MASTER OF SCIENCE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT OSH
SEMESTER 1 – 2018
ASSIGNMENT NO 1 (GROUP ASSIGNMENT)
Analyze the differences between the three(3) OSHMS, which are OHSAS 18001, ISO 45001
and MS 1722.
1
CONTENT
SECTION
1.0
2.0
TITLE
Introduction
PAGE
3
Table 1.0 Comparison between OHSAS 18001, MS
1722 and ISO 45001 requirements and its
differences
Discussion on advantages of ISO 45001:2018 against
OHSAS 18001:2007 and MS 1722
4 - 13
14-19
Table 2.0 Advantages of ISO 45001:2018 against
OHSAS 18001:2007 and MS 1722
3.0
Discussions on matters in OHSAS 18001 or MS 1722
are better than ISO 45001.
20
4.0
Conclusion
21
5.0
References
22
2
1. Introduction
OH&S management controls the conditions and factors that affect, or could affect,
the health and safety of workers (including temporary workers and contractor
personnel), visitors, or any other person in the workplace, to avoid their ill health
and/or injury.
ISO 45001: 2018 Occupational health and safety management systems Requirements with guidance for use is a standard that defines the requirements for
a management system for OH&S management, as well as giving guidance on its use.
ISO 45001, building upon OHSAS 18001:2007, adopts Annex SL, providing a shared
framework with other ISO standards. The standard applies to all forms and sizes of
organization, performing any types of activities. This standard is developed by
Project Committee 283 in 2013 and published in March 2018. It provides a
framework to establish OH&S management policies, objectives, processes and
governance, and facilitates an organization's achievement of its strategic goals. ISO
45001 utilizes a structured, effective, and efficient process that drives continual
improvement for an organization's OH&S performance. This standard focuses on the
need for a management system, not the management of specific types of hazards
and risks.
This new standard has its origins in OHSAS 18001. OHSAS 18001 was first published
in 1999 and revised in 2007 by the OHSAS Project Group, an international
consortium of experts including representatives from various national standards
bodies, academic institutions, and health and safety organisations. OHSAS was
initially developed in 1999 by BSI and the 2007 version are compatible with ISO
14001:2004.
MS 1722:2011 – Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems –
Requirements is a Malaysian Standard that provides requirements on Occupational
Safety and Health Management Systems (OSHMS) and basis for the development
OSH system in an organisation. MS 1722:2011 is supported by Department of
Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Guidelines on Occupational Safety and
Health Management Systems which replaced the MS 1722: Part 2:2003 Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems - Guidelines standard which
has been withdrawn by Standards Malaysia. The requirements of the standard are
intended to address OHS for employees, temporary employees, contractors and
other personnel on site rather than the safety of products and services.
This assignment focuses on differences and advantages of ISO 45001 requirements
on occupational health and safety management systems (referred to hereafter as
ISO 45001) against OHSAS 18001:2007 and MS 1722:2011 which are the two OHSMS
standards currently widely used OHSMS in Malaysia.
3
Table 1.0 Comparison between OHSAS 18001, MS 1722 and ISO 45001 requirements and its differences
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
1
Scope
2
Reference
Publications
Terms and
Definitions
3
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
3
OSHMS in the
organisation
0.1-0.5
Introduction
1
Scope and
purpose
1
Scope
Similar
Explain the background success factors,
intended outcomes, PDCA concept and
verbal forms used in the standards. In MS
1722, clause 3 includes the Figure 3.1
which describe the OSH element; POPEA.
No significant changes
2
Normative
references
Terms and
definitions
New title
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
Enhanced
Context of the
organisations
New title
OHSAS 18001 has 23 terms; MS 1722 has
24 terms while ISO 45001 has 37 terms.
In ISO 45001, many of the similar OHS
terms in both OHSAS 18001 and MS 1722
are updated and enhanced to suit current
OHS development and promotes
suitability at international level.
For example the term employee was
changed to worker, the term injury and
ill-health is used to describe the
harm/risk instead of ill health and work
related injuries, disabilities, ill-health and
diseases in MS 1722. Risk and OHS risk
has different definitions.
There are new terms in ISO 45001 such as
occupational
health
and
safety
opportunities, documented information,
outsource and process.
