МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ Факультет: ФКТК Реферат По учебной дисциплине: Физическая культура Тема: Race walking Выполнил: Студент 1 курса, группы IT2-2101 Женилмес Султан, id: 31000 Преподаватель: Ривхат Бабекенов Race walking Introduction Race walking is a long-distance sporting discipline that is also known as race walking. Although it is a foot race, it varies from running in that one foot must remain in contact with the ground at all times. The race judges scrutinize this closely to ensure that it is maintained throughout the race. On highways or treadmills, total distances range from 3,000 meters to 100 kilometers. At the Summer Olympics, there are two race walking distances: the 20 km race walk (for men and women) and the 50 km race walk (men only). Both events take place on the road. The biennial World Championships in Athletics include these three sports, as well as the women's 50 km walk. In addition to the Olympic standard events, the IAAF Race Walking World Cup is a unique worldwide race walking championship that includes a 10-kilometer race walk for junior athletes. It originally took place in 1961. The 5000 m and 3000 m race walks were no longer available at the IAAF World Indoor Championships after 1993. At top-level athletics championships and games, 20 km race walks are regular. From the history of sports walking Race walking has a long history: the first walker race took place in London in 1882. Such events, however, existed long before that, albeit they were not organized in the same way as modern ultramarathons. In mid-nineteenth-century New York, professional runners competed around the clock but were allowed to eat and rest. The contestant who completed the greatest distance in six days was declared the winner. Race walking was included to the Olympic family in 1904, but not in the form it is now. Pedestrians traversed short distances. In 1908, the distances were 1500 and 3000 meters. In 1912, athletes began walking ten kilometers, and in 1932, a 50-kilometer course was introduced. In 1956, in the middle of the twentieth century, the 20 km race was added to the schedule. The British long-distance walking culture, known as walking, began to create the set of principles that are the foundation of the current discipline about the middle of the nineteenth century. Since the mid-20th century, Russian and Chinese athletes have been among the most successful on the international arena, with the bulk of top-level walkers hailing from Europe and Latin America. Many Russian world and Olympic winners have tested positive for illegal performance-enhancing medications, indicating that doping has had a substantial influence. Women were allowed to race for the first time in 1992, but only for 10 kilometers. This was the sport's third watershed moment. Athletes have only been allowed to walk 20 kilometers since 2000, and women's 50 kilometers is still not an Olympic event. Rules Only two rules apply to race walking. The first states that the athlete's rear foot's toe must remain on the ground until the front foot's heel touches the ground. When this rule is broken, the communication is lost. According to the second condition, the supporting leg must straighten at the point of contact with the ground and remain straight until the body passes directly over it. These rules are evaluated using the human eye. Athletes lose contact for a few milliseconds per step, which can be captured on video, but the human eye is thought to be incapable of detecting such a brief phase of flight. To stay low to the earth, athletes keep their hands low and near to their hips. The runner's shoulders rising may signal that he or she is losing contact with the ground. Over-rotation of the hip looks to be full pelvic rotation. Athletes try to press their pelvis forward as much as possible while minimizing lateral movement. Fast steps and quick turns are used to achieve speed. As a result, you have a lower likelihood of lifting your feet off the ground. Steps should be short and rapid, with the ball of the foot pushing off, to decrease the risk of losing contact with the ground. World-class runners can average four to five minutes per kilometer in a 20-kilometer race walk. Technique for walking What is the proper walking method? • • • • Maintain a straight torso. Keep the front leg entirely straight and fall on the ground with the heel, rather than bending it at the knee. We rhythmically perform forceful swings with our hands. As if jogging, the arms are bent at the elbows and move back and forth. By shaking the pelvis and body, we contribute to the leg effort. Competition distances traveled Unlike running, race walking does not offer a wide range of distances. Only six of them exist, with five of them being female. • • 5 km, 20 km, 35 km, 50 km for men; 5 km, 20 km, 35 km for women away from the stadium 400 meters at an outdoor stadium: • • • 3000 square meters 10,000 meters 5000 meters What's the difference between running and race walking? Race walking differs from running in that it requires the foot to remain in continual touch with the ground. The judges evaluate this technical time from a distance, and the runner receives a warning for the "flight phase" of running, as well as disqualification for repeated infractions of the technique. While it's difficult to envision running without bending your knees and moving your hip forward, race walking has a clear rule: our legs must remain straight until the foot contacts the track. If a judge notices a walker's pointed knees, it will be regarded a serious technical flaw. In terms of how hard the body works, running and walking differ. Walking is less exhausting than running since it is easier on the joints and heart. Walking, on the other hand, does not differ from running in terms of movement speed, especially among amateurs. You can see how fast an athlete must go to achieve the title of master of sports in the next paragraph. 20 km and 50 km race walking world records 1. Men: 1:16:36 (3:50 min/km) - Yusuke Suzuki (Japan), March 15, 2015, Nomi, Japan 2. 1:24:38 (4:14 minutes per kilometer) women - Liu Hong (China), 6 June 2015, A Corua, Spain 3. For males, the time is 3:32:33 (4:15 min/km). - Yoann Dini (France), August 15, 2014, Zurich, Switzerland 4. 5. Women's time: 3:59:15 (4:47 min/km) - Liu Hong (China), March 9, 2019, Huangshan, China The Olympic Games Men and women participate over distances of 20 and 50 kilometers, respectively, in race walking, an Olympic track and field event (athletics). The all-around half-mile (804.672 mm) walk was included into the modern Olympics in 1904, and it was the progenitor of the 10-event decathlon. Since 1908, when separate 1500m and 3000m events were established, every Olympics has featured at least one race walk (for men), with the exception of 1924. Women's race walking became an Olympic sport in 1992 after years of lobbying by international women. Every two years, the Race Walking World Cup is organized, and races are held at events such as the World Championships in Athletics, the Commonwealth and Pan American Games, and others.
