disease.
(v) It can block the urethra and
fallopian tubes.
34. (i) Reduction of manpower.
(ii) Increases the number of orphans.
(iii) Increase the expenditure on buying 43. Genital herpes
medicine.
44. (i) Itching in the genitals.
(iv) Leads to stigmatization.
(ii) Pain in the genitals
(v) Disruptions in families and peer
(iii) Blisters appear
relationships.
(iv) Sores and skin rash.
35. They are both spread through sexual
45. Painful sores
intercourse.
46. (i) Abstain from sex.
36. bacteria
(ii) Be faithful to your partner.
37. (i) Painless sores on the genital organs.
(iii) Use a condom during sexual
(ii) Rashes on the skin.
intercourse.
(iii) Sores in the mouth.
(iv) Avoid sharing towels or under
clothing.
(iv) Infertility both in men and
women. (v) Mild fever.
35
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
47. (i) The family loses manpower.
(ii) The family loses professionals.
(iii) Children become orphans.
(iv) Family disruptions and
misunderstandings.
(v) Increased expenditure on medication.
(vi) Stigma and discrimination.
(vii) Increased stress.
48. curable or treatable
59. Sexual intercourse
60. (i) Artificial body immunity
(ii) Natural body immunity.
61. (i) Fungi (ii) Bacteria (iii) Virus
(iv) Amoeba
(v) Protozoa
62. ARVs or Antiretrovirals
63. Antiretrovirals
64. Body deficiency
49. A balanced diet is a meal that contains
65. (i) Diseases can attack the body easily.
all nutrients required in our body.
(ii) It causes death.
50. (i) Reduces manpower.
(iii) You become sick.
(ii) Family disintegration.
(iv) Your body becomes weak.
(iii) Increase in street children.
66. vaccination or immunisation
(iv) Stigmatization
(v) Poverty increases.
67. • By taking medicine.
• Through vaccination.
51. (i) They are spread through sexual
• By eating a balanced diet.
intercourse.
• By exercising.
(ii) Through unsafe blood transfusion.
(iii) Sharing clothes.
• Through getting rest and sleep.
(iv) Sharing sharp objects.
68. (i) The patient suffers a lot due to the
diseases.
52. (i) Family conflicts. (ii) Death
(ii) It leads to death.
(iii) Infertility in men and women.
(iii) It gives stress to the infected
(iv) Stigma and discrimination.
person.
(v) Divorce.
(vi) Lead to some
(iv) It makes the body lose body
other diseases like cancer.
immunity.
53. Body immunity is the ability of the
69. (i) Poor balanced diet.
body to fight against diseases.
(ii) Lack of physical exercise.
54. (i) Mouth (ii) Anus (iii) Genitals
(iii) Cigarette smoking.
(iv) Nose (v) Ears
(iv) Diseases
55. (i) Sweat (ii) Mucus
(iii) Tears
(v) Lack of rest and sleep.
(iv) Stomach acid
(vi) Drug abuse
(vii) Too much consumption of alcohol.
56. (i) Nose (ii) Eye lids (iii) Ears
57. By protecting the animal from
infection since it has chemicals that
fights off infections.
58. To fight germs which spread diseases
in the body.
70. (i) Smoking
(ii) Alcohol consumption.
(iii) Eating contaminated food.
(iv) Poor hygiene and sanitation.
(v) Drug abuse
36
(iii) Pain in the joints.
(iv) Shortness of breath.
(v) Frequent illness and infections.
(vi) Delayed growth or puberty.
(vii) Anaemia
(viii) Vision or eye problem
(viii) Heart disease
(x) Kidney stones
(ix) Stroke
79. Cholera (ii) Ebola
(iii) Corona / COVID-19
(iv) Chicken pox
(v) Flu and Colds (vi) Influenza
(vii) Measles
71. (i) Through blood transfusion.
(ii) Through medication.
80. virus
(iii) By eating a lot of green
81. (i) Chest tightness or pains.
vegetables and fruits.
(ii) Wheezing (iii) Coughing
(iv) Through bone marrow transplant.
(iv) Shortness of breath.
72. (i) Decreased or poor muscle tone.
(ii) Short neck with excess skin at the 82. (i) Eat a healthy diet.
back of the neck.
(ii) Protect your skin from the sun.
(iii) Flattened facial profile and nose.
(iii) Avoid wearing very tight clothes,
shoes and belts.
(iv) Small head, ears and mouth.
(iv) Keeping the skin clean and avoid
(v) Wide short hands with short
using un-authorised cosmetics.
fingers.