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
2
Terms and
definitions
3
4
4
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
Claus
e
OHSAS
18001:2007
Claus
e
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
3.3.1
Initial Review
4.1
Understanding the
organisations and its
context
Understanding the
need and
expectations of
workers and other
interested parties
Determining the
scope of the OHSMS
New
Requirement
4.4
OHS Management
system
Similar
5
Leader and worker
participation
Title Change
5.1
Leadership and
commitment
New
Requirement
5.2
OHS Policy
Enhanced
This is a new requirement with the intent
to identify the internal and external
issues that will drive the OH&SMS.
This is a new requirement to identify
what the needs of workers and other
interested parties are and to understand
how those needs impact the OH&S
Management System.
Includes identifying the boundary of the
scope and taking into consideration the
external and internal issues, needs and
expectations of interested parties and
any planned or performed work-related
activities.
Add requirements to include the
processes needed and the interactions
for an OH&SMS.
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle with
addition of “worker participation” to
emphasise OHS discipline requirement.
Ensures leadership is involved in the
OH&S Management system through
several required commitments.
Adds requirements to ensure it is
available
and
communicated
appropriately, both internally and
externally.
4.2
4.3
3.3.1
4.4.1
4.4.3
4.4.6
4.2
Initial Review
(partial)
OH&S Policy
3.1.1
OSH Policy
5
New
Requirement
Enhanced
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
4.4.1
Resources, roles,
responsibility,
accountability and
authority
3.2.1
Responsibility,
accountability
and authority
5.3
Organizational roles,
responsibilities, and
authorities
Enhanced
Part of the OHSAS 18001 requirements
was added to Section 5.1 in ISO 45001.
Also, ISO 45001 adds more emphasis on
workers taking on responsibility for the
management
system
with
top
management
being
used
as
a
communication tool.
4.4.3.
2
Participation and
Consultation
3.1.2
Employee
participation
5.4
Consultation and
participation of
workers
Enhanced
Emphasizes that the consultation and
participation of non- managerial workers
is intended to apply to persons carrying
out the work activities, but is not
intended to exclude, for example,
managers who are impacted by work
activities or other factors in the
organization.
4.3
Planning
6
Planning
Title
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
6.1
Actions to address
risks and
opportunities
New
Requirement
There is a new requirement to
determine the risks and opportunities of
the organization.
6
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
6.1.1
General
New
Requirement
The Actions to address risks and
opportunities requires the organization
to consider the following issues:
- Context of the Organization
- Needs and expectations of
interested parties
- The Scope of the OH&S
Management System
These issues shall take into account its
associated:
- Hazards
- OH&S Risks and Other Risks
- OH&S Opportunities and other
opportunities
- Legal Requirements and Other
Requirements
Risks or undesired effects can include
work-related injury and ill health,
noncompliance with legal requirements
and other requirements, or damage to
reputation.
OH&S opportunities address the
identification of hazards, how they are
communicated, and the analysis and
mitigation of known hazards. Other
opportunities
address
system
improvement strategies.
7
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
4.3.1
Hazard
identification, risk
assessment
and
determining
controls
3.3.3
Hazard
6.1.2
identification,
risk assessment
and risk control
4.3.2
Legal and
Other
Requirements
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.2
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Hazard identification Enhanced
and assessment of
risks and hazards
Determination of
legal requirements
and other
requirements
Planning action
OH&S Objectives
and Planning to
Achieve Them
8
Description of Differences
Adds requirements to identify and assess
risks related to workers at a location not
under the direct control of the
organization, home-based workers or
those who work alone. Have extensive
requirement on hazard identification
which include social factors, human
factors, people within the vicinity etc. It
also takes into consideration risks and
opportunities that may arise from
routine, non-routine and emergency
situations.
Similar
Add new requirement related to how
legal and other requirements can result
in risks and opportunities.
New
Requirement
The organization shall plan actions to:
- address these risks and
opportunities (see 6.1.2.2 and
6.1.2.3);2)
- address legal requirements and
other requirements (see 6.1.3);
- prepare for and respond to
emergency situations (see 8.2);
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
New Tittle
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
4.3.3
Objectives and
programme
3.3.2
OSH Objectives
6.2.1
6.2.2
Similar
No Significant Changes
4.4
Implementation
and Operation
3.2
Organising
7
OH&S Objectives
Planning to achieve
OH&S objectives
Support
New Title
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
Resources
Similar
Requirement pulled into its own section
Competence
ISO 45001:2018
Awareness
Similar
Type of
changes
Enhanced
Requirement pulled into its own section
Description of Differences
Adds awareness requirements that
workers shall be made aware of, such as:
- incidents and the outcomes of
investigations that are relevant to
them;
- hazards, OH&S risks and actions
determined that are relevant to
them;
- the ability to remove themselves
from work situations that they
consider present an imminent and
serious danger to their life or health,
as well as the arrangements for
protecting them from undue
consequences for doing so.
