30 April 2022
SUSS PsyConnect
Statistics
Tips
HO HAN SHENG
Table of Contents
Page
I
Assumed Knowledge
3
II
Useful Resources
6
III
Note-taking
10
IV
MTH219 Need to Know
12
V
MTH220 Need to Know
15
VI
Exam Strategies
22
I
Assumed Knowledge
• Refresh your memory before lessons
Warm-up mathematical intuition and ability to
switch between modes of thinking
• Topics from N, O and A Level
Algebra, Inequalities, Rate conversion, Linear
equations & graphs, Logarithms, Permutations &
combinations, Set theory etc.
3
I
Assumed Knowledge
• Mathematical notations
Summation symbol, nCr, factorial, set notation etc.
• When can I use the calculator?
To calculate nCr, n!, exponential
• Graphing calculator advantages
Binomial, Normal distribution probabilities, Inverse
Normal, Graph sketching
4
II
Resources
• Khan Academy
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability
Algebra 1, Algebra 2, Statistics and Probability
5
II
Resources
• Crash Course
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtNM_YbUAhblSAdWRnmBUcr
Bite-sized videos
6
II
Resources
• Codecademy
https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-r
Structured learning for R
7
II
Resources
R for Data
Discovering
Science
Statistics using R
Installing R, RStudio,
Less technical
Tidying data, Using
terms, ANOVA, Using
R
https://r4ds.had.co.nz/
R
8
II
Resources
Math StackExchange
Forum to ask questions
https://math.stackexchange.com/
Greek Alphabet in Mathematics
Pronunciation and reference
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_letters_used_in_mathematics,
_science,_and_engineering
9
III
Note-taking
Notion
• Toggle function helps with revision (self-test)
• Embed screenshots, figures etc.
10
III
Note-taking
LaTeX
Code Blocks
• Typesetting language
• Save R code
• Useful for displaying tidy mathematical
• Mimics syntax highlighting
equations
11
IV
MTH219 Need to Know
Key Definitions
Probability
Population, Sample, Variable, Random variable,
Descriptive statistics, Statistic, Parameter,
Continuous distribution, Discrete distribution
Descriptive Statistics
Mean, Mode, Median, Range, Variance, Standard
deviation, Quartiles & Interquartile range,
Coefficient of variation
Mutually exclusive, Independent events,
Conditional probability
12
IV
MTH219 Need to Know
Random Variables
Determine what type of distribution, parameters,
calculate mean and variance, probability mass
function, cumulative distribution function
13
IV
MTH219 Need to Know
Normal Distribution
Standardisation of normal random variable, How
to read z-table
14
V
MTH220 Need to Know
Central Limit Theorem
Normal Approximation
Application for sample mean, distributions with
For Binomial and Poisson distribution, continuity
large sample size
corrections
15
V
MTH220 Need to Know
z-test or t-test?
Confidence Intervals
• Do we know true population variance?
Definition of CI, How to construct CI for mean and
• What is the distribution?
proportion
• Is sample size large?
How to read t-table?
16
V
MTH220 Need to Know
Hypothesis Testing
Which test to use?
Definitions: Test statistic, critical value, rejection
One-sample hypothesis testing, two-sample
region, p-value, significance probability
hypothesis testing, one-tailed or two-tailed, z-test
or t-test
Hypotheses creation, Compute test statistic,
Rejection criteria, How to conclude?
17
V
MTH220 Need to Know
ANOVA
Definitions: Sum of squares, treatment/ model,
error/ residual, treatment/ group, observation/
specimen
Compute SST, SSTR, SSE, MSTR, MSE, F-statistic
18
V
MTH220 Need to Know
Chi-squared Test
Goodness-of-fit test, Test for independency,
Compute test-statistic, rejection criteria, how to
read chi-squared
19
V
MTH220 Need to Know
Linear Regression
Calculate alpha and beta parameters
20
V
MTH220 Need to Know
Correlation Analysis
Calculate and comment on Pearson and
Spearman rank correlation coefficient
21
VI
Exam Strategies
Prepare material
Skim the questions
Stay calm!
Excel sheets, summary notes,
What concepts are tested?
Clearer mind makes it easier
calculator, rough paper,
Which questions are related?
to remember concepts
stationary
Which questions to tackle first?
beforehand
22