(v) Maintain a healthy weight.
73. doctor or physician
(vi) Reporting and examining any
74. Tuberculosis
swollen body part.
(vii) Avoid smoking and the use of
75. (i) Avoid using dusty and feathery
drugs.
materials.
(viii) Regular visits for medical
(ii) Avoid perfumes and stay away
checkup.
from people who use perfumes and
(ix) Early treatment.
fragrances.
(x) Know your family medical history
(iii) Avoid cigarette smoking and
and get regular cancer screening.
smoky environments.
(iv) Eat a balanced diet.
83. (i) Loss of much weight.
(v) Stay away from things which
(ii) Sugar is found in the urine.
cause allergies.
(iii) Frequent passing of a lot of
(vi) Stay away from people with flu
urine.
or colds.
(iv) Thirst that comes frequently even
76. Damage to chromosomes.
in the middle of the night.
(v) Extreme hunger.
77. lung cancer, asthma, cough, colds,
(vi) Unexplained weight loss.
wheezing or pneumonia
(vii) Fatigue
78. (i) Diabetes
(ii) Asthma
(viii) Blurred vision.
(iii) Mental diseases
84. (i) Lung cancer (ii) Breast cancer
(iv) Haemophilia
(iii) Cervical and uterine cancer
(v) Cancer (vi) Parkinson’s Disease
(vii) Cataracts
(iv) Prostate cancer
41
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
(ii) Headaches (iii) Stomach upset
(iv) Vomitting (v) Diarrhea
(vi) Tiredness (vii) Shivering
(viii) Abdominal pain
(ix) Weakness and fatigue
(x) Swollen abdomen
(v) Unexplained irritability in infants.
58. albino
59. (i) Polio (ii) Measles
(iii) Diptheria (iv) Tetanus
(v) Whooping cough
54. (i) By avoiding smoking.
(ii) Through avoiding wearing very
tight clothes.
(iii) By keeping the skin clean and
avoiding using unauthorised cosmetics.
(iv) By avoiding being obese and
overweight.
(v) By going for regular health checkup.
(vi) By eating a healthy diet.
(vii) By doing physical exercises
regularly.
(viii) By avoiding drinking too much
alcohol.
(ix) Through avoiding drug abuse.
60. A vaccine is a substance used to
stimulate the production of antibodies
and provide immunity against diseases.
61. (i) Freckled skin.
(ii) Lack of melanin.
(iii) Skin with moles.
(iv) Appearance of lentigines.
(v) Sunburn and inability to tan.
62. tetanus, diptheria and whooping cough
63. malnutrition
64. goitre
65. Avoid touching blood, avoid
contamination or avoid the spread of
55. (i) Lack of cure.
diseases.
(ii) Failure to quarantine infected people.
66. pigmentation
(iii) Poor hygiene and sanitation.
67. (i) Getting check-up before getting
(iv) Failure to enforce a lockdown.
married.
(v) Unrestricted travel.
(ii) Cover the body with clothes when
(vi) Failure to access drugs, medicine
exposed to the sun.
and vaccines.
(iii) Reduce the risk of sunburns by
avoiding the sun.
56. (i) By using mosquito nets.
(iv) Wearing sunglasses to protect the
(ii) By spraying insecticides and
eyes from the sun.
pesticides.
(v) Through gene therapy.
(iii) By avoiding eating and drinking
contaminated food and drinks.
68. To provide colour to the skin, hair and
(iv) Through drinking clean and safe
eyes.
water.
69. (i) By using antifibrinolytic medicine.
(v) By maintaining a high level of
hygiene and sanitation.
(ii) By replacing the missing blood
clotting factor so that the blood can
57. (i) Blood in urine or stool.
clot properly.
(ii) Deep bruises.
(iii) By using man made hormones.
(iii) Pain, swelling or tightness in your
70. (i) Fever
joints.
(ii) Swelling of the body especially the
(iv) The nose bleeds.
hands and feet.
40
71. (i) Loss of body weight.
(ii) Diseases
(iii) Skin rashes and sores.
(iv) Loss of body energy.
72. (i) Physical exercises
(ii) Immunisation.
(iii) Eating a balanced diet.
(iv) Wash your hands.
(v) Avoid smoking.
(vi) Avoid alcohol consumption.
(vii) Avoid drug abuse.
(viii) Get enough sleep.
73. To defend the body against diseases.
74. • By eating a balanced diet.
• By getting vaccination or
immunisation.
75. • By protecting the child from getting
tuberculosis.
• By increasing the body immunity.