4.4.1
Resources, roles,
3.2.1.
responsibility,
4
accountability and
authority
4.4.2
Competence,
3.2.2
and Clause
Clause training
OHSAS 18001:2007
awareness.
The employer
7.1
shall provide
appropriate
resources
Competence,
7.2
Training
and Clause
MS 1722:2011
Awareness
7.3
9
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
4.4.3
3.2.4
Communication
7.4
Communication
Title Change
7.4.1
General
Enhanced
7.4.2
Internal
Communication
Enhanced
7.4.3
External
Communication
Enhanced
7.5
Documented
information
General
Title Change
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
Participation and consultation has been
pulled out and moved into its own section
(5.4).
Expanded to include consideration of
diversity aspects, views of external
interested parties and responding to
external communication.
Adds requirement to ensure its
communication process(es) enables
workers to contribute to continual
improvement.
External communication shall consider its
legal
requirements
and
other
requirements
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
4.4.4
Communication,
Participation and
Consultation
Documentation
3.2.3
OSHMS
Documentation
7.5.1
4.4
Implementation
and Operation
3.3
Planning and
Implementation
7.5.2
Creating
Updating
7.5.2
Control
Documented
Information
Operation
8
10
Similar
and Similar
of Similar
Title Change
Allows for documentation media outside
of the traditional word, excel and pdf
formats, such as software programs.
No significant changes
Requires documentation and record
retention requirements be identified.
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
4.4
Implementation
and Operation
Operational
Control
3.3
Planning and
Implementation
8.1
Operational Planning
and control
General
Title Only
Hazard
identification, risk
assessment and
determining
controls
3.3.3
Hazard
identification,
risk assessment
and risk control
8.1.2
Eliminating hazards
and reducing OH&S
risks
New sub
clause
3.3.5
Management of
change
8.1.3
Management of
change
New
requirement
(only when
compare with
OHSAS 18001)
3.3.6
Procurement
8.1.4
Procurement
New title
8.1.4.1
General
New
requirement
4.4.6
4.3.1
8.1.1
11
Enhanced
Description of Differences
Adds operational requirements, such as
adapting work to workers. At multiemployer workplaces, the organization
shall coordinate its OH&S management
system with the other organizations.
Separates the hierarchy of controls
requirements into its own section. There
is a new control option parallel with
engineering
control
named
as
“reorganization
of
works”
which
addressed controls for physiological and
psychological hazards.
The organization shall establish a process
(es) for the implementation and control
of planned temporary and permanent
changes that impact OH&S performance.
The term “unintended consequences” is
used.
The
organization
shall
establish,
implement and maintain a process(es) to
control the procurement of products and
services to ensure their conformity to its
OH&S management system.
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
3.3.7
Contracting
8.1.4.2
Contractors
New
requirement
8.1.4.3
Outsourcing
New
requirement
8.2
Emergency
preparedness and
response
Similar
The organization shall coordinate its
procurement process(es) with its
contractors, to identify hazards and to
assess and control the OH&S risks
Adds requirement to ensure that
outsourced functions and processes are
controlled.
No significant changes
9
9.1
Performance
Monitoring,
measurement,
analysis and
performance
evaluation
General
Title Change
Title Only
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
Enhanced
Evaluation of
compliance
Internal audit
General
Internal audit
programme
Similar
Increased focus on the overall
performance of the OH&S management
system and ensuring results are analyzed,
evaluated and communicated.
No significant changes
Title Only
Similar
Similar
No significant changes
No significant changes
4.4.7
Emergency
preparedness and
response
3.3.4
4.5
4.5.1
Checking
3.4
Performance
3.4.1
measurement and
monitoring
Emergency
prevention,
preparedness
and responses
Evaluation
Performance
monitoring and
measurement
9.1.1
4.5.2
4.5.5
Evaluation of
compliance
Internal audit
9.1.2
3.4.3
Audit
9.2
9.2.1
9.2.2
12
Clause OHSAS 18001:2007
Clause
MS 1722:2011
Clause
ISO 45001:2018
Type of
changes
Description of Differences
4.6
3.4.4
Management
review
9.3
Management review
Enhanced
Added agenda items to match the new
requirements in the ISO 45001 standard.
