JOSE RIZAL
Life , Works and Writings
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CHAPTER 3
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Rizal had his early
education in Calamba
and Biῆan.
Despite the defects of the Spanish system
of elementary education, Rizal was able
to acquire the necessary instruction
preparatory for college work in Manila
and abroad.
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.
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The first teacher of Rizal was his
mother, who was a remarkable
woman of good character and fine
lecture.
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He learned at the age of
three the alphabet and
the prayers.
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As a tutor, Doῆa Teodora was
patient, conscientious, and
understanding. It was her who
first discovered that her son had a
talent
for
poetry.
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As Jose grew older, his
parents employed private
tutors to give him lessons
at home.
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At the age of 8 Jose wrote
a tagalog poem entitled “
Sa aking mga Kababata”.
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The first was Maestro
Celestino and the second ,
Maestro Lucas Padua.
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Leon Monroy, whose a
former classmate of Rizal’s
father, became the boys
tutor.
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He was the one instructed Rizal in
Spanish and Latin. Unfortunately,
he did not live long. He died five
months later.
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After Monroy’s death, the
hero’s parents decided to
send their gifted son to a
private school in Biῆan.
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Jose goes to
Biῆan on June
1869
.
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When Jose was tearful parting
from his sisters, he was
accompanied by Paciano, who
acted as his second father.
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.
The two brothers rode in a carromata, reaching their
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They proceed to their
aunt’s house, where Jose
was to lodge with his
cousin
Leandro.
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At the first day of Rizal in
Biῆan School, Paciano brought
his younger brother to the
school of Maestro Justiniano
Aquino Cruz, Rizal’s first formal
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teacher.
The school was in the house of the
teacher, which was a small nipa
hut about 30 meters from the
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home of Jose’s aunt.
Jose met the bully, Pedro. He
was angry at this bully for
making fun of him during his
conversation with the teacher
in
the
morning.
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Jose challenged Pedro to a fight.
The latter readily accepted
thinking thar he could easily beat
the Calamba boy who was smaller
and younger.
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Jose, learned the art of wrestling
from his athletic Tio Manuel, and
successfully defeated the bigger boy.
For this feat, he became popular
among his classmate.
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A classmate named Andres
Salandanan challenged him to an
arm-wrestling match.Jose, having the
weaker arm, lost and nearly cracked
his head on the sidewalk
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There was a painter named, Juancho,
who was a father-in-law of the school
teacher. Jose, lured by his love of
painting, spent many leisure hours at
the painter’s studio.
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Old, Juancho freely gave him
lessons in drawing and painting.
He was impressed by the artistic
talent of the Calamba lad.
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Jose and his classmate, Jose
Guevarra, who also koved painting
became apprentices of the old painter.
They improved their art, so that in
due time they became “ the favorite
painter
in
the
class”.
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In academics, Jose beat
all Biῆan boys. He
surpassed the Spanish,
Latin and other subjects.
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He received a letter from his
sister Saturnina informing
him of the arrival of the
Steamer 9Talim) which take
him
from
Biῆan
to
Calamba
.
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Jose left Biῆan 1 ½
years after study
in Biῆan .
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The Spanish authorities, in order to
liquidate father Mariano Gomez,
Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora,
leaders of the secular movement to
Filipinize the Philippine parishes, and
their supporters magnified and
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Philippine independence.
Despite the archbishop’s plea
for clemency because of their
innocence, they were
executed at sunrise, February
17, 1872 by order of Gov.
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Gen. Izquierdo.
The martyrdom was deeply
mourned by the Rizal family
and many other patriotic
families in the Philippines.
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With the help of the heroic story
shared by his older brother
paciano, the martyrdom of GomBur-Za in 1872 truly inspired
Rizal to fight the evils of Spanish
tyranny and redeem his
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oppressed people.
In 1891 Jose dedicated
his second novel El
Filibusterismo to
GOMBURZA. It was
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publish in Ghent.
.
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Doῆa Teodora, was arrested on a
malicious charge that she aided
her brother Jose Alberto in trying
to poison his wife. To cover the
family scandal, she persuaded
him to forgive his wife.
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The Family’s trouble was amicably
settled. However, the evil wife, with
the connivance of the Spanish
lieutenant of the Guardia Civil, filed
a case in court accusing her husband
and Donya Teodora of attempting to
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poison her
.
After arresting Doῆa
Teodora, the sadistic
Spanish lieutenant forced
her to walk 50 kms. from
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Upon arrival, she was
incarcerated at the provincial
prison, where she languished for
two years and half until tha
Manila Royal Audencia acquitted
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Don Francisco de Mercaida
and don Manuel MazanoMost famous lawyer in
Manila defende Doῆa
Teodora in court.
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After 2 ½ years the Manila
Royal Audiencia ( Supreme
Court) acquitted Doῆa
Teodora of the alleged
crime.
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