37
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVISION WORKBOOK
ANSWER BOOKLET
UNIT 9: DISEASES
1. disease
(ii) Discomfort during urination and
sexual intercourse.
(iii) Itching of genitals.
(iv) Redness or soreness of genitals.
2. Communicable or Infectious
3. non infectious diseases
27. physical contact with the infected
person
28. germs
29. Diabetes, Alzheimer’s, HIV/AIDS ,
Asthma, Parkinson’s disease (ANY
OTHER CORRECT ANSWER)
4. Epidemic
17. Haemophilia.
30. convalescence
5. a genetic disease or an hereditary
disease
18. (i) Pain during urination and sexual
intercourse.
(ii) Sores around the genitals and
anus.
(iii) Abnormal vaginal discharge.
31. symptoms
6. pandemic
7. malaria, chicken pox (ANY OTHER
CORRECT ANSWER)
8. • You can’t get infected by them like
other diseases..
• They are only transmitted through
genetics unlike some other diseases.
• They are hereditary.
9. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
10. Acquired Immune Defficiency
Syndrome
11. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
12. (i) Gonorrhea (ii) Syphilis
(iii) Chlamydia
13. protozoa
14. (i) Redness or soreness of genitals
(ii) Discomfort during urination.
(iii) Itching of the genitals.
(iv) Pain during urination and sexual
intercourse.
15. (i) A foul smelling vaginal discharge
(ii) Genital itching.
(iii) Painful urination and sexual
intercourse.
(iv) Redness or soreness of the
genitals.
16. (i) It causes the increased risk of
prostate and cervical cancer.
19. (i) Pain during urination and sexual
intercourse.
(ii) Swollen, hard and painful lymph
glands in the groin.
(iii) Painful pus filled swelling.
20. (i) It causes swollen and painful
lymph glands.
(ii) It leads to abnormal vaginal
discharge.
(iii) Chancroid brings soreness around
genitals.
21. Sexually Transmitted Diseases can
easily lead to HIV and AIDS and also
lower the body immunity.
22. Scurvy
23. Anaemia
24. non communicable or non infectious
25. Infectious diseases can be transmitted
from one person to another while non
infectious diseases can’t be spread
through person to person.
26. (i) Malaria (ii) Chicken pox
(iii) HIV/AIDS
(iv) Corona Virus Disease (COVID• 19)
(v) Flu
(vi) Ebola
(vii) Dengue Fever (viii) Rabies
(ix) Measles
38
(vi) Through water.
(vii) Through direct person to person
contact.
(viii) Through unhealthy lifestyles.
45. lifestyle or deficiency
46. (i) Mosquitoes
(ii) Lice
(iii) Fleas (iv) Bugs. (v) Rats
(vi) Cockroaches (vii) House flies
32. An epidemic is a disease that emerges 47. (i) Cigarette smoking.
(ii) Drinking alcohol. (iii) Drug abuse
and spreads rapidly within a short
period affecting a large number of
(iv) Failure to exercise.
people in a community or area, while
(v) Unhealthy eating.
a pandemic is a disease outbreak that
spreads across countries or continents 48. haemophilia
killing more people than an epidemic.
49. (i) Typhoid (ii) Dysentery
33. Asthma, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis
(iii) Cholera
34. (i) Dengue fever (ii) Measles
(iii) Ebola (iv) Yellow fever
35. vector
36. diseases
37. malaria
38. virus
39. Typhoid
40. microscope
41. parasite
42. (i) Sickle Cell anaemia
(ii) Haemophilia
(iii)Huntington’s disease
(ANY OTHER CORRECT
ANSWER)
50. (i) Headache
(ii) Fever
(iii) Pain in the body joints.
(iv) Tiredness (v) Feeling cold.
(vi) Shivering
51. (i) Using mosquito nets.
(ii) Spraying insecticides.
(iii) Cutting tall grass.
(iv) Covering the windows and doors
with wire-mesh.
(v) Applying mosquito lotion or
repellent.
(vi) Wear long sleeved clothing and
long pants if you are outdoors at night.
52. (i) Always keep the toilet clean.
(ii) Using mosquito nets.
(iii) Cutting tall grass surrounding our
homes.
(iv) Isolation of infected people or
43. Plasmodium
social distancing.
44. (i) Through sexual intercourse.
(v) Ensuring maximum hygiene and
good sanitation.
(ii) Through the air.
(vi) Through fumigation.
(iii) Through vectors.
(vii) Avoding pollution.
(iv) Through eating contaminated food
and drinks.
53. (i) High fever up to 40oC.
(v) A dirty environment.
39