Also require additional outputs to be
evaluated and documented.
3.5
Action for
improvement
10
Improvement
New Title
This is ISO Annex SL format tittle.
10.1
General
New
requirement
Requires
identification
and
implementation of opportunities for
improvement.
4.5.3
4.5.3.
1
Management
Review
Incident
investigation,
nonconformity,
corrective action
and
preventive action
Incident
investigation
3.5.1
Preventive and 10.2
corrective action
Incident,
nonconformity and
corrective action
Similar
No significant changes
3.4.2
Incident
Investigation
10.2
Similar
No significant changes
3.5.2
Continual
improvement
10.3
Incident,
nonconformity and
corrective action
Continual
improvement
New
requirement
Requires
demonstrated
continual
improvement of not only the OH&S
management system, but with the OH&S
as a whole.
13
2. Discussion on advantages of ISO 45001:2018 against OHSAS 18001:2007 and MS 1722
Table 2.0 Advantages of ISO 45001:2018 against OHSAS 18001:2007 and MS 1722
Acceptance
MS 1722:2011
Only recognised in Malaysia
because this a national standard
Update
Less accurate and relevant because
it was reviewed and updated in
2011 (8 years ago)
Concept
Using POPEA cycle, i.e. Policy Organising – Planning &
Implementation – Evaluation –
Action for Improvement
OHSAS 18001
Although it’s a national standard
developed by British Standards
Institute, it is recognised at
international level.
Less accurate and relevant because it
was reviewed and updated in 2007
((11 years ago)
OHSAS 18001 used to be similar in
arrangement when compared to ISI
14001:2004. Although use Plan-DoCheck-Act
cycle,
the
clauses
arrangement is not easing for
Not easy for business to merge with implementing integrated management
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001
system, especially after ISO 14001 is
updated in 2015. However, those with
a good OHSAS 18001 systems will find
the route to implementation less
difficult and will find a lot of common
ground, as risk-based thinking should
already be a core activity.
14
ISO 45011: 2018
Recognised at international level and will
be replacing many national OHS standards
More accurate and relevant with current
OSH practices in industry. Provides clarity
on OHSMS issues especially on the current
risk reduction concept, performance based
monitoring etc.
Although the PC 283 keeps the Plan-DoCheck-Act cycle, ISO 45001 follows the
Annex SL framework used for ISO 9001,
ISO 14001, ISO 23001 etc. This means that
organisations with multiple management
systems who wish to integrate or align
them, should find this to be an easier task.
MS 1722:2011
OHSAS 18001
Integration of
No specific requirement to support Not explicitly detailed
the OHSMS into integration
the business
processes of the
organization
Risk based
thinking
No considered
Process
approach
versus
procedure
approach
Both standards are procedure-approach.
15
ISO 45011: 2018
ISO 45001 promotes and supports
business in ensuring their strategic
business action is consistent with their
OHS performance
The need to ensure integration of the
requirements into business processes
should mean that the “silo” approach of
some organisations, whose OH&S
management
systems
are
totally
independent, is a thing of the past.
Risk-based thinking for the OHSMS, as well
as for OH&S risks. This means there is no
reference to preventive action. The
organisation must show that they have
determined, considered and, where
necessary, taken action to address any
risks and opportunities that may affect
(either positively or negatively) their OH&S
management system’s ability to deliver its
intended outcomes.
While ISO 9001:2008 promoted the
adoption of a process approach and
OHSAS 18001 was based on “plan, do,
check, act” (PDCA), there is recognition of
both approaches in this document. Clause
4.4 requires the processes and their
interactions to be determined within the
OH&S management system.
Wellness and
Wellbeing
Content
MS 1722:2011
MS 1722 did not mention at all
employee
wellbeing/wellness
programmes.
OHSAS 18001
OHSAS 18001 is not intended to
address other health and safety areas
such as employee wellbeing/wellness
programmes.
ISO 45011: 2018
ISO 45001 enables an organization,
through its OH&S management system, to
integrate other aspects of health and
safety, such as worker wellness/wellbeing.
