PARADIGMS OF EDUCATIONAL
RESEARCH

Paradigms are ways of organizing information so that
fundamental, abstract relationships can be clearly
understood.

The concept of paradigm provides a way to consider the
divergence in vision, custom, and tradition. It enables us
to consider science as having different sets of
CONTINUATION
assumptions, commitments, procedures and theories of
social affairs.
Quantitative and qualitative approaches in
Educational Research

Quantitative research is the process of collecting and
analyzing numerical data.

Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses
on quantifying the collection and analysis of data.
CONTINUATION

It can be used to find patterns and averages, make
predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize
results to wider populations.
CHARACTERISTICS

Contain Measurable Variables.
 Use Standardized Research Instruments.
 Assume a Normal Population Distribution.
CONTINUATION

Present Data in Tables, Graphs, or Figures.

Use Repeatable Method.

Can Predict Outcomes.

Use Measuring Devices
QUALITATIVE APPROACH

Qualitative approach involves collecting and analyzing
non-numerical data. e.g., text, video, or audio) to
understand concepts, opinions, or experiences.

It can be used to gather in-depth insights into a problem
or generate new ideas for research.
CHARACTERISTICS

Natural environment (natural setting).

Researcher as a key instrument (researcher as key
instrument).

Multiple sources of data.

Inductive data analysis.
CONTINUATION

The meaning of the participants (participant’s meaning)

Design that develops (emergent design)

Theoretical perspective (theoretical lens).


Interpretive.
A holistic account.
MIXED APPROACH

Mixed research- research that involves the mixing of
quantitative and qualitative methods or paradigm
characteristics. Nature of data is mixture of variables,
words and images.