Lack details and requirements
Lack details and requirements
Have more details and requirements
1. Guidance in implementing
1. Guidance in implementing the
1. Guidance to implement the
the requirement are in
requirement are in separate
requirements is on the same
separate document
document – ISO 18002 and ISO
document
developed by DOSH
18004
2. Clearer guidance on requirement –
2. No requirement on
2. No requirement on leadership
refer annex
leadership
3. Only focus on employee
3. Leadership is a key factor in the
3. Only focus on employee
participation,
consultation
PDCA concept and is a requirement
participation
requirement is very limited.
4. Consultation with workers is a
4. Only emphasise on
4. Didn’t promote integration of
requirement, in addition with
employers responsibilities
OH&S requirement in other
participation
5. No requirement on item 7.3
business processes in the
5. In ISO 45001, the clause 5.3
(b)
organisation
emphasise on OSH responsibilities
6. Didn’t promote integration
of workers and top management
of OH&S requirement in
accountabilities.
other business processes in
6. Provide workers with ability to
the organisation
make decision without referring to
manager when the work is too
dangerous. The employer shall
make arrangement to protect
workers when they not do the
dangerous work.
16
Involvement of
workers
especially nonmanagerial
workers
Leadership and
commitment
MS 1722:2011
The word use in “Employee
participation”, but the requirement
said “consulted”. There is
inconsistency.
OHSAS 18001
Limited requirement on consultation
and participation
ISO 45011: 2018
Have detailed and consistent
requirements regarding consultation and
participation.
Not explicitly detailed
Limited requirement
Top management are required to
demonstrate that they engage in key
OH&S management system activities. They
are required to develop, lead and promote
a culture of safety at work, and protect
workers from reprisals when reporting
incidents. This means that there is a need
for top management to be actively
involved,
and
demonstrate
their
commitment.
In the case of those adopting ISO 45001,
all managers will need to be able to
demonstrate their commitment to OH&S.
ISO 45001 is not just about accidents in
the workplace, and managers would do
well to remember that issues such as
stress can affect all parts of the
organisation.
This is not something the nominated
management
representative
can
necessarily take on board.
17
Supporting
guidance
document
MS 1722:2011
Supporting guidelines prepared by
DOSH is limited on explanation and
examples of demonstration of each
requirement.
OHSAS 18001
Supporting guidelines prepared by BSI
provide better guidance on the
requirements; namely OHSAS 18002 –
Guidelines for implementation of
OHSAS 18001:2007 and BS 18004:2008
Guide to achieving occupational health
and safety performance.
Auditing
18
ISO 45011: 2018
Supporting guidelines for ISO 45001
prepared by BSI are extensive such as
follows:
- BS 45002-0:2018 Occupational
health and safety management
systems. General guidelines for the
application of ISO 45001
- BS 45002-1:2018 Occupational
health and safety management
systems. General guidelines for the
application of ISO 45001. Guidance
on managing occupational health
- BS 45002-3:2018 Occupational
health and safety management
systems. General guidelines for the
application of ISO 45001. Guidance
on incident investigation
- BS 45002-2. Occupational health
and safety management systems.
General
guidelines
for
the
application of ISO 45001. Part 2.
Risks and opportunities
At ISO TC 283 level, works are also in
progress to develop additional guidelines
to support ISO 45001 such as
For management system auditors, the
adoption of Annex SL means that in a
combined audit, there is a generic set of
requirements that can be audited
simultaneously, irrespective of the
disciplines within the audit scope. This will
make the auditor life easier.
19
3. Discussions on matters in OHSAS 18001 or MS 1722 are better than ISO 45001.
The following can be perceived as matters where OHSAS 18001 or MS 1722 are
better than ISO 45001.
i. The synergy of OHSAS 18001 clauses are easy for understanding and
implementation compare to the synergy and dynamic of ISO 45001 clauses.
ii. The term “worker” used in ISO 45001 may cause confusion and will take time
for organisation to be able to really understand that everyone is worker,
including top management.
iii. The role of “management representative” has been removed, although it is a
legal requirement in many countries including the UK. This role is explicitly
mentioned in MS 1722 and OHSAS 18001 which many organisation
considered as a useful position to have albeit it may not be effective in
improving OH&S performance at the strategic level.
iv. The requirements in MS 1722 are written in simple sentences which have
been perceived by user as easier to be implemented.
v. Those with a good OHSAS 18001 systems will find the route to
implementation less difficult and will find a lot of common ground, as riskbased thinking should already be a core activity.
vi. Auditing MS 1722 and OHSAS 18001 is easier. Due to the process approach in
ISO 45001, the management system auditor may find auditing ISO 45001 is
difficult and requires extensive technical and industry-specific competence.
20
4. Conclusion
The new standard adopts in full the text of Annex SL, with very minor modifications
to suit its OHS discipline requirements such hazards, consultation and participation,
hierarchy of controls and incident investigations. Therefore, it aligns with ISO 9001
and ISO 14001: with the same structure, same terms and definitions, and same
generic text. Organisations will now have a model that integrates OH&S into the
strategy and decision-making processes at all levels, and contributes to their
business sustainability. Top management will be much more involved in OH&S
matters and will be challenged to demonstrate their leadership and commitment in
OHSMS. Workers will benefit from enhanced care of their OH&S needs but will also
be challenged to participate in many instances of the OHSMS development, planning
and operation.
In another perspective on certification, internal and external OHSMS auditors will
need the competence to audit top management more rigorously, competent in the
sector that there are auditing including having knowledge and understanding on the
issues that maybe affect the organisation in relations to OHS. These auditors also
must be able to evaluate and compare evidence related to demonstration of
conformity to ISO 45001 to the organisation’s business strategies.
In this assignment, it has been shown that ISO 45001, OHSAS 18001:2007 and MS
1722:2011 requirements have some level of correspondence, similarities however
the depth of OHS technical requirements have been expanded in ISO 45001. The
main differences between these standards are application of term of workers, risks
and opportunities, taking into account context, integration to business processes,
extensive requirement on hazard identification, risk based thinking and process
approach may posed a challenged to organisation who are have existing OHSMS
based on OHSAS 18001 and MS 1722 .
OH&S professionals such SHO and SSS will welcome these changes in all technical
and operational OH&S-related issues as this will support OHS commitment and
accountability at all levels and functions in their organisation. This will pose
opportunity to the OHS professional to be able to interact with top management and
to assist top management to discharge their duties and responsibilities. However,
ISO 45001 requirements may be intimidating to SME and organisation that didn’t
have strong and mature existing OHSMS.
As this assignment is only able to compare obvious differences in main clauses and
its sub clauses of these three standards, there is a need for future study to conduct
compare effective implementation of these standards in organisations.
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5. References a. Malaysian Standard ISO 45001:2018, Occupational Health and Safety
Management System – Requirements with Guidance for use
b. BS OHSAS 18001:2007, Occupational Health and Safety Management System
– Requirements
c. BS OHSAS 18002 – Guidelines for implementation of OHSAS 18001:2007
d. BS 18004:2008 Guide to achieving occupational
e. MS 1722:2011 Occupational Safety and Health Management System
f. Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia, Guidelines on
Occupational Safety and Health Management System, 2011,
g. ISO/TC
283
Occupational
health
and
safety
management,
https://www.iso.org/committee/4857129.html
h. ISO/TC 283 Occupational health and safety management home website,
https://committee.iso.org/home/tc283
i. Popular Standards - MS 1722:2011 & OHSAS 18001:2007 - Occupational
Health
and
Safety
Management
Systems
(OHSMS),
http://www.jsm.gov.my/ms-1722#.W_Aa6rhx3IU,
j. OHSAS Project Group, Implementation Guidance for migrating from
OHSAS
18001:2007
to
ISO
45001:2018,
https://committee.iso.org/home/tc283
k. Abidin, E,Z., Irniza, R.(2015) Occupational Safety and Health Management
System in Malaysia : Comparisons between OHSAS 18002:2007 and MS
1722:2011, International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences, Vol.2
No 3
l. Kleinove, R., Szaryszova, P., (2016) The new Health and Safety Standard ISO
45001:2016 and its planned changes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF
INTERDISCIPLINARITY IN THEORY AND PRACTICE. itpb.eu/pdf/2014-1/9%20klejnova,%20szaryszova.pdf
m. Chartered Quality Institute, ISO 45001:2018, Understanding the International
Standard.
n. IAF’s Mandatory Document IAF MD 21: Requirements on the Migration to ISO
45001:2018
from
OHSAS
18001:2007
(see:
http://www.iaf.nu/upFiles/IAFMD21MigrationtoISO450012018Pub.pdf)
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